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Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science Theses and Dissertations

Theses/dissertations from 2023 2023.

Development and Validation of a Spanish Nutrition Screening Tool for Hispanic American 3 to 5-Year-Olds , Denisse Arias Olivas

Thermal Inactivation of Salmonella, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus faecium NRRL B-2354 in Pasta Matrices , Kristi Shannon Gowans

Prevalence and Predictors of Intern-Related Burnout in Dietetics Preceptors , Holly Hopkins

Utilizing Isothermal Titration Calorimetry to Measure β-galactosidase Activity in Dairy Products , Tyler Ronald Jarrard

Development of a Valid and Reliable Survey to Assess Personal, Behavioral, and Environmental Factors Surrounding Food Insecurity in a College Population , Jennette Kilgrow

A Comparison of Kid Goat Lipase and Microbial Lipase on the Development of Cheddar Cheese Flavor , Reece H. Larsen

Effect of Timing of Energy Intake on Blood Glucose and Body Composition in Women with Overweight or Class One Obesity , Michael Wade Smith

Use of Microcalorimetry to Evaluate Hardening Reactions in Protein Bars During Accelerated Storage , Tiffany Rose Spackman

Theses/Dissertations from 2022 2022

Isothermal Inactivation Studies of Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella, and Enterococcus faecium NRRL B-2354 in Almond, Peanut, and Sunflower Butters , Ruo Fen Liao

Localized Heat Therapy Improves Mitochondrial Function in Human Skeletal Muscle , Erik D. Marchant

Amino Acids as Alternatives to Emulsifying Salts in Processed Cheese Analogues , Jeremy Thomas Pack

Effects of Microbial Transglutaminase on Gluten-Free Sourdough Bread Structure and Loaf Characteristics , Anna J. Redd

Theses/Dissertations from 2021 2021

Characterization of Bacteriophage Targeting Bacillus licheniformis in Milk Processes and Thermal Stability of Bacteriophage During HTST Pasteurization , Jeremy Robert Arbon

Current Practices in Residential Treatment of Co-Occuring Eating Disorders and Type 1 Diabetes , Megan Michelle Austin

Mixture Design Response Surface Methodology Analysis of Seven Natural Bioactive Compounds to Treat Prostate Cancer , Ian Geddes Berlin

Utilizing Isothermal Titration Calorimetry for Measuring Beta-Galactosidase Activity in Liquid Dairy Products , Eliza Anne Brock

The Beneficial Effects of The Gut-Derived Metabolite Trimethylamine N-oxide on Functional β-Cell Mass , Emily Suzanne Krueger

Ice Cream Formulation Optimization Using "Consumer-Friendly" Hydrocolloid Stabilizers , Benjamin Todd Woodward

Theses/Dissertations from 2020 2020

Metabolomics of Acid Whey Derived from Greek Yogurt , Muriel Mercedes Allen

Cronobacter sakazakii Genes Contributing to Persistencein Low-Moisture Dairy Matrices , Kaitlin Ash Hartmann

Activity, Stability, and Binding Capacity of β-Galactosidase Immobilized on Electrospun Nylon-6 Fiber Membrane , Deborah Ann Hutchins

Blend Uniformity and Vitamin Stability in Dairy-Based Foods Fortified with Lipid-Encapsulated Ferrous Sulfate , Garth Anthony Lee

Isothermal Inactivation of Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes, and Enterococcus faecium NRRL-B 2354 in Peanut Butter, Powder Infant Formula, and Wheat Flour , Adam Robert Quinn

Dairy Milk and Plant-Based Alternative Beverage Purchasing Factors: Consumer Insights , Jeffrey Alan Rime

A Rapid Spectrophotometric Assay for Quantifying Seed Coat Saponins in Quinoa , Sydney Diver Szabo

Theses/Dissertations from 2019 2019

Leaf Fiber Strength and Fruit Nutrient Content of Yucca Species Native to the Navajo Nation , Anna Therese Bartlett

An Observational Study of Physicochemical Changes in Cheddar Enzyme-Modified Cheese During Incubation , David Gary Doxey

Sensory Acceptability and Nutrient Stability in Micronutrient-Fortified Soymilk Prepared in Small-Scale Batch Processes , Dallin Max Hardy

Theses/Dissertations from 2018 2018

Comparison of Functional, Nutritional, and Sensory Properties of Spray-Dried and Oven-Dried Cricket ( Acheta domesticus ) Powder , Fred Stephen Bassett

Carbon Dioxide Treatment on Strawberry Fruit Prep and Its Effect on Shelf Life , Bryan Sterling Dawson

Optimization of Oat Amylase During Sprouting to Enhance Sugar Production , Erin Elizabeth Hiatt

Effects of Acid Whey Marination on Tenderness, Sensory and Other Quality Parameters of Beef Eye of Round , Jason Kim

Application of Mixture Design Response Surface Methodology for Combination Chemotherapy in PC-3 Human Prostate Cancer Cells , Richard Vernon Oblad

Evaluation of Pigments from a Purple Variety of Atriplex hortensis L. for Use in Food Applications , Eva Graciela Vila Roa

Theses/Dissertations from 2017 2017

Textural, Color and Sensory Attributes of Fruits and Vegetables Dried Using Electric Forced-Air and Solar Dehydrators , Edward Wayne Crossen

Handgrip Strength in Children with Cystic Fibrosis , Hannah Taylor Gibson

Teacher Perceptions of School Breakfast Programs in Utah , Emily Breanne Krueger

Effects of GM Disclosure Statements on Consumer Perceptions of Selected Food Products in Survey and Sensory Panel Settings , Ellyn Margaret Newcomb

The Effect of Cocoa Flavanols on β-Cell Mass and Function , Thomas John Rowley

Effects of Curcumin and Ursolic Acid on the Mitochondrial Coupling Efficiency and Hydrogen Peroxide Emission of Intact Skeletal Myoblasts , Daniel J. Tueller

Correlation of SPME-GC-MS Volatile Compounds with Descriptive Sensory Odor Analysis of Whole Wheat and Quinoa Flours in Accelerated Storage , Sarah Snow Turner

Theses/Dissertations from 2016 2016

Overexpression of HDAC1 Induces Functional β-cell Mass , Carrie Draney

Comparing Steady State to Time Interval Measurements of Resting Metabolic Rate , Chelsea Jayne Irving

Malnutrition and Handgrip Strength in Hospitalized and Non-Hospitalized Children 6-14 Years Old , Kayla Camille Jensen

The Effect of Monetary Reward and Food Type on Motivation of Untrained Sensory Panelists in Triangle Tests , Jessilee Noel Loucks

Inhibition of Clostridium Perfringens Growth During Extended Cooling of Cooked Uncured Roast Turkey and Roast Beef Using a Concentrated Buffered Vinegar Product and a Buffered Vinegar Product , Andrew Mitchell Smith

Theses/Dissertations from 2015 2015

Effects of Panelist Participation Frequency and Questionnaire Design on Overall Acceptance Scoring for Food Sensory Evaluation in Consumer Central Location Tests , Mauresa Bastian

Selection and Use of Pantoea dispersa strain JFS as a Non-Pathogenic Surrogate for Salmonella Typhimurium Phage Type 42 in Flour , James R. Fudge

Folate Stability in Fortified Corn Masa Flour, Tortillas, and Tortilla Chips , Renee Phillips

Stability of Whole Wheat Flour, Rolled Oats, and Brown Rice During Long-Term Storage and Preparation , Victoria Elizabeth Scott

Evaluation of Breastfeeding Curricula in Didactic Programs in Dietetics and Dietetic Internships Across the United States , Maria Diane Swiss

Stability of Selected B Vitamins in Thermally-Treated Pinto Beans , Virginia Anne West

Theses/Dissertations from 2013 2013

Utah Red Raspberry Jam: The Effects of Formulation, Heating, and Time on Color, Flavor, Texture, and Antioxidant Capacity , Jennifer Leigh Chase

Construction and Performance Testing of a Mixed Mode Solar Food Dryer for Use in Developing Countries , Sean Andrew Foster

Emergency Preparedness in Utah Households with Emphasis on Water and Food Storage Conditions , Stephanie Rae Gerla

College Students' Fruit, Vegetable, and Sugar Sweetened Beverage Intake According to Dinner Group Participation , Erica Nicole Hansen

The Protective Effect of Antioxidants on Vitamin A Stability in Nonfat Dry Milk During Thermally Accelerated Storage , Amalie Brown Kurzer

Reading and Listening to Music Increase Resting Energy Expenditure During Indirect Calorimetry in Healthy Adults , Blaire Snell

Effect of Enrichment-Bleaching and Low Oxygen Atmosphere Storage on All-Purpose Wheat Flour Quality , Jonathan Myers Swindler

Theses/Dissertations from 2012 2012

Microflora of Traditional Mexican Corn Masa and Its Effect on Folic Acid Degradation , Stephen J. Adolphson

Exposure to Dietary Selenium and Soy Isoflavones in Utero Provides Greater Protection Against Prostate Cancer Risk Factors in TRAMP Mice than Exposure Beginning at 6 Weeks , Heather Schofield Lindsay

An Investigation of Current Practice in Management Rotations in Dietetic Internships , Emily K. Vaterlaus

Theses/Dissertations from 2011 2011

Maternal, Neonatal and Feeding Type Factors Associated with Severity of Necrotizing Enterocolitis , Cheryl Ann Miner

Changes in Fruit and Vegetable Household Food Availability Among Low-Income Families over a One-Month Period of Time , Ann Alicia Wells

Theses/Dissertations from 2010 2010

Qualitative Description of College Students' Dinner Groups , Brita Michelle Ball

The Effects of Chronic AMPK Activation on Hepatic Triglyceride Accumulation and Glycerol-3-Phosphate AcyltransferaseActivity with High Fat Feeding , Mary E. Curtis

Factors Influencing Shopping, Cooking, and Eating Behaviors Among Low-Income Families During a One-Month Period of Time , Janice Darko

Beta Galactosidose Activity of Commercial Lactase Samples in Raw and Pasteurized Milk at Refrigerated Temperatures , Trenton W. Horner

Change in Eating Competence in College Students Enrolled in Basic Nutrition Courses , Katrina J. Larsen

Effects of Duration of Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) Therapy on Markers of Bone Health in Men and Postmenopausal Women , Zarina Maria Pabin

Chemopreventive Effects of Dietary Selenium and Soy Isoflavones in a Mouse Model of Prostate Cancer , Trevor Elisha Quiner

Development and Use of a Physiologically Based Mathematical Model Describing the Relationships and Contributions of Macronutrients to Weight and Body Composition Changes , Saori Sakita

Accelerated Shelf Life Determination of Antioxidant Stabilized High Oleic Sunflower and Canola Oils in Plastic Bottles , Christine Nicole Shearer

Conditions Associated with Clostridium sporogenes Growth as a Surrogate for Clostridium botulinum in Non-thermally Processed Canned Butter , Reed H. Taylor

Contributing Factors to Excess Weight Gain During Pregnancy Among Low Income Women in Utah , Tianna Noelle Watson

Effect of Upward Feedback on the Gap Between Manager and Subordinate Perception of Manager Behavior , Jessica Beesley Zetterquist

Theses/Dissertations from 2009 2009

Factors Affecting Folic Acid Stability in Micronutrient Fortified Corn Tortillas , Jordan S. Chapman

Theses/Dissertations from 2008 2008

Characteristics of Volunteer Leaders in the American Dietetic Association Compared to Non-Volunteer Registered Dietitians , Samantha Payne Rasmussen

Theses/Dissertations from 2007 2007

Effect of the consumption of farm animals on the diet and hemoglobin levels of school age children in the rural communities of Topo, Imbabura, Gualabi, Calpaqui, and Compania of the Imbabura province , Alexandra Echeverría

Registered Dietitian Dress and The Effect of Dietitian Dress on Perceived Professionalism , Connie Lynn Packer

Theses/Dissertations from 2005 2005

Development of a process of addition of tricalcium phosphate from burnt phosphate rock in feed for animal nutrition , Luis Fernando Nogales Grágeda

The Effect of Religiosity and Spirituality on Transformatinal Leadership Characteristics of Hospital Food and Nutrition Managers , Anna Naegle Sarver

Theses/Dissertations from 2004 2004

Body Mass Index and Soft Drink Consumption Among Adolescents , Olivia Love McCord

The Effect of Religiosity and Spirituality on Work Practices and Trust Levels in Managers and their Subordinates in Food and Nutrition Care Departments , Jennifer S. Oler

