importance of forest essay in nepali language

Essay on Forest in Nepal [For school and college students]

Essay on Forest in Nepal is often asked at various levels of competitive exams in Nepal. The following essay on "Forest of Nepal" is a sample essay for school and college students. We will be uploading different versions of the essay over time.

[# Sample 1]: Forests in Nepal (270 words)

A vast stretch of land covered with trees is called a forest. They are priceless gifts of nature. The presence of different kinds of trees in the forests of Nepal adds to the beauty of Nepal. Due to diverse topography, the forests differ from one region to another. The trees we find in the Terai region are not found in the hills or the mountains. So the forest in Nepal can be divided into four groups. They are tropical forest, sub-tropical forest, temperate forest, and Alpine forest.

Firstly, forests hold their own importance in our country. It is said the green forest is the wealth of Nepal. The green forest does not only make Nepal beautiful but also plays a significant role in uplifting the economic status of the country. Many tourists come to Nepal to view and enjoy the enchanting forests, which means the tourist industry is flourishing.

Secondly, the utility of forests to our country is great. They prevent floods and check soil erosion. They help to bring rainfall. They give us timber, firewood, and fodder. They provide materials to many cottage industries that give employment to a large number of people.

Finally, the forests of Nepal are the storehouses of medicinal herbs and the homes of different species of animals and birds. But unfortunately, forests are being destroyed for human settlements as a result of the growth in the population. So today’s urgency is to stop forest destruction. We must preserve our forest for us and for our future generations. Population growth has to be controlled and people must be made aware of the importance of forests.

[# Sample 2]: Forests in Nepal (258 words)

The area covered with green plants, trees, herbs, bushes, flora, and fauna is called a forest. Forests vary according to locality and climate. Only in Nepal are mountainous forests, hilly forests, and very dense forests in the Terai found.

There are many advantages to having forests. We get firewood, timber, herbs, etc. from there. We buy firewood for cooking, use wood for furniture and building materials, and use herbs as medicines to treat people suffering from minor to fatal diseases. Forests bring rain. They control floods. They provide us with oxygen to survive. They control soil erosion. They keep wild animals safe to maintain the ecosystem. We graze our cattle there to get medicinal milk. It attracts visitors. They enjoy its greenery. We earn money from them. It keeps the environment safe.

There are some disadvantages, too. Many wild animals attack visitors in the jungle. They occasionally emerge from the jungles and attack nearby villages, killing our domesticated animals and us. They occupy that area, which can be used for planting crops to feed hungry people. The agricultural growth rate of our country will increase if we cultivate that land. Despite some disadvantages, we feel that forests have many advantages. So our government should control deforestation since jungles are decreasing day by day.

Forests should not be cut down to build a dam or reservoir. Those who misuse forests must be lawfully punished. The government should ban people from entering the jungle illegally so that it can be safe not only for us but also for future generations.

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Essay on the importance of forests : nepali educate.

M an has been cutting down forests indiscriminately and today the trend is not only to save natural forests but to create artificial ones. Deserts are made to bloom! The Imperial Valley of the Sonoran Desert in southern California has been converted into a green patch which yields crops all the year round. Forests are not to be considered merely as a direct source of wealth; they are to be considered in relation to the national economy and geography.

Forests serve many purposes. They hold together the soil and prevent or minimize soil erosion. The oxygen in the air is replenished by forests and plankton in the sea. Trees and plants, during photosynthesis, absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen. Scientists fear that if forests are destroyed indiscriminately, there will be an increase in carbon dioxide and eventually the sun's rays will become hotter, the polar caps will melt and the ocean level rise and submerge much of our land. Vegetable mound that forests supply increases the fertility of the soil. Forests influence climate. The roots suck up sub-soil water and it is expelled as moisture by foliage. Forests provide sanctuary for animals and birds. It is too he remembered that the rich and varied wild life vanishes in proportion to the forest we destroy.

Industries like paper, rayon. strawboards, matches, insulation boards and wood-panel products are dependent on forests. Indian forests are said to yield 2,500 species of wood, about 18% of which are commercially valuable. Forests are a source of essential oil and medicinal herbs. The lignin and cellulose found in wood are chemically treated to produce valuable drugs like sulfonamide and chloroform. Spruce and fir are used for making airplane and glider parts. Ash and mulberry woods are used for making many sports goods.

Governments all over the world have taken steps to conserve forests: President Franklin Roosevelt of the USA, alarmed by the massive destruction of forests by man, created a conservation corps of two million men to plant trees, dig lakes and build forest roads and in the course of ten years saved the country's forests. Today the trend is not only to save the existing forests but to create artificial ones. Israel is the classic example of a country where a desert has been converted into a garden. The success of this experiment shows that land can be reclaimed and thus increase the food supply of the world. It stands to Israel's credit that within twenty-five years it has doubled the area of its arable land. 

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Essay on Forest in Nepal

Nepal, a country nestled in the heart of the Himalayas, boasts an incredible diversity of landscapes, and its forests stand as vital contributors to this natural richness. The lush greenery of Nepalese forests not only paints a picturesque canvas but also plays a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance.

Covering about 39% of the country’s total land area, Nepal’s forests are home to a myriad of flora and fauna. From the towering rhododendron trees in the higher altitudes to the dense sal forests in the lowlands, the variety is astounding. These ecosystems support a diverse range of wildlife, including the elusive Bengal tiger, red panda, and numerous species of deer and birds.

The significance of Nepalese forests extends beyond their aesthetic appeal and biodiversity. They serve as a source of livelihood for many local communities, providing timber, non-timber forest products, and essential ecosystem services. The forests also contribute to the nation’s economy through tourism, as visitors are drawn to the natural beauty and wildlife that these areas offer.

However, Nepal’s forests face various challenges, including deforestation, illegal logging, and habitat fragmentation. Population pressure, coupled with the demand for land and resources, poses a threat to these ecosystems. Sustainable forest management practices and community involvement in conservation efforts are essential to ensure the longevity of Nepal’s forests.

In recent years, the Nepalese government has taken steps to address these challenges. Community-based conservation initiatives, afforestation programs, and strict anti-poaching measures are being implemented to safeguard the country’s natural heritage. Additionally, international collaborations and awareness campaigns are contributing to the global understanding of the importance of preserving Nepal’s forests.

The conservation of Nepal’s forests is not just a local concern but a global imperative. These ecosystems play a crucial role in mitigating climate change by sequestering carbon dioxide and regulating regional weather patterns. As the world grapples with environmental issues, the preservation of Nepal’s forests stands as a testament to the interconnectedness of ecosystems and the need for collective efforts to protect our planet.

In conclusion, Nepal’s forests are not merely a backdrop to its stunning landscapes but are intricate components of its identity and survival. The country’s commitment to conservation, coupled with international support, is essential in ensuring that future generations can continue to marvel at the beauty and biodiversity of Nepal’s forests.

