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Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Biography, Family, Education, Death

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Subhas Chandra Bose was born into a Bengali family in Orissa (1897).

In 1920 he passed the  civil service examination. But he resigned his candidacy and hurried back to India after hearing of the nationalist turmoils in India.

Subhas’ devotion and zeal to make the country free from the colonial rule were comparable to none and he lived and died working towards the goal of independent India. Subhas Chandra Bose is popularly known by the name ‘Netaji’.

Table of Contents

The early life of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose

Birth and family:

Subhas Chandra Bose was born on January 23, 1897, in Cuttack, Orissa.

His father Janaki Nath Bose was a famous lawyer and his mother’s name was Prabhavati Devi.

He was the ninth child among fourteen siblings.

Subhas Chandra Bose topped the matriculation examination of Calcutta province and graduated with a First Class in Philosophy from the Scottish Churches College in Calcutta.

He was very patriotic and deeply influenced by Swami Vivekananda’s teachings as a student.

He went to England in 1919 to compete for Indian Civil Services. In England, he appeared for the Indian Civil Service competitive examination in 1920 and came out fourth in order of merit.

However, Subhas Chandra Bose left his Civil Services apprenticeship midway to return to India in 1921 as he was deeply disturbed by the Jallianwalla Bagh massacre .

The political life of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose

On his return to India, he came under the influence of Mahatma Gandhi and joined the Indian National Congress.

On Gandhiji’s instructions, he started working under Deshbandhu Chittaranjan Das, whom he later acknowledged as his political guru.

1923: Subhas Chandra Bose was elected the President of All India Youth Congress and also the Secretary of Bengal State Congress. He was also the editor of the newspaper ‘Forward’, founded by Chittaranjan Das.

1924 : He also served as the CEO of the Calcutta Municipal corporation when Das was the mayor of Calcutta.

1925: He was arrested and sent to prison in Mandalay, where he contracted tuberculosis.

1927: He was released from prison, and later became the general secretary of the Congress party.

1928: The Motilal Nehru Committee appointed by the Congress declared in favour of Domination Status, Subhas Chandra Bose and Jawaharlal Nehru opposed it. They both asserted that only complete independence for India was acceptable.

Bose also announced the formation of the Independence League.

1930: Subhas Chandra Bose was jailed during the Civil Disobedience Movement . He later became the Mayor of Calcutta.

1931: Bose was released after the Gandhi-Irwin pact was signed. He protested against the Gandhi-Irwin pact and the suspension of the Civil Disobedience movement especially when Bhagat Singh and his associates were hanged.

He travelled through Europe after this, establishing centres in different European capitals to promote politico-cultural contacts between India and Europe.

1937: He returned to India and was released after Congress won the general elections.

Subhas Chandra Bose as President Of Indian National Congress Sessions

1938: He was elected President of the Haripura Congress Session (Gujarat), during this term as Congress President; he talked of planning and setting up a National planning Committee in October that year.

1939: He also won the presidential election to the Tripuri Congress session, defeating Dr. Pattabhi Sitaramayya who had been backed by Mahatma Gandhi and the Congress Working Committee.

This led to the Tripuri Crisis in Congress due to ideological differences between Bose, who had strong leftist thinking and older leaders who were more right-wing thinkers.

As a result, Bose resigned and formed the ‘Forward Bloc’, the left-wing party within the Congress at Unnao in U.P.

1940: When INC organized Individual Satyagraha, Subash Chandra Bose organized an ‘Anti-Compromise Conference’ at Ramgarh, Bihar.

He was arrested by the British shortly afterwards for organizing a protest for the removal of the Holwell Monument (Memorium for Blackhole tragedy of Calcutta). He was later released and placed under House arrest in Calcutta.

Netaji’s Escape from India

1941: Bose escaped house arrest in disguise and travelled out of India. He started garnering support from Nazi Germany and even met Adolf Hitler.

He founded the Free India Center in Berlin and created the Indian Legion (consisting of some 4500 soldiers) out of Indian prisoners of war who had previously fought for the British in North Africa before their capture by Axis forces.

Bose was given the honorific title of Netaji in Germany in 1942 by the Indian soldiers of the Indian Legion and officials of the Special Bureau for India in Berlin.

1942-43: World War II was underway, Nazi Germany was losing footing in the west. In the east Japanese were advancing rapidly. In India, Bengal Famine and Quit India movement were raging.

1943: Bose went to Japan after disappointment from Germany.

Bose and Indian National Army (INA)

INA was the brainchild of Japanese Major (and post-war Lieutenant-General) Iwaichi Fujiwara, head of the Japanese intelligence unit. His mission was “to raise an army which would fight alongside the Japanese army.

He first met Pritam Singh Dhillon, the president of the Bangkok chapter of the Indian Independence League, and through Pritam Singh’s network recruited a captured British Indian army captain, Mohan Singh, on the western Malayan peninsula in December 1941.

The First Indian National Army was formed as a result of a discussion between Fujiwara and Mohan Singh.

Rash Behari Bose, another expatriate nationalist leader was also associated with the INA.

1943 : Rash Behari Bose handed over control of the INA to Subhas Chandra Bose. Bose was able to reorganize the fledgling army and organize massive support among the expatriate Indian population in southeast Asia, who lent their support by both enlisting in the Indian National Army, as well as financially in response to Bose’s calls for sacrifice for the independence cause.

INA had a separate women’s unit, the Rani of Jhansi Regiment (named after Rani Lakshmi Bai) headed by Capt. Lakshmi Swaminathan is seen as a first of its kind in Asia.

Bose was able to maintain support for the Azad Hind movement throughout. Bose’s most famous quote was “Give me blood, and I shall give you freedom!” was spoken as a part of a motivational speech for the Indian National Army at a rally of Indians in Burma on 4 July 1944, In this, he urged the people of India to join him in his fight against the British Raj.