The Effects of Selenium on Estrogen-regulated Gene Expression in LNCaP Prostate Cancer Cells , Tory L. Parker

Theses/Dissertations from 2003 2003

Determination of home techniques for storing and conserving food in the homes of Cuambo and La Rinconada in Imbabura province, 2001-2002 , Marisol Caicedo Barrios

Determination of seric retinol levels in relation to consumed diet and the prevalence of anemia in preschool- and school-aged children in the communities of Cuambo and La Rinconada, Imbabura province , Verónica Chávez

Analysis of Weight-Related Advertisements and Nutrition Articles in Popular Women's Magazines , Jennifer Cardall Jacobson

Design and application of a nutrition education program based on a test of improved practices for pregnant women and women of childbearing age in La Rinconada and Cuambo , Odila Nicaragua

The Effectiveness of Consuming Fortified Foods (API) with iron on the anemia ferropriva in resident students to great altitude of the rural area of the Departemento of La Paz , Beatriz Julia Ramirez Copa

Theses/Dissertations from 2002 2002

Elaboration of Noodles, Enriched with Kidney Bean in the Communities of Cuambo and the Rinconada of the Canton Ibarra Province of Imbabura , Irma Meneses

Theses/Dissertations from 2001 2001

Nutritional Food and Health Education with Instructive Lessons in the Community School of La Rinconada, Cantón Ibarra, Province of Imbabura , Olga Maria Gómez Chirán

Eating, Nutrition and of Health Diagnostic of the Elementary Schools of the Communities of Guambo and the Rinconada, Province of Imbabura 2002-2001 , Ruth Muriel

Food, nutrition, and health education with educational lessons in the Cuambo community school, Ibarra canton, Imbabura province , Fanny Margoth Victoria Recalde

Theses/Dissertations from 2000 2000

The Availability and the Use of Basic Services in Relation to the Nutritional Status, Acute Diarrhetic Diseases and Acute Respiratory Infections in Children Under five Years of Age in Three Rural Communities of the Imbabura Province during the 1998-1999 Period , Margarita Caicedo Ceron

Elaboration and Validation of the Educational Material Used in Nutritional Education in the Communities of Copalacaya, Choquenaira, Callisaya, and Muruamaya, of the Providence Ingavi of the Department of La Paz 1998 , Maria Isabel Mercado Miranda

Relation between Internal Parasites with Basic Services and the Nutritional Status of Children Five Years of Age in the Indigenous, Black and Mestizo Communities of the Rural Area, Imbabura Province , R. Patricio Paguay Ruiz

Relationship between intestinal parasitosis with the basic services, and the nutritional state of children under the age of five of black, native, and mestizo ethnicities in the rural area of the province of Imbabura 1998-1999 , Carlos Rosero

Application of dietary guidelines for Guatemala in three rural communities of Chiquimula , Sandra Liseth Salazar Donis

Knowledge, attitudes and practices concerning alimentary customs and beliefs of women with children younger than 5 years old, nursing and pregnant mothers, of the following ethnic groups: black, mixed race and natives in three rural regions of the Imbabura province, 1998-1999 , Elva Susana Yacelga Calderon

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Defining a Healthy Diet: Evidence for the Role of Contemporary Dietary Patterns in Health and Disease

Hellas cena.

1 Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy

2 Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Service, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, ICS Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy

Philip C. Calder

3 Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK

4 NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK

The definition of what constitutes a healthy diet is continually shifting to reflect the evolving understanding of the roles that different foods, essential nutrients, and other food components play in health and disease. A large and growing body of evidence supports that intake of certain types of nutrients, specific food groups, or overarching dietary patterns positively influences health and promotes the prevention of common non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Greater consumption of health-promoting foods and limited intake of unhealthier options are intrinsic to the eating habits of certain regional diets such as the Mediterranean diet or have been constructed as part of dietary patterns designed to reduce disease risk, such as the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) or Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diets. In comparison with a more traditional Western diet, these healthier alternatives are higher in plant-based foods, including fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grains, legumes, seeds, and nuts and lower in animal-based foods, particularly fatty and processed meats. To better understand the current concept of a “healthy diet,” this review describes the features and supporting clinical and epidemiologic data for diets that have been shown to prevent disease and/or positively influence health. In total, evidence from epidemiological studies and clinical trials indicates that these types of dietary patterns reduce risks of NCDs including cardiovascular disease and cancer.

1. Introduction

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes, obesity, and cognitive impairment are among the leading causes of death and disability throughout the world, affecting populations in developed as well as developing countries [ 1 ]. Although there are established genetic and environmental contributors to NCD risk, modifiable lifestyle-related factors play a large role at the individual level [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. Dietary choices, for example, contribute to the risk for developing hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, overweight/obesity, and inflammation, which in turn increase the risk for diseases that are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer [ 5 ]. Indeed, the marked rise in chronic NCDs has a causal link to global dietary patterns that are becoming increasingly Westernized [ 6 ], being characterized by high levels of fatty and processed meats, saturated fats, refined grains, salt, and sugars but lacking in fresh fruits and vegetables.

In recognition of the importance of the diet as a determinant of disease risk, the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases includes strategies for addressing unhealthy diet patterns among its initiatives directed at reducing behavioral risk factors; the other components comprise physical inactivity, tobacco use, and harmful alcohol use [ 1 ]. Dietary changes recommended by WHO include balancing energy intake, limiting saturated and trans fats and shifting toward consumption of unsaturated fats, increasing intake of fruits and vegetables, and limiting the intake of sugar and salt. Many of these dietary targets naturally occur in regional diets such as the Mediterranean diet [ 7 ] or are included as part of evidence-based diets designed to reduce disease risk, such as the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) [ 8 ] or Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) [ 9 ] diets. To better understand the current concept of a “healthy diet”, this narrative review describes the features and supporting clinical and epidemiologic data for diets that align with the general WHO guidance and have been shown to prevent disease and/or positively influence health.

2. Components of a Healthy Diet and Their Benefits

A healthy diet is one in which macronutrients are consumed in appropriate proportions to support energetic and physiologic needs without excess intake while also providing sufficient micronutrients and hydration to meet the physiologic needs of the body [ 10 ]. Macronutrients (i.e., carbohydrates, proteins, and fats) provide the energy necessary for the cellular processes required for daily functioning [ 11 ]. Micronutrients (i.e., vitamins and minerals) are required in comparatively small amounts for normal growth, development, metabolism, and physiologic functioning [ 12 , 13 ].

Carbohydrates are the primary source of energy in the diet and are found in the greatest abundance in grains, fruits, legumes, and vegetables [ 14 ]. In terms of deriving a health benefit, whole grains are preferred over processed grains, the latter having been stripped of germ and bran during the milling process, resulting in lower amounts of fiber and micronutrients [ 15 ]. Meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies have linked increased whole-grain intake to a reduced risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, cardiovascular disease, and cancer, as well as to the decreased risk of mortality due to any cause, cardiovascular disease, cancer, respiratory disease, diabetes, and infectious disease [ 15 , 16 , 17 ]. Fresh fruits and vegetables supply energy as well as dietary fiber, which promotes the feeling of satiety and has positive effects on gastrointestinal function, cholesterol levels, and glycemic control [ 18 ]. In addition, fresh fruits and vegetables are key sources of phytochemicals (e.g., polyphenols, phytosterols, carotenoids), which are bioactive compounds believed to confer many of the health benefits associated with fruit and vegetable consumption [ 19 ]. The mechanistic effects of these various phytochemicals are unclear but include their antioxidative properties, as well as their role in regulating nuclear transcription factors, fat metabolism, and inflammatory mediators. For example, flavonoids have been shown to increase insulin secretion and reduce insulin resistance, suggesting that these phytochemicals provide some benefits in obesity and diabetes [ 20 ]. Additionally, polyphenols interact with gastrointestinal microbiota in a bi-directional manner by enhancing gut bacteria and being metabolized by these bacteria to form more bioactive compounds [ 20 ]. Fruit and vegetable intake has been shown to inversely correlate with the risk of NCDs, including hypertension [ 21 ], cardiovascular disease [ 22 , 23 ], chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [ 24 ], lung cancer [ 25 ], and metabolic syndrome [ 26 ].

Dietary proteins provide a source of energy as well as amino acids, including those that the human body requires but cannot produce on its own (i.e., essential amino acids). Dietary proteins are derived from both animal (meat, dairy, fish, and eggs) and plant (legumes, soya products, grains, nuts, and seeds) sources, with the former considered a richer source due to the array of amino acids, high digestibility, and greater bioavailability [ 27 ]. However, animal-based sources of protein contain saturated fatty acids, which have been linked to cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, and certain cancers. Although the mechanisms are unclear, red meat, and processed meat in particular, have been associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer [ 28 , 29 ]. Animal-derived proteins also increase the dietary acid load, tipping the body’s acid-base balance toward acidosis [ 30 , 31 ]. The increased metabolic acid load has been linked to insulin resistance, impaired glucose homeostasis, and the development of urinary calcium stones [ 30 , 31 ].

Adequate dietary protein intake is important for maintaining lean body mass throughout the life span. In older adults, protein plays an important role in preventing age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass [ 32 ], preserving bone mass, and reducing fracture risk [ 33 ]. For older individuals not obtaining adequate protein from their diets, supplementation with amino acids can improve strength and functional status [ 34 ].

Fats (or lipids) are the primary structural components of cellular membranes and are also sources of cellular energy [ 35 ]. Dietary fats fall into 4 categories: monounsaturated fats, polyunsaturated fats, saturated fats, and trans fats. The fat content of food is generally an admixture of these different types [ 35 ]. Unsaturated fats are found in a variety of foods, including fish, many plant-derived oils, nuts, and seeds, whereas animal products (and some plant-derived oils) contribute a larger proportion of saturated fats [ 35 , 36 ]. Trans fats found in foods are predominantly the result of processing vegetable oils but are also present in small quantities in animal products (i.e., ruminant trans fats from cows, sheep, and goats) [ 35 , 36 ]. Among the types of dietary fats, unsaturated fats are associated with reduced cardiovascular and mortality risks, whereas trans fats and, to a lesser degree, saturated fats are associated with negative impacts on health, including increased mortality risk [ 36 , 37 ]. Two families of polyunsaturated fatty acids, omega-3 and omega-6, are described as essential fatty acids, because they are required for normal growth and reproduction but are not produced by the body and, therefore, must be obtained from dietary sources [ 10 ]. Omega-3 fatty acids, in particular, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), have been widely studied for their potential health benefits, with evidence suggesting positive effects including cardioprotection, preventing cognitive decline, reducing inflammation, sustaining muscle mass, and improving systemic insulin resistance [ 38 , 39 , 40 ]. Seafood, especially oily fish, provides EPA and DHA, and supplements are widely available for those not meeting recommended intakes with diet alone [ 41 , 42 ]. Nuts and some seeds and plant oils provide alpha-linolenic acid, the major plant omega-3 fatty acid [ 43 ].

Although required in trace amounts compared with macronutrients, micronutrients are necessary for normal growth, metabolism, physiologic functioning, and cellular integrity [ 12 , 13 ]. The shift from whole foods to processed, refined foods has reduced the micronutrient quality of the modern Western diet [ 44 ]. Vitamin and mineral inadequacies have been implicated in cellular aging and late-onset disease, as scarcity drives chronic metabolic disruption. Keeping with these observations, adequate dietary intake of, or supplementation with, micronutrients that have antioxidant properties (e.g., vitamins A, C, and E, copper, zinc, and selenium) has been suggested as a means to reduce the risk for and progression of age-related diseases [ 45 ].

Water is the principal component of the body, constituting the majority of lean body mass and total body weight [ 13 ]. Water not only provides hydration but also carries micronutrients, including trace elements and electrolytes [ 46 , 47 ]. Drinking water may supply as much as 20% of the daily recommended intake of calcium and magnesium [ 47 ]. Our understanding of water requirements and water’s effect on health and disease is limited, although the global increase in intake of high-calorie beverages has refocused attention on the importance of water for maintaining health and preventing disease [ 46 ].

3. Common Health-Promoting Dietary Patterns

Based on our understanding of nutritional requirements and their likely health impacts as described above, healthy dietary patterns can be generally described as those that are rich in health-promoting foods, including plant-based foods, fresh fruits and vegetables, antioxidants, soya, nuts, and sources of omega-3 fatty acids, and low in saturated fats and trans fats, animal-derived proteins, and added/refined sugars [ 48 ]. Patterns such as these are naturally occurring in certain regions of the world and rooted in local/regional tradition and food sources, as is the case for the traditional Mediterranean and Asian diets. Healthy dietary patterns have also been developed based on studies of nutrient intake and subsequent health measures or outcomes (e.g., the DASH [ 8 ] and MIND [ 9 ] diets) that share some common characteristics ( Figure 1 ).

