thesis in translation

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Recent masters dissertation topics in Translation Studies

'The Influence of Cross-cultural Factors on Interpreters’ Roles in the Medical Setting in New Zealand: Revisiting the Code of Ethics (AUSIT) from a Chinese Perspective' - Yi Liang 'Exploring the Concept of Fidelity in Official English-Chinese Movie Title Translation under Skopostheorie' - Zhang Sun 'Translation of Vulgarism in Film in light of Nida’s Dynamic Equivalence Theory: A Case Study of the American Comedy Ted ' - Angel Chou 'A Derbyshire Gamekeeper from Rural China: The Translation Strategies for Code-switching in Lady Chatterley’s Love r' - Haiping Nui 'On Chinese-English Translation of Public Signs from the Perspective of Functionalist Theories' - Qinming Tian 'News Translation under Government Censorship' - Juechen Shao 'The Translation Action and Quality – A Case Study of the Chinese Translation of Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix ' - Jing Fu 'Translating Humour in Subtitle Translation as seen in the Case of Big Bang Theory ' - Ruwei Zhang 'The End Justified the Means: Self-translation Strategies in Eileen Chang’s The Golden Cangue ' - Jasmine Luo 'Application of a Concept System and Translation Strategies – With Reference to Hang Gliding' - John Burton 'How News Translation in New Zealand Chinese Media Has Influenced the Chinese Ethnic Group’s Integration into the Host Society' - Lu Zheng 'Translation Industry and Translation Training in Japan' - Yutaka Kato 'The Evaluation of Certification System for Translators in China: From a Perspective of Market Demand' - Yishan Wang 'Translate the Untranslatable  - The Analysis of Humour Translation in Subtitling' - Yanning Zhang 'Translation Strategies for Bilateral Agreement Translation: A Case Study of NZ – China FTA' - Heida Donegan 'Never Mind the Bollocks!’ – Exploring the Vulgarism Translation of an American Film, The Town , from English to Chinese under Nida’s Equivalence Approach' - Anna Guo 'The Application of Translation Strategies in Feudal China (1896 – 1916) in the Light of the Rewriting Concept under the Cultural Turn: A Case Study of the Chinese Versions of Sherlock Holmes' - Kylie Ke 'Strategies for Maintaining Cultural Identity in Subtitle Translation in the Globalization Era: A Case Study of Ang Lee’s Pushing Hands ' - I-Tser Nieh 'Issues of Legal Translation in Comparative Legal Systems: A Critical Analysis of the Approaches and Strategies' - Seng-Yu Tsai 'Practical Issues of Accuracy in Court Interpreting' - Ming Chang 'On Translation of Idioms in the Light of Skopostheorie: A Case Study of the Two English Versions of Hong Lou Meng ' -  Zhaolong Yang 'The Importance of Comparison Strategy in the Study of Translation between Chinese and English' - Siyi Yang 'Translation Incompetence Led to Mistranslations: In Search for the Translation Competence through Mistranslation Analysis' - Ji Hyun Lee

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Thesis on Translation

Related Papers

Journal of Modern Languages

Aynaz Samir

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the current curriculum for M.A. English translation in Iranian universities regarding the students’ perspectives to find its deficiencies and to propose some recommendations to make the curriculum compatible with students’ needs. The study was done based on a quantitative research design using a researcher-made questionnaire. The questionnaire was administrated to 341 M.A. and Ph.D. translation students in Iran. The data from the questionnaire were analyzed in descriptive statistics and an independent samples t-test. The results revealed that the current curriculum was moderately effective in providing the students with the necessary translation competencies. The results indicated some courses including Translation Workshop, and Theories of Translation were effective. Whereas, some courses such as Literary Criticism, and Philosophy of Education were not effective enough to improve students’ theoretical knowledge a...

Hamid Marashi , Elmira Mohammadi

This study sought to evaluate the graduate program of Translation Studies in terms of training expert translators in the field of humanities and social sciences. In so doing, 87 students studying in the first and third semesters from Islamic Azad University at Central Tehran, South Tehran, and Science and Research Center were selected and they participated in the study. Accordingly, the students were first homogenized based on their general English Proficiency and then took a translation ability test consisting of four different texts. The translations were scored according to Hurtodo’s rubric by three raters who enjoyed inter-rater consistency. Based on the statistical analysis of the gathered data, it was concluded that the third-semester students showed higher mean scores on the four types of the translation texts all of which were statistically significant. Thus the null hypothesis of this study stating that the MA Translation Studies program had no significant effect on the students’ translation ability was rejected.