1944: An Indian tricolour was raised for the first time in the town of Moirang, Manipur by the INA troops during their support of the Japanese to thrust towards Eastern Indian frontiers.

1945: The United States allied aerial bombing resulted in losses for the Japanese. The Japanese retreat left cut-off INA. Many INA troops were captured in the Battle of Imphal and Kohima.

Japan’s surrender at the end of the war also led to the surrender of the remaining elements of the Indian National Army. The INA prisoners were then repatriated to India and some were tried for treason.

Death of Subhas Chandra Bose

18 th August 1945: As the INA forces were being captured or surrendering, Bose travelled to Tokyo via Taiwan when his plane crashed.

Subhas Chandra Bose was reportedly killed in an air crash over Taipeh, Taiwan (Formosa) on August 18, 1945.

Though it is widely believed that he was still alive after the air crash, not much information is available regarding this.

The ideology of Subhas Chandra Bose

He was influenced by Bhagavad Gita and believed Gita to be a source of inspiration for the struggle against the British.

Swami Vivekananda’s teachings of universalism, nationalistic thoughts also greatly influenced bose since his young days.

He was attracted to concepts of socialism and communism during his days in the Congress party. But he believed it will work in India if a synthesis between national socialism and communism is established.

He supported the empowerment of women, secularism, and other liberal ideas; but didn’t believe that democracy was the best for India.

Quotes by Subhas Chandra Bose

Bose gave the most famous quote “Give me blood and I will give you freedom”.

Another famous quote was  Dilli Chalo  (On to Delhi), the call he used to give the INA armies to motivate them.

Jai Hind or, Glory to India was another slogan given by him and which was later adopted by the Government of India and the Indian Armed Forces.

He also coined was “Ittihad, Etemad, Qurbani” (Urdu for Unity, Agreement, Sacrifice).

INA also used the slogan Inquilab Zindabad, coined by Maulana Hasrat Mohani

Statue of Netaji at India Gate

The government has decided to   install a grand statue of Netaji Subash Chandra Bose at India Gate to commemorate his 125 th  birth anniversary and as part of the year-long celebrations. The PM inaugurated a hologram at India gate which will be replaced by a statue later on.

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Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Biography: Birth, Death Anniversary, Achievements, Contributions and More

Netaji subhas chandra bose biography: he is an indian nationalist whose patriotism towards india has left a mark in the hearts of many indians. on netaji's birth anniversary, let us read more about him.  .

Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Biography: Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose was an Indian Nationalist whose patriotism towards India has left a mark in the hearts of many Indians. He is famously known as the founder of 'Azad Hind Fauj' and his famous slogan is 'Tum Mujhe Khoon Do, Main Tumhe Aazadi Dunga'. Today we are celebrating his 126th Birth Anniversary as Parakram Diwas.

Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose was born on  23 January,1897 in Cuttack, Orissa and he died on 18 August,1945, in a hospital in Taiwan after suffering from burn injuries sustained in a plane crash. 

Subhas Chandra Bose: Family history and early life

Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose was born on 23 January 1897 in Cuttack (Orissa)  to Prabhavati Dutt Bose and Janakinath Bose. His father was a successful lawyer in Cuttack and received the title of "Rai Bahadur". He did his schooling at the Protestant European School (presently Stewart High School) in Cuttack, just like his siblings. He did baccalaureate from the Presidency College. He was influenced by the teachings of Swami Vivekananda and Ramakrishna after reading their works at the age of 16. He then was sent by his parents to the University of Cambridge in England to prepare for the Indian Civil Service. In 1920 he passed the civil service examination, but in April 1921, after hearing of the nationalist turmoils in India, he resigned his candidacy and hurried back to India.

Subhas Chandra Bose Jayanti 2024: Quotes, Wishes, Books, Slogans, Poems, and more

Subhas Chandra Bose and Indian National Congress

He joined the Non-Cooperation Movement which was started by Mahatma Gandhi who made INC a powerful non-violent organization. During the movement, he was advised by Mahatma Gandhi to work with Chittaranjan Das who became his political guru. After that, he became a youth educator and commandant of the Bengal Congress volunteers. He started the newspaper 'Swaraj'. In 1927, after being released from prison, Bose became general secretary of the Congress party and worked with Jawaharlal Nehru for independence.

In 1938 he was elected president of the Indian National Congress and formed a national planning committee, which formulated a policy of broad industrialization. However, this did not harmonize with Gandhian economic thought, which clung to the notion of cottage industries and benefiting from the use of the country’s own resources. Bose’s vindication came in 1939 when he defeated a Gandhian rival for reelection. Nonetheless, the “rebel president” felt bound to resign because of the lack of Gandhi’s support.

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Subhas Chandra Bose and the formation of Forward Bloc

All India Forward Bloc was a left-wing nationalist political party in India that emerged as a faction within the India Congress in 1939, led by Subhas Chandra Bose. He was well known for his leftist views in Congress. The prime objective of the Froward Bloc was to bring all radical elements of the Congress party. So that he could spread the meaning of complete independence of India with adherence to the application of principles of equality and social justice.

Subhas Chandra Bose and Indian National Army (INA) or Azad Hind Fauz

An important development in the struggle for freedom during the Second World War was the formation and activities of the Azad Hind Fauj, also known as the Indian National Army or INA. Rash Behari Bose, an Indian revolutionary who had escaped from India and had been living in Japan for many years, set up the Indian Independence League with the support of Indians living in the countries of south-east Asia.

When Japan defeated the British armies and occupied almost all the countries of Southeast Asia, the league formed the Indian National Army from among the Indian prisoners of war to liberate India from British rule. General Mohan Singh, who had been an officer in the British Indian army, played an important role in organizing this army.

