business plan pricing

Take a look at all our Webinars and Events!

Elevate Pricing with Elasticity

Optimise Pricing with Sensitivity

Blogs & articles, how to write a pricing strategy for my business plan.

In this blog you will learn about the importance of choosing the right pricing strategy for a successful business plan.

Why is a pricing strategy important for a business plan?

A business plan is a written document outlining a company’s core business practices – from products and services offered to marketing, financial planning and budget, but also pricing strategy. This business plan can be very lengthy, outlining every aspect of the business in detail. Or it can be very short and lean for start ups that want to be as agile as possible.

This plan can be used for external investors and relations or for internal purposes. A business plan can be useful for internal purposes because it can make sure that all the decision makers are on the same page about the most important aspects of the business.

A 1% price increase can lead to an 8% increase in profit margin.

A business plan could be very lengthy and detailed or short and lean, but in all instances, it should have a clear vision for how pricing is tackled. A pricing strategy ultimately greatly determines the profit margin of your product or service and how much revenue the company will make. Thorough research of consultancy agencies also show that pricing is very important. McKinsey even argues that a 1% prices increase can lead up to an 8% increase in profits. That is a real example of how small adjustments can have a huge impact!

It is clear that each business plan should have a section about pricing strategies. How detailed and complicated this pricing strategy should be depends for each individual business and challenges in the business environment. However, businesses should at least take some factors into account when thinking about their pricing strategy.

What factors to take into account?

The pricing strategy can best be explained in the marketing section of your business plan. In this section you should describe what price you will charge for your product or service to customers and your argumentation for why you ask this. However, businesses always balance the challenging scale of charging too much or too little. Ideally you want to find the middle, the optimal price point.

The following questions need to be answered for writing a well-structured pricing strategy in your business plan:

What is the cost of your product or service?

Most companies need to be profitable. They need to pay their expenses, their employees and return a reasonable profit. Unless you are a well-funded-winner-takes-all-growth-company such as Uber or Gorillas, you will need to earn more than you spend on your products. In order to be profitable you need to know how much your expenses are, to remain profitable overall.

How does your price compare to other alternatives in the market?

Most companies have competitors for their products or services, only few companies can act as a monopoly. Therefore, you need to know how your price compares to the other prices in the market. Are you one of the cheapest, the most expensive or somewhere in the middle?

Why is your price competitive?

When you know the prices of your competitors, you need to be able to explain why your price is better or different than that of your competitions. Do you offer more value for the same price? Do you offer less, but are you the cheapest? Or does your company offer something so unique that a premium pricing strategy sounds fair to your customer? You need to be able to stand out from the competition and price is an efficient differentiator.

What is the expected ROI (Return On Investment)?

When you set your price, you need to be able to explain how much you are expeciting to make. Will the price you offer attract enough customers to make your business operate profitable? Let’s say your expenses are 10.000 euros per month, what return will your price get you for your expected amount of sales?

Top pricing strategies for a business plan

Now you know why pricing is important for your business plan, “but what strategies are best for me?” you may ask. Well, let’s talk pricing strategies. There are plenty of pricing strategies and which ones are best for which business depends on various factors and the industry. However, here is a list of 9 pricing strategies that you can use for your business plan.

• Cost-plus pricing
• Competitive pricing
• Key-Value item pricing
• Dynamic pricing
• Premium pricing
• Hourly based pricing
• Customer-value based pricing
• Psychological pricing
• Geographical pricing

Most of the time, businesses do not use a single pricing strategy in their business but rather a combination of pricing strategies. Cost-plus pricing or competitor based pricing can be good starting points for pricing, but if you make these dynamic or take geographical regions into account, then your pricing becomes even more advanced!

Pricing strategies should not be left out of your business plan. Having a clear vision on how you are going to price your product(s) and service(s) helps you to achieve the best possible profit margins and revenue. If you are able to answer thoughtfully on the questions asked in this blog then you know that you have a rather clear vision on your pricing strategy.

If there are still some things unclear or vague, then it would be adviceable to learn more about all the possible pricing strategies . You can always look for inspiration to our business cases. Do you want to know more about pricing or about SYMSON? Do not hesitate to contact us!

Do you want a free demo to try how SYMSON can help your business with margin improvement or pricing management? Do you want to learn more? Schedule a call with a consultant and book a 20 minute brainstorm session!

Get your CEO Book for Intelligent Pricing

• How to become a Hyperlearning organisation
• How to develop your organisational processes
• How to choose an algorithm that fits your business

Get your playbook for behavior-Based Pricing and using AI Driving Tooling

• Increase margin & revenue
• Become a Frontrunner in your market
• Be agile, use AI pricing software & learn from it to become a Hyperlearning Organisation

HAVE A QUESTION?

Frequently asked questions, related blogs.

4 Tips for keeping your pricing manageable

How to implement a new pricing strategy in 4 steps

How To Price Your Products: 5 Most Common Strategies

B2B Price Monitoring: How to Monitor Competitor Prices Beyond B2B Portals Logins

How LLM-Powered Tools Help You Optimise Your Business Processes

Hyperlearning

How Much Does a Business Plan Cost?

A complete business plan helps you to identify your business goals and how you plan on reaching them. Whether you are a new business owner or an experienced entrepreneur, writing a comprehensive business plan can help you start, grow, and/or attract investors to fund your business.  

How Much Does It Cost to Write a Business Plan ?

Business plan pricing depends on what route you take to create it. However, there are a few essential elements that are common to all business plans:

• Executive Summary
• Business Description
• Market Analysis
• Customer Analysis
• Competitive Analysis
• Marketing Strategy
• Operations Plan
• Management Team
• Financial Plan

There are several ways to approach writing a successful business plan, but the cost of each way varies widely. The cost of a business plan can be a significant investment, but it’s an essential tool for any business. Below we provide some tips for what to consider and the costs for the various methods of completing your own business plan.  

Considerations When Writing Your Own Business Plans

There are several things to consider when writing your own plan. Depending on whether you’re in need of funding and how much, the costs for your business plan will be different.

Take into account:

• How long will your business plan be?
• How many hours does it take to complete the business plan?
• What kind of language is used in the business plan?
• Who will use the business plan?
• Who will fund your business?
• How much are you looking to raise or if you need funding at all?

According to our business consultants’ surveys of investor requirements, a 15- to 25-page business plan is the ideal length. Adding more pages may cause your time-constrained investor to skim portions of the plan, even if they are interested, which might result in important information being overlooked. However, fewer pages may lead potential investors to believe that the firm has not been thoroughly thought out or simply doesn’t have enough information for them to make an investment decision.  

Business Plan Template Costs

There are a variety of business plan templates online that you can purchase for a one-time fee. These templates range in price but usually start at around $100. Remember, a bargain business plan template may not include all the information that you need, so it’s important to understand what is included with the template you purchase.

Many of these templates also come with instructions to help you fill in the template and make changes as needed. However, if there is something you want to be changed on the template, it may take time and money to have it done.

Be sure to do your research and find the right template for your business. The wrong template could set you back even further and change the face of your business entirely. If you purchase a professional business plan template, make sure it’s from a reputable business plan company with business plan writing skills   in a variety of industries.

The business plan template should be easily editable and customized for your specific business needs and industry trends.

If you do not want to pay for a template, there are companies that will charge by the page and some that offer free resources . However, these templates may not have been professional business plans written for your exact type of business.  

Experienced Consultants & Business Plan Writers Cost

Hiring a business plan writer or professional writing service will help you get a comprehensive business plan written just for your business. A professional business plan consultant will help you identify your goals and how your company will reach these goals. A business plan consultant fee usually costs more but can be worth it if you do not have the time or resources to complete the business plan yourself.

A business plan writer can be found through online directories, but be sure to do your research prior to engaging in business with them. Be sure to ask for references and read reviews before hiring a business plan writing service.

If you choose to hire a business plan consultant, the complexity and length of the plan will determine how much is a business plan. Generally, a consulting firm or private consultants charge between $1,000 and $5,000 to have a comprehensive business plan written . However, a lengthy and complex plan can easily start at a few thousand dollars and stretch into the tens of thousands of dollars based on the needs of the business.

Some experienced business plan writing services also offer package deals that include additional services, such as market research, a marketing plan, and realistic financial projections.

Business Plan Software Costs

There are business plan software applications that can be used for free or have a monthly subscription cost, which may work better for your needs depending on what you need in a business plan. These apps provide templates and make writing a business plan and business planning easier. They help organize the information you enter into the app and will sometimes offer advice on how to do things like financial projections for your business plan .

The information that you put into the application can be used for several different types of business plan needs. These apps are great for startups and small businesses looking to raise capital or secure funding.

Each app or software varies in what it offers. Some are more customizable than others, some have more options for presenting your business plan, and some even offer investment opportunities. With just your business idea, the business planning software can help you write your own business plan quickly and easily. 

Write Your Own Business Plan from Scratch

If you do not want to purchase a template or use software, the easiest and most cost-effective way is to write a business plan from scratch. This route takes time and effort to complete but can be done by anyone willing to put in the work.

When writing your business plan documents, remember that they should be as detailed as possible. This document is your guide to starting and running your business. The more complete it is, the better off you’ll be.

There are a variety of free resources available online to help you write a business plan, including articles, templates, and even video courses.

When writing a business plan from scratch, it’s important to consider all of your business aspects. This includes your business concept or business model , management, production, market research , sales strategies , customer service, operations, human resources, financial projections , and more.

Try to be as thorough as possible when writing the plan. While the task may seem daunting at first, you’ll find that putting together a business plan is not so bad once you get started. After all, if you can dream it, you can write it.

The cost of writing a b usiness plan is dependent on the purpose, type, and length of the business plan. The amount of time it takes to complete a  business plan , the language used, and who will be using the document also play a factor in the cost. You can find templates for a one-time fee or pay by the page, hire a business plan writing service or a business plan writer , contact a consulting firm , or use software/apps to create your business plan. Whichever option you choose, make sure you do your research, conduct an in-depth business plan review, and find the best resource to meet the goals for your business.  

• Business Planning
• Venture Funding

• Credit cards
• View all credit cards
• Banking guide
• Loans guide
• Insurance guide
• Personal finance
• View all personal finance
• Small business
• Small business guide
• View all taxes

You’re our first priority. Every time.

We believe everyone should be able to make financial decisions with confidence. And while our site doesn’t feature every company or financial product available on the market, we’re proud that the guidance we offer, the information we provide and the tools we create are objective, independent, straightforward — and free.

So how do we make money? Our partners compensate us. This may influence which products we review and write about (and where those products appear on the site), but it in no way affects our recommendations or advice, which are grounded in thousands of hours of research. Our partners cannot pay us to guarantee favorable reviews of their products or services. Here is a list of our partners .

How to Write a Business Plan, Step by Step

Many, or all, of the products featured on this page are from our advertising partners who compensate us when you take certain actions on our website or click to take an action on their website. However, this does not influence our evaluations. Our opinions are our own. Here is a list of our partners and here's how we make money .

What is a business plan?

1. write an executive summary, 2. describe your company, 3. state your business goals, 4. describe your products and services, 5. do your market research, 6. outline your marketing and sales plan, 7. perform a business financial analysis, 8. make financial projections, 9. summarize how your company operates, 10. add any additional information to an appendix, business plan tips and resources.

A business plan outlines your business’s financial goals and explains how you’ll achieve them over the next three to five years. Here’s a step-by-step guide to writing a business plan that will offer a strong, detailed road map for your business.

LLC Formation

A business plan is a document that explains what your business does, how it makes money and who its customers are. Internally, writing a business plan should help you clarify your vision and organize your operations. Externally, you can share it with potential lenders and investors to show them you’re on the right track.

Business plans are living documents; it’s OK for them to change over time. Startups may update their business plans often as they figure out who their customers are and what products and services fit them best. Mature companies might only revisit their business plan every few years. Regardless of your business’s age, brush up this document before you apply for a business loan .

» Need help writing? Learn about the best business plan software .

This is your elevator pitch. It should include a mission statement, a brief description of the products or services your business offers and a broad summary of your financial growth plans.

Though the executive summary is the first thing your investors will read, it can be easier to write it last. That way, you can highlight information you’ve identified while writing other sections that go into more detail.

» MORE: How to write an executive summary in 6 steps

Next up is your company description. This should contain basic information like:

Your business’s registered name.

Address of your business location .

Names of key people in the business. Make sure to highlight unique skills or technical expertise among members of your team.

Your company description should also define your business structure — such as a sole proprietorship, partnership or corporation — and include the percent ownership that each owner has and the extent of each owner’s involvement in the company.

Lastly, write a little about the history of your company and the nature of your business now. This prepares the reader to learn about your goals in the next section.

» MORE: How to write a company overview for a business plan

The third part of a business plan is an objective statement. This section spells out what you’d like to accomplish, both in the near term and over the coming years.

If you’re looking for a business loan or outside investment, you can use this section to explain how the financing will help your business grow and how you plan to achieve those growth targets. The key is to provide a clear explanation of the opportunity your business presents to the lender.

For example, if your business is launching a second product line, you might explain how the loan will help your company launch that new product and how much you think sales will increase over the next three years as a result.

» MORE: How to write a successful business plan for a loan

In this section, go into detail about the products or services you offer or plan to offer.

You should include the following:

An explanation of how your product or service works.

The pricing model for your product or service.

The typical customers you serve.

Your supply chain and order fulfillment strategy.

You can also discuss current or pending trademarks and patents associated with your product or service.

Lenders and investors will want to know what sets your product apart from your competition. In your market analysis section , explain who your competitors are. Discuss what they do well, and point out what you can do better. If you’re serving a different or underserved market, explain that.

Here, you can address how you plan to persuade customers to buy your products or services, or how you will develop customer loyalty that will lead to repeat business.

Include details about your sales and distribution strategies, including the costs involved in selling each product .

» MORE: R e a d our complete guide to small business marketing

If you’re a startup, you may not have much information on your business financials yet. However, if you’re an existing business, you’ll want to include income or profit-and-loss statements, a balance sheet that lists your assets and debts, and a cash flow statement that shows how cash comes into and goes out of the company.

Accounting software may be able to generate these reports for you. It may also help you calculate metrics such as:

Net profit margin: the percentage of revenue you keep as net income.

Current ratio: the measurement of your liquidity and ability to repay debts.

Accounts receivable turnover ratio: a measurement of how frequently you collect on receivables per year.

This is a great place to include charts and graphs that make it easy for those reading your plan to understand the financial health of your business.

This is a critical part of your business plan if you’re seeking financing or investors. It outlines how your business will generate enough profit to repay the loan or how you will earn a decent return for investors.

Here, you’ll provide your business’s monthly or quarterly sales, expenses and profit estimates over at least a three-year period — with the future numbers assuming you’ve obtained a new loan.

Accuracy is key, so carefully analyze your past financial statements before giving projections. Your goals may be aggressive, but they should also be realistic.

NerdWallet’s picks for setting up your business finances:

The best business checking accounts .

The best business credit cards .

The best accounting software .

Before the end of your business plan, summarize how your business is structured and outline each team’s responsibilities. This will help your readers understand who performs each of the functions you’ve described above — making and selling your products or services — and how much each of those functions cost.

If any of your employees have exceptional skills, you may want to include their resumes to help explain the competitive advantage they give you.

Finally, attach any supporting information or additional materials that you couldn’t fit in elsewhere. That might include:

Licenses and permits.

Equipment leases.

Bank statements.

Details of your personal and business credit history, if you’re seeking financing.

If the appendix is long, you may want to consider adding a table of contents at the beginning of this section.

How much do you need?

with Fundera by NerdWallet

We’ll start with a brief questionnaire to better understand the unique needs of your business.

Once we uncover your personalized matches, our team will consult you on the process moving forward.

Here are some tips to write a detailed, convincing business plan:

Avoid over-optimism: If you’re applying for a business bank loan or professional investment, someone will be reading your business plan closely. Providing unreasonable sales estimates can hurt your chances of approval.

Proofread: Spelling, punctuation and grammatical errors can jump off the page and turn off lenders and prospective investors. If writing and editing aren't your strong suit, you may want to hire a professional business plan writer, copy editor or proofreader.