Research in English Language Pedagogy

This study aims to investigate the program of Translation Studies, offered in Iranian universities at the level of Master, in terms of its curriculum through a needs analysis model offered by Altschuld and Witkin (1995). To do so, after a review of the related literature and conducting a documentary analysis, the researchers chose to look at the issue from different perspectives. Current instructors, professionals who are involved in the business of translation and a number of graduated students were interviewed so as to gather enough data to design a questionnaire, which constitute the backbone of the study. Since the study aims at students' perception, the survey was conducted on students of Translation Studies program, which was based on the interviews with instructors, graduates of the program and the professionals working in the market. Afterward, the questionnaire data were gathered and, subsequently, went under statistical procedures. Based on the results, the researchers came up with practical recommendations for curriculum renewal, based on the needs-analysis model adopted. As this study has adopted a triangulation approach to investigate the curriculum, the results and recommendations, although limited, can be of great use to educators, curriculum developers and translator trainers in particular.

Antar Abdellah

European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences

Seyed Mohammad Hosseini-Maasoum

The present study, in the first place, attempted to examine the relationship between the theoretical knowledge of translation and practical translation skills in Iranian translators. For this purpose, 35 M.A students both males and females studying English translation were selected in Mashhad Ferdowsi University in Iran. In order to collect data two tests were applied: one made up of questions selected from the Ph.D and M.A entrance exams together with a test of actual translation from Persian to English and the reverse. Data analysis and statistical calculations through T-TEST, one way ANOVA and Pearson Correlation revealed that participants’ theoretical knowledge does not displays a significant correlation with their scores in the English to Persian practical exams, while there is a positive relationship between participants’ scores in the theoretical exams and their Persian to English translation. Also it was found that participants’ experimental experiences in translation have a...

Theory and Practice in Language Studies

bahram mowlaie

Concerning the significant role of translation as a significant field which contributes to intercultural communication, assigning valid criteria for teaching translation is necessary to make sure that the best practices are employed by instructors’ to teach translation skills. This, in return, would help translation students be equipped with better translation skills. However, little research has been conducted to see what training practices translation instructors employ in their translation training classrooms. More significantly, it has been little research to determine the criteria that are behind the practices instructors employ in their translation training classroom. The purpose of the current research was to determine what practices instructors follow in their English translation classrooms and what criteria are behind these practices. To serve this purpose, the classrooms of ten English translation instructors were observed in an Iranian academic context using an observatio...

Saeed Ameri

English and Persian translator training have been offered by many Iranian universities as an undergraduate program nation-wide. However, the program failed to keep up with the dynamics of the market demands, findings of Translation Studies research, and varied competences of students in the past two decades. This study investigated the Iranian English translator trainees’ perspectives on the former curriculum that was used for over twenty years. The other aim was to understand whether their needs and wants correspond to either of the old and the recently revised curriculum in 2018. Based on focus group interviews and literature review, a questionnaire was designed and validated, and the survey responses of over five hundred English and translator trainees (351 females & 152 males) from twelve universities in Iran were statistically analyzed. The findings revealed that the courses related to translation practice were ranked as the most important component of the curriculum by the tra...

Journal of Language and Translation

iman askari

The study was aimed at investigating the effectiveness of methods of teaching Translation Courses (TCs) used by Iranian instructors on English-major students’ translation proficiency development. To this end, 156 homogeneous students were selected as the participants to undergo quantitative and qualitative data collection simultaneously through a convergent parallel mixed methods design. The data were collected using a sample language proficiency test (PET), a translation pre& posttest, the Waddington TQA Rubric, and an interview as the instruments of the study. The quantitative data were analyzed using ANCOVA while the qualitative data were extracted through the procedure of content analysis by pinpointing and condensing meaning units as well as codifying and sorting the commonalities out of the comments extracted from the responses to the interviews. Finally, the two data banks were reported via SPSS software. It was concluded that the modern methods of teaching TCs had a signific...

