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Doctoral Degree

- application for semester 1, session 2024/2025 is now open..

* Deadline for Coursework / Mix Mode is 30 August 2024 * Application for Research Semester 2, Session 2023/2024 is still open until  31 May 2024

1) Applications must be submitted online through our application portal at https://apply.um.edu.my 2) Choose programme(s) 3) Complete your application - Personal details, academic qualifications, etc. 4) Upload document - Passport, photo, academic transcript, certificate, etc. 5) Pay application fee via Payment Gateway FPX, Debit/ Credit Card, Flywire. Payment of application fees: (a) Malaysian applicants: •⁠  ⁠Full-Time & Part-Time, Conventional Mode Programme: RM 50.00 per application •⁠  ⁠Full-Time, Online & Distance Learning Mode Programme: RM 300.00 per application (b) International applicants:  •⁠  Full-Time & Part-Time, Conventional Mode Programme: RM 300.00 per application •⁠  ⁠Full-Time, Online & Distance Learning Mode Programme: RM 300.00 per application 6) Submit your application and receive acknowledgement of your application via email. 7) Check the application status on the application portal. 8) Accept the offer on the application portal.

UM EXPERT APPLY Note : Universiti Malaya will not process any incomplete online application including those without application fees.

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Phd training programmes at fhml/mumc+.

The aim of the PhD education programme at the Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML) / Maastricht UMC+ is to promote development of a high level of competence in the specific research field, but also in more generic, transferable skills that are important for high-level professional careers in research, education, and clinical practice.

An important part of the PhD training occurs in the context of conducting the research project, under expert supervision. In addition, all PhD candidates are expected to engage in broader educational activities. PhD candidates formulate and regularly update their personal education plan in consultation with their supervisors, based on an assessment of previously acquired competencies, skills specifically needed for the PhD research, more general knowledge and skills, and future career plans. Acknowledging the diversity of academic backgrounds as well as the high time demands of ongoing research projects, the FHML education programme allows PhD candidates to choose from a wide range of courses, which are given by FHML staff and UM organisations and make use of various (face to face and online) educational formats.

Mandatory trainings

Find an overview here of the mandatory trainings for PhD's that started in January 2024.

Methodology and Statistics*

• Statistics part 1: Introduction
• Statistics part 2: Regression Analysis and SPSS
• Measuring error without error:  Reliability, agreement and validity studies
• Multilevel Analysis of Longitudinal Data (MALD)
• Survival Analysis  
• Introduction to Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)
• Introduction to R
• Your First Steps into Statistics (Online course)

Research integrity

• Research Ethics and Integrity
• SCIentific INtegrity – In-Depth course (SCIIN-ID)

Qualitative research

• Critical Choices in Qualitative Research 

FHML PhD course offer - free of charge* No-show or late cancelling will mean charging of costs to your supervisor's budget.

Biomedical and clinical research skills and Modules FHML Master's Programmes

FHML/MUMC+ course offer (fees required):

• Modules of the FHML Master Programmes
• Biomedical and clinical research skills -  Lab Animal Science   -  Radiation Protection Course 5b -  Basiscursus Regelgeving en Organisatie voor Klinisch onderzoekers (eBROK). Another option is to follow the e-learning course on this same topic at  GCP Central .

English Academic Skills programme

As a PhD candidate, you are expected to follow certain courses and training programmes in the context of your training as a researcher. The English Academic Skills programme of the Language Centre will help you conduct your research and write your dissertation.  

• PhD-1&2 Academic writing (beginner/advanced, preferred for PhDs based at UM/MUMC+)
• PhD-1&2 Critical writing online (beginner/advanced, preferred for external PhDs)
• PhD-4 Presentations.

A maximum of 3 courses of the Language Center are free of charge in case you are employed or registered as FHML PhD candidate. No-show or late cancelling will mean charging of costs to your supervisor's budget.

Information Skills

Save time and improve your research efficiency with  short courses & workshops by the Maastricht University Library , such as introduction to research data management, introductory and advanced courses EndNote, a workshop ‘increasing and measuring your research impact’ etc.

UM general PhD trainings

The UM general PhD trainings  consists of three courses: Research Ethics and Integrity, Open Science and Science Communication. These courses are obligatory for new PhD Students.

The information skills courses and the UM general PhD trainings are free of charge.

Career and development

The Staff Career Centre offers a range of courses that are particularly aimed at PhD candidates, on topics such as time management, self-management and career management, as well as individual career guidance and coaching on work-related problems. Olga Reneerkens, learning & development and career advisor and Hanneke Wessels, career advisor and coach are there to help. For more information check the SCC website and/or contact Olga at [email protected].  Only for FHML PhD candidates who are employed at UM. Your faculty or service centre will be charged half of the total costs.

University Teaching Skills

The Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML) offers MUMC+ staff a variety of activities to help them fulfil their educational and teaching responsibilities in the best possible way. The programme is designed to meet the requirements of educational practice at FHML, but individual needs will also be attended to. 

Overview of University Teaching Skills courses   -  Courses A-level teaching roles -  Courses B- and C- level

Valorisation

Today, young scientists operate in an academic environment that expects them to consider the potential impact of their research and to make an effort to valorise what is of societal, ecological, and/or economic value. At Maastricht University, PhD candidates are required to include a paragraph in their doctoral thesis that outlines the valorisation potential of the research findings presented in the thesis.

• Crafting the Valorisation Paragraph for your Doctoral Thesis  (summary workshop) 
• Valorisation guideline of Brightlands Maastricht Health Campus

School specific courses

Within the Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences / Maastricht UMC+  the following Graduate Schools offer PhD opportunities. For more information about programmes and courses, please have a look at the websites of the Graduate Schools.

    School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI)       School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM)        GROW - School for Oncology & Reproduction (GROW)       School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs)       School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM)       School of Health Professions Education (SHE)  

Additional PhD Courses

  Health Technology Assessment     Summer Course  Health Communication and Health Promotion  

External (non-FHML) online courses on R :

• R programming
• R for statistical analysis
• Statistics r harvardx
• Statistical computing r programming
• Data science statistical programming with r  

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All applications are made online through the Rackham Graduate School

[links appears below in blue bars.].

• Application Deadline:  December 1.
• [Waivers are available for domestic students. Email [email protected] to obtain the code for your application.]    

Application must include the following:

• Completed application form
• Statement of Purpose  — A precise, concise description of your background and career goals, and a detailed description of prior research experience
• Recommendations  — Three (3) letters of recommendation from professors or others qualified to evaluate your potential for graduate research
• Transcripts  — Official transcripts from all post-secondary institutions
• TOEFL  scores MUST be supplied by international applicants from non-English speaking undergraduate programs; institutional code  1839 , department code  35
• Note: we do NOT require the GRE.

