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Essay on Cat

The cat is a domestic animal. Its scientific name is Felis catus. It is a small animal that belongs to the “Felidae” family. The cat is the only domesticated species of the family. Other members include tigers, panthers, etc. Cats are adorable animals and are petted by lots of people in the world. They are playful and spending time with them reduces stress and anxiety. In this essay about cats in English , their nature, behaviour and diet have been discussed.

Cat Paragraph in English

Cats are of three types- house cats, farm cats and feral cats. House cats are the cats we pet in our houses. Cats become good friends of humans. Unlike dogs, cats are not very active around their owners. However, they are good emotional companions to their owners. An essay on cats must emphasize the fact that cat-sitting has been proven to be therapeutic by many researchers. 

Any ‘my pet cat essay for Class 6’ must include a few details about the appearance of cats. Cats have very sweet features. It has two beautiful eyes, adorably tiny paws, sharp claws, and two perky ears which are very sensitive to sounds. It has a tiny body covered with smooth fur and it has a furry tail as well. Cats have an adorable face with a tiny nose, a big mouth and a few whiskers under its nose. Cats are generally white in colour but can also be brown, black, grey, cream or buff. 

Cats are omnivores. They eat vegetative items such as rice, milk, pulses, etc. as well as fish, meat, birds, mice, etc. Therefore, cats can feed on both types of food.

It is worth mentioning in this my pet cat essay for Class 6 that cats are considered sacred in several cultures such as the Japanese culture. Cats are often depicted as symbols of wit and honour. Several folklores include stories about the intelligence of cats. 

Apart from being clever and sweet, cats are also skilful hunters. They use their sharp, pointed nails and canines (teeth) to kill animals like snakes, mice and also small birds. Cats are also helpful to their owners as they protect the household from rats. Thus, from this cat essay, it can be said that cats are helpful pets as well.

However, any essay on cats would be incomplete without writing about their babies. A cat offspring is called a “kitten”. Cats are very protective and caring towards their kittens. They feed the kittens and raise them. Kittens are extremely tiny and adorable as well. Their eyes open sometime after they are born. Kittens are very energetic and they spend their time playing with each other and loving their parents. 

Now this cat essay will discuss the nature of cats. Cats are very lazy creatures. They usually spend their time napping and sleeping in warm places. Cats have a slow approach to their lives. They are not very energetic animals and they yawn very adorably whenever they are tired. Cats are very good friends to humans if they trust them. Cats like to sleep close to humans for their body warmth.

A Short My Pet Cat Essay for Class 6

In the following, my favourite pet cat essay, the cat’s behaviour, diet and appearance are discussed. Cat is a domestic animal. Cats are very beautiful and friendly animals. They are very good at hunting rats and snakes.

Cats have two eyes, a tiny nose, two perky ears, four legs and a tail. Their bodies are covered with smooth fur. They have whiskers under their nose. They have sharp claws and tiny paws. Cats are very lazy animals. They sleep a lot during the day. Cats are very good friends to humans. Cats eat both animals and vegetables. 

With that, this cat essay in English comes to its conclusion. This cat essay includes various information about cats in short. In a nutshell, this cat essay for kids discusses why cats are loved by many people.

My Pet Cat Essay for Class 1

Cats are domestic animals. They are small in size. Their bodies are covered with smooth fur. They have two mesmerizing eyes, two highly sensitive ears, four legs, whiskers under their nose and a long tail.

Cats are of three kinds, namely- farm cats, house cats and feral cats. House cats are petted by many people all across the globe. Cats are considered sacred in some traditions and cultures like the Japanese culture. Cats are very witty animals. They are very skilful hunters of rats, snakes, etc. Cats are very lazy pets, they sleep for long hours in a day and they are friendly to people they trust. Cats are not very social animals. Its offspring is called a “kitten”. Cats belong to the same family of tigers and panthers. Cats feed on both vegetables and animals and are, therefore, omnivores. Cats are very beautiful animals and they’re a favourite of many people.

With that, my pet animal cat essay comes to an end. In this essay on cats for class 1, their types, appearance, behaviour, diet and nature are discussed. These are some reasons why cats are adored by many.

FAQs on Cat Essay

1. What is a Cat’s Average Lifespan?

A cat’s average lifespan ranges from two to sixteen years. This is usually in the case of indoor cats as compared to street cats whose lifespan extends only up to 5 years.  The lifespan of a cat depends on the lifestyle they adapt to as well as the environmental hazards they are protected from. A person must contact a veterinarian and use the tips given to ensure that the cat is able to survive longer and lead a healthier lifestyle.

2. How Many Breeds of Cats are There on the Planet?

There are sixty recognized cat breeds in the world at present. Some of them are- Persian cats, Birman, Siberian cats, Siamese cats, British Shorthair, American Shorthair, etc. Some of the most common cat breeds known are Domestic shorthair, American shorthair, Domestic Longhair, Russian Blue, Bengal, Scottish Fold, etc. Different breeds have different characteristics in terms of their behaviour, personalities and needs. Some of them are reserved and short-tempered while some are extremely affectionate and loving. There are some breeds that are extremely independent while others are devoted to their owners.

3. How do Cats Clean Themselves?

The tongues of cats are scaly and they are excellent for cleaning the fur of cats. Cats keep their fur clean by licking their bodies. They are epitomes of cleanliness in terms of hygiene and hence use their tongue, paws and teeth to clean themselves clean. They use their rough/barbed tongues to lick, the paws for absorbing moisture and using it to clean off the dirt as well as their teeth to pick out the stubborn specks from their body.

4. How do we know that a cat is suffering from a health issue?

Cat owners must be very vigilant about the health of their cats by observing changes in their movements time and again. Once a cat reaches a certain age, it is obvious that their diet routine and their behaviour. For those cats suffering from major infections or diseases, regular checkups at the vet are mandatory. Once every two months is the recommended period of time to get a cat checked for health issues. Some symptoms like hiding, aggression towards people, loss of interest towards surroundings, neglect to groom or unusual vocalisation should be monitored.

5. What should domestic cats eat?

There is a difference in the diets of domesticated cats and street cats. Most of the time street cats are found to dig through garbage for leftover food for survival or catch smaller live animals as a part of their hunting tactics. In the case of domesticated cats, veterinarians usually suggest a compact diet that is healthy and to the liking of the cats. Regulating the food every day can prevent the cats from being either malnourished or overweight. Cats mostly prefer meat so boiled or cooked fish, chicken or red meat can be included plus cat food containing the same can also help in building their immune system and protect their heart, eyes and bowel movements. Raw meat and dairy products like cheese should be avoided as they are very harmful.

English Compositions

Short Essay on Cat [100, 200, 400 Words] With PDF

Essay writing is an indispensable part of any English writing comprehension syllabus. From lower grades to upper, all kinds of students have a common need to learn essay writing. In today’s session, you are going to learn to write essays on one of the most common animals: cats. Essays on cats have become quite popular in exams during the last few years. So, without further introduction, let’s get started. 

Short Essay on Cat in100 Words

Cats are domestic animals. They are small and cute and are kept as pets. They have bright eyes, tiny paws, sharp claws and a furry body and tail. Most commonly, cats are found in colours like black, white, brown, ginger and orange. They are true carnivores and prey on rats, mice, lizards, snakes, small fishes and other small animals in the wild.

Pet cats can live for 12 to 18 years. Cats have been valued by humans for thousands of years. In ancient Egypt, cats were sacred animals and were worshipped. They were viewed as magical beings by the Persians. Cats are also seen as a symbol of good luck in China and Japan. 

Short Essay on Cat in 200 Words 

Cats are small domestic animals. They belong to the family Felidae and are the only domestic species in their family. Cats can be either house cats who live with people, farm cats who live on farms or feral cats who live on streets or in the wild. Cats are small and cute. They have bright eyes, tiny paws, sharp claws and a furry body and tail. Most commonly, cats are found in colours like black, white, brown, ginger and orange. There are about 60 different varieties of cats. 

Cats are true carnivores and need to eat meat to survive. They prey on rats, mice, lizards, snakes, rabbits, small fishes, small birds and other small animals in the wild. They usually eat many small meals throughout the day. Pet cats are known to love tuna and meats like chicken, turkey and beef. Most cat breeds can live for 12 to 18 years. A few cats have even lived for 25 to 30 years. 

Cats have been living with humans for thousands of years. People valued them not just for their ability to kill rodents and snakes, but also as companions. Ancient cultures like Egypt saw them as sacred and worshipped them. In Persia, they were seen as the messengers of omens and magical beings. In Japan and China, cats symbolise blessings, good luck and fortune and their figurines are often displayed in storefronts. 

Short Essay on Cat in 400 Words 

Cats are small animals that can be easily domesticated. They belong to the family Felidae and subfamily Felinae. Cats are the only domestic species in their family. The wild members of the family include lions, tigers, cougars, panthers, and leopards.

Cats can be either house cats who live with people in houses, farm cats who live on farms, or feral cats who live on streets or in the wild and generally avoid people. Cats are small and cute. They have bright eyes, tiny paws, sharp teeth, retractable claws and a furry body and tail. Most commonly, cats are found in colours like black, white, brown, ginger and orange. There are about 60 different varieties of cats. 

Cats are true carnivores and need to eat meat in order to survive. Their night vision and sense of smell are well-developed. They mostly hunt during dawn or at dusk. Cats prey on rats, mice, lizards, snakes, rabbits, small fishes, small birds and other small animals in the wild.

Pet cats are known to love fishes like tuna, salmon, and sardines and meats like chicken, turkey, and beef. Cats are believed to be the only mammals who do not taste sweetness. There are many predators that prey on cats. Some larger predators include cougars, coyotes, raccoons, and wolves, while smaller animals like hawks, eagles, snakes, and owls also hunt cats. 

Most cat breeds can live for 12 to 18 years. A few cats have even lived for 25 to 30 years. Cats usually have kittens from spring to late autumn and their average litter size is four to six. Burmese, Siamese, and Persian cats are known to have the largest average litter. Cats are social animals. In feral conditions, while many cats live alone, others form colonies and live together around food sources. Cats are very territorial and mark their areas by urine spraying, rubbing facial secretions, and defecation. 

Cats have been living with humans for thousands of years. They were first domesticated in the Near East around 7500 BC. People valued them not just for their ability to kill rodents and snakes, but also as companions. Ancient cultures like Egypt saw them as sacred and worshipped them. In Persia, they were seen as the messengers of omens and magical beings. In Japan and China, cats symbolise blessings, good luck and fortune, and their figurines are often displayed in storefronts. According to estimates, there are around 220 million owned and 480 million stray cats today. 

That’s all about today’s session on writing essays on cats. In this essay, I have tried to discuss many different aspects of cats. Hopefully, after going through this session, you have holistic clarity about the topic we have just discussed. If you still have any queries, let me know through some quick comments. And keep browsing the website to read more such essays and other writing comprehensions. 

Join us on Telegram to get the latest updates about our upcoming session. Thanks for being with us. See you again, soon. 

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Essay On Cat

Cats are domesticated animals. ‘Felis catus’ is its scientific term. It is a little animal from the "Felidae" family. The cat is the only member of this family that has undergone domestication. This family of animals also comprises tigers, panthers, and other animals. Domesticated cats are popularly loved because of their cuteness and playful nature. Playing with them makes you feel less stressed and anxious.

100 Words Essay On Cat

200 words essay on cat, 500 words essay on cat.

There are three different types of cats: domestic cats, farm cats, and feral cats. People all across the world love to pet house cats. In various customs and cultures, such as the Japanese culture, cats are revered. Cats are smart animals. They are expert hunters of snakes, rats, etc. Cats are extremely slothful pets; they sleep for lengthy periods of time each day and are kind to those they know and trust. Cats are not particularly sociable. Its child is known as a "kitten." The same family as tigers and panthers includes cats. Cats are omnivores because they eat both plants and animals for food.

The face of a cat is lovely, with a little nose, a large mouth, and some whiskers under the nose. Although they can also be brown, black, grey, cream, or buff, cats are often white in colour.

Food Habits | Cats are omnivorous. They consume fish, meat, fowl, mice, rice, milk, and other vegetative foods in addition to these animal foods. Cats can therefore eat both sorts of food.

Hunting Skills | Cats are not only smart and affectionate but also skilled hunters. They kill creatures, including snakes, mice, and small birds, using their sharp, pointed nails and canines (teeth).

Offsprings | Cats’ offsprings are referred to as ‘kittens’. Cats are incredibly nurturing and guarding of their young. The kittens are raised and fed by them. Kittens are incredibly cute and tiny. Sometime after birth, their eyes open. They have a lot of energy, and they enjoy playing with one another and cuddling with their parents.

Good Pets | Cats are beneficial to their owners because they keep rats out of the house. This is one of the reasons why cats make good pets. Cats are extremely slothful animals. They typically spend their days sleeping and taking naps in warm locations. The pace of life for cats is leisurely. They are not particularly spirited animals, and whenever they are exhausted, they yawn quite cutely. If cats trust people, they can make excellent buddies with them. Cats want to sleep near people because they are warm.

There were 480 million stray cats and 220 million owned cats in the globe as of 2021, according to estimates. With 95.6 million domestic cats owned and 42 million households having at least one cat, domestic cats were the second most common pet in the United States as of 2017. In the UK, 10.9 million cats are thought to be kept as pets, with 26% of adults in the country having one. I keep a fluffy white pet cat as a pet.

Features Of Cats | Although all cats appear to be the same, there are more than 55 different cat breeds. They have excellent night vision, and their flexible bodies make it simple for them to leap from one place to another. They can easily locate the milk because of their keen sense of smell.

Domestication Of Cats | Cats were revered in ancient Egypt starting around 3100 BC. Therefore it was long believed that the domestication of cats started there. However, more recent discoveries in archaeology and genetics have revealed that the domestication of cats actually started in Western Asia around 7500 BC. Later on, Egyptian wildcats contributed to the domestic cat's maternal gene pool.

Breed Development | Cat breed development began in the middle of the 19th century. According to genomic research of domestic cats, the DNA of their wild ancestors underwent significant change during domestication as particular mutations were chosen to create different cat breeds. Most breeds originated from household cats that were randomly bred. These breeds' genetic diversity varies by area and is lowest in purebred populations, which have over 20 harmful genetic illnesses.

My parents made the decision to bring me a pet because I am a single child. I immediately decided on a cat when they asked if I wanted a dog or a cat. My heart raced as my father drove me to a pet store because of this adorable white kitten with grey ears. Since we brought it home, it has been my closest companion. Its name is Rosie.

Rosie has been living with us for the past two years and has integrated herself into our family. I enjoy using it for play. Every evening I play with it in the house and also take it to the park. With my mother's assistance, I bathe it twice a month. Rosie and I both have a lot of fun when we take baths. Every day, my mother makes a point of combing Rosie's hairy coat. Rosie has her own set of combs, brushes, shampoo, and soaps. Her diet is likewise well-cared for by us. For her, we bring a special cat meal home. I cherish my beloved cat.

Although we cannot completely replace humans, my cats still adore me, and I adore them. We play together and engage in a variety of activities that bring joy to both of us. If you've ever kept a cat as a pet, as I did, you'll understand. I adore and appreciate being around my cat. Rosie is lovely, playful, and happy.

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Essay on Cat: Samples for Students in 100, 200, and 300 Words

• Updated on  
• Jan 29, 2024

Cats are adorable pets. They are furry, cute and cuddly and are loved by most people. Their silly acts make them a favourite among people. Cats have been around for thousands of years now it is now sometimes unclear if we have domesticated them or if is it the opposite that is true. There are so many aspects to cats. We have included several things related to cats in the samples of our essay on Cat. let’s have a look at the same!

Table of Contents

• 1 Essay on Cat in 100 words
• 2 Essay on Cat in 200 words
• 3 Essay on Cat in 300 words

Also Read:- Essay on Waste Management

Essay on Cat in 100 words

I have a pet cat and her name is Hermoine. She is white in color. We brought her home when she was only 8 weeks old kitten. Now, she is 1 year old. I love to play with her. We have a ball for her that she likes to chase around the house. Most of the time she is playing, she likes to eat and sleep otherwise. When I wake up in the morning, I look for Hermoine. And every night before going to bed, I pet her. I love my cat and now, she an important part of our lives. 

Also Read:- Essay on My Hobby

Essay on Cat in 200 words

I have a pet cat. His name is Snowbell and he is white in colour. We brought Snowbell home when he was around 8 weeks old and now, he is 1.5 years old. Most of the time he stays inside the house being lazy and sleeping. But he is also very energetic. He likes to chase a ball around the house that we brought for him. 

Pets are very lovable but having them brings a lot of responsibilities. We take very good care of Snowbell and feed him twice a day. We make sure that he gets enough nutrients in his meals. My sister bathes him twice a week. And then we brush his white fur. Cats also need a good bed to sleep in so, we brought a bed specifically for him. It’s so soft and he loves sleeping in it. Also, we made sure that he got all his vaccinations done on time. 

By nature, cats like to eat fish and other meats. And so, our Snowbell also loves fish and chicken. Whenever I am studying, Snowbell comes near me, curls up around my feet and lays there. Our whole family loves Snowbell, especially my mother. Snowbell is an important part of our family.

