effects of drugs abuse on society essay

Impacts of Drugs on the Society

Drug usage has been a crucial issue worldwide for many decades. It impacts not only the particular individuals addicted to illegal substances but also the surrounding around them, and eventually, it leads to massive social issues. This essay aims to identify drug addiction’s influence on society on the local, national, and global scale. Therefore, it will observe the reasons and causes of the addiction and the ways of preventing it.

The problems with drug addiction, first of all, begin in the local community and family in particular. When some family member becomes addicted, it launches the chain of consequences that affect other spheres of an individual’s life. If the parents face that problem, they start to neglect the child and disregard their parental duties, consequently leading to the worsening of the child’s physical and mental well-being. Often, they lack the necessary care, clothes, shelter, and unsafe living conditions (Alexis). In the worst cases, children eventually can appear in the orphanage.

Otherwise, when the younger member is affected by the illegal substances’ usage, parents struggle to gain their children’s trust while trying to lead them to the path of problem recognition and recovery. In addition to all the problems, children usually develop a co-dependent pattern of relationships. As they become adults, the victims of drug abuse in the family are more likely to get into destructive relationships. Therefore, people addicted to drugs risk sacrificing close relationships with their family, experience the loss of a family member, lower their chances of a successful future, quality education, and profession.

Evaluating the consequences of drug use on the national scale, the most demonstrative example is the overuse of opium among the citizens of the United States. Opium is one of the most common medications that people get addicted to accidentally or purposely use along with other substances. Although the financial expenses of opium overuse have peaked at $78.5 billion in 2013, those are not the only costs to the nation that brought the addiction (Umhau). Eventually, it increases crimes and violations, different kinds of abuse, deaths, and the spread of infections such as HIV/AIDS (Umhau). It results in the workplace’s overall productivity and performance for persons who struggle with addiction failing to fulfill their duties. Those who have any addiction develop an indifference to the significant spheres of life and decrease job involvement resulting in an economic state.

Assessing the impact of drugs addiction on the global scale, the first thing to mention is the massive amount of deaths. In 2019 the drug use caused the death of about half a million people, along with the social, health financial losses that the population has experienced. (World Drug Report 3). Moreover, it contributes to the spread and progression of multiple dangerous illnesses and diseases, for example, Hepatitis C. It becomes evident that this issue affects the population worldwide mainly with the same consequences and outcomes. Drug addiction stops the economy from developing because people are neglecting their education and jobs. At the same time, the governments spend a decent amount of money to fight the drug supply and the population’s addiction. Despite all the danger that illegal substances cause to humans, public perception is changing along with the legislation of cannabis. For instance, the other drugs start to seem less threatening and more socially acceptable.

To address the issue of the economic consequences, the case of heroin will serve as an example. In the past decades, the number of young adults using heroin has doubled, and now there are one million users in the united states. As the supplements cocaine and methamphetamine often come as supplements and induce the further over usage of the substances (Umhau). However, trying to measure the costs of the particular opiate heroin has one of the leading positions.

The heroin users themselves cost the government around $44,950, considering all the expenses of dealing with crime, health, and social issues caused by the addiction (National Institute on Drug Abuse). Although the person addicted to heroin gets to jail, the costs increase and result in $74,428 per person when part of it is due to the productivity loss (National Institute on Drug Abuse). The overall costs of heroin addiction take a significant amount of the government budget when the citizen’s taxes could be spent on dealing with critical health or social problems

Since there are many illegal substances and drugs with multiple effects and ways of supply, it takes an individual approach to each case. Considering the misuse of opioids is one of the most widespread issues connected to drug addiction, there are some methods to manage the problem. Firstly, it can be great to start with improving the system of healthcare, specifically – access to treatment and the process of healing. The department might develop more effective alternative ways of accessing medical help and recovering after the treatment so people will not need to use opioids that often. Secondly, the promotion of reverse medication that helps with overdoses would save many people’s lives and prevent multiple deaths.

