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A Fear of Phobias: Understanding and Addressing Irrational Fears

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Published: Jun 13, 2024

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phobia in english essay

All Write Alright

Writing About Fears and Phobias

phobia in english essay

Fear is a complicated emotion that involves pronounced emotional, physiological, and behavioral elements. To write fear well means you’re going to need to address each of those elements, while also taking into consideration the character’s personal history and why their fears developed. 

Like any of the major emotions, fear has a way of creeping into stories of just about every genre. If you’re writing a romance, you may have a character feel afraid of rejection as they plan to profess their love. If you’re writing something with action or horror elements, a character may encounter another person who poses a threat to their safety. In any story, however, a character may be afraid of bees or heights, or other things they could encounter at any time. If you can’t properly convey the feeling of fear in these situations, an otherwise good scene could end up feeling very shallow. 

What is the Character Afraid Of?

There are two major types of fear: rational and irrational. 

  • Rational fears are fears that make sense, such as being afraid of death or something that could cause serious bodily harm. In most cases, rational fears arise from genuine dangers; if there’s a good reason to be afraid of something, then it’s a rational fear to have. 
  • Irrational fears are fears that don’t make sense, and they vary from person to person. Someone might be afraid of clowns, even though clowns pose no real danger to anyone’s personal safety. Other examples are fear of worms, cats, holes, or ghosts. In other words, if there’s no reason to be afraid of something, and yet someone is afraid of it anyway, then that fear is irrational. 

Of these two, the one you’re going to need to think about the most is irrational fears —otherwise known as phobias . Everyone is afraid of suffering or dying, so that’s not as important to consider right away. Rather, consider what things your character is afraid of that sets them apart from their peers. Are they afraid of large bodies of water? Of getting lost? Of mushrooms?

Keep in mind that phobias are a type of character flaw. Character flaws exist to add depth to a plot by creating obstacles for a character to contend with or overcome, as well as allowing readers a deeper understanding of the character’s past and personality. If you give your characters a phobia, but they never encounter what they are afraid of in the story itself, then there is no real reason to give them that phobia in the first place. 

For more information on how to deal with character flaws in your story, check out How to Create Complex Flaws for Characters .

Why is the Character Afraid?

phobia in english essay

Now that you’re thinking about what your character is afraid of, you need to also start considering why they’re afraid of that—as well as how you can use that fear to your advantage in the narrative. 

As we’ve discussed above, many fears are innate or entirely rational. In that case, the answer to the question of why the character is afraid of something would be very straightforward. No one wants to be maimed or killed or otherwise put in harm’s way. Other completely understandable fears include getting lost, losing a loved one, or getting sick. But what about when a character’s fears are not so easily explained? 

Many fears result from past experiences. If someone is afraid of dogs, it may be because they were bitten by a dog in the past. If someone is afraid of clowns, it could be because someone they looked up to as a kid was also afraid of clowns, and they learned to be afraid too. You don’t need to do a lot of work to tie the character’s phobias to their backstory, but you should at least consider the origin of these fears so you can make their reactions to them deeper and more meaningful. 

Fears are complex, however, and can arise for a number of reasons. Not all fears have an easily identifiable cause, and others could have deep psychological explanations. Different people can be afraid of the same thing for entirely different reasons. For example, someone may fear large crowds because of the noise, while someone else may be afraid of crowds because of how easy it would be to get lost in a crowd, whereas another person may fear crowds because of the potential social demands of being around many other people. Other things, such as a person’s neurotype , can influence the way they interpret their surroundings and contextualize their experience too. 

Fears are more impactful if there is depth to the way they are experienced. If your characters have deep and meaningful reasons for being afraid of something, you need to clue readers in to the complex emotions and memories at play. 

Writing about “Fight or Flight”

“Fight or flight” is a phrase used to describe the physiological response a person experiences as a result of being afraid. Fight or flight, also known as “acute stress response,” causes the release of adrenaline and several other changes that allow a person to react quickly to a threat. 

Because of this response, the character experiencing acute stress may also experience:

  • Dilated pupils
  • Flushed face
  • Trembling 
  • Shallow breathing
  • Nausea 
  • Chills 
  • Rapid heart rate

However, although the physiological reaction to fear is universal, the behavioral reaction is not. There are four major types of reactions to threats that a person can exhibit, though there are variations within each category as well. These different reactions are known as:

  • Fight: This type of reaction is characterized by a person becoming aggressive and standing their ground as if to physically fight off a threat. However, this reaction can be triggered even when there is no physical threat to actually fight. 
  • Flight: This type of reaction is characterized by a person attempting to flee or hide. They may attempt to hide behind another person, run away, or cover their face. 
  • Freeze: This type of reaction is characterized by a person freezing up in the face of fear, often becoming incapable of moving or making a decision on their own. Like a kind of paralysis, this prevents a person from moving away from the threat in favor of not being noticed by it. 
  • Fawn: This type of reaction is characterized by a person trying to prevent a threat from occurring in the first place by being compliant with whatever or whoever is making them afraid. It is most common in survivors of abuse, who are used to trying to appease an abuser to prevent more abuse from taking place. However, it can also be triggered in other situations where the fear results from another person, rather than an animal, concept, or situation. 

Of course, a character can experience different reactions in different situations. If they are confronted by a wild animal, their instinct may be to freeze, while if they are spooked by an actor in a haunted house attraction, their reaction may be to fight the poor employee in the ghost costume.