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What is the percentage of Nepal’s land covered by forests, and why are these forests important?

Answer: Approximately 39% of Nepal’s total land area is covered by forests. These forests are essential for biodiversity, providing habitat for diverse flora and fauna, supporting local livelihoods, and contributing to the nation’s economy through tourism and natural resource utilization.

How is the Nepalese government addressing the challenges faced by its forests?

Answer: The Nepalese government is implementing various measures to tackle challenges such as deforestation and illegal logging. Initiatives include community-based conservation programs, afforestation projects, and stringent anti-poaching measures. These efforts aim to ensure sustainable forest management and active community participation in conservation activities.

What role do Nepal’s forests play in global environmental concerns, particularly regarding climate change?

Answer: Nepal’s forests play a crucial role in mitigating climate change. They act as carbon sinks, sequestering carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Additionally, these forests contribute to regulating regional weather patterns. The conservation of Nepal’s forests is not only important for the country but also holds global significance in addressing environmental challenges.

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Wednesday, March 19, 2014

• Essay on The Forest of Nepal.

             Nepal is rich in natural beauties, gifts, resources and wonders. The forest is one of these resources. Nepal is also a mountainous country. Most of the mountains are covered with green forests. It is the living place of animals and birds. Nowadays, it is fast being destroyed but it was completely safe in the past.              People clear the forest for various purposes. One of the most important causes of its destruction is rapid population growth. The growing population is compelled to clear the jungle for agriculture and settlement. People cut down the trees for firewood, building materials and furniture. The cattle glaziers take their domestic animals to the jungle to graze. These domestic animals eat up the newly growing plants. By the result, the new plants cannot grow up easily. The silly people set a fire in the jungle. By the result, the wild fire destroys the whole jungle very badly. The main cause of its destruction is poor public awareness. The people who are not aptly conscious and responsible cannot understand the importance and necessity of the forests.               Forest destruction invites many disasters. Some to them are drought, landslides, soil erosion, over floods, salutation of rivers and lakes, weather extremes, pollution, green-house effect, ozone layer depletion and desertification. The natural disasters as such are extremely destructive for all the living creatures. If the process of destruction of the forest is not controlled, the future will be extremely risky.     We can get many advantages from the jungle. We can preserve wild animals in the jungle. We can get firewood, timber, herbs, grass, etc, from the jungle. It helps us to purify the atmosphere and to reduce the gravity of air pollution. Underground water resources can be saved in the forest. It also helps us to balance eco-system. The problems of drought, weather extremes, landslides, etc. can be alleviated or stopped by the help of the forest. Similarly, the forest of our country attracts many tourists. We can earn foreign currency from them. The natural beauty cannot be preserved without the preservation of the forest.              Preservation of the forest proves to be crucial. In order to control the natural disasters, we have to preserve the jungle. We can preserve the forest in many ways. Firstly, we have to educate the people about the importance of the forest. By means of a forestation and reforestation, we can preserve it. The people who clear the jungle for agriculture and settlement should be discouraged to go to the jungle. By establishing many wild life reserves and national parks, we can preserve our forest. Selling of firewood and timber must be banned to preserve it .              Our forest should be preserved at any cost. The government as well s private sectors are expected to make and apply concrete plans to preserve it. It is said that preservation of the forests is our own preservation.

35 comments:

good thought

its is really good essay bcz many people of india and nepal they cut trees and sell trees to fullfill their livehood

Dami xa.......nice cha......good reixa.....welcome

Wow so niceeeeeeeee

यो पो हो त essay bhaneko

This is called the essay

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Wow awesome.Essay should be like this.great

You are right forest gives us many things we should learn to plant a tree before cutting one

please another essay for 'visits Nepal 2020'

This is called a eassy

As the different views of people,they like the most which they clearly know and their views show

god thoughts about preserving foresrt. it is good for all the living beings.

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nice essay🤝💗

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Essay on Natural Resources in Nepal: An Overview

Introduction to Natural Resources in Nepal

Nepal is a land-locked country situated in the Himalayas between India and Tibet. The country is known for its stunning natural beauty, with majestic mountain ranges, pristine forests, and rolling hills. Natural resources are an integral part of the economy and culture of Nepal, providing both livelihoods and recreational opportunities for its citizens. From forests and water to minerals and wildlife, Nepal is blessed with a rich abundance of resources that have the potential to contribute significantly to its development.

Table of Contents

In this essay, we will take a closer look at the natural resources in Nepal, including their types, distribution, and importance. We will also examine the challenges that Nepal faces in managing these resources effectively and the efforts being made to conserve them. This essay aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the natural resources in Nepal and their role in the country’s economy and environment.

Importance of Natural Resources for Nepal’s Economy

Nepal is a country that is rich in natural resources, including water, forests, minerals, and fertile land. These resources are vital to the economic development of the country and play a crucial role in the lives of millions of people. In this article, we will discuss the importance of natural resources for Nepal’s economy.

Forests and Natural Beauty: Nepal is home to a diverse range of forest types and vegetation, making it a popular tourist destination. The country’s forests provide vital ecosystem services, including watershed protection, carbon sequestration, and habitat for wildlife. In addition, the natural beauty of the forests is a major draw for tourists, generating significant revenue for the country.

Agriculture : Agriculture is the backbone of Nepal’s economy and a significant source of livelihood for millions of people. The country’s fertile land, abundant water resources, and favorable climate conditions make it ideal for agriculture. Agriculture contributes to the country’s GDP, providing food, fiber, and other essential products.

Hydropower: Nepal is known for its abundant water resources and has the potential to generate substantial amounts of hydropower. Hydropower is a clean and renewable source of energy that can contribute to economic growth and reduce dependence on imported fuels. The development of hydropower projects has the potential to create jobs, attract investment, and improve energy security.

Minerals: Nepal is rich in minerals, including iron ore, coal, limestone, and other minerals. The exploitation of these minerals can provide a significant boost to the country’s economy, creating jobs, increasing government revenue, and attracting investment. However, it is important to ensure that mining activities are carried out in an environmentally sustainable manner.

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In conclusion, natural resources play a crucial role in Nepal’s economy. The country’s forests, fertile land, water resources, and minerals provide vital ecosystem services and support the livelihoods of millions of people. By leveraging these resources, the country has the potential to achieve sustainable economic growth and improve the quality of life for its citizens.

Types of Natural Resources in Nepal

Water Resources: Nepal is known for its abundant water resources with numerous rivers, lakes and glaciers. Some of the major rivers in Nepal include the Ganges, Indus, and Brahmaputra, which are crucial for agriculture, fishing, and hydropower generation.

Forest Resources: Forests cover about 30% of the total land area of Nepal and provide a wide range of benefits to the country, including fuelwood, timber, medicinal plants, and wildlife habitat.