In addition to the prevention methods, governments should work on better practices for dealing with pain (Thometz). When people have an alternative to medications and painkillers, it will eventually decrease opioid overuse. It is crucial to provide the population with various safe choices to help themselves without being at risk of getting an addiction.

Examining the factors that lead people to use substances, the role of the power dynamics has a significant contribution to it. Considering genders, men usually are more prone to different kinds of addiction, whether it is alcohol, drugs, nicotine, or video games. However, recent research supposes that the gap between male and female addiction is disappearing, particularly among young adults. (Footprints to recovery). While men more often experience overdoses, women are tended to get addicted more quickly and at a younger age. When adolescents start using drugs, their habit has a higher chance of growing into addiction when they become older.

Among the racial groups, the marginal parts of the society suffer from drug use often as well, still, there is no connection between the addiction and race or ethnicity. It can result in systematic racism and oppression (Footprints to recovery). Socioeconomic status is another factor that impacts the predisposition of substance use, especially among teenagers, for they have few material limits and more opportunities for experimentations. Thus, some aspects can cause the reasons and circumstances for drug use, but it still mostly depends on the environment that the person grows and exists.

In conclusion, the problem of drug addiction is still relevant nowadays, and it influences all the spheres of an individual’s life. Moreover, it affects society locally, nationally, and globally because the issue of drug addiction is still widespread all over the world. To prevent the population from addiction, the government should develop measures to prevent people from seeking additional measures of relieving pain or escaping reality with its problems. Despite all the researchers and policies implemented, drug addiction is a massive and challenging global issue that still requires a decent amount of work to reach some progress.

Works Cited

Alexis, Isaac. “How Does Drug Abuse Affect Society and You?” Vertava Health . 2019. Web.

Umhau, John C. “ How Drug Use Affects Our Society. ” Very well mind . 2020. Web.

World Drug Report 2021. United Nations publication , 2021. Web.

National Institute on Drug Abuse. Opioids. Web.

Thometz, Kristen. “ Heroin Use Costs Society $51.2 Billion, Says UIC Study ”. WTTW, 2017.

Footprints to recovery. Addiction by Race, Gender, and More: Who Does It Affect? Web.

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Consequences of Drug Abuse

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Benefits of Using Drugs

Drawbacks of drug use.

Currently, people around the globe have access to a wider range of substances than ever was available to the mankind. While some substances are prescribed by healthcare practitioners to relieve pain or combat virus, others are purchased illegally for recreational purposes. The endless stream of drugs, obtainable to the individuals with little or no restrictions, poses a serious inquiry. The question is as follows – is drug use a curse or a blessing of the twenty-first century?

Attributable to environmental, social, and cultural factors, research behind drug use fails to explain why some people tend to abuse substances while others can control themselves when it comes to developing addictions. Essentially, addiction does not develop overnight rather being a consequence of using drugs with habit-forming characteristics. Therefore, there is no absolute answer to the everlasting dilemma of using drugs, and two sides need to be evaluated separately.

When assessing the advantages of using pharmaceutical drugs, it is essential to consider the severity of health conditions existing. Advanced pharmaceutical drugs allow to decrease or completely eliminate the suffering of people, minimizing their physical pain (Earp et al. 136). Apart from serving as painkillers, medical substances frequently prevent individuals from getting diseases. Vaccines, immune modulating drugs, and vitamin supplements constitute only a small portion of such substances. For example, cases of smallpox were almost annihilated with the introduction of Fleming’s vaccination in 1800. Similarly to polio, a life-threatening illness leading to permanent paralysis, which was eradicated with the help of vaccines.

Medical drugs also allow people with incurable diseases to live longer and more comfortably. With the use of daily treatments, patients with diabetes, HIV, and depression substantially improve their quality of life, reducing symptoms and pain associated with them (Earp et al. 146). Antibiotics are vital for the treatment of bacterial infections, while marijuana is effective for cancer patients. Consequently, the aforementioned advantages of using drugs advocate for the positive side of the discussion.