A character’s personality, and their experiences with each individual trigger, is going to help determine how they respond to fear at a given moment. In addition to that, other environmental factors can influence how a person reacts to fear. When alone, a person may flee, but if they are with others, they may be more inclined to stay and fight. Take a look at the setting, the object of the character’s fear, the other characters present in the scene, and any other factors to help you determine the way a character will respond. 

The Body Language of Fear

phobia in english essay

As with any emotion, it is almost always better to “ show, don’t tell ” when it comes to writing about fear. 

This is probably a phrase you’ve heard a million times before, but if you want a refresher, you can check out Show, Don’t Tell: What It Is and How to Use It (With Examples) .

One of the easiest ways to utilize the principle of “show, don’t tell” is to rely on body language. The way a character moves and speaks can indicate how they are feeling without you having to tell readers “they are scared.” However, the body language exhibited by a character who’s afraid of something is going to depend on their reaction to that fear (fight, flight, freeze, or fawn). 

Here are some examples:

  • Fight: A character who instinctively reacts with the “fight” response is probably going to scowl, clench their fists, and stand with a wide stance. They could also stand protectively in front of others who are around them. Alternatively, they could lash out unexpectedly, instinctively trying to beat back whatever perceived threat has them scared. 
  • Flight: A character who reacts with the “flight” response may grab onto something or someone, retreat back several steps, hold their arms close to their chest, or flinch noticeably. They are also more likely to cover their face with their hands, hide behind other people or objects, shriek, scream, and cry.
  • Freeze: A character who reacts with the “freeze” response will quite literally freeze where they are standing. They may stare—either at their fear or off at nothing at all—or glance around frantically, and their limbs will still likely tremble. They could also be shocked silent, or they could mumble to themself or whine. 
  • Fawn: A character who reacts with the “fawn” response will appear to make themself as small as possible. They may hunch over, wrap their arms around themself, or even go down on their knees. Like the flight response, they are also more likely to cry, but they may also try to mask how they feel with a fake smile

Additionally, a character who is scared may engage in what’s known as “self-soothing behaviors” to try to calm down or ground themself. Here are some examples of what those behaviors look like:

  • Rocking back and forth
  • Shaking their hands
  • Wrapping their arms around themself
  • Chewing on their lip
  • Clasping their hands together tightly
  • Gripping someone or something tightly
  • Breathing slowly and deliberately 
  • Clenching their jaw
  • Fidgeting 
  • Picking at their fingernails
  • Holding their breath

For more information on how to use body language to cue readers in to how a character is feeling, make sure to check out Writing Body Language: Bringing Your Characters to Life next! 

Using Fear to Reveal More About a Character

The way a character reacts to being afraid can reveal a lot about who they are. Fear is great at revealing a person’s true colors, and betraying elements of their personality and past that they otherwise would not discuss. It’s also not uncommon for people to behave seemingly out of character when they are afraid. For example, someone who is ordinarily tough may become timid and quiet when they are scared, while someone who is ordinarily skittish could behave courageously under pressure. A person who is ordinarily very calm and collected could reveal a more aggressive side of themself when they are exposed to something they fear. 

You can also use a character’s fears to give readers subliminal context to that character’s backstory. If a character is afraid of people yelling, that could indicate they have experienced abuse in their past, without you having to explain that explicitly. 

Just by planning ahead a little, you can use fear to reveal many things about a character’s true personality, the way they think, and what they could be hiding.

phobia in english essay

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What Is a Phobia?

A phobia is an excessive, persistent, and irrational fear of something, and is a type of anxiety disorder. It can be directed toward objects, places, activities, situations, animals, or people. We all try to avoid things that make us feel uncomfortable, but people with phobias work hard to avoid what scares them, so much so that it disrupts their daily activities. Symptoms can range from mildly inconvenient (like sweating) to disabling (like avoidance behaviors that make someone miss out on important opportunities).

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A phobia is a type of anxiety disorder that magnifies perceived threats and trigger exaggerated stress responses.

The American Psychiatric Association identifies three major categories of phobias:

  • Social phobia, now called social anxiety disorder , is where people unreasonably fear being humiliated, embarrassed, or judged by others in social situations. Unfamiliar people and groups can be particularly distressing
  • Agoraphobia refers to an intense and debilitating fear of public places and situations where it is difficult to escape or embarrassing to exit. This may include enclosed and/or open spaces. Many people with agoraphobia also have panic symptoms or panic disorder, which involves intense fear plus uncomfortable physical symptoms, such as trembling, heart palpitations, and sweating
  • Specific phobias, known as simple phobias , are the most common type of phobias. These phobias can be of animals (such as dogs and cats ), people ( such as clowns and healthcare providers), environments (such as dark or high places), and situations (such as flying or taking a train)

Specific Phobias

  • Acrophobia: Fear of heights
  • Amaxophobia : Fear of driving
  • Androphobia: Fear of men
  • Arachnophobia : Fear of spiders
  • Automatonophobia : Fear of animatronics
  • Chronophobia : Fear of time
  • Cynophobia : Fear of dogs
  • Mysophobia : Fear of germs
  • Megalophobia : Fear of large objects
  • Pedophobia: Fear of children
  • Phasmophobia : Fear of ghosts
  • Spectrophobia: Fear of mirrors
  • Thalassophobia: Fear of deep water
  • Tocophobia: Fear of childbirth
  • Trypophobia : Fear of repetitive patterns of holes
  • Zoophobia: Fear of animals