Mineral Resources: Nepal is rich in minerals such as limestone, iron ore, coal, magnesium, and gold. These resources are essential for the construction, manufacturing, and energy industries.

Agricultural Resources: Nepal is a predominantly agricultural country, with over 80% of its population relying on agriculture for their livelihood. Rice, wheat, maize, and millet are some of the major crops grown in the country.

Wildlife Resources: Nepal is home to a diverse range of wildlife species, including tigers, rhinos, elephants, and monkeys. These resources are crucial for ecotourism, which provides a significant source of income for local communities.

Hydro Power Resources: Nepal has significant potential for hydropower generation, with numerous rivers and streams flowing through the country. This renewable energy source provides a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels and is an important contributor to the country’s economy.

Cultural and Heritage Resources: Nepal is famous for its rich cultural and heritage resources, including monuments, temples, and palaces. These resources are valuable for tourism and play an important role in preserving the country’s cultural identity.

Challenges faced by Nepal in Managing its Natural Resources

Nepal is a landlocked country in South Asia, rich in diverse and abundant natural resources. However, despite having a plethora of natural resources, Nepal faces numerous challenges in managing them effectively. Some of the major challenges faced by Nepal in managing its natural resources are discussed below.

• Limited Awareness: Nepal has a large rural population, where most people are illiterate and lack awareness about the importance of natural resources. This leads to over-exploitation and destruction of natural resources, which affects the country’s overall development.
• Lack of Government Support: The government of Nepal lacks adequate financial and technical resources to effectively manage natural resources. There is also a lack of political will to implement conservation and sustainable management programs, which results in the mismanagement of natural resources.
• Corruption: Corruption is a major challenge in Nepal, and this also extends to the management of natural resources. Lack of transparency in the allocation and management of resources often leads to their exploitation and destruction, leading to an imbalance in the ecosystem.
• Unplanned Development: Unplanned development activities such as deforestation, illegal logging, mining, and other commercial activities often cause severe damage to the environment and natural resources. This results in degradation of the environment, reducing the capacity of natural resources to provide benefits to the local communities.
• Climate Change: Climate change is a major challenge to the management of natural resources in Nepal. Changes in the pattern of rainfall and temperature affect agriculture, forestry, water resources, and other ecosystem services, which impacts the livelihoods of local communities.
• Geographical Challenges: Nepal’s mountainous geography poses a significant challenge to the management of natural resources. The country’s inaccessible terrain makes it difficult for the government to monitor and enforce conservation and sustainable management programs.

In conclusion, Nepal faces numerous challenges in managing its natural resources, but with effective government support, increased awareness, and the implementation of sustainable management programs, these challenges can be overcome. Effective natural resource management is crucial for the country’s overall development and the well-being of its people.

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Role of Government in Preserving Natural Resources in Nepal

The government of Nepal plays a crucial role in preserving the country’s natural resources, which are essential for the sustainable development and well-being of its people. Natural resources in Nepal include forests, water, minerals, and wildlife, among others. These resources provide numerous benefits, such as providing livelihoods, maintaining ecological balance, and conserving biodiversity.

Forests : Forests cover approximately 37% of Nepal’s land area and are crucial for maintaining the country’s ecological balance. The government has implemented various measures to protect forests and prevent deforestation. For example, the Forest Act of 1993 prohibits the unauthorized felling of trees, and the government has established protected areas, such as national parks and wildlife reserves, to conserve wildlife and forests. Additionally, the government has launched programs to promote sustainable forest management, such as community forestry, where local communities are involved in the management and conservation of forests.

Water: Nepal has abundant water resources, including rivers, lakes, and glaciers, which are essential for agriculture, industry, and drinking water. The government has implemented various measures to conserve and manage water resources, such as the Water Resource Act of 1992 and the National Water Plan of 1992. These laws and policies aim to ensure equitable access to water and prevent water pollution.

Minerals: Nepal has rich deposits of minerals, such as limestone, quartz, and iron ore, which are essential for various industries, including construction, manufacturing, and energy. The government has implemented various measures to manage mineral resources, such as the Mines and Minerals Act of 1992, which regulates the exploration, exploitation, and conservation of minerals. Additionally, the government has established the Department of Mines and Geology to oversee the management of mineral resources and ensure sustainable and responsible mining practices.

Wildlife: Nepal is home to a rich diversity of wildlife, including rare and endangered species, such as the Bengal tiger and the one-horned rhinoceros. The government has established various protected areas, such as national parks and wildlife reserves, to conserve wildlife and prevent illegal hunting and poaching. Additionally, the government has launched programs to conserve wildlife, such as ecotourism, which generates income for local communities and supports conservation efforts.

In conclusion, the government of Nepal plays a critical role in preserving the country’s natural resources, which are essential for the sustainable development and well-being of its people. The government has implemented various measures, such as laws and policies, protected areas, and programs to promote sustainable management and conservation of natural resources. The government’s role in preserving natural resources is crucial for ensuring their long-term sustainability and the well-being of future generations.

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Community-Based Natural Resource Management in Nepal

Community-based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM) is a critical approach to the sustainable management of natural resources in Nepal. This method of resource management is based on the principle of empowering local communities to participate in the management and decision-making process of the natural resources that affect their lives. The aim of CBNRM is to balance the interests of the local communities, governments, and businesses to ensure that the resources are used for the benefit of all stakeholders.

In Nepal, CBNRM has been implemented in various forms to conserve and manage the country’s vast natural resources, including forests, wildlife, water resources, and land. CBNRM is based on the idea of decentralizing the management of natural resources to the local communities. This approach has been successful in conserving and sustaining the resources while promoting the economic development of the communities.

The government of Nepal has been promoting CBNRM as a means of achieving sustainable development. The government has established various laws, policies, and institutions to support the implementation of CBNRM. For example, the Forest Act 1993 and the Community Forest Management Regulation of 1995 provide the legal framework for the management of community forests.

In addition, the government has established the Community-based Natural Resource Management Program (CBNRMP) to provide technical and financial support to communities in their efforts to manage natural resources. The program has been successful in creating a collaborative relationship between the communities, the government, and the private sector to conserve and manage the resources.

The success of CBNRM in Nepal is evident from the increase in the number of community-based organizations (CBOs) that are engaged in the management of natural resources. CBOs have been established in various regions of the country, and they play a critical role in the management of resources, including the protection of forests, wildlife, and water resources.

In conclusion, CBNRM is a critical approach to the sustainable management of natural resources in Nepal. The government, local communities, and the private sector must work together to ensure the successful implementation of CBNRM. This will ensure that the resources are used for the benefit of all stakeholders, including the preservation of the environment and the promotion of economic development.

Opportunities for Sustainable Development through Natural Resources in Nepal

Nepal is a country rich in natural resources and has the potential to become a leader in sustainable development. From forests to mineral resources, water resources to wildlife, Nepal has the potential to provide a high quality of life to its citizens while also preserving the environment for future generations.