A generalized healthy diet and lifestyle pyramid.

3.1. Mediterranean Diet

The Mediterranean diet is based on components of the traditional dietary patterns of Euro-Mediterranean countries and encompasses not only the types of foods consumed and their relative contributions to daily nutrient intake, but also an approach to eating that is cognizant of how foods are sourced (e.g., sustainability and eco-friendliness), cooked, and eaten, as well as lifestyle considerations such as engaging in regular physical activity, getting adequate rest, and participating in fellowship when preparing and sharing meals [ 7 ]. Within the core framework of the Mediterranean diet, variations based on geography and culture are reflected in the emphasis on the inclusion of traditional and local food products. The primary basis of daily meals in the Mediterranean diet is cereals such as whole-grain bread, pastas, couscous, and other unrefined grains that are rich in fiber and a variety of fruits and vegetables of different colors and textures that are high in micronutrients, fiber, and phytochemicals ( Table 1 ) [ 7 , 9 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 ]. Dairy products, preferably low-fat yogurt, cheese, or other fermented dairy products, are recommended daily in moderation as a source of calcium, which is needed for bone and heart health. Olive oil serves as the primary source of dietary lipids and is supplemented with olives, nuts, and seeds. Water (1.5–2.0 L/day or ~8 glasses) is recommended as the main source of hydration, whereas wine and other fermented alcoholic beverages are generally permitted in moderation, to be consumed with meals. Fish, white meat, and eggs are the primary sources of protein; red meat and processed meats are consumed less frequently and in smaller portions. Legumes are also a preferred source of plant-based proteins [ 7 ].

Comparison of nutritional/lifestyle components among different healthy diet options.

a Recommendations shown here are based on a 2000 calorie per day eating plan. b Contribution of total fat and quality of fat from cheese to stay within the recommended daily intake.

The health benefits of the Mediterranean diet were first described in 1975 by Ancel Keys, who observed a reduction in cardiovascular disease risk among populations whose nutritional model was consistent with practices of peoples from the Mediterranean Basin [ 53 ]. Since that time, research has revealed beneficial effects of the Mediterranean diet on a number of NCDs and related health measures, including cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease [ 54 ], cancer [ 55 ], glycemic control [ 56 ], and cognitive function [ 57 , 58 ]. Although publication of a key intervention study (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea; PREDIMED) conducted at multiple sites across Spain and evaluating the Mediterranean diet for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease was retracted due to irregularities in randomization [ 59 ], a subsequent analysis adjusting for these issues reported a consistent positive effect of adhering to a Mediterranean diet supplemented with olive oil or nuts compared with a reduced-fat diet [ 59 ]. Substudies of PREDIMED have also shown that, compared with a low-fat control diet, the Mediterranean diet supplemented with olive oil or nuts is associated with a 30% reduced risk of major cardiovascular risk events [ 59 ] and reductions in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 5.8–7.3 mmHg and 3.3–3.4 mmHg, respectively [ 60 ]. In addition, cardiovascular factors such as mean internal carotid artery intima-media thickness (−0.084 mm; p < 0.05) and maximum plaque height (−0.091 mm; p < 0.05) are improved with the Mediterranean diet supplemented with nuts [ 61 ]. Greater intake of polyphenols (phytochemicals found in fruits, vegetables, tea, olive oil, and wine) correlated with a 36% reduced risk of hypertension ( p = 0.015) [ 62 ] and improvements in inflammatory biomarkers related to atherosclerosis (i.e., interleukin [IL]-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1; p < 0.05 for each), as well as in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C; p = 0.004) [ 62 , 63 ].

3.2. Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)

The DASH diet derives its name from the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension study, which evaluated the influence of dietary patterns on blood pressure [ 8 ]. Patients who consumed a diet that was rich in fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy and that included a reduced amount of saturated and total fat and cholesterol experienced significantly greater reductions in blood pressure than patients who consumed a control diet that was similar in composition to a typical American diet (difference in SBP/DBP, −5.5/−3.0 mmHg; p < 0.001) or a diet rich in fruits and vegetables with a reduced amount of snacks and sweets (−2.7/−1.9 mmHg; p ≤ 0.002). All 3 diets had a sodium content of 3 g per day. A subsequent study (DASH-Sodium) that explored the DASH diet or a control diet in combination with varying levels of sodium intake (high, intermediate, and low) found that the DASH diet significantly reduced SBP during the high, intermediate, and low sodium intake phases of both diets (high: −5.9 mmHg; p < 0.001; intermediate: −5.0 mmHg; p < 0.001; low: −2.2 mmHg; p < 0.05) [ 64 ]. The DASH diet also significantly reduced DBP versus the control diet during the high (−2.9 mmHg; p < 0.001) and intermediate (−2.5 mmHg; p < 0.01) sodium intake phases but not during the low intake phase (−1.0 mmHg). Although reducing sodium intake also significantly reduced blood pressure in the control diet group ( p < 0.05), the low sodium phase of the DASH diet elicited significant decreases in SBP/DBP of −8.9/−4.5 mmHg ( p < 0.001 for each) compared with high sodium intake phase of the control diet.

Subsequent controlled trials, as a whole, support the results of the DASH and DASH-Sodium studies in terms of blood pressure reduction. Moreover, these studies expanded the positive impacts of the DASH diet to include improvements in other cardiovascular risk factors or comorbidities (e.g., low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], total cholesterol, overweight/obesity, and insulin sensitivity) [ 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 ] and reductions in adverse outcomes such as development of cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, stroke, heart failure, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes (including improved pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes) [ 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 ]. Meta-analyses of studies using the DASH diet have demonstrated that LDL-C is significantly reduced by −0.1 mmol/L ( p = 0.03) [ 65 , 68 ], total cholesterol by −0.2 mmol/L ( p < 0.001) [ 65 , 68 ], body weight by −1.42 kg ( p < 0.001) [ 66 , 68 ], and fasting insulin by −0.15 μU/mL ( p < 0.001) [ 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 ]. With the DASH diet, the risk of cardiovascular disease is reduced by 20%, stroke by 19%, and heart failure by 29% ( p < 0.001 for each) [ 69 , 71 ]. The overall risk of diabetes is reduced by 18% [ 68 ], and children and adolescents with higher DASH scores (i.e., those whose diets included the highest intakes of fruits, vegetables, nuts, legumes, low-fat dairy, and whole grains) were at 64% lower risk of developing metabolic syndrome than those with the lowest DASH scores ( p = 0.023) [ 71 ]. Furthermore, rates of cesarean section decreased by 47% [ 72 ], incidence of macrosomia (birth weight > 4000 g) decreased from 39% to 4% ( p = 0.002) [ 70 ], and significantly fewer women experienced gestational diabetes that required insulin therapy on the DASH diet (23%) compared with the control diet (73%; p < 0.0001) [ 70 ].

The dietary pattern derived from the DASH study emphasizes the consumption of an array of vegetables (including colorful varieties, legumes, and starchy vegetables), fruits, fat-free or low-fat dairy products, whole grains, and various protein sources (e.g., seafood, lean meats, eggs, legumes, nuts, seeds, and soya) ( Table 1 ) [ 49 ]. Limited consumption of added sugars (< 10% of calories per day), saturated fats (< 10% of calories per day), sodium (< 2300 mg/day), and alcohol (≤ 1 drink per day for women and ≤ 2 drinks per day for men) is suggested. In addition, further reductions in blood pressure may be achievable by further reducing sodium intake, although practical challenges may limit the ability to achieve sodium intake of 1200 mg or less per day [ 49 ].

3.3. Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND)

The MIND diet combines elements of the Mediterranean and DASH diets with the goal of sustaining cognitive health throughout older age [ 9 ]. Both the Mediterranean and DASH diets have been individually linked to positive cognitive outcomes, including the prevention of cognitive decline or impairment and better cognitive performance [ 73 , 74 , 75 ]. Two high-quality cohort studies have reported associations between adherence to the MIND diet and a 53% lower risk for developing Alzheimer’s disease ( p = 0.002 for linear trend) [ 50 ] and slower declines in cognitive functioning, both overall and within specific cognitive domains (e.g., episodic, semantic, and working memory and perceptual speed and organization), such that the highest adherence rates to the MIND diet were associated with cognitive function equivalent to being 7.5 years younger [ 50 , 76 ]. Interestingly, even modest adherence to the MIND diet was associated with a 35% risk reduction for Alzheimer’s disease versus the lowest adherence group ( p = 0.002 for linear trend), whereas high adherence was needed to demonstrate 54% and 39% risk reductions with the Mediterranean and DASH diets, respectively; high adherence to the Mediterranean and DASH diet showed a statistically significant benefit [ 50 ].

The MIND diet focuses on increasing the intake of fresh fruits and vegetables and emphasizes brain-healthy foods such as green leafy vegetables, nuts, berries, beans, whole grains, fish, poultry, olive oil, and wine in moderation ( Table 1 ) [ 9 , 50 ]. Additionally, foods that are thought to be unhealthy for the brain, such as red meats, butter/margarine, cheese, pastries, sweets, and fried or fast food, are limited [ 9 ]. The specificity regarding the types of foods on the healthy and unhealthy lists differentiates MIND from the Mediterranean or DASH diets [ 50 ].

3.4. Nordic Diet

Iterations of a Nordic diet (e.g., the healthy Nordic diet, New Nordic Diet) arose from the desire to translate the Mediterranean, DASH, and other health-promoting diets into a regionally tailored dietary pattern that uses traditional, local Nordic foods and would be attractive to the public, sustainable, and eco-friendly [ 77 , 78 ]. Overarching tenets of the New Nordic Diet are to consume more (1) calories from plant sources and fewer from animal sources, (2) foods from seas and lakes, and (3) foods from the wild countryside [ 78 , 79 ]. A generalized Nordic dietary pattern would include green leafy vegetables, other vegetables, fruits, fish and seafood, potatoes, berries, whole grains (e.g., wheat, rye, oats, barley), nuts, low-fat dairy products, rapeseed, sunflower, and/or soya oils and limited intake of fresh red meat and sugar [ 78 , 80 ]. Specific dietary recommendations based on the NORDIET clinical trial are presented in Table 1 [ 51 ].

The randomized, controlled NORDIET study compared a healthy Nordic diet with a control diet (the participant’s usual Western diet) [ 77 ]. Over 6 weeks, the Nordic diet improved the lipid profile (including a 0.98 mmol/L reduction in total cholesterol [ p < 0.0001] and a 0.83 mmol/L reduction in LDL-C [ p < 0.001]), lowered SBP by 6.6 mmHg ( p = 0.008), and improved insulin sensitivity (homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance decreased 0.11; p = 0.01) compared with the control diet. Those on the Nordic diet also experienced a 3.0 kg decrease in body weight ( p < 0.001) despite food being available ad libitum.

Results from subsequent studies conducted using Nordic diet variations are consistent with those from studies with the NORDIET study, demonstrating improvements relative to the control diet in blood lipid profile (LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, −0.15; p = 0.046) [ 81 ], inflammation (IL-1 receptor antagonist, −84 ng/L; p < 0.001) [ 81 ], blood pressure (DBP, −4.4 mmHg ( p = 0.001), and mean arterial pressure (−4.2 mmHg; p = 0.006) among patients with metabolic syndrome [ 82 ] and weight loss (−3.22 kg; p < 0.001) [ 83 ] and blood pressure reduction (SBP/DBP, −5.13/−3.24 mmHg; p < 0.05) in individuals with obesity [ 83 ]. Compared with baseline values, one study demonstrated blood pressure reductions of −6.9 mmHg (SBP) and −3.2 mmHg (DBP; p < 0.01) [ 83 , 84 ]. Additionally, a study conducted in children reported an improvement in omega-3 fatty acid status with the Nordic diet that was associated with improvements in school performance ( p < 0.05) [ 85 ]. A systematic review parsing the individual components of the Nordic diet found that evidence supported the protective effects of eating whole grains on type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk, but that there was insufficient evidence for other foods in the Nordic diet [ 86 ].

3.5. Traditional Asian Diets

Although there is substantial evidence supporting the Mediterranean and other European-based diets, traditional regional dietary patterns from other parts of the world that follow similar principles have less–well-established links to positive health outcomes. A full description of the breadth of regional diets and the associated evidence bases is beyond the scope of this publication, but we consider some Asian-based diets to be particularly relevant to this discussion.