In the meantime, Subhas Chandra Bose escaped from India in 1941 and went to Germany to work for India’s Independence. In 1943, he came to Singapore to lead the Indian Independence League and rebuild the Indian National Army (Azad Hind Fauj) to make it an effective instrument for the freedom of India. The Azad Hind Fauj comprised about 45,000 soldiers, among whom were Indian prisoners of war as well as Indians who were settled in various countries of southeast Asia.

READ|  What were the reasons behind the Indo-Pakistan War and its effects?

On 21 October 1943, Subhas Bose, who was now popularly known as Netaji, proclaimed the formation of the provisional government of independent India (Azad Hind) in Singapore. Netaji went to the Andaman which had been occupied by the Japanese and hoisted there the flag of India. In early 1944, three units of the Azad Hind Fauj (INA) took part in the attack on the north-eastern parts of India to oust the British from India. According to Shah Nawaz Khan, one of the most prominent officers of the Azad Hind Fauj, the soldiers who had entered India laid themselves flat on the ground and passionately kissed the sacred soil of their motherland. However, the attempt to liberate India by the Azad Hind Fauj failed.

The Indian nationalist movement did not view the Japanese government as a friend of India. Its sympathies were with the people of those countries which had fallen victim to Japan’s aggression. Netaji, however, believed that with the help of the Azad Hind Fauj, supported by Japan, and a revolt inside India, the British rule over India could be ended. The Azad Hind Fauj, with the slogan of ‘Delhi Chalo’ and the salutation Jai Hind, was a source of inspiration to Indians, inside and outside the country. Netaji rallied together with the Indians of all religions and regions, living in southeast Asia, for the cause of India’s freedom.

Indian women also played an important role in the activities for the freedom of India. A women’s regiment of Azad Hind Fauj was formed, which was under the command of Captain Lakshmi Swaminathan. It was called the Rani Jhansi regiment. The Azad Hind Fauj became the symbol of unity and heroism to the people of India. Netaji, who had been one of the greatest leaders of India’s struggle for freedom, was reported killed in an air crash a few days after Japan had surrendered.

The Second World War ended in 1945 with the defeat of fascist Germany and Italy. Millions of people were killed in the war. When the war was nearing its end and Italy and Germany had already been defeated, the U.S.A. dropped atom bombs on the two cities of Japan-Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Within a few moments, these cities were burnt to the ground and over 200,000 people were killed. Japan surrendered soon after this. Though the use of the atom bombs brought the war to a close, it led to new tensions in the world and to a new competition for making more and more deadly weapons that might destroy all mankind.

Get here current GK and GK quiz questions in English and Hindi for India , World, Sports and Competitive exam preparation. Download the Jagran Josh Current Affairs App .

• Who said the famous slogan Tum Mujhe Khoon Do, Main Tumhe Azadi Dunga'? + The famous slogan 'Tum Mujhe Khoon Do, Main Tumhe Aazadi Dunga' is by Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose.
• Who founded 'Azad Hind Fauj'? + Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose was an Indian Nationalist whose patriotism towards India has left a mark in the hearts of many Indians. He is famously known as the founder of 'Azad Hind Fauj'.
• When was Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose born? + Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose was born on 23 January,1897 in Cuttack, Orissa and he died on 18 August,1945, in a hospital in Taiwan after suffering from burn injuries sustained in a plane crash.
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Subhas Chandra Bose - NCERT Notes for UPSC Indian History

As an Indian Nationalist, Subhash Chandra Bose made significant attempts to defy colonialism. He is one of those great freedom fighters, whom the nation remembers always. For the  IAS Exam , knowing about remarkable freedom fighters and nationalist leaders is important.

This article will provide relevant facts about Subhash Chandra Bose. Candidates can also download the notes PDF from the link provided below.

Subhash Chandra Bose (UPSC Notes):- Download PDF Here

Who was Subhash Chandra Bose?

• Subhas Chandra Bose was one of the most eminent freedom fighters of India.
• Born in Cuttack, in the province of Bengal to an affluent family. He was educated in Calcutta acquiring a degree in philosophy. Subhas Chandra Bose was Selected for the Indian Civil Services (ICS) but refused to take up service since he did not want to serve the British government.
• Bose joined the Indian National Congress (Formed on December 28, 1885) in 1921. He also started a newspaper called ‘Swaraj’.
• He was the President of the All India Youth Congress and also the Secretary of the Bengal State Congress. In 1924, he became the CEO of the Calcutta Municipal Corporation. In 1930, he became the Mayor of Calcutta.
• Bose authored the book ‘The Indian Struggle’ which covers the Indian independence movement from 1920 to 1942. The book was banned by the British government.
• He coined the term ‘Jai Hind’. His charisma and powerful personality inspired many people into the freedom struggle and continues to inspire Indians. He was called Netaji.

For candidates taking history as an optional in the UPSC Mains exam, visit the UPSC History Optional Syllabus page to get a general idea about its exam pattern.