One of the most significant opportunities for sustainable development in Nepal is the exploitation of its forests. With over 60% of its land area covered by forests, Nepal is one of the most forested countries in the world. These forests provide a vital source of livelihood for millions of people and are also a critical carbon sink. By promoting sustainable forestry practices and utilizing forest products, Nepal can protect its forests while also generating income and creating jobs.

Another opportunity for sustainable development in Nepal is the utilization of its abundant water resources. With numerous rivers and lakes, Nepal has the potential to become a leader in hydroelectric power production. This not only provides a clean and renewable source of energy, but also creates jobs and drives economic growth.

Mineral resources, such as iron, copper, gold and mica, are also abundant in Nepal. The development of these resources can provide a significant boost to the economy and provide employment opportunities. However, it is important to ensure that this development is sustainable and does not harm the environment.

Nepal’s wildlife is also a major opportunity for sustainable development. With a wide range of flora and fauna, Nepal is home to many species that are found nowhere else in the world. By promoting sustainable wildlife tourism, Nepal can protect its unique wildlife while also generating income.

In conclusion, Nepal has numerous opportunities for sustainable development through the use of its natural resources. From forests to water resources to mineral resources, Nepal has the potential to provide a high quality of life for its citizens while also preserving the environment for future generations. By promoting sustainable practices and utilizing these resources wisely, Nepal can become a leader in sustainable development.

Conclusion and Recommendations for Sustainable Use of Natural Resources in Nepal.

In conclusion, Nepal is a country rich in natural resources, including forests, water resources, minerals, and wildlife. The sustainable use of these resources is crucial for the long-term economic and ecological health of the country. However, the current methods of resource extraction and use are unsustainable, and have led to environmental degradation, loss of biodiversity, and increased poverty.

To ensure the sustainable use of natural resources in Nepal, the following recommendations should be implemented:

• Development of sustainable resource management policies: Nepal should establish and enforce policies that promote sustainable resource management practices, including limiting over-extraction, reducing waste, and promoting efficient use.
• Promotion of eco-friendly technologies: Encouraging the use of environmentally friendly technologies and practices can help reduce the impact of resource extraction and use on the environment.
• Community involvement: Engaging local communities in the management and protection of natural resources can help ensure that resources are used sustainably, and that the benefits of resource use are shared fairly.
• Education and awareness: Raising awareness about the importance of sustainable resource use among the general public is crucial to ensure that people understand the impact of their actions on the environment.
• Investment in renewable energy: Investing in renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power can help reduce the dependence on non-renewable resources, while promoting sustainable development.

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In conclusion, the sustainable use of natural resources is essential for the long-term prosperity and well-being of Nepal and its people. By implementing these recommendations, Nepal can ensure that its rich natural resources are used in a responsible and sustainable manner, for the benefit of present and future generations.

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Importance of Forrest Essay for Students and Children

500+ words essay on importance of forest.

Forests provide the house for many living beings. Thus, it is one of the precious resources provided by nature to human beings. Also, the organisms that live in Forrests are independent of each other. Life in Forrest is run by various factors like air, water, and sunlight. Also, there are a variety of plants that are available in Forests. Besides this, various trees , herbs, and shrubs depend on the climate of the forests. Also, there are plants that rely on animals for processes like seed dispersal and pollination. The importance of Forrest essay provides a guide into the functions of forests and why it is important to preserve them. 

There are many forests that are spread across large areas across the globe. Forests further are classified into evergreen, partly evergreen, tropical, dry, and deciduous forests. Also, these forests are based on the climatic conditions and the type of trees present in the forest. Also, Forrest compromises of the non-living components like lakes, soil , rocks, ponds, etc.

F orests are a resource to humankind that just keeps on giving. Forrest is a great help to mankind and there are benefits of forests. The benefits of the forest should be understood and proper care should be taken. So, some of the points that help in understanding the importance of forests are below.

Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas

Benefits of Forests

Forests help in maintaining the oxygen and temperature levels of the atmosphere. Plants during photosynthesis release oxygen whereas it consumes carbon dioxide. This is the complete phenomenon that humans do. Also, forests are a huge reserve of trees and plants. Thus, they help by playing a significant role in balancing the oxygen level of the entire atmosphere. 

Furthermore, forests help in maintaining the oxygen cycle on the planet Earth. The water through the soils is absorbed by plants through their roots. Thus, the release of excessive water by the plant into the atmosphere in the form of water vapor is called the transpiration process.

So, in this process water vapor from the ocean rises and gets condensed in the formation of clouds is called precipitation. Thus, it eventually leads to the formation of rainfall. So, all these processes come together to form the water cycle where the forest plays a significant role. 

Forests also help in preventing the global warming levels of the Earth. The increase in the amount of carbon dioxide which is a greenhouse gas into the atmosphere results in the greenhouse effect on Earth. Thus, it is majorly responsible for causing global warming on Earth. 

Additionally, forests prevent soil erosion on Earth. There are trees that are present in the forests that bind the soil strongly from the roots. Thus, this results in soil being prevented from erosion. 

FAQs on Forest

Q. How do forests reduce soil erosion?

A.  There are trees that are present in the forests that bind the soil strongly from the roots. Thus, this results in soil being prevented from erosion. 

Q. In how types are forests classified into?

A.  Forests are classified into evergreen, partly evergreen, tropical, dry, and deciduous forests.

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नेपालमा पर्यटनको बारेमा निबन्ध | Tourism in Nepal Essay in Nepali |

 निबन्ध १

नेपालमा पर्यटन को बारेमा निबन्ध 150 शब्दमा

वर्षौंको दौडान पर्यटन फस्टाउन उद्योगको रूपमा विकसित भएको छ। सिंगापुर, क्यारिबियन, जापान, हंगकंग (अहिले चीनको अधीनमा), थाइल्याण्ड र यहाँसम्म कि मलेसिया जस्ता साना देशहरूले पनि पर्यटकहरूको आयको साथ ठूलो प्रगति गरेका छन्।

नेपालमा सरकार र जनतामा पर्यटनबाट हुने आय त्यस्ता देशहरूको तुलनामा आंशिक मात्र हुन्छ। यसका लागि धेरै कारणहरू हुन सक्छन्।

प्रभावकारी र ठोस कदम चालेमा नेपालको पर्यटन एक व्यावहारिक उद्योग बन्न सक्छ। सबै अवरोध र उत्पीडन जुन पर्यटकहरूलाई डराउँदछन् हटाउनु पर्छ। पर्यटन मामिलाको केन्द्रमा रहेका व्यक्तिहरू जस्तै पर्यटन मन्त्रालयका अधिकारीहरू, एम्पोरियम-होटेलियर्सका मालिकहरू आदिलाई शिष्टाचारि हुनुपर्दछ र पर्यटकहरूलाई दिइनु पर्ने आदर्श व्यवहारको ज्ञान पनि हुनुपर्दछ।