At its core, drug use is not harmful to people, bringing a variety of benefits to patients suffering from severe diseases. Yet, the problem arises when individuals start confusing drug use with abuse. A clear line should be drawn between consuming prescribed medical substances to treat a health condition and taking drugs without medical assistance (Earp et al. 136). The three major clusters of the issue should be addressed:

• recreational drugs;
• prescription drugs;
• unethical healthcare treatment.

First, abuse of recreational drugs is prevalent among common people due to the availability and accessibility of the so-called street substances. Reasons why individuals decide to take drugs vary depending on their ultimate goal. For instance, heroin and cocaine lead to euphorical feelings; LSD causes hallucinations; Marijuana relaxes and induces good mood. Abuse of recreational drugs is likely to result in loss of employment, crime, divorce, lower performance at school, and other consequences discussed later (Earp et al. 137). Second, Abuse of prescription drugs occurs when patients decide to present misleading information to the doctors in order to obtain necessary drugs.

One of the most commonly abused prescribed substance is marijuana. As people are seeking to use medical characteristics of cannabis to induce mood without the corresponding health condition, the addiction appears quick to develop (Earp et al. 147). Third, unethical healthcare practices constitute another cluster of drug abuse. When doctors refuse to seek causes for the real diagnosis of the person and prescribe a painkiller to ease the symptoms, patients are likely to grow the addiction to the substance consumed.

All the aforementioned constituents of drug abuse may have similar negative effects on the individual’s wellness. People facing drug abuse are more likely to engage in delinquency and commit crimes than those refusing to take substances (Earp et al. 141). While there is no proven causal relationship between drug addiction and felony, the established positive correlation suggests that individuals abusing drugs often fall under the influence of negative peer groups (Earp et al. 142).

Such adverse impact of the peers is the primary reason for higher crime rates among the addicts. With the loss of judgement and independence, addicts can find it difficult to combat stress, irritability, and anxiety, searching for alternative sources to restore the lost feeling of control over one’s life. In this case, violence and behavioral misconduct appear as accessible options.

Drug addiction oftentimes results in distorted social interaction with friends, colleagues, and family members. There is an observed tendency for drug users to distant themselves from their significant others which leads to psychological, financial, and emotional crisis of the social units (Earp et al. 138). Substance abuse impairs judgment and decreases decision-making ability, contributing to the feelings of hostility and aggression (Earp et al. 139).

Furthermore, drug abusers may alienate themselves from peers, disengaging from the usual community events. Other psychosocial dysfunctions prevalent among drug addicts include but are not limited to apathy, withdrawal, and depression, proving that people who abuse substances are more susceptible to mental problems (Earp et al. 140). In this case, mental impairments range from personality disorders to learning disabilities, as individuals struggle to maintain healthy psychomotor skills and memory capacity.

Apart from distorted social interaction, drug addiction is closely associated with the decline in the academic or professional performance. One explanation behind such finding is that drug abusers are subject to absenting from work-related activities. Another reason is cognitive and behavioral problems induced by alcohol and drug addiction that interfere with the academic performance (Earp et al. 142).

For example, drug abuse has harmful effects on the patient’s perception skills, concentration, and motor function that is one of the reasons why driving under the influence of substances is so dangerous. Behavioral problems associated with drug addiction are closely linked to the lack of judgment and controlled impulse among the substance abusers (Earp et al. 142). Adverse behavioral patterns vary from sharing used needless to engaging into non-consensual sexual activities with a high risk of getting STD.

It is evident that drugs are strongly beneficial for people suffering from severe illnesses. Minimizing pains, decreasing the risk of obtaining contagious disease, and treating existing conditions are few of the advantages of medical substances. Yet, the issue arises as drugs in harmful doses remain highly accessible for common people to purchase. Damaging to health, substances can also have negative consequences on the person’s social interactions, resulting in job losses, imprisonment, and toxic relationships. When making an informed decision to consume drugs, an individual should be able to find a balance between medical drugs that save lives and abused substances that substantially decrease life quality.