Use free resources: SCORE is a nonprofit association that offers a large network of volunteer business mentors and experts who can help you write or edit your business plan. The U.S. Small Business Administration’s Small Business Development Centers , which provide free business consulting and help with business plan development, can also be a resource.

On a similar note...

Find small-business financing

Compare multiple lenders that fit your business

Advertisement

American Express® Business Checking

Pricing Strategies and Models Explained

4 min. read

Updated January 18, 2024

What’s the right price for your product or service?

What price will make you profitable and attract customers?

Not sure? Keep reading to learn the basics of pricing strategy and setting the right price.

• What is a pricing strategy?

A pricing strategy is the overarching approach or plan a business uses to determine the price of its products or services. 

It considers various factors such as market conditions, competition, production costs, and the perceived value to the customer. The ultimate goal of a pricing strategy is to maximize profitability, maintain or grow market share, and ensure long-term sustainability while meeting the company’s other objectives.

• What is a pricing model?

A pricing model is the specific method used to set the price of a product or service. It provides a structure to implement your chosen pricing strategy.

What’s the difference?

The distinction between a pricing strategy and a pricing model lies in their scope, purpose, and application.

The pricing strategy aligns prices with business objectives, market conditions, and customer perceptions. A pricing strategy considers market entry tactics, customer psychology, brand positioning, and long-term market objectives. 

The pricing model is the mathematical method you use to create a specific price. It usually involves manufacturing costs, customer demand, and competitor pricing. 

Think of the strategy as the roadmap guiding where a company wants to go with its pricing and the model as the vehicle it uses to get there.

• Types of pricing strategies

1. Penetration pricing

Setting an initial low price to quickly attract customers and establish a market presence. Ideal for new entrants wanting rapid market share. 

Example: Streaming services offering discounted rates for the first three months.

Brought to you by

Create a professional business plan

Using ai and step-by-step instructions.

Secure funding

Validate ideas

Build a strategy

2. Price skimming

Starting with a high price and then reducing it over time. Suitable for innovative products. 

Example: New tech gadgets like smartphones often use this strategy.

3. Value-based pricing

Pricing based on the perceived value to the customer rather than production costs. Works best for unique products or services. 

Example: Luxury brands like Rolex or Louis Vuitton.

4. Competitive pricing

Setting prices based on competitor rates. Ideal for industries with many competitors offering similar products. 

Example: Supermarkets pricing staple goods.

5. Premium pricing

Charging a higher price to reflect a product’s premium status and quality. 

Example: Brands like Apple or Tesla.

6. Economy pricing

Offering no-frills products at a low price. Common in mass markets. 

Example: Budget airlines like Ryanair.

7. Bundle pricing

Grouping multiple products together at a discounted rate. Useful for increasing sales volume. 

Example: Cable TV packages.

8. Price leadership

Price leadership occurs when one dominant company, usually the largest or most influential in an industry, sets the price of a product or service, and other competitors in the market follow suit.

Example:  

OPEC often influences global oil prices by adjusting its production levels. 

9. Preemptive pricing

Intended to drive away competition or deter others from entering the marketplace by deliberately selling at below market prices (temporarily, of course).

Amazon launching the Kindle with e-books priced below typical hardcover prices. 

• Types of pricing models

1. Cost-plus pricing

Calculating the cost of production and adding a fixed gross margin. Common in retail. 

Example: A shirt that costs $20 to make might be sold for $40.

2. Geographic pricing

Adjusting prices based on location or region. 

Example: A software product priced differently for the U.S. versus India.

3. Dynamic pricing model

Prices change based on real-time factors. 

Example: Uber’s surge pricing during high demand.

4. Tiered pricing model

Different prices for varying levels of product features. See an example of how tiers and introductory pricing can be used to introduce and grow your business.

Example: Software packages with Basic, Pro, and Premium tiers.

5. Freemium model

Basic services are free, with charges for advanced features. 

Example: Spotify offers free music streaming but charges for an ad-free experience.

6. Subscription model

Recurring fee for product or service access. 

Example: Monthly Netflix subscriptions.

7. Pay-what-you-want model

Customers choose their price. Often seen in indie industries. 

Example: Some indie video games or music albums.

8. Volume-based pricing

Decreased price per unit with increased quantity. 

Example: Wholesale retailers like Costco.

9. License pricing model

One-time fee for product usage over a period. 

Example: Microsoft Office’s one-time purchase option.

10. High-low pricing model 

Products have a higher standard price but are frequently discounted. 

Example: Department stores having frequent sales.

• How to choose your pricing strategy

Selecting a pricing strategy comes down to cost, goals, and customer perception. Here’s how:

1. Set business objectives

Define clear goals, such as maximizing profit, penetrating the market, establishing a premium brand image, or achieving specific revenue targets. Your pricing should align with these objectives.

2. Understand your costs

Consider both direct costs (like raw materials and labor) and expenses (such as rent and marketing). Factor in variable costs that change with production volume and expenses that remain constant. Determine the break-even point to identify the minimum price needed to cover all expenses.

3. Analyze the competition

Research competitor prices and understand their value propositions. Identify their market positioning, whether premium or budget and observe any historical pricing trends or changes to gauge market reactions.

4. Know your audience

Understand your target audience’s demographics and what they value in a product. Gauge their price sensitivity and gather feedback on pricing preferences to ensure your price resonates with them.

5. Test and adjust

Before a broad rollout, test the new pricing on a segment of your audience. Refine your pricing based on customer input.

• More on pricing products and services

Check out our other startup pricing resources to turn your pricing strategy into profitable steps for your business.

• How to price your products
• How to price your services
• Mistakes to avoid when setting prices

Kody Wirth is a content writer and SEO specialist for Palo Alto Software—the creator's of Bplans and LivePlan. He has 3+ years experience covering small business topics and runs a part-time content writing service in his spare time.

Table of Contents

Related Articles

9 Min. Read

How to Start a Business From Scratch in 6 Easy Steps

3 Min. Read

How to Price a Product

6 Min. Read

What You Absolutely Cannot Afford to Forget When Pricing Your Products

Buying Your Way Into Entrepreneurship: What You Need to Know

The LivePlan Newsletter

Become a smarter, more strategic entrepreneur.

Your first monthly newsetter will be delivered soon..

Unsubscribe anytime. Privacy policy .

The quickest way to turn a business idea into a business plan

Fill-in-the-blanks and automatic financials make it easy.

No thanks, I prefer writing 40-page documents.

Discover the world’s #1 plan building software

Try Google Workspace for 14 days. And take Gemini for a test drive while you’re at it.

Every plan includes.

Featured add-on

Gemini for Workspace now available

• Custom and secure business email
• 100 participant video meetings
• 30 GB pooled storage per user*
• Security and management controls
• Standard Support
• 150 participant video meetings + recording
• 2 TB pooled storage per user*
• Standard Support (paid upgrade to Enhanced Support)
• Custom and secure business email + eDiscovery, retention
• 500 participant video meetings + recording, attendance tracking
• 5 TB pooled storage per user*
• Enhanced security and management controls, including Vault and advanced endpoint management
• Custom and secure business email + eDiscovery, retention, S/MIME encryption
• 1000 participant video meetings + recording, attendance tracking, noise cancellation, in-domain live streaming
• 5 TB pooled storage per user, with ability to request more*
• Advanced security, management, and compliance controls, including Vault, DLP, data regions, and enterprise endpoint management
• Enhanced Support (paid upgrade to Premium support)

Business Starter, Business Standard, and Business Plus plans can be purchased for a maximum of 300 users. There is no minimum or maximum user limit for Enterprise plans.

Google Workspace customers may have access to additional features for a limited promotional period.

• Google Workspace provides flexible pooled storage per user that is shared across the organization. Visit our Help Center to learn more about getting additional storage for your organization.

Productivity & Collaboration

Security & Management

Try Google Workspace for free

See why millions of businesses love and rely on Google Workspace for their business needs.

Top questions about Google Workspace pricing

Add-ons sold separately., generative ai.

Applications

Please enter a valid email address

• Afghanistan
• American Samoa
• Antigua and Barbuda
• Bosnia and Herzegovina
• Bouvet Island
• British Indian Ocean Territory
• British Virgin Islands
• Burkina Faso
• Cayman Islands
• Central African Republic
• Christmas Island
• Cocos [Keeling] Islands
• Congo [DRC]
• Congo [Republic]
• Cook Islands
• Côte d'Ivoire
• Czech Republic
• Dominican Republic
• El Salvador
• Equatorial Guinea
• Falkland Islands [Islas Malvinas]
• Faroe Islands
• French Guiana
• French Polynesia
• French Southern Territories
• Guinea-Bissau
• Heard Island and McDonald Islands
• Liechtenstein
• Macedonia [FYROM]
• Marshall Islands
• Netherlands
• Netherlands Antilles
• New Caledonia
• New Zealand
• Norfolk Island
• Northern Mariana Islands
• Papua New Guinea
• Philippines
• Pitcairn Islands
• Puerto Rico
• Saint Helena
• Saint Kitts and Nevis
• Saint Lucia
• Saint Pierre and Miquelon
• Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
• São Tomé and Príncipe
• Saudi Arabia
• Sierra Leone
• Solomon Islands
• South Africa
• South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
• South Korea
• Svalbard and Jan Mayen
• Switzerland
• Timor-Leste
• Trinidad and Tobago
• Turkmenistan
• Turks and Caicos Islands
• U.S. Outlying Islands
• U.S. Virgin Islands
• United Arab Emirates
• United Kingdom
• United States
• Vatican City
• Wallis and Futuna
• Western Sahara
• Follow our Blog
• Apps Script
• Work Insights
• New Business
• Small Business
• Manufacturing
• Professional Services
• Artificial Intelligence
• Compare pricing plans
• Gemini for Workspace
• Meet hardware
• Google Voice
• Working remotely
• Customer Stories
• Marketplace
• Integrations
• Training & Certification
• Refer Google Workspace
• Setup and Deployment Center
• Learning Center for Users
• Forums for Admins
• Google Workspace Dashboard
• What's New in Google Workspace
• Find a Google Workspace Partner
• Join the community of IT Admins

More from Google

• Google Cloud
• Google Domains
• Chrome Enterprise
• Google Business Solutions
• Business Messages
• Join User Studies

AI ASSISTANTS

Upmetrics AI Your go-to AI-powered business assistant

AI Writing Assist Write, translate, and refine your text with AI

AI Financial Assist Automated forecasts and AI recommendations

TOP FEATURES

AI Business Plan Generator Create business plans faster with AI

Financial Forecasting Make accurate financial forecasts faster

INTEGRATIONS

QuickBooks Sync and compare with your QuickBooks data

Strategic Planning Develop actionable strategic plans on-the-go

AI Pitch Deck Generator Use AI to generate your investor deck

Xero Sync and compare with your Xero data

See how easy it is to plan your business with Upmetrics: Take a Tour  →

AI-powered business planning software

Very useful business plan software connected to AI. Saved a lot of time, money and energy. Their team is highly skilled and always here to help.

- Julien López

BY USE CASE

Secure Funding, Loans, Grants Create plans that get you funded

Starting & Launching a Business Plan your business for launch and success

Validate Your Business Idea Discover the potential of your business idea

E2 Visa Business Plan Create a business plan to support your E2 - Visa

Business Consultant & Advisors Plan with your team members and clients

Incubators & Accelerators Empowering startups for growth

Business Schools & Educators Simplify business plan education for students

Students & Learners Your e-tutor for business planning

• Sample Plans

WHY UPMETRICS?

Reviews See why customers love Upmetrics

Customer Success Stories Read our customer success stories

Blogs Latest business planning tips and strategies

Strategic Planning Templates Ready-to-use strategic plan templates

Business Plan Course A step-by-step business planning course

Help Center Help & guides to plan your business

Ebooks & Guides A free resource hub on business planning

Business Tools Free business tools to help you grow

How to Write Pricing Strategy for Your Business Plan

Product and Service Description Workbook

• May 16, 2024
• 15 Min Read

You have finally created that awesome product. It’s now time to sell.

At what cost?

This is the question that troubles most businesses.

Price your products too high and you see low sales. Price it too low and you struggle to make profits.

What’s the sweet spot to finding a balance between profitability and business sustenance?

The answer is a smart pricing strategy in your business plan . But how to decide on a pricing strategy for your products?

This article is your answer.

In this guide to creating the right pricing strategy, we cover everything you need to know about a pricing strategy from A to Z.

Let’s decode the recipe to a pricing strategy that brings in both: great profit margins and happy customers.

What is a pricing strategy?

A pricing strategy is a model you use to decide the price of your products or services.

It is a critical component of your business plan, as it decides on how you:

• Make profits
• Compete against competitors
• Optimize conversion and lead generation

Creating the right pricing strategy means taking into account various factors such as market conditions, competition, production costs, perceived value to the customer, and so much more.

We agree it’s the hard part.

The main objective: Establish a price point that’s good enough to attract customers while also maintaining profitability for effective financial planning.

Why is pricing strategy critical to a business plan

A recent survey by Bain and Company found that roughly 85% of businesses are seeking an improvement in their pricing decision-making process. On the other hand, McKinsey contends that even a mere 1% increase in prices can result in an impressive 8% boost in profits.

Your business plan is a document that contains the goals of your company and how you plan to achieve them. A pricing strategy highlights how you will be making actual profits from your product offerings to achieve those goals.

The price you set reflects not only the value you assign to your brand’s products and customers but also serves as a pivotal factor that can either attract or deter potential buyers.

Let’s delve deeper into the benefits of the right pricing strategy in a business plan:

Establishes the road to profitability: Your pricing strategy determines your profit margins. By understanding your costs and competitors’ pricing, you can set a price that ensures profitability and sustainability for your business.

Enables better market positioning: An optimized pricing strategy helps you put your products and services in the correct price bracket. It guides your business and helps you decide which market position to occupy for the best chances of success.

Helps project demand: With a good pricing strategy, you can project and satisfy the demand for your product or service. Choosing the optimal pricing strategy (such as skimming, penetration, or value-based pricing) will help you manage demand fluctuations and optimize sales volume. This makes your business plan stronger.

Helps project ROI: You also get a rough idea regarding your sales goals with a strong pricing strategy based on competitor and marketing analysis.

Enhances chances for funding: If you’re a startup seeking funding, a strong and thoroughly analyzed pricing can highly strengthen to secure funding.

With an understanding of the criticality behind integrating a pricing strategy into your business plan, it’s now time to explore some real-world pricing strategies before you come to designing your own.

Choosing the best pricing strategy for your business

“You know you’re priced right when your customers complain—but buy anyway.” — John Harrison

You know what it is, and you know why you need it. But which strategy should you implement? What’s the best one for you?

Let’s get you out of all these conundrums with our comprehensive list of best pricing plan strategy examples.

Competitive pricing

The competitive pricing strategy involves setting your prices based on what your competitors are charging for similar products and services.

As such, it’s ideal for businesses venturing into markets that sell similar products such as groceries or retail stores.

Think of how airline prices for a particular destination all rise up together during holidays.

A competitive pricing strategy is used both in B2B and B2C sectors like communication services, retail stores, grocery, telecom market, and more.

Essentially, you can implement this strategy by:

• Setting your prices below competitors’
• Setting your prices similar to your competitors’
• Setting your prices a little above your competitors

What approach you choose depends on how well you know your market or customer. For instance, if you price your goods a bit lower, you may attract more customers. However, you must make sure not to attract big losses.

If you decide to set your product prices higher than your competitors, you’ll want to draw on some ideas from value-based pricing strategies that help clarify why you are charging more for your products. Are you offering better quality? Are you treating customers better?

Marketing efforts like a refund scheme, better customer experience, and more will play a crucial role in justifying the higher cost to customers.

Best for: Both B2B and B2C sectors like communication services, retail stores, grocery, telecom market, and others with stiff competition . Works best if your product offers more value than the competition.

Value-based pricing

The value-based pricing method works based on what your customers think the value of your product should be.

Thus, the price is dependent on what the customer is willing to pay (WTP price) for your product.

Depending on the value that you bring to your customers’ business or life, you get a chance to price your products much higher than the actual production cost.