Symptoms often overlap across different types of phobias. Commonly experienced psychosocial and physical reactions related to phobias include:   

  • Uncontrollable and severe feelings of panic and anxiety: Anxiety-associated physical effects, such as nausea, sweating, blushing, heart palpitations, and trembling. Other physical symptoms include increased heart rate, shortness of breath, a choking feeling, chest pain or discomfort, upset stomach, feeling dizzy or faint, a feeling of losing control or “going crazy” numbness, and chills or hot flashes  
  • Intentional avoidance: People with phobias may try to avoid the things that cause them intense fear and anxiety. Depending on the exact phobia, this can look like avoiding everything from meeting new people to going into elevators to avoiding flying on a plane or even leaving the house.
  • Understanding the fear is irrational but unable to control the exposure response: When someone has a phobia, they are aware that their reaction is exaggerated but unable to remedy it without help. Untreated phobias are life-limiting in that they cause significant interference with daily activities and interpersonal relationships

The Difference Between Fear and Phobia

Everyone experiences fear, but not everyone has a phobia. The difference exists in the degree of anxiety involved and how long a high level of anxiety persists. For example, it's normal to feel anxious around your neighbor’s pit bull, but you may have a phobia if you avoid your neighbor for fear of seeing their dog. What people with phobias are afraid of usually poses little to no danger. Also, regular, everyday fears do not require treatment, while phobias can become chronically impairing in the absence of treatment.

Diagnosis of phobias is based on criteria from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5 th Edition (DSM-5) and requires the response to be disproportionate to any actual threat.

Necessary elements of a phobia diagnosis include:

  • Exposure to the phobia almost always triggers an exaggerated stress response
  • The fear, anxiety, or aversion is persistent, typically lasting six or more months
  • It results in avoidance or enduring with extreme distress
  • Everyday functioning is impaired, impacting relationships and opportunities
  • The disturbance is not better explained by the symptoms of another mental disorder, including fear, anxiety, and avoidance of situations associated with panic-like symptoms or other incapacitating symptoms (as in agoraphobia); objects or situations related to obsessions (as in obsessive-compulsive disorder); reminders of traumatic events (as in posttraumatic stress disorder); separation from home or attachment figures (as in separation anxiety disorder); or social situations (as in social anxiety disorder)

A mental health professional may ask about current symptoms and family history, particularly whether other family members have had phobias. You may also be asked about any experience or trauma that may have set off the phobia, such as a dog attack leading to a fear of dogs.

When to Seek Help

Getting help is an effective way to treat phobias. If you are experiencing new or worsening symptoms of phobias, it is essential that you seek help to reduce its impact on your livelihood and quality of life. If your current treatment plan has stopped working, you should also connect with your healthcare provider.

Remember that your practitioner or mental health professional understands the nature of your phobias and can help you recover.

For more information on ways to get help, visit:

  • Anxiety Disorders Association of America (ADAA)
  • Phobics Anonymous at (760) 322-COPE

Childhood phobias typically present between ages 5 and 9, and go way beyond the typical fears of childhood and can be life-disrupting. They are often short-lived, however, and disappear within a few months.   While children with phobias can fear the same things as children without phobias, the key difference is that for a phobic child, there is no on-off switch for the fear. It’s ever-present and so extreme that it interferes with their ability to relax, concentrate, and enjoy activities.  

In adults, about 80% of new phobias become chronic conditions that do not go away without proper treatment.  

Social Anxiety Disorder

Social anxiety disorder is more than shyness or introversion. It is characterized by extreme fear and distress in social situations.

Men and women are affected equally with this disorder. This condition affects about 7% of Americans. People with social phobia can experience extreme difficulty in social activities, from dating and meeting new people to answering questions in school and interviewing for jobs. People with social phobia can lost out on opportunities as a result of aversion and avoidance. 

People with social phobia are at high risk for alcohol or other drug use because they may come to rely on these substances to relax in social situations.

Agoraphobia

The fear and aversion in agoraphobia comes from feeling unable to easily escape or get help. Diagnosis requires a marked fear or anxiety about two (or more) of the following five situations: Using public transportation, being in open spaces, being in enclosed spaces (e.g., shops, theaters, cinemas), standing in line or being in a crowd, and being outside the home alone.

Agoraphobia sometimes occurs when a person has had a panic attack and begins to fear situations that might lead to another panic attack.

Specific Phobias 

Having a specific phobia means responding unfavorably to a specific trigger that is generally not threatening to or distressing for others. It could be an environmental trigger like a lightning or rain storm, an animal trigger like snakes or spiders, or a situational trigger such as entering an airport or flying in a plane. Other common specific phobias include extreme fears of and aversions to heights, needles, and seeing blood. 

There is no way to prevent a phobia, but early treatment of panic disorders may help prevent agoraphobia.

Phobias in general are highly treatable because people are typically aware of their trigger. Psychotherapy, medication, or a combination of both can be used, but the exact treatment plan depends upon the type of phobia.