Earp, Brian D., et al. “Addiction, Identity, Morality.” AJOB Empirical Bioethics , vol. 10, no. 2, 2019, pp. 136–153. Web.

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The Effects of Drug Addiction on the Brain and Body

Signs of drug addiction, effects of drug addiction.

Drug addiction is a treatable, chronic medical disease that involves complex interactions between a person’s environment, brain circuits, genetics, and life experiences.

People with drug addictions continue to use drugs compulsively, despite the negative effects.

Substance abuse has many potential consequences, including overdose and death. Learn about the effects of drug addiction on the mind and body and treatment options that can help.

Verywell / Theresa Chiechi

Drug Abuse vs. Drug Addiction

While the terms “drug abuse” and “drug addiction” are often used interchangeably, they're different. Someone who abuses drugs uses a substance too much, too frequently, or in otherwise unhealthy ways. However, they ultimately have control over their substance use.

Someone with a drug addiction uses drugs in a way that affects many parts of their life and causes major disruptions. They can't stop using drugs, even if they want to.

The signs of drug abuse and addiction include changes in behavior, personality, and physical appearance. If you’re concerned about a loved one’s substance use, here are some of the red flags to watch out for:

• Changes in school or work performance
• Secretiveness 
• Relationship problems
• Risk-taking behavior
• Legal problems
• Aggression 
• Mood swings
• Changes in hobbies or friends
• Sudden weight loss or gain
• Unexplained odors on the body or clothing

Drug Addiction in Men and Women

Men and women are equally likely to develop drug addictions. However, men are more likely than women to use illicit drugs, die from a drug overdose, and visit an emergency room for addiction-related health reasons. Women are more susceptible to intense cravings and repeated relapses.

People can become addicted to any psychoactive ("mind-altering") substance. Common addictive substances include alcohol , tobacco ( nicotine ), stimulants, hallucinogens, and opioids .

Many of the effects of drug addiction are similar, no matter what substance someone uses. The following are some of the most common effects of drug addiction.

Effects of Drug Addiction on the Body

Drug addiction can lead to a variety of physical consequences ranging in seriousness from drowsiness to organ damage and death:

• Shallow breathing
• Elevated body temperature
• Rapid heart rate
• Increased blood pressure
• Impaired coordination and slurred speech
• Decreased or increased appetite
• Tooth decay
• Skin damage
• Sexual dysfunction
• Infertility
• Kidney damage
• Liver damage and cirrhosis
• Various forms of cancer
• Cardiovascular problems
• Lung problems
• Overdose and death

If left untreated drug addiction can lead to serious, life-altering effects on the body.

Dependence and withdrawal also affect the body:

• Physical dependence : Refers to the reliance on a substance to function day to day. People can become physically dependent on a substance fairly quickly. Dependence does not always mean someone is addicted, but the longer someone uses drugs, the more likely their dependency is to become an addiction.
• Withdrawal : When someone with a dependence stops using a drug, they can experience withdrawal symptoms like excessive sweating, tremors, panic, difficulty breathing, fatigue , irritability, and flu-like symptoms.

Overdose Deaths in the United States

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), over 100,000 people in the U.S. died from a drug overdose in 2021.

Effects of Drug Addiction on the Brain

All basic functions in the body are regulated by the brain. But, more than that, your brain is who you are. It controls how you interpret and respond to life experiences and the ways you behave as a result of undergoing those experiences.

Drugs alter important areas of the brain. When someone continues to use drugs, their health can deteriorate both psychologically and neurologically.

Some of the most common mental effects of drug addiction are:

• Cognitive decline
• Memory loss
• Mood changes and paranoia
• Poor self/impulse control
• Disruption to areas of the brain controlling basic functions (heart rate, breathing, sleep, etc.)

Effects of Drug Addiction on Behavior

Psychoactive substances affect the parts of the brain that involve reward, pleasure, and risk. They produce a sense of euphoria and well-being by flooding the brain with dopamine .