Application evaluations and Interviews:

All aspects of the applications are considered carefully by at least 3 MCDB faculty members.  

Top candidates are invited for interviews.

Program In Biomedical Sciences (PIBS)

Another way to apply is to use the Rackham admissions link to apply through the Program in Biomedical Sciences (PIBS) administered by the UM Medical School. PIBS is an interdisciplinary program that coordinates admissions and first-year graduate studies for 14 doctoral programs.

MCDB does not accept international students through PIBS . International students must apply directly to the MCDB Graduate Program .

More information about PIBS . Deadline is December 1 .

General queries about your application: Rackham Graduate School Phone: 734.764.8129 Email: [email protected]

For specific MCDB questions: MCDB Graduate Coordinator Email: [email protected]

Graduate students: Grad Coordinator 734-615-1635 | | |

Chair's office: 734-764-7427

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Doctor of Philosophy in Computing

Prepare for a Rewarding Career in Computing Research and Academia

Established in a tradition of academic excellence, the University of Michigan-Flint’s Doctor of Philosophy in Computing program supports your growth as a leader and innovator in the computer science field. 

With a highly integrative approach and a strong emphasis on research, our doctoral degree in computing program creates a learning experience that cultivates problem-solving and leadership development. Additionally, the degree program is rigorous in nature and designed to be completed at a full-time pace and entirely on campus . Upon completing your doctorate, you emerge into the workforce, ready to become a world-class researcher, educator, or industry expert . Join our expanding community of dedicated scholars and researchers and make meaningful contributions to the ever-evolving computing discipline.

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On this Page

• Program Highlights
• Computing Curriculum 
• Career Outlook
• Admission Process and Requirements

Application Deadlines

Why earn your phd in computing degree at um-flint, diversify your skills to pursue a range of career paths.

In our PhD in Computing program, you undergo intensive training to develop a versatile and in-demand skill set, which helps you pursue a successful career trajectory.

Upon completing the doctoral program, you will be well prepared to assume leadership roles in academia, where you play a part in shaping the future of computer science and inspire students along their academic journey. Or, if you prefer, you take an alternative path and seek employment in the tech industry to spur innovation. 

Build Your Original Academic Research

In the PhD program, you collaborate with our distinguished College of Innovation and Technology faculty members on research projects that align with your personal scholarly and professional interests. This also allows you to begin building your body of original research and publications and establish yourself as a well-respected, innovative scholar in the field.

Additionally, as part of the world-renowned University of Michigan community, you have full access to the breadth of academic and research resources at the Flint, Dearborn , and Ann Arbor campuses.

Receive Full Funding for Your PhD

UM-Flint is committed to making graduate education affordable and supporting you along your doctoral journey. Our PhD in Computing program adheres to the CIT full-funding model for PhD students for up to five years. When accepted into the program, you receive full funding as a Graduate Student Instructor, Research Assistant, or a combination of both , which covers a monthly stipend, health insurance, and tuition waiver.

Funding is guaranteed based on continued good academic standing and adequate progress toward the PhD degree. Because of this guaranteed funding, the PhD in Computing program is only open to full-time students with the capacity for regular on-campus presence. Read our overview of UM-Flint’s GSRA qualifications and eligibility requirements .

Want to Learn More About Pursuing Your PhD in Computing? Request More Information to Receive Program Details!

Phd in computing program curriculum.

At UM-Flint, we created our Doctor of Philosophy in Computing program curriculum to challenge your technical knowledge, elevate your competencies and analytical skills, and shape you into an accomplished scholar. 

The number of content coursework credits you take depends on your previous academic experience. The program curriculum requires at least 38 credits of coursework beyond the bachelor’s degree. If you enter the doctoral program with a bachelor’s degree, you must complete all 38 credit hours of coursework. However, if you hold a master’s degree, you only need to complete 24 credits. Furthermore, if your master’s degree is from the University of Michigan Rackham Graduate School or UM-Flint, you are only required to complete eight credit hours of content coursework.

Besides the diverse range of coursework, our PhD program is research-oriented, meaning we evaluate your academic performance primarily based on peer-reviewed publication capability and output. You must earn 25 credits of research coursework dedicated to your research preparation and your dissertation. Additionally, we expect you to publish peer-reviewed journals and articles stemming from your dissertation research.

Doctoral Program Milestones

With the support of your selected research advisor and a dissertation committee, you must pass the following major milestones:

• Identifying the faculty advisor and research topic
• Completion of required coursework
• Passing the qualifying examination consists of two parts:
• Curriculum exam
• Research proficiency exam
• Advancement to candidacy
• Forming the dissertation committee
• Passing the dissertation proposal examination
• Completion of required research credit hours
• Preparation of a written dissertation and its oral defense

Review the Computing (PhD) program curriculum and course list .

Academic Advising

UM-Flint proudly offers expert academic advisors to guide your educational journey toward achieving a PhD degree in Computing.  To learn more about our doctoral program, please contact the program director, Doug Zytko, at [email protected] .

Career Outlook for Computer Scientists

As technology rapidly evolves and our societies become increasingly computerized, the fundamentals of how computing industries design, produce, and deliver products and services to their customers are changing. Such changes create a significant need for computer scientists with advanced knowledge of data management, data science, systems, security, and software engineering.

Likewise, manufacturers and service industries in Michigan and around the nation also recognize this current shift. In response, they encourage their technical workforce to advance their knowledge, skills, and expertise in these areas through graduate-level education and training. For many such scientists and engineers, this means pursuing doctoral-level degrees that offer specialized instruction and research experience in computer and information science. 

With the quality of instruction you receive in UM-Flint’s PhD program in Computing, you can pursue careers in a variety of industries, including faculty positions in academia or as an industry researcher or applied scientist .

The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) estimates that both career paths have a growing employment rate—university professors can expect their employment to increase by 8%, and computer scientists can anticipate an increase of 23%. Furthermore, both careers have earning potentials that exceed the national average. For professors, the median annual salary is $84,380, and for computer scientists, their salary averages $145,080.

Admission Requirements (No GRE Required)

To qualify for admission into the PhD in Computing program, you must meet the following requirements:

• Students from other areas who are accepted into the program and have an insufficient background in computing can be assigned remedial courses to complete.
• A minimum cumulative GPA of 3.2 or higher on a four-point scale for the BS degree and 3.5 or higher on a 4-point scale for the master’s degree.
• Calculus II
• Linear Algebra
• One course in data structures
• One course in computer organization
• One course in operating systems
• One course in programming
• One course in calculus-based probability and statistics.

Prior to applying to the doctoral program, we recommend that you speak with the director of the PhD in Computing program regarding your eligibility for admission. Please note: meeting the minimum admission requirements does not guarantee entrance into the program.