Think of how a fine-dining restaurant sets its price. While it may seem exorbitant to some, patrons willing to throw in that amount happily visit such a place.

This technique is well used by B2C or B2B service providers, freelancers, and experts who teach a specific skill.

Best for: This technique is well used by B2C or B2B service providers, freelancers, and experts who teach a specific skill.

Apple, in particular, is notorious for using this strategy to demand excessive prices for products that are either only slightly better or equivalent to their counterparts.

Cost-plus pricing

The cost-plus pricing strategy pulls us away from a “willing to pay” towards a more business-centric approach. This strategy, aptly named markup pricing, involves taking into account the production cost and simply adding an extra dollar value to it.

Cost-plus pricing, in a nutshell:

My production costs + Markup price = My selling price.

If you plan to sell a product that costs you $100 to produce. Simply speaking, you now need to sell the product at a higher price to earn a profit.

If you want a 20% profit margin, you have to sell at $120. If you want a 15% profit margin, you sell at $115. Pretty easy, right?

With the cost-plus strategy, it becomes easy for you to get a rough draft regarding the profits you can generate depending on the volume of your sales.

So, let’s say you have a profit goal of $10000 and a profit margin of 20% with each product costing $100 to make.

Thus, your sales goal should be

$10000/$20 = 500

You need to sell 500 units to reach that goal.

Best for: Cost-plus pricing strategies are commonly employed in B2C retail settings such as grocery stores, big-box stores, and convenience stores.

Economy pricing

In the economy pricing strategy, you sell products at a bargain price, i.e. at the lowest price to get your potential customers to start buying your products.

While this method might seem quite similar to competitive pricing, there is a hidden catch.

Unlike competitive pricing, economy pricing targets those customers who may be okay with a slightly lower product quality or those who don’t care about brand image.

By sourcing cheaper supplies and streamlining features, you can offer extremely low prices for your goods while remaining profitable.

Best for: This strategy is usually employed in the B2C industry. For instance, large retail stores and food delivery services often use this method.

You might have noticed a retail chain’s cheaper alternative sugar packet stocked right beside the branded ones. Another great example includes generic drugs—they are priced lower because they come with lower production costs.

Premium pricing

The premium strategy is exactly the opposite of the economy pricing strategy. Instead of selling products at their cheapest, you hike up the price to give customers the essence of a luxury product.

Of course, companies do add some additional value to their products but the bulk of the pricing comes from the perception of the product as high-end by the customer.

Best for: This pricing approach is generally employed by companies that manufacture upscale B2C goods, such as luxury cars, cosmetics, and devices. B2B companies also use it.

Psychological pricing

The psychological pricing strategy plays with the psyche of your customers to make them want to buy your stuff.

For instance, one of the most popular and widely used techniques in this strategy is the 9-digit effect. It suggests that even though a product priced at $9.99 is essentially $10, customers perceive it as a better deal due to the presence of the “9” in the price.

Placing the target product next to an expensive alternative, giving good deals, tweaking your typography, and inducing FOMO (fear of missing out) are some other basic ways to subtly manipulate buyer psychology.

Best for: This strategy is suitable both for B2B and B2C products. You must understand your customers.

Dynamic pricing

Dynamic pricing goes by many names—surge pricing, demand pricing, or time-based pricing. And as the names suggest, it is a pricing strategy that is flexible in nature and is catered to adjust to the fluctuating market and customer demands.

Dynamic pricing lives and dies with your monitoring and analysis capabilities. You need to stay on top of various metrics like supply and demand, spatio-temporality, customer preferences, and more.

Best for: This strategy suits both B2B and B2C customers. Travel prices are one of the most dynamically priced as you might have noticed airlines or cab services changing their prices depending on your time, location, and demand.

Penetration pricing

In this strategy, you enter the market with a low baseline price for your products. That attracts customers and you set up your market presence. This helps you pull customers away from competitors who demand higher prices for similar products. That’s what the penetration strategy is all about.

Do note that this strategy may not be always sustainable in the long run. This requires you to have a suitable plan in place once you establish a suitable foothold in the market.

Best for: Both B2B and B2C companies can make ample use of this service. We see it in use in telecom services, bulk retailers, and mostly by other market newbies who are trying to establish a presence.

Uber made great use of this strategy. They started with a customer-centric strategy where rides were cheaper than the competing taxi service.

Price skimming strategy

As a complete opposite to the penetration strategy, we have price skimming, where you start off with a high price and slowly bring it down.

Price skimming works best when you are stepping into a market where there’s not a lot of competition, focusing on a specific bunch of customers, and really highlighting the value of your product or service.

Of course, this comes with a hefty upfront investment in marketing and promotional campaigns.

Once more players start popping up in your market, you’ve got a chance to drop your prices a bit and snag a larger slice of the customer pie.

Best for: This strategy should be reserved for innovative products and sectors, both B2B and B2C.

Take the Apple iPhone, for instance. They frequently employ a price-skimming strategy when they first release a new model. But once competitors like the Samsung Galaxy hit the market or they release newer models, Apple adjusts the price downward to maintain a competitive edge

Steps to design an ideal business pricing strategy

We covered a whole lot of potential pricing strategies that can make way into your business plan. However, you still need to decide which one is the most suitable for your business and how you can implement it. Let’s help you with that with some easy-to-follow steps:

Step 1: Secure your business goals

The first and most important step is to understand what your business needs. You need to discern what your pricing should depend on.

Is it increasing profitability, improving cash flow, extending your market share, beating a competitor, reaching out to a new audience, or introducing a new product?

Your entire pricing strategy will depend on these factors. Choose wisely.

Step 2: Undertake a thorough analysis of the market pricing

Ensure that your pricing strategy is suitable for both internal affairs and market conditions.

For instance, if the market you choose is saturated, you must gear up for competition and go for something on the lines of a competitive pricing approach. On the flip side, if it’s a new market, you can go for a value-based pricing approach.

Step 3: Understand your target audience

Why should your customers purchase your products? What will they buy and how should you provide it to them? Is it a premium customer base? Or are you targeting price-sensitive customers?

These are essential questions you need to find the answer to. It is only by knowing your target audience and your Ideal Customer persona that you can initiate and maintain your sales.

Opening a fine-dine restaurant in a Tier-2 city? Value-based or premium pricing can work. Opening another cafe in a metro city? You’re in for competitive or economy pricing.

Step 4: Analyze your competitors

Identify at least three direct competitors and analyze how they structure their pricing. Take a look at whether they break down their pricing into components and offer significant discounts. This gives you a solid idea of how to price your own products.

Check if they bundle products or solutions with others. Look into value-based pricing, where clients pay a percentage of the perceived return on investment. When considering substitutes, think about what options customers might use and their costs.

Remember, sometimes the best solution is the decision to do nothing. Consider self-solutions or choosing not to address the issue, along with alternatives from indirect vendors.

Step 5: Draft a pricing strategy and a plan to implement it

Now that you have gathered enough info to design and draft your pricing strategy, this is the stage where you finalize everything and move on to the implementation stage. Depending on the above metrics, you can choose one of the aforementioned strategies.

We have already discussed the different pricing strategies. Pick one after you have thoroughly analyzed your market, competitors, production costs, and overarching business goals.

Here’s a quick cheat sheet for choosing and implementing the right strategy for you:

• Value pricing: Understand the value for your customers and their willingness to pay. Also, understand what alternatives they have.
• Competitive pricing: Set the price equal to what your competitors are charging and win the service game.
• Psychological pricing: Price products or services in a way that triggers action. For example, charging .99 instead of $1.00.
• Promotional pricing: Discounts over a period of time or one-time deals.
• Price skimming: Enter the market with a high price, but once your competitors follow, lower your cost and implement other pricing strategies.
• Economy pricing: Everyday low price with a focus on low manufacturing/delivery costs.
• Penetration pricing: Set a price artificially low to break into the market.

Step 6: Keep refining and be flexible with your approach

Don’t stress over finding the absolute perfect price. Instead, come up with a few options and give them a test run with your customers. You might be surprised to find that you can actually sell at a higher price than you thought with the right strategy.

But you won’t know until you try it out with potential customers. If the price doesn’t seem to work, take a look at any feedback you receive, tweak your pricing, and give it another shot

Tips to keep in mind:

• Try to Communicate with and understand your target customers. Know how much they can pay, what they are interested in, and how you can give them the best value. A good way is to use feedback forms.
• Always be flexible. If your pricing strategy doesn’t work, it’s time to research, experiment with different prices and adapt.

Bain and Company’s original research on pricing strategies also suggests useful tips. Make sure your sales staff is a part of your pricing and marketing strategy. If your pricing strategy is truly flexible that must also translate to better incentives for your sales team so they can sell more and sell better.

Get Started With Your Own Business Plan With Upmetrics

We just covered everything about pricing strategies. They are so critical to business planning as they help formulate your business goals, organize inventory plans, and increase your chances of achieving business goals.

However, there is so much more to a business plan than just pricing. If you want help creating a business plan from scratch, consider Upmetrics. It offers a collection of 400+ sample business plans for ideas and inspiration. Furthermore, AI assistance and automated financials make the process even easier for new users.

Interested? Try Upmetrics today!

Build your Business Plan Faster

with step-by-step Guidance & AI Assistance.

Frequently Asked Questions

A pricing strategy is a method used to determine the price of products or services, taking into account factors like market conditions, competition, production costs, and perceived value to customers.

How does a pricing strategy benefit you?

A pricing strategy helps in making profits, competing against competitors, optimizing conversion, and lead generation. It also draws in more customers, balances pricing, determines profitability, and assists in meeting customer expectations.

How should you choose the best strategy for your company?

To choose the best pricing strategy for your company, you should secure your business goals, analyze market pricing, understand your target audience, analyze competitors, draft a pricing strategy, and plan to implement it based on factors like value, competition, product positioning, and customer behavior.

About the Author

Upmetrics Team

Upmetrics is the #1 business planning software that helps entrepreneurs and business owners create investment-ready business plans using AI. We regularly share business planning insights on our blog. Check out the Upmetrics blog for such interesting reads. Read more

Reach Your Goals with Accurate Planning

The Ultimate Guide to Pricing Strategies & Models

Discover how to properly price your products, services, or events so you can drive both revenue and profit.

FREE SALES PRICING CALCULATOR

Determine the best pricing strategy for your business with this free calculator and template.

Published: 08/16/23

Pricing your products and services can be tough. Set prices too high, and you miss out on valuable sales. Set them too low, and you miss out on valuable revenue.

Thankfully, pricing doesn’t have to be a sacrifice or a shot in the dark. There are dozens of pricing models and strategies that can help you better understand how to set the right prices for your audience and revenue goals.

That’s why we’ve created this guide.

Whether you’re a business beginner or a pricing pro, the tactics and strategies in this guide will get you comfortable with pricing your products. Bookmark this guide for later and use the chapter links to jump around to sections of interest.

Pricing Strategy

Types of pricing strategies, how to create a pricing strategy, pricing models based on industry or business.

Conducting a Pricing Analysis

Pricing Strategy Examples

A pricing strategy is a model or method used to establish the best price for a product or service. It helps you choose prices to maximize profits and shareholder value while considering consumer and market demand.

If only pricing was as simple as its definition — there’s a lot that goes into the process.

Pricing strategies account for many of your business factors, like revenue goals, marketing objectives, target audience, brand positioning, and product attributes. They’re also influenced by external factors like consumer demand, competitor pricing, and overall market and economic trends.

It’s not uncommon for entrepreneurs and business owners to skim over pricing. They often look at the cost of their products (COGS) , consider their competitor’s rates, and tweak their own selling price by a few dollars. While your COGS and competitors are important, they shouldn’t be at the center of your pricing strategy.

The best pricing strategy maximizes your profit and revenue.

Before we talk about pricing strategies, let’s review an important pricing concept that will apply regardless of what strategies you use.

Free Sales Pricing Strategy Calculator

• Cost-Plus Pricing
• Skimming Strategy
• Value-Based Pricing

Download Free

All fields are required.

You're all set!

Click this link to access this resource at any time.

Determine the Best Pricing Strategy For Your Business

Fill out this form to access the free template., price elasticity of demand.

Price elasticity of demand is used to determine how a change in price affects consumer demand.

If consumers still purchase a product despite a price increase (such as cigarettes and fuel) that product is considered inelastic .

On the other hand, elastic products suffer from pricing fluctuations (such as cable TV and movie tickets).

You can calculate price elasticity using the formula:

% Change in Quantity ÷ % Change in Price = Price Elasticity of Demand

The concept of price elasticity helps you understand whether your product or service is sensitive to price fluctuations. Ideally, you want your product to be inelastic — so that demand remains stable if prices do fluctuate.

Cost, Margin, & Markup in Pricing

To choose a pricing strategy, it’s also essential to understand the role of cost, margin, and markup — especially if you’d like your pricing to be cost-based . Let’s dive into the definition for each.

Cost refers to the fees you incur from manufacturing, sourcing, or creating the product you sell. That includes the materials themselves, the cost of labor, the fees paid to suppliers, and even the losses. Cost doesn’t include overhead and operational expenses such as marketing, advertising, maintenance, or bills.

Margin (in this case, gross margin) refers to the amount your business earns after you subtract manufacturing costs.

Markup refers to the additional amount you charge for your product over the production and manufacturing fees.

Now, let’s cover some common pricing strategies. As we do so, it’s important to note that these aren’t necessarily standalone strategies — many can be combined when setting prices for your products and services.

• Competition-Based Pricing
• Dynamic Pricing
• High-Low Pricing
• Penetration Pricing
• Skimming Pricing
• Psychological Pricing
• Geographic Pricing

Now, let's dive into the descriptions of each pricing strategy — many of which are included in the template below — so you can learn about what makes each of them unique.

Discover how much your business can earn using different pricing strategies with HubSpot's free sales pricing calculator so you can choose the best pricing model for your business.

Download Template

1. competition-based pricing strategy.

Competition-based pricing is also known as competitive pricing or competitor-based pricing. This pricing strategy focuses on the existing market rate (or going rate ) for a company’s product or service; it doesn’t take into account the cost of their product or consumer demand.

Instead, a competition-based pricing strategy uses the competitors’ prices as a benchmark. Businesses who compete in a highly saturated space may choose this strategy since a slight price difference may be the deciding factor for customers.

With competition-based pricing , you can price your products slightly below your competition, the same as your competition, or slightly above your competition. For example, if you sold marketing automation software , and your competitors’ prices ranged from $19.99 per month to $39.99 per month, you’d choose a price between those two numbers.

Whichever price you choose, competitive pricing is one way to stay on top of the competition and keep your pricing dynamic.

Competition-Based Pricing Strategy in Marketing

Consumers are primarily looking for the best value which isn’t always the same as the lowest price. Pricing your products and services competitively in the market can put your brand in a better position to win a customer’s business. Competitive pricing works especially well when your business offers something the competition doesn’t — like exceptional customer service, a generous return policy, or access to exclusive loyalty benefits .

2. Cost-Plus Pricing Strategy

A cost-plus pricing strategy focuses solely on the cost of producing your product or service, or your COGS . It’s also known as markup pricing since businesses who use this strategy “markup” their products based on how much they’d like to profit.

To apply the cost-plus method, add a fixed percentage to your product production cost. For example, let’s say you sold shoes. The shoes cost $25 to make, and you want to make a $25 profit on each sale. You’d set a price of $50, which is a markup of 100%.

Cost-plus pricing is typically used by retailers who sell physical products. This strategy isn’t the best fit for service-based or SaaS companies as their products typically offer far greater value than the cost to create them.

Cost-Plus Pricing Strategy in Marketing

Cost-plus pricing works well when the competition is pricing using the same model. It won’t help you attract new customers if your competition is working to acquire customers rather than growing profits. Before executing this strategy, complete a pricing analysis that includes your closest competitors to make sure this strategy will help you meet your goals.

3. Dynamic Pricing Strategy

Dynamic pricing is also known as surge pricing, demand pricing, or time-based pricing. It’s a flexible pricing strategy where prices fluctuate based on market and customer demand.

Hotels, airlines, event venues, and utility companies use dynamic pricing by applying algorithms that consider competitor pricing, demand, and other factors. These algorithms allow companies to shift prices to match when and what the customer is willing to pay at the exact moment they’re ready to make a purchase.