Also Read:- Essay on Athletics in 100, 200, 300 Words for Students

Essay on Cat in 300 words

My cat’s name is Stuart. He is a Maine Coon cat that is famous for its furry looks. Stuart is very dear to me. His walk is majestic, and he loves to hop around the house while carrying all his grace in his golden fur. Although very majestic, when he sleeps, his postures are funny to look at. 

Most of the time he stays at home playing with the ball we got him. But at times he also goes in the backyard for a stroll. He loves watching the birds from the window in my room. I have always wanted a pet cat and when my dad brought home Stuart, I was the happiest. He came home curdled like a white snowball. The cats of his breed live in cold climates, hence we have to ensure that our house is airconditioned properly, especially at night. Now, because they are habitual to such cold climates, the fur of Stuart is amazingly fluffy. We also have to take extra precautions so that Stuart doesn’t feel too much heat. 

Cats require a lot of attention and care. We take care of Stuart’s meals like we would of a baby. We feed him twice a day and make sure that he gets all the necessary nutrients through his meals. We also bathe him twice a week. Another important thing that we made sure of is that he got all his vaccinations done on time. And periodically we visit the vet to make sure that he is healthy. Although domesticated, he still likes to chase around birds. When some pigeons sit on the window, he chases them away. 

Everyone in our family love loves Stuart. We all take care of him and love him with all our hearts. He is an important member of our family.

Ans: I have a pet cat and her name is Hermoine. She is white in colour. We brought her home when she was only 8 weeks old kitten. Now, she is 1 year old. I love to play with her. We have a ball for her that she likes to chase around the house. Most of the time she is playing, other times she likes to eat and sleep. When I wake up in the morning, I look for Hermoine. And every night before going to bed, I pet her. I love my cat and now, she an important part of our lives. 

Ans: I have a pet cat. His name is Snowbell and he is white in colour. We brought Snowbell home when he was around 8 weeks old and now, he is 1.5 years old. Most of the time he stays inside the house being lazy and sleeping. But he is also very energetic. He likes to chase a ball around the house that we brought for him.  Pets are very lovable but having them brings a lot of responsibilities. We take very good care of Snowbell and feed him twice a day. We make sure that he gets enough nutrients in his meals. My sister bathes him twice a week. And then we brush his white fur. Cats also need a good bed to sleep in so, we brought a bed specifically for him. It’s so soft and he loves sleeping in it. Also, we made sure that he got all his vaccinations done on time.  By nature, cats like to eat fish and other meats. And so, our Snowbell also loves fish and chicken. Whenever I am studying, Snowbell comes near me, curls up around my feet and lays there. Our whole family loves Snowbell, especially my mother. Snowbell is an important part of our family.

Ans: A pet is an animal that is brought home and is taken care of as one of the family members.

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Essays About Cats: Top 5 Examples Plus Prompts

Cats are some of the most beloved animals to humankind; this article contains writing prompts and essay examples to help you write essays about cats. 

When you think of animals, two things come to mind: cats and dogs. Cats are some of the most popular pets, as they are, for the most part, relatively independent, low-maintenance, and easy to care for. The word “cat” most often describes domesticated house cats but also refers to some of the most vicious predators on the planet, such as lions, cheetahs, and leopards. Nevertheless, they make great companions for people who enjoy staying home and spending time sitting down and petting them, which reduces stress and anxiety. 

If you want to start writing essays about cats, start by reading some essay examples.

For help with your essays, check out our round-up of the best essay checkers

1. Short Essay on “Cat” by Kirti Daga

2. life of stray cats by nathaniel bridges, 3. do cats understand mirrors by christine o’brien, 4.  why cats are bad pets by shannon cain.

• 5. ​​Why Are Cats So Incredibly Rude? by Julie Davidson

5 Writing Prompts For Essays About Cats

1. should you own a cat, 2. why are cats so loved, 3. my experience with cats, 4. cats vs. dogs, 5. my favorite breed of cat.

“If your cat has given birth to kittens, make sure that your house is quiet because a lot of noise and activity can scare a small kitten and a cat lover would never wish to scare a kitten for sure. Cats can be shy in nature and can even take time while adjusting with the environment. One needs to be patient and deal with the animal with a lot of love and care.”

Daga gives a basic description of cats’ physical features, personalities, and misconceptions about them. They are gentle and playful yet, to an extent, selfish. Many believe that cats are related to black magic and bad luck; however, this is entirely false. Daga ends the essay by briefly discussing how to tame a cat and care for one that has given birth to kittens.

“Although it’s impossible for us to adopt every stray cat on the street, but imagine if every family manage to keep a pet cat in their home. That can actually save a lot of their lives. Some might have allergies towards animals but you can still help by providing clean water and some food outside of your house for the cats. This can avoid them from eating poisonous or unhygienic foods and also let them have a healthier life.”

In his essay, Bridges implores readers to be more sympathetic to the plight of stray cats. They have difficulty finding food and are involved in many accidents, particularly with cars. Bridges suggest leaving out food and water for stray cats, so they eat healthier food than whatever they scavenge for. In addition, he encourages people to adopt stray cats, although this is not for everyone, as some may have allergic reactions. 

Looking for more? Check out these essays about dogs .

“the extent of cat self-awareness is still a mystery. Despite all of the wisdom contained in her all-knowing eyes, when your cat’s pacing back and forth in front of mirror, she’s probably not admiring the sleekness of her coat or the smoothness of her freshly-trimmed nails.

More than likely, she’s investigating the stranger that is too close for comfort.”

O’Brien writes about the phenomenon in which cats look at themselves intently in the mirror. Based on research, cats do not recognize themselves and continue to look into the mirror to assess possible threats. As animal brains are less developed, they do not understand that they see themselves and instead see their reflections as other animals. They are not looking at themselves as people claim but trying to perceive the presence of another cat. 

“How many people do you see taking their cat with them on car rides? Or having a nice walk in the park? Absolutely no one. If you’ve ever brought your cat in the car, you know how loud, annoying and horrible it is, not only for them but you as well. The whole time, all you hear is their pitiful meow from the carrier, which is in the very back, covered in blankets to drown out the ear-splitting screeches.”

Cain’s essay explores the more negative aspects of cats, particularly compared to owning a dog. She starts by recalling ancient Egyptian traditions by which cats were associated with divinity and protectors from evil spirits, demons, and hell. She also discusses several bad qualities of cats; they are “a bit messy,” “filthy,” “annoying,” and “horrible.” While Cain does not hate cats, she believes dogs are preferable. 

5. ​​ Why Are Cats So Incredibly Rude? by Julie Davidson

“Cats hold a grudge. When a cat is mad, she wants you to acknowledge it. Some will act out doing such things as clearing the books off the coffee table, sumo wrestling a feline roommate, or emptying her water dish out onto the floor—all to get your attention. But, just when she has pushed us to our absolute limit, a cat flashes those big kitten eyes (picture Puss in Boots from Shrek), and we melt like a snowman in the Sahara.”

Davidson writes about some of the cats’ bad habits, particularly their “rudeness.” They demand attention, put up a bad attitude when it is not given, and do things considered “adorable” to win back the favor of their owners. Cats are lovable yet manipulative; however, this is part of their nature, and cat owners must deal with it. For more, you can also see these articles about cats .

In this essay, research and list the advantages and disadvantages of owning a cat- what positive and negative traits do they have? Then, conclude whether you would recommend getting a cat as a pet to others. Of course, this would be easier if you own or have a cat, but ample research will suffice. This is an excellent topic for an argumentative essay, as you can find many arguments for and against owning a cat online. 

It is a fact that cats are loved by many. What makes cats so lovable? In your essay, look into some qualities of cats that make them so beloved and ideal as pets. If you do not have a cat,  you can base your essay on interviews with cat owners or information from the internet. 

Think of a memorable occasion when you interacted with a cat, whether with your pet, a family member or friend’s cat, or even a stray cat outside. How did it make you feel- were you stressed, relaxed, or disgusted? Your essay should be a retelling of a personal story; do not include others’ opinions or ideas from online sources. 

For an engaging argumentative essay, decide which animal you prefer: cats or dogs. Research and write about the advantages and disadvantages of having either of them as a pet, then decide which one you would prefer. Be sure to justify your choice; you can use some of the essay examples above as evidence, 

Do you have a favorite breed of cat? How about the species of cat overall? For your essay, write about your favorite type of cat, whether a lion, tiger, or adorable Persian cat. Explain why it is your favorite and, if applicable, any other special meaning the cat has to you. 

If you’d like to learn more, check out our guide on how to write an argumentative essay .

For more help, check out our guide packed full of transition words for essays .

Martin is an avid writer specializing in editing and proofreading. He also enjoys literary analysis and writing about food and travel.

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Essay on Cat for Students in English

Essay on cat for students in 500 words.

In the world of domestic pets, few creatures captivate the human imagination quite like the cat. With its mysterious demeanor, graceful movements, and independent nature, the cat has earned a special place in the hearts and minds of people around the globe. From ancient civilizations to modern households, cats have left an indelible mark on human culture and society. In this essay, we will explore the unique characteristics and enduring appeal of the beloved feline companion.

First and foremost, the cat is known for its enigmatic personality. Unlike dogs, which are often portrayed as eager and affectionate, cats possess a sense of independence and aloofness that adds to their allure. They are creatures of mystery, capable of showing great affection one moment and indifference the next. This duality only serves to deepen the bond between human and feline, as cat owners find themselves constantly intrigued by their pet’s behavior.

One of the most striking features of the cat is its physical grace and agility. From their lithe bodies to their nimble movements, cats move with a fluidity and precision that is unmatched in the animal kingdom. Whether stalking prey or leaping effortlessly onto high surfaces, cats exhibit a level of athleticism that is both impressive and awe-inspiring. This innate grace has inspired artists, writers, and poets for centuries, serving as a symbol of elegance and poise.

In addition to their physical prowess, cats are also renowned for their keen senses. With highly developed sight, hearing, and smell, cats are formidable hunters capable of detecting the slightest movement or sound. This acute awareness of their surroundings not only helps cats survive in the wild but also allows them to form strong bonds with their human companions. A cat’s ability to perceive subtle changes in mood or atmosphere often makes them intuitive and empathetic pets, providing comfort and companionship in times of need.

Another aspect of the cat’s appeal lies in its rich cultural significance. Throughout history, cats have been revered and worshipped by various civilizations, from the ancient Egyptians who associated them with the goddess Bastet to the Japanese, who view them as symbols of good fortune and prosperity. In literature and folklore, cats have been depicted as wise and mysterious creatures, possessing supernatural powers and wisdom beyond human comprehension. Even in modern times, cats continue to hold a special place in popular culture, appearing in movies, books, and internet memes with remarkable frequency.

Of course, no discussion of cats would be complete without mentioning their unique vocalizations. From the soothing purr of contentment to the haunting yowl of frustration, cats communicate with a diverse range of sounds that reflect their moods and emotions. Each meow, chirp, and hiss serves as a form of expression, allowing cats to communicate with both humans and other animals in their environment. While the meanings behind these vocalizations may not always be clear, they add another layer of complexity to the already intricate relationship between humans and cats.

In conclusion, the cat is a truly fascinating creature with a long and storied history. From its mysterious personality to its graceful movements and keen senses, the cat embodies a unique blend of beauty, intelligence, and independence. Whether as a cherished pet or a symbol of cultural significance, the cat continues to capture the hearts and imaginations of people around the world. As we celebrate the enduring appeal of this beloved feline companion, let us marvel at the many wonders of the enigmatic cat.

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Essays on Cat

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A Report on Domesticated Cats

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Reasons Why Cats Are Better than Dogs

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Overview of The Norwegian Forest Cat

Characteristics of the exotic cat breed, overview of the maine coon breed, why dogs are better pets that cats, overview of the oriental cat breed, why oranges are dangerous for cats, symptoms and diagnosis of mange in felines, overview of the features of the ocicat, overview of the nebelung feline breed, features of the manx feline, role of cheshire cat in "alice's adventures in wonderland", cats make better pets than dogs, assessing the similarities and dissimilarities between cats and dogs.

The cat (Felis catus) is a domestic species of small carnivorous mammal. It is the only domesticated species in the family Felidae and is often referred to as the domestic cat to distinguish it from the wild members of the family.

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Essay On The Cat For Kids – 10 Lines, Short & Long Essay

Key Points To Remember When Writing An Essay On Cats For Lower Primary Classes

Cats & their appearance, 10 lines on ‘my pet cat’ in english, ‘my pet cat’ essay in 100 words for kids, short essay on cats for kids, fun facts about cats that kids should know, what your will child learn from the essay.

Cats are cute, furry, and adorable pets, loved by most people. Their serious expressions, carefree attitude, and absolutely silly antics make them a favourite among people who love cats. Having lived with human beings for thousands of years, it is still sometimes unclear if we domesticated them or if they have domesticated us! In this article, we will go over what makes cats a favourite and show you how to write essays on cats for classes 1, 2 and 3 in short and long forms.

Here are some essential tips on how to write an essay on cats:

• If you plan to write about your own pet cat in the essay exclusively, start from their adoption and continue the essay writing about their behaviour.
• When writing a generic essay about cats, talk about their habits, food preferences, instincts, and general nature.
• Long-form essays should have introductory and concluding sentences/paragraphs.
• A good essay can balance information about your cat’s behaviour and nature in general.

If your little one could use some help describing cats, this section about the appearance of cats will come in handy.

The common cat is a four-legged mammal with furry skin, soft paws, attentive ears, and a heightened sense of alertness. They are born with different colours such as black, white, grey, orange and sometimes a mix of all the three. The fur on cats is to protect them from cold. They have soft, padded paws that dampen noise when they are hunting or moving about. They also have long whiskers around their nose to sense the movement of prey and a rough tongue to scrape the flesh off of bones. Cats are carnivores that hunt little animals in the wild. An adult cat can weigh between 3.5 to 4.5 kilos.

10-line essays on a cat are easy for children in classes 1 and 2. Here is an example:

• I have a pet cat, and his name is fluffy.
• Fluffy is a male cat with a long furry tail.
• He is white with orange stripes on different parts of his body.
• Fluffy is a good boy and behaves well all the time.
• He poops in his litter box and eats up all his food without making a mess.
• Sometimes he becomes very playful and runs all around the house.
• Fluffy follows me wherever I go and sleeps below my desk all the time.
• He also loves to relax and laze around everywhere in the house.
• Fluffy loves spending time cuddling with us and makes soft purring sounds.
• I love my pet cat, Fluffy, and I know he loves me a lot, too.

Here is an example of a short paragraph on my pet cat:

My pet cat is an orange tabby named Lizzy. We raised Lizzy since she was a 12-week-old kitten. She is nine months old now and loves to play all the time. She likes to chase her toy ball around the house. She also chews on all my stuff and pulls the curtains and sheets. When she is not playing, she wants to eat and sleep. I always look for Lizzy the first thing in the morning when I wake up, and I pet her goodnight before going to sleep.

A short essay is a good exercise to learn how to establish flow and narrative. Here is an example of an essay on cats in 200 words:

We have a pet cat in the house called Momo. He is a stray we adopted from our street when he was three months old. Momo has been in our family for two years now. He stays inside the house and lazes around all day but is very energetic at night. That’s when he loves to run around and often topples things in the house.

Having a pet cat is a huge responsibility. Since letting them outside exposes them to diseases and other dangers, you need to provide them with everything inside the house. Cats need fresh and healthy food, a litterbox to poop in, and a good bed to sleep on. They also have to be vaccinated against a number of diseases to ensure their safety.

Cats are carnivores by nature. Momo loves to eat chicken, fish, dry cat food, and wet cat food. Sometimes he also brings the small animals that he hunts from the garden inside the house. Everybody in the family loves Momo, and he loves us back even more. Although they appear calm, cats have a different way of showing affection to their owners. I know Momo loves me when he slowly blinks his eyes when I call out for him or curls up next to my feet when I am studying.

A long descriptive essay on my pet cat requires children to plan for what they wish to include in the essay and build a good narrative. Here is an example of an essay for Class-3:

My pet cat, Rocket, is a Maine Coon cat. As a breed that is popular for its size and fury looks, Rocket is as impressive as any pet can get! He is white, black, and grey in colour and quite a graceful looking feline by his appearance. He sits majestically and walks majestically but sleeps in silly postures. He loves spending his time with me or outside looking at birds sitting in the backyard.

I’ve always wanted to have a pet cat as they are furry and cute animals. Maine Coon is my favourite cat breed as I think they are the most majestic looking cats in the world. These cats live in cold climates and higher latitudes where it snows and the temperature regularly falls below freezing levels. Because their natural habitat is freezing cold, they naturally have thick fur. Therefore, we have to take extra precautions to make sure Rocket doesn’t get too hot in the lower latitudes that we live in. He gets his own air-conditioned room where the temperature is always maintained cool. It has his bed and play area and a window that leads him to the backyard.

During hot summer days, Rocket spends most of his time indoors, sleeping in my room. We also give him a haircut to make him feel more comfortable. When it is colder outside, he likes to venture out into the garden and hunt little animals. Even though we give him all the best foods, his hunting instincts remain the same as all other cats. He often hunts little birds, pigeons, chipmunks, and any other unfortunate critters that wander into the garden.