नेपाल पर्यटकहरु को लागी असंख्य आकर्षण छ। देशभरि धेरै सुन्दरता र दर्शनीय ठाउँहरू छन्। ठूला शहरहरूमा धेरै राम्रा होटलहरू छन् र त्यहाँ राजमार्गमा टुरिष्ट कम्प्लेक्सहरू छन्। त्यहाँ धेरै स्थानहरू छन् जहाँ पर्यटकहरूले साहसिक खेलहरूको मज्जा लिन सक्छन्। नेपालमा यति धेरै प्राचीन मन्दिरहरू, मस्जिदहरू, किल्लाहरू र अन्य ऐतिहासिक स्थानहरू छन् जुन विभिन्न देशका पर्यटकहरू हेर्न जान चाहन्छन्।

हाम्रो दूतावासहरूले सबै महत्त्वपूर्ण चीजहरू मानिस र सरकारहरूलाई अन्य देशहरूको वस्तुहरू र स्थानहरूका बारे आपूर्ति गर्नुपर्दछ जुन पर्यटकहरूलाई आकर्षित गर्न सक्दछन्। पर्यटकको आगमन र नेपालमा बस्न सकेसम्म सजिलो, पहुँचयोग्य र बढी सजिलो भएको हुनुपर्दछ।

निबन्ध २

नेपालमा पर्यटन को बारेमा निबन्ध 200 शब्दमा

पर्यटन संसारको एक ठूलो उद्योग को रूप मा उदाएको छ। विगत दुई दशकको अवधिमा द्रुत गतिमा विकास भइरहेको यस संस्थाले आज विश्वको उत्पादनको प्रतिशत भन्दा बढी हिस्सा ओगटेको छ र विश्वव्यापी रूपमा करीव १५० करोड मानिसहरूलाई रोजगार दिन्छ। दोस्रो विश्वयुद्धको अन्त्य देखि, यो विशाल राजस्व र वृद्धि सम्भावित विकास र आज एक अद्वितीय प्राकृतिक नवीकरणीय स्रोत उद्योग को रूप मा खडा छ।

पर्यटन — यात्रामा आधारित मनोरन्जनले मानिसहरूलाई परिवर्तन गर्ने ठाउँहरू र दैनिक जीवनको एकलताबाट विश्राम प्रदान गर्दछ। यसले विभिन्न राष्ट्रका मानिसहरूलाई एक साथ ल्याउँदछ, तिनीहरूलाई एक अर्काको परम्परा र जीवनको अन्य पक्षहरूको नजिकको सम्पर्कमा आउन अनुमति दिदै। यसले सुन्दर देशको प्राकृतिक सौन्दर्य र विगतका सम्पदालाई अन्य देशहरूका लागि देखाउँदछ। प्रक्रियामा प्राप्त ज्ञान र अनुभवले अझ बढी समझ र सहिष्णुता निम्त्याउन सक्छ र विश्व शान्तिको प्रवर्धन पनि गर्न सक्दछ।

पर्यटन सामाजिक, सांस्कृतिक वा वातावरणीय अवरोध पैदा गर्न सक्छ। सबैभन्दा ठूलो चिन्ता भनेको वातावरणलाई हुने क्षतिको हो। अधिक पर्यटकहरूलाई आकर्षित गर्न, विशाल रिसोर्टहरू निर्माण गरिन्छन् जुन स्थानीय आर्किटेक्चरल शैली वा ईकोलजीलाई ध्यानमा राख्दैनन्। अन्धाधुन्ध निर्माण र पर्यटकलाई पानी र फोहोर मैला सुविधा र मनोरञ्जनात्मक व्यवस्था प्रदान गर्ने प्रयासको परिणामस्वरुप प्राकृतिक प्रणालीहरु नष्ट हुनेछन्। वातावरणीय स्रोतहरूको अत्यधिक प्रयोगले पारिस्थितिक सन्तुलनलाई बाधा पुर्‍याउँछ।

सुरक्षित पर्यटन प्रवर्द्धन गर्न यो एक लाभदायक उद्योग नै रहेको सुनिश्चित गर्दै पर्यटनको बृद्धिमा अवरोध पैदा गर्ने कारकहरू बुझ्नु र प्रभावकारिता बुझ्नु आवश्यक छ।

निबन्ध ३

नेपालमा पर्यटन को बारेमा निबन्ध 250 शब्दमा

पर्यटनको अर्थ आनन्द, मनोरंजन, दृश्यावलोकन इत्यादिको लागि भ्रमण गर्नु भन्ने हो । संस्कृति, कला, ऐतिहासिक एवम्, धार्मिक स्थलहरू पनि पर्यटकहरूलाई आकर्षित गर्दछन् । नेपालका हिममंडित शिखहरू, हिमनदी, नदी, गुफा, ताल, मन्दिर, स्तूप, प्राकृतिक वनस्पति तथा जनावरहरूको कारण पर्यटकहरूका लागि यो स्वर्ग हो ।

पर्यटन दुई प्रकारका हुन्छन् - एक आन्तरिक पर्यटन र दोस्रो अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय पर्यटन । जब कुनै नेपाली देशको एक भागबाट अर्को भागको भ्रमण गर्छ भने त्यो आन्तरिक पर्यटन हो । अन्य देशको भ्रमणलाई अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय पर्यटन भनिन्छ ।

नेपालमा पर्यटनको ठूलो महत्त्व हुन्छ । यो कैयन् विधिबाट उपयोगी हुन्छ । सर्वप्रथम यो विदेशी मुद्राको एउटा मुख्य स्रोत हो । हाम्रो देशले पर्यटकहरूबाट होटल , रेस्टुराँ ट्रेवल एजेन्सी , ट्रेकिंग एजेन्सीहरू इत्यादिको माध्यमद्वारा रुपियाँ आर्जन गर्छ । दोस्रो कुरा , हामी पर्यटकहरूको संस्कृतिका राम्रा राम्रा कुराहरू ग्रहण गर्दछौं र हाम्रो संस्कृति पर्यटकहरूका साथ अन्य देशहरूमा जान्छ । यस प्रकार संस्कृतिको आदान - प्रदान हुन्छ । त्यस्तै पर्यटकहरू हाम्रो सामाजिक प्रथा, शिष्टाचार र रहन - सहनसँग परिचित हुन्छन् । तेस्रो कुरा, पर्यटनसँग सम्बन्धित उद्योगहरू विकसित हुन्छन् । पर्यटकहरूका लागि स्तरीय होटेल, रेस्टुराँ इत्यादिको स्थापना हुन्छ । चौथो कुरा, हाम्रो हस्तकलाबाट मुग्ध भई उनीहरू किन्छन् । माग देखेर यस्ता सुन्दर वस्तुहरूको उत्पादन अत्यधिक परिमाणमा हुन्छ । पाँचौ कुरा, पर्यटनले अन्य देशहरूका साथ राम्रो सम्बन्धको स्थापना गर्दछ ।

