What happens if we lose everything that defines us as us?Â
1984 truly delves into this scary concept as the Party removes everyoneâs personal details so they are not able to establish their own identity. For example, even Winston does not know his own age, who his real parents are nor can he trust his own childhood memories as there are no photographs or evidences to help him differentiate between reality and imagination.Â
Aside from Winston, the rest of Oceania are also denied documents that could give them a sense of individuality and help them differentiate themselves from others . This causes their memories to grow fuzzy, thus making the people of Oceania vulnerable and dependent on the stories that the Party tells them.
In turn, by controlling the present, the Party can re-engineer the past. Simultaneously, by controlling the past, the Party can rationalise its shortcomings and project a perfect government that is far from the truth.Â
With no recollection of the past, the people of Oceania can no longer stay in touch with their real identities and instead, become identical as they wear the same uniform, drink the same brand of alcohol and more. Yet, Winston builds his own sense of identity through recording his thoughts, experiences and emotions in his diary. This act along with his relationship with Julia symbolises Winstonâs declaration of his own independence and identity as a rebel who disagrees with the Partyâs system.Â
Despite this, Winstonâs own sense of individuality and identity dissolves after his torturous experience at the Ministry of Love, which transforms him into another member of the Outer Party who blends into the crowd. By asserting a dark vision of humanityâs individualism, Orwell urges audiences in the present to truly value their freedom to express and preserve their identity.Â
Here are some quotes that are related to this idea which you may find helpful:
Quote | Link to the Consequences of Totalitarianism |
---|---|
âWho controls the past, controls the future: who controls the present controls the pastâ | This slogan from the Party reveals that by rewriting history, the Party can justify their actions and systems in the present. Alternatively, by controlling the present, they can choose to manipulate history however they like. |
âWhat appealed to [Winston] about [the coral paperweight] was not so much its beauty as the air it seemed to possess of belonging to an age quite different to the present oneâ | This quote from Winston represents his act of rebellion which helps him to assert his own independence in determining what he likes or does not like that are outside of the Partyâs influence. |
âAnd when memory failed and written records were falsified⌠the claim of the Party to have improved the conditions of human life had go to be accepted, because there did not exist, and never again could exist.â | This quote represents Winstonâs realisation that the Party purposefully erodes peopleâs memories of the past to disable their sense of identity and gain full control of their sense of self. |
Of course, 1984 also includes other themes that you may be thinking about writing analysis for, such as:Â
Check out our recommended related text for 1984 .
Analysing your text is always the first step to writing an amazing essay! Lots of students make the mistake of jumping right into writing without really understanding what the text is about.
This leads to arguments that only skim the surface of the complex ideas, techniques and elements of the text. So, letâs build a comprehensive thesis through an in-depth analysis of the 1984.Â
Here are three easy steps that you can use to analyse 1984 and really impress your English teachers!
1984 is a world of its own with its totalitarian systems, use of foreign words and more. So, we totally understand if youâre feeling lost and donât know where to begin.Â
Our piece of advice is to look for examples that come with a technique. Techniques offer you a chance to delve into the textâs underlying meaning, which would help you deepen your analysis and enrich your essay writing.Â
Find our extensive list of quotes from 1984 by George Orwell!
Here are two quotes that relate to consequences of totalitarian power, which we have picked to help you visualise which examples can provide a deeper meaning:Â
âBig Brother is Watching You.â âWAR IS PEACE FREEDOM IS SLAVERY IGNORANCE IS STRENGTHâÂ
Getting a good grade in English is more than listing out every technique that you can find in the text. Instead, itâs about finding techniques that allow you to dive deeper into the themes youâre focussing on, while also supporting your argument.Â
Try to look for techniques that allow you to explain its effects and link to your argument such as symbols, metaphors, connotations, similes and historical allegories . In Orwellâs case, he uses a lot of language techniques such as neologism, where he makes up his own words such as âDoublethinkâ or âNewspeakâ.Â
For the two quotes above, its three techniques include historical allusion, rhetoric and oxymoron.Â
If possible, you can look out for a quote that encompasses a few techniques to really pack a punch in your analysis.Â
Once youâre done collecting your examples and techniques, the next part is writing. You must remember to explain what the effect of the technique is and how it supports your argument. Otherwise, itâs not going to be a cohesive essay if youâre just listing out techniques.Â
An example of listing out techniques looks like this:Â
âThe rhetoric âBig Brother is Watching Youâ is also a historical allusion while âWar is Peace, Freedom is Slavery and Ignorance is Strengthâ is oxymoronic.â
Instead, you must elaborate on how each of these techniques link to your argument.Â
âBig Brother is Watching Youâ is a rhetoric imposed by the Party to instil psychological fear and submission of the people of Oceania, whereby Orwell uses to warn the dangers of totalitarianism. âBig Brotherâ is also a historical allusion to Hitler to remind the audience that 1984 is not entirely fictional but a possible future of our reality, urging us to take action against totalitarian regimes with the autonomy we have now.Â
Meanwhile, the slogan ââWAR IS PEACE, FREEDOM IS SLAVERY, IGNORANCE IS STRENGTHâ represents the oxymoronic mentalities that have been indoctrinated into the people of Oceania, highlighting how totalitarian regimes would force its people to think whatever they want their people to think, no matter how illogical it is.Â
Together, your analysis should look something like:Â
The Party perpetuates the rhetoric, âBig Brother is Watching Youâ to instil psychological fear and coercion of the the people of Oceania, which forewarns a lack of individual freedom and private reflection within authoritarian regimes. As âBig Brotherâ is a historical allusion to Hitler, Orwell reminds the audience that 1984 and its extremist politics is a reality, urging us to defend our independence before itâs forbidden. Furthermore, the slogan âWar is Peace, Freedom is Slavery, Ignorance is Strengthâ embodies the oxymoronic mentalities that the Party indoctrinates into its people, revealing the extreme extent of psychological control an authoritarian regime strives to ensure their power is never questioned, no matter how irrational it is.
Check out other texts weâve created guides for below:
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1984 is a dystopian novel by George Orwell that explores the dangers of totalitarianism and surveillance. Essays on this topic could delve into the themes of surveillance, truth, and totalitarianism in the novel, discuss its relevance to contemporary societal issues, or compare Orwellâs dystopian vision to other dystopian or utopian literary works. A substantial compilation of free essay instances related to George Orwellâs 1984 you can find at PapersOwl Website. You can use our samples for inspiration to write your own essay, research paper, or just to explore a new topic for yourself.