Subhash Chandra Bose’s Role in Indian Independence Struggle

• Bose was sent to prison in Mandalay for nationalist activities in 1925. He was released in 1927 and became the INC’s general secretary.
• He worked with Jawaharlal Nehru (Born on November 14 – 1889) and the two became the Congress Party’s young leaders gaining popularity among the people.
• He advocated complete Swaraj and was in favour of the use of force to gain it.
• He had differences with Gandhi and he wasn’t keen on non-violence as a tool for independence.
• Bose stood for and was elected the party’s president in 1939 but was forced to resign due to differences with Gandhi’s supporters.
• Bose’s ideology tilted towards socialism and leftist authoritarianism. He formed the All India Forward Bloc in 1939 as a faction within the Congress.
• At the start of the Second World War, Bose protested against the government for not consulting Indians before dragging them into the war. He was arrested when he organised protests in Calcutta for the removal of the monument memorialising the Black Hole of Calcutta.
• He was released after a few days but was kept under surveillance. He then made his escape from the country in 1941 to Germany via Afghanistan and the Soviet Union. He had previously travelled to Europe and met with Indian students and European political leaders.
• In Germany, he met with the Nazi leaders and hoped to stage an armed struggle against the British to gain independence. He hoped to befriend the Axis powers since they were against his ‘enemy’, the British.
• He founded the Indian Legion out of about 4500 Indian soldiers who were in the British army and had been taken prisoners by the Germans from North Africa.
• In 1943, he left Germany for Japan disillusioned with the lukewarm German support for Azad Hind.
• Bose’s arrival in Japan revived the Indian National Army (Azad Hind Fauj) which had been formed earlier with Japanese help.
• Azad Hind or the Provisional Government of Free India was established as a government-in-exile with Bose as the head. Its headquarters was in Singapore. The INA was its military.
• Bose motivated the troops with his fiery speeches. His famous quote is, “Give me blood, and I shall give you freedom!”
• The INA supported the Japanese army in its invasion of northeast India and also took control of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. However, they were forced to retreat by the British forces following the Battles of Kohima and Imphal in 1944.

Candidates can find UPSC Questions for History Mains paper by visiting the linked article.

Death of Subhash Chandra Bose

• Bose died of third-degree burns which he suffered in a plane crash in Taiwan on 18 August 1945.
• However, many in India refused to believe that he had died.
• Many enquiry committees were tasked with finding out what happened on that day.
• The Figgess Report (1946) and the Shah Nawaz Committee (1956) concluded that Bose died in the plane crash in Taiwan.
• The Khosla Commission (1970) also concurred with the previous reports.
• But the Mukherjee Commission (2005) said that Bose’s death could not be proved. This report was rejected by the government.

Multiple Choice Question

• Subash Chandra Bose authored the book ‘The Indian Struggle’ which covers the Indian independence movement from 1920 to 1942. The book was banned by the British government.
• Bal Gangadhar Tilak founded the Naujawan Bharat Sabha in 1926 to promote revolution against British rule by rallying workers and peasant youth. He was the organization’s secretary.
• Bal Gangadhar Tilak also started two important festivals (now the prime festival in Maharashtra and adjacent states). Shivaji Jayanti in 1895 and Ganesha festival in 1893.

Choose the correct answer from the below-given options

A) Only Statements 1, 2, and 3 are true

B) Only statements 2, 3, and 4 are true

C) All the above-given statements are true

D) Only statements 1, 2, and 4 are true

Relevant Links

For more UPSC- related preparation articles and history-related articles, visit the links that are given in the table below. Candidates can get a general idea of the UPSC exam pattern by visiting the UPSC syllabus page.

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Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose: Champion of freedom who inspired the world

Netaji was born in cuttack in odisha in 1897, graduated from kolkata, and proved his mettle by becoming an indian civil services (ics) officer. but he was not accustomed to a life of comfort and amenities that came with his job. he was a warrior, who had to wage the freedom struggle..

By Prahlad Singh Patel

Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose ’s life is a story of struggle. It is the story of a young dreamer that tells the saga of consciousness, struggle and success in every eye; one who has the power to rip the ground with his arms; one who talks about making a hole in the sky; one who is anxious to achieve his goals; one who does not accept anything for free; and if he wants freedom, he is ready to spill his blood. Thousands of people sacrificed their lives on Netaji’s call. He created an army against the British in no time.

Netaji was born in Cuttack in Odisha in 1897, graduated from Kolkata, and proved his mettle by becoming an Indian Civil Services (ICS) officer. But he was not accustomed to a life of comfort and amenities that came with his job. He was a warrior, who had to wage the freedom struggle. Not only did he embrace the freedom movement wholeheartedly, but also became an inspiration for freedom. With the slogan “Give me blood and I will give you freedom”, he started preparing to awaken the country. Such was the charisma of his philosophy and personality that whoever listened to him was attracted to him. His popularity skyrocketed and he became “Netaji” to the general public.

He was so fond of Bharat Mata that his country tied to the chains of slavery did not let him live peacefully. People beyond India’s borders also developed a fascination for him. Heads of states of important countries stood by him and Netaji lit the fire of the freedom struggle beyond India’s shores. He built a force and presented that force before the enemies of the country as the Azad Hind Fauj (Indian National Army). He gave the slogan of “Dilli Chalo” with a new spirit. Thousands of soldiers of his 60,000-strong army sacrificed their lives for the country.

“Success always stands on the pillar of failure.” Bose lived with this philosophy and also inspired others. Netaji encountered failures several times, but he converted those failures to triumph with his struggle. Whether it is municipal politics, the journey from a common Congressman to the Congress president’s position, the formation of the Forward Bloc or the struggle of the Indian National Army, he passed every test with distinction.

Bose accepted the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi, but ironically, Gandhiji himself became the cause of him leaving the Congress. But the two leaders always had respect for each other.

At the time of India’s independence, Clement Attlee was the British Prime Minister. He came to Kolkata in 1956. At that time, his host, governor and former Calcutta high court chief justice PB Chakravartti, tried to find out from him the reason behind the British decision to grant freedom to India. In response, Attlee said that the loyalty of the Indian army and navy to the British state was declining due to the increasing military activities of Bose’s Azad Hind Fauj. This was one of the major reasons. This acknowledgement proves the great contribution of Bose to India’s independence. It finds a mention in a letter written to the publisher by Justice Chakravartti in the book “A History of Bengal” by RC Majumdar.