नेपालमा पर्यटन वि.सं. २००८ सालदेखि प्रारम्भ भएको हो , जब नेपाल अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय पर्यटन संघको सदस्य भयो । वि.सं .२०१४ मा २,०५६ पर्यकटहरू नेपाल आए । त्यसपछि पर्यटकको संख्या बढीरहेको छ । वि.सं. २०४८ सम्म २ ९, २ ९ ५ पर्यटक नेपालमा आए । सन् १ ९९ ८ मा समस्त ' नेपालमा नेपाल भ्रमण वर्ष १ ९९ ८ ' नामक उत्सव मनाइयो । अनेकौं समस्याहरूको बावजूद पनि नेपाल पर्यटनमा प्रगति गरिरहेको छ ।

निबन्ध ४

नेपालमा पर्यटन को बारेमा निबन्ध 300 शब्दमा

देशका विभिन्न स्थानहरूमा र विदेशमा विशेष लक्षहरू र दृष्टिकोणका साथ यात्रा र त्यस ठाउँका सबै घटनाहरू पत्ता लगाउन र अनुभव गर्न पर्यटन भनिन्छ। यद्यपि मानव समाजमा प्राचीन कालदेखि नै पर्यटन व्याप्त छ, तर यसले समयको साथ अभूतपूर्व घटनाक्रमको अनुभव गरेको छ। आधुनिक मानव जीवनमा पर्यटनले महत्त्वपूर्ण भूमिका खेलेको छ। आजकल पर्यटन कुनै व्यक्तिको कल्पनामा सीमित छैन। आधुनिक युगमा यसलाई उद्योग मानिन्छ। विश्वका अधिकांश देशहरूले पर्यटन उद्योगको विकासको लागि कदम चालेका छन्।

हाम्रो देशमा पर्यटनका लागी धेरै सम्भावना र बाटोहरु छन। हाम्रो देश प्राकृति विविधताले भरिएको देश हो र यहाँ विभिन्न प्रकारका प्राकृतिक परिवर्तनहरु देखिन सकिन्छ। बिश्वको चौध वटा ठुलो शिखरहर मध्ये आठ वटा नेपाल मा छन जुन बिश्व कै ठुलो हिमाल सगरमाथा हो। हाम्रो देश सुन्दर वन जङ्गल, पशुपंक्षि र संस्कृतिले भरिएको छ। जहाँ पर्यटकको लागि धेरै आकर्षक को केन्द्र बनेको छ।

पर्यटन को फाइदा:

पर्यटन को क्षेत्र धेरै व्यापक छ। पृथ्वीको सतहमा कहिँ पनि यात्रा गर्न यो पर्याप्त छ। विभिन्न ठाउँ र देशहरूको यात्राले त्यस स्थानको सभ्यता, संस्कृति, सामाजिक चलनहरू आदिको सही ज्ञान दिन्छ। पर्यटकहरूले यी सबैको फाइदा लिन्छन्। तसर्थ, पर्यटनले देशहरूबीच प्रेम, सद्भावना, भ्रातृत्व र मित्रता बढाउँदै शान्तिपूर्ण सहअस्तित्वलाई बढावा दिन्छ। पर्यटकहरु विभिन्न स्थानहरु को यात्रा बाट धेरै मानसिक सन्तुष्टि प्राप्त गर्छ । मानव दिमागले धेरै नयाँ ठाउँहरू र चीजहरू हेरेर र अपरिचितहरूको सम्पर्कमा आउँदा आनन्द प्राप्त गर्दछ। पर्यटनले विभिन्न स्थानमा आर्थिक स्थिति र राजनीतिक अवस्थाको बारेमा विचार सिर्जना गर्दछ। यसले पर्यटकहरूको आर्थिक विकास र राजनीतिक चेतनाको विकासतिर लैजान्छ। पर्यटनले धर्मको प्रवर्धन र राजनीतिक जागरूकता बढाउन मद्दत गर्दछ।

आधुनिक युगमा पर्यटन उद्योगको विकास:

आधुनिक युगमा पर्यटनलाई एक उद्योग मानिन्छ। यसको कारण विभिन्न पर्यटन स्थलहरूको विकासले धेरै पर्यटकहरूलाई आकर्षित गर्दछ। यसको परिणाम स्वरूप यसले अप्रत्यक्ष रूपमा राज्य वा देशको आर्थिक विकासमा योगदान पुर्‍याउँछ। त्यसकारण, आज विश्वका धेरै देशहरू पर्यटन उद्योगको विकासमा ध्यान दिइरहेका छन्। हाम्रो देश नेपाल यसको लागि एक विशेष विभाग छ।

मानव जीवनको सबै पक्ष सुधार गर्न पर्यटनले महत्त्वपूर्ण भूमिका खेल्छ। यसले देशभित्र राष्ट्रिय एकता स्थापित गर्नमा मात्र सहयोग पुर्‍याउँदैन तर अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय सदभावनाको  स्थापनालाई पनि मद्दत गर्दछ। यदि सरकार र जनता यस बारे सचेत छन् र एक अर्कालाई सहयोग गर्दछन्, तब पर्यटन उद्योग अझ बढ्ने आशा गरिन्छ।

निबन्ध ५

नेपालमा पर्यटन को बारेमा निबन्ध 500 शब्दमा

हाम्रो देश नेपाल प्राकृतिक सौन्दर्य उपहार, स्रोत र आश्चर्यमा धनी छ। त्यहाँ सांस्कृतिक, ऐतिहासिक र धार्मिक महत्त्वका धेरै स्थानहरू र चीजहरू छन्। सगरमाथा, विश्वको सबैभन्दा अग्लो शिखर नेपालमा छ। हामी यसमा गर्व गर्छौं। हिउँले ढाकिएको पहाड चुचुरो, सुन्दर जल स्रोत, सम्मोहन सौन्दर्यको हरियो वन, वनस्पति र जीव जन्तु आदिले हरेक वर्ष धेरै पर्यटकहरूलाई प्रलोभनमा पार्छन्। हामीले पर्यटन आकर्षण गर्न शान्तिमय वातावरण कायम राख्न सकेका छौं।

नेपाल पर्यटन प्रबर्द्धनका लागि उपयुक्त ठाउँका रूपमा परिचित छ। हाम्रो देश प्रकृतिले सजिएको देश हो। प्रकृतिले हामीलाई धेरै चीजहरू प्रदान गरेको छ जुन पर्यटकहरूले मन पराउँछन्। केहि पर्यटकहरु यहाँ प्राकृतिक सुन्दरता र आश्चर्यको आनन्द लिन आउँछन्। ती मध्ये केही पर्वतारोहण र पर्वतारोहणका लागि हाम्रो देश भ्रमण गर्छन्। केही हाम्रो इतिहास, संस्कृति, धर्म आदिका बारे मा केहि जान्न चाहान्छन्।

