Show that you understand the current state of research on your topic.
The length of a research proposal can vary quite a bit. A bachelor’s or master’s thesis proposal can be just a few pages, while proposals for PhD dissertations or research funding are usually much longer and more detailed. Your supervisor can help you determine the best length for your work.
One trick to get started is to think of your proposal’s structure as a shorter version of your thesis or dissertation , only without the results , conclusion and discussion sections.
Download our research proposal template
Writing a research proposal can be quite challenging, but a good starting point could be to look at some examples. We’ve included a few for you below.
Like your dissertation or thesis, the proposal will usually have a title page that includes:
The first part of your proposal is the initial pitch for your project. Make sure it succinctly explains what you want to do and why.
Your introduction should:
To guide your introduction , include information about:
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As you get started, it’s important to demonstrate that you’re familiar with the most important research on your topic. A strong literature review shows your reader that your project has a solid foundation in existing knowledge or theory. It also shows that you’re not simply repeating what other people have already done or said, but rather using existing research as a jumping-off point for your own.
In this section, share exactly how your project will contribute to ongoing conversations in the field by:
Following the literature review, restate your main objectives . This brings the focus back to your own project. Next, your research design or methodology section will describe your overall approach, and the practical steps you will take to answer your research questions.
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To finish your proposal on a strong note, explore the potential implications of your research for your field. Emphasize again what you aim to contribute and why it matters.
For example, your results might have implications for:
Last but not least, your research proposal must include correct citations for every source you have used, compiled in a reference list . To create citations quickly and easily, you can use our free APA citation generator .
Some institutions or funders require a detailed timeline of the project, asking you to forecast what you will do at each stage and how long it may take. While not always required, be sure to check the requirements of your project.
Here’s an example schedule to help you get started. You can also download a template at the button below.
Download our research schedule template
Research phase | Objectives | Deadline |
---|---|---|
1. Background research and literature review | 20th January | |
2. Research design planning | and data analysis methods | 13th February |
3. Data collection and preparation | with selected participants and code interviews | 24th March |
4. Data analysis | of interview transcripts | 22nd April |
5. Writing | 17th June | |
6. Revision | final work | 28th July |
If you are applying for research funding, chances are you will have to include a detailed budget. This shows your estimates of how much each part of your project will cost.
Make sure to check what type of costs the funding body will agree to cover. For each item, include:
To determine your budget, think about:
If you want to know more about the research process , methodology , research bias , or statistics , make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples.
Methodology
Statistics
Research bias
Once you’ve decided on your research objectives , you need to explain them in your paper, at the end of your problem statement .
Keep your research objectives clear and concise, and use appropriate verbs to accurately convey the work that you will carry out for each one.
I will compare …
A research aim is a broad statement indicating the general purpose of your research project. It should appear in your introduction at the end of your problem statement , before your research objectives.
Research objectives are more specific than your research aim. They indicate the specific ways you’ll address the overarching aim.
A PhD, which is short for philosophiae doctor (doctor of philosophy in Latin), is the highest university degree that can be obtained. In a PhD, students spend 3–5 years writing a dissertation , which aims to make a significant, original contribution to current knowledge.
A PhD is intended to prepare students for a career as a researcher, whether that be in academia, the public sector, or the private sector.
A master’s is a 1- or 2-year graduate degree that can prepare you for a variety of careers.
All master’s involve graduate-level coursework. Some are research-intensive and intend to prepare students for further study in a PhD; these usually require their students to write a master’s thesis . Others focus on professional training for a specific career.
Critical thinking refers to the ability to evaluate information and to be aware of biases or assumptions, including your own.
Like information literacy , it involves evaluating arguments, identifying and solving problems in an objective and systematic way, and clearly communicating your ideas.
The best way to remember the difference between a research plan and a research proposal is that they have fundamentally different audiences. A research plan helps you, the researcher, organize your thoughts. On the other hand, a dissertation proposal or research proposal aims to convince others (e.g., a supervisor, a funding body, or a dissertation committee) that your research topic is relevant and worthy of being conducted.