Dynamic Pricing Strategy in Marketing

Dynamic pricing can help keep your marketing plans on track. Your team can plan for promotions in advance and configure the pricing algorithm you use to launch the promotion price at the perfect time. You can even A/B test dynamic pricing in real-time to maximize your profits.

4. High-Low Pricing Strategy

A high-low pricing strategy is when a company initially sells a product at a high price but lowers that price when the product drops in novelty or relevance. Discounts, clearance sections, and year-end sales are examples of high-low pricing in action — hence the reason why this strategy may also be called a discount pricing strategy.

High-low pricing is commonly used by retail firms that sell seasonal items or products that change often, such as clothing, decor, and furniture. What makes a high/low pricing strategy appealing to sellers? Consumers enjoy anticipating sales and discounts, hence why Black Friday and other universal discount days are so popular.

High-Low Pricing Strategy in Marketing

If you want to keep the foot traffic steady in your stores year-round, a high-low pricing strategy can help. By evaluating the popularity of your products during particular periods throughout the year, you can leverage low pricing to increase sales during traditionally slow months.

5. Penetration Pricing Strategy

Contrasted with skimming pricing, a penetration pricing strategy is when companies enter the market with an extremely low price, effectively drawing attention (and revenue) away from higher-priced competitors. Penetration pricing isn’t sustainable in the long run, however, and is typically applied for a short time.

This pricing method works best for brand new businesses looking for customers or for businesses that are breaking into an existing, competitive market. The strategy is all about disruption and temporary loss … and hoping that your initial customers stick around as you eventually raise prices.

(Another tangential strategy is loss leader pricing , where retailers attract customers with intentionally low-priced items in hopes that they’ll buy other, higher-priced products, too. This is precisely how stores like Target get you — and me.)

Penetration Pricing Strategy in Marketing

Penetration pricing has similar implications as freemium pricing — the money won’t come in overnight. But with enough value and a great product or service, you could continue to make money and scale your business as you increase prices. One tip for this pricing strategy is to market the value of the products you sell and let price be a secondary point.

6. Skimming Pricing Strategy

A skimming pricing strategy is when companies charge the highest possible price for a new product and then lower the price over time as the product becomes less and less popular. Skimming is different from high-low pricing in that prices are lowered gradually over time.

Technology products, such as DVD players, video game consoles, and smartphones, are typically priced using this strategy as they become less relevant over time. A skimming pricing strategy helps recover sunk costs and sell products well beyond their novelty, but the strategy can also annoy consumers who bought at full price and attract competitors who recognize the “fake” pricing margin as prices are lowered.

Skimming Pricing Strategy in Marketing

Skimming pricing strategy can work well if you sell products that have products with varying life cycle lengths. One product may come in and out of popularity quickly so you have a short time to skim your profits in the beginning stages of the life cycle. On the flip side, a product that has a longer life cycle can stay at a higher price for more time. You’ll be able to maintain your marketing efforts for each product more effectively without constantly adjusting your pricing across every product you sell.

7. Value-Based Pricing Strategy

A value-based pricing strategy is when companies price their products or services based on what the customer is willing to pay. Even if it can charge more for a product, the company decides to set its prices based on customer interest and data.

If used accurately, value-based pricing can boost your customer sentiment and loyalty. It can also help you prioritize your customers in other facets of your business, like marketing and service.

On the flip side, value-based pricing requires you to constantly be in tune with your various customer profiles and buyer personas and possibly vary your prices based on those differences.

Value-Based Pricing Strategy in Marketing

Marketing to your customers should always lead with value, so having a value-based pricing model should help strengthen the demand for your products and services. Just be sure that your audiences are distinct enough in what they’re willing to pay for — you don’t want to run into trouble by charging more or less based on off-limits criteria .

8. Psychological Pricing Strategy

Psychological pricing is what it sounds like — it targets human psychology to boost your sales.

For example, according to the " 9-digit effect ", even though a product that costs $99.99 is essentially $100, customers may see this as a good deal simply because of the "9" in the price.

Another way to use psychological pricing would be to place a more expensive item directly next to (either, in-store or online) the one you're most focused on selling . Or offer a "buy one, get one 50% off (or free)" deal that makes customers feel as though the circumstances are too good to pass up on.

And lastly, changing the font, size, and color of your pricing information on and around your products has also been proven, in various instances, to boost sales.

Psychological Pricing Strategy in Marketing

Psychological pricing strategy requires an intimate understanding of your target market to yield the best results. If your customers are inclined to discounts and coupons, appealing to this desire through your marketing can help this product meet their psychological need to save money. If paying for quality is important to your audience, having the lowest price on the shelf might not help you reach your sales goals. Regardless of the motivations your customers have for paying a certain price for a product, your pricing and marketing should appeal to those motivations.

9. Geographic Pricing Strategy

Geographic pricing is when products or services are priced differently depending on geographical location or market.

This strategy may be used if a customer from another country is making a purchase or if there are disparities in factors like the economy or wages (from the location in which you're selling a good to the location of the person it is being sold to).

Geographic Pricing Strategy in Marketing

Marketing a geographically priced product or service is easy thanks to paid social media advertising. Segmenting by zip code, city, or even region can be accomplished at a low cost with accurate results. Even as specific customers travel or permanently move, your pricing model will remain the same which helps you maintain your marketing costs.

Download our free guide to creating buyer personas to easily organize your audience segments and make your marketing stronger.

Like we said above, these strategies aren’t necessarily meant to stand alone. We encourage you to mix and match these methods as needed.

Below, we cover more specific pricing models for individual products.

Pricing Models

While your pricing strategy may determine how your company sets fees for its offerings overall , the below pricing models can help you set prices for specific product lines. Let's take a look.

1. Freemium

A combination of the words “free” and “premium,” freemium pricing is when companies offer a basic version of their product hoping that users will eventually pay to upgrade or access more features.

Unlike cost-plus, freemium is a pricing model commonly used by SaaS and other software companies. They choose this model because free trials and limited memberships offer a peek into a software’s full functionality — and also build trust with a potential customer before purchase.

With freemium, a company’s prices must be a function of the perceived value of their products. For example, companies that offer a free version of their software can’t ask users to pay $100 to transition to the paid version. Prices must present a low barrier to entry and grow incrementally as customers are offered more features and benefits.

Freemium Pricing in Marketing

Freemium pricing may not make your business a lot of money on the initial acquisition of a customer, but it gives you access to the customer which is just as valuable. With access to their email inboxes, phone number, and any other contact information you gather in exchange for the free product, you can nurture the customer into a brand loyal advocate with a worthwhile LTV .

2. Premium Pricing

Also known as prestige pricing and luxury pricing, a premium pricing model is when companies price their products high to present the image that their products are high-value, luxury, or premium. Prestige pricing focuses on the perceived value of a product rather than the actual value or production cost.

Prestige pricing is a direct function of brand awareness and brand perception. Brands that apply this pricing method are known for providing value and status through their products — which is why they’re priced higher than other competitors. Fashion and technology are often priced using this model because they can be marketed as luxurious, exclusive, and rare.

Premium Pricing in Marketing

Premium pricing is quite dependent upon the perception of your product within the market. There are a few ways to market your product in order to influence a premium perception of it including using influencers, controlling supply, and driving up demand.

3. Hourly Pricing

Hourly pricing, also known as rate-based pricing, is commonly used by consultants, freelancers, contractors, and other individuals or laborers who provide business services. Hourly pricing is essentially trading time for money. Some clients are hesitant to honor this pricing strategy as it can reward labor instead of efficiency.

Hourly Pricing in Marketing

If your business thrives on quick, high-volume projects, hourly pricing can be just the incentive for customers to work with you. By breaking down your prices into hourly chunks, customers can make the decision to work with you based on a low price point rather than finding room in their budget for an expensive project-based commitment.

4. Bundle Pricing

Bundle pricing is when you offer (or "bundle") two or more complementary products or services together and sell them for a single price. You may choose to sell your bundled products or services only as part of a bundle, or sell them as both components of bundles and individual products.

This is a great way to add value through your offerings to customers who are willing to pay extra upfront for more than one product. It can also help you get your customers hooked on more than one of your products faster.

Bundle Pricing in Marketing

Marketing bundle deals can help you sell more products than you would otherwise sell individually. It’s a smart way to upsell and cross-sell your offerings in a way that is beneficial for the customer and your revenue goals.

5. Project-Based Pricing

Project-based pricing is the opposite of hourly pricing — this approach charges a flat fee per project instead of a direct exchange of money for time. It is also used by consultants, freelancers, contractors, and other individuals or laborers who provide business services.

Project-based pricing may be estimated based on the value of the project deliverables. Those who choose this pricing model may also create a flat fee from the estimated time of the project.

Project-Based Pricing in Marketing

Leading with the benefits a customer will derive from working with your business on a project can make project-based pricing more appealing. Although the cost of the project may be steep, the one-time investment can be worth it. Your clients will know that they’ll be able to work with you until the project is completed rather than until their allotted hours are depleted.

6. Subscription Pricing

Subscription pricing is a common pricing model at SaaS companies, online retailers, and even agencies who offer subscription packages for their services.

Whether you offer flat rate subscriptions or tiered subscriptions, the benefits of this model are endless. For one, you have all but guaranteed monthly recurring revenue (MRR) and yearly recurring revenue. That makes it simpler to calculate your profits on a monthly basis. It also often leads to higher customer lifetime values .

The one thing to be wary of when it comes to subscription pricing is the high potential for customer churn . People cancel subscriptions all the time, so it's essential to have a customer retention strategy in place to ensure clients keep their subscriptions active.

Subscription Pricing in Marketing

When marketing your subscription products, it's essential to create buyer personas for each tier. That way, you know which features to include and what will appeal to each buyer. A general subscription that appeals to everyone won't pull in anyone.

Even Amazon, which offers flat-rate pricing for its Prime subscription, includes a membership for students. That allows them to market the original Prime more effectively by creating a sense of differentiation.

Now, let’s discuss how to build a pricing strategy of your own liking.

1. Evaluate pricing potential.

You want to make a strategy that is optimal for your unique business. To begin, you need to evaluate your pricing potential. This is the approximate product or service pricing your business can potentially achieve in regard to cost, demand, and more.

Some factors that can affect your pricing potential include:

• Geographical market specifics
• Operating costs
• Inventories
• Demand fluctuations
• Competitive advantages and concerns
• Demographic data

We’ll dive deeper into demographic data in the next step.

2. Determine your buyer personas.

You have to price your product on the type of buyer persona that’s looking for it. When you look at your ideal customer, you’ll have to look at their:

• Customer Lifetime Value
• Willingness to Pay
• Customer Pain Points

To aid in this process, interview customers and prospects to see what they do and like, and ask for your sales team’s feedback on the best leads and their characteristics.

3. Analyze historical data.

Take a look at your previous pricing strategies. You can calculate the difference in closed deals, churn data , or sold product on different pricing strategies that your business has worked with before and look at which were the most successful.

4. Strike a balance between value and business goals.

When developing your pricing strategy, you want to make sure the price is good to your bottom line and your buyer personas. This compromise will better help your business and customer pool, with the intentions of:

• Increasing profitability
• Improving cash flow
• Market penetration
• Expanding market share

5. Look at competitor pricing.

You can’t make a pricing strategy without conducting research on your competitors’ offerings. You’ll have to decide between two main choices when you see the price difference for your same product or service:

• Beat your competitors’ price - If a competitor is charging more for the same offering as your brand, then make the price more affordable.
• Beat your competitors’ value - Also known as value-based pricing , you can potentially price your offering higher than your competitors if the value provided to the customer is greater.

To see the competition’s full product or service offering, conduct a full competitive analysis so you can see their strengths and weaknesses, and make your pricing strategy accordingly.

So we’ve gone over how to create a pricing strategy, now let’s discuss how to apply these steps to different businesses and industries.

Not every pricing strategy is applicable to every business. Some strategies are better suited for physical products whereas others work best for SaaS companies. Here are examples of some common pricing models based on industry and business.

Product Pricing Model

Unlike digital products or services, physical products incur hard costs (like shipping, production, and storage) that can influence pricing. A product pricing strategy should consider these costs and set a price that maximizes profit, supports research and development, and stands up against competitors.

👉🏼 We recommend these pricing strategies when pricing physical products : cost-plus pricing, competitive pricing, prestige pricing, and value-based pricing.

Digital Product Pricing Model

Digital products, like software, online courses, and digital books, require a different approach to pricing because there’s no tangible offering or unit economics (production cost) involved. Instead, prices should reflect your brand, industry, and overall value of your product.

👉🏼 We recommend using these pricing strategies when pricing digital products: competition-based pricing, freemium pricing, and value-based pricing.

Restaurant Pricing Model

Restaurant pricing is unique in that physical costs, overhead costs, and service costs are all involved. You must also consider your customer base, overall market trends for your location and cuisine, and the cost of food — as all of these can fluctuate.

👉🏼 We recommend using these pricing strategies when pricing at restaurants: cost-plus pricing, premium pricing, and value-based pricing.

Event Pricing Model

Events can’t be accurately measured by production cost (not unlike the digital products we discussed above). Instead, event value is determined by the cost of marketing and organizing the event as well as the speakers, entertainers, networking, and the overall experience — and the ticket prices should reflect these factors.

👉🏼 We recommend using these pricing strategies when pricing live events: competition-based pricing, dynamic pricing, and value-based pricing.

Services Pricing Model

Business services can be hard to price due to their intangibility and lack of direct production cost. Much of the service value comes from the service provider’s ability to deliver and the assumed caliber of their work. Freelancers and contractors , in particular, must adhere to a services pricing strategy.

👉🏼 We recommend using these pricing strategies when pricing services: hourly pricing, project-based pricing, and value-based pricing.

Nonprofit Pricing Model

Nonprofits need pricing strategies, too — a pricing strategy can help nonprofits optimize all processes so they’re successful over an extended period of time.

A nonprofit pricing strategy should consider current spending and expenses, the breakeven number for their operation, ideal profit margin, and how the strategy will be communicated to volunteers, licensees, and anyone else who needs to be informed. A nonprofit pricing strategy is unique because it often calls for a combination of elements that come from a few pricing strategies.

👉🏼 We recommend using these pricing strategies when pricing nonprofits: competitive pricing, cost-plus pricing, demand pricing, and hourly pricing.

Education Pricing Model

Education encompasses a wide range of costs that are important to consider depending on the level of education, private or public education, and education program/ discipline.

Specific costs to consider in an education pricing strategy are tuition, scholarships, additional fees (labs, books, housing, meals, etc.). Other important factors to note are competition among similar schools, demand (number of student applications), number and costs of professors/ teachers, and attendance rates.

👉🏼 We recommend using these pricing strategies when pricing education: competitive pricing, cost-based pricing, and premium pricing.

Real Estate Pricing Model

Real estate encompasses home value estimates, market competition, housing demand, and cost of living. There are other factors that play a role in real estate pricing models including potential bidding wars, housing estimates and benchmarks (which are available through real estate agents but also through free online resources like Zillow ), and seasonal shifts in the real estate market.

👉🏼 We recommend using these pricing strategies when pricing real estate: competitive pricing, dynamic pricing, premium pricing, and value-based pricing.

Agency Pricing Model

Agency pricing models impact your profitability, retention rates, customer happiness, and how you market and sell your agency. When developing and evolving your agency’s pricing model, it’s important to take into consideration different ways to optimize it so you can determine the best way to boost the business's profits.

👉🏼 We recommend using these pricing strategies when pricing agencies: hourly pricing, project-based pricing, and value-based pricing.

Manufacturing Pricing Model

The manufacturing industry is complex — there are a number of moving parts and your manufacturing pricing model is no different. Consider product evolution, demand, production cost, sale price, unit sales volume, and any other costs related to your process and product. Another key part to a manufacturing pricing strategy is understanding the maximum amount the market will pay for your specific product to allow for the greatest profit.

👉🏼 We recommend using these pricing strategies when pricing manufacturing: competitive pricing, cost-plus pricing, and value-based pricing.