George Orwell's "1984", a terrifying portrayal of dictatorship seen through the prism of a made-up superstate called Oceania, is still regarded as a classic piece of literature. Examining how Orwell's dystopian picture of the world mirrors larger concerns of power, surveillance, and the human spirit under authoritarian control, this article explores the complex world-building of Oceania. In the film "1984," Oceania is shown as an authoritarian society marked by ongoing conflict, constant government monitoring, and widespread public manipulation. Orwell painstakingly [âŚ]
As years pass by, human society has advanced in very unpredictable ways due to the evolution of ideas and technologies. It is somewhat cloudy to forseek what new advancements that may arrive in the future. In the 20th century, two dystopian writers had predicted the fate of the world that we live in today. The novels Nineteen Eighty-Four written by George Orwell and Brave New World written by Aldous Huxley both envisioned how society would end up as a dystopia. [âŚ]
In the world today, the internet is at the center of our actions. The internet and technology enable the recording of everything we do, which can be accessed by millions of people within a short time. This leads to the question of privacy in this age. In the novel "1984" by George Orwell, the main character, Winston Smith, and the rest of the population in Oceania are being surveyed. All their moves are followed with the help of telescreens purposed [âŚ]
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In 1984, the main character, Winston Smith goes through moments where he is in need; His needs consist of physiological needs, safety, and security needs, love and belonging needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs. Winston is the main character in his novel it follows his around during this time. In 1984 Winston has his physiological met. These physiological needs include; water, pleasure, and food. Winston had taken up his spoon and was dabbling in pale-colored gravy that dribbled across the [âŚ]
George Orwell is an author who wrote the book 1984 and Animal Farm, two famous Dystopian novels. But what is a dystopian novel? A dystopian novel is where the author writes about a society being oppressed or terrorized from a group of people or person(Jennifer Kendall). Typically in dystopian novels, we are shown a character who donât agree with the government structure and tend to rebel against them. Although dystopian novels are fictional, it doesnât mean that it canât happen [âŚ]
George Orwell's 1984 writes of a dystopian society that has become severally oppressed by the methods âThe Party' uses to control its society. The people do not think for themselves, and there is no independence from the governmentâs rules. One form that the party has control over everyone is with mind manipulation and constant surveillance, watching people actions and reactions to their messages that âThe Partyâ shares via the âtelescreenâ. A âtelescreenâ is a two-way connection screen that people watch [âŚ]
Privacy is a loose term in our world today because no one abides by it and the privacy of many people is invaded every day. People donât even think about being watched when theyâre posting personal experiences in their life on social media. Invasion of privacy is a serious issue concerning the Internet, as e-mails can be read and/or encrypted, and cookies can track a user and store personal information. Lack of privacy policies and employee monitoring threatens security also. [âŚ]
There are many Themes in 1984 however there are two that show themselves as the most important throughout the story: The disastrous effects of both the control of information and complete and total domination of the people, or Authoritarianism. These two themes show themselves many times throughout the entire story. The main Villain of the novel, Big Brother, exists to show the reader what will happen when one single organization or entity controls all information, and every other facet of [âŚ]
In George Orwell's 1984, the reader follows a middle-aged man named Winston Smith. In Winston's society, people can be under surveillance at any time, in any place. The reader follows Winston through his affair with a woman named Julia, and the consequences that they face after. Throughout 1984, many motifs are represented, one of them being nature and animals. The motif of nature/animals demonstrates how Orwell connects characters in his book to animals. In 1984, the first time the reader [âŚ]
George Orwell is a politically charged author who writes novels as warning issued against the dangers of totalitarian societies. The novel is dystopian literature. A dystopian society is the not so good version of an utopian society which is pretty much a perfect world. While an utopian society IS a perfect world, a dystopian society is the exact opposite as it is dehumanizing and unpleasant in regards to trying to make everything ideal. The novel 1984 by George Orwell is [âŚ]
In the novel 1984 war ment peace, freedom ment slavery, and ignorance ment strength. This novel very intriguing yet dark and twisted, the novel all began with an average man with an average job and an average life named Winston Smith, but what you don't know is how unruly the government is. The government believes everyone they have in their grasp they completely and utterly control, they have dehumanized humans to the point where they can't hardly think for themselves [âŚ]
Throughout history there have been dozens of examples of how the book 1984 relates to current events. A Prime example of this is Fidel Castro and 1960's Cuba, Throughout his rule he was responsible for housing many soviet missiles, and limiting the freedoms of his people. The only news allowed in cuba was the news that was verified by either castro himself or his higher up officers. This is an example of censoring/controlling the media. Throughout the book there are [âŚ]
With new technology and advanced programs, the government is gaining more power than one may realize. George Orwellâs fiction novel 1984, depicts Oceaniaâs control upon itâs party members thoughts and freedom showcasing the harsh effects that it had on its population. Too much control can often lead to social repression, Winston being a product of this repressed society. The cruelty Winston is faced with serves as both a motivation for him throughout the novel and reveals many hidden traits about [âŚ]
William Gaddis once said, âpower doesnât corrupt people, people corrupt powerâ; a truth that perfectly articulates the relationship between man and power. George Orwellâs prose novel, 1984, and James McTeigueâs theatrical film, V for Vendetta, are such quintessences of power abused by those in pursuit of reaching authoritative domination. They differ in textual form and perspectives however at their core, both texts are works of dystopian fiction and juvenalian satire against authoritarian style leaderships, depicting their respective protagonists as victims [âŚ]
1984 is a political novel composed for the humans below a totalitarian authorities and to give consciousness for the feasible dangers of it. George Orwell, the author, purposefully created the e book give emphasis to the rising of communism in Western countries who are nonetheless uncertain about how to approach it. He additionally wrote it due to having an insight of the horrendous lengths to which authoritarian governments that ought to possibly go beyond their power such as Spain and [âŚ]
In a lucid moment Winston found that he was shouting with the others and kicking his heel violently against the ring of his chair (Orwell 14). Winston Smith is an average man in the world of 1984, at least that is what readers believe at first glance. However, there is a hidden life under the surface of his skin, this being the brewing hatred he feels for the, otherwise, worshiped Big Brother. Smith meets an unlikely companion in a young [âŚ]