Rocket also loves to be pet and cuddled. He likes it when I scratch his back with a comb. When he is not the apex predator in the garden, he is a silly cat playing with random things in the house. I cannot wish for a better pet than Rocket!

Some cool facts about cats for children:

• Cats are excellent jumpers – they can jump six times their height.
• Cats always land on their feet when they fall.
• Cats spend 13 to 16 hours sleeping during the day.
• One year of a cat’s life is approximately equal to 15 years of human life.
• Cats show affection to their owners by slowly opening and closing their eyes.

By studying the examples given above and writing an essay on ‘My Pet Animal’ or ‘My Pet Cat’, your child can learn how to express their observation and knowledge about cats in short and long essays. These examples will equip your little one with ideas on how to present information about their pet cat sequentially for their own composition.

1. Why Should You Get a Pet Cat?

Cats are incredibly adorable pets that are smart enough to take care of themselves. They are also loving and affectionate pets that are very clean and need little grooming or maintenance.

2. What Are Cats’ Eating Habits?

Cats are carnivores; hence they naturally eat meat. Domesticated cats will also eat packaged cat food, dairy products, meat, fish, and other non-vegetarian products.

3. What Are Some Regular Life Habits Of Cats

Domesticated cats spend most of their time sleeping or playing at home. They would also want to go outside the house to explore and even mate if they are not neutered.

Cats are amazing creatures that are adored all over the world. If you are writing an essay about your cat, include plenty of information about their behaviours that other people can relate to. Keep the essay as cute and fun as your own pet!

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Essay On Cat for Students and Children In English

Domestic pets have always been a great source of fun and pleasure. Kids and young children especially love to keep pets, whether in the form of dogs and cats. Pets usually help a person attain a healthy state of mind as playing with them makes most people happy and satiated.

Table of Contents

My Pet Cat – Short Essay On My Pet

Although it is true that dogs or puppies are probably the most preferred pets due to their honestly, loyalty and faithfulness, yet it can’t be denied that there are several cat lovers in the world too.

The cat is a small and beautiful animal that usually resembles a tiger. In fact, it is said that the tiger belongs to the cat family. It usually lives on roads and can also be kept in houses as pet animals.

The body of a cat is covered with silky and soft hair. It has four short legs with sharp claws that are hidden within fleshy pads.

So, if you’ve been asked to write an essay on cats, you needn’t fret as we are here to help you with the points that you may cover in the essay. Read on to know on the points.

How do cats look?

While walking and running, cats seldom make noise. They usually have bright eyes and they can also see things in the dark. Cats are found all over the world and their favorite food is milk.

Most households keep cats as pet as they’re well-known for scaring the mice away. However, unlike a dog, a cat is usually dishonest and selfish in nature. Cats also steal fishes or milk from kitchen and can also become ferocious at times.

In general, cats are playful and gentle and they also love playing with children. They love it when children caress them and this is their favorite pastime. However, parents are over-conscious with pets like cats as they feel that cats can spread diseases like diphtheria among kids. This is why they try to keep cats away from their kids.

Cats and superstitions

There are even some who link black magic with cats. The most noteworthy and common superstition that is linked with a cat is that if a cat crosses your way, a passerby won’t walk past.

Unless someone else crosses the road before the passerby, he’ll keep waiting. This however is nothing more than a superstition as when a cat crosses a road, it means he is going somewhere. Things are as simple as that.

Cats have grey colored eyes which are often considered as scary, especially by children. It is seen that children are mostly scared of the cat’s eyes.

A cat can give birth to 3-5 kittens at a time and they all need care and love whenever they’re born. If you’re determined about taming a cat, you can do so as it is not much difficult. You can give them dry foods, canned cat food or kitten food when they’re delicate and tender.

While you tame a cat, you have to be extra cautious if you have plants at home. Plants tend to be toxic for cats and hence if you have a cat at home, make sure your plants are away from them. When a cat gives birth to kittens, ensure that the house is kept calm as the kittens usually get scared by noise.

Cats are usually shy in nature and takes time to adjust in any kind of environment. A cat lover has to be patient while dealing with such a shy animal.

Understanding cat behavior – Fun facts on them

Cats have an enigmatic aura about them and they’ve captured the hearts of several people. They have adorable looks with mysterious personalities. If you too are a cat lover, here are few interesting and unknown facts that you should know about them.

#1: The oldest pet cat lived 10,000 years back

This information is definitely going to wow you. Did you know that the Egyptians were the first to pet a cat? In the year 2004, the archaeologists in French found a cat grave that was 10,000 year old in Cyprus. Hence, this can be considered as the oldest cat.

#2: 70% of the life of a cat is spent sleeping

Did you think that your pet cat sleeps a lot? If answered yes, you are absolutely right! As per the Veterinary Hub, cats spend 70% of their lives sleeping. This means that they sleep for 13-16 hours in a day. Wouldn’t you love to spend a cat’s life?

#3: The longest cat ever was 48.5 inches

Cats are usually considered to be dainty and small furry creatures. However, among them, there was a Maine Coon called Stewie who measured 48.5 inches. There is also a record for the tallest cat that was owned by Arcturus. It was 19.05 inches tall.

#4: Cats walk in a manner that is similar to camels

Did you ever notice that cats walk in a manner that is similar to giraffes or camels? They keep their both right feet first followed by both left feet and hence they move half their body at a time. Giraffes and camels are the other animals that walk in this manner.

#5: Pet cats share 96% of their genetic makeup with tigers

This fact on cat is going to blow your mind. It was discovered through a recent study on cats that the smaller house cats have 96% similarity in their genetic makeup with tigers. They even have similar behaviors like marking of urine, their body scent, pouncing and stalking of prey.

Therefore, as we can see, cats usually love to stay non-confrontational. They won’t ever fight to demonstrate their dominance but they will do that to stake their personal authority.

Cats will go to extremes to avoid each other so that they can prevent any confrontation. Unlike human beings, cats are lefties. Studies reveal that their left paw is the most dominant paw.

If you’re someone who owns a cat, you should keep in mind the above mentioned points so that you can take best care of them and nourish them with the right food and warmth.

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Essay on Cat | 500+ Words

Cats, those mysterious and beloved creatures, have captured our hearts and homes for centuries. In this essay, I will argue that cats make exceptional companions and offer a multitude of benefits to their human counterparts. These independent, agile, and affectionate creatures have a unique place in our lives.

Companionship and Comfort

Cats provide companionship and comfort like no other. According to a survey by the American Pet Products Association, 67% of households in the United States have a pet, and a significant portion of them are cats. Why? Because cats offer unwavering companionship, especially for people living alone or those seeking solace. Their presence alone can bring a sense of calm and ease.

Stress Reduction

Research published in the journal “Psychosomatic Medicine” suggests that interacting with cats can reduce stress and anxiety levels. The simple act of petting a cat can release feel-good chemicals in our brains, such as oxytocin and serotonin. When I’m feeling stressed or overwhelmed, spending time with my cat, Whiskers, always helps me relax and feel better.

Low Maintenance

Cats are known for their independence and low maintenance. Unlike some pets that require constant attention and care, cats are self-sufficient animals. They groom themselves, use a litter box, and can be left alone for longer periods without worry. This makes them an ideal choice for busy families and individuals.

Health Benefits

Studies have shown that owning a cat can have a positive impact on our health. The American Heart Association suggests that having a cat may reduce the risk of heart disease and lower blood pressure. The gentle purring of a cat can be soothing and therapeutic. My family and I have noticed that having a cat has a calming effect on all of us, and we cherish our time with our feline friend.

Pest Control

Historically, cats have been employed as pest controllers. In ancient Egypt, they were revered for their ability to keep homes and granaries free from rats and mice. Even today, many farmers and homeowners rely on cats to help control unwanted pests. This natural pest control ability is a valuable benefit of having cats around.

Playful Companions

Cats are not only affectionate but also playful. They provide entertainment with their curious nature and acrobatic antics. The American Veterinary Medical Association recommends interactive play with cats to stimulate their minds and bodies. Playing with my cat using toys and laser pointers is not only fun but also helps keep him happy and healthy.

Quiet Company

Cats are known for their calm and quiet presence. Unlike some pets that can be noisy or demanding, cats tend to be more serene. This calmness can be soothing, especially after a long and tiring day. I often find solace in the peaceful moments spent with my cat, reading a book or simply enjoying each other’s company.

Conclusion of Essay on Cat

In conclusion, cats are extraordinary companions that bring comfort, joy, and numerous benefits to our lives. Their ability to reduce stress, their low-maintenance nature, and their health benefits make them cherished members of many households. As I reflect on the presence of my cat, Whiskers, in my life, I am grateful for the calm and contentment he brings.

Cats have a unique way of making us feel loved and valued, even without words. Their independent spirits and playful natures add a touch of wonder to our daily lives. So, whether it’s curling up with a cat on a cozy afternoon or watching them chase a feather toy, cats are indeed our feline friends, enriching our lives in countless ways. As we celebrate the joys of cat companionship, let us cherish the magic of these enigmatic creatures and the special place they hold in our hearts.

Also Check: List of 500+ Topics for Writing Essay

‘Hold back the talons of your paws/Let me gaze into your beautiful eyes.’ Charles Baudelaire, ‘Le Chat’. Photo by Gallery Stock

If a cat could talk

Felines walk the line between familiar and strange. we stroke them and they purr, then in a trice they pounce.

by David Wood   + BIO

Saturday was a small snake. Each morning for six days, Berzerker — half-Siamese, half-streetcat, with charcoal fur and a pure white undercoat — had deposited a new creature on the doormat. On this last day, the snake was as stiff as a twig; rigor mortis had already set in. I wondered if there was a mortuary under the porch, a cold slab on which the week’s offerings had been laid out. What were these ritualistic offerings all about? Gift, placation, or proof of lethal skill? Who knows. On the seventh day he rested.

When I look at any one of my three cats — when I stroke him, or talk to him, or push him off my yellow pad so I can write — I am dealing with a distinct individual: either Steely Dan Thoreau, or (Kat) Mandu, or Kali. Each cat is unique. All are ‘boys’, as it happens. All rescued from the streets, neutered and advertised as mousers, barn cats: ‘They will never let you touch them,’ I was told. Each cat is a singular being ­— a pulsing centre of the universe — with this colour eyes, this length and density of fur, this palate of preferences, habits and dispositions. Each with his own idiosyncrasies.

At first, they were truly untouchable, hissing and spitting. A few weeks later, after mutual outreaching, they were coiling around my neck, with heavy purring and nuzzling. They do indeed hang out in my barn — I live on a farm — and are always pleased to see me at their daily feed. Steely Dan, unlike the other two, will walk with me for miles. Just for the company, I suspect. Occasionally he will turn up at the house and demand to be let in. He is a favourite among my friends for his free dispensing of affection. But the rift between our worlds opens wide again when he shreds the faux leather sofa with his claws. When scolded, he is insouciant.

‘When I play with my cat,’ Montaigne mused, ‘how do I know that she is not playing with me rather than I with her?’

Since the Egyptians first let the wild Mau into their homes, cats and humans have co-evolved. We have, without doubt, been brutal — eliminating kittens of the wrong stripe, as well as couch-potato cats that gave the rats a pass, cats that could not be trained, and cats that refused our advances. My Steely Dan, steely eyed professional killer of birds and mice (and snakes, lizards, young rabbits, voles, and chipmunks), lap-lover, walking companion extraordinaire, is the product of trial by compatibility. This sounds like a recipe for compliance: domestication should have rooted out the otherness of the feline. But it did not.

The Egyptians domesticated Felis silvestris catus 10,000 years ago and valued its services in patrolling houses against snakes and rodents. But later they deified it, even mummifying cats for the journey into the afterlife. These days we don’t typically go that far — though cats and cat shelters are frequently the subjects of bequests. We remain fascinated both by our individual cats and cats as a species. They are a beloved topic for publishers, calendars and cartoons. Cats populate the internet: there are said to be 110,000 cat videos on YouTube. Lolcats tickle us at every turn. But isn’t there something profoundly unsettling about the whiskered cat lying on a laptop (or somesuch), speaking its bad English? Lolcats make us laugh, but the need to laugh intimates disquiet somewhere.

P erhaps because we selected cats for their internal contradictions — friendly to us, deadly to the snakes and rodents that threatened our homes — we shaped a creature that escapes our gaze, that doesn’t merely reflect some simple design goal. One way or another, we have licensed a being that displays its ‘otherness’ and flaunts its resistance to human interests. This is part of the common view of cats: we value their independence. From time to time they might want us, but they don’t need us. Dogs, by contrast, are said to be fawning and needy, always eager to please. Dogs confirm us; cats confound us. And in ways that delight us.

In welcoming one animal to police our domestic borders against other creatures that threatened our food or health, did we violate some boundary in our thinking? Such categories are ones we make and maintain without thinking about them as such. Even at this practical level, cats occupy a liminal space: we live with ‘pets’ that are really half-tamed predators.

It is something of an accident that a cat’s lethal instincts align with our interests

From the human perspective, cats might literally patrol the home, but more profoundly they walk the line between the familiar and the strange. When we look at a cat, in some sense we do not know what we are looking at. The same can be said of many non-human creatures, but cats are exemplary. Unlike insects, fish, reptiles and birds, cats both keep their distance and actively engage with us. Books tell us that we domesticated the cat. But who is to say that cats did not colonise our rodent-infested dwellings on their own terms? One thinks of Ruduyard Kipling’s story ‘The Cat That Walked by Himself’ (1902), which explains how Man domesticated all the wild animals except for one: ‘the wildest of all the wild animals was the Cat. He walked by himself, and all places were alike to him.’

Michel de Montaigne, in An Apology for Raymond Sebond (1580) , captured this uncertainty eloquently. ‘When I play with my cat,’ he mused, ‘how do I know that she is not playing with me rather than I with her?’ So often cats disturb us even as they enchant us. We stroke them, and they purr. We feel intimately connected to these creatures that seem to have abandoned themselves totally to the pleasures of the moment. Cats seem to have learnt enough of our ways to blend in. And yet, they never assimilate entirely. In a trice, in response to some invisible (to the human mind, at least) cue, they will leap off our lap and re-enter their own space, chasing a shadow. Lewis Carroll’s image of the smile on the face of the Cheshire cat, which remains even after the cat has vanished, nicely evokes such floating strangeness. Cats are beacons of the uncanny, shadows of something ‘other’ on the domestic scene.

O ur relationship with cats is an eruption of the wild into the domestic: a reminder of the ‘far side’, by whose exclusion we define our own humanity. This is how Michel Foucault understood the construction of ‘madness’ in society — it’s no surprise then that he named his own cat Insanity. Cats, in this sense, are vehicles for our projections, misrecognition, and primitive recollection. They have always been the objects of superstition: through their associations with magic and witchcraft, feline encounters have been thought to forecast the future, including death. But cats are also talismans. They have been recognised as astral travellers, messengers from the gods. In Egypt, Burma and Thailand they have been worshipped. Druids have held some cats to be humans in a second life. They are trickster figures, like the fox, coyote and raven. The common meanings and associations that they carry in our culture permeate, albeit unconsciously, our everyday experience of them.

But if the glimpse of a cat can portend the uncanny, what should we make of the cat’s own glance at us? As Jacques Derrida wondered: ‘Say the animal responded?’ If his cat found him naked in the bathroom, staring at his private parts — as discussed in Derrida’s 1997 lecture The Animal That Therefore I Am — who would be more naked: the unclothed human or the never clothed animal? To experience the animal looking back at us challenges the confidence of our own gaze — we lose our unquestioned privilege in the universe. Whatever we might think of our ability to subordinate the animal to our categories, all bets are off when we try to include the animal’s own perspective. That is not just another item to be included in our own world view. It is a distinctive point of view — a way of seeing that we have no reason to suppose we can seamlessly incorporate by some imaginative extension of our own perspective.

This goes further than Montaigne’s musings on who is playing with whom. Imaginative reversal — that is, if the cat is playing with us — would be an exercise in humility. But the dispossession of a cat ‘looking back’ is more disconcerting. It verges on the unthinkable. Perhaps when Ludwig Wittgenstein wrote (of a larger cat) in Philosophical Investigations (1953) that: ‘If a lion could talk we would not understand him,’ he meant something similar. If a lion really could possess language, he or she would have a relation to the world that would challenge our own, without there being any guarantee of translatability. Or if, as T S Eliot suggested in Old Possum’s Book of Practical Cats (1939) , cats named themselves as well as being given names by their owners (gazed on by words, if you like), then the order of things — the human order — would be truly shaken.

Yet the existence of the domestic cat rests on our trust in them to eliminate other creatures who threaten our food and safety. We have a great deal invested in them, if now only symbolically. Snakebites can kill, rats can carry plague: the threat of either brings terror. Cats were bred to be security guards, even as their larger cousins still set their eyes on us and salivate. We like to think we can trust cats. But if we scrutinise their behaviour, our grounds for doing so evaporate.

Look into the eyes of a cat for a moment. Your gaze will flicker between recognising another being, and staring into a void

It is something of an accident that a cat’s lethal instincts align with our interests. They seem recklessly unwilling to manage their own boundaries. Driven as they are by an unbridled spirit of adventure (and killing), they do not themselves seem to have much appreciation of danger. Even if fortune smiles upon them — they are said to have nine lives, after all — in the end, ‘curiosity kills the cat’. Such protection as cats give us seems to be a precarious arrangement.