Psychotherapy

Healthcare providers will usually recommend talk therapy first, which includes:

  • Cognitive behavioral therapy: It is used to change specific thoughts that cause fear
  • Exposure-based treatment : It involves tackling parts of the phobia, working from the least fearful to the most fearful. You may also be gradually exposed to your real-life fear to help you overcome it
  • Phobia clinics and group therapy: They help people deal with common phobias such as a fear of flying
  • Social skills training: This may be recommended for people with social phobia, and involves social contact in a group therapy situation to practice social skills. Role playing and modeling are techniques used to help you become more comfortable relating to others in a social situation
  • Support groups: Sharing with others who have common experiences and problems can help alleviate the stress and anxiety that come with phobias. Support groups are usually not a good substitute for talk therapy or taking medicine, but can be a helpful addition. The Anxiety and Depression of America has a list of support groups for people with phobias on its website

Typically medications work best when combined with psychotherapy. Some drugs used to treat phobias include:

  • Beta-blockers like propranolol (Inderal) can be prescribed to dull the physical effects of anxiety before exposure to a trigger like public speaking . This is particularly useful in cases of social phobia
  • SSRI antidepressants , and other types of antidepressants, such as mirtazapine (Remeron), venlafaxine (Effexor), clomipramine (Anafranil), and imipramine (Tofranil) can be used in the treatment of agoraphobia
  • Benzodiazepine and anti-anxiety medications , such as clonazepam (Klonopin), diazepam (Valium), and lorazepam (Ativan) may also be administered to treat social anxiety (phobia) or agoraphobia. Do not drink alcohol while on these medications  

A Word From Verywell

Phobias become less powerful and more manageable with adequate treatment. Even if you have a phobia, through the right interventions, you can prevent it from taking over your life. The most distressing step is probably reaching out and seeking help, but remember that proper treatment with a professional can drastically improve outcomes.

Harvard Health Publishing. Phobia .

Boston Children's Hospital. Phobias Symptoms & Causes .

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Table 3.11, DSM-IV to DSM-5 Specific Phobia Comparison - Impact of the DSM-IV to DSM-5 Changes on the National Survey on Drug Use and Health . Rockville (MD): Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (US).

NCBI Bookshelf. Social Phobia .

MedlinePlus. Social anxiety disorder .

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Table 3.10, Panic Disorder and Agoraphobia Criteria Changes from DSM-IV to DSM-5. Rockville (MD): Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (US).

MedlinePlus. Phobias - simple/specific .

Anxiety and Depression Association of America. Support Groups .

By Michelle Pugle Michelle Pugle writes health articles for award-winning websites, as seen in Healthline, Verywell, Everyday Health, Psych Central, and Health.com. She has a Master's degree, undergraduate degrees in English and Sociology, a diploma in Holistic Herbal Therapy, and is trained in mental health first aid, anti-violence work, and peer support work.

90 Research Questions about Fear Essay Topics, & Examples

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  • Fear of Immigrants and People of Color in the US The enhancement of strict immigration laws was due to the transfer of immigrants out of Europe to foreigners from Africa, Asia, and Latin America.
  • Increasing Level of Fear of Crime and Its Cause Curiel and Bishop report that the rate of victimization, meaning the rate of actual crime taking place, is opposite to the rate of fear of crime.
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  • Gagging Prevalence and Its Association With Dental Fear in 4-12 Year Old Children The Gagging Assessment Scale (GAS) is a questionnaire in which children answered questions about their feelings during a regular dental procedure, for example, tooth brushing.
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Overcoming Fear of Failure

The first most important step is accepting the fact of having a fear and its influence on one’s life. Also, it’s crucial to understand that failure is not a bad thing. Overcoming fear can be challenging but taking this opportunity for growth is rewarding. It’s all about the mindset. But asking for someone’s help is totally normal.

Cybercrime and the Culture of Fear

Developing technology allows Internet users to get more fresh news from all over the world than ever before. People know about all the cybercrime happening nowadays. But cases are rarely solved because it’s so hard to track criminals online. This makes everyone scared to use online resources and the latest technology.

  • Can Fear Cause Economic Collapse?

Usually, a fear of something doesn’t make it come true. But in case of economy, Americans might scare themselves into recession. When people are in fear, they can act chaotic and unpredictable. Remember the national shortage of toilet paper during Covid-19 lockdown? And toilet paper isn’t even the most valuable item for survival.

Fear of Outsiders

The fear of outsiders is one of the most ancient psychological defense mechanisms. Humans used to stick in groups for safety and to build trust. Nowadays, this fear is called xenophobia. This fear of strangers causes a lot of prejudice, which divides people. It’s surprising how easy it is to start disliking members of other groups.

Fear and Human Nature

Fear is a part of our body, physically and mentally. When people are scared, special hormones are produced, no matter how big of a threat it is. The purpose of fear is to protect us. How useful is it in the modern world? Being in a non-stop “fight or flight” mode because of the school exams can’t be good.