How to Apply to the Computing Doctoral Program

Due to its rigorous curriculum and competitive admission process, we strongly encourage you to connect with Doug Zytko , Director of the PhD in Computing program. During this meeting, you can discuss career and professional development goals to help determine if the doctoral program suits your academic and professional aspirations.

Additionally, you should meet with individual faculty members who may serve as dissertation chairs. This helps you connect with faculty members and determine who may share your research interests. If you need assistance identifying and contacting faculty members, please contact Doug Zytko.

Application Materials

To be considered for admission, submit the following to the Office of Graduate Programs:

• Application for Graduate Admission
• $55 application fee (non-refundable)
• Official transcript from the colleges or universities where you earned your degree(s) as well as any transcript that shows completion of prerequisite coursework. Please read our full transcript policy for more information .
• For any degree completed at a non-US institution, transcripts must be submitted for an internal credential review. Read the following for instructions on how to submit your transcripts for review .
• If English is not your native language, and you are not from an exempt country , you must demonstrate English proficiency .
• English Language Proficiency: Applicants who have earned or will earn a bachelor’s or master’s degree from an institution where the language of instruction is exclusively English are exempt from submitting an Official English Proficiency Score. All others must submit such a score. For more information, please review our required minimum overall scores .
• Three letters of recommendation, at least one of which must come from former faculty.
• Statements may be submitted online during the application process or emailed to [email protected] . 
• Students from abroad must submit additional documentation .

Please email all additional application materials to [email protected] or deliver them to the Office of Graduate Programs , located at 251 Thompson Library.

The PhD in Computing program is an on-campus program with in-person courses. As a new academic degree, this program is not currently accepting applications from international students seeking an F-1 visa. This program will accept applications from international students who are required to have an I-20 as soon as authorization from the Department of Homeland Security is received.

For other nonimmigrant visa holders currently in the United States, please contact the Center for Global Engagement at [email protected]  

The computing doctoral program only extends admissions offers for the fall and winter terms. If you are interested in applying for an upcoming class, please submit all application materials to the Office of Graduate Programs by 5:00 p.m. on the following application deadlines:

• April 1 (Fall)
• September 1 (Winter)

Achieve Your Highest Potential—Pursue Your PhD in Computing at UM-Flint

Embark on a rigorous academic journey that combines your passion for teaching and research and equips you to emerge as an expert in the tech field. By earning your Doctor of Philosophy in Computing degree from the University of Michigan-Flint, you undergo transformational training, acquire high-level research skills, and receive mentorship from leading experts. 

Take the next step toward becoming a scientist and an educator who leads, innovates, and inspires. Begin your UM-Flint application today ! If you have more questions about the graduate program, request more information .

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Elektrostal

Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.

Elektrostal , city, Moscow oblast (province), western Russia . It lies 36 miles (58 km) east of Moscow city. The name, meaning “electric steel,” derives from the high-quality-steel industry established there soon after the October Revolution in 1917. During World War II , parts of the heavy-machine-building industry were relocated there from Ukraine, and Elektrostal is now a centre for the production of metallurgical equipment. Pop. (2006 est.) 146,189.

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What Is a Graduate Degree? Your 2024 Guide

There's more than one type of graduate degree. Which could be right for you? Learn more about the three types of graduate degrees and the benefits of earning one.

A graduate degree is an academic program that you can pursue after getting your bachelor’s degree. A graduate degree—which includes master's degrees , professional degrees , and doctorate degrees —allows you to further specialize in an area of interest or choose a course that directly relates to or is accredited by the profession you want to enter. 

Students often pursue a graduate degree to gain access to more jobs, higher salaries, or as a stepping stone for further study. For specific careers, graduate qualifications will be essential, while for others, they may be a career boost, but you may be able to be more flexible on your choice of program. By earning a graduate degree, you can establish yourself as an expert in your field and potentially gain a competitive edge as a job candidate. 

3 types of graduate degrees

While researching graduate programs, you'll typically come across three types of degrees. The most commonly known is a master's degree, but it isn’t the only option. The term 'graduate degree' also includes PhDs and professional degrees, such as a Juris Doctor or Doctor of Medicine. Let's take a closer look at each:

1. Master's degree 

A master’s degree takes one to two years of full-time study , depending on the program and your schedule. Depending on the subject you choose, you may pursue a Master of Arts (MA) , Master of Science (MS) , or something more specialized. A master's degree incorporates coursework and independent study and usually requires the submission of a thesis or the completion of a capstone project. 

Specialized options include the Master of Business Administration (MBA) , among the most popular master’s programs, focusing on business management, including marketing, finance, sales, and accounting. You may also consider a Master of Fine Arts (MFA) , which is designed specifically for artists focusing on subjects like music, art, theater, and graphic design.

Read more: Is a Master's Degree Worth It?

2. Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Another popular graduate program is the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) , which takes between four and seven years . Courses at this level tend to be research-based, allowing you to test theories and hypotheses in your chosen field. Options for what to study are vast and can include areas relating to psychology, social science, humanities, and technology, among others. A PhD can take anywhere from three to eight years to complete. 

3. Professional doctorate

A professional doctorate is often the highest academic credential in a specific career. In this advanced degree, you'll apply research to solve practical problems within the field. Professional doctorates have many titles, including Juris Doctor (JD) and Doctor of Medicine (MD). While these degrees vary in length, they typically take between three and six years to complete. 

Skills acquired in graduate degree programs

A graduate degree allows you to develop skills in particular areas related to your specialization, but it also helps you to command general skills that are transferable to any career path. These include:

Verbal and written communication skills

Critical thinking

Problem-solving

Research skills

Ability to work independently and as part of a team

Time management

Leadership and coordination

Explore what it's like to earn a graduate degree online by enrolling in an open course from a top university on Coursera. Depending on the course, you could earn credit toward a master's degree:

Learn to manage people effectively with Strategic Leadership and Management from the University of Illinois Gies College of Business.

Think like a computer scientist with Computational Thinking for Problem Solving from the University of Pennsylvania.

Explore how the world around us impacts public health outcomes with the University of Michigan's Impacts of the Environment on Global Public Health .

Make better data-driven decisions with  Vital Skills for Data Science Specialization from the University of Colorado Boulder.

Give your team access to a catalog of 8,000+ engaging courses and hands-on Guided Projects to help them develop impactful skills. Learn more about Coursera for Business .

Frequently asked questions (FAQ)

How much do graduate degree holders earn ‎.

Depending on the industry and position, a 25-year-old, full-time worker with a master’s degree earns an average salary of $12,000 higher than those with only a bachelor’s degree [ 1 ]. ‎

Are graduate degree holders in high demand? ‎

The US Bureau of Labor Statistics projects employment for master’s level occupations will grow by 16.4 percent between 2020 and 2030 [ 2 ]. A recent survey by Career Builder shows that 33 percent of employers are asking for master’s degrees for positions previously filled by those with undergraduate degrees [ 3 ]. 