This leads people to compulsively use drugs in search of another euphoric “high.” The consequences of these neurological changes can be either temporary or permanent. 

• Difficulty concentrating
• Irritability 
• Angry outbursts
• Lack of inhibition 
• Decreased pleasure/enjoyment in daily life (e.g., eating, socializing, and sex)
• Hallucinations

Help Someone With Drug Addiction

If you suspect that a loved one is experiencing drug addiction, address your concerns honestly, non-confrontationally, and without judgment. Focus on building trust and maintaining an open line of communication while setting healthy boundaries to keep yourself and others safe. If you need help, contact the SAMHSA National Helpline at 1-800-662-4357.

Effects of Drug Addiction on an Unborn Child

Drug addiction during pregnancy can cause serious negative outcomes for both mother and child, including:

• Preterm birth
• Maternal mortality

Drug addiction during pregnancy can lead to neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) . Essentially, the baby goes into withdrawal after birth. Symptoms of NAS differ depending on which drug has been used but can include:

• Excessive crying
• Sleeping and feeding issues

Children exposed to drugs before birth may go on to develop issues with behavior, attention, and thinking. It's unclear whether prenatal drug exposure continues to affect behavior and the brain beyond adolescence.  

While there is no single “cure” for drug addiction, there are ways to treat it. Treatment can help you control your addiction and stay drug-free. The primary methods of treating drug addiction include:

• Psychotherapy : Psychotherapy, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or family therapy , can help someone with a drug addiction develop healthier ways of thinking and behaving.
• Behavioral therapy : Common behavioral therapies for drug addiction include motivational enhancement therapy (MET) and contingency management (CM). These therapy approaches build coping skills and provide positive reinforcement.
• Medication : Certain prescribed medications help to ease withdrawal symptoms. Some examples are naltrexone (for alcohol), bupropion (for nicotine), and methadone (for opioids).
• Hospitalization : Some people with drug addiction might need to be hospitalized to detox from a substance before beginning long-term treatment.
• Support groups : Peer support and self-help groups, such as 12-step programs like Alcoholics Anonymous, can help people with drug addictions find support, resources, and accountability.

A combination of medication and behavioral therapy has been found to have the highest success rates in preventing relapse and promoting recovery. Forming an individualized treatment plan with your healthcare provider's help is likely to be the most effective approach.

Drug addiction is a complex, chronic medical disease that causes someone to compulsively use psychoactive substances despite the negative consequences.

Some effects of drug abuse and addiction include changes in appetite, mood, and sleep patterns. More serious health issues such as cognitive decline, major organ damage, overdose, and death are also risks. Addiction to drugs while pregnant can lead to serious outcomes for both mother and child.

Treatment for drug addiction may involve psychotherapy , medication, hospitalization, support groups, or a combination.

If you or someone you know is experiencing substance abuse or addiction, contact the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) National Helpline at 1-800-662-4357.

American Society of Addiction Medicine. Definition of addiction .

HelpGuide.org. Drug Abuse and Addiction .

Tennessee Department of Mental Health & Substance Abuse Services. Warning signs of drug abuse .

National Institute on Drug Abuse. Sex and gender differences in substance use .

Cleveland Clinic. Drug addiction .

National Institute on Drug Abuse. Drugs, Brains, and Behavior: The Science of Addiction Drugs and the Brain .

American Heart Association. Illegal Drugs and Heart Disease .

American Addiction Centers. Get the facts on substance abuse .

Szalavitz M, Rigg KK, Wakeman SE. Drug dependence is not addiction-and it matters . Ann Med . 2021;53(1):1989-1992. doi:10.1080/07853890.2021.1995623

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Drug overdose deaths in the U.S. top 100,000 annually .

American Psychological Association. Cognition is central to drug addiction .

National Institute on Drug Abuse. Understanding Drug Use and Addiction DrugFacts .