European Journal of Contemporary Education

Vladimír Biloveský

Academic Journal of Nawroz University

lazgin barany

This study maintains that learners' perspective and reactions towards learning any subject including Translation is of a vital importance to achieve the objectives and outcomes of that subject. This study aims at drawing a picture of translation teaching from students' point of view and exploring students' skills in translating to assess the existing methods and to reconsider objectives behind teaching this or that translation course. In order to achieve the aims of the study a questionnaire consisting of 22 items was given to 49 students; 40 (20 boys and 20 girls) from the English Department; and nine students (five boys and four girls) from the Translation Department, College of Humanities, University of Duhok, Iraq to find out their reactions on different issues related to the teaching and learning of translation at their departments. The items of the questionnaire tried to explore issues related to culture, courses, texts, exams, teachers and students' reactions...

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• Master’s in Translation and Interpreting Online

Master's in Translation and Interpreting Online

100% online study.

Want to turn your language skills into a translation or interpreting career? Whether you are interested in business translation, medical translation, conference interpreting, legal translation, literary translation, transcreation, or localization, the online Master's (MS) in Translation & Interpreting offered by the NYU SPS Center for Publishing & Applied Liberal Arts prepares you for a wide range of translation and interpreting careers, from localization to project management. This 36-credit, fully online program provides students with the best of both worlds—the convenience and flexibility of learning on your own terms and at your own pace, while benefiting from a rigorous curriculum, a variety of elective courses tailored to your interests, and the prestige of earning your master’s degree at NYU , one of the world's most respected universities.

Degree Advantages

• Fully online format with opportunities to engage with faculty members and students at regular intervals
• Curricu lum that allows students to study translation from any language into English
• Covers both written translation and the best practices of oral interpreting
• Elective courses that customize your learning experience
• Prepares students for the American Translators Association (ATA) Certification Exam, a language industry-recognized credential
• Taught by faculty members who are professional experts in their fields
• Full-and part-time study options

VIEW FULL CURRICULUM AND DEGREE REQUIREMENTS >

Explore graduate opportunities at nyu sps.

Join an upcoming online session to learn more about our graduate degree program in Translation and Interpreting. As an attendee of an Explore Graduate Opportunities at NYU SPS session, you will meet members of our team and have the opportunity to ask questions about the online program, admission requirements, and application process.

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Graduate Instant Decision Day

Ready to complete and submit your application? During the event, you will have the opportunity to meet with Admissions Officers to discuss your complete application and receive a decision.

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Participants must submit a complete application by May 16 to receive a decision during the event.

Who Should Consider Earning the MS in Translation & Interpreting?

Whether you are interested in pursuing a full-time position with a language services provider or prefer the flexibility of a freelance translation and interpreting career, the MS in Translation & Interpreting will prepare you for a professional path in the translation industry, which is growing faster than many other fields. The online program provides students with the professional growth and cutting-edge translation and interpreting skills to work anywhere in the world. In a 2022 survey, we found that 100% of recent MS in Translation & Interpreting graduates reported being employed within six months of graduation.

Student Experiences

Become a language professional.

Faculty members who teach in the online MS in Translation & Interpreting program share their deep expertise with students from around the world. The comprehensive online program focuses on the specialized skills required for translation and interpreting, while thesis advisers provide guidance to students on the subtle nuances of Spanish-to-English translation , Chinese-to-English translation , Arabic-to-English translation , and numerous other language pairs.

Choose From a Wide Range of Elective Courses in Emerging Fields

The online MS in Translation & Interpreting program affords a solid core in theory and practice, terminology, and technology. In addition, the degree's elective courses provide students with the knowledge and tools to succeed in fields such as legal translation , literary translation , transcreation , website localization , machine translation , and financial translation and will provide tremendous flexibility in your translating and interpreting career.

Build a Portfolio of Projects That Demonstrates Your Translation and Interpretation Skills

The online MS in Translation & Interpreting is designed to ensure that you walk away with a comprehensive portfolio of translation projects that truly demonstrate your translation and interpreting skills to prospective employers, organizations, and clients. Your portfolio can be tailored to the area of specialization you choose—from medical translation , literary translation , and legal translation , to transcreation , financial translation , and localization of software and websites .

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

What is a master's degree in translation and interpreting.

A master's degree in translation and interpreting is a graduate-level academic program designed to provide students and working professionals with advanced training in the fields of translation and interpreting. The New York University SPS MS in Translation and Interpreting online program is intended for students with proficiency in at least one language in addition to English and who seek to develop specialized skill sets in translating written texts and interpreting spoken communication.