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Juan Camilo Herrera
DEBATE! Is there a regional ius commune in Latin America? / Panel 155, page 106. The term Ius Constitutionale Commune en América Latina (ICCAL) is an initiative coined by scholars who have been documenting, conceptualizing, and comparing the develo¬pment of Latin American public law for more than a deca¬de. It encompasses themes that transcend national borders and legal fields, involving constitutional law, administrative law, general public international law, regional integration law, fundamental rights, and investment law. For its critics, however, this project is the latest expression of competing agendas within the Latin American legal space. Its suppo¬sed strong Eurocentric and judicial inclination may present a normative straitjacket to the pluralist historiographies of the region, thus neglecting constructions from below. Mo¬reover, conceptual, epistemological and democratic limits may blind the ICCAL project and hinder it from presenting a full account of Latin America‘s public law(s). Chair: J.H.H Weiler Presenters: Arturo Villagran: A Human Rights´ Tale of Competing Narratives Ximena Soley: Struggles within the Human Rights Field: The Matter of Real and Supposed Competing Narratives Alejandro Rodiles: The ICCLA Project: Latin American Public Law or Global Public Law in Latin America? Juan C. Herrera: Transformative Constitutionalism: An Original Latin American Understanding of Public Law ______________________________________________________________________________________ What do we mean by “Transformative Constitutionalism“ in Latin America? / Panel 190, page, 125. Over the past decades, Latin America has gradually beco¬me a key player for the present and future of public law. Particularly the regionalization of constitutional law and the internationalization of constitutional law that are occurring in this region demonstrate relevant elements for comparative studies between regional and domestic systems. In our panel we will discuss some of the key de¬velopments that shape the emergence of an original Latin American path. This path consists of elements from various legal orders that are united by a common thrust, namely transformative constitutionalism, and linked to the pro¬ject of a Ius Constitutionale Commune en América Latina (ICCAL). This enterprise links national and regional case law related to the American Convention on Human Rights, other inter-American legal instruments, the corresponding guarantees of national constitutions and the constitutional clauses that open domestic legal orders to international law and regional integration law. Chair: Armin von Bogdandy Presenters: Sabrina Ragone: Latin American Transformative Constitutionalism Through the Prism of European Constitutionalism Cecilia Medina Quiroga: The Battle of Rights and Transformative Constitutionalism Javier Couso: Transformative Constitutionalism: Evaluating Constitutional Strategies to Materialize Social Justice in Latin America Juan C. Herrera: The Taxonomies of the Latin American Corpus Iuris or How National Constitutions in the Region Open some Windows and Doors in favor of Regional Integration ______________________________________________________________________________________ Primero ríos, después montañas y ahora la Amazonía: Derechos de la naturaleza en perspectiva comparada / Panel 110, page, 81. In the last few decades, challenges that may reconfigure our relationship with our environment and the “things“ that are part of it have burst onto the scene. Recent legis¬lative and case-law precedents have recognized the legal rights of the Whanganui River and Taranaki Mountain in New Zealand, the Ganges River in India, the Atrato River and the Amazon region in Colombia. This tendency arises from an “ecocentric“ approach that is based on a funda¬mental premise: humans do not possess the relationship with the earth - instead, humans are the ones who belong to the planet, not in terms of property, but as one part of the whole. In this panel we want to interrogate key featu¬res of the legal person model adopted in each of the men¬tioned cases and explore the challenges posed by those features in the local context - the efficacy of the models adopted to protect nature as legal entity - new approaches to the protection of the planet from climate change with strategic litigation cases. Chair: Juan C. Herrera Presenters: Felipe Clavijo-Ospina: Nature rights in perspective: beyond the ecocentric theory and the biocultural rights (Derechos de la naturaleza en perspectiva: más allá de la teoría ecocéntrica y los derechos bioculturales) Tatiana Alfonso: Who is going to help us now? Challenges of implementation in the new environmental rights (¿Y ahora quién podrá ayudarnos?. Los desafíos que plantea la implementación de los nuevos derechos de la naturaleza) Juan C. Herrera: Hacking the Law: Do “things“ have rights?“ (“Hackeando el sistema jurídico: ¿tienen derechos las “cosas“?) Natalia Castro: Climate change litigation and protection of collective entities (Litigio en cambio climático y protección de entidades colectivas) Juan Ubajoa: The legal personality of nature and its elements versus the constitutional duty to protect the environment (La personalidad jurídica de la naturaleza y de sus elementos versus el deber constitucional de proteger el medio ambiente)
VI Conference of the International Society of Public Law (ICON-S): Public Law in Times of Change?