The traditional Korean diet is composed of rice and other whole grains, fermented food, indigenous land and sea vegetables, proteins primarily from legumes and fish as opposed to red meat, medicinal herbs (e.g., garlic, green onions, ginger), and sesame and perilla oils [ 87 ]. Meals typically consist of multiple small-portion dishes are often derived from seasonal food sources and are home-cooked. Unlike the Western diet, the traditional Korean diet does not include many fried foods [ 87 ]. Epidemiologic data suggest a reduced risk of metabolic syndrome (odds ratio [OR]: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.60–0.99), obesity (OR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.55–0.95), hypertension (OR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.57–0.98), and hypertriglyceridemia (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.59–0.99) among individuals who follow traditional Korean dietary patterns [ 88 ]. These findings are consistent with a controlled clinical trial that explored the effects of a traditional Korean diet compared with a control diet (“eat as usual”) on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with diabetes and hypertension. In that study, adherence to a traditional Korean diet favorably influenced body composition (body weight, −2.3 kg; body mass index [BMI], −0.83 kg/m 2 ; body fat, −2.2%; p < 0.01), heart rate (−7.1 bpm; p = 0.002), and glycemic control (HbA1c, −0.72%; p = 0.003) [ 89 ].

The traditional Chinese diet features rice or noodles, soups, vegetables, steamed breads or dumplings, fruits and vegetables, soy, seafood, and meat [ 90 , 91 ]. Although higher in carbohydrates and lower in fat compared with a Western diet, the traditional Chinese diet does not appear to promote weight gain in healthy, normal-weight Chinese, suggesting that carbohydrate restriction may not be a universally applicable intervention to combat obesity and cardiometabolic risk [ 92 ]. One 6-week controlled trial demonstrated that 52% of non-Chinese individuals with overweight or obesity who adhered to a traditional Chinese diet had a reduction in BMI while preserving lean body mass compared with 28% of those who followed a Western diet at the 1-year follow-up assessment [ 93 ]. In another trial, BMI decreased by 0.37 kg/m 2 and lean mass by 0.21 kg among subjects who adhered to a traditional Chinese diet for 6 weeks, whereas those who followed a Western diet had 0.26 kg/m 2 and 0.49 kg reductions in BMI and lean body mass, respectively [ 94 ]. Notably, both of these studies restricted caloric intake to 1,200 Kcal for the test and control diet groups.

Similar to the Korean diet, the traditional Japanese diet (known as Washoku) is characterized by small portions of multiple components, primarily including rice, fish (often eaten raw), soups, and pickles [ 95 ]. Fermented soybean paste (dashi) serves as the base of many of the soups that are central to the traditional Japanese diet; other ingredients include seaweed, fruits and vegetables, and mushrooms. The use of chopsticks, alternating between dishes of small portion size throughout a meal, and the base flavor of Japanese food (umami) enhance satiety and help to prevent overeating. Adherence to a traditional Japanese dietary pattern has been associated with favorable effects on blood pressure among apparently healthy Japanese adults [ 96 ]. This is consistent with data from the 2012 Japan National Health and Nutrition Survey demonstrating that adherence to a traditional Japanese diet compared with a Western diet or a meat- and fat-based dietary pattern was associated with a lower prevalence of hypertension in men [ 97 ]. However, in the same study, a traditional Japanese diet was associated with higher DBP in women, as well as higher waist circumference and BMI in men. Further study is needed to elucidate the health impacts of traditional Japanese and other Asian dietary patterns.

4. Additional Factors

While the evidence reviewed here suggests that the described dietary patterns positively influence measures of health and disease risk and outcome because they encourage the intake of foods that individually have beneficial effects and the avoidance of unhealthy options, additional factors combine to create a lifestyle that promotes health. For example, healthy diets include adequate hydration, typically in the form of water or tea/herbal infusions [ 7 , 49 , 51 , 52 ]. In addition to the dietary components, a healthy lifestyle is one that incorporates regular exercise, socialization, and adequate sleep [ 7 , 52 ], and minimizes elements that have a negative effect on health such as tobacco use, excessive alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, large amounts of screen time, and stress.

The importance of non-dietary factors is reflected in their inclusion in modern food pyramids. Built on a base of positive lifestyle factors, the lower tiers indicate daily consumption of adequate hydration and nutrient-rich, plant-based foods, with animal-derived products (meat, fish, and dairy) and sweets comprising higher tiers of the pyramid (i.e., less frequently or infrequently consumed items).

Whereas the goal may be to achieve nutrient requirements through food and water intake alone, there are situations in which food-derived nutrient intake might be inadequate due to increased need, selective eating, or food insecurity/limited access to more nutritious foods [ 98 , 99 , 100 ]. Therefore, for some individuals, dietary supplements may be required, particularly at certain life phases. For example, later in life, the recommended intake of calcium increases to sustain bone mineral density [ 101 ]; hence, supplementation with calcium may be necessary to meet recommended intake levels in older adults. Before initiating supplementation, dietary intake levels should be considered to avoid exceeding the upper tolerability limits and causing adverse events.

There are a number of other traditional regional diets that likely have similar benefits to those that we describe here. However, we made the decision to narrow our focus to those diets with evidence from randomized, controlled trials demonstrating their health benefits. For example, the African Heritage Diet focuses on traditional ingredients that may be beneficial to African American populations who experience disproportionately higher risks for chronic diseases related to their diets [ 102 ]. Future research is warranted to evaluate the impact of the African Heritage Diet and other regional dietary patterns on health.

5. Conclusions

Healthy diets, arising either by tradition or design, share many common features and generally align with the WHO Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases. In comparison with a Western diet, these healthier alternatives are higher in plant-based foods, including fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grains, legumes, seeds, and nuts and lower in animal-based foods, particularly fatty and processed meats. Evidence from epidemiologic studies and clinical trials indicates that these types of dietary patterns reduce risks of NCDs ranging from cardiovascular disease to cancer. Further endeavors are needed to integrate these healthy dietary and lifestyle choices into daily living in communities throughout the world and to make healthy eating accessible, achievable, and sustainable.

Acknowledgments

Medical writing support was provided by Crystal Murcia, PhD, and Dennis Stancavish, MA, of Peloton Advantage, LLC, an OPEN Health company, and was funded by Pfizer Consumer Healthcare. On 1 August 2019, Pfizer Consumer Healthcare became part of GSK Consumer Healthcare.

Author Contributions

H.C. and P.C.C. contributed to the conception of the work; the acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of data; drafting; and revision of the work. Both have approved the final version for submission and agree to be personally accountable for their contributions and for ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated, resolved, and documented in the literature. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Medical writing support was funded by Pfizer Consumer Healthcare; this research received no other external funding. The APC was funded by Pfizer Consumer Healthcare. On 1 August 2019, Pfizer Consumer Healthcare became part of GSK Consumer Healthcare.

Conflicts of Interest

Hellas Cena received travel reimbursement from Pfizer Consumer Healthcare to attend a discussion meeting prior to drafting the manuscript and acts as a consultant to companies that manufacture or market dietary supplements, including Pfizer Consumer Healthcare. Philip C. Calder received travel reimbursement from Pfizer Consumer Healthcare to attend a discussion meeting prior to drafting the manuscript. Pfizer Consumer Healthcare funded this project, but the company had no role in the design, execution, interpretation, or writing of the paper.

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Clinical Nutrition Theses

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Theses/Dissertations from 2024 2024

The Greater Implications of Self-Perceptions of Aging Among Younger Adults: Results from the Socially Nutritious Volunteer Training Program , Ashlyn Cobble

Changes in Young Adults’ Perspective on Ageism After Participating in a Virtual Nutrition Education Program with Older Adults , Julianne Hensley

Theses/Dissertations from 2021 2021

How Nutrition Knowledge of Coaches, Athletic Trainers, and Strength and Conditioning Specialists Translates to Their Athletes , Alexa Carbone

Sarcopenia Screening by Registered Dietitian Nutritionists (RDNs) in the United States (U.S.) , Madison Marcom

Theses/Dissertations from 2020 2020

Examination of Perceptions of Weight Loss and Weight Loss Methods , Andrew Seiber

Theses/Dissertations from 2019 2019

Effect of Prebiotic, Probiotic, and Enzyme Supplementation on Gut Fermentation, Markers of Inflammation and Immune Response in Individuals with GI Symptoms , Kaitlyn Webb

Theses/Dissertations from 2018 2018

Knowledge and Recommendations of Dietary Supplements by Healthcare Professionals to Treat Patients Post-Cardiac Event , Elise Deming

Factors Impacting Bone Mineral Density (BMD) Results of Individuals with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD) , Rhonda McNabb

Theses/Dissertations from 2017 2017

Characterization of the Metabolic Profile of a Hispanic at-risk Pediatric Population in Northeast Tennessee , Susanna Dysart

The Effects of a Supermarket Tour on Improvement of Nutrition Knowledge and Eating Behavior , Elizabeth Hall

Nutrient Content of Human Breast Milk from Overweight and Normal Weight Caucasian Women of Northeast Tennessee , Megan R. Kwon

Theses/Dissertations from 2014 2014

Assessment of Red Blood Cell Membrane Fatty Acid Composition in Relation to Dietary Intake in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Catheterization , Nicole S. Litwin

The Effectiveness of the Implementation of the Kids Eat Right RD Parent Empowerment Program at Johnson City Head Start Centers , Emily M. Stern

Theses/Dissertations from 2013 2013

Assessment of Dietary Behaviors of College Students Participating in the Health Promotion Program BUCS: Live Well , Courtney E. McKinney

Building a Foundation for Interprofessional-Education (IPE) Between Dietetic Students and Dental Hygiene Students at East Tennessee State University (ETSU) , Monique Richard

Comparison of Obesity Bias, Attitudes, and Beliefs among Undergraduate Dietetic Students, Dietetic Interns, and Practicing Registered Dietitians , Sarah E. Welborn

Theses/Dissertations from 2010 2010

Evaluation of the Implementation of a Nutrition Program in a Middle School in Northeast Tennessee. , Mary Lynn Carroll

Theses/Dissertations from 2009 2009

Implementation of a Healthy Lifestyle Program at the Jefferson City Housing Authority in Jefferson City, Tennessee. , Lynsey Lea Carr

Measuring Patient Satisfaction After Providing a Choice of Nourishment Options Between Meals in a Long-Term Care Setting. , Samantha Hutson

Theses/Dissertations from 2008 2008

Evaluating Satisfaction and Benefit of Nutrition Counseling Provided by a Registered Dietitian among Cancer Patients Receiving Radiation Therapy. , Bethany A. Stuart

Theses/Dissertations from 2007 2007

A Study of Clinical Outcomes Using Serum Albumin and Percentage of Weight Loss following Nutritional Intervention in Post-Operative Bariatric Patients. , Jennifer Michelle Angus

Wellness and Nutrition Education Program to Promote Improve Nutritional Practices and Decreased Body Mass in Individuals Working in a Health Care Setting. , Jessica Brown Bandy

Prenatal and Postnatal Nutrition and Lactation Consulting: A Feasibility Study. , Marissa Blake Beale

Assessing Perceptions Toward Implementation of the Nutrition Care Process among Registered Dietitians in Northeast Tennessee. , Jessica Lee Gourley

The Impact and Efficacy of Diabetes Education Programs among Adults. , Mireille Hamdan

Wellness Program Effect on the Health Parameters of Female Employees Aged 25 to 60 Years of Age Targeting Physical Activity and Nutrition Therapy. , Adrienne J. Poag

Evaluation of an Elementary School Wellness Concept in Rural East Tennessee. , Audrey Lynn Taylor

Evaluating Satisfaction and Benefit from Nutrition Counseling from a Registered Dietitian among Head and Neck Cancer Patients Receiving Radiation Therapy. , Lori E. Watson

Theses/Dissertations from 2005 2005

Efficacy of Cardiac Education on Dietary Habits of Subjects Participating in Cardiac Rehabilitation. , Marie-Rose Antoine Abdo

Development of an East Tennessee Tri-County Community Food Assessment Instrument to Aid in the Construction and Implementation of a Working Food Model. , Alison Suzanne Brooks

Effects of the Implementation of a Pilot Nutrition Education Program in a Rural Appalachian County. , Leigh A. Davenport

Efficacy of a Nutrition Education Program Designed for Grades K-3 Piloted in Johnson County Schools. , Allison Nicole Lowry

The Impact of Prealbumin on Postoperative Length of Stay in Elderly Orthopedic Patients. , Brandy Paige Pennington

Theses/Dissertations from 2004 2004

Nutritional Content of Supplemental Food Baskets Distributed by Charitable Agencies in Northeast Tennessee. , Lillian Khalili Aliata

Registered Dietitans Practicing Advanced Level Skills in the State of Tennessee and Their Perceived Job Satisfaction. , Charlotte Norene Cochran

Lifestyle Intervention Program with Calcium Supplementation to Promote Weight Loss and Body Fat Reduction in Overweight Individuals. , Candee Meredith Spence

Enhancing Weight Gain in Long-Term Care Residents at Risk for Weight Loss through Protein and Calorie Fortification. , Shannon Marie Tolbert

Efficacy of Different Educational Methods for a High School Prenatal Substance Use Prevention and Nutrition Program. , Kimberly Renee Webb

Theses/Dissertations from 2003 2003

Increasing Diabetes Awareness in Adolescents through Educational Programs. , Sandra J. Reese

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Home > Nutrition and Health Sciences > Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Nutrition and Health Sciences, Department of

Department of nutrition and health sciences: dissertations, theses, and student research.