Jabalpur in Madhya Pradesh had a major contribution in the life of Netaji. The banks of the Narmada transformed his life. The Tripuri Congress session was held from March 4-11, 1939 in Jabalpur. Despite poor health, Netaji had arrived on a stretcher to participate in it. Thereafter, he came again to Jabalpur on July 4, 1939 to form the Forward Bloc. The people of Madhya Pradesh have a deep relationship with Netaji. In every town of the state, there’s a ward in his name. Subhas Chandra Bose’s message to his colleagues was: “Success may be distant, but it is imperative”. Bose used to say, “If a person is not obsessed, he can never become great. But he should also have something else inside him.” Bose is credited with giving global identity to the Indian leadership. Earlier, Swami Vivekananda had enlightened the world about India’s spiritual and cultural superiority and identity.

Netaji was also fluent in many Indian languages. Bose’s struggle for freedom proved to be an inspiration not just for India, but also for all Third World countries. The Indian freedom struggle and the war of independence led by Bose had a profound impact on those countries. Netaji’s status establishes him as the “hero of freedom” globally.

The writer is minister of state (Independent Charge), ministry of Culture and Tourism

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Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Biography, Jayanti, Achievements

Subhash Chandra Bose was born in the year 1897 and died in the year 1945. Read all about Subhash Chandra Bose Biography, History, Achievements for UPSC.

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Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose

The patriotism of Indian Nationalist Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose has left a lasting impression on many Indians On January 23, 1897, he was born in Cuttack, Orissa. He is well-known for founding the organization “Azad Hind Fauj,” and his slogan is “Tum Mujhe Khoon Do, Main Tumhe Azadi Dunga.” The burn injuries he sustained in a plane crash caused Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose to pass away on August 18, 1945, at a hospital in Taiwan.

The most well-known liberation Indian freedom fighters, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose possessed exceptional leadership qualities and was a charismatic orator. His slogans include “Delhi Chalo,” “tum mujhe khoon do,” and “main tumhe azadi dunga. ” He established Azad Hind Fauj and made numerous contributions to the fight for India’s independence. He is renowned for his socialist policies as well as for the forceful tactics he utilized to win independence.

Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Jayanti

Subhash Chandra Bose Jayanti is celebrated on 23rd January every year as a mark of remembrance for his contribution to nation-building. He was born on this day in Cuttack, Odisha. Officially this day is called ‘ Parakram Diwas ‘ to celebrate and imbibe the quality of courage and valour that Subhash Chandra Bose demonstrated throughout his life. It was on this that last year that a towering statue of Netaji was unveiled by the Prime Minister of India at Kartavya Path. Children in schools, teachers, government officials, and politicians cutting across the party lines pay homage to Netaji on this day.

Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Death

Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose died on August 18, 1945, in a plane crash the INA forces were being captured or surrendered and he was en route to Tokyo through Taiwan. On August 18, 1945, Subhash Chandra Bose reportedly perished in an aeroplane collision over Taipeh, Taiwan (Formosa). There isn’t a lot of information available, despite the widespread belief that he survived the plane disaster.

Subhash Chandra Bose Early Life and Family

The son of Prabhavati Dutt Bose and Janakinath Bose, Subhash Chandra Bose was born in Cuttack, Orissa, on January 23, 1897. His father had the title of “Rai Bahadur” and was a well-known lawyer in Cuttack. Like his siblings, he attended the Protestant European School in Cuttack, which is now Stewart High School. He completed his undergraduate studies at Presidency College.

After reading their writings at the age of 16, Swami Vivekananda and Ramakrishna’s teachings had an impact on him. Then, to prepare for the Indian Civil Service , his parents sent him to the University of Cambridge in England. In 1920 he passed the civil service examination, but in April 1921, after hearing of the nationalist turmoil in India, he resigned his candidacy and hurried back to India.

Subhash Chandra Bose Ideology

Bhagavad Gita had an impact on him, and he saw it as a source of inspiration for the fight against the British. From a young age, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose was highly affected by the Universalist and nationalistic ideas of Swami Vivekanand .

He was drawn to the ideas of socialism and communism when he was a member of the Congress party. However, he thought it would succeed in India if National Socialism and Communism were to be combined. He favoured gender equality, secularism, and other liberal ideologies, but he didn’t think democracy was ideal for India.

Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Biography Video

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Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose History

The following are the Important event which describes Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose’s Contribution to the Indian Freedom fighter.

Subhash Chandra Bose And Indian National Congress

He joined the Non Cooperation Movement , which Mahatma Gandhi founded and turned into a potent non-violent movement. Mahatma Gandhi  recommended he collaborate with Chittaranjan Das, who later served as his political mentor, during the agitation. Following that, he worked as a youth educator and volunteer commander for the Bengal Congress. He founded the “Swaraj” newspaper. After being released from prison in 1927, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose joined the Congress party as general secretary and fought for independence with Jawaharlal Nehru.

At the time of the Civil Disobedience Movement  Bose was in detention for linking with a Bengal revolutionary group. He became the Mayor of Calcutta while in prison. Thereafter he was released and detained several times on suspected links to revolutionary groups. Finally, he was released on grounds of poor health and allowed by the government to go to Europe. He returned from Europe in 1936 and remained in detention for about a year.

After being elected president of the Indian National Congress in 1938, he established a national planning committee and developed a wide industrialization agenda. However, Gandhian economic theory, which stuck to the idea of cottage industries and profiting from the utilization of the nation’s resources, did not agree with this. When Subhash Chandra Bose won his reelection bid in 1939 over a Gandhian opponent, it served as vindication for him. Nevertheless, the “rebel president” felt compelled to step down because Gandhi didn’t back him.