Ranieri L Resende
The analysis is focused on the national blockade of truckers which strongly affected Brazil between 21 and 31 May 2018, and its direct repercussions on the regulatory agency‘s behavior. To solve this crisis, significant part of the government‘s bargaining involved the participation of the National Agency of Terrestrial Transport (ANTT), which was responsible for the regulation of the minimal pricing policy for freight transportation throughout the country. However, the highly unstable regulations adopted by the Agency in just a few days have demonstrated the fragile autonomy of the entity, as well as revealed its de facto quasi-regulatory performance. The same perspective seems applicable to other Brazilian agencies, when analyzed the aggressive institutional pattern adopted by the Presidency, the Ministry and the Judiciary on regulatory issues, in order to weaken the agencies‘ independence and legitimacy.
Wolff, Jonas 2015: Beyond the Liberal Peace: Latin American inspirations for post-liberal peacebuilding, in: Peacebuilding 3: 3, 279-296.
Jonas Wolff
Critics of liberal peacebuilding have started to move beyond mere criticism and think about what hybrid or post-liberal peacebuilding might mean. This article aims at contributing to this debate by bringing contemporary experiences in that are usually not reflected in the peace-building literature. Since the turn of the century, political changes in a series of South Ameri-can countries, including most notably in the case of Bolivia, have led scholars to identify trends towards post-liberal ways of organizing and exercising political rule. The context in which these processes occur is, of course, very different from the so-called post-conflict so-cieties usually studied by peacebuilding scholars. Yet, precisely because of these differences, conditions for a locally driven search for post-liberal democracy are much better in Latin America. In this sense, while the attempt to move beyond liberal peacebuilding does certainly not need yet another template to be implemented worldwide, these experiences might well serve as important inspirations in the ongoing search for locally grown, hybrid variants of a post-liberal peace.
The research is focused on the adjudicatory nature of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights and its model of deliberation. In principle, identifying a large amount of individual opinions and their argumentative use could intuitively support the conclusion that the Inter-American Court‘s decision-making process is institutionally outlined by aggregating the content of separate opinions. In order to confirm or refute this perception, the importance of individual opinions is analyzed through the quantitative performance of each category of judge (ad hoc and regular), as well as each type of adjudicative activity (judgments and advisory opinions). The quantitative data is also useful to better understand the explicit assimilation of separate opinions to the core reasoning of future cases. As a result, it has been possible to identify relevant aspects applicable to the main problem of whether individual opinions really matter to the Inter-American Court‘s decision-making process.
Albert H.Y. Chen
The ideas and practices of written constitutions and constitutionalism that originated in the West in the 18th century were first imported into China in the late 19th century. There were three eras of constitution-making in modern Chinese history: the last decade of Qing imperial rule (1901-11), the republican era (1911-1949), and the communist era (1949-). The establishment of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in the Mainland in 1949 inaugurated a new era of constitution-making under the Soviet Union’s influence. However, even today, the discussion of “constitutionalism” (xianzheng) is still discouraged by the PRC regime, although the concepts of the (socialist) Rule of Law and human rights have been affirmed by constitutional amendments in 1999 and 2004 respectively. Part I of this paper will first review the historical evolution of constitutions in the modern world, and then consider the concepts and theories of constitutions and constitutionalism in the contemporary world. Part II introduces the historical and ideological contexts of constitutional developments in modern China, and describes the operation of the Chinese constitutional system. Part III considers the present state and future prospects of constitutionalism in China. Finally, part IV concludes the chapter.
Alexandru-Ionuț Drăgulin
Max Planck Encyclopedia of Comparative Constitutional Law (Oxford University Press)
Gábor Attila Tóth
For a later analysis, see also my Constitutional Markers of Authoritarianism, https://www.academia.edu/37557701/Constitutional_Markers_of_Authoritarianism
Claudio G Couto
Alberto Coddou
El presente trabajo es una primera version de un capítulo que forma parte de mi tesis de doctorado. Se pide a los lectores no difundir ni citar el texto sin mi permiso. Cualquier comentario adicional pueden enviarlo al correo electrónico [email protected] The present work is a first draft of chapter that will be included in my PhD thesis. Please do not circulate or cite without permission. Any comments are welcome ([email protected])
Daniel Antonio Garcia Huerta
The aim of this Working Paper is to assess the relevance of the hegemonic constitutional perspective on human rights. It argues that, detached from other social and political considerations, it is not effective in securing its own standards for humanity. A constitution alone cannot transform society by means of legal commands and discourses. It demands a more thorough involvement and transformation of social and political structures for effect. While most of the literature on the field has been focused on the constitutionalisation of rights, particularly after the boom of international human rights law, this paper aims to explore what follows the constitutional incorporation and social implementation of rights. To do that, this analysis will look critically to the process of constitutional inclusion and assess whether it has had a positive or negative impact on rights implementation and social transformation. For a better understanding of the relationship between rights and constitution, three different theories will be drawn on: social, political, and legal schools of thought. One of the goals of this work is to reject a hierarchical approach to rights and constitutions, on the one hand, and the democratic polity on the other, and to refocus the question more holistically how human rights are, or ought to be, about social transformation.