Ecommerce Pricing Model

Ecommerce pricing models are how you determine the price at which you’ll sell your online products and what it'll cost you to do so. Meaning, you must think about what your customers are willing to pay for your online products and what those products cost you to purchase and/or create. You might also factor in your online campaigns to promote these products as well as how easy it is for your customers to find similar products to yours on the ecommerce sites of your competitors.

👉🏼 We recommend using these pricing strategies when pricing ecommerce: competitive pricing, cost-based pricing, dynamic pricing, freemium pricing, penetration pricing, and value-based pricing.

Pricing Analysis

Pricing analysis is a process of evaluating your current pricing strategy against market demand. Generally, pricing analysis examines price independently of cost. The goal of a pricing analysis is to identify opportunities for pricing changes and improvements.

You typically conduct a pricing analysis when considering new product ideas, developing your positioning strategy, or running marketing tests. It's also wise to run a price analysis once every year or two to evaluate your pricing against competitors and consumer expectations — doing so preemptively avoids having to wait for poor product performance.

How to Conduct a Pricing Analysis

1. determine the true cost of your product or service..

To calculate the true cost of a product or service that you sell, you’ll want to recognize all of your expenses including both fixed and variable costs. Once you’ve determined these costs, subtract them from the price you’ve already set or plan to set for your product or service.

2. Understand how your target market and customer base respond to the pricing structure.

Surveys, focus groups, or questionnaires can be helpful in determining how the market responds to your pricing model. You’ll get a glimpse into what your target customers value and how much they’re willing to pay for the value your product or service provides.

3. Analyze the prices set by your competitors.

There are two types of competitors to consider when conducting a pricing analysis: direct and indirect.

Direct competitors are those who sell the exact same product that you sell. These types of competitors are likely to compete on price so they should be a priority to review in your pricing analysis.

Indirect competitors are those who sell alternative products that are comparable to what you sell. If a customer is looking for your product, but it’s out of stock or it’s out of their price range, they may go to an indirect competitor to get a similar product.

4. Review any legal or ethical constraints to cost and price.

There’s a fine line between competing on price and falling into legal and ethical trouble. You’ll want to have a firm understanding of price-fixing and predatory pricing while doing your pricing analysis in order to steer clear of these practices.

Analyzing your current pricing model is necessary to determine a new (and better!) pricing strategy. This applies whether you're developing a new product, upgrading your current one, or simply repositioning your marketing strategy.

Next, let’s look at some examples of pricing strategies that you can use for your own business.

Dynamic Pricing Strategy: Chicago Cubs Freemium Pricing Strategy: HubSpot Penetration Pricing Strategy: Netflix Premium Pricing: AWAY Competitive Pricing Strategy: Shopify Project-Based Pricing Strategy: Courtney Samuel Events Value-Based Pricing Strategy: INBOUND Bundle Pricing: State Farm Geographic Pricing: Gasoline

Pricing models can be hard to visualize. Below, we’ve pulled together a list of examples of pricing strategies as they’ve been applied to everyday situations or businesses.

1. Dynamic Pricing Strategy: Chicago Cubs

I live in Chicago five blocks away from Wrigley Field, and my friends and I love going to Cubs games. Finding tickets is always interesting, though, because every time we check prices, they’ve fluctuated a bit from the last time. Purchasing tickets six weeks in advance is always a different process than purchasing them six days prior — and even more sox pricing at the gate.

This is an example of dynamic pricing — pricing that varies based on market and customer demand. Prices for Cubs games are always more expensive on holidays, too, when more people are visiting the city and are likely to go to a game.

(Another prime example of dynamic pricing is INBOUND , for which tickets get more expensive as the event nears.)

2. Freemium Pricing Strategy: HubSpot

HubSpot is an example of freemium pricing at work. There's a free version of the CRM for scaling businesses as well as paid plans for the businesses using the CRM platform that need a wider range of features .

Moreover, within those marketing tools, HubSpot provides limited access to specific features. This type of pricing strategy allows customers to acquaint themselves with HubSpot and for HubSpot to establish trust with customers before asking them to pay for additional access.

3. Penetration Pricing Strategy: Netflix

Image Source

Netflix is a classic example of penetration pricing : entering the market at a low price (does anyone remember when it was $7.99?) and increasing prices over time. Since I joined a couple of years ago, I’ve seen a few price increase notices come through my own inbox.

Despite their increases, Netflix continues to retain — and gain — customers. Sure, Netflix only increases their subscription fee by $1 or $2 each time, but they do so consistently. Who knows what the fees will be in five or ten years?

4. Premium Pricing: AWAY

There are lots of examples of premium pricing strategies … Rolex, Tesla, Nike — you name it. One that I thought of immediately was AWAY luggage .

Does luggage need to be almost $500? I’d say no, especially since I recently purchased a two-piece Samsonite set for one-third the cost. However, AWAY has still been very successful even though they charge a high price for their luggage. This is because when you purchase AWAY, you’re purchasing an experience. The unique branding and the image AWAY portrays for customers make the value of the luggage match the purchase price.

5. Competitive Pricing Strategy: Shopify

Shopify is an ecommerce platform that helps businesses manage their stores and sell their products online. Shopify — which integrates with HubSpot — has a competitive pricing strategy.

There are a number of ecommerce software options on the market today — Shopify differentiates itself by the features they provide users and the price at which they offer them. They have three thoughtfully-priced versions of their product for customers to choose from with a number of customizable and flexible features.

With these extensive options tailored to any ecommerce business' needs, the cost of Shopify is highly competitive and is often the same as or lower than other ecommerce platforms on the market today.

6. Project-Based Pricing Strategy: Courtney Samuel Events

Anyone who's planned a wedding knows how costly they can be. I'm in the midst of planning my own, and I've found that the bundled, project-based fees are the easiest to manage. For example, my wedding coordinator Courtney charges one flat fee for her services. This pricing approach focuses on the value of the outcome (e.g., an organized and stressless wedding day) instead of the value of the time spent on calls, projects, or meetings.

Because vendors like Courtney typically deliver a variety of services — wedding planning, day-of coordination, physical meetings, etc. — in addition to spending time answering questions and providing thoughtful suggestions, a project-based fee better captures the value of her work. Project-based pricing is also helpful for clients and companies who'd rather pay a flat fee or monthly retainer than deal with tracked hours or weekly invoices.

7. Value-Based Pricing Strategy: INBOUND

While INBOUND doesn't leave the ultimate ticket price up to its attendees, it does provide a range of tickets from which customers can choose. By offering multiple ticket "levels," customers can choose what experience they want to have based on how they value the event.

INBOUND tickets change with time, however, meaning this pricing strategy could also be considered dynamic (like the Cubs example above). As the INBOUND event gets closer, tickets tend to rise in price.

8. Bundle Pricing: State Farm

State Farm is known for its tongue-in-cheek advertisements and its bundle deals for home and auto insurance. You can receive a quote on one or the other, but getting a quote on both can save you money on your premiums.

State Farm benefits from bundle pricing by selling more policies, and consumers benefit by paying less than they normally would if they used two different insurance providers for home and auto coverage.

9. Geographic Pricing: Gasoline

Gasoline is notorious for having a wide range of prices around the world, but even within the United States, prices can vary by several dollars depending on the state you live in. In California for example, gas prices have consistently hovered around $3 in the summer months for the past 10 years. On the other hand, gas prices in Indiana have been in the $2 range during the same time period. Laws, environmental factors, and production cost all influence the price of gasoline in California which causes the geographic disparity in the cost of the fuel.

Get Your Pricing Strategy Right

Thinking about everything that goes into pricing can make your head spin: competitors, production costs, customer demand, industry needs, profit margins … the list is endless. Thankfully, you don’t have to master all of these factors at once.

Simply sit down, calculate some numbers (like your COGS and profit goals), and figure out what’s most important for your business. Start with what you need, and this will help you pinpoint the right kind of pricing strategy to use.

More than anything, though, remember pricing is an iterative process. It’s highly unlikely that you’ll set the right prices right away — it might take a couple of tries (and lots of research), and that’s OK.

Editor's note: This post was originally published in March 2019 and has been updated for comprehensiveness.

Don't forget to share this post!

Related articles.

How to Calculate Your Product's Actual (and Average) Selling Price

Want to Build A Subscription Business? Ask Yourself These 3 Questions

Competition-Based Pricing: The Ultimate Guide

How To Price A SaaS Product

Penetration Pricing: Meaning, Goals, Top Tips, & Examples

Price Skimming: All You Need To Know [+ Pricing Calculator]

Psychological Pricing and the Big-Time Boost It Offers Businesses

How to Price a Product That Your Sales Team Can Sell

B2B Pricing Models & Strategies [+ Pros and Cons of Each]

What Is Captive Product Pricing?

Determine the best pricing strategy for your business with this free calculator.

Powerful and easy-to-use sales software that drives productivity, enables customer connection, and supports growing sales orgs

The pricing strategy guide: Choosing pricing strategies that grow (not sink) your business

Choosing the pricing strategy for your business requires research, calculation, and a good amount of thought. Simply guessing may put you out of business. Here's what you need to know.

Definition of pricing

What are pricing strategies.

• Importance of pricing strategy

Top 7 pricing strategies

• 3 real-world examples
• How to create your strategy
• Determine value metric
• Customer profiles & segments
• User research & experiments
• Bonus: 10 data-driven tips
• Industry differences
• Final takeaway

Pricing strategies FAQs

Join our newsletter for the latest in SaaS

By subscribing you agree to receive the Paddle newsletter. Unsubscribe at any time.

Too many businesses set their pricing without putting much thought into it. This is a mistake causing them to leave money on the table from the beginning. The good news is that taking the time to get your product pricing right can act as a powerful growth lever.  If you optimize your pricing strategy so that more people are paying a higher amount, you'll end up with significantly more revenue than a business who treats pricing more passively. This sounds obvious, but it's rare for businesses to put much effort into finding the best pricing strategy.

This guide will cover everything you need to know about setting a pricing strategy that works for your business. 

Check out this introduction video made by the Paddle Studios team.

Price Intelligently is Paddle’s dedicated team of pricing and packaging experts for SaaS and subscription companies. We combine unrivaled expertise and first-party data to solve your unique pricing challenges, break the mold, and catapult your growth.  Learn more

Pricing is defined as the amount of money that you charge for your products, but understanding it requires much more than that simple definition. Baked into your pricing are indicators to your potential customers about how much you value your brand, product, and customers. It's one of the first things that can push a customer towards, or away from, buying your product. As such, it should be calculated with certainty.

Pricing strategies refer to the processes and methodologies businesses use to set prices for their products and services. If pricing is how much you charge for your products, then product pricing strategy is how you determine what that amount should be. There are different pricing strategies to choose from but some of the more common ones include:

• Value-based pricing
• Competitive pricing
• Price skimming
• Cost-plus pricing
• Penetration pricing
• Economy pricing
• Dynamic pricing

Pricing is an underutilized growth lever

Many companies focus on acquisition to grow their business, but studies have shown that small variations in pricing can raise or lower revenue by 20-50%. Despite that, even among Fortune 500 companies, fewer than 5% have functions dedicated to setting the best price possible. There's a missed opportunity in the business world to see immediate growth for relatively little effort. 

Navigating PLG billing and pricing? Read our latest guide on product-led SaaS

Because most businesses spend less than 10 hours per year thinking about pricing, there's a lot of untapped growth potential in optimizing what you charge. In fact, choosing the best pricing method is a more powerful growth lever than customer acquisition. In some cases, it can be up to 7.5 times more powerful than acquisition. 

The importance of nailing your pricing strategy

Having an  effective pricing strategy  helps solidify your position by building trust with your customers, as well as meeting your business goals. Let's compare and contrast the messaging that a strong pricing strategy sends in relation to a weaker one.

A winning pricing strategy:

• Portrays value

The word cheap has two meanings. It can mean a lower price, but it can also mean poorly made. There's a reason people associate cheaply priced products with cheaply made ones. Built into the higher price of a product is the assumption that it's of higher value.

• Convinces customers to buy 

A high price may convey value, but if that price is more than a potential customer is willing to pay, it won't matter. A low price will seem cheap and get your product passed over. The ideal price is one that convinces people to purchase your offering over the similar products that your competitors have to offer.

• Gives your customers confidence in your product 

If higher-priced products portray value and exclusivity, then the opposite follows as well. Prices that are too low will make it seem as though your product isn't well made.

A weak pricing strategy:

• Doesn't accurately portray the value of your product

If you believe you have a winning product, and you should if you are selling it, then you need to convince customers of that. Setting prices too low sends the opposite message.

• Makes customers feel uncertain about buying

Just as the right price is one that customers will pull the trigger on quickly, a price that's too high or too low will cause hesitation.

• Targets the wrong customers

Some customers prefer value, and some prefer luxury. You have to price your product to match the type of customer it is targeted towards.

Let's now take a closer look at the seven most common pricing strategies that were outlined above with more from Paddle Studios .

Click on any of the links below for a more in-depth guide to that particular pricing strategy.

1. Value-based pricing

With value-based pricing, you set your prices according to what consumers think your product is worth. We're big fans of this pricing strategy for SaaS businesses.

2. Competitive pricing

When you use a competitive pricing strategy, you're setting your prices based on what the competition is charging. This can be a good strategy in the right circumstances, such as a  business just starting out , but it doesn't leave a lot of room for growth.

3. Price skimming  

If you set your prices as high as the market will possibly tolerate and then lower them over time, you'll be using the price skimming strategy. The goal is to skim the top off the market and the lower prices to reach everyone else. With the right product it can work, but you should be very cautious using it.

4. Cost-plus pricing 

This is one of the simplest pricing strategies. You just take the product production cost and add a certain percentage to it. While simple, it is less than ideal for anything but physical products.

5. Penetration pricing

In highly competitive markets, it can be hard for new companies to get a foothold. One way some companies attempt to push new products is by offering prices that are much lower than the competition. This is penetration pricing. While it may get you customers and decent sales volume, you'll need a lot of them and you'll need them  to be very loyal  to stick around when the price increases in the future.

6. Economy pricing 

This strategy is popular in the commodity goods sector. The goal is to price a product cheaper than the competition and make the money back with increased volume. While it's a good method to get people to buy your generic soda, it's not a great fit for SaaS and subscription businesses.

7. Dynamic pricing 

In some industries, you can get away with constantly  changing your prices  to match the current demand for the item. This doesn't work well for subscription and SaaS business, because customers expect consistent monthly or yearly expenses.

Three real-world pricing strategy examples

Real-world pricing strategy examples are the best way for a business to better understand the above-listed pricing strategies. Evaluating other businesses' approaches can be a good starting point but keep in mind that the right pricing strategy is based on math, market research, and consumer insights. For now, let’s look at the pricing strategy examples of some of the biggest brands of today: 

1. Streaming services 

Have you noticed that you pay roughly the same amount for Netflix, Amazon Prime Video, Disney+, Hulu, and other streaming services? That's because these companies have adopted competitive pricing , or at least a form of it, called  market-based pricing .

2. Salesforce

When Salesforce first came out, they were the only CRM in the cloud. (It wasn't even called 'the cloud' back then!) Armed with ground-breaking deployment and a target customer of a large enterprise, Salesforce could charge what they wanted. Later, after they'd grown, they were able to lower prices so small businesses could sign up. This is a classic example of  price skimming . 

3. Dollar Shave Club

At one time, you couldn't turn on your TV without an ad for Dollar Shave Club telling you how much cheaper they were than razors at the store. Although an aggressive  marketing strategy  and advertising like that is unusual for the pricing model, they were nevertheless employing economy pricing. It worked out well for them. They were acquired by Unilever in 2016 for a reported $1 billion.

How to create a winning pricing strategy

In the beginning, the actual number you're charging isn't that important.

There are some exceptions, but for the most part, you should first be figuring out the range you're in: a $10 product, $100 product, $1k product, etc. Don't waste time debating $500 vs. $505, because this doesn't matter as much until you have a stronger foundation beneath you.

Instead, understanding the following is much more important:

• Finding your  value metric
• Setting your ideal  customer profiles and segments
• Completing  user research + experimentation

This video from Paddle Studios goes deep on mastering a winning pricing strategy.