N o story of a cat’s strangeness would be complete without touching on the tactile dimension. We stroke cats, and they lick us, coil around our legs, nuzzle up to us and pump our flesh. When aroused, they bite and plunge their claws innocently and ecstatically through our clothes into our skin. Charles Baudelaire expresses this contradictory impulse, somewhere between desire and fear, in his poem ‘Le Chat’ (1857): ‘Hold back the talons of your paws/Let me gaze into your beautiful eyes.’ A human lover would be hard put to improve on a normal cat’s response to being stroked. Unselfconscious self-abandonment, unmistakable sounds of appreciation, eyes closing in rapture, exposure of soft underbelly. Did the human hand ever find a higher calling? Baudelaire continues: ‘My hand tingles with the pleasure/Of feeling your electric body’. It feels like communion, a meeting of minds (or bodies), the ultimate in togetherness, perhaps on a par with human conjugal bliss (and simpler).

But the claws through the jeans give the game away. The cat is not exploring the limits of intimacy with a dash of pain, a touch of S&M. He is involuntarily extending his claws into my skin. This is not about ‘us’, it’s about him, and perhaps it always was — the purring, the licking, the pumping. Cats undermine any dream of perfect togetherness. Look into the eyes of a cat for a moment. Your gaze will flicker between recognising another being (without quite being able to situate it), and staring into a void. At this point, we would like to think — well, that’s because she or he is a cat. But cannot the same thing happen with our friend, or child, or lover? When we look in the mirror, are we sure we know who we are?

Witch’s cats were called familiars, an oddly suitable term for cats more generally — the strange at the heart of the familiar, disturbing our security even as they police it and bring us joy. They are part of our symbolic universe as well as being real physical creatures. And these aspects overlap. Most cats are unmistakably cut from the same cloth. But this only raises more intensely the question of this cat, its singular irreplaceability. I might well be able to replace Steely as a mouser, to find another sharp set of teeth. Steely II might equally like his tummy rubbed and press his claws into my flesh. And to my chagrin, Steely I and Steely II could each offer themselves in this way to my friends, as if I were replaceable. I was once offered a replacement kitten shortly after my ginger cat Tigger died. I was so sad that I toyed with the idea of giving the kitten the same name, and pretending that Tigger had simply been renewed. In the end, I could not. But the temptation was real.

To quote Eliot again:

You may think at first I’m as mad as a hatter When I tell you a cat must have THREE DIFFERENT NAMES. First of all, there’s the name that the family use daily But I tell you, a cat needs a name that’s particular, A name that’s peculiar, and more dignified, But above and beyond there’s still one name left over, And that is the name that you never will guess; The name that no human research can discover — But THE CAT HIMSELF KNOWS, and will never confess.

Cats, one at a time, as our intimates, our familiars, as strangers in our midst, as mirrors of our co-evolution, as objects of exemplary fascination, pose for us the question: what is it to be a cat? And what is it to be this cat? These questions are contagious. As I stroke Steely Dan, he purrs at my touch. And I begin to ask myself more questions: to whom does this appendage I call my hand belong? What is it to be human? And who, dear feline, do you think I am?

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Essay on Cat

Cat is one of the cutest pets and notorious at the same time. They are super lazy but also become super active if needed. They are a very good pet and will never bother you much unless you like to spend time with them. They are cute and soft at the same time, they look attractive and all of us like their sweet mew sound.

Short and Long Essays on Cat in English

Essay on Cat for students of class 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and class 12 in English in 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 500 words. Also find short Cat essay 10 lines.

Cat Essay 10 Lines (100 – 150 Words)

1) Cat is a small and cute pet animal.

2) Cats have four legs and two sharp eyes.

3) They have furry skin which makes them soft.

4) Cats can be found in different colors.

5) Cat is a carnivorous animal that loves milk and fish.

6) Cat possesses strong hearing and smelling capability.

7) Cat can see in the dark and is a big foe of rats.

8) Children like to play with cats as they are cute.

9) Kittens are the small kids of cats.

10) We can find more than 55 breeds of cats in the world.

Essay 1 (250 Words) – Features of Cat

Introduction

The sweet mew of a cat either alerts as if she has arrived to drink all of your milk or if you have a cat as a pet then it makes you feel loved by your pet. Cats are really very cute animals and their small ears and teeth make her look unique. They also have very shiny eyes and a sharp nail in their paws. These paws make them a very good hunter. They can easily catch a rat and have their dinner.

Some Features of Cat

They are considered as the smallest member of a Felidae family. There are more than 30 animals belonging to this family. Some of them are Leopard, Lion, Tiger, Puma, Cheetah, etc. Cats are the smallest of this family and are also considered as a domestic animal.

They have two eyes, two ears, one nose and a body similar to other family members. They are available in different colours like white, black, golden, grey, etc. Although they have different colours, they can only see very few colours. They can only see black and grey like colours. They need very less maintenance as a comparison of a dog.

Although all cats look alike, there are more than 55 breeds of a cat. They have very good night vision and their flexible body helps them to jump here and there easily. Their smelling ability makes it easy to reach the milk.

If you have a cat you will never feel bored, they are very good pets and also love their owner. They are carnivorous mammals. The Ancient Egyptians also worshipped cats. We also find mummified cats in Egypt. I can say that it is a small animal with a lot of value.

Essay 2 (400 Words) – Some Amazing Facts about Cats

One of the most loved animals and an amazing pet. I love cats and their cute ears and shiny eyes attract everyone. Generally, all animals are cute but cats are super cute with some decent features. They are carnivores but they also eat banana, cheese, carrot, rice, milk and etc. They don’t make much noise and need very less care. They are also called as a lazy animal because it sleeps most of the time. I have discussed some of the amazing facts about a cat and hope will help you.

Some Amazing Facts About Cats

• Cats are of different types, depending on their size and some physical qualities. They are more than 50 different types of cat breeds available.
• A cat sleeps a lot and they sleep up to 12 to 20 hours a day. In their entire life, they spend 70% of their life sleeping.
• It is found that Cats walk like camels and giraffes.
• There is a cat with a tag of ‘world’s richest cat’ and its name is Blackie, It has a net worth of 12.5 million dollars.
• The record for the longest cat ever is of 48.5 inches.
• It was 1963 when a cat went to space for the first time.
• Tiger, Lion, Leopard, etc belong to the same cat family.
• A cat can easily hear the sound of 500 Hz to 32 kHz and can also detect a higher range of 55 Hz to 79,000 Hz.
• Cats don’t have sweet taste buds and it is very tough for them to detect a sweet taste. They have very fewer taste buds as compared to us. They are marked as the only animal with no sweet taste bud.
• Although a cat looks so small it has 250 bones.
• Their tail helps them to maintain balance while jumping here and there.
• It is believed that cats use Mew to communicate with human beings.
• Generally, cats don’t have eyelashes.
• A cat can live up to 16 years.
• The ancient Egyptians worshipped cat in the form of a half-feline goddess named Bastet.
• A breed naming Sphinx cats don’t have fur.
• A cat can jump up to 8 feet at a time.

Cats are cute as well as intelligent; they have a very good memory and remember things for a long time. They can differentiate between a child and an adult and behave accordingly. They are also marked as a symbol of luck in many countries. After knowing the above facts, I can say that cats are very good pets and one should really own a cat.

Essay 3 (500 – 600 Words) – Cat: My Pet Animal

Many of us love having a pet and I am one of those. I have a pet cat and her name is Venus. I kept her name Venus just because of her glittery eyes. It really shines amazingly, especially in a dark room. I can easily know where it is in a dark room just because of her eyes. It is amazing to have Venus as a part of my life. It is white in colour and has pink lips and ears and has soft and beautiful fur. I love playing with her.

An Intelligent Animal

She is quite intelligent and behaves as if she understands me. One day my mother scolded me when I was continuously using the phone and after that day when I touched the phone, Venus ran to me and tried to keep the phone away from me. This shows that she really understands and also has a good memory. I really love my cat.

Requires Very Less Maintenance

Dogs need more maintenance in comparison with a cat. Cats always keep themselves clean and they never like to be dirty. So, I don’t have to care much about cleaning it on daily basis. She needs food and once she is happy with her stomach she plays happily. I don’t have to take it on a walk on daily basis or have to train her. I can say that cat is a student’s friendly pet.

Doesn’t Make Much Noise

The best part of my cat, actually I have to study and my parents never compromise with my studies at any cost. When it is a dog it makes a lot of noise or tries to lick every time. Whereas my cat never makes noise and it helps me to read peacefully and I can also keep her on my lap and do my work. I really like my cat’s company. It does not make much noise and this helps me to have my studies peacefully and when I feel bored, I play with her.

I Play with My Cat

My Venus plays with me, it likes playing with balls and some of my other toys. Being the only child of my parents, I never feel bored or need any companion. Yes, we cannot replace a human being still my cats love me and I love her and we play together and perform various acts which make both of us happy.

Shows Affection

People believe that cats are not so friendly but they are. They love grooming themselves and in research, it has been found that they spent 30% of their life, live-in grooming themselves. When I groom her, she feels happy and performs various acts to show her affection. She purrs, blinks her eyes more often to show her affection.

A Beautiful Pet

The white colour with soft baby pink colour nose and ears makes it so beautiful. She has a lot of soft furs which makes her look attractive. She likes to stay in my arms when I am out with her because it makes her paws dirty. Her glittery eyes attract everyone and people smile when I carry her outside.

Pets are really very good and will never allow you to be sad and will do all to keep her owner happy. Not only I, my parents and friends also like Venus and they come to meet her. We play together and she loves our company. We love her and she loves us. Normally she feels lazy but once she is active, she enjoys and plays with great energy. She jumps and shows her joy in different ways.

FAQs: Frequently Asked Questions

Ans . A cat sleeps for about 16-20 hours in a day.

Ans . Felis catus is the scientific name of cat.

Ans . A cat can jump 5-6 times of their own height.

Ans . Cats are most attracted with Catnip plant and therefore this plant is called as cat-pleasing plant.

Ans . International Cat day is celebrated every year on 8th August.

Ans . The color of the eyes of new born kittens is blue.

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Essay on Cats As Pets

Students are often asked to write an essay on Cats As Pets in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Cats As Pets

Why cats are good pets.

Cats make wonderful pets for many reasons. They are small, so they fit well in houses and apartments. Cats clean themselves, which means they usually don’t need baths. They also use a litter box for their bathroom needs, making them easy to care for. Cats enjoy playing, which can be fun for their owners.

Caring for a Cat

Taking care of a cat means giving them food, water, and love. Cats need to visit a vet for check-ups to stay healthy. They also need a scratching post to keep their claws in shape. Spending time with your cat and petting it helps create a strong bond.

Cats and Companionship

Cats can be very loving and often form close friendships with their owners. They can sense when you’re sad and may come to snuggle with you. Cats have a soft purr that is calming and can make you feel better. Having a cat as a friend can bring a lot of joy.

250 Words Essay on Cats As Pets

Why cats make great pets.

Cats are one of the most popular pets in the world. They are small, furry animals that live with people in their homes. Many people love cats because they are good companions and are easy to take care of. In this essay, we will talk about why cats are good pets for families and individuals.

Easy to Look After

One of the best things about cats is that they are very easy to look after. They clean themselves, so you don’t have to give them baths often. Cats also do not need to go outside for walks like dogs. They use a litter box inside the house, which makes it simple for people who live in apartments or do not have big yards.

Good Company

Cats are known for being good friends to their owners. They like to play and cuddle, which can make people feel happy and loved. Cats often sit on laps or next to their owners, purring, which is a sound they make when they are content. This can create a peaceful feeling in the home.

Good for Health

Having a cat can also be good for your health. Stroking a cat’s fur can make you feel calm and lower stress. Playing with a cat can be a fun way to get some exercise. Studies have shown that having a cat can even lower the chance of having a heart attack.

In conclusion, cats are wonderful pets that are easy to care for, provide great company, and can improve your health. This is why many people choose to have a cat as a pet in their home.

500 Words Essay on Cats As Pets

Introduction to cats as pets.

Cats are one of the most popular pets in the world. Many people choose to have cats in their homes because they are small, clean, and can be very loving. Cats have been living with humans for thousands of years. They were even worshipped as gods in ancient Egypt! Today, cats are cherished members of many families, providing companionship and joy to people of all ages.

Why Cats Make Good Pets

Cats are known for being independent animals. This means they can be left alone for a few hours and they will be okay. They don’t need to go outside for walks like dogs do, which can be very handy for busy families or people living in apartments. Cats use a litter box inside the house, which they learn to use very quickly, often when they are just kittens.

Cats also clean themselves, so they don’t need baths as often as other pets might. They spend a lot of their time grooming their fur with their tongues, which keeps them clean and reduces the smell that can come with pets. Cats are also quiet companions. They don’t make loud noises like some dogs do, which can be good for people who like a peaceful home.

Caring for Cats

Taking care of a cat is not too hard, but it is important. Cats need to eat cat food, which can be bought at most stores. They also need fresh water every day. It’s important to clean their litter box regularly to keep the house smelling nice and to keep the cat healthy.

Cats also need to play and exercise. They love to chase toys and climb on cat trees, which helps them stay active and happy. Giving a cat toys that mimic hunting, like toy mice or feathers on a string, can be a good way for them to play.

Just like people, cats need to visit the doctor, which for cats is called a vet. The vet helps make sure the cat is healthy and gives them shots to prevent sickness. It’s also a good idea to have cats live inside the house to keep them safe from dangers like cars or other animals.

The Bond with Cats

Cats can form a strong bond with their owners. They might show their love by sitting on your lap, purring, or following you around the house. Some cats are more cuddly, while others might be more playful. Each cat has its own personality, which makes them unique and fun pets.

Cats can also be good for your health. Petting a cat can make you feel calm and less stressed. Some studies even say that having a cat can lower your chance of heart problems because they help you relax.

Cats are wonderful pets that can bring a lot of happiness to a home. They are easy to care for, can be very loving, and help create a calm and peaceful environment. If you are thinking about getting a pet, a cat could be a perfect choice. They are good friends that can give you company for many years. Remember, every cat is special and will bring its own joy to your life.

That’s it! I hope the essay helped you.

If you’re looking for more, here are essays on other interesting topics:

• Essay on Cats And Dogs
• Essay on Caterpillar
• Essay on Caste System In India

Apart from these, you can look at all the essays by clicking here .

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Academic Test Guide

Essay on Cat in English For Students & Children

We are Sharing an Essay on Cat in English for students. In this article, we have tried our best to provide a Short essay about Cat for Class 1, 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 in 50, 100, 200, 300, 500 words.

Essay on Cat in English For Students & Children

Cat Essay for Kids class 1,2,3

The cat is a small animal, though it resembles a tiger. It lives in our houses. It is one of our pet animals, Its body is covered with soft, silky hair. It has four short legs and sharp claws hidden in the fleshy pads. When it walks or runs it does not make any sound. Its eyes are bright and they can see even in the dark. The cat is found all over the world. It likes fish and milk. Many keep cats to scare away the mice. But unlike dogs, cats are selfish and dishonest. They steal food from our kitchen. They like comfort. They are usually gentle and playful. They like to play with little children. But at times the cat is very ferocious. Many people think that the cat is a harmful animal, for it spreads various diseases like diphtheria. They advise their children to keep away from the cat.

Essay on Cat in English

The Cat is a domestic pet. It is found in many people’s houses. It belongs to the tiger family. Some cats have striped skins like tigers.

A cat is smaller in size than a dog. It is also quieter than a dog. It has a round head, green eyes, and small pointed ears. It has smooth fur and a rough tongue. Its teeth are small, pointed, and sharp.

A cat is independent by nature. It will not obey its master or be as fond of him as a dog is. It likes warmth and comfort. It finds a cozy chair to sit in, it will curl itself up and go to sleep. A cat is a clean animal. It does not have to be washed. It cleans itself. It licks itself with its rough tongue. It is also cruel like the tiger. It catches and kills rats, mice, and birds. People usually keep cats to get rid of rats and mice. A cat will keep very quiet near a rat hole. The rat jumps out thinking that the cat is not there. Then the cat pounces upon it and kills it. A cat is cruel by nature. It will not kill a mouse at once. It will set it free and, just when it is about to escape, it will pounce upon it and hold it down. A cat has soft paws with which it can walk noiselessly. Hidden in the paws it has sharp pointed claws that can tear anything to pieces. It buries its claws into anything it wishes to kill.

Next to rats and mice, a cat loves fish and milk. It sometimes steals milk and fish if it is not watched. Cats are thievish by nature. A cat mews loudly when it is hungry. It soon learns its name. It answers to its name. Cats and dogs do not like one another. They always fight. Sometimes, when a cat and a dog live in the same house, they learn to be friends. A cat does not bite but it can scratch very badly. So we must keep at a safe distance from a cat’s sharp claws.

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Essay on Cat | My Favourite Pet & Animal

March 19, 2018 by Study Mentor Leave a Comment

Cats are most popular pets in the world. Cats have been nearly 10000 years as a pet animal.  Cats help us with more than 1000 species of animals, including snakes, rats and other animals. It is very easy to train the cats because they are quick learners. The cat sounds like meow.