Subhash Chandra Bose Escape from India

Subhash Chandra Bose evaded house arrest in 1941 and left India wearing a disguise. Adolf Hitler even met with him, and he began to receive backing from Nazi Germany. He established the Free India Center in Berlin and recruited Indian POWs who had previously fought for the British in North Africa before being captured by Axis troops to form the Indian Legion, which now numbers about 4500 soldiers.

The Indian soldiers of the Indian Legion and representatives of the Special Bureau for India in Berlin placed the title of Netaji on Bose in Germany in 1942. Nazi Germany was slipping backwards in the west in the years 1942–1943 when World War II was in full flow. Japanese forces were rapidly approaching in the east. The Bengal Famine and the Quit India campaign were both raging in India. Subhash Chandra Bose left for Japan in 1943 after experiencing failure in Germany.

Azad Hind Fauj or Indian National Army (INA)

The establishment and efforts of the Azad Hind Fauj commonly referred to as the Indian National Army, or INA, during the Second World War were a significant development in the liberation struggle. With the help of Indians living in Southeast Asian nations, Rash Behari Bose, an Indian revolutionary who had fled his country and spent many years living in Japan, founded the Indian Independence League.

• General Mohan Singh, a former British Indian army officer, significantly aided in organizing the INA.
• Bose, in exile in Germany, arrived in Singapore in 1943 to lead the INA.
• Azad Hind Fauj comprised 45,000 soldiers, including Indian prisoners of war and settlers in Southeast Asia.
• On October 21, 1943, Bose declared the provisional administration of independent India in Singapore.
• INA launched an offensive in early 1944, attempting to drive the British out of northeastern India.
• Despite their fervent efforts, the attempt to liberate India was unsuccessful.
• While the Indian nationalist movement viewed Japan cautiously, Netaji saw a potential ally in overthrowing British control.
• Azad Hind Fauj and an uprising within India were seen as crucial for India’s freedom.
• Azad Hind Fauj organized a women’s unit, Rani Jhansi, led by Captain Lakshmi Swaminathan.
• Women played a significant role in the fight for India’s independence.
• Fascist Germany and Italy were defeated in 1945, concluding World War II.
• The U.S. used atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, leading to Japan’s surrender.
• Despite ending the war, atomic weapons caused new global tensions and a race for more destructive arms.

Subhash Chandra Bose: Important Events for UPSC

Here you can check all the important events in the life of Subhash Chandra Bose in the table below:

Explore the page to uncover the untold stories for Other Famous Personalities Biography and gain insights into the profound impact they have had on the world. Check here this link: Biographies of Famous Personalities .

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Subhash Chandra Bose Biography FAQs

Why subhash chandra bose is famous.

Subhash Chandra Bose, commonly known as Netaji, is renowned for his contribution to the campaign for Indian independence. He was a leader of the Indian National Congress and a member of the noncooperation movement. He belonged to the more militant wing and was well-known for his support of socialist principles.

How did Subhash Chandra Bose died?

Official versions have maintained that Netaji died in an aircraft crash on August 18, 1945, despite the continued doubts of some of his supporters and researchers.

Who called Netaji first time?

Early in 1942, German and Indian officials in the Special Bureau for India in Berlin and Indian soldiers of the Indische Legion addressed Bose as Netaji for the first time.

Who inspired Subhash Chandra Bose?

Subhash Chandra Bose was recognized for his ardent patriotism as a student and was greatly affected by Swami Vivekananda's teachings. In 1919, he traveled to England to apply for the Indian Civil Services in order to fulfill his parents' desires.

What is the famous slogan of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose?

Indian revolutionary Subhash Chandra Bose advocated for using force to overthrow the British. In 1943, he enlisted in the Indian National Army. "Tum mujhe khoon do mai tumhe azadi doonga" was one of his most well-known statements (Give me blood, I shall give you freedom) and Jai Hind' & 'Delhi Chalo'.

What did Subhash Chandra Bose do to India?

He organised the first Indian National Army (INA), Azad Hind Fauj, in 1943, launched an armed uprising, and motivated thousands of Indian youths to participate in the fight for freedom from British colonial control.

Who organized the first Indian National Army(INA)?

Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Organized the first Indian National Army(INA).

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• Subhash Chandra Bose Essay

Essay on Subhash Chandra Bose for Students

Essay writing imbibes writing skills among students. Hence, students are given the opportunity to write on various topics as a part of any language studies. At Vedantu, you can find free essays on different topics to understand how to write essays in exams to get good marks. Get an essay on Subhash Chandra Bose on Vedantu’s site.

Subhash Chandra Bose- An Unsung Hero

Whenever we hear the name Subhash Chandra Bose, the first thing that comes in our mind is a popular saying by him, “Tum Mujhe Khoon do main tumhe Azadi dunga”.

Subhash Chandra Bose, popularly known as Netaji, was a great militant, freedom fighter and a patriot. He was born in Cuttack, Orissa on 23rd January 1897 to Janakinath Bose and Prabhavati Devi. His father Janakinath Bose was a well-known lawyer of his time. His mother Prabhavati Devi was a religious woman. 

Subhash Chandra was a brilliant student who had scored the second position in the matriculation exam. At an early age, he started reading about Swami Vivekananda and Ramakrishna and was influenced by their teachings. Bose completed his B.A. Hons in Philosophy in 1918 from the University of Calcutta. He later went to England in September 1919 for further studies. He was selected for the Indian Civil Service but he did not want to stay in England and serve the British government. Subhash Chandra resigned from his Civil Service job in 1921 and returned to India after hearing of the national turmoil in India. 