Dystopian literature has been around for quite some time, shaping the minds of young readers. However, in the course of recent decades, it has turned out to be increasingly popular, especially after the turn of the century. In a time of fear and anxiety, the dystopian genre has become more popular in pop culture, in that they provide audiences with a different aspect of entertainment, while offering a sense of comfort and control. The world that young adults of today [âŚ]
George Orwellâs book 1984 displayed an example of a real-life dystopia. Totalitarianism is shown in this communist-based society so ghastly that it coined its own term âOrwellianâ in the dictionary. However, a country living in full surveillance with extremely nationalistic views in cookie-cutter world is not entirely fictional. Historical dictatorships are similar to Orwellâs telling of Big Brother, the man in control of Oceaniaâs economy and strictly enforced values. An example of such was the Cuban regime under control of [âŚ]
War is peace; freedom is slavery; ignorance is strength In the book 1984 by George Orwell, Big brother is an omnipotent, omniscient, and omnipresent dictator of Oceania. Big Brother symbolizes the face of the Party and its public manifestation, which controlled people's thoughts, actions, knowledge and way of living. By using secret police, surveillance, torture, propaganda, misinformation, and corrupted languages to control all aspects of one's life. Even though the book was meant to be fictional, there is some elements [âŚ]
George Orwell, a pen name for the authorâs real name Eric Arthur Blair, is a man that had multiple professions, such as an essayist, imperial police officer, and a critic. However, he is best known as a novelist, writing such stories like Animal Farm, Burmese Days, and the main focus novel that will be talked about today, 1984. 1984 is the story about a man named Winston Smith, a man that lives in a totalitarian society where no one is [âŚ]
There have been many dictators in the history of the world. They have been mostly bad for the people of the society, reducing their ability to stand up for them self. Most dictators used fear and intimidation to scare their opponents into complying with them, but in 1984 they limited their vocabulary (newspeak) and twisted what they were saying to make it sound nicer (doublespeak) to get the people to comply with the rules. The Party in 1984 is influenced [âŚ]
1984 is a story of tragedy and warns of a dystopian future, which day by day looks like it is becoming closer to a reality. The story starts out with Winston Smith, a member of the Party, living inside the conglomerate super-nation Oceania. Everywhere Winston goes, he is being watched by the Party's leader, Big Brother, who is constantly monitoring to stop any and all rebellion. The Party controls everything and are trying to indoctrinate people, inventing a brand new [âŚ]
INTRODUCTION The Party did the people wrong and treated them poorly because the Party wanted them to do what they asked for and manipulating their minds. Orwell wanted to tell people how the Party treated other people and what they had to sacrifice in order to do what was told. For it to be one of the most powerful warnings that ever happened in the totalitarian society. George Orwellâs 1984 is a interesting and constructive book that is filled with [âŚ]
The destruction of history causes people to obey the party more and become mindless objects to the party. The party imposed if all records told the same tale then the lie passed into history and became truth. Who controls the past ran the party slogan controls the future who controls the present controls the past And the through of its nature alterable never has been altered{ Orwell p.31}. It represent imagery and talks about how the party controls them and [âŚ]
Although they seem to portray two completely opposite dystopias, Aldous Huxleyâs Brave New World and George Orwellâs 1984 are two sides of the same coin, as they both warn of the dangers of an all-powerful government. Both their personal lives and the social climate in which they lived in contributed in the shaping of their novels into the disturbingly brilliant pieces of literature that are praised today. Huxleyâs childhood provides great insight into some of the many influences of his [âŚ]
When people read dystopian text they often include topics with darker views of our political structures. George Orwell's novel 1984 is about a place named Oceania in which the main character Winston, a member of the outer party,journeys into his end. He finds himself with these viewpoints no one else seems to have of how Oceania is runned and only continues to question and dig further until he is put to stop by the party. Although Orwellâs work is fiction [âŚ]
After reading and discussing the outcomes of high tech policing, I strongly take a stand with the critics of it. This is not only opinion, the data received by high tech policing technologies distort the true meaning of privacy and is a form of biased policing against poor and minority communities. Police are using high tech policing to target poor and minority communities. The main facts that support my claim are how high tech policing results in biases against minorities [âŚ]
Introduction âFreedom is the freedom to say that two plus two make four. If that is granted, all else followsâ (Orwell 81). George Orwell wrote a book called 1984 about Winston and how he lives in an oppressive government. The government manipulates them so much that they have no freedom and no way to express themselves. They cannot even say 2+2=4. Imagery, symbolism, and figurative language are used to convey the theme of the loss of individuality by totalitarianism. Metaphor [âŚ]
Picture a world where your every move is watched, where your thoughts aren’t even your own. Welcome to George Orwell’s "1984," a novel that isn’t just a story but a warning bell that still echoes loudly today. Written in 1949 and set in a future that's now our past, Orwell spins a tale of a world caught in the grip of total government control, a place where the very idea of truth is as malleable as clay. At the heart [âŚ]
In George Orwell's iconic dystopian novel, "1984," the theme of rejection to political apathy emerges as a powerful undercurrent. Set in a totalitarian regime where Big Brother's watchful eye permeates every aspect of citizens' lives, the novel serves as a stark warning against the dangers of political passivity. As an environmental studies student, I find intriguing parallels between the oppressive political climate depicted in the book and the urgent need for active environmental engagement in today's world. Orwell's masterpiece provides [âŚ]
Originally published : | June 8, 1949 |
Author : | George Orwell |
Pages : | 328 |
Genre : | Dystopian, political fiction, social science fiction |
Set in : | London, Airstrip One, Oceania |
Characters : | Big Brother, Winston Smith, Julia, Emmanuel Goldstein, Syme, O'Brien |
Understanding the context and themes of 1984.
When setting out to write an essay about George Orwell's "1984," it's crucial to first grasp the novel's historical and literary context. Published in 1949, "1984" is a dystopian novel that paints a chilling picture of a totalitarian regime. In your introduction, outline the key themes of the novel: the dangers of totalitarianism, the manipulation of truth, and the erosion of individuality. It's important to contextualize these themes within the post-World War II era during which Orwell was writing, as well as considering their continued relevance in today's society. This foundational understanding will inform your exploration of the novel's complex narrative and thematic structure.