An undergraduate degree is required for most positions above entry-level, and a master's degree is preferred in some cases. Depending on your career goals, having a graduate degree could be an advantage.  ‎

How long does it take to earn a graduate degree? ‎

Completing a master's degree generally takes 18 months to two years, and a doctoral degree can take another four to eight years. The timeline for completion of a graduate degree will vary depending on the type of degree you pursue, your desired subject area, and the institution you choose to study at, as well as whether you decide to study full-time or part-time. ‎

What is the cost of a graduate degree? ‎

The cost of a graduate degree depends on the program and where you study. On average, a master’s degree costs $66,340 but can vary from $30,000 to $120,000 [ 4 ]. The average price of a PhD is $98,800 [ 5 ].  ‎

Can you do a graduate degree online? ‎

Yes, many online options are available for graduate study. Earning your graduate degree online often allows the flexibility of setting your schedule and studying from home or any other convenient location. It can also lower costs due to lack of a commute, possible lower tuition, and less costly materials. ‎

Article sources

1. US Bureau of Labor Statistics. “ Education Pays, 2020 ,  https://www.bls.gov/careeroutlook/2021/data-on-display/education-pays.htm.” Accessed August 24, 2022.

2. US Bureau of Labor Statistics. “ Employment Projections ,  https://www.bls.gov/emp/tables/education-summary.htm.” Accessed August 24, 2022.

3. CareerBuilder. “ Not Enough Educated Workers-Why This Matters To You , https://www.careerbuilder.com/advice/employers-looking-for-more-educated-workers.” Accessed August 24, 2022.

4. Education Data Initiative. “ Average Cost of a Master’s Degree, https://educationdata.org/average-cost-of-a-masters-degree.” Accessed August 24, 2022.

5. Education Data Initiative. “ Average Cost of a Doctorate Degree , https://educationdata.org/average-cost-of-a-doctorate-degree.” Accessed August 24, 2022.

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Coursera staff.

Editorial Team

Coursera’s editorial team is comprised of highly experienced professional editors, writers, and fact...

This content has been made available for informational purposes only. Learners are advised to conduct additional research to ensure that courses and other credentials pursued meet their personal, professional, and financial goals.

Elektrostal

City in moscow oblast, russia / from wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, dear wikiwand ai, let's keep it short by simply answering these key questions:.

Can you list the top facts and stats about Elektrostal?

Summarize this article for a 10 year old

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Graduate education at the University of Michigan is a shared enterprise. The Rackham Graduate School works together with faculty in the schools and colleges of the University to provide more than 180 graduate degree programs and to sustain a dynamic intellectual climate within which graduate students thrive.

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Introduction

This CAMPEP-accredited Medical Physics Certificate program is a two-semester program for individuals with a PhD in Physics, Engineering or a related field wishing to transition to a career in medical physics. Students will acquire a broad knowledge in medical physics, including radiation physics, radiobiology, radiation safety, medical imaging and the modern practice of radiation oncology, through both coursework and hands-on clinical experience. This non-degree program is designed to meet all the recommendations in Report 197S of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine. At the completion of this program applicants will be eligible to take the Part 1 of the ABR exam and will be eligible to enter CAMPEP-accredited medical physics residency programs.

Admission Requirements

Applicants are required either to be currently enrolled in a PhD program or to hold a PhD degree already in Physics, Engineering or equivalent with a minimum 3.3 GPA and demonstrate fluency in English. In order to obtain the certificate, the applicants must have the equivalent of a minor in physics which requires a two-semester calculus based introductory physics course and three upper-level physics courses as described in Audit Standards for Initial Certification document. This is a part of the requirement both for entering into the CAMPEP residencies and taking the ABR Part I certification exam.

Application must include completed application form, current CV, and transcripts. Applicant, whose PhD degree is from outside the United States, must also submit a Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) score with your application.

Course Requirements

The program requires completion of at least 6 courses (18 credits) taken in the Fall and Spring semesters. A maximum of 6 credits may be transferred provided that such credits have been earned through university-level courses appropriate to the certificate program upon approval by the program faculty. Applicants who have not earned credits in coursework for ethics and professionalism training must include this course in the curriculum. The curriculum include the following courses:

In addition to the required courses, students will be given a variety of other learning opportunities in ethics and error, clinical rotations, journal club, morning seminars and ground rounds.

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Graduate Studies

Take your career to the next level with flexible, affordable options for earning a michigan degree..

The world and the workplace are constantly changing. We’ll help you evolve with them. Through in-person, online and hybrid formats, we offer the flexibility you need to earn the degree that will advance your education and career. 

UM-Dearborn offers more than 50 graduate programs . Whether you’re exploring new career paths, are interested in moving up at your current organization or simply want to gain new skills and knowledge, we have the program that’s right for you. Gain invaluable experience and expertise in fields with high-earning potential, from environmental science to cybersecurity and information assurance , business analytics to health information technology . We offer many master's programs fully online , designed for working professionals and distance learners.

With small class sizes and a supportive learning environment, you’ll work closely with your professors. Through research and practice-based learning, you’ll gain intensive, practical experience that will expand your horizons and give you a competitive edge in the workplace. Our faculty have strong industry and community ties, and they’ll help you navigate local and international networks of professionals, many of whom want to hire from our pool of experienced graduates. And you’ll gain connections across the globe as a member of one of the world’s largest alumni networks, more than 650,000 strong.

The degree that makes a difference.

Explore our programs by college below.

Flexible, affordable and powered by Michigan.

Explore our programs by college below.  View an alphabetical listing of our programs .

College of Arts, Sciences, and Letters

• Applied and Computational Mathematics (MS)
• Clinical Health Psychology (MS)
• Criminology and Criminal Justice (MS)* 
• Environmental Science (MS)
• Public Administration and Policy (MPAP)

College of Business

• Accounting (MS)
• Business Administration (MBA) *
• Business Analytics (MS)
• Finance (MS)*
• Information Systems (MS)
• Marketing (MS)*
• Supply Chain Management (MS)

Dual-Degree Programs

• Accounting (MS) and Finance (MS)
• Business Administration (MBA) and Finance (MS)*
• Business Administration (MBA) and Health Services Administration (MHSA from Ann Arbor)
• Business Administration (MBA) and Information Systems (MS)
• Business Administration (MBA) and Industrial and Systems Engineering (MSE)*
• Business Administration (MBA) and Supply Chain Management (MS)

* Available online

College of Education, Health, and Human Services

• Applied Behavior Analysis (MS)
• Community Based Education (MA)
• Education (EdD)
• Education Specialist (EdS)
• Early Childhood Education (MA)*
• Education (MA)*
• Educational Leadership (MA)
• Health Care Administration and Leadership (MS)
• Health Information Technology (MS)
• Instructional Design & Learning Technologies (MA)*
• Teaching (MAT)