What can you do with a Master’s (MS) in Translation and Interpreting?

Once you've completed your MS in Translation & Interpreting, available jobs range from translation and localization to publishing and project management. Whether in law, finance, advertising, or intergovernmental agencies, the great need for translators is creating rewarding freelance and employment opportunities.

What languages are in high demand for translators?

Translators are in high demand across many languages given the global market for these professionals. The MS in Translation & Interpreting is open to applicants who wish to study translation from any language into English. The curriculum features terminology, research, revision, technology, and professionalization skills along with language-specific guidance.

Do translators need a Master’s degree?

Having a Master’s degree sets you apart and shortens the path to success in this rewarding career. Almost half of translators and interpreters surveyed by the American Translators Association hold master’s degrees. The MS in Translation & Interpreting program prepares its students for dynamic careers as highly skilled translators and language specialists.

How can I prepare for the ATA Certification Exam through this program?

Many of our students take the American Translators Association (ATA) Certification Exam , which is a 3-hour test-based credential and an advantageous addition to your resume. By the end of the MS in Translation & Interpreting program, graduates translate at a level that meets the ILR skill descriptions for professional performance.

What is the difference between translation and interpreting?

Translators work with written texts, while interpreters work with the spoken word. Students benefit from exposure to both practices, even though most professionals specialize in either translation or interpreting. In this program, students will master advanced strategies for translating complex documents and gain a foundation in the principles of interpreting.

How can I finance my degree? Are financial aid or scholarships available?

Options for financing the MS in Translation & Interpreting degree include Federal Student Aid (FAFSA), scholarships, private loan options, employer or veterans’ benefits, and New York University payment plans. We encourage students to explore the NYU SPS resources page on Graduate Financial Aid to find more information on financial aid and scholarships.

How does the MS in Translation and Interpreting at NYU differ from other programs?

The Master of Science in Translation and Interpreting at New York University was the first program to offer students a fully online degree in this discipline and has done so since 2012. We are also the only program to offer translation from any source language into English. Students will receive language-specific guidance in independent studies and the thesis project. We also designed the curriculum with the understanding that many translators and interpreters work in multiple language pairs. Our focus is on core skills in research, terminology, revision, technology, and professionalization to support translation from any language, along with the widest range of electives available.

What are the admission requirements for this online MS in Translation and Interpreting?

The NYU SPS Admissions team carefully weighs each component of your application during the admissions review process to evaluate your ability to benefit from and contribute to the dynamic learning environment and the challenging curriculum that the NYU School of Professional Studies offers. Visit the NYU SPS Graduate Application Requirements and Deadlines page for additional information about our admission requirements. Applicants to the MS in Translation and Interpreting should also take the ACTFL Proficiency Test . 

How long does it take to complete the online MS in Translation and Interpreting?

The NYU SPS MS in Translation and Interpreting program usually takes three semesters to complete as a full-time student and two to four years to complete as a part-time student.

Is it worth doing a Master of Science in Translation and Interpreting?

A Master’s degree is the gold standard credential in the language professions. The decision to pursue a Master of Science in Translation and Interpreting depends on your career goals and interests. Meet with professionals in the field and current students to gather insights and learn how completing an online graduate program in translation and interpreting can help you fulfill your aspirations.

Can translators make a lot of money?

Translators' wages vary depending on several factors such as the specialization in which they work and their experience, work structure (freelance vs. salaried), and clientele. For example, salaried professionals working in advertising or computer systems design make $91,390 to $106,540 per year on average, while those working in elementary schools or local government make $56,490 to $63,680 per year on average according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics . Freelance language professionals can make into the six figures, according to the American Translators Association .

What language is most in demand for translation?

The demand for translation services can vary depending on factors such as geographic location, industries, and global economic trends. However, certain languages are consistently in high demand due to their widespread use in international business, diplomacy, and cultural exchange. Chinese, Spanish, and Arabic are examples of in-demand languages for translation services. Translators in other languages can specialize and succeed as well. The NYU SPS program has trained students in Arabic, Chinese, Farsi, French, Greek, Italian, Japanese, Portuguese, Spanish, and many others, including languages of lesser diffusion.

Will artificial intelligence replace translators?