According to one survey in America 69 million cats are there as pets. Cats take second place as pets where dogs have the first place. The origin of the cats is African wild cat.

Few people kept cats to help them to find the mouse in their farms. Where others kept them as friendly and good companions. The Egyptians kept cats as their main pet animal. They believe cats as gods.

The English word ‘cat’ is a Latin word Catus. A group of cats is referred to as cloud or glitter, a male cat called tom or comet, a monotonous woman called the queen. We call small cats as kittens.

Different breeds having different types of hair, like long hair, short hair, and hairless breeds. Nowadays special foods are available for cats in all developed countries. Right food will help to cats live longer.

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Cats have excellent night vision and can only see the one-sixth level of human need for human vision. Cats have excellent hearing and can detect the most extensive frequencies. Can hear more-pitched sounds than dogs or humans.

Cats have relatively few taste buds compared to humans (470 or more than 9,000 in human language). Indigenous and wild cats share genetic mutations to contain sugar molecules, including their sweet taste buds, which do not have a sweet taste. Instead, their taste buds react to amino acids, bitter taste, and acids.

The average lifespan of pets has grown in recent years. In the 1980s, it was seven years, rising 9.4 years in 1995, and in 12-15 years in 2014.

Several kinds of health problems, including parasites, bruises, chronic disease, can affect cats. Many diseases are available for vaccines, and indigenous cats regularly provide treatments to eliminate parasites such as worms.

The pet cats are similar to other members of Felice, usually with 4 and 5 kg weight. Some species occasionally more than 11 kg. On the opposite, very small cats, less than 2 kg, have been reported. The largest cat to the world record 21 kg. The officially recorded smallest cat is weighed 1 kg.

Outdoor cats are active in the night, the time of kittens activity is quite simple and varied, meaning home cats are more active morning and evening, in response to more human activities at this time. The daily duration of sleep is typically between 12 to 16 hours and the average time is around 12 to 14 hours.

Some cats sleep for up to 20 hours. The term cat nap refers to the sleeping cat’s sleep for a short period of time (lightly) sleeping. When falling asleep, cats sleep rapidly with sleeping eye movements often with muscle holes, which suggest they dreams.

Communication

Tail and ears are important social signal systems, especially in cats. For example, the increased tail deals with a friendly greeting, and the flat ears represent animosity.

The development of a basic advantage as a signaling mechanism between mother and cats and nursing kittens emerged. The cats breaking mechanism is unclear. The cat does not have a specific body structure that is clearly responsible for the sound.

Domestic cats, especially young cats, are known for their love of play. This behavior varies in hunt and kittens are important to help kill the twigs, the capture, and the hunt.

Cats engage in fighting the game with one another and with humans. This behavior may be a way of achieving the skills needed for a real war, and they can reduce any fears when launching attacks on other animals.

Due to the close similarity between drama and hunting, cats like to play with animals such as small fur-dolls, but lose interest in the toy they have played quickly (they get used to). Toys are more common when cats are hungry.

Cats can bite humans when induced, during play or aggression. The cat bite is different from other pets. This is because cat teeth are sharp and deeper.

Cats can transmit viruses, bacteria, fungus, protozoa, arthropods or mites to humans. In some cases, the cat does not show any symptoms for this disease, although the same disease is clearly visible in man.

The risk of a person being infected depends on the age of the person and the immune system. Most of the infections occurring are salmonella, cat scratch disease, and toxoplasmosis.

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How to prepare and improve english for cat exam.

CAT or Common Admission Test is accepted for MBA aptitude screening in B-Schools. It consists of Data Interpretation and Logical Reasoning, Verbal Ability and Reading Comprehension, and Quantitative Ability. More than two lakh people give TCS and IIM organized paper every year. 

After the test, B-Schools might even take WAT or Written Ability Test, Personal Interview, and Group Discussion. So, most aspirants often have a common query “ how to prepare English for CAT ? ” The exam happened in November 2021 and released the notifications in August. The pattern and syllabus of CAT have remained the same for the last five years.

How to Prepare English for CAT ?

The reading comprehension & verbal ability, and quantitative aptitude sections consist of 34 questions. The logical reasoning & data interpretation section of the CAT includes 32 questions. The examinees receive three hours to attempt the three sections (one per section), and the difficulty level might be moderate to difficult. 

The reading comprehension & verbal ability section comprises sentence correction, cloze test, word meaning, analogy, para jumble, vocabulary-based questions, and more. The syllabus updates each year slightly. However, these questions in these formats mostly occur every year. So, if you are deciding “ how to prepare English for CAT ? ” keep such questions in mind.

The time constraint in reading comprehension & verbal ability is one of the major challenges. However, improving the English language would benefit the reasoning & data interpretation and quantitative aptitude sections. You need to practice speed reading, master English grammar basics, learn and revise more than 50 words every day, and develop answer elimination strategies.

“ How to prepare for CAT reading comprehension ? ” is often commonly searched by MBA aspirants. 

While preparing for competitive exams like CAT academic journals, magazines, CBSE board English materials, publications, magazines, autobiographies, etc., can prove beneficial. While practicing the mock test for this section, read questions before the passage to find answers quicker. By doing so, you can easily score high marks in this section.

Self-learning is a great method to master English. However, you might remain doubtful and an underachiever. The best way to enhance CAT English preparation and understand the grammar is by joining an online course with an experienced trainer, doubt clearing sessions, individual classes, tests, and full CAT English syllabus coverage. The secondary advantage of availing an online course is that you receive certification. So, even if you don’t clear CAT, you can use the certification to get the desired job profile. Recruiters often shortlist candidates with an extra educational qualification.

Don’t forget to cover FAQs, as they would prove beneficial in scoring high marks in all sections. Moreover, they can help understand the types of reading comprehension in a CAT exam. By recognizing the exam pattern, syllabus, and question formats, you can easily increase your reading speed. Moreover, you can avoid commonly chosen wrong answers under each section by better grasping the questions. 

Reading editorials regularly would further enhance this reading speed and familiarize you with common words used in different scenarios or industries. You can even come across a passage from the editorials in the exam. One of the most common pieces of advice given by CAT toppers is to read the sentence aloud and carefully. By doing so, you can recognize the common phrases, meaning and comprehend them accurately. Also, avoid re-reading the same passage multiple times, creating confusion.

Lastly, if you are still thinking about “ how to prepare English for CAT ? ”, you should watch or listen to interviews of CAT exam toppers and join the live session by teachers on YouTube channels. By doing so, you would gain self-confidence, learn about FAQs and CAT strategies, and enhance your English language skills. Moreover, teachers on YouTube often conduct online tests during a live session or through a link. 

You should attempt such tests and compare the answers as much as possible. The teachers provide answers in the description at the end of the live question or session and reveal previous solutions before beginning the new class. Conclusively, CAT English preparation should include following the ongoing pattern and syllabus, taking an online course, self-preparation through dailies, regular mock test attempts, and clearing doubts from an expert. 

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201+ CAT RC [Reading Comprehension] Practice Questions

Table of Content for Reading Comprehension

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• RCs on Business and Economics
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• RCs on Art, Literary and Criticism

CAT Reading Comprehension is a very important part of the VARC section of CAT . Out of the 34 questions of Verbal Ability and Reading Comprehension section in CAT Syllabus , 24 questions are from Reading Comprehension.

The difficulty level of the CAT RC passages and the questions is on the higher side. Until CAT 2018 the overall difficulty was easy to moderate, but since CAT 2019 the difficulty level of the questions in CAT Paper has increased.

Moreover, a good number of questions are of critical reasoning type. Inference questions, strengthen and weaken questions form almost 50 percent of the questions.

CAT previous years RC Passage Download PDF

The best way to prepare for CAT reading comprehension section is to first get used to reading a wide variety of articles.

This must be followed by solving questions, starting with lower difficulty and then moving gradually to higher difficulty questions.

Here on this page we have collated a wide range of passages from different sources. The difficulty level of the passages and of the questions is on the higher side.

Tips on how to solve CAT Reading Comprehension

• Don’t get into the minor details of the passage; just focus on what each paragraph has to say
• As you read, create a map of the passage; you must remember what thing is located wherein the passage
• Once you read the question, come back to the part of the passage that is likely to have the answer
• Compare the options and eliminate the incorrect choices based on the evidence that you see in the passage
• Choose the answer once you are convinced of the right choice

CAT Reading Comprehension with Video Solutions

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CAT 2021 Reading Comprehension Questions

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CAT 2020 Reading Comprehension Questions

• CAT 2020 RC passage with Solution 1
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• CAT 2020 RC passage with Solution 5
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• CAT 2020 RC passage with Solution 8
• CAT 2020 RC passage with Solution 9
• CAT 2020 RC passage with Solution 10
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• CAT 2020 RC passage with Solution 12

CAT 2019 Reading Comprehension Questions

• CAT 2019 Reading Comprehension set 1
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• CAT 2019 Reading Comprehension set 3
• CAT 2019 Reading Comprehension set 4
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CAT 2018 Reading Comprehension Questions

• CAT 2018 RC set 01
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• CAT 2018 RC set 03
• CAT 2018 RC set 04
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FREE CAT RC Practice with Textual Explanation

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Category : science and technology, category : philosophy & humanities, category : art, literary and criticism, list of articles on cat verbal ability.

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CAT English Questions With Answers PDF

The CAT English section comprises verbal ability and reading comprehension questions. The primary topics include reading comprehension, para-jumbles, summary, and odd one out. In recent papers, questions related to grammar and phrasal verbs have not been included. However, a good understanding of grammar is useful in solving para-jumbled questions. To help with preparation, we have provided solved CAT questions and answers on grammar.

CAT English Questions With Answers PDF:

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Download all Verbal ability and Reading comprehension solved questions PDF .

Instructions: In each of the questions, a word has been used in sentences in five different ways. Choose the option corresponding to the sentence in which the usage of the word is incorrect or inappropriate.

Question 1: Choose the option in which the usage of the word is incorrect or inappropriate. Run a) I must run fast to catch up with him. b) Our team scored a goal against the run of play. c) You can’t run over him like that. d) The newly released book is enjoying a popular run. e)This film is a run-of-the-mill production.

Question 2:

Choose the option in which the usage of the word is incorrect or inappropriate. Round a) The police fired a round of tear gas shells. b) The shop is located round the corner. c) We took a ride on the merry-go-round. d) The doctor is on a hospital round. e)I shall proceed further only after you come round to admitting it.

Question 3:

Choose the option in which the usage of the word is incorrect or inappropriate. Buckle a) After the long hike our knees were beginning to buckle. b) The horse suddenly broke into a buckle. c) The accused did not buckle under police interrogation. d) Sometimes, an earthquake can make a bridge buckle. e)People should learn to buckle up as soon as they get into a car.

Question 4:

Choose the option in which the usage of the word is incorrect or inappropriate. File a) You will find the paper in the file under C. b) I need to file an insurance claim. c) The cadets were marching in a single file. d) File your nails before you apply nail polish. e)When the parade was on, a soldier broke the file.

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CAT English questions – Solutions: (1 to 4)

1)  Answer (c) The phrase ‘run over him’ is wrongly used in sentence C. It means running over him physically. A person can’t run over another person. Hence, option C is the correct answer.

2)  Answer (e) The correct phrase in option E is “come around to admitting it”. The word round is used correctly in all the other options. Hence, option E is the answer

3)  Answer (b) In sentence B, ‘broke into a buckle’ is idiomatically incorrect. A better expression is ‘broke into a gallop’.

4)  Answer (e) In sentence E, ‘broke the file’ is incorrect. The correct idiom is ‘break ranks’, which means to fall out of line.

Question 5:

Select the pair that best expresses a relationship similar to the one expressed in the question pair. Reptile : Adder

a) Skeleton : Flesh b) Method : System c) Plant : Genus d) Dinosaur : Tyrannosaurus

Question 6:

Choose from among the given alternatives the one which will be a suitable substitute for the expression in quotes. The “marriage of the princess with the commoner” caused a furore among the royalty.

a) mesalliance b) misalliance c) elopement d) romance Question 7:

Choose from among the given alternatives the one which will be a suitable substitute for the expression in quotes. The victim’s “involuntary responses to stimulus” proved that he was still living.

a) reactions b) reflexes c) feedback d) communication

Question 8:

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Question 9:

Select the pair that best expresses a relationship similar to the one expressed in the question pair. Peel : Peal

a) Coat : Rind b) Laugh : Bell c) Rain : Reign d) Brain : Cranium

Question 10: Select the pair that best expresses a relationship similar to the one expressed in the question pair. Doggerel : Poet

a) Symphony : Composer b) Prediction : Astrologer c) Wine : Vintner d) Pulp fiction : Novelis

Solutions:  (5  to 10)

5) Answer (d)

Adder is a type of a reptile. Tyrannosauraus is a type of Dinosaur. The relationship is similar to that of Adder and Reptile. Hence, option D is the answer.

6) Answer (b) An alliance is an association or organization formed between two parties for the mutual benefit of each other. In this case, the sentence is trying to convey the idea that the alliance is not working. In other words, it is a ‘misalliance’. Option b) is the correct answer.

7) Answer (b) An involuntary response to a stimulus is called a reflex. So, the word that best replaces the phrase is ‘reflexes’. Option b) is the correct answer.

8) Answer (a) A phalanx is a rectangular military formation, usually composed of heavy infantry. This is the most suitable word in the context. Option a) is the correct answer.

9) Answer (c) Peel and Peal sound fairly similar but have completely different meanings. Peel is used to as a verb to remove the outer coating of fruits, etc. Peal is a noun and relates to the sound made by ringing bells. Similarly rain and reign sound fairly alike but mean very different and also have noun and verb difference.

10) Answer (d) Doggerel is a type of poetry and hence poet is associated with doggerel. Similarly pul fiction is a type of novel and hence novelist is associated with it.

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Essay on Cat in English | My favorite [Pet Animal] Cat.

Today I have come up with an essay on cat. As like you, I too love cat's as my pet animal, and cats are my favorite. So in this essay, I have given information about my pet cat and have told why a cat is my favorite animal.

Essay on Cat.

Whenever I see a cat I feel very happy. When I see a cat nearby me I rush to her and pick her and start pampering her. The hair on the cat's body are always in beautiful colors and they are clean and very soft I like them very much.

Cat has a very beautiful eye with those eyes she can easily view things clearly even in a dark environment. Like eyes her ears are always standing and are always alert, a cat can detect the very finest movement just by her ears. The cat can smell things correctly with its nose, she knows about things just by smelling them without actually looking at them.

The body of the cat is small in size but it is very beautiful and I like its color very much. Cats always like to be clean, so they always keep their body clean, with the help of their tongue. The nails of every cat are very dangerous and if a cat gets angry then no one can get out of her claw strength.

I have a cat as my pet animal and her name is 'Mani'. She a very beautiful cat. Everyone in our house loves her and pampers her. Because of Mani, not a single mouse enters our home, and If a mouse enters in then Mani doesn't spare him.

My cat Mani can jump very high very easily and see can walk in high places without any fear. And she always walks in pride. These similar qualities are seen in Tigers so cats are said to be ancestors of them.

Because of all of these qualities I like my pet cat Mani very much. And so cats are my favorite animal.

Friends, do you have a cat as your pet animal and what is her name? and what quality of cat do you like the most do tell us in the comment below.

This essay on a cat can be used by students of class 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, and 12th for their educational purpose. This essay can also be used on the topics given below.

• My favorite pet animal - Cat.
• Essay on my pet.
• My pet cat essay in English.

Friends did you liked this essay on cat and if you want an essay on any topic in English then let us know by your comment below.

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‘Beware the Cat’: The First English Horror Novel

In the first English horror novel, Beware the Cat , William Baldwin satirizes and mocks the Catholic Church’s naïve superstitions and alleged pagan practices.

William Baldwin’s seminal but relatively obscure 1570 work, A Marvellous History Entitled Beware the Cat , still continues to captivate and beguile the minds of readers and critics. Even the book’s publication date is worthy of extended scholarly attention. Though it is believed Baldwin penned his polemic anti-papist tome in early 1533, the pro-Catholic Queen Mary’s tumultuous and bloody reign delayed the book’s inaugural printing till 1570, about seven years after the writer’s death. Readers continue to animatedly debate the themes espoused in Baldwin’s satiric prose more than four centuries after its inaugural publication. 

As Beware the Cat continues to foment discourse among academic circles, there is no debating the fact that Baldwin’s centuries-old text has left an indelible influence on English literary tradition. From an alleged late-night discussion of whether animals were capable of speech emerged what literary scholars William Ringler and Michael Flachmann proclaimed as “one of the best and most interesting works of its kind produced in the sixteenth century.” In what many readers consider the first novel composed in English, there is little doubt that Baldwin’s prose aided the subsequent development of early English prose fiction. Ringler asserts that the genesis of the English novel began on the evening of 28 December 1552, the fictional date in which Baldwin sets his framed first-person narrative: “But though Beware the Cat is a satire, it is also a fictional narrative. In fact it is the earliest work of original prose fiction in English of more than short-story length—and so is the first English novel.”