  • Navigating Leadership Challenges: Insights from Erica Suzman’s Journey The particular case that Erica has to deal with is the case of Royal Collins, a fourth-grader who has problems in his family and often demonstrates misbehavior at school.
  • Psychological Science: Fear of Heights in Infants The article ‘Fear of Heights in Infants?’ by Adolph et al.shows that the conventional belief is a myth and provides an alternative explanation as to why infants avoid falling off the edge.
  • Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) and Social Media Usage The first hypothesis, for instance, is that the greater the number of social media platforms used regularly, the higher the level of FoMO a person will experience.
  • Overcoming Fear of Failure Consequently, this essay evaluates the roles of research practitioners on how fear of failure generates and the significance of their research in the websites.
  • The News Media Role in the Culture of Fear The reception of such news has the potential of eliciting fear among the public depending on one’s understanding or relation to the news spread by the media houses.
  • Psychology of Fear: Amanda Ripley Views Another important element associated with disbelief is lack of information among the victims and those responding to the disaster. The immediate decision to vacate a disaster prone-area is dangerous and lacks in terms of deliberate […]
  • Sociological Book “The Culture of Fear” by Barry Glassner The book “The Culture of Fear” presents many examples of the sources of fear in the United States. The peddlers of panic in the country inflate statistics to pursue their causes and goals.
  • Dissecting the American Society: Baltimore, Fear and the Fight for Life Despite the fact that the citizens of Baltimore are also partially responsible for the moral decomposition of the city, the society and the prejudices that it produces also seem to have had a hand in […]
  • “Freedom from Fear” by David M. Kennedy Whereas the latter omission may be judged bitterly by critiques of this book, it is interesting to note that the era of the Great Depression has been dramatically discussed by the author to the best […]
  • Critical Analyses of the Climate of Fear Report From Southern Poverty Law Center Following the murder of Marcelo Lucero in the Suffolk County, the federal government initiated an investigation to establish the foundations of the practice and pattern of hate crimes against the undocumented immigrants.
  • Fear and Trembling by Soren Kierkegaard: Passage Analysis To a great extent, this feeling belittles a human being, and in the long term, this emotion can only lead to the bitterness of the individual who is a subject of pity.
  • Fear Appeals in Advertising Fear appeals work when advertisers present a moderate amount of fear and a solution to the problem is present in the advertisement. A thorough elaboration of fear may interfere with the communication of the intended […]
  • Fear vs. Courage On the other hand, the goodies that ensue from being obedient form the basis of his courage to adhere to set rules and do the will of his authorities.
  • Summary of the Article “Should We Fear Derivatives?” It is necessary to become more attentive to the use of derivatives, to follow the development of derivatives, and to study the peculiarities of each derivative’s type in order to use them properly.
  • The Culture of Fear The culture of fear is not new: it continues to breed with the sustaining efforts of the opportunistic politicians seeking votes from the public by playing on people’s emotions through mass media.
  • Embracing the Entire Globe: Globalization Is not to Be Feared! Despite the fact that globalization is designed to reunite people, restoring their economical, political and personal links with one another, there are certain suspicions that the effect of globalization can possibly harm the ethnicity and […]
  • The Pianist: When the Mercy Comes Where Angels Fear to Trod Among them, there is the film called The Pianist, a winner of the Palme d’Or on the Cannes Festival and the movie that has raised a great stir among the audience, them regarding the film […]
  • Fear and Trembling in Las Vegas In the book “Fear and Trembling in Las Vegas”, the author takes his readers through their experience in the chase of the American Dream.
  • Machiavelli’s Claim to Be Either Feared or Loved In describing a leader’s demonstration of his personal skills and knowledge for the attainment of the state’s good, Machiavelli focuses the importance of statesmanship.
  • Aerophobia or Fear of Flying The main aim of the careful explanation of the positive reasons of recovering from the condition is to enable the victim to have a feeling of absolute calmness as the session winds up and to […]
  • Phil Barker: What Is Fear? According to the author, there is some form of fear that is understandable and advantageous to an individual while there is also some fear that accounts for conflicts that result in war.
  • Fear and intolerance of aging – “Love in the time of cholera” by Gabriel Marquez This passage was chosen because it carries with it one of the most dominant themes of the narrative which is the fear and intolerance of aging.
  • The Movie Tarnished as a Threat: Did They Fear Egoism, Altruism or What Hid in Between? Thus, it is reasonable to suggest that the movie gives a good example of what such people’s traits as egoism and altruism can lead to, once they have been too exaggerated.
  • The Fears Within: What Do You See in the Mirror? Without thinking much of what she should take with her, or where the trip would take her, Cassie had bought the tickets and soon was flying away to the islands where the world would be […]
  • Fear associated with sexuality issues in society This essay has shown how sexuality particularly in Africa is an issue that has for a long time served to propagate the fear of different people.
  • SARS: It’s as Bad as We Feared but Dared Not Say The cornerstone of the study is the article written by Jennifer Eagleton wherein she described not only the SARS outbreak in Hong Kong in 2003 but also the way the media dealt with the crisis […]

Hooks are a creative tool aimed at catching the attention of your readers. Including a few hooks in your essay can do wonders. Here are the best examples of the hooks for fear essays:

  • Topic: Fear of doctors: the effects of hospitalization on patients with phobia. Hook: Have you ever got that gut-twisting feeling when entering a hospital? This is how a fear of doctors can feel.
  • Topic: The level of fear in regard to the potential offender’s posture. Hook: I will forever remember that moment when my cortisol level spiked when I saw my offender pull out a knife. It was my fear that responded to a stranger acting suspiciously.
  • Topic: How does the fear of crime levels influence travelers’ decisions? Hook: The number of visas granted to the UK tourists has increased by almost one million in 2019 compared to the previous years, despite the rise of crime there.
  • Topic: Should humans start fearing the future with AI? Hook: “Success in creating AI would be the biggest event in human history. Unfortunately, it might also be the last unless we learn how to avoid the risks,” said Stephen Hawking.
  • How Far Did the CCP Control China Through Fear?
  • Does Fear Make Our Lives Decisions for Us?
  • How Does Iago Inspire Fear and a Looming Sense of Tragedy Through His Soliloquies?
  • Can Fear Beat Hope?
  • How Does the Reporting of Criminal Offenses Create Fear?
  • Does Global Fear Predict Fear in BRICS Stock Markets?
  • How Far Was Fear of Communism the Main Reason for the Rise to Power of the Nazi Party?
  • Did Hitler Use Fear to Control?
  • How Does Spielberg Create Fear and Humour Within Jaws?
  • Does Imagination Overcome Fear in the Fall of the House of Usher by Edgar Allan Poe?
  • How Does Fear Affect Personal Behavioral Development?
  • Does Fear Increase Search Effort in More Numerate People?
  • How Does Bram Stoker Use Gothic Conventions to Create an Atmosphere of Suspense and Fear for the Reader?
  • Does Monetary Policy Credibility Mitigate the Fear of Floating?
  • How Can Fear Arousal Be Used as a Method of Health Promotion?
  • Does More Unemployment Cause More Fear of Unemployment?
  • How Can One Overcome Fear of Public Speaking?
  • Does One Gender Incite Fear Over Another?
  • How Are Characters Affected by Fear in One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest?
  • Does Religiousness Buffer Against the Fear of Death and Dying in Late Adulthood?
  • How Does Culture Mold the Effects of Self-Efficacy and Fear of Failure on Entrepreneurship?
  • Does the Fear Gauge Predict Downside Risk More Accurately Than Econometric Models?
  • How Does Charles Dickens Build a Sense of Fear Throughout the Signalman?
  • Does the Media Affect People’s Fear of Crime?
  • How Does Fear Affect Our Society?
  • Why Do Males and Females Register Fear Differently?
  • How Can Fear Destroy an Individual?
  • Was the Cuban Missile Crisis the Result of Castro’s Fear of the U.S. Invasion?
  • How Does ‘Moral Panic’ Increase Our Fear of Crime?

Do you feel like you need extra inspiration to come up with a good topic? Here are the top 5 ideas of creative titles about fear:

  • The science of fear: why are people so attracted to haunted houses? Ghosts and abandoned houses are scary. Why do people like to attend them as attractions and theme parks? Discuss the psychology and biology of having fun and being scared.
  • Interpreting why a fear of sharks overpowers a fear of car accidents. The number of shark attacks on humans is statistically much lower than the chance of getting into a car accident. Compare these two fears.
  • Are we born with the fear of bugs and snakes? The survival mechanism that protects us from poisonous spiders and snakes might explain the fear of crawling things. But why don’t we see babies being scared of tarantulas?
  • Handling a fear of stage like a pro: what do scientists say about it? Redirecting your mind before a public speech might help reduce the symptoms of fear. You can write about evidence-based tips for people with stage fright.
  • Phobias and anxiety vs. fear: how is Halloween scare for fun different from actual mental disorders? People like to have fun on Hallowing. But anxiety and phobias are a real issue for others. You can discuss the differences in your paper.

Fear of Crime and Crime Rates

Fear of crime is a normal response to the increasing number of reported crimes. People tend to become more worried when crime rates go up. However, the fear of crime doesn’t go away when crime rates decrease. Some studies show that higher-income families aren’t so afraid of crime.

Anxiety about dying or the possibility of one’s relatives dying is more common than it seems. It’s a phobia that has a name – thanatophobia. This overwhelming feeling can even affect children. The good news is that death fear usually goes away or at least subsides with time.

Too many adults are scared of trying and failing. Unfortunately, the issue stems from parents putting pressure on their children. When people grow up thinking that every mistake they make will be punished, the fear of failure appears. Working with a therapist and healing that childhood trauma may help tremendously.

Defining Fear and Courage

Fear is a primal reaction to a possible threat. It has helped humans survive for millennia. On the other hand, courage is a conscious choice to stand up against fear. It doesn’t mean that courageous people aren’t scared. They put effort into overcoming their fears because they choose to move forward.

The Fear of Public Speaking

The feeling of anxiety before making a speech for a large group of people is called the fear of public speaking. Glossophobia is a term used for it. Even though it’s pretty common, the fear of public speaking is on the spectrum of anxiety disorder. Positive thinking can help elevate some worries during a public performance.

Looking for solid research topics regarding fear? Here’s a list of ideas for a thesis about fear:

  • The fear of dental procedures in children and adults and appropriate support to fight it. Many adults don’t grow out of their fear of dentists. What can the doctors change in the environment of dental offices to decrease children’s anxiety? Discuss some suggestions.
  • Negative influence of constantly elevated cortisol levels on women’s general health. Mental overload of household chores and workplace anxiety can cause women to have dangerous levels of fear hormones. How does it affect their health in general?
  • The effects of glucose on fear suppression. Some recent studies show that administration of glucose can help decrease fear response. You can analyze the studies and the data on them and write your conclusions.
  • The fear of childbirth and birth trauma: the effects of interventions in childbirth. The way women give birth has a tremendous impact on their mental and emotional well-being. Discuss how negative childbirth experience affects the fear of future childbirth.
  • How has COVID-19 affected the fear of making social contact in individuals with anxiety disorders? There are people with anxiety disorders who are still scared of getting sick with COVID-19. They avoid contact with others when possible. How has the pandemic influenced their well-being?