While AI technologies have made significant advancements in the digital age, they are not likely to replace human translators any time soon. This is because, unlike a professional human translator, AI struggles with nuance, cultural understanding, humor, and creative expression. The future of translation and the language services industry is likely a collaborative one, with human translators and AI working together to provide accurately translated content. The NYU MS in Translation & Interpreting program has integrated AI throughout the curriculum, including in particular the Core courses in Translation Technologies and The Language Professions and electives from Transcreation and Marketing Translation to Patent Translation to Post-Editing Machine Translation. The teaching of up-to-date technologies, including AI, is a key component of our program’s learning outcomes. We also hold events about AI in the Professions .

Is being a translator a stressful job?

Our faculty and students report that translation careers are joyful, creative, and rewarding. Being a translator can be challenging, and the level of stress varies like any job, but translation is ultimately a fulfilling career that leverages your multilingual skills. Since many translators and interpreters are self-employed, you will also have options to take control of your career. The NYU Master’s program in Translation & Interpreting helps students track toward freelance or full-time employment based on your personal situation and preferences. 

How do I start a career in translation?

To start a career in translation, it's crucial to be fluent in at least two languages. From there, you can obtain a formal education to build your foundation and establish yourself as a professional in the field.

How many years does it take to become a translator?

The time it takes to become a translator can vary. Many translators start their profession by earning a bachelor's degree in any field and then pursue a Master’s degree in Translation & Interpreting to dive into a specialization of their interest.

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Your request has been submitted, department highlights, translating 'the beast within: humans as animals': interview with alison duncan, international product development manager & french to english translator, finding a place to rest: fostering brave spaces to find and utilize our voices, embracing every hue: liberating imposter syndrome, intersectionality, & borders through storytelling, press start to video game localization with marina ilari, translation and interpreting faculty member alejandra oliva publishes rivermouth: a chronicle of language, faith, and migration, pala academic director of continuing education jenny mcphee’s translation of elsa morante’s novel ‘lies and sorcery’ wins accolades, scribe at spirit week: the translated and queer/banned book expo, pala student bethany fisher pursues nyu sps master’s degree to help give a voice to marshallese people, ms in translation & interpreting student justin sergi publishes translation in asymptote, translators in the digital age: interview with faculty member elizabeth lowe, pala alum spotlight: mariam moustafa, ms in translation & interpreting, elizabeth hsu, ms in translation and interpreting graduate, selected as 2023 flag bearer, navigating peacekeeping and climate change through translation, ai in the professions: professional writing, translation, and the new face of content creation, pala faculty spotlight: barbara inge karsch, ms in translation & interpreting, ms in translation & interpreting student judith santos awarded the malkemes scholarship for fall 2022, take the next step.

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MA Translation Studies

Extended translation projects.

• English Translation of a mini-anthology of texts from the Deutsche Zeitschrift für Sportmedizin on the shared topic of marathon running , David Twyman