* Available online  

• Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL)*

All graduate credits earned in a certificate program at UM-Dearborn can be applied toward a UM-Dearborn graduate degree program pending individual course review and approval of the program.​​​​​​

College of Engineering and Computer Science

• Artificial Intelligence (MS)*
• Automotive Systems and Mobility (D.Eng.)
• Computer and Information Science (PhD)
• Electrical, Electronics, and Computer Engineering (PhD)
• Industrial and Systems Engineering (PhD)
• Mechanical Sciences and Engineering (PhD)
• Automotive and Mobility Systems Engineering (MSE) *
• Bioengineering (MSE)
• Computer Engineering (MSE)*
• Computer and Information Science (MS)*
• Cybersecurity and Information Assurance (MS)*
• Data Science (MS)*
• Electrical and Computer Engineering (DEng)
• Electrical Engineering (MSE)*
• Energy Systems and Sustainability Engineering (MSE)*
• Engineering Management (MS)*
• Human Centered Design and Engineering (MS)*
• Industrial and Systems Engineering (MSE)*
• Information Systems and Technology (MS)*
• Manufacturing Systems Engineering (MSE)*
• Materials Science and Engineering (MSE)*
• Mechanical Engineering (MSE)*
• Program and Project Management (MS)*
• Robotics Engineering (MSE) *
• Software Engineering (MS)*

Dual-Degree Program

• Industrial and Systems Engineering (MSE) and Business Administration (MBA)*
• ​Automotive Materials and Design*
• Automotive Noise, Vibration & Harshness*
• Automotive Powertrains*
• Control Systems*
• Electrical System Analytics*
• Electrical System Equipment*
• Electrical System Planning*
• Electrical System Protection and Control*
• Electric Energy Technology*
• Engineering of Electrified Vehicular Systems*
• Game Design*
• Industrial Mechatronics Graduate Certificate*
• Intelligent Systems in Engineering Applications*
• Materials for Manufacturing*
• Modeling and Simulations in Engineering*
• Plastic & Composite Materials*
• Program & Project Management*
• Software Engineering*
• Systems Engineering*
• Vehicle Electronics & Controls*

Featured Programs

Accreditation.

The University of Michigan-Dearborn earns its accreditation through the Higher Learning Commission (HLC), the regional accrediting organization approved by the Council for Higher Education Accreditation (CHEA) for degree-granting institutions in the state of Michigan.

UM-Dearborn Difference Maker

Our students are improving the lives of others and making an impact in the community.  Meet more Difference Makers.

At UM-Dearborn, it's not just education. It's a life here: you make friends, you build skills. ... It changed my life for sure. — Hesham Alghodhaifi, ‘21 Ph.D. in Computer Engineering

How to Reach Us

Office of Graduate Studies Phone: 313-583-6321 Email:   [email protected]

Related Resources

• Graduate Admissions
• University Catalog
• Academic Calendar
• Office of Graduate Studies

Upcoming Events

Office of graduate studies news.

First-year enrollment is highest in university history

Thank you, UM-Dearborn!

'The future belongs to you'

Through education, student plans to create a mental health support network 7,000 miles away

• Computer Science, MS

Gain cutting-edge expertise with our Master of Science in Computer Science (MSCS). Through flexible electives aligned with your career goals, or two optional areas of specialization in data science or software engineering, the MSCS prepares you to excel in today’s fiercely competitive tech industry.

• All Programs
• Request Information

About this Program

Computer science degree in seattle’s global tech industry.

Seattle University's Master of Science in Computer Science (MSCS) program offers a curriculum based on theoretical foundations and practical applications. The curriculum includes advanced courses in core areas of computer science and flexible electives that align with your professional goals.

History-Making Program for Today’s Computer Science Leaders

Seattle University has long been a leader in computer science and software engineering education. We established our pioneering Master of Software Engineering program in 1979 and awarded the world's first MSE degree in 1982. Our curriculum has been shaped by close contact with local industry professionals, ensuring that courses are relevant to the workplace and that projects are tailored to the professional needs of our students.

As the Puget Sound region developed into one of the world's leading technology hubs, our faculty developed connections with industry leaders to ensure SU students remain competitive in the job market.  Today, computer science is the fastest-growing program on our campus, and our graduate students are employed by major tech brands such as Microsoft, Meta, Google and others.

• How to Apply

Graduate Computer Science Degree at a Glance

Learn more about how this graduate degree from the Department of Computer Science will contribute to your career goals. Below you can explore the program variants and decide which path is the best fit for you. See for yourself how impactful a Seattle University degree can be.

In the general option, you get to choose your electives. You can develop a focused or broad foundation that aligns with your interests and academic goals. There are two variations of the MSCS general option:

• Course Only: You take an additional elective course and a seminar that explores state-of-the-art technology advances in computer science.
• Research Project: You complete a faculty-supervised research project spanning 2-3 academic quarters. The research projects enable you to focus on your specific areas of interest and the research interests of faculty members.

If you chose to participate in research project opportunities, you’ll have a chance to be mentored by faculty, publish your work, and present on campus or at conferences. These projects provide distinctive opportunities to gain hands-on research experience and prepare you for career advancement or for further post-graduate education at internationally recognized institutions.

Sample Plan for MSCS – General Option

The MSCS with a specialization in data science (MSCS-DS) provides you the opportunity to develop computer solutions related to data science. Our unique program is designed so that upon completion, you’ll receive both an MSCS degree and a specialization within data science.

This combination is very attractive to today's leading employers as there's growing demand for developers that have experience in data science. As a student in this specialization, you must complete the set of core courses that are part of all MSCS degrees at Seattle University, plus a set of data science courses. The program culminates in a capstone project that addresses real-world challenges in the field of data science.

The specialization can be completed in as little as five academic quarters, only if you start in the fall quarter. Due to course sequencing, if you start in the winter quarter you can complete the program in seven academic quarters, and if you start in the spring quarter you can complete the program in six academic quarters.

Data Science Specialization Outcomes

• Demonstrate a solid foundation in core areas of data science theory and practice including data analysis methodologies, machine learning, and best practice in data visualization and presentation of analysis results and conclusions.
• Demonstrate theoretical and practical skills in the systems and software engineering needed to process large data sets.

Sample Plan for MSCS - Data Science Specialization

The MSCS with a specialization in software engineering (MSCS-SE) enables you to build the skill set you will need for a fulfilling career in the software industry. You'll gain hands-on experience across the software development life cycle — from requirements analysis, to architecture and design, to development and testing. The Department of Computer Science has been working with local tech companies for decades, meaning you'll benefit from close industry connections and a curriculum that is current and relevant to industry needs.