The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography describes Beware the Cat as a “humanistic satire, beast fable, and dream vision that dramatizes a topsy-turvy travesty of sanctioned forms of social order that highlights the arbitrariness and transitory nature of norms that govern everyday life.” Though much of the discourse surrounding Beware the Cat consists of its satirical nature, narrative structure, anti-papist propaganda, and literary influences, there is little discussion regarding Baldwin’s usage of horror genre elements to convey his caustic anti-Catholic rhetoric.

Indeed, the text contains satire, but it also features tropes rooted in horror, such as werewolves, witches, macabre settings, magic potions, and a clandestine society of talking cats that conspire against their human masters. Not only is Beware the Cat the first conventional English novel, but it is also the first horror novel composed in English.   In addition, Baldwin’s anti-papist narrative was the first horror novel to implement the “nefarious cat” archetype, which would later surface in the horror fiction of Edgar Allan Poe and H.P. Lovecraft .

While it would be glib to suggest that Baldwin’s prose directly influenced Poe and Lovecraft, there can be little doubt that each writer was inspired by the folklore and legends surrounding the cat. Some of these legends are encapsulated in Edward Topsell’s 1607 tome, The History of Four-Footed Beasts and Serpents and Insects , an amalgamation of fact and superstition. For example, Topsell asserts that cats’ breath is hazardous to human lungs, and a feline’s flesh is poisonous, its teeth venomous. Topsell condemns cats as “the familiars of witches”, a reoccurring theme in modern horror literature.

Before delving into the horror elements depicted in Baldwin’s landmark text, we must first define what horror is and why the image of the cat holds so much reverence in the genre. According to the Horror Writers Association , horror is “a painful and intense fear, dread, or dismay”. Horror fiction is prose that evokes those very emotions in the reader. Horror induces “the mundane or the supernatural, with the fantastic or the normal. It doesn’t have to be full of ghosts, ghouls, and things to go bump in the night. Its only true requirement is that it elicit an emotional reaction that includes some aspect of fear or dread.”

Many scholars attribute Horace Walpole’s gothic narrative Castle of Otranto (1764) as the first horror novel composed in English but Beware the Cat implements many of the genre’s conventions more than a century before Walpole was born. Though Beware the Cat is riddled with satire and humor, the text still evokes dread when felines are revealed to have their own language and a cunning sense of intelligence. That brings us to the archetypal horror cat, which haunts the superstitions and folklore of many Western cultures.

Author Chloe Rhodes notes that black cats, in particular, were often portrayed in the Middle Ages as being associated with witchcraft and that the dark-coated creatures are harbingers of misfortune. “According to Norse legend, Freya, queen of the Valkyries and goddess of fertility, drove a chariot pulled by black cats that some sources suggest turned into horses possessed by the Devil,” Rhodes writes. Rhodes also credits Baldwin as the first author to portray cats as witches in the guise of human form, which she argues was a common superstition during Beware the Cat’s publication. As the “familiars of witches”, many believed cats to be the creatures most favored by the devil. Some even went as far as killing cats en masse as a means to purge the world of their suspected evil, as Katharine M. Rogers illustrates:

The many records of cats being persecuted, both individually and in institutionally and in institutionalized rituals such as the St. John’s Eve bonfires, support the interpretation that they were considered so evil that it was legitimate, even praiseworthy, to destroy them. Many people besides Topsell believed cats assisted witches, possessed dangerous powers, and brought bad luck.

Indeed, cats were sacrificed as scapegoats “to allay public guilt or anxiety, as placatory offerings to ensure a good harvest or a stable building”, and, according to Rogers, one of the main reasons felines were selected for this dubious “honor” was due in part to their abundance and perceived lack of value. The cat’s mysterious aloofness didn’t win it any sympathy, either. Cats “do not share the dog’s eagerness to please, to be loved, to engage in fellowship with people” and respond only “when it pleases them”. In addition, the creatures practice a nocturnal lifestyle and “pursue their own agenda regardless of humans.” Moreover, a cat’s propensity to disobey humans led some to believe the creatures “failed to recognize the human dominion over animals ordained by providence and thus demonstrated their antagonism to man and God.” In essence, cats have always seemingly lived in a world of their own, and what their 16th-century human counterparts couldn’t understand they branded as evil. 

Baldwin borrowed elements from these folkloric superstitions to pen his anti-Catholic satire. Narrated in the first person by the fictional Gregory Streamer, transcribed by Baldwin, and divided into three interconnected episodes, Beware the Cat is a complex oration about Streamer’s obsession to decode the language of cats. To accomplish this feat, Streamer concocts an alchemical potion based on a recipe by theologian and scientist Albertus Magnus (whose writings would fuel a young Victor Frankenstein’s obsessions in Mary Shelley’s famous novel published more than 200 years later) that enables him to translate cats’ mewing into English, much like an intergalactic translator in a Star Trek episode. During his narrative, Streamer injects anecdotes he claims others have told him concerning malevolent cats, werewolves, and witches.

Baldwin uses Streamer’s dubious narrative as an instrument to satirize and mock the Catholic Church’s naïve superstitions and alleged pagan practices, in particular transubstantiation and the worship of the holy trinity, which was a controversial practice in England during the 16th century. Even the narrator’s name is significant to Beware the Cat ‘s anti-papist agenda. As literary scholar R.W. Maslen notes, “The forename Gregory allies him with several popes, strengthening readers’ growing sense that he is a clandestine Catholic; while his surname evokes a flag or pennon, suggesting that he changes direction with the wind—that he is a turncoat.” Since anti-Catholic propaganda was rife in England during the 16th century, Baldwin’s contemporary readers would have picked up on the author’s not-so-subtle dig at the reigning Pope Gregory XIII and the unreliable disposition of the novel’s narrator.

The unreliable narrator is a common horror trope that is implemented by later horror scribes, including Poe (“ The Black Cat “), Henry James ( The Turn of the Screw ), and Lovecraft (“ Nyarlathotep “).  The presence of the fickle narrator in Beware the Cat is especially effective in horror because it distorts the line separating fantasy and reality. The reader is placed on a shaky foundation if the storyteller is unreliable. An inconsistent, unstable, inebriated, or deceptive narrator augments the tension and suspense in the prose because it causes the reader to question the events as they are presented as if experiencing a dream, hallucination, or nightmare. In Beware the Cat , not only are we given Streamer’s pompous and erroneous narration, but we also are treated to tales from unreliable secondary raconteurs at the fireside, which was a traditional “breeding ground of fairy tales and ghost stories by travelers and servants, two social groups notorious for spreading rumors and gossip”. The tension and paranoia mount as the sobering realization occurs that we can trust no one in this tale, not even the narrator himself. 

Baldwin does not take long to establish a macabre setting to enhance the nascent terror in his horror story. Narrating through the voice of Streamer, he describes a gruesome site outside of John Day’s Aldersgate printing house, where the storyteller is lodged:

At the other end of the Printing House, as you enter in, is a side door and three or four steps which go up to the leads of the Gate, whereas sometime quarters of men, up upon poles. I call it abhominable because it is not only against nature but against Scripture; for God commanded by Moses that, after the sun went down, all such as were hanged or otherwise put to death should be buried, lest if the sun saw them the next day His wrath should come upon them and plague them, as He hath done this and many other realms for the like transgression.

The unsightly view from Streamer’s window of mutilated bodies rotting on poles immediately establishes a macabre tone. It injects an explicit foreboding like a classic ghost story’s “spooky graveyard” motif. Gothic writers of the 19th century, such as Ann Radcliffe , Matthew Lewis , and Mary Shelley , implemented similar imagery in the form of dilapidated cemeteries, dungeons, and torture chambers to inject terror into their respective narratives. The presence of quartered bodies outside the narrator’s window in Beware the Cat epitomizes the very definition of horror. It almost immediately evokes a sense of dread and portent in the reader. 

Once the novel’s macabre setting is established, we encounter our first talking cat through an anecdote relayed by a servant. In the form of a classic jump scare, a feline leaps out of a bush to announce to a passerby that “Grimalkin is dead.” When this startled pedestrian later informs his wife of the bizarre event, their kitten overhears the news and says, “And is Grimalkin dead? Then farewell dame,” and saunters away, never to be seen again. This anecdote is particularly unsettling and disturbing because Baldwin’s cats are not presented as the cutesy and childlike anthropomorphic animals in fairy tales such as “Puss in Boots”, where creatures are expected to communicate and behave like humans. Baldwin’s cats initially appear like realistic domesticated cats that sleep on their human master’s laps at night, purr, meow, and scratch. Yet, these creatures are suddenly revealed to “possess reason” and the ability to speak, much to the dismay of their human counterparts and 16th-century readers. 

After the servant completes his account of the surreal tale, another member of the company regales his audience with an anecdote he heard 33 years ago in Ireland about a notorious pillager named Patrick Apore, who entered a town of “two houses”, killed its inhabitants in the middle of the night, and purloined their cattle. Hoping to avoid capture and reprisal from an advancing mob, Apore and his young horse keeper seek solace in a church where they encounter the Grimalkin, or the monarch of the cats, a name that later came to be synonymous with witchcraft, demons in the guise of cats, or some other creature bestowed on a witch by the devil as part of her unholy pact with him.

The Grimalkin demands food, andApore desperately feeds the impetuous creature all the meat he has on hand, including the livestock he pillaged from the village. Fearing they would be next on the cat’s menu, Apore and his servant boy flee the sanctuary in terror. When the servant alerts his master that the beast is in pursuit, Apore slays it with a dart, spurring the vengeful wrath of the Grimalkin’s feline acolytes. The cats murder the boy, and Apore himself is later mauled to death by his wife’s kitten in retaliation for the Grimalkin’s untimely demise.

The Grimalkin’s tale is the frame narrative’s most violent subplot, and it preceded later horror tales about cats seeking vengeance upon cruel humans such as Poe’s “The Black Cat” and Lovecraft’s “ The Cats of Ulthar “. In Poe’s graphically violent 1843 short story, a malicious narrator inflicts inhumane tortures on his once-beloved cat before ultimately killing it by hanging. After replacing his deceased pet with another feline, the unstable narrator is driven mad by the animal’s presence and attempts to kill it with an axe but inadvertently cleaves his spouse with the instrument in the process. After sealing his unintended victim behind a brick wall in hopes of concealing his crime, the narrator’s gruesome act is exposed when his cat reveals the location of the body to police investigators.

Lovecraft’s cat horror story also uses the theme of retribution. “The Cats of Ulthar” is about a cruel elderly couple who take sadistic joy in murdering stray cats who venture haplessly onto their property. However, when they kill a Romani boy’s beloved feline, a curse is placed upon them, and hours later, they are devoured by hordes of stray cats that converge on their home by the hundreds. The cats in each of these tales act as “supernatural avengers” that bring evildoers to justice. As Rogers notes, the eponymous black cat in Poe’s story “is the clear-sighted judge or nemesis that brings (the narrator) to justice; at the same time, like Baldwin’s Devil’s cat, it acts like an agent of Satan—punishing his abuse of the first cat by drawing him into further evil and then damnation.”  

Some of Baldwin’s horror tropes come into play late in Streamer’s first oration in the form of a philosophical discourse about Irish werewolves, witches, demonic possession, and sorcery. 

There is also, in Ireland, one nation whereof some one man and woman are at every seven years’ end turned into wolves, and so continue in the woods the space of seven years. And if they hap to live out the time, they return to their own form again, and other twain are turned for the like time into the same shape—which is a penance (as they say) enjoined that stock by Saint Patrick for some wickedness of their ancestors.

This is preceded by the conjecture that witches have the unholy ability to transform themselves into cats. Baldwin uses this as an allegory of transubstantiation, “whereby Christ’s body is plucked from Heaven and thrust [. . .] into a piece of bread”. Streamer dismisses shape-shifting humans as mere superstition and instead offers an alternative explanation that sounds just as ludicrous: “For Though witches may take upon them cats’ bodies, or alter the shape of their or other bodies, yet this is not done by putting their own bodies thereinto, but either by bringing their souls for the time out of their bodies and putting them in the other, or by deluding the sight and fantasies of the seers.”

Though Baldwin is drawing off-the-wall parallels between witchcraft and transubstantiation to lambast and discredit the Catholic Church, his analogy helped lay the horror groundwork for the future generation of horror writers, especially Poe and Lovecraft, who borrowed from the established mythology to craft their contributions to the genre. For example, in “The Black Cat”, the narrator reflects on the feline’s enigmatic personality: “In speaking of his intelligence, my wife, who at heart was not a little tinctured with superstition, made frequent allusion to the ancient popular notion which regarded all black cats as witches in disguise.” The presence of the cat-witch motif in Poe’s story is indicative of the feline’s popularity in conventional horror fiction, and it was Baldwin who first borrowed such a plot device in a longer narrative, giving credence to my suggestion that Beware the Cat is the first English horror novel.  

In the second episode of Streamer’s oration, we witness the dubious narrator succumbing to his obsession with feline intelligence, compelling him to concoct a potion to enable him to comprehend the language of cats. In an obsession that would later be emulated by the character Victor Frankenstein in Mary Shelley’s horror novel, Streamer immerses himself in the writings of Albertus Magnus and itemizes his foul recipe for the magic potion. 

And ere I laid them out of my hand, came Thomas (whom you heard of before) and brought me a cat, which for doing evil turns they had that morning caught in a snare set for her two days before, which for the skin’s sake being flain, was so exceedingly fat that, after I had taken some of the grease, the inwards, and the head, to make (as I made him believe) a medicine for the gout, [. . .] I shut my chamber door to me and flayed mine urchin [. . .] the flesh I washed clean and put it in a pot, and with white wine, Mellisophillos or Melissa (commonly called balm), rosemary, neat’s tongue, four parts of the first and two of the second, I made a broth and set it on a fire and boiled it, setting on a limbec, with a glass at the end over the mouth of the pot to receive the water that distilled from it, in the seething [. . .] bottle of wine which I put in the pot.

The writings of Albertus Magnus would much later help fuel Victor Frankenstein’s obsession to recreate life in the novel Frankenstein, the gothic story that some scholars credit as the first modern horror novel. As he begins his quest to create life, Victor writes, “On this occasion a man of great research in natural philosophy was with us, and, excited by this catastrophe, he entered on the explanation of a theory which he had formed on the subject of electricity and galvanism, which was at once new and astonishing to me. All that he said threw greatly into the shade Cornelius Agrippa, Albertus Magnus, and Paracelsus, the lords of my imagination; but by some fatality the overthrow of these men disinclined me to pursue my accustomed studies.” Though Shelley’s tale is much darker than Baldwin’s more satirically laden prose, the latter was the first to feature Magnus’s research in a horror context for nefarious research purposes. Both Streamer and Victor use their research as weapons to challenge nature, the former to break down the language barrier between animals and humans and the latter to create life.  

Streamer also incorporates a piece of a cat’s liver, kidney, and heart, a fox’s heart, and a hare’s brain into his strange brew. Streamer’s experiment conjures the imagery of a witch hovering over a boiling cauldron filled with rats’ innards and frogs’ warts. For all of his efforts to discredit Catholicism by drawing parallels with sorcery and witchcraft, Streamer himself becomes a virtual witch in his incessant quest to unlock the secrets of the feline language. Even though Streamer erroneously distills the wrong ingredients into his veritable witch’s brew and misinterprets the astrological calendar by confusing the planetary and solar cycle, the resulting potion still enables him to achieve his ultimate goal, casting further hindrances on the narrator’s credibility (or sanity). 

The third and final component of Streamer’s oration contains the most levity in Baldwin’s Beware the Cat . Whereas healthy and sane human beings would most likely hear meowing, hissing, and screeching, Streamer boasts that his potion-augmented senses comprehend human speech emanating from the cluster of felines loitering on the leads in the middle of the night. As the potion weaves its alchemic magic on Streamer’s auditory senses, he allegedly gains the superhuman ability to understand cats. He even eavesdrops on a feline court hearing that transpires on the roof of his lodgings. Here, Beware the Cat ‘s narration is taken over by a cat named Mouse-Slayer, who is on trial for violating several feline bylaws.

Baldwin uses Mouse-Slayer’s testimony as a plot device to expose what he believes are the hypocrisy and clandestine habits of disreputable and sundry Catholics in a “time when preachers had leave to speak against the Mass, but it was not forbidden till half a year after.” Baldwin notes that the cats in his tale “understand us and mark our secret doings, and so declare them among themselves.” Through Mouse-Slayer’s oration, we learn about an old woman who is a practicing Catholic who secretly operates a brothel out of her home, gladly accepts stolen goods, and takes great pleasure in deceiving young, naïve women into cuckolding their husbands. Mouse-Slayer also recounts some cruel torments humans delightedly inflict on her, such as feeding her mustard to bring about tears in her eyes, blowing pepper in her nose, and gluing walnut shells to her paws. 

Streamer inadvertently implicates himself in his attempts to discredit the Catholic Church. For example, Mouse-Slayer witnesses the bawd forging a love letter written to deceive and corrupt a virtuous wife by turning her into an adulterer. The document, however, is signed with the initials “G.S.”, incriminating Streamer as the duplicitous bawd’s accomplice in the clandestine plot. Baldwin is casting a revealing light on the malfeasance and hypocrisy orchestrated by the Catholic Church by further discrediting the integrity of his narrator. In contrast, the fictitious cats serve as “instruments of truth, and through them Baldwin draws readers’ attention to God’s all-seeing eyes, spying out truths we seek to disguise”.