Dissertations

•  * Translation Types and Repetition: A Finnish Version of Psalm 49 Evaluated , Sirkku Carey
• * Strategies for Translating Idioms and Culturally-Bound Expressions Within the Human Development Genre , Noor Balfaqeeh
• * Acknowledging and establishing the hierarchy of expertise in translator-reviser scenarios as an aid to the process of revising translations ,  Spencer Allman
• * Upgrading Film Subtitling to the Level of Literary Translation , Alexandra Palmer 
• Norms in the Chinese translations of Adam Smith's 'The Wealth of Nations' (1776) , Lung Jan Chan
• A study on the narrator's voice in the chinese translation of A Room of One's Own , Law Tsz   Sang
• The Use of Translation as a Teaching Technique within the Context of Learning English as a Foreign Language in Greece by Elena Arkadi.
• A Theological Approach to Equivalence: Comparing Judeo-Christian Belief with Shinto/Buddhist Thought by Dianne Cook.
• The Translation of Culture-Specific Items: An Analysis of Helen Fielding’s ‘Bridget Jones’s Diary’ and its Greek Translation by Dimitra Panagioutou.
• Analysis of Agatha Christie’s The ABC Murders and its Greek Translation by Eleni Panagioutou
• Medical Interpreting: Serving the Needs of Linguistic Minority Groups in the City of Birmingham by Alexandra Roupakia.
• Translating Behaviour in the Late Qing Period: A Case Study of Lin Shu and His Translation of Robinson Crusoe by Chan Iut Va
• Investigating the Issue of Translation Policy in a Multicultural Urban Setting: Birmingham  by Dominika Brzezina.
• The Subtitling of Film and the Strategies used in the Translation of Humour: An Evaluative Overview by Anastasia Doulakaki.
• Comparison and Contrast of Two Greek Translations of Tennesse Williams' A Streetcar Named Desire by Fotini Sagmatapoulou.
• *Anthologies of Modern Greek Poetry Translated into English (1974-2000): What the Introductions Say by Anna Tsapoga.
• Winnie the Pooh's Most Grand Adventure and Its Multi-media Translations into Greek by Sotiroula Yiasemi.
• Translating Culture-Specific References: A Study on Lu HSun's " The True Story of Ah Q" and Its English Translation by Siu Mui Yim
• Assessing Acceptability of a Translated Linguistics Book , by Ida Dewi.
• The Representation of Gender in Shakespeare's King Lear. A Critical Analysis of the English Text and Three Greek Translations , by Dimitra Kouskoubekou.
• * Media and Translation: The Influence of Cultural Views on the Translation of Newsweek into Japanese , by Chie Otani.
• Translation and Media: A Comparative Analysis of Cosmopolitan and its Greek Translation , by George Papaioannou.
• Translation Issues and Cultural Diversity in English - Greek Specialist Magazines , by Chrysanthi Pelekou.
• A History of Early Translation into Japanese: How the Translations Made in the Meiji Era Contributed to the Modernization of Japan , by Atsuko Takano.
• Translation Strategies for Dealing with Cultural Issues in Two Kimiiru Bible Versions and the Theological Implications of the Translation , by John Ataya.
• Translating Humour. A Comparative Analysis between English and Greek , by Emmanouela Fanouraki.
• The Translation of Metaphors in The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger by Alexandra Geka.
• The Art of Translating Poetry - A Focus on Processes , by Kiriaki Mela
• A Discussion on the Translation of Slang and Taboo Words in Quentin Tarantino's Pulp Fiction , by Ioannis Melissopoulos.
• An Analysis of Cohesive Patterns in an English text and its Japanese Translation , by Miki Nakamura.
• Textual Issues in Translation. An Analysis of the Opening Section of a German Annual Report and its English Translation , by Konrad Schafer.
• News on the World Wide Web and Translation , by Man Yee Tai.
• Theme and Topic Translation: From English into Chinese , by Feng-Mei Chao.
• Intertextuality in Two of Cavafy's Poems and Their Translation into English , by Antigoni Kantrantzi.
• Transferring Dialect: An Analysis of Irvine Welsh's Trainspotting and its Greek Translation , by Eirini Koufaki.
• Information Selection and Cohesion: A Case Study of Thai Translations of English International News Broadcast on Channel 5 TV News , by Usana Larbprasertporn.
• European Parliamentary Debates: Interpersonal Choices and Translation , by Giovanna G. Marcelli.
• Gender and Translation. How Women are Represented in Language , by Yoshiko Shimizu.
• Translating Salina into English: Loss and Compensation , by Intan Safinaz Zainuddin.
• Across Culture - Taking the Translation of Food, Modes of Address and Animals as Examples in the Chinese version of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland , by Fu-Chi Chen.
• Training Interpreters: An Evaluation of USM Interpreting Courses , by Leelany Ayob.
• Wordplay in English and Italian. Written Adverts and the Implications for Translation , by Maria Antonietta Armao.
• Transferring Drama: A Study of Two Translations of Harold Pinter's Old Times into Greek , by Evangelia Chaidemenou.
• Cohesion: A Translation Perspective , by Adamantia Karali.
• The Role of the Court Interpreter , by Evan Nga-Shan Ng
• Transitivity and the Translation Process: An Examination of the Shifts that Occur in Translation from Italian to English , by Lorraine Quinn-Adriano.
• Loss and Compensation in Translation: An Analysis of a Japanese Text and Its Translations , by Tomoko Kudo.
• The Translations of Metaphors in Newspaper Articles (English <=> Greek) , by Dimitra Sorovou.
• The Translation of Address Forms from New Testament (Greek into Dobel) by John Hughes.
• A Study of Compensation: A Comparative Analysis of Two Spanish Translations of Ulysses , by Gema Echevarria.

Thesis Translation: Why? How? When?

Why thesis editing and translation is something you need to think about now.