Studies of the Role of mTORC1 in Modulating Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Function , Isaac Adediji

The Effects of Exercise on the Lipid Profile of Extracellular Vesicles , Tesha Kerr

Bovine Mammary Alveolar MAC-T Cells Afford a Tool for Studies of Bovine Milk Exosomes in Drug Delivery. , Mojisola Ogunnaike

MOTHERS’ EXPERIENCE WITH INFANT COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING PRACTICES: A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY. , Tyler Martin

Metabolic Benefits of Plant-based N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Brown Thermogenesis , Kyung Ho Park

Transport and Distribution of Bovine Milk Exosomes and miR-34a Cargo in Murine Cerebral Cortex Endothelial bEnd.3 Cells and BV2 Microglia , Pearl Ebea

3-Hydroxy Fatty Acids Induce Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Lipoapoptosis , Mona Hadidi

Inhibitory Effects Of Shiitake-derived Exosome-like Nanoparticles On NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation , Yizhu Lu

Concentrations of Purine Metabolites Are Elevated in Human Fluids from Adults and Infants and in Livers from Mice Fed Diets Depleted of Bovine Milk Exosomes and their RNA Cargos , Ana Aguilar Lozano

Choose Healthy Here Pilot Program: A Secondary Analysis of Consumers' Behaviors and Perceptions to Access and Affordability of Healthy Foods , Lindsey R. Anderson

The Effect of Change in Middle School Lunchroom Setting on Student’s Intake of Broccoli , Mia Wood Angst

The Relationship Between Habitual Physical Activity and Food Choices , Safiya E. Beckford

Maternal n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Supplementation Potentiates Brown Adipose Tissue Development And Reduces The Risk Of Childhood Obesity , Rong Fan

CHAMPS: Child Health and Methods of Parenting Study , Megan Fletcher

Effects of Static, Countermovement, and Drop Jump Performance on Power and Rate of Force Development in 6 - 16 Year Old Boys , Lacey E. Jahn

Effects of Vagotomy and Fenugreek on Hyperlipidemia and Insulin Resistance , Rituraj Khound

Adaptive Thermogenesis and Metabolic Changes Following Diet- and Exercise- Induced Weight Loss , Alexandra R. Martin

Attenuating the Side Effects of Caloric Restriction Through Exercise and Increased Protein Intake , Jay A. Petersen

Red Grain Sorghum Whole Kernel Crude Lipid Protects Energy Metabolism And Short Chain Fatty Acid Profile In A Hamster Model To Minimize Intestinal Stress Caused By A High Fat Diet , Haowen Qiu

UNIVERSITY WELLNESS: A NUMBERS GAME – HOW HEALTH NUMBERS RELATE TO BLOOD PRESSURE , Courtney B. Schnell

ASSESSMENT OF THE CAMPUS FOOD ENVIRONMENT USING COMPONENTS OF THE HEALTHY CAMPUS ENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT , Candace Sorden

The Effect of a Youth Cooking Intervention on Nutrition Knowledge and Healthy Eating Behaviors among 4th & 5th Graders Attending Title I Schools , Ashley B. Walther

We Cook: Fun with Food and Fitness: Impact of a Youth Cooking Program on the Home Environment , Courtney Warday

CHARACTERIZATION OF EXTRACTION METHODS TO RECOVER PHENOLIC-RICH EXTRACTS FROM BLACK BEANS ( PHASEOLUS VULGARIS ) THAT INHIBIT ALPHA-AMYLASE AND ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE USING RESPONSE SURFACE APPROACHES , Mazen Alharbi

SYNBIOTIC ICE CREAM AS A PROBIOTIC CARRIER TESTED IN A HUMAN BLIND CROSSOVER TRIAL , Erin M. McNamara

The Relationships between the Home Food Environment and Weight Status among Children and Adolescents, ages 6-17 years , Martha J. Nepper

Relationships between Parental Energy Balance-Related Behaviors and their Child’s Weight Status and Performance on FITNESSGRAM® In-School Assessment , Kathryn M. Painter

iCook 4-H Intervention: Food-Related Behavior and Intake of Adult Main Meal Preparers Participating in a 5-State Childhood Obesity Prevention Study , Kyla A. Richardson

Mechanism of Triglyceride Lowering Action of Akkermansia muciniphila and Fenugreek in a Genetic Induced Hyperlipidemia , Jing Shen

Time Course of Changes in Neuromuscular Parameters during Fatiguing High-Load and Low-Load Concentric Dynamic Constant External Resistance Leg Extension Muscle Actions , Cory M. Smith

MICRORNAs ARE ABSORBED IN BIOLOGICALLY MEANINGFUL AMOUNTS FROM NUTRITIONALLY RELEVANT DOSES OF COW’S MILK AND CHICKEN EGGS AND AFFECT GENE EXPRESSION IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS, CELL CULTURES, AND MOUSE LIVERS , Scott Baier

CHARACTERIZING THE EFFECTS OF BOTH SYNTHETIC AND NATURAL INHIBITORS ON THE FUNCTION OF HOLOCARBOXYLASE SYNTHETASE AND LIPID METABOLISM , Elizabeth Cordonier

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF EDUCATIONAL DISPLAYS RELATED TO FOODBORNE ILLNESS IN INFANTS , Krista M. Godfrey

An Evaluation and Exploration of Nutrition Education in Elementary Schools , Elisha M. Hall

Stability and Biological Activity of Dietary MicroRNAs , Katherine Howard

TRANSPORT OF BOVINE MILK EXOSOMES IN HUMAN ENDOTHELIAL CELL , Rio Jati Kusuma

ATTENUATION OF mTORC1-DRIVEN SECRETION OF LIPOPROTEINS AND TRIACYLGLYCERIDES BY SHORT CHAIN FATTY ACIDS: MECHANISTIC INSIGHT INTO THE PATHOGENESIS OF HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA , Joseph L. Roberts

Discovery Neighborhood MyPlate Macy: A Pilot Study , Amanda M. Robine

ASSESSING THE SOCIOCULTURAL IMPACT OF SPECIAL EVENTS IN THE CONTEXT OF GERMANFEST IN NEBRASKA, USA , Yanli Wang

TRANSPORT OF BOVINE MILK EXOSOMES BY HUMAN COLON CARCINOMA CACO-2 CELLS AND RAT SMALL INTESTINAL IEC-6 CELLS , Tovah Wolf

Physiological Responses at the Critical Heart Rate During Treadmill Running , Haley Bergstrom

PEER HEALTH TEACHING IMPROVES NUTRITION BEHAVIORS IN THE TEEN TEACHER POPULATION , Ashlie Smith

The CREBH in hepatic lipid and lipoprotein metabolism: Implication for the pathogenesis of hyperlipidemia and metainflammation , Miaoyun Zhao

Assessment of the Nutrition and Physical Activity Education Needs of Child Care Providers Across Nebraska , Tracy C. Delaney

DEVELOPMENT OF FOOD SAFETY EDUCATION AND PILOT STUDY SPECIFICALLY FOR NATIVE AMERICANS AUDIENCES , Kristine M. Foley

A Pilot Mixed Methods Evaluation Study of the Effectiveness of an After-School Cooking Club Curriculum for Middle School Students , Elisha M. Hall

TEST-RETEST RELIABILITY FOR VOLUNTARY AND EVOKED MEASURES OF PEAK TORQUE, ELECTROMECHANICAL DELAY, AND RATE OF TORQUE DEVELOPMENT IN OLDER MEN. , Nathaniel D.M. Jenkins

Reliability and validity of a culturally appropriate food frequency questionnaire to measure the omega-3 fatty acid intakes of Midwestern African American women of childbearing age , Narissa Scales

A Mixed Methods Approach to Evaluate KidQuest, a Traditional Classroom Obesity Prevention Intervention, in an Afterschool Program: A Pilot Study , Amy M. Wehbe

STUDIES ON THE REGULATION OF FGF21 GENE EXPRESSION BY (R)-α-LIPOIC ACID: MECHANISTIC INSIGHT INTO THE LIPID LOWERING PROPERTIES OF A DITHIOL DIETARY MOLECULE , Xiaohua Yi

Biotinylation of the c-Myc promoter binding protein MBP-1 decreases c-Myc and COX-2 expression in mammary carcinoma MCF-7 cells , Jie Zhou

Eating Patterns and Physical Activity Characteristics Among Urban and Rural Students in Saudi Arabia , Omar I. Abuzaid

Breakfast Consumption Habits of Youth Living in Low Income Neighborhoods in a Large Three County Metropolitan Area , Elijah Dacy

Dietitian’s Problem Solving Knowledge to Promote and Support Breastfeeding , Cassandra L. Dytrych

Identification and Assessment of Markers of Biotin Status in Healthy Adults , Wei Kay Eng

Attitudes Of College Students In Relationship To Weight And Physical Activity , Emily N. Estes

Evaluation of a Social Marketing Campaign: 4 Day Throw Away , Katie J. James

Body Mass Index Trends and Nutrition Goals of College Students between 2007-2011 , Alison L. Lynn

Impact of the Home Food Environment on Dietary Intake, Obesity and Cardiovascular Health of U.S. Children and Adolescents, Aged 6-19 , Melissa A. Masters

School Food Environment the Frontline for Childhood Obesity Prevention: A Mixed-Method Study of Nutritional Competencies and Skills of School Nutriiton Professionals in Nebraska , Zainab Rida

Mixed Methods Analysis of School Wellness Programs in Nebraska and Indiana: A Descriptive Study , Jessica A. Robinson

ASSESSMENT OF NUTRITION KNOWLEDGE AND SELF-EFFICACY OF NCAA ATHLETES , Melissa M. Wallinga

A New Single Workbout Test to Estimate Critical Power and Anaerobic Work Capacity , Haley Bergstrom

PRESCHOOL CHILDREN’S WILLINGNESS TO TRY AND PREFERENCE FOR DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID OMEGA-3 FOODS , Bethany JoAnn Bettenhausen

Mechanisms of decreased cholesterol absorption mediated by phytosterols in the intestinal lumen , Andrew W. Brown

Regulation of Sterol Transport by Dietary Phytosterol Esters , Trevor J. Carden

Effects of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Human Holocarboxylase Synthetase Gene on Catalytic Activity , Shingo Esaki

Intent of Expecting Fathers to Encourage Breastfeeding, Perceptions of Support and Barriers to Encouraging Breastfeeding , Katrina Harwood

Omega-3 Dietary Intakes, Knowledge, And Attitudes In Patients Screened For Colon Cancer , Cindy Kaminski

Intervention to Increase Knowledge and Consumption of Folate-rich Foods Based on the Health Belief Model , Lindsay M. LaBrosse

FARM TO SCHOOL: A CASE STUDY OF FOUR RURAL NEBRASKA SCHOOLS BEFORE INITIATING LOCALLY GROWN FOODS IN SCHOOL FOOD SERVICE , Morgan Swisher

SENSORY EVALUATION OF ICE CREAM MADE WITH PREBIOTIC INGREDIENTS SUBSTITUTED FOR SUGAR , Jennifer M. Wood

Perceived Importance and Actual Intake of Calcium and Vitamin D in Young Female Athletes , Miriam E. Zambrano

Modulation of Lipid Metabolism by Phytosterol Stearates and Black Raspberry Seed Oils , Mark McKinley Ash

UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS REPRESS THE EXPRESSION OF ADIPOSE FATTY ACID-BINDING PROTEIN, aP2, IN RAW 264.7 MACROPHAGE , Sara L. Coleman