Though the felines are initially presented as demonic avatars or witches’ pets, the humans emerge as the true antagonists of the tale. In the first episode, the human character Apore slew the Grimalkin following his murderous rampage in the village. In the third episode, the human characters exhibit malice, hypocrisy, and cruelty, including the narrator, who participates in the nefarious letter scheme. If anything, the cats are depicted as Beware the Cat ‘s unlikely heroes in that they avenge all the wrongs committed by their human masters. In the second episode, the vengeful kitten kills Apore, ridding the world of a murderous plunderer; in the third part of the oration, Mouse-Slayer torments the bawd after witnessing the old woman’s cruelty:

Where, when they were all assembled, I, minding to acquit my dame for giving me mustard, caught a quick mouse, whereof my dame always was exceedingly afraid, and came with it under her clothes and there let it go, which immediately crope up upon her leg. But Lord, how she bestirred her then; how she cried out; and how pale she looked. And I, to amend the matter, making as though I leaped at the mouse, all to-bescrat her thighs and her belly, so that I dare say she was not whole again in two months after.

As in the second part of Beware the Cat , a feline reciprocates a human’s cruelty, only this time, the revenge is executed more comedically. Instead of killing the bawd, Mouse-Slayer causes the cruel old woman to prance around like a fool before her dinner guests. Mouse-Slayer later exposes the man with whom the corrupted wife has an affair in a similar jocular fashion:

While this gentleman was doing with my dame, my master came in—so suddenly that he had no leisure to pluck up his hose, but with them about his legs ran into a corner behind the painted cloth, and there stood (I warrant you) as still as a mouse. As soon as my master came in, his wife, according to her old wont, caught him about his neck and kissed him, and devised many means to have got him forth again […] I, seeing this, and minding to show my master how he was ordered, got behind the cloth, and to make the man speak I all to-pawed him with my claws upon his bare legs and buttocks […] But I, minding another thing, and seeing that scratching could not move him, suddenly I leaped up and caught him by the genitals with my teeth, and bore so hard that, when he had restrained more than I thought any man could, at last he cried out, and caught me by the neck thinking to strangle me.

Having exposed the adulterous couple, the vindicated Mouse-Slayer escapes the home unscathed after the cuckolded spouse pulls away the curtain to find a naked man trembling behind it. Once again, the cat foils the human characters’ duplicitous plot by outsmarting them. This plot device is echoed in Poe’s “The Black Cat” when the feline exposes his murderous master’s crime by alerting authorities to the location of the narrator’s slain spouse. 

Despite cats’ dubious reputation for being an agent of the devil, Baldwin exhibits sympathy for his four-legged characters, as do Lovecraft and Poe. Mirroring the supernatural cats in “The Cats of Ulthar” and “The Black Cat”, the felines in Baldwin’s novel emerge as a kind of anti-hero, whereas their human masters are revealed as the story’s true villains. As Rogers points out: “Baldwin’s distinction between the companion cat who would be shocked by our sins and the Devil’s cat who eagerly looks for them is further evidence of his unusual sympathy with cats.” Despite their supernatural disposition and dubious reputation, Baldwin showcases his cats in a more positive light than his human characters, the latter of which is presented as sundry, hypocritical, cruel, arrogant, insidious, and manipulative.    

Though Baldwin wrote Beware the Cat as a tongue-in-cheek anti-Catholic propaganda treatise that supported the sweeping Reformation of religion under Edward VI by attacking what Protestants felt were superfluous superstitious traditions imposed by the Church of Rome, his implementation of classic horror conventions such as witches, werewolves, supernatural cats, and demonic possession helped establish the formula for the English horror novel. William Baldwin’s landmark text helped pave the way for the gothic scribes of the 19th century, who laid the groundwork for the modern horror writers of the 20th century. While it is unlikely that Poe, Shelley, and Lovecraft read Baldwin’s obscure text, each writer was inspired by the same legends and folktales propagated for centuries. Baldwin first used these legends to formulate his horror tale. For example, literary scholar James T. Bratcher contends that the story of Grimalkin’s death was inspired by oral tradition and not by Baldwin himself. 

To say that Baldwin’s story of the death of the cat Grimalkin subsequently became an English folktale assumes too much about the power of literary products to inspire folktales. This almost never happens, as folklorists know. Robert Southey may have made ‘The Three Bears’ a well-known nursery entertainment, but it is unlikely he invented the story; he was a ‘carrier’ of it into print.

Bratcher concludes his essay with an excerpt of a modernized retelling of the Grimalkin’s death as recorded from an African American woman in 1933. This 20th-century storyteller had probably never heard of Baldwin or Beware the Cat. Still, she was most certainly familiar with the legend of the Grimalkin because the folklore surrounding it reached farther and wider than the book could ever have. The same concept could be applied to Poe and Lovecraft. Even if these two scribes had never personally read Beware the Cat, they were inspired by the folklore and mythology Baldwin helped disseminate, such as the vengeful cat. 

The seeds that Baldwin sowed in 1570 took root and resurfaced centuries later into what we now call horror fiction. Baldwin’s novel has fallen into relative obscurity and has gone largely unnoticed by horror fans. Ringler and Flachmann subtitled their 1988 edition of Beware the Cat as The First English Novel , but this edition is currently out of print. If Beware the Cat should ever be issued an updated edition, it would be fitting to rebrand it as the first English horror novel so that Baldwin’s text could be discovered and appreciated by a new audience. 

Works Cited

Baldwin, William, William A. Ringler, and Michael Flachmann.  Beware the Cat: The First English Novel . Huntington Library. 1988.

“Beware the Cat—William Baldwin.” Lit234.com. 2013.  

Bratcher, James T. “The Grimalkin Story in Baldwin’s Beware The Cat.”  Notes & Queries 53.4 (2006): 428. Web. 20 Mar. 2014.

Litherland, Neal. “ Grimalkin : Witch Familiars or Old, Ornery Cats?” Yahoo Voices . 5 December 2001.

Maslen, Robert. “‘The Cat Got Your Tongue’: Pseudo-Translation, Conversion, And Control In William Baldwin’s “Beware The Cat.”  Translation & Literature  8.1 (1999): 3. Academic Search Premier.

Poe, Edgar Allan.  Complete Stories And Poems Of Edgar Allan Poe . Reissue Edition. Doubleday Books. 1984. Print.

Rhodes, Chloe. Black Cats and Evil Eyes:  A Book of Old-Fashioned Superstitions . London: Michael O’Mara, 2014.

Ringler, William A. “Beware The Cat And The Beginnings Of English Fiction.” Novel: A Forum On Fiction 12.(1979): 113-126.  Humanities & Social Sciences Index Retrospective: 1907-1984 (H.W. Wilson). 18 February 2014.

Rogers, Katharine M. The Cat and the Human Imagination . The University of Michigan Press,.1998.

Shelley, Mary Wollstonecraft. Frankenstein or, The Modern Prometheus . Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1984. London, Michael

 “ What is Horror Fiction? ”  Horror.Org . Horror Writers Association. 2009. 21 February 2014.

“William Baldwin.” Matthew, H.C.G., and Brian Howard Harrison. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: In Association with the British Academy: from the Earliest Times to the Year 2000 / Edited by H.C.G. Matthew and Brian Harrison . Oxford University Press. 2004.

• Mangled Body and Depraved Soul: On the Corporeal and the Spiritual in the Works of Edgar Allan Poe
• Cults of an Unwitting Oracle: The (Unintended) Religious Legacy of H. P. Lovecraft
• 'Frankenstein': An Indictment of Divine Indifference

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Wellcome Collection

Louis Wain: Three Cats Singing , 1925/1939

Cats were not, historically, great talkers (unless you counted Siamese). For much of their existence they had not needed to be. Consigned to barns, kitchens and alleyways for centuries, their main communication remained mostly among themselves. Apart from the unearthly wailing of queens during heat, or the involuntary screech of a tom scratched during a fight, cats conveyed their feelings by a twitch of the tail, a flattened ear, a crouch to the ground.

Only in the nineteenth century, once cats moved to the city and started to bump into humans more regularly, did direct communication become necessary with greater frequency. Often, sadly, this involved raising a cry of pain or protest. Since cats “walked alone,” in Kipling’s phrase, and belonged to no one in particular, those who had not been incorporated into a loving family were considered common property. This made them catnip to young men (“boys” were famous for torturing cats) and attractive to those who sought to snag them for their fur or to sell them to a vivisectionist. No wonder they yelled. But there were other, more benign, reasons why a cat might need to speak its mind. To request the opening of the kitchen door, perhaps, or alert an owner to the approach of the cat’s meat man, an itinerant vendor with a cart of cheap offal and horsemeat from which householders and domestics could buy their pet’s food.

For the more suggestible owner, though, it was possible to imagine a darker side to this newfound articulation. For if the modern cat knew its name and could ask for food when hungry, who was to say that, when your back was turned, it wasn’t gossiping about you? If you added the cat’s well-known fondness for sitting on tops of piles of paper and books, it was quite possible to believe that it was reading your diary or browsing your letters. Worse still, perhaps it was at this very moment jotting in its own journal or cogitating a literary masterpiece—and, again, it might be all about you.

The anonymous narrator of Sōseki Natsume’s I Am a Cat (1906) is a tortoiseshell who lives in the home of Mr. Sneaze, a schoolmaster with artistic pretensions. Japanese society in the late-nineteenth-century Meiji period was increasingly attentive to European culture, and Sneaze embarks on writing poetry, practices singing in the lavatory, and tries his hand at painting. Having been told by a friend that the Renaissance artist Andrea del Sarto maintained that painters should make a point of drawing from nature, Sneaze dutifully starts sketching his sleeping cat, who is appalled at the results: “very oddly, my face lacks eyes.… Secretly I thought to myself that this would never do, even for Andrea del Sarto.”

I Am a Cat remains a classic of Japanese literature. One of its legacies has been Sōseki Natsume’s inventive way with pronouns. He makes his nameless narrator use the noble “wagahai,” which comically contrasts the cat’s high-falutin aspirations with his actual position as a pet in the house of a schoolmaster. The easiest analogy might be to think of the narrator as using the royal “We,” so that the title of the book becomes “We Are Cat.” This adoption of a mock-heroic pronoun proved so effective that it has subsequently been adopted by Japanese writers whenever they want to characterize an animal narrator with ideas above its station.

You see that same snootiness in Saki’s “Tobermory,” a short story published five years after Sōseki Natsume’s novel. Saki was the pen name of the British author Hector Hugh Munro. “Tobermory” is set in an English country house, at the far end of summer, when the shooting and hunting has yet to start and there is little to do beyond play croquet. A group of listless guests gathers for a weekend party at Sir Wilfrid and Lady Blemleys’. Amongst the company of bores and chancers is a man with the unlikely name of Cornelius Appin. He is supposed to be “clever,” although no one is quite sure what form this cleverness takes until, after probing, Appin reveals that he has spent the last seventeen years training animals to speak.

Even more remarkably, Appin announces that over the preceding few days he has managed to teach the Blemleys’ own pet cat, Tobermory, to hold a conversation. No one believes him, until Tobermory is ushered into the drawing room for a viva voce. The cat graciously accepts the offer of a saucer of milk but is unmoved when shaky Lady Blemley spills some on the carpet: “after all, it’s not my Axminster.” When patronizing Miss Resker asks Tobermory whether it has been difficult learning to speak, he ignores her and stares contemptuously into the middle distance. To Mavis Pellington, who asks brightly whether he thinks she is intelligent, the cat answers coldly that he has overheard Lady Blemley saying that the only reason Mavis has been invited to this house party is that she might be stupid enough to buy her hosts’ old car, the one that is always breaking down.

When another guest, Major Barfield, tries to create a diversion by asking archly about Tobermory’s “carryings-on with the tortoise-shell puss up at the stables,” Tobermory responds frigidly: “I should imagine you’d find it inconvenient if I were to shift the conversation on to your own little affairs.” This is enough to send several other men, including one who is training for the priesthood, into a panic.

This ability to speak truth to power effectively signs Tobermory’s death warrant. Lady Blemley arranges for his fish supper to be laced with strychnine. Yet the cunning cat fails to take the bait, much to the perturbation of the company, who are now terrified that he is busy spreading gossip about them. Instead, the following morning the gardener reports that he has discovered Tobermory’s corpse in the shrubbery. From the tufts of fur caught in the cat’s claws there has clearly been a fatal fight with the orange tom from the rectory. A few months later, a newspaper reports the death of an Englishman following an attack by an elephant in Dresden’s Zoological Gardens. One of the Blemleys’ guests remarks that it would serve Cornelius Appin right if his demise were the result of pestering a pachyderm to learn irregular German verbs.

Not all talking cats were as intellectually cocksure as Tobermory or the narrator of I Am a Cat , although plenty displayed an overweening sense of moral superiority. From the middle of the nineteenth century you could find animals lining up to recount their tragic life stories as a way of exposing the brutal conditions of their existence. Anna Sewell’s Black Beauty is the fons et origo here. Published in 1877, the book “translated from the original equine” purports to be the autobiography of a high-born stallion who, as his strength and good looks start to go, is handed over to a series of rougher owners until he is put to work pulling a hackney cab in central London.

Black Beauty was a huge success and inspired a hundred copycats from writers and activists who were part of the growing swell of the animal welfare movement. In 1893 Jerome K. Jerome included a piece in Novel Notes in which an experienced cat tells a younger one how to audition various homes before deciding where to settle permanently. Louis Wain, the commercial artist who had become a household name with his comical drawings of anthropomorphic cats, did the pictures. The weekly magazine Our Cats and the small-mammal publication Fur and Feather are likewise stuffed with pieces apparently written by paw. A typical story might involve a senior cat, secure in cozy middle age, recounting the carelessness and cruelty it has encountered in its long journey from gutter to drawing room. By the time Pussy Meow , a plodding version of Black Beauty , appeared in 1901, it was hard to get cats to shut up.

Other pieces exploited the feline first person for laughs. In August 1902 Our Cats ran a piece in which a journalist interviews the inmates at the Mayhew cat rescue home in north London. These include a rough cockney tom who sounds like Bill Sikes and a Persian lady who declines to be interviewed because she thinks newspapermen are common. She does let it be known, though, that she would prefer the Mayhew to be described as a “Cat Hydro” rather than a “Home.” Another furry interviewee, a literary type, confides that he feels as if he is a character in a Dickens novel who has ended up in debtors’ prison.

Finally, and most outlandish of all, were the occasional attempts to teach actual cats to speak. The most sustained account appears in a curious American publication of 1895, Pussy and Her Language , which includes a “Paper on the Wonderful Discovery of the Cat Language” by Professor Alphonse Leon Grimaldi FRS. Prefiguring Professor Higgins and Dr. Dolittle by at least a decade, Grimaldi details the technicalities of forming labial and explosive consonants when you have a teeny tiny cat mouth. Vowels, unsurprisingly, make up most of “the feline language,” which consists of six hundred words, many of them onomatopoeic, among them:

Aeilio ……………………… Food. Lae ……………………… Milk. Parriere ……………………… Open. Aliloo ……………………… Water. Bl ……………………… Meat. Ptlee-bl ……………………… Mouse meat. Bleeme-bl ……………………… Cooked meat. Pad ……………………… Foot. Leo ……………………… Head. Pro ……………………… Nail or claw. Tut ……………………… Limb. Papoo ……………………… Body. Oolie ……………………… Fur. Mi-ouw ……………………… Beware. Purrieu ……………………… Satisfaction or content. Yow ……………………… Extermination. Mieouw ……………………… Here.

In addition to this, cats have distinct words for numbers from one to a hundred and are not afraid to talk big: “a millionaire in the Cat language is a ‘zuluaim.’”

Grimaldi doesn’t stop here. He maintains that cats are also capable of forming simple sentences, although the word order is somewhat different from the usual English (but shouldn’t that really be French, since Grimaldi purports to be from Paris and this paper is supposed to be translated?). “According to the primal order of speech and the manner of the construction of sentences in the Cat language, you will hear such utterances as these: ‘Milk give me,’ ‘Meat I want,’ ‘Mary I love,’ ‘Going out, my mistress?’ ‘Sick I am,’ ‘Happy are my babies.’”

Might the whole thing be an elaborate prank? Consider Grimaldi’s own name. It sounds remarkably like “Grimalkin,” the folkloric name for a cat, while Leon is of course very close to Leo, a lion or big cat. And what are we to make of the fact that the book is illustrated by C. E. Connard? Connard, translated from the French, means, at its politest, “idiot.” At its rudest it means “pussy.”

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This essay is adapted from Catland: Louis Wain and the Great Cat Mania (©2024 Kathryn Hughes), published today by Johns Hopkins University Press . 

Kathryn Hughes is Professor Emerita of Life Writing at the University of East Anglia. Her latest book is Catland , about the cat craze of the early twentieth century. (June 2024)

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Climate Change Added a Month’s Worth of Extra-Hot Days in Past Year

Since last May, the average person experienced 26 more days of abnormal warmth than they would have without global warming, a new analysis found.