MedlinePlus. Neonatal abstinence syndrome .

National Institute on Drug Abuse. Treatment and recovery .

Grella CE, Stein JA.  Remission from substance dependence: differences between individuals in a general population longitudinal survey who do and do not seek help . Drug and Alcohol Dependence.  2013;133(1):146-153. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.05.019

By Laura Dorwart Dr. Dorwart has a Ph.D. from UC San Diego and is a health journalist interested in mental health, pregnancy, and disability rights.

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Effects, Causes and Prevention of Drug Abuse in the Society

Table of contents, what are the causes and effects of drug abuse, ways to prevent drug abuse, its causes and effects.

• Centore, M. (2016). Causes of drug abuse. New York: Mason Crest.
• Charkravarthy, B., Shah, S. & Lotfipour, S. (2013). Adolescent drug abuse-awareness and prevention. Indian Journal of Medical Research, 137 (6), 1021-1023.
• Kempf, C., Llorca, P., Pizon, F., Brousse, G. & Flaudias, V. (2017). What’s new in addiction prevention in young people: A literature review of the last years of research. Frontiers In Psychology, 8, 1131.
• Kumpfer, K. (2014). Family based interventions for the prevention of substance abuse and other impulse control disorders in girls. International Scholarly Research Notices, 2014, 1-23.
• Malick, R. (2018). Prevention of substance use disorders in the community and work place. Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 60 (4), S559-S563.
• Spector, M. (2014). Labeling Theory in Social Problems, Volume 24, Issue 1, 69-75.
• Whitesell, M., Bachand, A., Peel, J. & Brown, M. (2013). Familial, social, and individual factors contributing to risk for adolescent substance abuse. Journal of Addiction, 2013, 579310.

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Home / Essay Samples / Health / Drug Addiction / Effects of Drugs on Society Essay: Drug Abuse During the Pandemic

Effects of Drugs on Society Essay: Drug Abuse During the Pandemic

• Category: Health , Crime
• Topic: Covid 19 , Drug Addiction , Drug Trafficking

Pages: 4 (1760 words)

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Introduction

• Depressants (E.g. heroin, barbiturates)
• Stimulants (E.g. cocaine, crack ,amphetamines)
• Hallucinogens (E.g. marijuana, ecstasy, LSD)

Depressants

Hallucinogens, pattern of addiction, the relations between pandemic and drug use among people, reason for people using illegal drugs in pandemic, literature survey, principles of effective drug addiction treatment.

• Addiction is a complex but treatable disease that affects brain function and behavior;
• No single treatment is appropriate for everyone;
• Treatment needs to be readily available;
• Effective treatment attends to multiple needs of the individual, not just his or her drug abuse;
• Remaining in treatment for an adequate period of time is critical;
• Behavioral therapies are the most commonly used forms of drug abuse treatment;
• Medications are an important element of treatment for many patients, especially when combined with counseling and other behavioral therapies;
• An individual’s treatment and services plan must be assessed continually and modified as necessary to ensure that it meets his or her changing needs;
• Many drug-addicted individuals also have other mental disorders;
• Medically assisted detoxification is only the first stage of addiction treatment and by itself does little to change long-term drug abuse;
• Treatment does not need to be voluntary to be effective;
• Drug use during treatment must be monitored continuously, as lapses during treatment do occur;
• Treatment programs should test patients for infectious diseases.
• Abramson, A. (2021, 3 1). apa.orgmonitor202103. 
• Carmita Abdo, E. P. (2020, 9 28). indianjpsychiatry.org. 
• Marrero, E. (2020, 9 10). baptist-health-news. 
• news, M. N. (2021, 6 26). timesnownews.com. 
• Rustam, M. A. (2009). Youth Drug Abuse. In M. A. Rustam, Youth Drug Abuse (p. 100). Melaka,Malaysia.: The World Assembly of Youth.
• Simona Zaami, Enrico Marinelli,Maria Rosaria Vari. (2020, 7 16). frontiersin.org. 

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