A Pilot Study of the Relationship of Calcium Intake and Frequency of Injuries In High School Athletes , Jeffrey K. Ebert

Qualitative Study to Determine Quality of Life Factors Based on Reported EFNEP Sucess Stories , Megan L. Hlavacek

Assessing Dietary Intake, Eating and Exercise Attitudes and Fitness Levels in College-Aged Students , Katie J. James

Youth School Enrichment Nutrition Programming in Nebraska: A Descriptive Study , Ashley M. Keller

REGULATION OF ATP BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER A1 AND G1 EXPRESSION BY FATTY ACIDS , Chai Siah Ku

A Qualitative Analysis of Youth Feedback of Nutrition School Enrichment Kits in Lincoln, NE , Richard A. Losey

Food Handling Practices, Knowledge and Beliefs of Families with Young Children Based on the Health Belief Model , Adeline Lum

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Associations with Indicators of Body Fat, Diet, and Physical Activity in U.S. Children Ages 6-11 , Melissa A. Masters

A CURRENT EXAMINATION OF DIETARY INTAKES OF FIBER, CALCIUM, IRON, AND ZINC AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO BLOOD LEAD LEVELS IN U.S. CHILDREN AGED 1-5 YEARS , Stephanie A. Melchert

A Pilot Study to Determine the Effectiveness of Probiotic Use in Elderly Patients with Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea , Jenna L. Peate

Holocarboxylase Synthetase-dependent Biotinylation of Histone H4 , Luisa F. Rios Avila

LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT OF REGISTERED DIETITIANS , Anne Marie Bigley Hunter

Content Validation of Nutrition Diagnostic Term Involuntary Weight Loss by Board Certified Specialists in Gerontological Nutrition , Paula K. Ritter-Gooder

Omega-3 Fatty Acids Website Development for Registered Dietitian Education and Research , Martha M. Valverde

Web-Based Nutrition Education for University Middle-Aged Female Staff , Wan-Ju Yen

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Nutrition: Nutrition: Literature review examples

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Literature Review Guide

• Literature Reviews by Shelley Arvin Last Updated Mar 12, 2024 51 views this year

Getting Started

So you have to write a research paper for the first time? Or you're going to create a thesis or dissertation? Feeling overwhelmed? Feeling like you don't have the first idea how to do this?

A full research project or thesis or dissertation requires you to propose a research question and to perform a research project appropriate to your discipline. The resulting paper will include a literature review.

The primary purpose of a literature review is to give the reader context for your research question and to demonstrate how it is connected to the larger body of knowledge in the disciplines. It will encompass what is known now about your topic, what theories are presumed to address your topic, what questions are being asked and what gaps of knowledge still exist around your topic. And it will prime your readers for how your research project will fit into this body of knowledge.

The research to create your literature review will likely continue throughout your entire research project. Your literature review research will help you get started on your research project but will not stop there. As you learn from your literature review research, you will be able to better focus your own research project and theories. But new knowledge is published all the time. It takes continual monitoring to stay abreast of it.

Nutrition: Life Cycle Literature Reviews: Sample Articles

Støving R, Lingqvist L, Hørder K, et al. Is glycyrrhizin sensitivity increased in anorexia nervosa and should licorice be avoided? Case report and review of the literature. Nutrition [serial online]. July 2011;27(7/8):855-858. Available from: CINAHL, Ipswich, MA. Accessed September 2, 2016.

Skrautvol K, Nåden D. Nutritional care in inflammatory bowel disease - a literature review. Scandinavian Journal Of Caring Sciences [serial online]. December 2011;25(4):818-827. Available from: CINAHL, Ipswich, MA. Accessed September 2, 2016.

Fávaro Moreira N, Krausch-Hofmann S, Moreira N, et al. Risk Factors for Malnutrition in Older Adults: A Systematic Review of the Literature Based on Longitudinal Data. Advances In Nutrition [serial online]. May 2016;7(3):507-522. Available from: CINAHL, Ipswich, MA. Accessed September 2, 2016.

Gates A, Skinner K, Gates M. The diets of school-aged Aboriginal youths in Canada: a systematic review of the literature. Journal Of Human Nutrition & Dietetics [serial online]. June 2015;28(3):246-261. Available from: CINAHL, Ipswich, MA. Accessed September 2, 2016.

Diep C, Foster M, McKyer E, Goodson P, Guidry J, Liew J. What are Asian-American Youth Consuming? A Systematic Literature Review. Journal Of Immigrant & Minority Health [serial online]. April 2015;17(2):591-604. Available from: CINAHL, Ipswich, MA. Accessed September 2, 2016.

Nutrition: Literature Reviews: Sample articles

• Rust G. Health Status of Migrant Farmworkers: A Literature Review and Commentary. American Journal Of Public Health [serial online]. October 1990;80(10):1213-1217. Available from: Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, Ipswich, MA. Accessed September 10
• Swanson M, Studts C, Bardach S, Bersamin A, Schoenberg N. Intergenerational Energy Balance Interventions: A Systematic Literature Review. Health Education & Behavior [serial online]. April 2011;38(2):171-197. Available from: Health Source: Nursing/Academi
• Brown I, Psarou A. Literature review of nursing practice in managing obesity in primary care: developments in the UK. Journal Of Clinical Nursing [serial online]. January 2008;17(1):17-28. Available from: Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, Ipswich,
• Skrautvol K, Nåden D. Nutritional care in inflammatory bowel disease - a literature review. Scandinavian Journal Of Caring Sciences [serial online]. December 2011;25(4):818-827. Available from: Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, Ipswich, MA. Access
• Nutritional screening in community-dwelling older adults: a systematic literature review. Asia Pacific Journal Of Clinical Nutrition [serial online]. September 2010;19(3):440-449. Available from: Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, Ipswich, MA. Acces
• Shaya F, Flores D, Gbarayor C, Wang J. School-Based Obesity Interventions: A Literature Review. Journal Of School Health [serial online]. April 2008;78(4):189-196. Available from: Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, Ipswich, MA. Accessed September 10
• Siang Choo T, Hayter M, Watson R. The effectiveness of nutritional intervention(s) and the treatment of pressure ulcers- A systematic literature review. International Journal Of Nursing Practice [serial online]. February 2, 2013;18:19-27. Available from:
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Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion

Message from the director.

A welcome message from Sabrina Diano, PhD, Director, Institute of Human Nutrition.

IHN alumni are advancing nutrition around the world through work in the health care industry, clinical research, medical education, and more.

Research Laboratories

Learn more about the Institute for Human Nutrition's research.

In the Community

Local initiatives.

IHN is a proud supporter of local organizations and activities here in Washington Heights and the surrounding communities.

MS in Human Nutrition

Thesis research opportunities.

Our students can select a thesis research setting in basic science, clinical nutrition, or public health nutrition. We provide students with a list of available thesis mentors during the fall term and request that students do not seek a thesis mentor ahead of beginning the program. Thesis mentors are available from over 25 departments within Columbia University Irving Medical Center and affiliated institutions. View an outline of how the master's thesis fits into the one-year MS program on our Curriculum page.

Select Research Projects

Basic science.

Role of Dopamine Receptor D2 in Modulating Glucose Stimulated Insulin Secretion Student: Zachary Farino Mentor: Zachary Freyberg, MD, PhD The Influence of Bile Acid and Gut Microbiota In Diabetes Remission after Gastric Bypass Surgery Student: Justin Yu Mentor: Blandine Laferrere, MD Development of an HPLC Assay to Measure Antibiotic Clearance in Patients on CRRT Student: Spenser Souza Mentor: Michael T. Yin, MD Markers of Celiac Disease and Immune Reactivity to Gluten in Response to the Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors Student: Sophie Jang Mentor: Armin Alaedini, PhD fMRI processing of Visual and Auditory Food Stimuli pre and post Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) and Sleeve Gastrectomy (SG) Student: Shiva Kothari Mentor: Allan Geliebter, PhD

On Language Development in Preterm Infants and the Influence of the NICU Auditory Environment on Vital Signs Student: Shaheen Malick Mentor: Martha Welch, MD The Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Exercise and Peanut Consumption Student: Sarah Al-Sudairy Mentor: Richard Sloan, PhD A Biofeedback Intervention to treat Pediatric Migraine and Improve Quality of Life Student: Nicole Asante Mentor: Karen McKearney, NP The Effects of Shift Work on Food Intake Regulation Student: Nicole Carpio Mentor: Ari Shechter, PhD The Effect of Maternal Antibiotic Treatment on Infant Brain Development Student: Deepika Chandra Mentor: Esi Lamouse-Smith, MD The Effect of Long-term Sleep Deprivation on Dietary Habits and Appetite-regulating Hormone Levels​ Student: Jing Luo Mentor: Marie-Pierre St-Onge, PhD

Public Health

Dietary Patterns of school-aged children in Johannesburg, South Africa Student: Samantha Kozakowski Mentor: Stephen M. Arpadi, MD The Potential of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in Mitigating Non-Communicable Diseases in the Nepalese Urban Population Student: Mahima Dhume Mentor: Jessica Fanzo, PhD The First Bite Challenge – Can Social Media Make Healthful, Unfamiliar Foods More Palatable to More Adolescents? Student: Ailin Liu Mentor: Lynn Fredericks The Influence of Interactive Educational Materials on Reducing Childhood Obesity and Promoting Healthy Lifestyle Habits Among a Population Student: Taylor Konstan Mentor: Emma Hulse, MS, RD Designing for Wellbeing: Development of a Tool to Enhance Human Health Through the Workplace Built Environment Student: Kate Workman Mentor: Deborah Ndao, MPH

Travel Awards

Every year, we award a small number of student travel grants to support attendance to national and international conferences, professional meetings, and symposia. Our students present their thesis research findings, or attend as part of their ongoing research. Typically, students present at regional or national conferences, and publishing their research work is a successful corollary. 

Select Travel Awards

The Effect of Thermal Biofeedback on Migraine, Disability, and Quality of Life in an Underserved Pediatric Neurology Population Jessica Xu International Society of Neurofeedback and Research Conference, 2019 Post-stroke Sleep Duration and Quality are Associated with Depression Emily Qiu SLEEP, 2019 The Great Breastmilk Discrepancy: A Look at Exposure Amongst Patients with Esophageal Atresia/Tracheosophageal Fistula William Haug North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (NASPGHAN) Annual Meeting, 2019 Predicting Weight Loss After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) vs. Caloric Restriction Sumiyah Enayet Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute (TMII) 9th Annual Symposium, 2019 Weight Cycling is Associated with Poorer Cardiovascular Health Assessed Using AHA's Life's Simple 7 in a Diverse Sample of Women Encompassing Different Life Stages Stepahnie Byun American Heart Association (AHA) Epidemiology and Lifestyle Scientific Sessions, 2019 The Prevalence of Co-morbidities in Adult and Adolescents Seeking Sleeve Gastrectomy Julie W. Liu Obesity Week, 2018 Neuronal Serotonin as a Link Between Depression and Serotonin and a Role for Simultaneous Treatment with a Novel Slow-release Formulation of the Serotonin Precursor, 5-hydroxytryptophan Andrew Del Colle Jr. Digestive Disease Week, 2018 Evaluating the Relationship Between Type 2 Diabetes and Inflammatory Biomarkers of Patients Receiving Bariatric Surgery Kapila Patel Global Health and Innovation Conference, 2017 Effect of Food Order on Postprandial Glucose Excursions in Prediabetes Morgan Dickison Obesity Week, 2017 Micronutrient Variation Between Fruit and Vegetables Nicoleta de Deugd American College of Nutrition (ACN) 58th Annual Conference, Disrupting Cancer: The Role of Personalized Nutrition, 2017

Publications

Manuscripts are published regularly in peer reviewed academic journals across the medical and scientific fields. Besides demonstrating their abilities in writing, research methodology, and data collection and analysis, publications are a highly-desired output of competitive students and professionals.