Here are several tips you can follow to choose the best title for your paper:

  • Pick a topic you like. Your time and effort are too precious to waste on something you hate. Moreover, if you enjoy the process of writing, your paper is more likely to turn out high quality.
  • Find relevant questions. The relevant topic will generally be better than the outdated one that has been researched and discussed way too many times.
  • Choose a narrow topic. A good strategy is to take your preferred area of research and find a specific topic within it.

Also, check out the list of ideas for fear titles:

  • Panic attack. The paralyzing feeling of fear can appear for no apparent reason. It’s a condition that needs a doctor’s attention.
  • Phobias. A constant fear of an object, person, or situation is called a phobia. There are countless types of phobias that can be researched.
  • Anxiety. Individuals with anxiety can experience fear more often than those without it.
  • Culture of fear. The term often refers to the use of fear to control people’s political or other choices.
  • Mental illness and fear. Sometimes, fear is a part of the bigger picture. A lot of mental disorders cause increased fear levels.

If you study psychology, you will probably have to write a fear essay at some point. This emotion is strong and can significantly affect any person, with effects potentially impairing their judgment and performance.

Fear can also result from various sources, such as phobias or trauma, and manifest in many different conditions, taking the person by surprise. A person may deal with fear in multiple ways, with the most well-known being courage.

This section will help you write a powerful essay on the various topics associated with fear.

What Is Fear?

Fear is an emotion triggered by a perceived threat as a response that prepares the person to address it appropriately. It is a reaction that helps people cope in the short term, but its effects can be dangerous when the person is constantly in a state of fear.

Examples include physical health deterioration due to the hormone production associated with the reaction and permanent mental health effects, such as PTSD.

People affected by chronic fear should try to avoid threats to their well-being. The first step is to discover and investigate the causes of the emotion.

Most chronic fear comes from various phobias or persistent fear reactions to situations that may not warrant such a response. There are numerous variations, such as acrophobia and the fear of heights, and they are interesting topics for investigation.

Between the many tall buildings designed by people and travel methods such as airplanes, a person with the condition may find it challenging to avoid stressful situations. However, they can generally avoid worrisome conditions with careful planning and the help of others.

Courage as a Remedy Against Fear

Courage is a well-known quality that helps people overcome fear. However, courage is not the absence of fear but rather a willingness to acknowledge it and confront the source.

The act involves a conscious effort of the will, and many people believe they do not have the capacity to do so. Your essay can discuss how people can learn to be courageous and the methods that can be used to inspire them to try.

Bonus Essay Tips

Here are some additional tips for enhancing your essay:

  • Focus on the positive implications of fear and courage as sources of many of humanity’s great successes.
  • Cite scholarly sources wherever appropriate instead of trying to rely on common knowledge. Psychology has developed considerably since its inception and can offer a wealth of knowledge.
  • Follow standard essay formatting guidelines, such as using academic language, separating different essay parts with appropriate subtitles, and proper structuring.

Get more fear essays and other useful paper samples at IvyPanda!

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IvyPanda. (2024, September 24). 90 Research Questions about Fear Essay Topics, & Examples. https://ivypanda.com/essays/topic/fear-essay-examples/

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5 Common Effects of Phobias on Your Emotions and Personality

Daniel B. Block, MD, is an award-winning, board-certified psychiatrist who operates a private practice in Pennsylvania.

phobia in english essay

Dave and Les Jacobs / Blend Images / Getty Images

A specific phobia is, by nature, triggered by a specific object, place or, situation.   Unlike generalized anxiety disorder, people with a specific phobia are not consumed by pervasive worry and fear. However, a phobia can have a very real impact on a person's daily functioning and quality of life.

Common Emotional Effects of Phobias

Here are five examples of the emotional effects some people experience as a result of their phobia.

Life-Limiting and Severe Anxiety

One of the main criteria for diagnosing a phobia is that it is life-limiting in nature.   Depending on what your phobia is, you might find it a real struggle to run errands, go out with friends, or even make it to work every day. In other words, a specific phobia can significantly impair your education, your career, and your overall quality of life. 

Limitations associated with phobias can make you experience social isolation. You may wonder why you are not like everybody else. This can affect your relationships with family and friends, which could contribute to you becoming reclusive and depressed.  

Embarrassment

Phobias can create awkward and embarrassing situations. For example, how do you explain to your best friend that you can never visit her home because they own a dog? How do you turn down a trip to the Bahamas with a new love because you can’t bring yourself to get on a plane?

Social phobia , now known as social anxiety disorder (SAD), can be especially difficult to manage because the underlying fear is of humiliation. Having a phobic reaction can make you feel embarrassed, which often only reinforces the persistent fear.

Feeling Out of Control

Perhaps one of the worst emotional components of a phobia is the out-of-control feeling.   You may understand that your phobia is irrational and/or excessive, but no matter how hard you try, you cannot get it under control.

You are not alone if you spend time thinking about what your life would be like if you could simply live daily without the dread of coming into contact with that specific object or situation. 