Step 1: Determine your value metric

A “ value metric ” is essentially what you charge for. For example: per seat, per 1,000 visits, per CPA, per GB used, per transaction, etc. 

If you get everything else wrong in pricing, but you get your value metric right, you'll do ok . It's that important. Partly because it bakes lower churn and higher expansion revenue into your monetization.

A pricing strategy based on a value metric (vs. a tiered monthly fee) is important because it allows you to make sure you're not charging a large customer the same as you'd charge a small customer.

If you remember your high school or college economics class, the professor put a point on a demand curve for the perfect price and said “the revenue a firm gets is the area under that point.” The problem here is: what about all that other area under the curve?  You’re missing out on that revenue by charging a flat monthly fee.

“Good, better, best” pricing strategy is a bit more advantageous, because you end up with three points on our trusty demand curve, and thus more revenue potential. You see this problem among many eCommerce businesses and retailers whose products are constrained by being physical goods—the car with the basic package vs. the car with the stereo and sunroof vs. the car with everything. In software, it’s thankfully dying out, but you’ll still see it with mass-market products:  Netflix, Adobe Creative Cloud, etc.

A value metric, however, allows you to have essentially infinite price points—maximizing your revenue potential. In practice, you’ll never show infinite price points on your pricing page , sales deck, or mobile conversion page, but you may have a new customer come in at a certain level and then grow.

Value metrics also bake growth directly into how you charge because as usage or the amount of value received goes up (and those are not the same thing), the customer pays more. If they end up using or consuming less, they pay less (and thus avoid churning). This is why companies using value metrics are typically growing at  double the rate with half the churn and 2x the expansion revenue  when compared to companies that charge a flat fee or where the only difference between their pricing tiers are features.

To determine your value metric, think about the  ideal essence of value  for your product—what value are you directly providing your customer?

In B2B, it's likely going to be money saved, revenue gained, time saved, etc. In  DTC , it may be the joy you bring them, fitness achieved, increased efficiency, etc. Obviously, we can't measure all of these, but if you can,  and  your customer trusts your measurement (meaning you say you saved them $100 and they agree you saved them $100), that’s your value metric.

As an example, the perfect value metric for  Paddle Retain  (our churn recovery product) is how much churn we recover for you. We can measure this, and our customers agree to the measurement, so we can charge on that axis. Other pure value metric products include  MainStreet , which handles government paperwork to automatically get you back tax credits—you pay a percentage of the money saved.

Most of you won't have a pure value metric, so the next step is to find a proxy for that metric. Take for example  HubSpot ’s marketing product. Their pure value metric is the amount of revenue their tool drives for your business. This is hard to measure and hard for the customer to agree to in terms of what percentage of credit HubSpot deserves for revenue from a blog post. Proxies for HubSpot are things like the number of contacts, number of visits, number of users, etc.

To find the right proxy metric, you want to come up with 5-10 proxies and then talk to your customers and prospects. You’ll typically find 1-2 of these pricing metrics will be most preferred amongst your target customers. You then want to make sure those 1-2 also make sense from a growth perspective. Your larger customers should be using/getting more of the metric, whereas your smaller customers should be using/getting less of the metric. You also want to make sure the metric encourages retention.

When we look at HubSpot, if they were to primarily price on “number of seats”, folks could share a login and HubSpot wouldn’t make much more money on large customers vs. small. Ironically they wouldn’t get as many people invested in HubSpot, because there’d be friction to adding additional seats. Instead, if they give unlimited seats and price based on “number of contacts” there’s minimal friction to getting as many people into HubSpot as possible to do activities (e.g., blog posts,  email campaigns , landing pages, etc.) that then produce contacts.

The result: HubSpot’s marketing product’s value metric is “contacts”, which ensures growth is baked directly into how they make money. The usage drives the metric, which therein drives revenue. Most importantly customers small, medium, and large are all paying at the point they see the value and then can grow.

Some other examples:

• Wistia  charges by the number of videos or channels you use/have
• Zapier  invented the concept of zap (connection of software) and charge based on time to connect
• Theater in Barcelona charged based on the number of laughs
• Husqvarna  charges based on time for lawn care products vs. making you buy them
• Rolls Royce  charges per mile for airplane engines. They own the engines on the plane you own and do all the maintenance. Cool model.
• Fresh Patch  charges based on the amount of grass you want per month for your dog—yes they deliver grass to you monthly

As a side note, you should stop pricing based on seats for products where each seat doesn’t provide a unique experience. For instance, imagine you're an AE using a CRM. If you log into the account of the AE sitting next to you, you can’t really do your work because you are only seeing their leads and accounts. Conversely, if you were a marketing exec and were to log in to another marketing manager’s account in HubSpot, you could do all the work you need to. Thus, for the latter, seats are not the right value metric.

Per-seat pricing is a relic of the  perpetual license  era when we couldn’t measure usage or value enough within our products. We’re beyond that point, so use the above as a good litmus test.

Step 2: Determine your customer profiles and segments

The second key component of your pricing strategy is determining your target segment and ideal customer profile. We've all heard about personas, and you may be rolling your eyes at the concept, but most personas are useless because they aren’t quantitative enough. When used properly, quantified personas and segments are beautiful tools. The information needs to go beyond just cute names like “Startup Steve" with a cute avatar, and cute meetings where people tell you they’re targeting "developers."

To get quantified personas, you need to pull out a spreadsheet.  Here’s a template  you can use.

1. Columns: Customer profiles you're targeting

These can take many forms, but the ultimate goal is to be as specific as possible so that you not only know who you’re targeting but how to monetize and retain them. Pragmatically, you typically separate these customer profiles based on size or role (or both). For example, a marketing automation product may target the following profiles:

• Marketing leaders (Director and higher) at companies $1M to $10M
• Marketing leaders (Director and higher) at companies $10.01M to $50M
• Marketing leaders (Director and higher) at companies $50.01M to $100M

The point is you can’t be everything to all people and you need to understand who you’re targeting in order to make better decisions.

2. Rows: Characteristics of each profile to help you differentiate between them

• Most valued features
• Least valued features
• Willingness to pay
• Lifetime value (LTV)
• Customer acquisition costs (CAC)
• ... and any other metric or category you think could be useful

If you're just starting out or you don't have some of this data, it’s fine. Still fill it out though with your hypotheses. You know  something  about your customers.

Next, you then need to validate (or invalidate) the most pressing hypothesis in that spreadsheet based on the decisions you’re going to make. If you're going to validate a new feature for a particular segment, then that's where you should start. Price point the biggest question? Start by researching the price point with each of these roles/segments.

If you don't know who your key roles/segments are, there's no way in hell you’ll set up an efficient growth flywheel, let alone an optimized pricing strategy. Personas act as a constitution within your business to centralize your focus and arguments about direction.

If you don't do segment and persona analysis, you better be able to raise a ton of money. I guarantee you there's some persona or segment on some vision document or in that euphoric part of your entrepreneurial brain that is completely wrong for your business. I see it all the time. Even I—someone who thinks about segments and customer research all the time—fall prey to being an absolute idiot with who we should target.

When we built  ProfitWell Metrics (our free subscription metrics tool) I thought we were geniuses who were going to be billionaires. Turns out analytics products are terrible. Willingness to pay for them is terrible; retention for them is terrible; NPS is terrible. Everything is just terrible, mainly because customers don't appreciate graphs or at least aren't willing to pay much for them. When we did our research this became obvious and put us 18 months ahead of our competitors, pushing us to change up the positioning of the product to freemium, which has fueled our business ever since (oh and our NPS is 70, because we massively over-deliver a free product better than the paid competition).

Never underestimate the power of focusing on the customer through research. You should never, ever just do what they ask, but you need to be an anthropologist who knows them better than anyone else.

Step 3: User research + experimentation

Beyond your value metric and core segments, the monetization game becomes extremely tactical and research-based. Figuring out your price point involves researching those segments and then making decisions in the field. Same with discounting, add-on, and packaging strategies. The point: monetization is never finished because it’s the very essence of translating your value into an optimal framework for your target customer segments.

Practically this is why you should be experimenting with your monetization every quarter. Experimentation can get tricky and have a few quirks, but you’ll find it’s similar to most growth frameworks out there (which are all versions of the scientific method).

Here’s a good prioritization list of what business owners should attack in optimizing their  monetization strategy  once they have the core segments and value metric figured out:

Priority 1: Foundational [see above]

• Core customer segments
• Value metrics

Priority 2: Core

• Order of magnitude price point (are you a $10 product vs. a $500 product)
• Positioning and value props

Priority 3: Optimizations

• Add-on strategy
• Specific price point (are you a $10 product vs. a $11 product)
• Price localization/internationalization
• Discounting strategy
• Contract Term optimization

Priority 4: Growth accelerators

• Market expansion (going up or down market)
• Vertical expansion
• Multi-Product

Your true order of operations with monetization will vary, but for the most part, all companies should work through the foundational and core sections before moving to the optimizations and growth accelerators. If you’re larger or there’s a fire, you may start with an optimization. In fact, this is sometimes a good idea. Something more scoped like “price localization” can help get momentum, be a forcing function to clean up tech and experimentation stacks, and mitigate political conversations. Remember, monetization is something that’s important, uncomfortable, and something you likely don’t know much about, so progress is better than nothing. Start small. You can (and should) always do more.

Bonus: 10 rapid-fire pricing strategy tips rooted in data⚡

In case you're still hungry for more tips on nailing your pricing strategy and achieving maximum profitability, look no further. We've got you covered:

1. You should  localize your pricing  to the currency and willingness to pay of the prospect's region

• Revenue per customer is 30% higher when you just use the proper currency symbol
• Having different price points in different regions increases revenue per customer further, and is justified based on different consumer demands in different regions

2. Freemium is an acquisition model, not a part of pricing

• Think of  freemium  as a premium ebook driving leads, not another pricing tier
• Don't do freemium until you truly understand how to convert leads to customers, because you’ll end up increasing noise or false positives when you’re trying to figure out your segment beachheads. The best folks who deploy free typically don’t implement freemium until two to three years into their business. The exceptions to this notion are if you have a very specific need or network effect (eg., marketplaces, social networks, etc.) or if you have a top 50 growth person on your team.
• To be clear, we're not saying DON’T do freemium. we're saying it's a scalpel, not a sledgehammer that requires thought. A lot of people end up reading our articles on freemium and end up going, “Cool, let’s do freemium and we’ll be a unicorn.” I’m being pragmatic in that you need to realize freemium is fantastic, but doing freemium properly takes a lot of effort and nuance.
• Paid users who convert from free tend to have higher NPS, better retention, and much lower CAC .

3. Value propositions matter oh so much

In B2B value propositions can swing willingness to pay ±20%, in DTC it's ±15%

4. Don't discount over 20%

In some verticals discounting over 20% may be fine, but you're likely not in one of them (although you may think you are), but the size of the discount almost perfectly correlates with higher churn. Large  discounts  get people to convert, but they don't stick around.

5. For upgrades to annual discounts, don't use percentages and try offers

Percentages don't work as well as whole dollar amounts for discounts (ie., "one month" will work better than "X percent off"). Annuals see much lower churn rates.

6. Should you end your price in 9s or 0s? Depends on your price point

Ending your prices in 9s evokes a discount brand, making the customer feel like they're getting something. Ending in 0 evokes luxury or premium, making them feel like they're getting a high-end product. Studies on this for technology products are inconclusive. We have seen it increase conversion in lower-cost products, but retention isn't as good with those customers.

7. You should experiment with your pricing in some manner every quarter

This doesn't mean change you should the price point each quarter, but experiment with variable costs. More changes correlate with increasing revenue per customer. Like all things, focusing on something makes you improve it.

8. Case studies boost willingness to pay quite a bit

Social proof is important.  Case studies  that offer proof of the high quality of your products can boost willingness to pay by 10-15% in both B2B and in DTC.

9. Design helps boost willingness to pay by 20%

This graph didn't look this way 10 years ago when design didn't do much for willingness to pay. Today, affinity for a company's design can boost willingness to pay considerably.

10. Integrations boost retention and willingness to pay

The more integrations a customer is using, typically the higher their willingness to pay and the better their retention. I wouldn't charge for the integrations, but I'd use this as a tool to get people hooked in and paying more or buying different add-ons.

Pricing strategies for different industries

Pricing strategies are not one size fits all. Finding the proper pricing strategy is dependent on your industry, as well as your company's unique objectives. But to give you an idea, we've listed a couple of industries and strategies that are well suited for each other. 

SaaS/Subscriptions

For SaaS and subscription-based businesses, value-based pricing is the winner hands down. As long as your customers are willing to pay, you can charge much more than your competitors.  Because your price is based on how much customers will spend, it isn't artificially lowered like other methods that fail to account for that. 

We also like value-based pricing for B2B companies. Value-based pricing requires you to look outward and understand your customers better. This is good for finding the optimal price, but it's also good for building optimal relationships that will also help grow your company. 

No more price guessing, just pricing that works

Accurately pricing your product for maximum growth requires a lot of market research and even more expertise on how to conduct and analyze that research. Our Price Intelligently  service combines our years of experience in the field with powerful machine learning tools to understand your target customer base and what makes them tick. We know the data to collect, the questions to ask, and the people to ask them of. This is important because businesses in different stages of growth need different strategies for evaluating pricing. Additionally, every business has a unique set of potential selling points and a unique target audience to pitch to.

You need someone in your corner who knows how to evaluate pricing options for your specific businesses. With our help, you can be confident that your pricing strategy and chosen price points will unlock growth levers at your company that have been sitting idle, because they'll be tailored to finding and maximizing the value propositions that are unique to your business. 

Which pricing strategy is best? 

This depends on your business model. For SaaS and subscription companies, as well as many others, we recommend value-based pricing.

How do you determine the selling prices of a product?

First, find a pricing strategy that fits well with your business model and product. As you've seen, pricing strategies differ, but they all give clear instructions for how to use them to set prices.

What is the simplest pricing strategy?

Since you only need to add up the cost to make your product and add a percentage to it, cost-plus pricing is the simplest form of pricing to use.

What is a pricing curve?

A pricing curve is a graph that shows you the number of people who are willing to pay a given price for a product.

What are the 4 major pricing strategies?

Value-based,  competition-based , cost-plus, and  dynamic pricing are all models  that are used frequently, depending on the industry and business model in question.

Related reading

Custom plans for larger teams

Our premier website solution made for the unique needs of big business.

Squarespace plans are paid monthly or yearly. We make it simple to start — and stop — your service at any time.

Yes, we offer discounts on up-front long-term commitments. You will also receive one year off of a new domain registration with your annual purchase.

No. All Squarespace plans include our fully-managed cloud hosting, ensuring your website remains available at all times.

No. Squarespace is a fully-managed web service. We do not have plans to make a downloadable version. Squarespace does provide many standard methods for exporting your data. Squarespace is a fully-managed web service. We do not have plans to make a downloadable version for desktop. Your data can be exported through many standard methods. We offer the Squarespace app on your mobile device to manage your site while on the go. Designed for customers with live Squarespace websites, you can monitor visitor metrics, upload photos, and fulfill orders. Download for Android | Download for iOS

Squarespace integrates with Stripe and accepts credit card payments directly to your bank account. You can accept more payment methods in checkout such as Apple Pay and PayPal. Sign up for an account with Stripe and PayPal in minutes and start accepting payments immediately. With Squarespace Payments as your payment solution, you can centralize your finances in one easy-to-use dashboard while accepting Klarna, Afterpay, Apple Pay, ACH, and all major credit cards. Squarespace Payments is currently available in the US.

There are no Squarespace transaction fees for Squarespace Commerce plans (Basic and Advanced). We charge a transaction fee of 3% on sales in the Business plan. Visit Stripe and PayPal for payment processing rates for your country. Squarespace Payments fees and rates vary per subscription plan. Please see above in the Full Feature Comparison for details.

You can learn more about our education program here .

Stated prices are not inclusive of applicable taxes. Final pricing inclusive of taxes will be shown prior to checkout.

We accept AMEX, Visa, Mastercard, Discover (US dollars only), PayPal*, SEPA, Diners Club, Japan Credit Bureau (JCB) *currently only available for non-US subscribers

Design and publish your website today

Go from idea to done with Dropbox

Store and share files. Sign and send documents. Record screens and comment. All with Dropbox.