The body of your essay should delve into a detailed analysis of the novel's characters and narrative techniques. Focus on the protagonist, Winston Smith, and his journey of rebellion and subsequent downfall. Examine Orwell's portrayal of the Party, particularly the character of Big Brother, and the ways in which it exercises control over individuals. Discuss the novel's key symbols, such as telescreens, Newspeak, and the concept of doublethink, and how they contribute to its overall message. Analyze Orwell's use of language and narrative style, considering how these elements enhance the novel's themes and its impact on readers. Use specific examples and quotes from the text to support your analysis, ensuring each paragraph contributes to a comprehensive understanding of Orwell's vision.
In this section, place "1984" within the broader context of dystopian literature and its historical background. Discuss how the novel reflects the anxieties of its time, including fears of fascism and communism, and how these concerns are woven into the fabric of the narrative. Consider the influences on Orwell's writing, such as his experiences during the Spanish Civil War and his observations of Stalinist Russia. Additionally, reflect on the novel's impact on later literature and culture, including its influence on the genre of dystopian fiction and its relevance in contemporary discussions about surveillance, privacy, and political power.
Conclude your essay by summarizing the key points of your analysis, emphasizing the enduring significance of "1984" in both literary and socio-political contexts. Reflect on the novel's warning about the dangers of totalitarianism and the importance of preserving individual freedoms. Consider the novel's relevance in today's world, particularly in light of current technological and political developments. A strong conclusion will not only provide closure to your essay but also underscore the novel's ongoing relevance, encouraging readers to continue contemplating Orwell's warnings and insights in relation to contemporary society.
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The following essay was written by Project Academy English Tutor, Marko Beocanin
Marko Beocanin
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The following essay was written by Project Academy English Teacher, Marko Beocanin.
Markoâs Achievements:
Marko kindly agreed to share his essay and thorough annotations to help demystify for HSC students what comprises an upper Band 6 response!
Markoâs following essay was written in response to the question:
âThe representation of human experiences makes us more aware of the intricate nature of humanity.â In your response, discuss this statement with detailed reference to George Orwellâs âNineteen Eighty-Fourâ.
George Orwellâs 1949 Swiftian satire Nineteen Eighty-Four invites us to appreciate the intricate nature of humanity by representing how the abuse of power by totalitarian governments degrades our individual and collective experiences. (Link to rubric through individual/collective experiences, and a clear cause and effect argument: totalitarian governance -> degraded human experience. Also, comments on the genre of Swiftian satire. Value!) Orwell explores how oppressive authorities suppress the intricate societal pillars of culture, expression and freedom to maintain power. He then reveals how this suppression brutalises individual human behaviour and motivations because it undermines emotion and intricate thought. (Link to rubric through âhuman behaviour and motivationsâ, and extended cause and effect in which the first paragraph explores the collective âcauseâ and the second paragraph explores the individual âeffectâ. This is an easy way to structure your arguments whilst continuously engaging with the rubric!) Ultimately, he argues that we must resist the political apathy that enables oppressive governments to maintain power and crush human intricacy. Therefore, his representation of human experiences not only challenges us to consider the intricate nature of humanity, but exhorts us to greater political vigilance so we can preserve it. (Concluding sentence that broadens the scope of the question and reaffirms the purpose of the text).
Orwell makes us aware of the intricate nature of humanity by representing how totalitarian authorities suppress intricate collective experiences of culture, expression and freedom in order to assert control. (This is the âcollectiveâ paragraph â a cause and effect argument that relates the question to the loss of human intricacy in the collective as a result of totalitarian rule). His bleak vision was informed by Stalinâs USSR: a regime built upon the fabrication of history in Stalinâs âcult of personalityâ, and ruthlessly enforced by the NKVD. (Specific context â an actual specific regime is named and some details about its enforcement are given). The symbolic colourlessness and propaganda-poster motif he uses to describe London reflects the loss of human intricacy and culture under such leadership: âthere seemed to be no colour in anything, except the posters that were plastered everywhere.â (First example sets up the world of the text, and the degraded collective experience). Orwell uses the telescreens, dramatically capitalised âBIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOUâ posters and allusions to Stalin in Big Brotherâs âblack-moustachioâd faceâ as metonyms for how governmental surveillance dominates both physical and cultural collective experiences. Winstonâs metatextual construction of the fictitious âComrade Ogilvyâ serves as a symbol for the vast, worthless masses of information produced by totalitarian governments to undermine the intricacy of real human history: âComrade Ogilvy, who had never existedâŚwould exist just as authentically, and upon the same evidence, as Charlemagne or Julius Caesar.â Similarly, Orwellâs satirical representation of Newspeak ignites the idea that political slovenliness causes self-expression to degrade, which in turn destroys our capacity for intricate thought and resistance: âwe shall make thoughtcrime literally impossible, because there will be no words in which to express it.â (The examples above prove that the governmentâs leadership style truly is totalitarian, and that it results in a loss of intricacy and âhumanityâ in the collective. Itâs good to cover a variety of examples that explore different facets of the collective â for example, the first example establishes the extreme surveillance, the second example establishes the loss of âtruthâ/history, and the third example establishes the loss of language). The political bitterness that marks Nineteen Eighty-Four as a Swiftian satire (This is a link to the âSwiftianâ term used in the thesis statement. Itâs important to refer back to any descriptive terms you use in your thesis) ultimately culminates in OâBrienâs monologue, where Orwell juxtaposes the politicised verb âabolishâ to symbols of human intricacy, âwe shall abolish the orgasmâŚthere will be no art, no literature, no scienceâŚwhen we are omnipotentâ, to express how totalitarian rulers suppress collective experiences to gain metaphoric omnipotence. Thus, Orwell makes us aware of the intricate nature of humanity by representing a future in which totalitarian governments suppress it. (A linking sentence that ties it all back to the question and rephrases the point)
Orwell then argues that the effect of this suppression is a loss of human intricacy that brutalises society and devalues individual experiences. (Cause and effect argument that links collective suppression to a loss of human intricacy on an individual scale â continuous engagement with the question and the rubric!) Orwellâs exposure to the widespread hysteria of Hitlerâs Nazi regime, caused by the Nuremberg Rallies and Joseph Goebbelsâ virulent anti-semitic propaganda, informs his representation of Oceaniaâs dehumanised masses. (More specific context around the Nazis, and a specific link to how it informed his work) The burlesque Two Minute Hate reveals human inconsistency by representing how even introspective, intelligent characters can be stripped of their intricacy and compassion by the experience of collective hysteria: even Winston wishes to âflog [Julia] to death with a rubber truncheonâŚravish her and cut her throat at the moment of climaxâ, and is only restored by compliance to the Christ-like totalitarian authority, âMy-Saviour!â, Big Brother. (A link to the rubric with the âhuman inconsistencyâ point) Orwell frequently juxtaposes dehumanising representations of the proles, âthe proles are not human beingsâ, to political sloganism: âAs the Party slogan put it: âProles and animals are freeââ, to argue that in such a collectively suppressed society, the upper class grow insensitive towards the intricate nature of those less privileged. (Itâs important to link the proles into your argument â theyâre often forgotten, but theyâre a big part of the text!) He asserts that this loss of empathy degrades the authenticity and intricacy of human relationships, characterised by Winsonâs paradoxically hyperbolic repulsion towards his wife: â[Katharine] had without exception the most stupid, vulgar, empty mind that he had every encounteredâ. (Continuous engagement with the question and rubric: make sure to recycle rubric terms â here, done with âparadoxicallyâ â and question terms â here, with âintricacyâ)  Winstonâs âbetrayalâ of Julia symbolises how totalitarianism ultimately brutalises individuals by replacing their compassion for intricate ideals such as love with selfish pragmatism: âDo it to JuliaâŚTear her face off, strip her to the bones. Not me!â Therefore, Orwell makes us more aware of the intricate nature of humanity by demonstrating how it can be robbed by suppressive governments and collective hysteria. (A linking sentence that sums up the paragraph).