If you are a graduate student or a postdoctoral fellow at a university outside of the English-speaking world, chances are that you have spent some time thinking about when and whether to translate your research into English. In the humanities and the sciences alike, English is the dominant language of academic scholarship, and few would doubt that there are enormous advantages to producing journal articles and books in English. What younger scholars-in-training increasingly realize is that they also have good reasons to consider taking their first scholarly steps in English, even before their first academic article is published. Indeed, with wise use of thesis translation or thesis editing services, graduate students can get a head start in some very important ways.

Why produce a thesis in English?

Unlike a book or a journal article, a thesis or dissertation only officially needs to be accepted by your university department or your committee. This prevents some graduate students from ‘thinking big’ about the reach of their thesis or dissertation. Many universities outside of the English-speaking world offer the option of submitting a thesis in English, yet some graduate students don’t consider the option seriously. Here are a few reasons why it is worth doing so:

• Wider audience for your thesis itself: While a thesis is not officially a ‘publication’ in the way a book or journal article are, in the 21st century your thesis will be as widely accessible to scholars globally as many academic journals, through ProQuest and other electronic repositories. Scholars looking for the latest research in your field will be much more likely to find – and use – your work if it is available to them online in a language that they can read.
• Future applications: If you are writing an M.A. thesis, chances are that you are thinking about applying to doctoral programs. If you are finishing a doctoral dissertation, you might be thinking about post-doctoral fellowships. Whatever your next step, the application process is likely to require submission of a writing sample. If your best research is already in English, you will be able to use it as part of your application for most programs worldwide.
• Future publication: Of course, most young scholars aspire to eventually publish their research in book or article form. If your thesis is in English, you will have a much wider range of publishers and journals to choose from. And once you are published, your work will be accessible to a wider range of readers.

Thesis translation: How and When?

Convinced? If so, the next question is when and how to go about translating articles into English. There are three main options:

• Thesis Editing: write it in English, then get it edited . If you have good English, you might decide to write your thesis or dissertation in English from the outset. If your supervisor and department give their blessing, this option might be the most efficient. Once your work is completed, you can employ thesis editing services to ensure it has the highest level of polish and clarity.
• Thesis translation before submission . Perhaps you are most comfortable writing in your mother tongue, but still want the advantages of a thesis in English. If so, you can employ thesis translation services as you go along – perhaps on a chapter-by-chapter basis. If your university gives permission, you may be able to submit the English translation as the official version of your thesis.
• Translation after acceptance . Even if your thesis needs to be submitted to your university in another language, it is never too late to produce an English version. When translating an already-accepted thesis into English, you might choose to think about it already as a book manuscript draft (or drafts of a series of articles). In fact, you might even want to edit and alter the original version before sending it for translation, in order to tailor it to your desired publishing house or journals.

In short: A scholarly output in English can be of great benefit, even at the earliest stages of an academic career. And there are many ways to make it happen!

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Quoting and Translating

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Foreign Words and Phrases in an English Texts

In your research, you might find that certain key concepts important to your work do not have a direct English equivalent. In this case, keep the term in the foreign language and italicize it:

After introducing the key term, you can explain to your audience the meaning of the term and how it might compare and contrast with similar terms they know. Using the word without explanation (e.g. anguish instead of toska ) can be seen as misrepresenting the key term, because it does not invoke the other layers of meaning.

Popular Foreign Words

There are a number of commonly used foreign words, abbreviations and phrases that are part of American English: ad hoc, cliché, concerto, genre, sic, versus. Such popular words can be found in a dictionary and are considered a part of the English language. There is no need to translate them, unless they are used by the author in an innovative and unusual ways. In such case, you can provide more context for them.

Quotations Entirely in a Non-English Language

If you are quoting a whole sentence, you do not have to italicize the non-English words.

Keeping the whole sentence untranslated is a strategy that you could use when you are expecting your readers to know the language to some degree, or if you decide that the readers would benefit from reading and appreciating the original text. This is also the case, when the sentence might not be recognizable as an English translation, but is very well known in the original version.

Some texts that you are using might already contain specific formatting in a non-English language. In the example below, part of the quotation was written in italics. Preserve that original formatting in your quotation.

In this quotation, Anzaldúa provides a direct translation of the saying she heard as a child. Note that the saying she heard in Spanish is kept in original (just as she heard it and as she wrote it – in italics ). She also provided a translation of the saying to make it understandable for the readers who might not understand it otherwise.