From a young age, Subhash Chandra Bose had the nationalist temperament and Britishers’ discrimination towards Indians would fill him with rage. To serve the country, he joined the Indian National Congress (also known as the Congress Party). Bose joined the Noncooperation Movement, started by Gandhi under his influence. Bose was a revolutionary freedom fighter who was known to have founded the Azad Hind Army or Indian National Army. For his revolutionary movements, Bose had been to jail several times. He was suspected of connections with secret revolutionary movements and was sent to Mandalay Jail in Burma (Myanmar) where he contracted Tuberculosis. Bose was elected the president of Congress party and worked along with Jawahar Lal Nehru, another great political leader. Both had a more militant and left-wing approach to Independence, which became a reason for Bose’s differences with Gandhi and other Congress leaders. 

Bose’s selfless contribution to India’s Independence Movement and organizing and leading the Indian National Army is indispensable. His struggle of Independence was highlighted during the Civil Disobedience Movement for which he had even been arrested. In fact, he was imprisoned 11 times for his ideologies and the use of force against the British. Bose was elected the president of the Indian National Congress twice but he resigned from the post as he was against the congress internal and foreign policy. 

Soon, he left the party and went out of the country seeking an alliance with other countries to fight against British forces. He earned the support of the Japanese and they agreed to help him in forming the Indian national army in Southeast Asia. Later on, he became the commander of the INA. The Indian National Army attacked the North-eastern parts of India. This attack took place under the leadership of Subhash Chandra Bose and he was even successful in acquiring a few portions of the north-eastern parts of India. Unfortunately, the surrender of the Japanese forced him to withdraw and call off the war. It is believed that he died in a plane crash on 18th August 1945. Subash Chandra Bose was an unforgettable national hero who fought for the country’s freedom struggle against the British till his last breath. He is known to be one of the greatest heroes the country has ever seen!

A Little Bit About Subhash Chandra Bose

Subhash Chandra Bose was born in Cuttack, Orissa, in 1897. He grew up deeply identifying with the Indian Freedom Movement and subsequently became a part of it in the 1920s. 

He led a radical wing of the Indian National Congress (INC) throughout the 1920s and 1930s and eventually gained enough popularity and support to rise to a position of leadership in the INC. He eventually became the Congress President in 1938, but ended up leaving the party in 1939 because of a difference of opinion with the rest of the Congress leadership.

After his resignation from the Congress, he was placed under house arrest by the ruling British Government, but managed to escape India in 1940. Upon his escape, he made his way to Germany by 1941, where he secured the sympathy and help of the Nazi party in his plan to overthrow the British Occupation. With help from Germany's ally Japan, he Bose headed the Indian National Army (INA) which attempted to "conquer" parts of India, thereby freeing those areas from British Occupation. This attempt eventually failed and in 1945, the INA was soundly defeated by the British forces. 

Despite his failure at leading a military revolt against the British Occupation, Bose was extremely successful in another area. In 1941, a Free India Radio was set up with help from Germany, on which Bose regularly spoke about the Indian Freedom Movement. Due to his charisma and charm, he succeeded in generating a wave of support for the Indian Freedom Movement.

Subhash Chandra Bose was a great freedom fighter whose role in India’s Independence is instrumental. Through this essay, students will learn a great deal about Subhash Chandra Bose and his life. Writing about him will allow students to have knowledge about his struggle for freedom in detail. Download Free Essay on Subash Chandra Bose on our site. 

FAQs on Subhash Chandra Bose Essay

1. Who was Subhash Chandra Bose?

Subhash Chandra Bose was an Indian freedom fighter who was affectionately known as Netaji. His political and ideological views were largely influenced by the Bhagavad Gita and he worked tirelessly to gain independence for India from British rule. He believed in the ideals of democracy, however, he also believed that pure democracy would not work in a post-colonial India. He believed that the National Socialist model adopted by Soviet Russia would be the best model to implement in India. His life was filled with respect for his actions as a freedom fighter, but he also faced criticism for his alliance with Nazi Germany and Imperialist Japan to overthrow the British Occupation.

2. How to write an essay on Subhash Chandra Bose?

To write an essay on Subhash Chandra Bose, you can take a look at the example provided on this page. As you can see from the example provided, the essay is clearly divided into three main parts – the introduction, body, and conclusion. In the introduction, the essay briefly describes who Subhash Chandra Bose is, his family, his birthplace, and what he was known for. These points form the basis of your introduction because they let the reader know who the essay is about. The body of the essay goes more in depth about Subhash Chandra Bose's contribution to the Indian Freedom Movement and his ideology. This forms the bulk of the essay because it is what he is most known for. Finally, the conclusion of the essay summarises all of the information presented in the essay and draws a one-sentence conclusion about who Subhash Chandra Bose is and how he is remembered.

3. What was Subhash Chandra Bose's contribution to the Indian Freedom Movement?

Subhash Chandra Bose began his political career as one of the leaders of the Indian National Congress (INC). He worked alongside eminent personalities like Jawaharlal Nehru, Mahatma Gandhi, and other leading figures in the Indian Freedom Movement. However, he ended up leaving the INC in 1939 due to a difference of opinion with Mahatma Gandhi and the rest of the INC leadership. He escaped India in 1940 and formed an alliance with Nazi Germany and Imperialist Japan to provide aid in overthrowing the British Occupation. He, with the help of Japan, formed the Indian National Army, which included Indian soldiers, to fight against the British Government. While his efforts at overthrowing the British Government ultimately failed, he succeeded in gaining a lot of support for the Indian freedom struggle from other countries.

4. What is the structure of an essay?

In general, an essay consists of three parts – an introduction, body, and conclusion. The introduction comes first and usually consists of one short paragraph that briefly explains the topic and the thesis statement (when applicable). The next part is the body of the essay, which is the largest part of the essay. This can be any number of paragraphs. In the body, the writer explains their statement, gives evidence, and explains each individual point in separate paragraphs. The last part of the essay is the conclusion. In the conclusion, the writer briefly summarises all of the points discussed in the body of the essay and comes to a conclusion regarding the topic.