Select Student Publications

Skeletal muscle and adipose tissue changes in the first phase of treatment of pediatric solid tumors. Grace Shadid Cancer Med. 2020

Perspective: US Documentation and Regulation of Human Nutrition Randomized Controlled Trials. Sue Shapses Adv Nutr. 2020

Nutrition and Sarcopenia - What do we know?  Aravinda Ganapathy Nutrients. 2020

Preoperative liking and wanting for sweet beverages as predictors of body weight loss after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy.​ Jeon Hamm J Obes (Lond). 2020

Low-calorie sweeteners cause only limited metabolic effects in mice.​ Anna Ortiz Comp Physiol. 2020

Quantity, Quality, and Timing of Carbohydrate Intake and Blood Pressure Stephanie Byun and Zara Mayat Curr Nutr Rep. 2019 Associations of Weight Cycling with Cardiovascular Health Using American Heart Association's Life's Simple 7 in a Diverse Sample of Women Stephanie Byun Prev Med Rep. 2019 Effects of Serotonin and Slow-release 5-HTP on Gastrointestinal Motility in a Mouse Model of Depression Narek Israelyan, Albert Xing, Yeji Park, and Andrew Del Colle Gastroenterology. 2019 Markers of Non-coeliac Wheat Sensitivity in Patients with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Bella Yu Gut. 2018 Autoantibodies in the Extraintestinal Manifestations of Celiac Disease Bella Yu Nutrients. 2018 The Impact of Food Order on Postprandial Glycemic Excursions in Prediabetes Morgan Dickison and Natasha Coughlin Diabetes Obes Metab. 2108 Positive Psychosocial Factors and Cognition in Ethnically Diverse Older Adults Sonia Seehra J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2018 Translation of CRISPR Genome Surgery to the Bedside for Retinal Diseases Galaxy Cho  Front Cell Dev Biol. 2018 Inhibition of NADPH Oxidase 2 (NOX2) Prevents Sepsis-induced Cardiomyopathy by Improving Calcium Handling and Mitochondiral Function Grace Kim JCI Insight. 2017 Effects of Diet on Sleep Quality Anja Mikic Adv Nutr. 2016

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The Top 20 Good Thesis Topics On Nutrition

Nutrition is the bedrock of a healthy state of body and mind. It works as an armour that protects the body from being in a fragile condition. Several nutritionists and researchers are always on the look out to make the world aware of what nutrition is all about. And this brings us to the top twenty thesis topics:

• How well do we understand Nutrition - This topic is all about identifying with the common fads about nutrition and making oneself aware of the essentials.
• Common digestive problems and its causes-Heartburn or Gastro Esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), diarrhea, hemorrhoids, gastritis, constipation Irritable Bowel Disease (IBS) and gallstones are the common disorders, other than these there are Crohns disease, ulcerative disorders etc.
• The health quotient of starch and fibres- One can concentrate on the types of starch which are healthy and that intake of fibres triggers digestion.
• Health benefits of lipids- How Lipids reserve energy and help in the formation of cell membranes? What prevents the functions of lipids?
• Vegetarian diet: Dealing with the efficiency and deficiency of it.
• How do body responds to binge eating and fasting?
• Diseases associated with increasing fat in the body
• Being underweight is not a boon but a curse- Through this one could address the diseases caused by being underweight.
• The role of antioxidants in preventing diseases
• Calcium and how it prevents osteoporosis
• Benefits of phytochemicals and functional foods- Through this research topic one can throw light on how phytochemicals, which ideally help plant, help humans? And which food items are termed functional foods?
• Foetal alcohol syndrome- FAS is very commonly seen in case of babies whose mothers were alcoholic during pregnancy. The topic could deal with questions like how fast alcohol permeates the womb. What type of cognitive and mental disorder affect the foetus?
• The connect between Childhood obesity and chronic diseases
• Nutritional genomics- This multidisciplinary field of science has raised several questions like how food affects our genes. And how these genetic differences in individuals respond to food nutrients?
• Nutrition develops immunity system- This topic promises a lot of scope. There is an interdependence between Immunity system and nutrition and this provides a thriving ground for research topics.
• Enteral nutrition and inborn errors of metabolism
• Nutrition: A treatment of multiple organ failure- Recent research has focussed on the breakdown of protein in case of multiple organ failure.
• Allergy and Nutrition- Nutrition is making up for the paucity of certain minerals and vitamins that a certain body is rejecting.
• Cardiometabolic syndrome-This is directly linked to nutrition as there are certain components in food which induces this syndrome.
• Nutrition helps people with feeding disabilities- Nutritious food help prevent gastroesophageal reflux, this is where nutritional therapies come into play.

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248 Popular Nutrition Research Topics That You Can Write About

A balanced diet can make you more productive in your tasks each day. However, how sure are you that the diet that you take is what is required? If you are doing a course in Nutrition and Dietetics, you need to do thorough research. There are certain steps you need to take before diving into the research work.

Characteristics Of A Good Nutritional Research Paper Topic

To prosper in your research, you need to find an ideal topic that won’t be too stressful for you.

Clarity of the topic: If you want to write a great nutritional research paper. The topic needs to be clear. This will make it easy to do the research and also others to understand what you are doing. It should be something common that people will be interested in, even taking part in the research or reading it. Well-defined research paper: The research paper topic needs to be well-phrased for successful research. The topic needs to be direct. So that even when someone tries to read it, they can conclude what the research should bring out. Simple language: If you want to prosper in your nutritional research. Just ensure that you use simple language that most people can understand. You are writing research so that people can benefit from it. There is no need to use too much complex language that won’t help anyone. Simple title: The title should follow the right procedure. It should be written perfectly. Also, ensure that your research aligns with your nutritional research topic. In the case that you want to research various used chemicals, try and stick to the topic as it is. The work: Ensure your research paperwork has an introduction, body, and conclusion. This is critical for any essay, research paper, or assignment

Nutrition Research Topics

Different farming practices lead to low or high production. The amount of food that you are consuming can have an impact on your overall weight. Here are some of the best nutrition research topics that you can start with.

• Evaluate some of the most common abdominal fat and health risks.
• The major causes of adolescent and childhood obesity or weight gain.
• The high risks of obesity in children. Which ingredients should be avoided?
• Evaluate the most common allergies and food sensitivities.
• The importance of maintaining child nutrition and health.
• Evaluate the digestive diseases and associated disorders
• Evaluate the disordered eating habits in different age groups.
• The best way to promote healthy eating and physical activity.
• The best intervention that can be put in place is to reduce obesity.
• Evaluate the best way to increase fruit and vegetable intake in different households.
• How can diabetes be reduced in different age groups?
• The best intervention ways to increase fruit and vegetable intake in the elderly.
• The best way to provide good nutrition is in rural public schools.
• Does coffee consumption help in stress reduction?

Informative Nutrition Topics to Write About

You need to provide high-quality work when submitting the research work to your professor. Here are some of the best informative nutrition topics to write about. You can even get some details in other scholarly articles.

• The impact of cooperative extension in diabetes education and how to carry out self-care.
• The common perceptions of students who eat organic food to health.
• The relation between BMI and waist circumference in health indications.
• The link between environment and dietary intake among rural teens.
• The relationship between emotional brain formation and weight variation.
• Factors that need to be considered when mothers are breastfeeding.
• The common reasons for low fidelity to education programs in patients with gestational diabetes.
• The best approaches to take when maintaining weight loss.
• The eating habits disorders among athletes.
• Evaluate the diet quality of university students.
• Evaluate celiac disease in individuals.
• The various perceptions about school feeding programs.
• The impact of obesity on the health of individuals.
• How can the media be used in providing nutrition education for individuals?

In-Depth Nutrition Research Paper Topics

If you want to write an amazing research paper, make use of the various resources. You can even get relevant information from documentaries, scholarly articles, books, pdf, and much more.

• The relation between cigarette consumption and weight loss.
• The perceptions of nutritional screening tools for the elderly.
• The effectiveness of school welfare policies.
• The parental perception of the nutritional status of children that have autism.
• The major causes of stress eating among the youth.
• The relation between healthy food and mental health issues.
• The relation between sleep and nutrition.
• How healthy eating impacts athletes’ performance.
• The impact of breakfast on someone’s productivity during the day.
• How social media impacts students’ dietary choices.
• The benefits of superfoods to our bodies.
• The rising popularity of the paleo diet.
• The major causes of various food addictions
• The relation between diet and someone’s moods.

Comprehensive Nutrition Research Questions

Are you looking for the best comprehensive nutrition research questions? You can start with these. They are also not that hard to understand.

• Which are the genetics that causes obesity?
• How do children’s eating disorders impact children’s dietary choices?
• The best way to prevent chronic diseases is through better food culture choices?
• Do you think overhydration is worse than dehydration? Give reasons
• Which are the major impacts of social media on women’s body image?
• Which is the relationship between hormones and nutrition?
• What are the risk considerations of the keto diet?
• Which are the best methods for improving physical fitness?
• Are the dietary fats good or bad?
• Which are the major roles of proteins in weight loss?
• How do diet trends affect human health?
• Do you think fasting can help in weight loss?
• Which are the bad eating habits that cause disorders?
• How to ensure proper nutrient intake in our day-to-day lives?

Interesting Nutrition Topics

Would you want some of the most interesting nutritional topics? Start with these! They are all based on common things that happen that you can easily relate to.

• The role of creatine in improving athlete’s performance.
• How a mother’s diet impacts the breast milk quality.
• The major symptoms of malnutrition among kids.
• The components that make GMO food.
• The major effects of thermal processing on nutrients.
• The factors that contribute to obesity among students.
• The various dietary differences between different income level households.
• The major foods that boost serotonin levels.
• The connection between the immune system and diet.
• The development of ketosis.
• The component found incomplete proteins.
• The different functions of minerals and vitamins.
• The negative effects of too many vitamins.
• The transformation of carbohydrates to energy.

Engaging Nutrition Topics For Presentation

Is your assignment meant to be made as a presentation? These are some of the best topics that you can use. They are all diverse and you will get all the required answers on books, pdfs, or any other credible source.

• How does nutrition impact one’s connective tissue strength?
• The major advantages and disadvantages of fats in our bodies.
• How do lipids make a meal feel satisfying?
• The difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.
• The interrelations between vitamins and other food components.
• The influence of nutrition on hormones.
• The consequences of zinc deficiency on our bodies.
• The nutrients that help to improve your skin and hair.
• The function of amino acids on our bodies.
• Do you think you could survive on dietary supplements only?
• Compare the effectiveness of gummy vitamins and pills.
• The various ways that the body produces vitamin D from sunlight.
• The reasons behind more women suffering from anemia than men.
• What influences the presence of minerals in food?

Engaging Nutrition Essay Topics

Taking a balanced diet can help prevent you from getting these common nutritional diseases. Would you want to know more? Try any of these nutrition essay topics.

• Is there a difference between the health benefits of white and brown bread?
• The major benefits of cereals in our meals.
• The best substitutes for white sugar.
• The nutrients found in fresh and dried fruit.
• The versatile uses of coconuts and benefits to our bodies.
• Comparison between white and red meat.
• What components are in sugar that make it a good preservative?
• How does milk help in strong bone development in children?
• The pasteurization process of milk.
• Meat is a staple food in most cultures.
• The chemical compounds found in margarine and butter.
• The healthier alternatives to coffee.
• Does taking a glass of wine daily have health benefits at all?
• The major causes of hangovers in individuals.

Nutrition-Related Topics

What is the kind of food that you take? Are they beneficial to your body? These are some of the best nutrition-related topics that you can ever come across.

• The impact of food safety in different institutions
• Evaluation of nutrition in preschools for children.
• The positive and negative effects of training and nutrition on football players.
• The nursing habits of college-age students.
• The major effects of caffeine in tea and coffee that you take.
• The importance of eating a variety of foods.
• The most energizing foods for a healthy body.
• The major characteristics of multiple grain types.
• The factors that impact mineral absorption.
• The myth and facts behind the food pyramid.
• The major foods that belong to the legumes food groups.
• The advantages of taking various milk types.
• The importance of glucose on our bodies. How often should we take glucose?
• The major effects of selenium on health.

Nutrition Topics for Research

Research should be done systematically. First, you need to plan out how you are going to carry out the research. After you are done, be sure to start your research using different resources.

• The health benefits of non-digestible compounds.
• The major causes of lactose intolerance.
• Why is there an increase in eating disorders among female athletes?
• Which is the amount of protein that you need for muscle development?
• Do you think the time you eat is equally as important as what you eat?
• What is the importance of knowing your BMI?
• Evaluate whether the best way to overcome unhealthy emotional relationships is with food.
• How sleep regulates leptin levels in the body.
• The major causes of the prevalence of diabetes among college students.
• What are the major benefits of gummy vitamins?
• The various beliefs are accustomed to whole grains.
• The trends of breast cancer among women.
• Evaluate the various environmental contaminants globally.
• Why do you think people opt to be vegetarians?

Nutrition Presentation Topics

These are some of the best nutrition presentation topics that you can start with. They are simple, engaging, and straightforward. They will help you to make the best presentation you have ever made.