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The Library holds a copy of most research degree theses completed by students registered at UCL. Print copies of research theses are catalogued by author in Explore ; electronic versions are in many cases available on open access in UCL Discovery .
The Library does not normally have copies of UCL:
However the following libraries have small local theses collections covering their own subject areas, please contact the relevant library directly for more information:
Some departments may also maintain their own collections. For further details, please contact your departmental administrators.
Reference books.
When applying for a research grant or scholarship, or, just before you start a major research project, you may be asked to write a preliminary document that includes basic information about your future research. This is the information that is usually needed in your proposal:
Most agencies that offer scholarships or grants provide information about the required format of the proposal. It may include filling out templates, types of information they need, suggested/maximum length of the proposal, etc.
Research proposal formats vary depending on the size of the planned research, the number of participants, the discipline, the characteristics of the research, etc. The following outline assumes an individual researcher. This is just a SAMPLE; several other ways are equally good and can be successful. If possible, discuss your research proposal with an expert in writing, a professor, your colleague, another student who already wrote successful proposals, etc.
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In 2014, 50% of global cereal production came from just four countries: China, USA, India and Russia (The World Bank, 2016). By 2050, an increased population and changes to diets mean that food production is likely to have to increase by 60% to meet demand (Bruinsma, 2009). A recent OECD/FAO study projected cereal production to increase by 14% ...
Some sample proposals from previous years are available on the 'Proposal' (Topic 4) section of the Research Project Support Moodle. Structure. The structure and content of the proposal is similar to that of the introduction and method sections of a journal article:
in the following order:1. What. Explain what historical proble. (s) you want to understand. i.e. What are your research objectives, and what else do we need to know to understand why you're framing t. e historical problem as you are? This opening section may well include question marks - you literal.
larly research to date on your topic. Wh. t is the current state of your field? How would your research contri. e to the advancement of your field? 5) A description of your theoretical framework and methodological approach, including an explanation of. hy this is best suited to your topic.6) A brief statement on your.
UCL is consistently ranked as one of the top ten universities in the world (QS World University Rankings 2010-2022) and is No.2 in the UK for research power (Research Excellence Framework 2021). how_to_write_a_good_research_proposal.pdf | UCL School of Slavonic and East European Studies (SSEES) - UCL - University College London
Open and self-access resources from the IOE Academic Writing Centre to help you improve your academic reading and writing. This is a collection of free, open, self-access resources for students.
Preparing a research proposal. If you are looking for support in preparing a research proposal, contact your faculty Research Coordination Office (RCO). They offer guidance and resources to help you with grant writing, preparing for an interview, and obtaining letters of support, which can be accessed below (UCL login required).
How to Write a Research Proposal | Examples & ...
Proposals should be 1,000-1,500 words long, with a title, an overview of existing scholarship related to the research aims and objectives, specific research questions and a indication of the methodology to be employed. We recommend that you apply in the autumn to start the programme the following September.
This guide is primarily aimed at taught postgraduate students, but may also be of interest to final year undergraduates. It highlights the extensive online library collections and services available to you, and also directs you to other academic support services that may be useful when undertaking your dissertation or research project.
Research Proposal. PhD applications at UCL require a research proposal. This needs to demonstrate: 1) your ideas about a novel problem and its solution, 2) your knowledge of related work, and 3) your scientific writing. If accepted, the actual PhD might be slightly modified based on feedback and interaction with supervisors and colleagues.