5. Where can I find more essays?

You can look through the Vedantu website or app for more essays like the one on Subhash Chandra Bose available on this page. Vedantu has plenty of example essays available for you to peruse and use as references. Some of the common topics used for English essays are historical figures, social issues, environmental issues, etc. By finding the appropriate example essays on Vedantu, you can learn how to structure your own essays, which will help you score higher in your exams.

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Netaji’s life and writings Pt_1

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Book Number: 2176 Book Title: Netaji’s life and writings Pt_1 Book Author: Bose, Subhas Chandra Book Language: English Number of Pages: 164 Publisher: Thacker, Spink; Calcutta; 1948 Subject: India, Biography; Freedom fighter, India; Indian National Army Source URL: http://asi.nic.in/asi_books/2176.pdf Year: 1948

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Essay on Subhash Chandra Bose [100, 150, 200, 250 Words]

Essay on Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose: Subhash Chandra Bose was a great leader of the freedom struggle who became Netaji because he led people on the right path. In this article, you are going to read 4 Essays on Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose (100, 150, 200, and 250 words). We’ve written these essays for classes 1 to 12. If you are looking for paragraph on Subhash Chandra Bose this article will be also helpful for you. So, let’s begin.

Table of Contents

Subhash Chandra Bose Short Biography

Essay on subhash chandra bose: 100 words.

Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose was born on January 23, 1897 in Cuttack, Orissa. His father was Janakinath Bose and mother was Prabhavati Devi. He was influenced by the teachings of Swami Vivekananda and Ramakrishna. He graduated from the Scottish Church College with first division. Subhash Chandra stood fourth in the ICS examination in England.

But He wanted to contribute to the Indian freedom struggle.  He was elected President of the Indian National Congress twice. He formed the Azad Hind Fauj on 5 th July 1943. He gave the famous slogan ‘Give me blood and I will give you freedom’ . It is believed that he died on 18th August 1945 in a plane crash.

Subhash Chandra Bose Essay: 150 Words

Subhash Chandra Bose was born on 23rd January, 1897 in Cuttack. He came of a very rich family and was a brilliant student. Though he passed the Indian Civil Service (I. C. S) examination, he refused to accept service under the British government.

Soon he joined politics and became the Mayor of Calcutta Corporation. He also became the youngest Congress President. India was then ruled by the British Government. Subhash Chandra wanted India to be an independent country and made several plans to achieve this goal. So he was imprisoned by the British Government.

But he left the country in disguise and formed the I. N. A. (Indian National Army) to liberate India from the clutches of the British rulers. He fought great battles to achieve his mission. It is said that he died in an air crash. But people have doubts about it. Subhash Chandra is remembered as a great Indian patriot.

Also Read: Essay on Mahatma Gandhi

Essay on Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose: 200 Words

The very designation ‘Netaji’ indicates Subhash Chandra as a leader. He is the ideal of Indian patriots. He was born in Cuttack, on January 23, 1897. His father Janakinath Bose was a foremost lawyer of Cuttack.

Subhash Chandra was a brilliant student. He stood second in the Matriculation Examination. He read in Presidency College and graduated from Scottish Church College. He stood 4th in the I.C.S. Examination in England. But he did not serve the British Government.

He rather joined the freedom movement of India. In 1930 Subhash Chandra Bose became the Mayor of Calcutta Municipal Corporation. He became the President of the Indian National Congress. But his differences with the Congress led him to start a new political party, Forward Bloc. During the Second World War he was kept interned in his own house. But he left in disguise.

He joined hands with enemies of British like Germany and Japan to get the British out of India. He formed the Azad Hind Fauj on July 5, 1943. His army invaded the British India. But the army had to retreat. Netaji was supposed to die in a plane crash in 1945. He is still alive in our hearts.

Also Read: APJ Abdul Kalam Essay in English

Essay on Subhash Chandra Bose: 250 Words

The name of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose is known to all. He was a great national patriot. He was born on 23 January 1897 at Cuttack in Odisha. Netaji’s father Janakinath Bose was a reputed lawyer of Cuttack and his mother Prabhavati Devi was a religious lady. She taught Netaji about India’s heritage in his boyhood.

Netaji was a bright student and got many scholarships. He passed the Entrance Examination with credit. In the I.C.S. Examination also he recorded very good marks. But he did not accept any job under the British.

He hated the foreign rulers by heart and wanted to make his motherland free from their rules. Soon, he decided to join India’s independence movement. He was influenced by Deshbandhu Chittaranjan Das and regarded him as his political guru and guide. He was elected as the President of the Indian National Congress.

Later he left the party and set up Forward Bloc. He was behind the bars for several times but did not give up his intense love for his motherland. He went to japan and formed the Indian National Army (INA). His slogan “give me blood, and I shall give you freedom” filled people with patriotic feelings.

He was a true leader and in the Army, he was called Netaji. Some say Netaji died in a plane crash but others believe this great hero was still alive. The mystery of his death is still unsolved. The great sacrifice of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose for our country will be remembered forever.

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Essays on 100, 150, 200, 250 words have been provided for the convenient of the students.

Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose was born on January 23,1897 in Cuttack,Orissa. His father was Janakinath Bose and mother was Prabhavati Devi.He was influenced by the teachings of Swami Vivekanand and Ramakrishna.He cane of a very rich family and was a brilliant student .Though he passed the Indian Civil Service (I.C.S) examination,he refused to accept service under the British government It is said the he died in a plane crash but some believe this great patriot was still alive He was such a great patriot

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