• How can you consider a certain food as being energizing? What criteria are used?
• The major characteristics of grains.
• The origins of potatoes in the ecosystem.
• The health benefits of avocados on our bodies.
• How do some foods work as home remedies?
• Which are the best ways to prepare scrambled eggs to ensure they provide full nutritional benefits.
• The impact of globalization on our diet.
• The different diet adaptations in different seasons.
• The positive impact of breast milk on infants.
• The dietary requirements for someone with HIV/AIDS.
• The best food to take when you want to lose weight.
• The major consequences of malnutrition.
• The major causes of celiac diseases.
• The advantages of organic food consumption.
• Can alcohol be considered to be part of a healthy diet?

Nutrition Topics For College Students

Are you in college and wondering where you will get the best nutritional topics for your course using? All these topics are ideal for that.

• The process of energy production from food nutrients in our bodies.
• Make a comparison of the heterotrophs and autotrophs feeding behavior.
• How is food converted to simpler substances in the body?
• The duration in which animals can convert complex food substances into simpler ones.
• How are proteins broken down in the body to be beneficial?
• How blood carries nutrients in the body.
• How high cholesterol levels can lead to body issues
• The importance of diet supplements to busy people.
• How does the body use electrolytes in the body?
• How certain diets expose people to cancer.
• Which is the best way to modify a diet to combat a certain disease?
• The role of nutritional knowledge in making informed decisions.
• The major causes of chronic diseases in human beings.
• The negative effects of depression on nutrition.

Engaging Topics In Nutrition

Nutrition is quite advanced. Both harmful and beneficial foods should be taken in moderation. These are some of the best engaging topics in nutrition.

• Which foods lubricate body joints?
• The importance of fats in hormone production in the body.
• Why do different fats have varying impacts on people’s bodies?
• The major roles of unsaturated fats in the body.
• The role of fats in preserving the health and brain development in humans
• The negative effects of being a vegetarian for too long.
• How does taking too much sugar cause diabetes?
• The major causes of allergies on people with health conditions?
• The importance of eating fiber-rich foods.
• What amount of water do adults have in their bodies
• The relation between eating and sleeping habits.
• How taking sugary foods leads to loss of memory and inactivity?
• How taking too many snacks is not healthy for the body?

Food and Nutrition Essay Topics

Are you planning to do an essay? These are some of the best food and nutrition essay topics that you will ever stumble upon. Always strive to eat a healthy diet at all times.

• The long and short-term effects of food on our health.
• How does water absorption occur in the body?
• Does weather impact the amount of water we can take in a day?
• The influence of weather on digestion.
• The negative influence of fast food selling hotels on some lifestyle diseases.
• The major determinants on whether an animal feeds on simple or complex inorganic compounds.
• How are nutrients converted into minerals?
• When should someone use a nutrient supplement?
• The impact of alcohol intake by pregnant women.
• Why do pregnant women crave different food?
• The necessary nutrients after doing a hard workout.
• The role of carbohydrates in an athlete’s body.
• The importance of energy management on brain development
• The importance of calcium to sportsmen and women.
• How good nutrition maintains a great athletics record.

Research Topics in Nutrition and Dietetics

When doing your thesis, you need to do thorough research to ensure that your professor will give you top grades. If you are doing a dietetics course, these topics will serve the purpose.

• How athletes can easily manage hunger cues.
• The role of Vitamins to people that engage in sports.
• The effect of chili on our bodies.
• Which are the best ways to deal with obesity?
• The disadvantages of obesity on children below 18 years.
• The social and economic effects of poor nutrition.
• How is healthy aging important for active aging?
• How nutrition determines the body’s immunity.
• The best way to make nutrition reforms & policies for the benefit of residents in different regions.
• The role of proteins in sustainability and health.
• The negative and positive impact of moods on eating well.
• The role of nutrition in determining a body’s immunity.
• Does ingredient dosage matter in food and nutrition?
• The role of misinformation on unhealthy eating habits.
• The myths related to plant-based proteins.

Popular Nutrition Topics

Are you supposed to choose the best nutrition topic for your assignment? Try any of these topics and see how knowledgeable you will become.

• The impact of food wastage in most developing nations.
• The impact of fasting on one’s health standards.
• How to maintain a healthy diet for the whole family at home.
• The role of nutrients on the central nervous system.
• How does caffeine affect athletes?
• How food contributes to an increase in BMI?
• The best foods to boost sports performance.
• How muscles help individuals in sports.
• The major roles of enhancing appetite.
• Why athletes should not drink a lot of water during exercise?
• How food choice can prevent some dietary diseases.
• Does babies’ nutrition impact their growth?
• The relation between genetics and nutrition.
• The major challenges faced in maintaining healthy eating habits.

Ideal Nutrition Thesis Topics

When given a writing task, it can be hard to know where to start. However, teachers don’t quite require a lot from students. Just try to do what you can and give it your best shot.

• The best eating habits that you can embrace.
• The difference between red and white meat.
• Evaluate the milk pasteurization process.
• The advantages of milk consumption every morning.
• The various beneficial components found in milk.
• What are the best foods that the elderly should take?
• How eating patterns affect the sleeping pattern.
• The major causes of different eating patterns.
• The effects of homemade food and intuitive eating habits.
• The nutritional problems for pregnant women.
• The relation between income and nutrition.
• The major evidence-based nutrition.
• Evaluate nutrition and blood pressure.
• The advantages of organic food consumption

Health and Nutrition Topics

Our health plays a huge role in how effective we can be on different tasks. If you are fatigued or hungry, it can have adverse effects on your body.

• How is nutritional profiling used?
• The point of counting calories found in the body.
• The major health benefits of vitamin water.
• Why does the younger and older generation require different nutrition?
• The major methods of projects that promote proper nutrition.
• The relation between diet and one’s moods.
• The major causes of teenagers developing an unhealthy attitude towards food.
• The role of hunger and control in anorexia.
• How malnutrition can cause an issue with an unborn child.
• How poor eating habits lead to physical conditions.
• The best way to maintain an active lifestyle for proper health.
• The biological factors surrounding eating disorders.

Sports Nutrition Topics for Research

These are some best sports nutrition topics for research that you can start with. You can use them for your homework, assignment, thesis, or dissertation.

• How different food varieties help athletes.
• The role of carbohydrates in the mental development of athletes.
• Explain the water cycle in an athlete’s diet.
• Why do athletes need calcium?
• How does trans-fat affect an athlete’s performance?
• The importance of supplements in the diet.
• How supplements and diets help in weight management.
• What capacity of food should athletes eat before and after training?
• The amount of water athletes should take before and after running.

Requiring Help With Your Nutrition Dissertation?

Are you looking for the most ideal writing service assistance? We provide nothing but the best. We have expert writers that will ensure you get custom work at an affordable price. All the planning is done online to ensure your work is delivered on time. Whether you are in university or college, these topics will help you.

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Thesis vs. Non-Thesis Option

The Capstone Project or Thesis is the culminating academic experience for the MS in Nutrition Sciences graduate program at the University of Cincinnati. But which one is right for you? 

The scope and presentation of the Capstone Project / Thesis must demonstrate the student’s skills in a variety of areas including formal academic and technical writing, the research process, and the application of nutrition principles in a specific area of nutrition science or dietetics practice.

MS students must complete a Capstone Project or Thesis reflective of 10 credit hours, respectively to meet graduation requirements. Elective credit hours may be applied to the Capstone Project for more in-depth study of the selected area. Although the goals of both a project and a thesis are similar, the processes, formats, and topics differ. 

The Capstone Project might be a good fit for you if you do not foresee yourself engaging in research in your future career.  The Master’s project is usually smaller in scope than a Master’s thesis and it is not published on Ohio Link Electronic Theses and Dissertations repository . 

Capstone Projects allows you to apply nutrition skills and concepts and further develop competencies essential to nutrition practice. Project topics and formats are varied and allow you flexibility to investigate hot topics in nutrition or dovetail a work project that will serve as your capstone.

Examples of formats or designs for the Capstone Project are: Mini-research project, Literature Review, Program Evaluation Plan, Quality Improvement Plan, Nutrition Education Program Development and more. 

If you choose the Thesis option, you will design original research to answer specific questions and synthesize new information contributing to the understanding and solution of a nutrition problem.  You may use qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods approaches for your research design.

The thesis can be submitted in article form for publication in academic journals. You will also have the opportunity to present your work at a state or national professional meeting as a poster or oral presentation.

The Thesis option is appropriate for you if you intend to further your academic career by pursing a doctoral degree, plan to pursue a career in a research setting, and/or if you want more experience in research methods. Many careers in the field of nutrition at the community and clinical level may require a dietitian or nutritionist to collect program evaluation data or write grants to support their work.  These are skills that  you would learn on the thesis track.

Jamie Neiheisel

Nutrition Sciences

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A THESIS PROPOSAL ON NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF 5 TO 10 YEARS CHILDREN OF NAMJE, VEDETAR VDC OF DHANKUTA DISTRICT

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In developing countries malnutrition is one of the major public health problems among children. Normal growth is dependent on adequate nutrition and encompasses major transformations from birth to adulthood. Socio-economic status and behaviors of family members, environmental factors are other determinants of nutritional status of children. This research was conducted to assess the factors associated with nutritional status of children in Allahabad District of Uttar Pradesh. This was a community based Cross-sectional study. It was conducted in Allahabad district. A totalsample of three hundred ninety one children were selected using random sampling technique. Data was collected using a pre tested schedule. More than half of the children (74.79 % in Jasra Block and 67.53 % in Chakka Block) aged 6- 24 months were malnourished according to Gomez Classification . Most of the mothers were illiterate. Majority of the children were found stunted according to Waterlow?s classification. More than the half the children (57.75%) were underweight who were born by mother less than 18 years of age where as 75% were underweight born by mother aged above 35 years of age. More than half of the children were found underweight and Nearly 2/3rd of the children were found stunted. To get better nutritional status of children, greater emphasis should be given to under five years children with community based awareness programs to mother and care givers.

International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health

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Background: Proper nutrition is crucial for healthy living. According to Nepal multi-indicator cluster survey 2019, prevalence of stunting, wasting and underweight were 31.5%, 12% and 24.3% respectively. The prevalence of under nutrition is higher in Karnali Province than other Provinces of Nepal. This study is conducted to assess the factors affecting the nutritional status of under five years’ children in Rara Chhayanath municipality, Mugu district.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted in Rara Chhayanath municipality, Mugu district of Nepal which was purposively selected. Three wards were selected for collection of data. Verbal informed consent was taken from the mothers of the under five children and approval was taken from Little Buddha College of Health Science and Municipality. Bivariate analysis was performed to identify the factors associated with nutrition status of children. Results: In the study, prevalence of stunting and wasting were high as com...

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Introduction: Undernutrition is a major health problem in developing countries which may have adverse effects on growth and development of an individual. The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence and grades of malnutrition in children below 60 months of age, attending outpatient department at Gandaki Medical College teaching hospital.Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted among 556 children below 60 months of age from August to December 2013. Weight and length/height were measured using standard technique and were plotted on WHO centiles curves and severity determined based on WHO classification. The prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting were determined by anthropometry.Results: Based on WHO classification, out of 556 children, 20.2% were underweight, 34% were stunted and 15.1% were wasted respectively. Of them, severe underweight were 4.7%, severe stunted were 14.1% and severe wasted were 7.2% respectively.Conclusion: A high prevalence o...

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Background of the Study on Role of Nutrition in Early Childhood Development

Ai generator, role of nutrition in early childhood development.

Introduction Nutrition plays a crucial role in early childhood development. This study examines how dietary factors influence cognitive and physical growth in young children.

Contextual Framework Historically, proper nutrition has been linked to improved health outcomes. Early childhood is a critical period for growth and development, where nutritional intake can have long-lasting effects. Theories of developmental psychology and nutrition science underpin this study.

Literature Review Existing research indicates that adequate nutrition is essential for brain development, immune function, and overall health in children. Malnutrition and poor dietary habits are associated with developmental delays and health issues. However, there is a need for more research on the specific dietary components that most significantly impact development.

Rationale Understanding the role of nutrition in early childhood is vital for parents, caregivers, and policymakers. This study aims to fill knowledge gaps by identifying key nutritional factors that support optimal growth and development.

Objectives and Research Questions

• To analyze the impact of specific nutrients on cognitive and physical development in children.
• What dietary patterns are most beneficial during early childhood?
• How can caregivers ensure children receive adequate nutrition?

Conclusion The background underscores the importance of studying nutrition in early childhood development. By providing actionable insights and evidence-based recommendations, the research aims to improve health outcomes and support effective nutritional practices for young children.

Text prompt

• Instructive
• Professional

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