हामी देख्न सक्छौं कि केही पर्यटक यहाँ छुट्टीको मजा लिन आउँछन्। धेरै टूरिस्टहरू ट्रिपिंग र पर्वतारोहणका लागि प्राकृतिक सौन्दर्यहरू र खोज्नेहरूलाई खुशी भेटाउछन। हाम्रो इतिहास, संस्कृति, यसको बारेमा रमाइलो गर्नको लागि र हाम्रो पवित्रताको सम्बन्धमा जन्नका लागि नेपाल आउँछन्।

पर्यटनले नेपालमा महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका खेल्छ। हामी यसबाट धेरै फाइदा लिन सक्छौं। पहिलो, हामी विदेशी मुद्रा कमाउन सक्छौं जुन हाम्रो विकासको लागि प्रयोग गर्न सकिन्छ। धेरै मानिस पर्यटन सम्बन्धित कार्यालयहरु मा रोजगार छन्। यसैले यसले बेरोजगारीका समस्याहरूलाई कम गर्न मद्दत गर्दछ। पर्यटकहरूले हाम्रो सामानहरू, क्यारिजहरू र हाम्रो देशको मूल लेखहरू खरीद गर्छन्।

परिणाम स्वरूप, हाम्रो कुटीर उद्योगहरूले लाभ लिन सक्दछन्। पर्यटनले हाम्रो होटेल उद्योगलाई मद्दत गर्दछ। तिनीहरू राम्रा होटलहरूमा बस्न चाहन्छन्। धेरै महँगो र राम्रा होटलहरूले उनीहरूलाई सेवाहरू प्रदान गर्दै आएका छन्। त्यस्तै गरी, धेरै पर्यटक गाइडहरू र भरियाहरू यसमा कार्यरत छन्।

हामी पर्यटकहरूबाट उनीहरूको भाषाहरू, संस्कृति र परम्परा सिक्न सक्छौं। तिनीहरूले हामीबाट धेरै कुरा पनि सिक्छन्। हाम्रो राष्ट्रको ख्याति र महिमा चौडा हुन्छ किनकि उनीहरू उनीहरूका साथीहरू र आफन्तहरूका लागि उनीहरूको उपलब्धी हुन सक्छन्। हाम्रो देश नेपाल विश्वको बाँकी भागमा परिचित हुनेछ। जब तिनीहरूले हाम्रो राम्रो संस्कृति, परम्परा र चीजहरू अवलोकन गर्छन्, उनीहरू तिनीहरूको देशमा यस्ता कुराहरू फैलाउदछन्।

पर्यटन को केही बेफाइदाहरु छन्। केहि संक्रमित रोगहरु पर्यटकहरु द्वारा फैलाउन सकिन्छ; यो यसको खराब प्रभाव हो। पर्यटन को कारण, केहि सौन्दर्य स्थानहरु प्रदूषित हुँदैछन्। हामी धेरै बोतलहरू, प्लास्टिकको झोला र अन्य देख्न सक्दछौं उच्च शिखरमा सगरमाथा पनि देखिन सकिन्छ । केही पर्यटक आपराधिक हुन सक्छन्। तिनीहरू यहाँ अपराध गर्न सक्छन्।

नेपालमा पर्यटन को क्षेत्र मा केहि समस्याहरु छन्। मुख्य समस्याहरू यातायात र सुरक्षा हुन्। अधिकांश सौन्दर्य ठाउँहरू दुर्गम क्षेत्रहरूमा अवस्थित छन्। हामीले यी सबै स्थानहरूमा जानका लागि सडकहरू निर्माण गरेका छैनौं। हामीले केवल वायु सेवाहरूमा भर पर्नु पर्छ। त्यस्तै सुरक्षाको समस्याले पर्यटकको संख्या घटाएको छ। त्यहाँ दुर्गम क्षेत्रहरूमा मानक होटलहरू छैनन्। हामीले पर्यटकहरुलाई नेपालमा पर्यटन प्रबर्धन गर्न सबै तहमा सुविधा प्रदान गर्नु पर्छ।

हामी नेपालमा पर्यटन विकास गर्नका लागि धेरै काम गर्न जरुरी छ। हामीले नेपालमा पर्यटन प्रवर्द्धन गर्न प्रयास गर्नुपर्दछ। नेपालमा फ्लोरिश टुरिज्मको लागी सरकारले छुट्टै कार्यक्रम शुरू गर्नु पर्छ। सम्बन्धित सबै क्षेत्रहरूले यसलाई बढावा दिन उच्च प्राथमिकता दिने अपेक्षा गरिएको छ। होटल प्रणालीलाई सुधार गरिनुपर्दछ। सरकारले पर्यटकहरूलाई यातायात सुविधा र सुरक्षा प्रदान गर्नुपर्दछ। त्यसो भए, अधिक र अधिक पर्यटकहरू हाम्रो मातृभूमि भ्रमण गर्न प्रलोभित हुनेछन्।यो हाम्रो राष्ट्रिय अर्थतन्त्रको एक महत्वपूर्ण हिस्सा हुन सक्छ।

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History Of Nepali Language and its importance

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Dirgha Raj Prasai

Since the creation of greater Nepal, the Nepali language has been popular as an easy means of communication between all language speakers of the nation. Many years before the creation of greater Nepal, the Nepali language had been in use from Bhramhaputra in the east and Kashmir in the west. The linguists have taken the stone inscription of Adityabanshi king Damupal, dating back to 1038 BS, as the official source of Nepali language. A copperplate inscription dating back to 1280 BS is the historical evidence of Krachalya King’s victory over Kedar-land Gadawal to create Sija’s Rigime. After studying the gold inscription of Prithvi Malla of 1413 B.S, we can surmise that the Nepali language came into existence in Gorkha and Gadawal since then.

Linguist Balkrishna Pokharel has written that the Nepali language used in Kirat era until 1382 BS is indicated by Simrangaud king Harisingh Dev’s Pandit Jyotirishwor’s Maithiti book ‘Barnaratnakar.’ Similarly, Bhanubhakta Pokharel writes, "Five-seven hundred years prior to the unification of Nepal, the kings and rulers of the nations in this region relied on Nepali language for inter-state use as in sending letters, treaties and agreements. Prithvi Narayan Shah, during his unification campaign spanning Baise, Chaubise, Limbuwan, Khumbuwan including Apungi breakaway states, used Nepali language whenever he had to speak with the monarchs of these states." In this fashion, the Nepali language gained a status as the inter-caste medium of communication.

There are plenty of archives to indicate that Prithvi Narayan Shah, before unification of Nepal, had used Nepali language when speaking with Kantipur’s king Laxminarsingh Malla and his son Pratap Malla. There are many evidences that kings Jagat Prakash Malla, Bhupatendra Malla, Bhaskar Malla, Pratap Malla and Jayaprakash Malla used Nepali language in their correspondence. As Nepali language was already in use among the smaller states before the creation of greater Nepal, it helped Prithvi Narayan Shah in his unification campaign.