The MSCS-SE program consists of a set of core courses common to all MSCS degrees at Seattle University plus a set of software engineering courses. The program culminates in a capstone project that addresses real-world challenges in the field of software engineering.

The specialization can be completed in six academic quarters if you start in the fall quarter, five academic quarters if you start in the winter quarter and seven academic quarters if you start in spring quarter.

Software Engineering Specialization Outcomes

• Demonstrate a solid foundation in core areas of software engineering theory and practice including all areas of the software development life cycle.
• An ability to function effectively on teams to establish goals, plan tasks, meet deadlines, manage risk and produce deliverables.

Sample Plan for MSCS - Software Engineering Specialization

• Demonstrate in-depth knowledge of core areas and advanced topics in computer science.
• An ability to design, implement and evaluate computer-based solutions to meet a given set of requirements.
• An ability to effectively communicate technical concepts in written and oral form.
• An ability to make informed judgments in computing practice based on legal, ethical and social considerations.
• An ability to understand computer science literature to maintain professional currency.

What You’ll Learn

Explore the classes you’ll take as a student here.

• Course Catalog

Top 25% in Science & Engineering

Seattle University ranks #40 in the nation —U.S. News & World Report, 2023

Ready for Seattle’s Top Tech Jobs

High-Demand Graduates

Our curriculum was developed in collaboration with industry leaders and designed to prepare you with the industry’s most in-demand technical and problem-solving skills, enabling you to distinguish yourself in a fiercely competitive job market. In fact, most MSCS graduates are employed within six months of graduation (2017–2020). Seattle University graduates are employed by Amazon, Microsoft, Google, F5 Networks and other major tech firms in the region.

Projected Job Growth (2022-2032)

According the the Bureau of Labor Statistics, demand for software developers is expected to grow 25 percent over the next decade.

Inclusive, Global Education

As a student at Seattle University, you'll have the opportunity to learn in one of the largest and most culturally diverse independent universities in the Northwest. Our Jesuit values mean we see the world through a global, justice-focused lens. Our strong commitment to diversity and low student-to-faculty ratio help create a forward-thinking, close-knit community where everyone can feel at home—and go on to thrive in a global workforce.

Support for Career Changers

Are you interested in the MSCS program but have no undergraduate computer science coursework? Bridge to the MSCS through the Computer Science Fundamentals Certificate. You’ll get the coursework you need to transition to the full computer science graduate program.

From Our Alumni

Rupansh phutela.

“The CS faculty at Seattle U is truly exceptional, combining deep expertise with a genuine commitment to student engagement and growth. Working closely with some of the best professors at the university, Dr. Shadrokh Samavi and Prof. Timothy Spinney, I witnessed an unwavering dedication to student success and willingness to provide guidance and mentorship. If you're looking to advance your education in computer science and explore cutting-edge technology stacks, I highly recommend Seattle U.”

MSCS ’23

Featured Faculty

Professor and Amazon Chair, Computer Science

Professor, Computer Science

Assistant Professor, Computer Science

Assistant Teaching Professor

Professor and Associate Chair, Computer Science

Associate Professor, Computer Science

Associate Teaching Professor, Computer Science

Associate Teaching Professor, Computer Science Director, Computer Science Fundamentals Certificate Program

Adjunct, Computer Science

Professor and Director of MSCS Ph.D., Computer Science, University of Cincinnati

Discover More Programs to Explore

Computer science fundamentals, certificate.

The Computer Science Fundamentals Certificate prepares you for a new career in the tech industry and is a bridge to the MS in Computer Science program. No prior programming experience is required.

• Certificate

Data Science, MS

Our graduate degree in data science combines aspects of statistics and computer science with data analysis and modeling. You’ll gain the technical and analytical skills needed to advance your career.

• Master of Science

Computer Science, Accelerated BS & MS

Earn both a BS and MS in computer science in only 5 years. You’ll save time on your advanced degree and enjoy a streamlined graduate application process.

• Bachelor of Science, Master of Science

Get in Touch

We’re here to help. For information about computer science graduate degrees at Seattle University, contact:

Computer Science Department

• [email protected]
• 206-296-5510

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Pre-Law Course Offerings in Sociology

The Department of Sociology has created a Pre-Law Outreach program for students wishing to attend law school and work in the criminal justice system. Although the American Bar Association does not recommend a specific undergraduate major to students wishing to obtain a degree in law, they encourage students to pursue an area of interest. To this end, the Department of Sociology has designated courses and cognates that provide students the opportunity to become well versed in the sociological theories, paradigms and research efforts directly pertinent to the law, criminal behavior, or the criminal justice system. Students with these interests should consider a major or minor in Criminology or Sociology.

Sociology Courses for Pre-Law Interested Students

In addition to these courses, the Department of Sociology administers   People and Society   cognates that may be of interest to Pre-Law students:

Inquiries regarding the Department of Sociology Pre-Law Outreach Program should be directed to:

Inquiries regarding the pre-law advising should be directed to:.

Department of Sociology & Criminology

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Orientation Webinar for the Earth-Life Science Course as part of the International Graduate Program, Institute of Science Tokyo (currently Tokyo Institute of Technology) (commencing from April 2025)

  The Earth-Life Science Course, an integrated master’s and doctoral educational degree programme on origins of life and astrobiology, is an International Graduate Program launched at Tokyo Institute of Technology* through the Earth-Life Science Institute (ELSI) in 2022. The five-year Earth-Life Science Course is open for domestic and international students who wish to tackle fundamental questions in natural science, such as the origin and evolution of living planets. ELSI will provide financial support (as research assistantship salary) for all accepted students (both domestic and international).   *Institute of Science Tokyo will be established on October 1, 2024, following the merger between Tokyo Medical and Dental University and Tokyo Institute of Technology.

Two orientation sessions describing the program and application for prospective international students will be held via Zoom on :

Wednesday, July 24. 2024 at 09:00 – 10:00 (JST) and at 20:00 – 21:00 (JST).

This orientation will include a Q&A session with ELSI PIs and A-PIs, where prospective students can ask detailed questions about the program and application progress, as well as a breakout session, where prospective students can communicate directly with ELSI PIs and/or A-PIs. You can attend either orientation session.

The target audience of this webinar is undergraduate students or bachelor’s degree holders aiming to start the integrated course from April 2025 or later.

A video will also be posted on the ELSI YouTube channel about two weeks prior to the orientation, which will be a formal presentation that introduces the Earth-Life Science Course at large, as well as each research lab at ELSI; it will also provide information about the entrance exams and application procedure. Because the video will not be played during the orientation webinars (which will focus on questions and discussion), each participant is requested to watch the video in advance.

To attend, please register via this Google form in advance ( click here ) . The registration deadline will be 24 hours before the start of each webinar.