For professionals

For large organizations.

• 3 TB of storage
• Transfer files up to 100 GB
• 180 days to restore deleted files
• Track file engagement
• Unlimited signature requests
• PDF editing
• Record, review, and edit video
• Starts at 9 TB for the team
• Set up admins
• Know what content is shared

For companies

• Starts at 15 TB for the team
• Transfer files up to 250 GB
• 1 year to restore deleted files
• Set up tiered admin roles
• Suspicious activity alerts
• Compliance tracking
• Customize number of users
• Customize storage
• Transfer files up to  250 GB
• Enterprise-grade security
• Integrations with best-in-class security solutions
• Live support from dedicated experts

Compare plans

Loved by over 80 million+ users from companies like

Security and compliance.

• Free forever
• Unlimited boards
• 10+ team members
• Pre-made and custom templates
• Miro Smart Diagramming

When you sign up, you’re on the Free plan by default. The Free plan is designed for teams just starting out with visual collaboration: you can invite as many team members and create as many boards as you want, but only 3 boards will be active and editable at once. For more advanced collaboration functionality, check out our Starter, Business or Enterprise plans.

The Free plan enables you to experience the power of visual collaboration firsthand: with unlimited team members, 3 active boards, and access to all our pre-built templates as well as a set of robust integrations including Google Drive, Slack, and more.

Yes, you can change your team size at any point during your subscription. You’ll be charged a prorated fee for adding new users and a refund on your next payment for removing users.

Miro AI credits are calculated based on the number of licenses in the organisation and your Miro plan (Starter/Business/Enterprise). You can purchase an add-on to get unlimited credits. Credit limit cannot be increased for Free plan. Check out our help center for more information.

No, if you are using Miro on Starter or Business plan, you can invite anonymous visitors to your public boards. Learn more .

We have a full list of integrations through our Marketplace here. If you don’t see a tool for your workflow on the list or have an idea, let us know .

We care deeply about data privacy and security and strive to keep our security practices industry-leading. Learn more about data security on our website, check out our assessment on the Cloud Security Alliance website, or contact us directly with any questions.

We’re happy to work together on your company’s security questionnaire or an MSA! Please reach out to our sales team at miro.com/contact/sales for specific questions.

If you're part of a nonprofit organization, we're happy to provide you with discounted pricing. Find out more about the eligibility requirements.

We accept all major credit cards. If you purchase Starter Plan for 10+ members or Business Plan you can pay via self-serve invoice. If you want to purchase Enterprise Plan, contact us , and we will issue an invoice that you can pay via bank transfer.

To apply for a free Education account, fill out the application form on our website. Learn more .

• Start free trial

Start selling with Shopify today

Start your free trial with Shopify today—then use these resources to guide you through every step of the process.

Full-Cost Pricing Explained: How to Price Your Products for Profit

A full-cost pricing strategy includes all costs associated with a product or service along with a markup for profit. It’s a practical approach that comes with some downsides.

Imagine you’re about to launch an ecommerce store selling drinkware products—you’ve already identified a target audience and developed a unique eco-friendly water bottle that you’re confident will stand out in the marketplace. But one important question remains: How should you price your new products?

Pricing your goods and services properly can make the difference between a healthy profit margin and a failing business. One of the most straightforward pricing methods is called full-cost pricing, and it uses a simple formula to ensure a positive profit margin. Here’s how this pricing method works and how to decide if it can benefit your company.

What is full-cost pricing?

Full-cost pricing is a pricing method that includes all costs associated with a product or service along with a markup for profit. Full-cost pricing considers direct costs (such as raw materials, wages for production labor, and other production costs) and indirect costs (such as overhead expenses like insurance, utilities, and marketing).

By taking into account all the direct costs connected to the manufacturing process as well as the indirect costs of running a business (like rent), full-cost pricing helps merchants and manufacturers identify a selling price that covers every expense.

Example of full-cost pricing

Say you’re launching an ecommerce company to manufacture and sell mobile phone cases and you want to figure out how to sell them with the full-cost pricing method.

Your market research tells you that you may be able to sell 10,000 units in the first year. You then calculate all direct costs associated with manufacturing: $40,000 for raw materials, $40,000 for labor, $10,000 for shipping expenses, and $10,000 for production equipment. You then calculate indirect costs for the year: $20,000 for rent, $10,000 for insurance, $5,000 for utilities, and $5,000 for marketing. You also keep $10,000 aside for miscellaneous overheads. Divide your total costs ($150,000) by the total number of units you plan to manufacture—in this case, 10,000 cases—to find your cost per unit:

$150,000 / 10,000 = $15 per unit

Next, calculate your ideal profit margin. Assuming you want to make a profit of 40%—meaning $6 extra on top of each $15 unit—your full-cost price will be $21 per phone case.

Advantages of full-cost pricing

Here are some of the main advantages of the full-cost pricing model:

Useful for reporting

The full-cost pricing method complies with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) , a set of standards maintained by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), a non-profit focused on improving the transparency and consistency of financial reporting. Having a detailed list of your complete costs is also important for bookkeeping .

Prioritizes earning profit

The full-cost pricing strategy prioritizes earning a profit margin and making back all of the costs associated with creating and selling a product or service. Ecommerce merchants and business owners can use full-cost pricing to ensure that their prices are high enough to earn a profit. By identifying a price that you know will earn back your costs, you can create distribution plans with the confidence that you are covering your full expenses.

Creates a justifiable price

Using the full-cost pricing method with a reasonable markup, you can use the costs associated with a product to validate its price—especially if you sell high-ticket items like electronics. If you can justify a more expensive price for a particular item, you can build brand equity , a term used to describe the perceived value of a particular brand, product, or service.

A domestic clothing manufacturer, for instance, might justify its higher prices by emphasizing fair wages as part of its brand identity .

Choose the right price

Determine your markups and profit margin to set the perfect price and increase your bottom line with our product pricing calculator.

Disadvantages of full-cost pricing

There are also disadvantages of the full-cost pricing model to keep in mind when you’re choosing which pricing method is best for your business:

Difficult to account for variations

Full-cost pricing involves knowing the exact expenses associated with each product—something that’s easier said than done. If you have multiple product lines sold at different price points, it can be difficult to determine how rent, utilities, and administrative costs need to be split between them.

In these cases, management teams can use an allocation process to assign specific costs to products, activities, or departments, which can result in a more precise accounting process.

Can create misleading profit margins

When you account for overhead expenses and divide those by the number of goods you think you’re going to sell, you’re making a calculation based on what you think sales are likely to be. But what if not all your items sell? If you manufacture 10,000 cellphone cases but only 7,000 sell, your overhead costs per unit sold go up and may be higher than your sales price.

Ignores competition and price elasticity

Businesses operating in a highly competitive market can experience a lack of accuracy with the full-cost pricing model since it does not consider the pricing choices of direct competitors or the unique customer demand for particular products. For example, you could use the full-cost pricing model to calculate the direct and indirect costs for a product only to discover that your competition is charging substantially more or less for similar products.

Similarly, full-cost pricing does not take into account price elasticity —a ratio used to determine how much the demand for a particular product will change based on its price. If you want to optimize your prices for the specific market you’re in, the full-cost pricing method can have limitations.

Differences between full-cost and variable-cost pricing

Level of complexity.

One of the most popular alternatives to full-cost pricing is variable-cost pricing, a pricing method that sets a sales price proportionally with how much a company produces or sells. The price is determined by adding production cost (determined by sales volume) plus an added markup. Here are some of the key differences between full-cost pricing and variable-cost pricing:

Whereas full-cost pricing takes into account the total cost of direct and indirect expenses, variable costing only includes direct costs, such as raw materials, direct labor, and production costs. Full-cost pricing includes fixed costs, such as insurance and rent, while variable pricing focuses singularly on the expenses that go directly into producing a specific good or service. Since variable-cost pricing is directly tied to the costs of production, it fluctuates greatly based on the number of units produced and distributed.

Variable-cost pricing is simpler than full-cost pricing since it includes only direct expenses, such as production expenses. Businesses with little to no overhead can benefit from a basic variable-cost pricing model, whereas companies with complex operations that incur a range of overhead costs can create a more accurate picture of their total expenses through a full-cost pricing method.

Full-cost pricing can provide a more holistic picture of what it costs to run a business compared to the variable-cost method. However, full-cost pricing also has its limitations. Businesses running complex operations in competitive markets can benefit from using more sophisticated pricing strategies , such as dynamic pricing , which takes into account customer demand, supply, and price elasticity. Another alternative is penetration pricing , which involves setting your initial prices lower than your competitors to gain a larger market share.

Companies with minimal fixed costs can use the variable-cost pricing method to evaluate and compare the production costs of different product lines. However, businesses can use the full-cost pricing method to identify the right price that covers the complete expenses of making a product or service with an added markup on top for healthy profit margins.

What is full-cost pricing FAQ

How do you calculate the full-cost price.

You can calculate full-cost price with this simple formula: Direct costs (such as raw materials) + indirect costs (such as rent) = X . Then divide X by the number of units produced to get the price per unit. Lastly, determine a percentage markup (how much you want to earn per product) and add that number to the price per unit.

Is full-cost pricing or variable pricing a better strategy for ecommerce?

It depends. Full-cost pricing is a more comprehensive pricing strategy than variable pricing, and it can be a useful figure for financial reporting—especially if you have a significant amount of fixed costs, such as rent or insurance. On the other hand, variable pricing is a useful tool for comparing the specific production costs between different product lines.

What is the goal of full-cost pricing?

The goal of full-cost pricing is to provide an accurate picture of the direct and indirect costs associated with producing a product or service to ensure that prices are set high enough to cover expenses and earn a profit.

Keep up with the latest from Shopify

Get free ecommerce tips, inspiration, and resources delivered directly to your inbox.

By entering your email, you agree to receive marketing emails from Shopify.

popular posts

The point of sale for every sale.

Subscribe to our blog and get free ecommerce tips, inspiration, and resources delivered directly to your inbox.

Unsubscribe anytime. By entering your email, you agree to receive marketing emails from Shopify.

Latest from Shopify

Sep 11, 2024

Sep 10, 2024

Learn on the go. Try Shopify for free, and explore all the tools you need to start, run, and grow your business.

Try Shopify for free, no credit card required.

Telstra launches Starlink plan for small businesses at residential prices (and speeds)

Source: SpaceX

Telstra has announced a new Starlink plan for small businesses that will cost the same as residential plans.

This follows Telstra’s commitment back in July 2023 to provide Starlink-powered fixed broadband and voice services to rural Australians — including business customers.

The service will be available for businesses with up to five employees and will cost $125 a month, in addition to the one-time $599 setup cost of Starlink.

The plan offers unlimited data with download speeds of up to 50mbps and upload speeds of up to 10mbps.

It’s worth noting that there are already Starlink business plans available at higher speeds — but they’re more expensive.

These plans start at $176 per month and come with 220mbps download speeds as well as up to 25mbps upload speeds.

So if you need those higher speeds, this new plan may not work for you. But if you require a more basic connection for your business, Telstra’s decision to match consumer pricing for its small business customers could provide a more affordable option.

The new plan is being positioned as a solution for businesses operating in areas where traditional internet services have historically been unreliable or unavailable.

Connectivity has long been a challenge for rural and remote small businesses, which make up around 30% of all small businesses in Australia.

Telstra’s business group executive, Amanda Hutton, emphasised the significance of the partnership, reiterating that satellite technology can provide broadband access to businesses in geographically challenging areas.

“By leveraging satellite technology, we’re able to ensure that some of the most isolated businesses can access broadband internet,” Hutton said.

“According to  our recent Business Tech State of Play report , the connected tech that will have the biggest and most positive impact on Australian SMBs over the next one to two years is renewed access to fast, reliable and secure internet connectivity. Businesses can’t unlock new and exciting opportunities if they don’t have good access to connectivity!”

This news follows a recent price increase for Telstra business SIM plans.

Basic plans are rising from $62 to $65 per month, the Essential plan from $72 to $75, and the Premium plan from $95 to $99. Pre-paid plans will also see adjustments from October, with the $35 plan increasing to $39.

Never miss a story: sign up to  SmartCompany’s  free daily newsletter  and find our best stories on   LinkedIn.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Handpicked for you

Telstra’s business plans just got more expensive

Telstra partners with Starlink to provide connectivity to Australian rural business customers

Similar topics.

SmartCompany is committed to hosting lively discussions. Help us keep the conversation useful, interesting and welcoming. We aim to publish comments quickly in the interest of promoting robust conversation, but we’re a small team and we deploy filters to protect against legal risk. Occasionally your comment may be held up while it is being reviewed, but we’re working as fast as we can to keep the conversation rolling.

The SmartCompany  comment section is members-only content. Please subscribe to leave a comment.

The SmartCompany comment section is members-only content. Please login to leave a comment.

Three ANZ startups that raised $36.1 million this week

Less is more: Why new dating app Humpday says fewer matches equals more dates

Oltre wins the Pitch with pledge to make architecture easier for homebuyers

Airtrunk’s $23 billion sale buoys the south asian australian startup community, is canva pricing out small businesses with its teams subscription hike, “who will make it through”: small retailers fear slow winter sales will affect christmas stock orders.

Send to a friend

Just fill out the fields below and we'll send your friend a link to this article along with a message from you.

Your details

Your friend's details.

What you need to know about Kamala Harris' 'opportunity economy'

• Kamala Harris has a vision of an 'Opportunity Economy' for America's middle class.
• Her plan includes tax cuts for families and small businesses and going after price-gouging.
• Experts predict Harris' policies could boost economic growth, but voters remain skeptical.

Vice President Kamala Harris says she has a plan for America's middle class— building an "Opportunity Economy" to help them succeed.

The term appeared on Harris' campaign website on Sunday evening, accompanying a policy platform addressing issues like abortion , crime, healthcare, housing, and national security.

"Vice President Harris grew up in a middle class home as the daughter of a working mom. She believes that when the middle class is strong, America is strong," the Harris campaign wrote in a section titled "Build an Opportunity Economy and Lower Costs for Families."

"That's why as President, Kamala Harris will create an Opportunity Economy where everyone has a chance to compete and a chance to succeed — whether they live in a rural area, small town, or big city."

Harris first introduced the concept in North Carolina last month, reiterated it in her convention acceptance speech, and mentioned it again during her first presidential debate with former President Donald Trump on Tuesday night.

"I believe in the ambition, the aspirations, the dreams of the American people," Harris said at the debate, "and that is why I imagine and have actually a plan to build what I call an 'Opportunity Economy.'"

But just what exactly is Harris looking to do when she says she's going to build up the middle class through her "Opportunity Economy" agenda?

A mixture of tax cuts for parents and small businesses

Like Trump, Harris is calling for tax cuts as well, though hers are primarily focused on families and small businesses.

"We know that young families need support to raise their children, and I intend on extending a tax cut for those families of $6,000, which is the largest child tax credit that we have given in a long time," Harris said on Tuesday night.

She said this would be so that young families could afford to buy a crib, a car seat, and clothes for their young children.

Related stories

The Biden administration made a similar expansion to the child tax credit in 2021 under the American Rescue Plan.

Instead of the usual $2,000 tax credit, parents received a tax credit of $3,600 per child under the age of six and $3,000 for older children.

That is in addition to the tax relief she hopes to give to small businesses.

"I love our small businesses. My plan is to give a $50,000 tax deduction to start-up small businesses, knowing they are part of the backbone of America's economy," Harris said during the debate.

That is a ten-fold increase of the current startup expense tax deduction new businesses can claim.

During the debate, Harris accused Trump of only wanting to offer tax breaks to the richest people, while Trump countered by saying Harris lacked a detailed plan.

Despite their disagreements, both candidates agree on a proposal to eliminate federal taxes on tips, while Harris has said she would want to set capital gains and corporate taxes at 28% and has pledged to prevent tax hikes on people making less than $400,000.

A 'path to the middle class' via homeownership

During the debate, Harris raised the issue of housing supply and affordability , later using the topic to draw a wedge between her upbringing and Trump's background.