By making us aware of how totalitarian governments suppress meaningful human experiences both individually and collectively, Orwell challenges us to resist so we can preserve our intricate nature. (This third paragraph discusses Orwellâs purpose as a composer. This can in general be a helpful way to structure paragraphs: Collective, Individual, Purpose) Orwellâs service in the 1930s Spanish Civil War as part of the Republican militia fighting against fascist-supported rebels positions him to satirise the political apathy of his audience. (Integration of personal context is useful here to justify Orwellâs motivations. Itâs also a lot fresher than just including another totalitarian regime Orwell was exposed to) Orwell alludes to this through the metaphor of Winstonâs diarising as an anomalous individual experience of resistance, ââ[Winston] was a lonely ghost uttering a truth that nobody would ever hear,â which highlights how his intricate nature persists even in a suppressive society. Often, Orwell meta-fictively addresses his own context, as âa time when thought is freeâŚwhen truth existsâ, to establish an imperative to preserve our intricate human nature while we still can. The Julia romance trope (Itâs good to include terms such as âtropeâ which reflect your understanding of narrative structure and the overall form of the work.) represents how Winstonâs gradual rejection of his political apathy empowered him to experience an authentic, intricately human relationship that subverts his totalitarian society: âthe gesture with which [Julia] had thrown her clothes asideâŚ[belonged] to an ancient time. Winston woke up with the word âShakespeareâ on his lips.â Orwell juxtaposes Juliaâs sexuality to Shakespeare, an immediately-recognisable metonym for culture and history, to argue that human intricacy can only be restored by actively resisting the dehumanising influence of the government. Orwell also represents Winstonâs desensitised and immediate devotion to the Brotherhood to reflect how the preservation of human intricacy is a cause worth rebelling for, even by paradoxically unjust means: â[Winston was] prepared to commit murderâŚacts of sabotage which may cause the deaths of hundreds of innocent peopleâŚthrow sulphuric acid in a childâs face.â (More chronological examples that show Winstonâs transformation throughout the text. Itâs useful to explore and contrast those who resist with those who donât resist, and how just the act of resistance in some way restores our humanity! Thatâs why this paragraph comes after the âbrutalised individual experienceâ paragraph) However, Orwell ultimately asserts that it is too late for Winston to meaningfully restore humanityâs intricate nature, and concludes the text with his symbolic death and acceptance of the regime, â[Winston] had won the victory over himself. He loved Big Brother.â (Itâs important to remember that Orwell ends the text so miserably so that he can motivate his audiences not to do the same thing). The futility of this ending ignites the idea that we must not only be aware of our intricate nature, but must actively resist oppressive governments while we still can in order to preserve it. (A linking sentence that ties the paragraph together and justifies the futility of the ending)
Therefore, Orwellâs representation of human experiences in Nineteen Eighty-Four encourages us to reflect personally on our own intricate human nature, and challenges us to fight to preserve it. (Engages with the question (through the reflection point), and includes Orwellâs purpose as a composer). His depiction of a totalitarian governmentâs unchecked assertion of power on human culture and freedom, and the brutalising impact this has on individual and collective experiences, ultimately galvanises us to reject political apathy. (Your argument summaries can often be combined into a sentence or two in the conclusion now that the marker knows what youâre talking about. This reinforces the cause and effect structure as well.) Thus, the role of storytelling for Orwell is not only to make us more aware of our intricate nature, but to prove that we must actively resist oppressive governments while we still can in order to preserve it. (The clincher! Itâs often useful to add ânot onlyâ in your final sentence to reinforce the massive scope of the text)
If reading this essay has helped you, you may also enjoy reading Markoâs ultimate guide to writing 20/20 HSC English essays .
P.S If you have any questions about aceing HSC English , you are welcome to learn from Marko and join one of Project Academyâs HSC English classes on a 3 week trial .
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1984 themes, totalitarianism.
In writing 1984 , Orwell's main goal was to warn of the serious danger totalitarianism poses to society. He goes to great lengths to demonstrate the terrifying degree of power and control a totalitarian regime can acquire and maintain. In such regimes, notions of personal rights and freedoms and individual thought are pulverized under the all-powerful hand of the government. Orwell was a Socialist and believed strongly in the potential for rebellion to advance society, yet too often he witnessed such rebellions go wrong and develop into totalitarian rule. Specifically, Orwell saw such developments during his time in Spain and in Russia, where he witnessed the rise of communism and the accompanying destruction of civil liberties, honest government, and economic strength.