Historian Nayaraj Panta has mentioned many evidences to indicate that Nepali language was used in correspondence during the Malla era, many years before the unification campaign got underway. Panta writes, "There is a stone inscription in Bishwonath Temple erected by Bhim Malla in front of Kalbhairav at Hanumandhoka." The stone inscription dating back to Nepal Sambat (Newari calendar year) 761 during the time of Laxminarsingh Malla located at a Dabali at the side of Kathmandu’s big Gantaghar and Makhan Shivalaya is written in Nepali language. There is a stone inscription in Nepali language that Pratap Malla created at Rani Pokhari in Nepal Sambat 790. The red seal written in Nepali language by Jagat Prakash Malla in 1585 Sakh S. and Jaya Prakash Mall’s document signed in the name of God as a witness to Prithvi Narayan Shah in 3 Poush 1814 BS mentions, "Kathmandu will not ambush the materials brought from Gorkha, receive the goldsmith coming from Bhot, take the coins brought from Madhes, give Naldum to Kathmandu and do the work of Kathmandu."

Historian Shankarman Rajbhanshi writes, "The Syahamohar (authority writing) written in Poush of 1719 BS by Morang king Harishchandra Sen and Brish Sen were the papers written in Nepali language.

Makawanpur’s king Manik Sen wrote Syahamor in Nepali language to Shri Gosai and papers written under the title Kartik, 1984 BS and there are papers written in Nepali language by Budhikarna Raya in 1824 BS from Bijayapur. Nepali, Hindi, Maithili, Bhojpuri, Bangali, Gadawali languages are the children of Sanskrit language. The Sanskrit language had occupied the position of national language throughout the Licchavi rule in Nepal. (Puratatwa Sangraha 2018). During the Malla rule, Sanskrit, Nepali and Newari language including local languages were used. Before the unification of Nepal, those travelling to Gorkha, Lamjung, Kaski and Janakpur from Kathmandu spoke in Nepali language. In this way, Nepali language came into practice from Bramhaputra to Kashmir. The fact is that Nepali language is not the language enforced by the victorious rulers like kings Prithvi Narayan Shah and Mahendra.

Darjeeling’s intellectual scholar Parasmani Pradhan had said, "Nepali language is not a language belonging only to a certain caste and creed. Not only the Bhramin, Chetri castes but Gurung, Magar, Rai, Limbu, Newar, Tamang have embraced Nepali language as their language despite having their own separate mother tongues. This has created a huge Nepali caste. There is no such thing as that one should forget the person’s caste language. If some castes are trying to struggle with the concept that Nepali language is not their language, they will not allow themselves to stand firm nor will allow others to do so. The Khas sound changed into Khas language and became the language of Gorkha and Gorkhali and now it is the language of all Nepalese people. The Nepali language is accepted by the Nepalese in India’s Assam, Manipur, Darjeeling, Deharadun of Uttaranchal and Almoda. The Indian government has given an international recognition to the Nepali language treating it as that of the government language.

Nepal is home to various castes, languages and people. There are a total of 124 different languages spoken in the nation. Among them, 40/50 languages are in developed state. Maithili, Bhojpuri, Awadhi, Magar, Gurung, Tamang, Sherpa, Newar, Tharu, Rajbanshi, Limbu, Rai, Thakali, Sunuwar, Satar, Urdu are popular in their own communities. The Hindi language is also spoken at some places due to the open border. However, the influence of the Hindi language as compared to what the local mother tongues have is none. Hindi is the national language of India. To adopt Indian national language is tantamount to accepting Indian dominance, which the Nepalese people are against. Since 2006, our thinking after independence has been increasingly influenced by the antinationalist elements and foreigners. This is not good for the Nepalese people.

Nepal is very rich in terms of language. This does not mean that every local language should be turned into an official language. If attempts are made in this direction, it may create difficulties in many aspects. A Newar scholar Ashok Shrestha writes, "It is nothing more than intellectual folly to launch agitation supporting the concept of Baise and Chaubise states (22 and 24 states). Kathmandu is the capital; it is natural that multi-castes of people from diverse geographical areas stretching from Mechi in the east to Mahakali are gathered here. There is a hidden mentality to make these people that cannot speak Newari cross Thankot." Thus, people speaking different language need to sacrifice on account of nationality. Following the unification of Nepal, all the castes and creeds of the nation have merged into a single caste of being Nepali in the mainstream of greater Nepal. In 2008, at the oath taking ceremony of the Constituent Assembly (CA) members, they took oath in fifty different languages and made fun of national unity.

The first Vice President of Republic Nepal Parmananda Jha, who has three decade’s experience as a justice, disregarded the national attire and took oath in Hindi language, an act which was against the constitution. The Maoist chairman Pushpa Kamal Dahal ‘Prachanda’ appeared in suit and tie to take the oath of office as the Prime Minister. How shameful is it? This effort to disdain Nepalese identity was a big defect. The national attire that reflects the Nepalese identity is Daura-Suruwal and Dhaka Topi. There were no debates raised on the subject of this national attire even after the restoration of democracy in the nation. The Nepalese language is recognized as the national language since the unification. The Nepalese kings, Nepali Congress leader BP Koirala, Matrika Prasad Koirala, Tanka Prasad Acharya, K I Singh, all the leaders, including the communist leaders and poets, have never disgraced the national attire.

Newars are nationalists. However, on purpose or inadvertently, the debate on language was started from Newars of Kathmandu. Newars are taken aback as the communal harmony existing in the nation is rickety. Newars have a huge contribution in creating awareness of Hindu and Budhist religions in Nepal. The local mother tongues can be used to save national assets through literary writings, dramas, cinemas, dance and songs. The government has made arrangement for lessons in Newari, Maithili and other languages in schools.

In such a context where the globe is becoming a village, it would not be appropriate to get entangled in a dispute of whether the local language should be given space as official language of correspondence. For example, at Dhapkharka of Bhojpur, a Sherpa school was set up a few years ago with the intention of developing the mother tongue. Although NGOs worked ardently and the students flocked the school for some days, it closed down afterwards. The desire to learn Newari language in TU is depleting. The Newari-language department in Tri-Chandra Campus is empty. Some schools are offering courses in Limbu, Gurung, Magar, Tamang and Urdu languages. If these languages had a prospect in the international arena, it could have been taken as a positive step. If forceful attempts are made to transform the local ethnic languages into official language of correspondence, it will result in ethnic conflict, which, in turn, may harm national unity. The Nepalese scattered here and in other nations should be alert to prevent such a situation.

source: Prasai,Dirgha Raj(2011),"History Of Nepali Language And Its Importance ", 27 Feb 2011, Rising Nepal

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