Helplessness

Helplessness may appear when you realize that your phobia has affected several or even all aspects of your life, like your job, social life, and general happiness. You may feel that there is nothing you can do to heal. You may assume that you will always have your phobia. You may wish things were different, but feel that they never will be.

Get Advice From The Verywell Mind Podcast

Hosted by Amy Morin, LCSW, this episode of The Verywell Mind Podcast shares how to face your fears in a healthy way.

Follow Now : Apple Podcasts / Spotify / Google Podcasts

A Word From Verywell

The good news is that if your phobia is causing any of these distressing thoughts or feelings, be reassured that you can get better with proper  treatment . Like any mental disorder, it is easy for a phobia to have an impact far beyond its basic symptoms. Treating the phobia will eventually help to reduce negative feelings like shame and helplessness.

That being said, while you are in treatment, you may find that some negative feelings remain. Be sure to tell your mental health professional. Further therapy, perhaps from a psychodynamic point of view, can help you to sort out your feelings and concerns.  

While you are undergoing treatment for a specific phobia, you may find that self-help methods such as stress-relieving tools and relaxation techniques can also help reduce your symptoms.

Anxiety and Depression Association of America. Specific Phobias .

Johns Hopkins Medicine. Phobias .

Han RT, Kim YB, Park EH, et al. Long-Term Isolation Elicits Depression and Anxiety-Related Behaviors by Reducing Oxytocin-Induced GABAergic Transmission in Central Amygdala . Front Mol Neurosci . 2018;11:246. doi:10.3389/fnmol.2018.00246

Leigh E, Clark DM. Understanding Social Anxiety Disorder in Adolescents and Improving Treatment Outcomes: Applying the Cognitive Model of Clark and Wells (1995) . Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev . 2018;21(3):388-414. doi:10.1007/s10567-018-0258-5

Anxiety Disorders Association of America. Specific Phobias .

The Social Anxiety Association. Social Anxiety: Symptoms and Treatment .

Leichsenring F, Salzer S, Beutel ME, et al. Psychodynamic therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy in social anxiety disorder: a multicenter randomized controlled trial . Am J Psychiatry . 2013;170(7):759-67. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.12081125

Association AP. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5®) . American Psychiatric Pub; 2013.

Ollendick TH, Raishevich N, Davis III TE, Sirbu, Öst L-G. Specific Phobia in Youth: Phenomenology and Psychological Characteristics . Behav Ther. 2010 Mar;41(1):133-41. doi:10.1016/j.beth.2009.02.002

By Lisa Fritscher Lisa Fritscher is a freelance writer and editor with a deep interest in phobias and other mental health topics.

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  • Lyness, D. (Ed.). (2013, May). Fears and Phobias (for Teens). Retrieved from https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/phobias.html
  • Nordqvist, C. (2017, December 20). Phobias: Symptoms, types, causes, and treatment. Retrieved from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/249347.php

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COMMENTS

  1. Fears And Phobias: [Essay Example], 859 words GradesFixer

    However, when fear becomes extreme and irrational, it can develop into a phobia, causing significant distress and impairment in daily life. This essay will explore the psychological and emotional impact of fears and phobias, examining the root causes, symptoms, and treatment options.

  2. Phobias: Symptoms, types, causes, and treatment

    A phobia is a type of anxiety disorder that causes an individual to experience extreme, irrational fear about a situation, living creature, place, or object.

  3. A Fear of Phobias: Understanding and Addressing Irrational ...

    This essay digs into what phobias are, their psychological roots, and how they can be treated. By looking into these areas, we can get a better handle on phobias and see why it's important to treat them with empathy and solid science.

  4. Phobia - Wikipedia

    A phobia is an anxiety disorder, defined by an irrational, unrealistic, persistent and excessive fear of an object or situation. [7] [8] [9] [1] Phobias typically result in a rapid onset of fear and are usually present for more than six months. [1]

  5. Writing About Fears and Phobias – All Write Alright

    You don’t need to do a lot of work to tie the characters phobias to their backstory, but you should at least consider the origin of these fears so you can make their reactions to them deeper and more meaningful. Fears are complex, however, and can arise for a number of reasons.

  6. 82 Phobia Essay Topic Ideas & Examples - IvyPanda

    Looking for a good essay, research or speech topic on Phobia? Check our list of 82 interesting Phobia title ideas to write about!

  7. Phobia: Definition, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

    A phobia is an excessive, persistent, and irrational fear of something, and is a type of anxiety disorder. It can be directed toward objects, places, activities, situations, animals, or people.

  8. 90 Research Questions about Fear Essay Topics, & Examples

    Phobias. Most chronic fear comes from various phobias or persistent fear reactions to situations that may not warrant such a response. There are numerous variations, such as acrophobia and the fear of heights, and they are interesting topics for investigation.

  9. 5 Effects of Phobias on Your Emotions and Personality

    5 Common Effects of Phobias on Your Emotions and Personality. A specific phobia is, by nature, triggered by a specific object, place or, situation. Unlike generalized anxiety disorder, people with a specific phobia are not consumed by pervasive worry and fear.

  10. Analytical Essay on Phobias: Symptoms, Types, Causes, and ...

    A phobia can be defined as an abnormal, intense, and irrational fear. This fear can be of a given situation, organism, or object. Dictionary website (2010) states that the word phobia comes from the Greek word that means fear. For every letter in the alphabet, there are phobias that start with the letters A to Z.