During a time when much of the Western world was lauding communism as a step towards human progress in the development of equality in government, Orwell clearly and definitively spoke out against the practice. In 1984 , Orwell presents a dystopia, or in other words, the perfect totalitarian state. In composing this novel, Orwell gave the world a glimpse of what the embrace of communism might lead to if allowed to proceed unchecked. The Party is unflawed in its universal control over society, as evidenced by its ability to break even an independent thinker such as Winston, and has mastered every aspect of psychological control, largely through utilizing technological developments (allowing for inventions such as the telescreen) to their advantage. In ending the novel with Winston defeated in every sense of the term, Orwell clearly suggests that there is no hope for quelling the expansion or growth of such a perfectly established regime. And, more importantly, Orwell warns that at the time, this outcome was within the realm of possibility as long as the world supported and embraced communism.
A major factor in the Party's rule over Oceania lies in its extremely well organized and effective propaganda machine. The Ministry of Truth, which is ironically where Winston works, is responsible for disseminating all Party publications and information. All figures and facts come from the Ministry of Truth, and all are dictated by the Party. In other words, the Party chooses exactly what to tell the public, regardless of what is accurate. The effectiveness of this propaganda machine, which constantly corrects old material to reflect the Party's current position on any subject ranging from chocolate rations to the loyalty of a specific individual, allows the Party to completely dominate the range of information disseminated to the public. Therefore, as O'Brien notes, the machine determines what constitutes reality.
In addition to the massive amounts of doctored information the Party disseminates to the public, there are also basic forms of propaganda, such as the Two Minutes Hate, Hate Week, posters of Big Brother , and required daily participation in the Physical Jerks. The Party uses literally every waking opportunity to instill its ideals into its citizens, and is strikingly successful in achieving its goal of total loyalty. In 1984 we see the vigor and loyalty such propaganda inspires in the citizens. The citizens of Oceania are filled with hatred for the country's stated enemies, but this hatred is easily re-directed if the enemy happens to change. This efficiency is quite disturbing. Orwell's presentation of the power of propaganda significantly supports his warning against totalitarianism. If propaganda rules all information, it is impossible to have any grasp on reality. The world is as the Party defines it.
The Party works to quell all physical sensations of love, and depersonalizes sex to the point where it is referred to as a "duty to the Party" (for the purposes of procreation). Some Party organizations even advocate complete abstinence and procreation only through artificial insemination. Winston suffers the Party's removal of personal fulfillment or enjoyment in relationships in his failed marriage with Katharine . Later, when he finds Julia , Winston relishes the freedom of being able to love someone in a physical and emotional way. So much of Winston's seeming rebellion turns out to be guided and influenced by the Party ( Mr. Charrington , O'Brien, the Brotherhood), but his relationship with Julia is not. Winston is only able to rebel against the Party through his affair with Julia, even though this love is destroyed in the end.
Orwell's discussion of love is not only relegated to romantic love. Through Winston's memories of his mother and the contrast between how she cared for him and his sister and the average Party family is striking. Winston's mother deeply loved her children and did all she could to protect them during the aftermath of the Revolution and the Party's rise to power. In Winston's time, the Party has removed such interfamilial loyalty, demanding that all love and loyalty be reserved for Big Brother and the Party. In this way, the bonds between parents and children are broken. Even worse, children commonly report their parents to the Thought Police, placing the Party above the lives of their mother and father. The Party's eventual goal is to destroy the family unit entirely and have all children raised in Party facilities. The Party has no room for love, unless that love is directed with full force at Big Brother and Oceania.
Through its effective psychological manipulation tactics, the Party destroys all sense of independence and individuality. Everyone wears the same clothes, eats the same food, and lives in the same grungy apartments. Life is uniform and orderly. No one can stand out, and no one can be unique. To have an independent thought borders on the criminal. For this reason, writing such as Winston does in his diary has been outlawed. People are only permitted to think what the Party tells them to think, which leads to what Syme refers to as "duckspeak." Independent thought can be dangerous, as it might lead to rebellion.
This theme comes to a head during Winston's torture, when Winston argues that he is a man, and because he is a man O'Brien cannot tell him what he thinks. O'Brien counters that if Winston is a man, he is the last man on earth. Moreover, O'Brien suggests that this independence is evidence of insanity. O'Brien's view represents the purity of a totalitarian regime, in that independent thought must be destroyed to promote the needs and goals of the Party. Winston and Julia's downfall occurs because they believe they are special. Their arrest and torture, however, breaks this spirit. Once again, through this ultimate loss of individual thought, we witness Orwell's warning against embracing any version of totalitarian rule.
Songs appear throughout the novel, most often when Winston is reflecting on the state of the world. Music appears to inspire Winston and allows him to see beauty and simplicity in an otherwise violent, ugly, and frightening world. He sees a powerful sense of tragedy in "Under the spreading Chestnut Tree," hope for a brighter future in the beautiful thrush song, respect for the true, untouchable past in the "St. Clement's Dane" rhyme, and freedom and hope in the passion with which the prole woman sings while hanging her laundry. Below, listed in chronological order are the musical events that occur in the novel.
Winston describes sitting in the Chestnut Tree Cafe, observing the clearly beaten, defeated, and tragically sad Jones, Aaronson and Rutherford , while the song "Under the spreading Chestnut Tree, I sold you and you sold me" plays over the telescreen. The song seems to reflect the broken spirits of these three men, who were once Inner Party members and now have lost everything.
Mr. Charrington teaches Winston the rhyme that begins "Oranges and lemons say the bells of St. Clement's," which is a vestige of the past. Throughout the novel, Winston holds on to this rhyme and tries to discover its entirety. He succeeds, with the help of Julia, who remembers a few more lines than Mr. Charrington, and O'Brien, who finishes the poem for Winston.
Julia and Winston are in the Golden Country, beginning their affair. As they stand next to each other surveying the landscape, a small thrush begins to sing next to them. Winston is taken in by the bird's boundless freedom and wonders what makes him sing so beautifully. To Winston, the bird's song represents all he longs for in life. It is the exact opposite of the Party.
Winston hears the prole woman in the yard behind Mr. Charrington's house sing while she works. She belts out the tune without any hesitation, throwing herself into the simple music with a passion Winston reveres.
Winston tells Julia of the poem Mr. Charrington taught him, and she adds two verses. Her grandfather taught her the rhyme when she was young, and Winston is elated to learn the next few lines of the piece. This cooperation reveals a strong bond between Winston and Julia.
Winston discusses the Hate Song the Party created solely for the Hate Week celebration. This is the only time we hear of a song created purely for negative means. Winston notes that the Hate Song is not as popular among the proles as some of the more simple tunes the Ministry of Truth has produced for them.