If you have any questions, please contact us via <edu-info [at] elsi.jp> (replace [at] to @). You can also find other relevant information here:

• Information on the Earth-Life Science Graduate Course: https://graduate.elsi.jp/international-students
• Information on the Earth-Life Science Graduate Course on the Tokyo Tech website: https://www.titech.ac.jp/english/0/prospective-students/graduate-majors/els
• Information on the application procedure (IGP-C, Tokyo Tech): https://www.titech.ac.jp/english/admissions/prospective-students/graduate-programs/igp-c

(The information will be updated in early August.)

• StudentInfo

• Undergraduate Program

Graduate Program

Academic Calendar

• UNM Catalog 2021-2022
• > Colleges
• > College of Arts and Sciences
• > Biology
• > Graduate Program

Application Deadline Applications are accepted in Fall with a Priority Deadline: January 3 . Applications continue to be accepted until the class is filled.

Degrees Offered

• Master of Science in Biology  (M.S.)
• Doctor of Philosophy in Biology  (Ph.D.) Concentration: Integrative Biology.

Areas of study: arid land ecology, behavioral ecology, botany, cellular and molecular biology, community ecology, comparative immunology, comparative physiology, computational biology, conservation biology, ecology, ecosystem ecology, evolutionary genetics, evolutionary biology, genomics, microbiology, molecular genetics, parasitology, physiology, physiological ecology, population biology, systematics, vertebrate and invertebrate zoology.

Interdisciplinary Programs

Computational Science and Engineering:  The Computational Science and Engineering interdisciplinary graduate certificate program prepares students to effectively use high-performance computing within their disciplines and is open to graduate students in this department. See the  School of Engineering   section of this Catalog.

Nanoscience and Microsystems Engineering:  This department participates in the interdisciplinary Nanoscience and Microsystems Engineering M.S. and Ph.D. programs; for more information, see the Graduate Interdisciplinary Studies section of this Catalog.

Students considering applying for graduate study are encouraged to write to the Department of Biology or consult our Web site for information and application material. Each applicant’s course background is evaluated and emphasis is placed on the applicant’s scholarship and research potential. Letters of reference are particularly important. The General Graduate Record Exam test scores are required. Each applicant must include a letter of intent stating the reasons for attending, goals and the tentative academic area in which he/she hopes to work. All applicants must be sponsored by at least one member of the graduate faculty before admission to graduate study can be recommended by the Graduate Student Selection Committee.

The Department of Biology offers the Ph.D., M.S. Plan I (thesis option) and M.S. Plan II (non-thesis option). The M.S. Plan II is not a research degree and normally does not lead to work in the doctoral program. It is intended primarily for individuals who wish to supplement their baccalaureate programs with additional coursework. The M.S. Plan I is a research degree with the same philosophy as the Ph.D. It is not a prerequisite for the Ph.D. but may lead to work on that degree. Students whose ultimate goal is a Ph.D. are encouraged to consult with potential advisors within the department about applying directly to the Ph.D. program. The research degree is the heart of the graduate program. The Biology Department Graduate Handbook gives additional information on all aspects of the graduate program. The  Biology Department Graduate Handbook should be consulted by all students who have been admitted to the Program.

Degree Requirements

General requirements for the Ph.D. degree in Biology are presented in the Graduate Program section of this Catalog. In addition to the comprehensive and final examinations required by Graduate Studies, departmental requirements include a series of graduate core courses and a public final defense. At least one outside referee (extradepartmental) is mandatory for reviewing the dissertation and participating in the public final defense of the dissertation. Formal experience in lecturing and laboratory direction under the supervision of a professor in an appropriate field is required. The candidate for the Ph.D. in certain fields of biology may carry on research for the dissertation at the Los Alamos National Laboratory, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Sandia National Laboratories or Santa Fe Institute under the terms of an agreement for cooperation between the University of New Mexico and these institutions. Certain conditions have been specified for the acceptance of students for research at these institutions; each case is considered on an individual basis. Several researchers at all four institutions, as well as the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the New Mexico Game and Fish Department, and the New Mexico Museum of Natural History, have adjunct faculty status in the Biology Department and may co-chair graduate student committees.

M.S. Plan I. General requirements for this degree are presented in the  Graduate Program  section of this Catalog.

M.S. Plan II. General requirements for this degree are presented in the  Graduate Program  section of this Catalog. The program of studies is determined in consultation with the student’s major advisor.

Non-Biological Skills.  Candidates for the M.S. degree are required to satisfy one non-biological skill, while Ph.D. candidates must satisfy two skill areas. Areas of non-biological tool skills include advanced training in mathematics and/or statistics, computer science, chemistry or biomedical instrumentation. A minimum of 6 credit hours per skill with a grade point average of 3.0 ("B") or better can satisfy the requirement. Courses taken to meet the non-biological skill requirements cannot be counted toward credit hours required for graduate degrees. Tool skill requirements may also be met by demonstrating proficiency in consultation with a student’s graduate committee.

Ph.D. in Biology: Concentration in Integrative Biology

Awarded to students who, in addition to satisfying the general requirements for a Ph.D. in Biology, satisfactorily complete three core Program in Interdisciplinary Biological and Biomedical Sciences classes. These are: BIOL 520 (3 credit hours; also offered as ANTH 620, CS 520, ECE 620, STAT 520), BIOL 503 (3 credit hours), and BIOL 524 (3 credit hours). In addition, students must satisfactorily complete a post-doctoral preparatory course (1 credit hour; currently offered as BIOL 502), a scientific ethics course/seminar taught or approved by PiBBs, and two additional integrated courses outside of biology to demonstrate depth in a secondary discipline. Finally, students must establish an interdisciplinary doctoral dissertation committee, which should have co-mentorship or active participation by faculty from two or more different departments, including Biology.

Ph.D. Minor in Integrative Biology

The minor is awarded to students who satisfactorily complete three core classes offered by the Program in Interdisciplinary Biological and Biomedical Sciences (PiBBs). These are:

• BIOL 503 (3 credit hours).
• BIOL 520 (3 credit hours; also offered as ANTH 620, CS 520, ECE 620, STAT 520).
• BIOL 524 (3 credit hours).

In addition, students must satisfactorily complete a post-doctoral preparatory course (1 credit hour; currently offered as BIOL 502), and a scientific ethics course/seminar taught or approved by PiBBs, along with two additional integrated courses in biology, or, for biology students, two additional integrated courses outside of biology to demonstrate depth in a secondary discipline.

Finally, students must establish an interdisciplinary doctoral dissertation committee, which should have co-mentorship or active participation by faculty from two or more different departments, including biology. A total of 16 credit hours are required for the award of a transcripted minor at the Ph.D. level.