Ph.D. Proposal Rocio Ferro-Adams (January 2019) (2,652 words) For consideration of ESRC Funding and Scholarship. UCL Research Studentships which open from 31 January 2019 I am a UK Student applying for a Ph.D. in the Americas Department. Full-time (three-year programme).
Systematic reviews are a type of literature review that follow a very rigorous and systematic searching, screening and analysis process. You can find out more about the process on our guide to systematic reviews. Usually a systematic review addresses a focused, structured research question to inform understanding on a particular topic and often to support evidence-based decision-making in that ...
A comprehensive research proposal is one of the most important parts of your PhD application, as it explains what you plan to research, what your aims and objectives are, and how you plan to meet those objectives. Below you will find a research proposal template you can use to write your own PhD proposal, along with examples of specific sections.
Interested applicants are strongly encouraged to review the research profiles of SSEES staff and to contact the academic with the appropriate specialization to discuss their application. Whilst you do not have to have secured a supervisor in order to apply for the MRes, if you have a preferred supervisor it is advisable to contact them in advance with your proposed topic to ensure they are ...
Impact-Statement-Guidance-Notes-for-Research-Students- ...
The Library holds a copy of most research degree theses completed by students registered at UCL. Print copies of research theses are catalogued by author in Explore; electronic versions are in many cases available on open access in UCL Discovery. The Library does not normally have copies of UCL: MA, MSc, MRes, LLM theses; Diploma theses
Some sample proposals from previous years are available on the 'Proposal' (Topic 5) section of the Research Project Support Moodle. ... the date, and (6) what ethical bodies' approvals are needed (e.g. NHS or UCL). If you are doing a joint project with other trainees, this should be stated here and the other trainees should be named ...
The 1,500 word research proposal is an important element of your application to doctoral study, whether full-time or part-time. It offers you the opportunity to outline the research you intend to conduct, including how you plan to go about it, and how your research might make a contribution to a theoretical or empirical evidence base.
Research proposals, like all other kinds of academic writing, are written in a formal, objective tone. Keep in mind that being concise is a key component of academic writing; formal does not mean flowery. Adhere to the structure outlined above. Your reader knows how a research proposal is supposed to read and expects it to fit this template.
Research proposal formats vary depending on the size of the planned research, the number of participants, the discipline, the characteristics of the research, etc. The following outline assumes an individual researcher. This is just a SAMPLE; several other ways are equally good and can be successful.
If you are looking for a research proposal example for students, here are some made for various disciplines and levels of study that you can emulate or derive valuable ideas from: Postgraduate Research. Sample proposal for a Clinical Health Project; Sample proposal for Social Policy and Criminology; Sample research proposal for Ph.D. Politics 1
Scientists write research proposals throughout their careers. E.g. for a PhD programme admission, when applying for academic jobs, for receiving research grants, ... Writing a good research proposal requires. Having a new idea and a value proposition. Knowledge about the state-of-the-art research. Good writing skills.
Find out the vision and scope for the ERB Centre research funding grants. Eligibility and Proposal Assessment Discover who is eligible to apply and the process for assessing proposals.
Up to four (4) successful proposals will receive up to £10,000 from UCL and $15,000 from U of T for one year to support collaboration activities. How to apply. 1. Proposals are to be prepared jointly, applicants are invited to submit their proposals via the application portal. 2.
Your proposal should demonstrate: Mutual expertise sharing: How the project will allow UCL and the prospective partner(s) to share their knowledge and expertise. Impact: How the project will increase or accelerate the impact of research, and measurable benefits for both organisations, such as developing new products, influencing policy, etc.
In July 2024, UCL hosted three Fellows from Wits and UCT. The project was established following discussions with UCL staff and global partners, which highlighted that differences in capacities and structures within research management ecosystems can create challenges when applying for, setting up, and managing global research projects.
University College London (UCL) and Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi (IITD) are contributing matching funds to support collaborative and interdisciplinary education and research initiatives, through a joint call for proposals, for the development of collaborative activities that will lead to impactful research outcomes.
UCL and Peking University (PKU) are contributing matching funds to support collaborative education and research initiatives through a joint call for proposals. The 2024/25 funding call opens on 6 September 2024 and will close at 11.59pm (UK Time) on 9 October 2024.
UCL and Tohoku University are contributing matching funds to support collaborative education and research initiatives through a joint call for proposals. The 2024/25 funding call opens on 6 September 2024 and will close at 11.59pm (UK Time) 9 October 2024 .