O'Brien completes Mr. Charrington's rhyme, and Winston is immensely satisfied to finally know the complete piece. He feels that gaining the last puzzle piece from O'Brien symbolically represents their bond in rebelling against the Party and pursuing a future steeped in freedom.
Winston again hears the prole woman singing passionately while doing her wash and reflects on the primitivism in song. Winston thinks about the millions of people around the world, just like this woman, who find such pleasure, power and freedom in music and are able to embrace it in their lives. He is arrested immediately after this brief scene, which fulfills the last line of the "St. Clement's Dane" song, "Here comes a chopper to chop off your head!"
Winston sits in the Chestnut Tree Cafe, just as Jones, Aaronson and Rutherford once did. He hears the same song he heard when watching those three men, "Under the spreading Chestnut Tree, I sold you and you sold me." Here, the song speaks to the destruction of Winston's independence, and his newly discovered love for Big Brother.
The Party is fueled by loyalty, and thus demands that its citizens support any and all actions it takes in pursuing a greater Oceania. For the Party, loyalty means accepting without question or hesitation. Ironically, when Winston pledges his loyalty to the Brotherhood, he also agrees to accept the goals and requirements of the Brotherhood without question or hesitation. Winston agrees to do anything the Brotherhood requires, even if that means murdering innocents. However, Winston is also loyal to Julia, and refuses to be separated from her forever. This split loyalty is what separates Winston from the other Party members. Party members are loyal to the Party, Big Brother, and Oceania alone. Personal relationships are of no importance.
While in the Ministry of Love, O'Brien notes this weakness in Winston's mind and effectively removes it. Through painful physical torture, O'Brien first teaches Winston that the Party's perspective is the accurate perspective. Next, by threatening him with carnivorous rats, O'Brien breaks Winston's loyalty to Julia. In the last scene of the novel, Winston finally comes to love Big Brother, and his transition from split loyalties to a greater single loyalty to the Party is complete.
Oceanian society presents a clear dichotomy in living conditions. The small Inner Party lives luxuriously, with servants and lush, well-furnished apartments. Party members, on the other hand, live in run-down single-room apartments with no amenities and low-quality, tasteless food. The proles live in absolute poverty. The chasm between poverty and wealth in the novel is striking, and is most noticeable during Winston's forays into prole society. The buildings the proles live in are decaying, and the city of London is filled with bombed-out ruins. While the Inner Party comforts itself with luxury, the citizens of Oceania suffer, getting by with the bare minimum in a dying city.
Orwell presents this dichotomy to demonstrate how totalitarian societies promote the wealth of the ruling regime while decreasing the quality of life for all other members of society. Such governments often tout their hopes for establishing an equal society when in reality the separation between their living conditions and those of the citizens is vast. Winston looks out on the city of London and sees a dying world. Meanwhile, O'Brien looks out on the city of London and sees a society trapped in a single moment in time, defined and controlled by the Party.
As previously noted, technology is an extremely important tool that the Party uses to maintain control over its citizens. Without telescreens, the Thought Police would not be nearly as effective, and propaganda would not be so widespread. The constant supervision of the telescreen effectively imprisons citizens of Oceania in their daily lives: they are always under observation.
Ironically, other areas of technological development are strikingly stagnant. For example, the printing machines in the Ministry of Truth are still quite basic, and each superstate continues to build the same bombs that were used decades before. Scientific progress has halted, except where it serves the Party's goals (such as in artificial insemination or new methods for psychological manipulation). In the world of Oceania there is no such as thing as progress for the sake of progress; there is only power for the sake of power. When technological developments serve this power, they are encouraged. When they do not, they are stopped.
Newspeak plays an extremely important role in Oceanian society and in the Party's control over its population. As Syme says, Newspeak reduces and limits the number of words in the English language, and removes words used to describe rebellion or independence (with the ultimate goal being to remove citizens' ability to think anti-Party thoughts). Interestingly, the Party works to form a language around itself rather than naturally accepting and assuming the language of the people that make up the country. In this way, language is used as yet another mechanism of mind control.
Removing a nation's original language serves to reduce the importance of a nation's past. Languages develop over centuries, and are deeply intertwined with culture and history. Redefining and forcing a language on a population, as was often done in the postcolonial era, denies that society its individuality. The Party meets this goal with great efficiency.
The Question and Answer section for 1984 is a great resource to ask questions, find answers, and discuss the novel.
Describe OâBriens apartment and lifestyle. How do they differ from Winstonâs?
From the text:
It was only on very rare occasions that one saw inside the dwelling-places of the Inner Party, or even penetrated into the quarter of the town where they lived. The whole atmosphere of the huge block of flats, the richness and...
What was the result of Washington exam
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how is one put into the inner or outer party in the book 1984
The Outer Party is a huge government bureaucracy. They hold positions of trust but are largely responsible for keeping the totalitarian structure of Big Brother functional. The Outer Party numbers around 18 to 19 percent of the population and the...
1984 study guide contains a biography of George Orwell, literature essays, quiz questions, major themes, characters, and a full summary and analysis.
1984 essays are academic essays for citation. These papers were written primarily by students and provide critical analysis of 1984 by George Orwell.
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Student Prompt: Write a short (1-3 paragraph) response using one of the below bulleted outlines. Cite details from the play over the course of your response that serve as examples and support.
1. A textâs atmosphere is a feeling created through the details and language used to describe setting.
2. Winston believes that there is something essentially different about the impact the Party has on proles versus the impact it has on Party members.
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George Orwell was born in 1903 in Motihari, India, under the name Eric Arthur Blair. In his web article about Orwell, George Woodcock explains Orwell grew up in an atmosphere of âimpoverished snobberyâ (2018). At an early age his parents sent him to a preparatory...
George Orwell's dystopian vision of an authoritarianism society, in his novel 1984, was not as far-fetched as those during his time once believed. There are numerous parallels between 1984 and present day governments around the world, including the United States government. The connections are sometimes...
âThe best books... are those that tell you what you know already.â In the weeks following the âinaugurationâ of Donald J. Trump, the sales of George Orwellâs most distinguished novel skyrocketed. 1984 flew off the virtual shelves as it hit Amazonâs best-selling book in January...
âAre living in 1984?â - this question can be asked by the readers of the 1984 book by George Orwell. To be more accurate, we should ask, if we live in totalitarian system. Unfortunately, the answer might be really concerned for many people. Despite of...