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By Raymond Zhong

Over the past year of record-shattering warmth, the average person on Earth experienced 26 more days of abnormally high temperatures than they otherwise would have, were it not for human-induced climate change, scientists said Tuesday.

The past 12 months have been the planet’s hottest ever measured, and the burning of fossil fuels, which has added huge amounts of heat-trapping gases to the atmosphere, is a major reason. Nearly 80 percent of the world’s population experienced at least 31 days of atypical warmth since last May as a result of human-caused warming, the researchers’ analysis found.

Hypothetically, had we not heated the globe to its current state , the number of unusually warm days would have been far fewer, the scientists estimated, using mathematical modeling of the global climate.

The precise difference varies place to place. In some countries, it is just two or three weeks, the researchers found. In others, including Colombia, Indonesia and Rwanda, the difference is upward of 120 days.

“That’s a lot of toll that we’ve imposed on people,” said one of the researchers who conducted the new analysis, Andrew Pershing, the vice president for science at Climate Central, a nonprofit research and news organization based in Princeton, N.J., adding, “It’s a lot of toll that we’ve imposed on nature.” In parts of South America and Africa, he said, it amounts to “120 days that just wouldn’t be there without climate change.”

Currently, the world’s climate is shifting toward the La Niña phase of the cyclical pattern known as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. This typically portends cooler temperatures on average. Even so, the recent heat could have reverberating effects on weather and storms in some places for months to come. Forecasters expect this year’s Atlantic hurricane season to be extraordinarily active, in part because the ocean waters where storms form have been off-the-charts warm.

The analysis issued Tuesday was a collaboration between several groups: Climate Central, the Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre and World Weather Attribution, a scientific initiative that examines extreme weather episodes. The report’s authors considered a given day’s temperature to be abnormally high in a particular location if it exceeded 90 percent of the daily temperatures recorded there between 1991 and 2020.

The average American experienced 39 days of such temperatures as a result of climate change since last May, the report found. That’s 19 more days than in a hypothetical world without human-caused warming. In some states, including Arizona and New Mexico in the Southwest and Washington and Oregon in the Northwest, the difference is 30 days or more, a full extra month.

The scientists also tallied up how many extreme heat waves the planet had experienced since last May. They defined these as episodes of unseasonable warmth across a large area, lasting three or more days, with significant loss of life or disruption to infrastructure and industry.

In total, the researchers identified 76 such episodes over the past year, affecting 90 countries, on every continent except Antarctica. There was the punishing hot spell in India last spring. There was the extreme heat that worsened wildfires and strained power grids in North America, Europe and East Asia last summer. And, already this year, there has been excessive warmth from Africa to the Middle East to Southeast Asia .

Raymond Zhong reports on climate and environmental issues for The Times. More about Raymond Zhong

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Over the past year of record-shattering warmth, the average person on Earth experienced 26 more days of abnormally high temperatures  than they otherwise would have, were it not for human-induced climate change, scientists said.

The Biden administration laid out for the first time a set of broad government guidelines around the use of carbon offsets  in an attempt to shore up confidence in a method for tackling global warming that has faced growing criticism.

A group of health experts, economists and U.S. government lawyers are working to address a growing crisis: people dying on the job from extreme heat. They face big hurdles .

Adopting Orphaned Oil Wells:  Students, nonprofit groups and others are fund-raising to cap highly polluting oil and gas wells  abandoned by industry.

Struggling N.Y.C. Neighborhoods:  New data projects are linking social issues with global warming. Here’s what that means for five communities in New York .

Biden Environmental Rules:  The Biden administration has rushed to finalize 10 major environmental regulations  to meet its self-imposed spring deadline.

F.A.Q.:  Have questions about climate change? We’ve got answers .

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Women's Writing Special Issue: Women Writers and Translation

Guest Editors:

Deborah Uman (Weber State University)

Karen Griscom (Community College of Rhode Island)

This special issue of  Women’s Writing  seeks to explore the multifaceted realm of women’s translation, spanning from the Middle Ages through the long nineteenth century. Over the past few decades, scholars have produced important insights on the worlds of women’s translation; however, much work remains. In the introduction to the 2023 special edition on translation studies in PMLA , A.E.B. Coldiron argues, “[T]ranslations constitute points of cultural and historical contact too generative to ignore” (419). Coldiron contends the future of literary studies demands scholars acknowledge the significance of translation: “Insisting on more-than-monolingual inquiry will necessarily yield literary criticism at once more precise and more expansive. Literary-cultural specialists who ignore translation, or who treat it instrumentally, do so at their peril, missing the bigger picture” (430). Given this imperative, our special issue seeks contributions that further the discussion of women writers and translation. We invite proposals for essays that engage with translation in a broad sense, including cultural translation, intralingual translation, and transmedia translation.

Topics may include but are not limited to:

• translation and gender theory
• mediating translations
• collaborative translation
• reception of translation
• patronage and translation
• paratextual material
• the materiality of translation
• women writers’ contributions to translation theory
• religious translation and commentary
• translation and history
• coterie publication of translation
• translation and prose fiction
• commercial profit and translation
• women’s education and translation
• authorship and originality
• anonymity and women’s translation
• networks around women translators
• translation and genre experimentation
• politics and translation
• translation and travel writing
• periodical publication of women’s translation

Please submit abstracts of 250 to 300 words with a short biographical statement by 15 September 2024 using this submission link :  https://forms.gle/ms9t2gdssY1NMyXR6

If accepted, author manuscripts will be due for peer review by 15 July 2025 . Please note that acceptance of an abstract does not guarantee inclusion in the special issue. All manuscripts will undergo anonymized peer review. The special issue is expected to be published in summer 2026.

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WorldCat Discovery release notes, 6 June 2024

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Release Date: 6 June 2024

Introduction

This release of WorldCat Discovery includes the following enhancements as well as bug fixes:

Filter search results to physical journals

Find primary works when book reviews are de-emphasized in search results.

• More accurately access licensed content when DOI URIs are available
• Display subject headings for additional vocabularies

Many of these enhancements are the direct result of your feedback.

New features and enhancements

With this release, users can now filter their searches by selecting a ‘Print Journal, Print Magazine’ sub-format within the ‘Journal, Magazine’ facet of the Format search filter in the following locations:

• Search results
• Explore Editions & Formats

This helps users focus their searches without sifting through results for both electronic and physical journals. Previously, only a sub-format filter for ‘eJournal, eMagazine’ was available under ‘Journal, Magazine’.

The WorldCat Discovery search box generator is also updated accordingly.  Within Service Configuration > Search Box Generator > Create search tabs , the Format options are updated to include sub-format selections for ‘eJournal, eMagazine’ and ‘Print Journal, Print Magazine’ under the 'Journal, Magazine' format. When your library administrator selects either sub-format, appropriate HTML is now generated.

Out of scope: Please note that the following are out of scope for this release:

•  ‘Print Journal, Print Magazine’ as a Format prelimiter on Advanced Search. Selection of format and sub-format limiters will be redesigned and expanded as part of our modernization of Advanced Search. 
• Explicit search syntax to search for Print Journal, Print Magazine using AND x0:jrnl AND x4: PrintJournal .  We will add this in a future release. Meanwhile, you may continue to use the syntax AND x0:jrnl NOT x4:digital.

Your users can now find known primary works more easily as we have de-emphasized book reviews about them in search results. Records describing a primary work are now more likely to appear above those for book reviews about them. Your users are less likely to mistakenly access or request a book review when looking for a known primary work. 

Note: Primary works are most likely to appear above book reviews about them when:

• Both the primary work and journals containing book review articles about it are held by your library
• Neither the primary work nor journals containing book review articles about it are held by your library.

When your library does not hold the primary work but does hold journals containing book reviews about it, users who scope their search to Libraries Worldwide and rank the results using the ‘Library’ relevance algorithm are likely to see records for book reviews in the journals that your library holds above those for the primary work that you do not hold. 

More accurately access licensed content when DOI URIs are available 

With this release, we are beginning to roll out an enhancement that will increase the reliability of WorldCat Discovery’s primary e-links. This will help your users more accurately access electronic resources.

For full-text article records that have a DOI available in their Central Index metadata, WorldCat Discovery will now pass that to the WorldCat knowledge base. These DOIs from Central Index metadata will supplement those that the knowledge base linker currently retrieves from CrossRef. Over the coming months, OCLC’s knowledge base team will be working to leverage the DOIs from metadata records passed by WorldCat Discovery to enhance selected vendor and collection link schemes. This will enable the knowledge base linker to use DOIs more often in the links that it sends to vendor platforms and get the user to the full-text article content more efficiently and accurately.

Display subject headings from additional vocabularies

With this release, subject headings from the following vocabularies are now included in the Subjects field on the item details page when your library has selected them for display.

You may select these subject heading vocabularies for display within Service Configuration > WorldCat Discovery and WorldCat Local > Item Detail Settings.

• Expand the Select data sources accordion
• Select the Subject Heading Vocabularies tab
• Check Other Source
• Check Select specific sources
• Click within the Specific Sources box to reveal the menu of vocabularies

You may search by vocabulary name or term source code or browse the list sorted alphabetically by vocabulary name. Click on the vocabulary name to select it.

Alternatively, these vocabularies will display if you check Other Source and then Turn on all 6xx with a 2nd indicator value of 7 and $2.

If you have selected specific sources, you may also configure where within the order of subject headings these vocabularies display within the Subjects field of your item details page. Within Service Configuration > WorldCat Discovery and WorldCat Local > Item Detail Settings > Reorder data fields find the Subjects field configuration section within either the Promote to View or Demote from View column. Drag and drop subject heading vocabularies to control the display order.

Browse related items – correct count displayed on modified search results when an item contains more than 100 parts 

On the item details page, within the ‘Browse related items’ tab, for items that contain more than 100 parts, when users click to view the parts, a correct count of the parts is now displayed at the top of the modified search results listing. Previously, while the correct count of parts was displayed on the ‘Contains NNN items’ CTA within ‘Browse related items’, the count displayed on the modified search results listing was limited to 100. 

New content

This is a list of new databases added to WorldCat Discovery and WorldCat.org since our last update.

You can enable these databases as search options in the Metasearch Content module of the OCLC Service Configuration site. Please remember that your library must have a valid subscription to these databases in order to enable them.

Below is a list of new database names and providers for reference. The complete list of databases is available at  http://www.oclc.org/content/dam/oclc/worldcat-discovery/contentlist.xls  

Available in WorldCat Discovery and WorldCat.org

From alexander street.

CBS News Video Archive - The database contains CBS News archives from 1950s-2010s, including programs never before available for distribution, since their original broadcast dates.

Clinical Nursing Skills in Video - Collection of regularly updated demonstration and training videos produced by ProQuest to help nursing students and professionals to improve their clinical skills and provide the best possible patient care. Skills covered in the collection are specially selected by our advisory board to meet the current standards of best practice with each video demonstrating a specific clinical skill step-by-step that is explained in clear language by the narrator.

Contemporary Anthropology: Archaeological Fieldwork and Methods - This collection brings together archival and textual material relating to archaeological excavations, methods, and practices done in the late 20th century to present day.

Forensic Nursing in Video: A Symptom Media Collection - Database of video case studies detailing stories of abuse, sexual assault, and injury. Case study demonstrations include principles of trauma informed care, seeking consent, and history taking.

Music Online: Classical Music in Video, Volume 2 - This collection continues the rich tradition of Vol. 1, featuring a diverse range of musical performances showcasing classical concerto, orchestral, and choral music from the Romantic period to the Contemporary period.

Music Online: Opera in Video, Volume 2 - Volume 2 features a selection of notable opera productions and insightful documentaries from renowned artists and companies, offering a glimpse into some of the world's most celebrated and historically significant operas.

Music Online: Smithsonian Global Sound for Libraries, Volume 2 - Music Online: Smithsonian Global Sound for Libraries produced in partnership with Smithsonian Folkways Recordings, is a virtual encyclopedia of the world's musical and aural traditions. The collection provides educators, students, and interested listeners with an unprecedented variety of online resources that support the creation, continuity, and preservation of diverse musical forms. Volume 2 continues our collaboration with Smithsonian Folkways Recordings, expanding the remarkable audio archive to a wider array of American folk, blues, soul, jazz, and historic recordings, as well as a broad range of world music spanning Islamic, Central Asian, Latin and more.

National Theatre Collection, Volume 1 (Text) - National Theatre Collection brings the stage to life through access to high definition streaming video of world-class productions offering significant insight into theatre and performance studies. Through a collaboration with the U.K.'s National Theatre, this collection offers a range of digital performance resources never previously seen outside of the National Theatre’s archive. Access unique supplements to the filmed productions — exclusive digitized archival materials such as prompt scripts, costume designs, and costume bibles which provide behind-the-scenes background and contextual information.

National Theatre Collection, Volume 2 (Text) - National Theatre Collection brings the stage to life through access to high definition streaming video of world-class productions offering significant insight into theatre and performance studies. Through a collaboration with the U.K.'s National Theatre, this collection offers a range of digital performance resources never previously seen outside of the National Theatre’s archive. Access unique supplements to the filmed productions — exclusive digitized archival materials such as prompt scripts, costume designs, and costume bibles which provide behind-the-scenes background and contextual information.

The PBS Video Collection: Fifth Edition - Australia - An additional collection of PBS documentaries and series covering topics from science to history, art to Shakespeare, diversity to business & economics, and more.

The PBS Video Collection: Fifth Edition - Canada - An additional collection of PBS documentaries and series covering topics from science to history, art to Shakespeare, diversity to business & economics, and more.

The PBS Video Collection: Fifth Edition - Outside North America - An additional collection of PBS documentaries and series covering topics from science to history, art to Shakespeare, diversity to business & economics, and more.

The PBS Video Collection: Fifth Edition - United States - An additional collection of PBS documentaries and series covering topics from science to history, art to Shakespeare, diversity to business & economics, and more.

The Projectr Collection - Canada - The Projectr Collection is a curated collection of acclaimed and award-winning documentaries, short films, and fiction films from around the world, brought to you by Grasshopper Films.

The Projectr Collection - United States - The Projectr Collection is a curated collection of acclaimed and award-winning documentaries, short films, and fiction films from around the world, brought to you by Grasshopper Films.

Twentieth Century Religious Thought, Volume 5: Religion in Video - The collection of religious films and documentaries in this volume provide insights into the history, rituals, and practices of different religions, as well as the experiences of people who follow these faiths. Some titles explore the role of religion in society and its impact on individuals, while others delve into the spiritual journeys and transformations of individuals. These titles help viewers gain a deeper understanding of the social and political context surrounding practicing religion in the modern era.

Eine Globalgeschichte der Lyrik Online - The four-volume work “A Global History of Poetry” reconstructs the history of poetry from the sources. It takes a look at poetry in all documented written languages and covers a period of around 4,500 years.

Oral Poetry and Narratives from Central Arabia Online - Oral Poetry and Narratives from Central Arabia Online consists of the five volumes of P. Marcel Kurpershoek’s work on Bedouin poetry from Najd, published between 1994 and 2005. This work is the fruit of Kurpershoek’s almost twenty years of involvement with Arabian oral culture. In the work he discusses some of the striking features of the traditions collected, and their significance within the broader political, social, and cultural context of the tribal system stretching from Yemen to the Anatolian highlands.

From Oxford University Press

Business Trove - Business Trove provides seamless access to around 45 OUP textbooks, many enriched with additional learning materials, for a range of undergraduate and postgraduate programmes offered within Business Schools.

Science Trove - Science Trove is a single destination that provides online access to science textbooks from Oxford University Press, offering a breadth of material to support students throughout their undergraduate studies.

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• Education, training and skills
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• Primary curriculum, key stage 1
• English (key stage 1)

Optional key stage 1 tests: 2024 English reading test materials

Optional English reading test materials used in May 2024.

2024 key stage 1 English reading Paper 1: reading prompt and answer booklet

Ref: ISBN 978-1-83507-015-4, STA/24/8800/e

PDF , 38.8 MB , 20 pages

2024 key stage 1 English reading Paper 2: reading booklet

Ref: ISBN 978-1-83507-017-8, STA/24/8802/e

PDF , 7.17 MB , 12 pages

2024 key stage 1 English reading Paper 2: reading answer booklet

Ref: ISBN 978-1-83507-016-1, STA/24/8801/e

PDF , 366 KB , 12 pages

2024 key stage 1 English reading - administering Paper 1: reading prompt and answer booklet

Ref: ISBN 978-1-83507-136-6, STA/24/8821/e

PDF , 243 KB , 8 pages

2024 key stage 1 English reading - administering Paper 2: reading booklet and reading answer booklet

Ref: ISBN 978-1-83507-137-3, STA/24/8822/e

PDF , 208 KB , 4 pages

2024 key stage 1 English reading mark schemes

Ref: ISBN 978-1-83507-018-5, STA/24/8803/e

PDF , 351 KB , 26 pages

2024 copyright ownership: key stage 1 national curriculum tests

It is recommended that schools administer the optional English reading tests at the end of key stage 1 in May 2024. Test administration instructions and mark schemes are also provided.

Please refer to the copyright ownership report for details of how schools, educational establishments and third parties can use these materials.

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