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The Disappearing Act of Literary Translation, in Full View

Translators used to be secondary characters in the publishing industry. An issue of The New York Times Book Review aims to put their craft in the spotlight.

By Katherine J. Igoe

Times Insider explains who we are and what we do and delivers behind-the-scenes insights into how our journalism comes together.

The art of translation was on Gregory Cowles’s mind.

It was the beginning of 2023, and Mr. Cowles, a senior editor on The New York Times Book Review, noticed the section was assigning more reviews of translated books than usual. He had also just finished “Catching Fire: A Translation Diary,” in which the literary translator Daniel Hahn details the challenges and pleasures of rendering a work of art in another language. Mr. Cowles was fascinated by the nuances; it seemed that a thousand translators working with the same passage would most likely yield a thousand different translations.

He approached Juliana Barbassa, the deputy editor for news and features on the Books desk. “There’s this whole question: What is translated? Who decides that? Are we getting a full picture of what’s out there?” Mr. Cowles said.

Both editors saw the potential for a project that would bring attention to the craft in a new way. The first part of their monthslong effort appears as a special issue of The New York Times Book Review this weekend. In it, readers get a glimpse of the world of literary translation. The translator emerges as part expert, part curator and part magician, poring over a book and transforming it into new sentences without leaving fingerprints.

“For a very long time, translators were very much secondary characters. Their names weren’t on the cover, there was little recognition, they had few rights over the work. The pay was, and remains, not great,” Ms. Barbassa said.

The issue aims to show the wealth and diversity of translation work. It includes 13 reviews of translated books from across the globe, including a collection of translations by the famed Irish poet Seamus Heaney, who left an indelible imprint on the works he interpreted. There is an essay on Constance Garnett, who translated more than 70 Russian texts into English and believed deeply in the political ideals she was bringing to English-speaking readers.

The Book Review’s children’s editor, Jennifer Krauss, reached out to Mr. Hahn, whose translation diary had inspired the issue in the first place, to write an essay on the intricacies of translating children’s picture books. For the Book Review’s roundtable discussion, Ms. Barbassa led a conversation with five recognized translators who spoke about their craft in a 21st-century context, tackling thorny questions of funding, access and diversity.

Ms. Barbassa thinks of translation often; she has lived in several countries and speaks English, Portuguese, Spanish and French. “I’ve always lived between languages,” she said. “I think the act of literary translation is this incredibly creative, deeply layered craft and art. But I think that many people, even people who read books in translation, won’t have the opportunity to think about it.”

A feature from the Book Review explores the variety of interpretations that are held in a text. The classicist Emily Wilson, who published a new translation of the “Odyssey” in 2017 and will release one of the “Iliad” later this year, presents a passage from the “Iliad” translated five ways. In renditions from 1611, 1715, 1898, 1990 and 2023 (Ms. Wilson’s), each is marked by a distinct time period, translator bias and style.

The next phase of the project will be published in the coming weeks. Two digital interactive features will give readers an opportunity to follow translators as they work out the puzzles inherent in their work.

The first analyzes passages from two Spanish-language novels, one from Fernanda Melchor’s “Hurricane Season” and another from Alia Trabucco Zerán’s “Clean.” Sophie Hughes, the translator for both books, writes out what the original text intends to convey, and then takes a stab at converting it into recognizable English. The reader follows along as Ms. Hughes goes back, starts again, pauses and reworks the words until each line resembles what feels to her like the most faithful interpretation.

“Quite often we resort, with good reason, to metaphor: Translators are bridges, translators are spies, translators are like musicians. They’re all really helpful,” Ms. Hughes said. “But this was the first opportunity that I have ever had where a visual, illustrative, supplementary hive mind was able to extrapolate what I do when I translate,” she said of the project.

The second interactive feature focuses on the visual history of translating Japanese manga into English. Pitched by Gabriel Gianordoli, a design editor who worked on the project and reader of the Japanese comics, the article demonstrates how initial manga adaptations in the 1980s catered to English readers with extreme modifications and how, over time, modern manga translators have learned to extract more faithful renderings.

Throughout the issue and the digital components, the translators step into the spotlight, shining new light on the thousands of decisions they make that go into the works we read. Mr. Cowles said he hoped readers could begin “thinking a little bit like translators themselves: to be aware of what’s in the world beyond English.”