Being a man born into the first half of the twentieth century, George Orwell was forced to endure both World Wars, as well as the start of the Cold War. His experience with national relations and the lessons that war brings allowed him to pen...
Best topics on 1984
1. Comparison of “V for Vendetta” and “1984”
2. Surveillance in George Orwell’s “1984”: The Perils of Totalitarian Control
3. The Dynamics of Power in George Orwell’s “1984”
4. Government Surveillance in George Orwell’s “1984”: The Illusion of Security
5. The Viability of a Society Based on Hate in George Orwell’s “1984”
6. Propaganda and Manipulation in George Orwell’s “1984”
7. The Human Experience in George Orwell’s “1984”
8. “Brave New World” and “1984”: Comparison of the Depiction of Power and Control
9. “Animal Farm” and “1984”: Comparison of George Orwellâs Notable Novels
10. 1984′ Book Review: Anomalies and Paradoxes of Human Behaviour
11. Theme, Setting and Symbolism in 1984: an Overview of Orwell’s Novel
12. 1984 Compared to Today: George Orwell’s Use of Themes in the Novel
13. 1984 Compared to Today: Comparison of Technology in the Book and Today
14. The Characterization And Orwell’s Mood In 1984
15. Allegory Elements In George Orwell’s 1984
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Written in the mid-nineteenth century, this story has not lost its popularity to this day. It conquers more and more hearts, captivates readers, and encourages them to look into the mystery of love. Jane Eyre is an orphan who was renounced by her aunt when she was raised in an orphanage. Edward Rochester is a wealthy English aristocrat who owned two large, albeit gloomy-looking estates, Thornfield Hall and Ferndin.
The pseudonym George Orwell appeared when he published his first book, Down and Out in Paris and London, in 1934.
Both Jane and Edward are looking for their happiness. She is in a small world, which seems to her infinitely wide, and he – in a wide, but, in his opinion, infinitely small. One day, the characters meet, and then a sincere, passionate feeling flares up between them, which changes their destinies and makes both the gloomy Thornfield Hall and the even gloomier Ferndin startle.
First of all, you need to read the book carefully and find out what the author’s main idea is. Then you can divide it into several parts and make a list of them.
You can also do some research and find out more about the subject that interests you. If you have already chosen a topic, then write down all the information about it in one place so that you don’t forget anything important.
Once you’ve found out everything about your topic, start writing an outline for your essay. This will help you stay focused on what you should write about in each paragraph as well as how many paragraphs there should be in total (usually 3-4).
1984 is a novel that was written by George Orwell in 1949. It is a dystopian novel, meaning that it describes a society that has become very bad. In this essay, we will discuss 5 tips on how to write 1984 essay.
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Orwell’s life was transformed by the unexpected success of Animal Farm. The financial freedom allowed him to write 1984.
Orwell wrote the manuscript for 1984 over a span of about 18 months â June 1947 to December 1948 â on the island of Jura, in the Scottish Hebrides, between periods of hospitalization for tuberculosis.
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Description: | Nineteen Eighty-Four is a dystopian social science fiction novel and cautionary tale written by English writer George Orwell. It was published on 8 June 1949 by Secker & Warburg as Orwell's ninth and final book completed in his lifetime. |
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Originally published: | June 8, 1949 |
Pages: | 328 |
Genre: | Dystopian, political fiction, social science fiction |
Set in: | London, Airstrip One, Oceania |
Characters: | Big Brother, Winston Smith, Julia, Emmanuel Goldstein, O'Brien, Syme |
Famous quotes: | 'Who controls the past' ran the Party slogan, 'controls the future: who controls the present controls the past. 'â |
Reading time: | The average reader will spend 5 hours and 55 minutes reading this book at 250 WPM (words per minute). |
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The power of manipulation and fear in george orwell 1984.
The power of manipulation and fear in George Orwell 1984 âWhen you give the government the power to control the money supply, it grows like a tumour until it extinguishes society itselfâ(Stephen Molyneux). In George Orwellâs novel 1984, it is evident Orwell is trying emphasize...
There are serious political topics that Orwell touches on in â1984â, and many overlook other themes. He was felt afflicted because of the possibility that future governments would shift toward totalitarianism. There is a sustainable lesson that comes from this literature, it is the lesson...
In Orwellâs 1984, the theme in the first quarter of the novel is false sense of identity. It begins with a society controlled the power of fascism and their leader, Big Brother. They controlled everything a person did. In every room, the government has telescreens...
What does unite the world? It is the ability to communicate on one level or another. Communication is the core need of any society. The basic mean of communication is language. A lot of authors wrote about the value of language and its beauty. But...
Many people have had suspicions about technology giving confidential information to the government. Surveillance has been a controversial issue for a long time and still to this day, many people have not been able to have the privacy of their own and are controlled. In...
âWho controls the past controls the future. Who controls the present controls the past.â â George Orwell, 1984 Nineteen eighty-four (1984Â ) is a Dystopia story - what could be regarded as the worst possible life,a political satire novel written by George Orwell. The story is...
Language is a potent tool, capable of shaping our thoughts, emotions, and actions. It has the remarkable ability to convey complex ideas, evoke powerful emotions, and inspire profound change. In literature, the power of language is on full display, as authors wield words to craft...
As I was sitting in the Chestnut Tree Cafe, a divine thought straight from the mind of god struck me and I realised: ignoring isnât the same as ignorance, you have to work at it. This thought was entirely true I thought, but I had...
Irony is a literary term that has three subcategories and is commonly used in writing. The three types of irony are dramatic irony, situational irony, and verbal irony. In â1984 âby George Orwell, all three subcategories of irony are used to highlight the injustice that...
We influence the past as much as the past influences us. The present influences our memories of the past as much as they remain alive in our present. Past and present are two different realities that interwine with each other and their relationship is often...
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George Orwell
United Kingdom
Dystopian, political fiction, social science fiction
8 June 1949
The main purpose is to warn readers of the dangers of totalitarianism and the central focus is to convey the extreme level of control and power possible under a truly totalitarian regime.
Big Brother, The Glass Paperweight and St. Clement's Church, The Place Where There Is No Darkness, The Telescreens, The Red-Armed Prole Woman.
Nationalism, Futurology, Censorship, Surveillance, Poverty and inequality
Winston Smith, OâBrien, Julia
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