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Cloud Computing

• First Online: 13 February 2020

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• Ali Sunyaev 2  

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Cloud computing is an evolution of information technology and a dominant business model for delivering IT resources. With cloud computing, individuals and organizations can gain on-demand network access to a shared pool of managed and scalable IT resources, such as servers, storage, and applications. Recently, academics as well as practitioners have paid a great deal of attention to cloud computing. We rely heavily on cloud services in our daily lives, e.g., for storing data, writing documents, managing businesses, and playing games online. Cloud computing also provides the infrastructure that has powered key digital trends such as mobile computing, the Internet of Things, big data, and artificial intelligence, thereby accelerating industry dynamics, disrupting existing business models, and fueling the digital transformation. Still, cloud computing not only provides a vast number of benefits and opportunities; it also comes with several challenges and concerns, e.g., regarding protecting customers’ data.

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Further Reading

Lins S, Schneider S, Sunyaev A (2019) Cloud-Service-Zertifizierung: Ein Rahmenwerk und Kriterienkatalog zur Zertifizierung von Cloud-Services, 2nd edn. Springer, Berlin

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Sunyaev, A. (2020). Cloud Computing. In: Internet Computing. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34957-8_7

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Cloud computing is a network model of on-demand access for sharing configurable computing resource pools. Compared with conventional service architectures, cloud computing introduces new security challenges in secure service management and control, privacy protection, data integrity protection in distributed databases, data backup, and synchronization. Blockchain can be leveraged to address these challenges, partly due to the underlying characteristics such as transparency, traceability, decentralization, security, immutability, and automation. We present a comprehensive survey of how blockchain is applied to provide security services in the cloud computing model and we analyze the research trends of blockchain-related techniques in current cloud computing models. During the reviewing, we also briefly investigate how cloud computing can affect blockchain, especially about the performance improvements that cloud computing can provide for the blockchain. Our contributions include the following: (i) summarizing the possible architectures and models of the integration of blockchain and cloud computing and the roles of cloud computing in blockchain; (ii) classifying and discussing recent, relevant works based on different blockchain-based security services in the cloud computing model; (iii) simply investigating what improvements cloud computing can provide for the blockchain; (iv) introducing the current development status of the industry/major cloud providers in the direction of combining cloud and blockchain; (v) analyzing the main barriers and challenges of integrated blockchain and cloud computing systems; and (vi) providing recommendations for future research and improvement on the integration of blockchain and cloud systems.

Cloud Computing and Undergraduate Researches in Universities in Enugu State: Implication for Skills Demand

Cloud building block chip for creating fpga and asic clouds.

Hardware-accelerated cloud computing systems based on FPGA chips (FPGA cloud) or ASIC chips (ASIC cloud) have emerged as a new technology trend for power-efficient acceleration of various software applications. However, the operating systems and hypervisors currently used in cloud computing will lead to power, performance, and scalability problems in an exascale cloud computing environment. Consequently, the present study proposes a parallel hardware hypervisor system that is implemented entirely in special-purpose hardware, and that virtualizes application-specific multi-chip supercomputers, to enable virtual supercomputers to share available FPGA and ASIC resources in a cloud system. In addition to the virtualization of multi-chip supercomputers, the system’s other unique features include simultaneous migration of multiple communicating hardware tasks, and on-demand increase or decrease of hardware resources allocated to a virtual supercomputer. Partitioning the flat hardware design of the proposed hypervisor system into multiple partitions and applying the chip unioning technique to its partitions, the present study introduces a cloud building block chip that can be used to create FPGA or ASIC clouds as well. Single-chip and multi-chip verification studies have been done to verify the functional correctness of the hypervisor system, which consumes only a fraction of (10%) hardware resources.

Study On Social Network Recommendation Service Method Based On Mobile Cloud Computing

Cloud-based network virtualization in iot with openstack.

In Cloud computing deployments, specifically in the Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) model, networking is one of the core enabling facilities provided for the users. The IaaS approach ensures significant flexibility and manageability, since the networking resources and topologies are entirely under users’ control. In this context, considerable efforts have been devoted to promoting the Cloud paradigm as a suitable solution for managing IoT environments. Deep and genuine integration between the two ecosystems, Cloud and IoT, may only be attainable at the IaaS level. In light of extending the IoT domain capabilities’ with Cloud-based mechanisms akin to the IaaS Cloud model, network virtualization is a fundamental enabler of infrastructure-oriented IoT deployments. Indeed, an IoT deployment without networking resilience and adaptability makes it unsuitable to meet user-level demands and services’ requirements. Such a limitation makes the IoT-based services adopted in very specific and statically defined scenarios, thus leading to limited plurality and diversity of use cases. This article presents a Cloud-based approach for network virtualization in an IoT context using the de-facto standard IaaS middleware, OpenStack, and its networking subsystem, Neutron. OpenStack is being extended to enable the instantiation of virtual/overlay networks between Cloud-based instances (e.g., virtual machines, containers, and bare metal servers) and/or geographically distributed IoT nodes deployed at the network edge.

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Cloud Computing Adoption in Public Sector: A Literature Review about Issues, Models and Influencing Factors

2023, Matsatsinis, N.F., Kitsios, F.C., Madas, M.A., Kamariotou, M.I. (eds) Operational Research in the Era of Digital Transformation and Business Analytics. BALCOR 2020. Springer Proceedings in Business and Economics.

Cloud computing transforms the provision of information and communication technologies and is already affecting every aspect of economic and social activity. Moreo-ver, it is considered as a disruptive technology that will contribute to the digital transfor-mation of private and public organizations. Especially in the public sector cloud computing adoption can bring a number of benefits such as cost-savings, reduction of total cost of ownership, high availability of systems and services, provision of improved and enhanced capabilities, better services to citizens and more open, innovative and reliable authorities, both in central and in local government level. Therefore, public sector organizations should analyze cloud computing benefits and challenges and recognize factors that influence its adoption, in order to incorporate it into their strategy and initiatives for digital transfor-mation. However, as found from the literature, scientific research concerning cloud compu-ting adoption is rather limited, especially in public sector and more specifically in local government. The aim of this paper is to perform a literature review about cloud computing adoption in public sector. In this review, papers that study cloud computing adoption in public sector are identified, classified and analyzed, revealing theoretical-conceptual models that are applied and highlighting influencing factors that are examined through these mod-els. The findings of our study indicate areas for future research and provide knowledge for managers and practitioners that will lead computing adoption in the public sector and more specifically in local government authorities.

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