"I grew up a middle-class kid raised by a hard-working mother who worked and saved and was able to buy our first home when I was a teenager," Harris said.

She continued: "The values I bring to the importance of homeownership — knowing not everybody got handed $400 million on a silver platter and then filed for bankruptcy six times — is a value that I bring to my work."

Harris said she hopes to work with the private sector and homebuilders to construct 3 million more homes by the end of her first term as part of an effort to end the nation's housing supply crisis.

Her campaign also says Harris would cut red tape to speed up housebuilding, penalize firms that hoard available homes, and sign legislation to outlaw price fixing by corporate landlords.

In addition, Harris said during the debate that her administration would seek to provide financial support to first-time homebuyers.

"I have a plan that is about allowing people to be able to pursue what has been fleeting in terms of the American dream by offering help with $25,000 down payment assistance for first-time homebuyers,' Harris said on Tuesday.

Going after price-gouging

Harris has repeatedly pledged to combat anti-competitive practices, specifically targeting price-gouging.

Price gouging, which she did not mention in the debates, occurs when companies significantly raise prices above production and investment costs, often due to a lack of competition.

In the debate, however, she said her administration would focus on lowering the prices of groceries and medicine.

She highlighted the Biden administration's success in securing a $35-per-month cap for seniors with diabetes on their insulin spending, as well as a cap on the cost of prescription medication for seniors at $2,000 a year.

The Harris campaign says her administration would want to go "toe to toe with Big Pharma" to negotiate lower prescription drug prices.

What do experts make of the plan?

Business Insider's Alice Tecotzky noted that Harris' policy page is sparse on many specifics, though it does reference venture capital multiple times, suggesting an effort to court the business tech vote.

Last month, a group of powerful venture capitalists came together to pledge their support, and, more recently, dozens of prominent Wall Street and tech executives signed a letter endorsing Harris.

Goldman Sachs has predicted that Harris' plans would likely boost the US economy's growth, whereas economic output would likely take a hit under Trump if he wins in November.

And, according to Moody's Analytics , an economic research company, a Harris win could lead to economic growth, with inflation moderating, while a Trump sweep could lead to higher inflation and weaker economic growth.

But despite these predictions , voters aren't necessarily convinced.

In a recent nationwide New York Times/Siena College poll, which surveyed 1,695 registered voters from September 3 to 6, 56% responded that they trusted Trump to do a better job on the economy than Harris.

• Main content

Can we help you?

College and University students can now get Microsoft 365 Personal for only $2.99 a month

Maximize the everyday

• For business

Save 16% when you pay yearly for Microsoft 365

• Paid yearly
• Paid monthly

Microsoft 365 Family

• For one to six people
• Sign in to five devices at once
• Use on PCs, Macs, phones, and tablets
• Up to 6 TB of secure cloud storage
• Apps with premium features and offline access
• Identity, 1 data, and device security
• Ad-free secure email

Microsoft 365 Personal

• For one person
• 1 TB of cloud storage

Subscription automatically renews. Cancel anytime to stop future charges. 2 Already have a subscription?

Explore even more benefits of Microsoft 365 

Simplify your online security

Keep you and your family safer online with continuous monitoring for threats, real-time alerts, tips, and expert guidance from Microsoft Defender.

Powerful productivity apps

Use Word, Excel, and PowerPoint to collaborate in real time or work offline. 

Trusted storage for priceless memories

Quickly save, share, and edit your photos and files with OneDrive and Microsoft 365.

Make the most of your day

With Outlook as command central, you can spend less time organizing your life and more time enjoying it.

All your ideas in one place

Capture inspiration in text, audio, photos, and videos to create your next big idea with OneNote.

Tell your story, your way

Easily turn captured memories into beautiful videos with Clipchamp and Microsoft 365.

Compare Microsoft 365 with Office

Office home & student 2021.

Save with an annual subscription

Switch to an annual subscription and enjoy the full power of Microsoft 365 for less than paying monthly.

Office Home & Business 2021

• One-time purchase for 1 PC or Mac
• Classic 2021 versions of Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and Outlook
• Access to support experts

Frequently asked questions

What’s the difference between office 2021 (one-time purchase) and microsoft 365 (subscription).

Office 2021 is sold as a one-time purchase, which means you pay a single, up-front cost to get Office apps for one computer. One-time purchases are available for both PCs and Macs. However, there are no upgrade options, which means if you plan to upgrade to the next major release, you'll have to buy it at full price.

Microsoft 365 is a subscription that includes the most collaborative, up-to-date features in one seamless, integrated experience. Microsoft 365 includes the robust Office desktop apps that you’re familiar with, like Word, PowerPoint, and Excel. You also get extra online storage and cloud-connected features that let you collaborate on files in real time. With a subscription, you'll always have the latest features, fixes, and security updates along with ongoing tech support at no extra cost. You can choose to pay for your subscription on a monthly or yearly basis, and the Microsoft 365 Family plan lets you share your subscription with your family for up to 6 people, and use your apps on multiple PCs, Macs, tablets, and phones.

How do I know if my PC or Mac can run Microsoft 365?

Will microsoft 365 be identical on a pc and on a mac, do i keep control of my documents with a microsoft 365 subscription, is internet access required for microsoft 365.

Internet access is required to install and activate all the latest releases of apps and services included in all Microsoft 365 subscription plans. Note that if you are an existing subscriber, you do not need to reinstall or purchase another subscription.

For Microsoft 365 plans, Internet access is also needed to manage your subscription account, for example to install Office apps on other PCs or to change billing options. Internet access is also required to access documents stored on OneDrive, unless you install the  OneDrive desktop app .

You should also connect to the Internet regularly to keep your version of Microsoft 365 up to date and to benefit from automatic upgrades. If you do not connect to the Internet at least every 31 days, your apps will go into reduced functionality mode, which means that you can view or print your documents but cannot edit the documents or create new ones. To reactivate your apps, simply reconnect to the Internet.

You do not need to be connected to the Internet to use the Office apps, such as Word, Excel, and PowerPoint, because the apps are fully installed on your computer.

What is a Microsoft account and why do I need it for Microsoft 365?

Your Microsoft account is the combination of an email address and password that you use to sign in to services like OneDrive, Xbox LIVE, and Outlook.com. If you use any of these services, you already have a Microsoft account that you can use or you can create a new account.  Learn more about a Microsoft account .

As part of signing up for a trial or purchasing Microsoft 365, you will be prompted to sign in with a Microsoft account. You must be signed in with this account to install and manage your Microsoft 365 subscription, or to use some subscription benefits, including cloud storage.

How many people can use a Microsoft 365 subscription?

How do i share my subscription benefits with members of my family, if i’m not paying for a subscription, what do i get for free, what is microsoft defender, what is the difference between microsoft defender and windows security.

Microsoft Defender is a new cross-device app that helps people and families stay safer online. Microsoft Defender adds new features and a simplified, user interface. Microsoft Defender also brings valuable device protection to iOS, Android, Windows, and Mac, with malware protection, web protection, real-time security notifications, and security tips. 1,2 Microsoft Defender is available in the Apple, Google, and Microsoft app stores and requires a Microsoft 365 Personal or Family subscription to use.

Windows Security, formerly known as Windows Defender Security Center, is built-in security on Windows PCs to protect your device and data. Windows Security is pre-installed and automatically enabled. Windows Security includes Microsoft Defender Antivirus software that protects your Windows device and data against viruses, ransomware, trojans, and other malware unless non-Microsoft Antivirus software is active.

What is Clipchamp?

• App availability varies by device/language. Features vary by platform.
• Features and app availability may vary by region.
• [1] Identity theft monitoring is only available in the United States and US territories.
• [2] You can cancel online by visiting the Microsoft Account site . Sign in with the Microsoft account that you used to buy your subscription, and then turn off recurring billing. Then, your subscription will automatically expire when your remaining subscription time is up. For details, see “ How to cancel your Microsoft subscription ” at the Microsoft Support site .

Follow Microsoft 365

More From Forbes

Disaster-proof your online business in 5 steps.

• Share to Facebook
• Share to Twitter
• Share to Linkedin

Hristo Rusev is cofounder and CEO of Scala Hosting and SPanel.io—a cloud-savvy, serial startup entrepreneur.

Forty-three percent of businesses never reopen after a disaster and another 29% fail within two years.

Let that sink in.

Disasters are unpredictable, but their consequences don’t have to be. Whether it’s a hurricane, a cyber-attack or a server meltdown, the ability to bounce back is what separates the survivors from the rest. And in today’s world, where disruptions are happening more frequently and with greater intensity, having a robust disaster recovery plan is essential.

The good news is that with the right preparation, you can help disaster-proof your business. Imagine the peace of mind knowing that no matter what happens, your operations can continue with minimal interruption. That’s what we’re going to explore—how to ensure your business stays up and running, even when the unexpected strikes. Let’s dive into the steps that can safeguard your business’s future.

1. Develop a comprehensive disaster recovery plan.

What’s most important to your business? If disaster struck right now, which systems and data would you need back online immediately? Identifying these critical components is step one in building a rock-solid disaster recovery plan.

Google Is Deleting Gmail Accounts—3 Steps Needed To Keep Yours

Blackrock issues serious fed warning as crypto suddenly braces for a predicted 50% bitcoin price crash, harris surges past trump in election betting markets after first presidential debate.

Next on the list is backups—regular, reliable backups. Whether it's daily or weekly, make sure it suits your operations. But don’t store them only on-site; use the cloud. It’s safer and ensures that when disaster strikes, your data isn’t lost.

And having backups isn’t enough. You need to know how quickly you can recover. That’s where recovery time objectives (RTOs) and recovery point objectives (RPOs) come in. RTO is about how fast you can get back to business while RPO is about how much data you can afford to lose. In both cases, the shorter the time, the better.

2. Create a solid business continuity plan.

What if disaster strikes? What happens next? To answer that you need a business continuity plan (BCP). Start with a business impact analysis (BIA) to know exactly how different disruptions will impact your operations.

Next comes a risk assessment. Identify the likely threats—cyber-attacks, natural disasters, technical failures and so on. But here’s the kicker; Coveware reports that about 82% of ransomware attacks focus on businesses with fewer than 1,000 employees, so don’t think it can’t happen to you.

So, what do you do? Implement continuity strategies such as redundant systems, diversified suppliers and cloud solutions. The goal is to keep your business running no matter what. And don’t forget about communication. When disaster strikes, clear and timely communication with your team, customers and stakeholders is key.

3. Leverage reliable hosting and cloud services.

Let’s talk about the backbone of your online business—your hosting and cloud services. When disaster hits, these are your first line of defense.

A reliable hosting provider can be the difference between a brief hiccup and a full-blown catastrophe. Downtime means lost revenue, lost customers and lost trust. That’s why you need a provider that guarantees high availability—think 99.99% uptime. But don’t just take their word for it. Look for providers with redundant data centers, robust backup solutions and strong disaster recovery protocols.

The reality is harsh. According to Gartner , 70% of organizations are ill-prepared for disaster recovery. Your goal should be to not be in that 70%. Instead, leverage cloud-based backups. They’re secure, scalable and, most importantly, they allow for quick restoration of your data so you're not waiting hours or days to get back online.

High availability strategies are also crucial. Multi-server clusters, load balancing and failover systems aren’t just optional—they’re essential. These measures ensure that even if one server fails, your operations continue without interruption.

The takeaway is to choose your hosting and cloud services carefully. The survival of your business could depend on it.

4. Regularly update and test your plans.

A plan is only as good as its last update. The business world is constantly changing, and so are the threats. That’s why your disaster recovery and business continuity plans need to evolve with your business.

Still, updates alone aren’t enough. You need to test your plans. Conduct simulations, run drills and involve your entire team. When disaster strikes, everyone should know their role.

Training is another key component. Your employees need to be well-versed in the plan. Regular training sessions ensure everyone stays sharp.

5. Implement best practices for ongoing protection.

You’ve got the plans, the backups and the training, but how do you keep your business protected in the long run? The simple answer is continuous vigilance.

Start with continuous monitoring by implementing tools that keep an eye on your systems 24/7. These tools can detect potential threats before they become full-blown problems. Early detection means early action, and that can make all the difference.

Regular risk assessments are crucial too. The digital landscape changes quickly, and so do the threats. Conduct regular assessments to identify new vulnerabilities and update your protection measures. And don’t forget to stay informed. Cybersecurity is constantly evolving, so make it a habit to stay up to date with the latest trends.

Finally, adapt your plans to your evolving business needs. As your business grows and changes, so should your disaster recovery and business continuity plans. In essence—monitor, assess, stay informed and adapt. It’s the ongoing commitment that keeps your business resilient, no matter what the future holds.

Disasters are inevitable; survival isn’t. A well-thought-out disaster recovery and business continuity plan can make all the difference. From developing robust recovery strategies to leveraging reliable hosting, every step you take today secures your business’s tomorrow.

However, resilience isn’t built overnight. It’s an ongoing commitment. Stay vigilant, stay prepared and give your business the best chance to thrive, no matter what comes your way.

Forbes Technology Council is an invitation-only community for world-class CIOs, CTOs and technology executives. Do I qualify?

• Editorial Standards
• Reprints & Permissions

• Updated Terms of Use
• New Privacy Policy
• Your Privacy Choices
• Closed Captioning Policy

Quotes displayed in real-time or delayed by at least 15 minutes. Market data provided by  Factset . Powered and implemented by  FactSet Digital Solutions .  Legal Statement .

This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed. ©2024 FOX News Network, LLC. All rights reserved. FAQ - New Privacy Policy

Company plans to track workers' locations in return-to-office crackdown

Pwc said the policy will take effect in january.

FOX Business Flash top headlines for September 9

Check out what's clicking on FoxBusiness.com.

One of the world's biggest consulting and accounting firms plans to monitor its employees' locations to ensure compliance with a stricter return-to-office policy set to take effect next year. 

PricewaterhouseCoopers, known as PwC, announced that its U.K. branch is "placing more emphasis on in-person working." It initiated a new policy that requires staff to spend at least three days a week, or 60% of their time, in the office or with clients. That's up from the previously mandated two to three days in the office or with clients, according to the firm.

In an internal email, staffers were told that the company would be sharing their location data with them on a monthly basis, a PwC spokesperson told FOX Business. 

AMAZON CEO ON STAFF RESISTING RETURN TO THE OFFICE: ‘PROBABLY WON’T WORK OUT’ FOR THEM

The logo of PricewaterhouseCoopers International (PwC) can be seen on a stele in front of the company's Munich headquarters on August 29, 2024 in Munich (Bavaria). (Matthias Balk/picture alliance via Getty Images / Getty Images)

"The new policy tips the balance of our working week into being located alongside clients and colleagues," PwC U.K. Managing Partner Laura Hinton said, adding that "this feels right for our business and right for our people, given our focus on client service, coaching, and learning and development." 

FACEBOOK PARENT META PLATFORMS BRINGING WORKERS BACK TO OFFICE THREE TIMES A WEEK

The policy takes effect in January, which PwC says will give staff time to "plan for these arrangements." 

If an employee's data shows they are "consistently breaching the policy," PwC would first seek to understand why, a spokesperson said. 

There has been a wave of companies, especially in the tech sector , that have required employees to come back to the office as the pandemic subsided. 

GET FOX BUSINESS ON THE GO BY CLICKING HERE

In 2023, Amazon, now requiring employees to be in person three days a week, warned that employees who don't comply with its return-to-office policy could get fired. It would also jeopardize an employee's chance of getting a promotion, according to several reports. 

The PricewaterhouseCoopers International Limited logo is being displayed at its pavilion during the Mobile World Congress in Barcelona, Spain, on Feb. 28, 2024. (Joan Cros/NurPhoto via Getty Images / Getty Images)

Meta employees who weren't fully remote were also required in 2023 to come back to the office at least three days per week. 

JPMorgan Chase CEO Jamie Dimon has been vocal about flaws associated with working from home. His firm, along with Morgan Stanley and Goldman Sachs took steps in the fall of 2022 to reduce remote work. 

JPMorgan had return-to-office pushes for top trading staffers in late 2020 and for managing directors in 2023.

FOX Business' Aislinn Murphy contributed to this report.