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Keys and Symbols Reference

BIOL 1110 . General Biology . (3)

This course introduces non-science majors to basic biological concepts including, but not limited to, the properties of life, biochemistry, cell biology, molecular biology, evolution, biodiversity, and ecology. Three lectures. 

Credit for both this course and BIOL 1140 may not be applied toward a degree program.

Meets New Mexico General Education Curriculum Area 3: Physical and Natural Sciences.

{Fall, Spring}

BIOL 1110L . General Biology Laboratory . (1)

This laboratory course for non-science majors compliments the concepts covered in the associated general biology lecture course. Students will learn quantitative skills involved in scientific measurement and data analysis. Students will also perform experiments related to topics such as biochemistry, cell structure and function, molecular biology, evolution, taxonomic classification and phylogeny, biodiversity, and ecology. One 3-hour lab per week including plant and animal diversity, techniques and investigation of current issues.

Pre- or corequisite: 1110.

BIOL 1140 . Biology for Health Sciences . (3)

Buckholz, Howe, Kennedy.

This introductory biology course for students interested in health science careers focuses on the concepts of chemistry, cell biology, metabolism, genetics, and regulation of gene expression. Not accepted toward the Biology major.

Credit for both this course and BIOL 1110 may not be applied toward a degree program.

BIOL 1140L . Biology for Health Sciences Laboratory . (1)

This course is a laboratory that complements the concepts learned in the theory course. Students will learn skills involved in scientific measurement, microscopy, and mathematical analysis. Students will also perform experiments and data analysis related to cell structure and function, chemistry, enzyme activity, and genetics.

Pre- or corequisite: 1140.

BIOL 1150 . Biodiversity . (3)

Biodiversity is the variety of life on earth. There are 2-10 million species on earth, but this number surely is vastly underestimated. Moreover, 99% of all species that ever existed are extinct. This course provides a broad survey of biodiversity-past, present, and future-with an emphasis on major groups in the tree of life (e.g., insects, plants, vertebrates, fungi, bacteria, etc.) and how humans interact with earth's biodiversity. We will explore biodiversity as it relates to earth history, mass extinctions, conservation, economics, ecology, evolution, and human society. We will also explore ways in which we categorize biodiversity (taxonomy and systematics) and catalog it for study (museums).

BIOL 1996 . Topics . (1-6, no limit Δ)

BIOL 2110C . Principles of Biology: Cellular and Molecular Lecture and Laboratory . (4)

Adema, Hofkin, Howe, Natvig, Stricker, Vesbach.

This course introduces students to major topics in general biology. This courses focuses on the principles of structure and function of living things at the molecular, cellular and organismic levels of organization. Major topics included are introduction to the scientific process, chemistry of cells, organization of cells, cellular respiration, photosynthesis, cell division, DNA replication, transcription, and translation. Three lectures, one discussion section.

Students who completed AP Chemistry in high school should see the instructor of record or a Biology department advisor.

Prerequisite: (CHEM 1215 or CHEM 1217) and CHEM 1215L.

BIOL 2210 . Human Anatomy and Physiology I . (3)

This course is the first of two that serve as an introduction to human anatomy and physiology for Biology majors and allied health students. The course entails describing, explaining, and analyzing structure and function from the submicroscopic to the organismal level with emphasis on anatomic, directional, and sectional terminology, basic cellular structure and metabolism, tissue differentiation and characteristics, and organ system structure and function; Specifically the integumentary, skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems. Three lectures.

Prerequisite: ((1140 and 1140L) or 2110C) and (CHEM 1120C or CHEM 1215).

BIOL 2210L . Human Anatomy and Physiology I Laboratory . (1)

This is the first in a series of two laboratory courses designed to introduce laboratory practices and techniques for human anatomy and physiology, from the basic cell structure through the organ system level; specifically the integumentary, skeletal, muscle, and nervous systems.

Pre- or corequisite: 2210.

BIOL 2225 . Human Anatomy and Physiology II . (3)

This course is the second of two that serve as an introduction to human anatomy and physiology for biology majors and allied health students. The course entails describing, explaining, and analyzing structure and function from the submicroscopic to the organismal level with emphasis on specific cellular, tissue, and organ structure and physiology, and organ system structure and function; specifically the endocrine, cardiovascular, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive systems. Additionally, an analysis of these concepts is included: fluid and electrolyte balance, pregnancy, growth and development from zygote to newborn, and heredity.Three lectures.

Prerequisite: 2210.

BIOL 2225L . Human Anatomy and Physiology II Laboratory . (1)

This is the second in a series of two laboratory courses designed to introduce laboratory practices and techniques for human anatomy and physiology, from the basic cell structure through the organ system level; specifically the endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive systems.  Three hours lab.

Pre- or corequisite: 2225.

BIOL 223 . Biotechnology Laboratory Techniques I . (4)

The first course in a series of three which provides credit for students who are in the Biotechnology Program at CNM and working toward the B.S. in Biology with a concentration in Biotechnology at UNM.

Offered on a CR/NC basis only.

BIOL 224 . Biotechnology Laboratory Techniques II . (4)

The second course in a series of three which provides credit for students who are in the Biotechnology Program at CNM and working toward the B.S. in Biology with a concentration in Biotechnology at UNM.

Prerequisite: 223.

BIOL 225 . Biotechnology Laboratory Techniques III . (3)

The third course in a series of three which provides credit for students who are in the Biotechnology Program at CNM and working toward the B.S. in Biology with a concentration in Biotechnology at UNM.

BIOL 2305 . Microbiology for Health Sciences . (4)

This course introduces the basic principles of microbial structure, genetics, and physiology, virology, parasitology, disease, pathogenicity, epidemiology and immunology. Only some emphasis is given to basic biological principles. The course is designed for those obtaining a career in the health sciences. Not accepted toward the Biology major or minor.

Credit for both this course and BIOL **351/**352L may not be applied toward a degree program.

Prerequisite: ((1140 and 1140L) or 2110C) and (CHEM 1120C or (CHEM 1215 and CHEM 1215L)).

BIOL 2410C . Principles of Biology: Genetics Lecture and Laboratory . (4)

Mitosis, meiosis, Mendelian genetics, chromosomes and inheritance, molecular basis of inheritance, genes to proteins, genetic models (viruses and bacteria), eukaryotic genomes, genetic basis of development and overview of genomes. Three lectures, 1 discussion section. 

Prerequisite: 2110C and ((CHEM 1215 or CHEM 1217) and CHEM 1215L).

Pre- or corequisite: (CHEM 1225 or CHEM 1227) and CHEM 1225L).

BIOL 2996 . Topics . (1-6, no limit Δ)

BIOL 300 . Evolution . (3)

Basic principles, and contemporary issues of evolution. Three lectures.

Prerequisite: 304 and 304L.

BIOL 303 . Ecology and Evolution . (3)

Introduction to concepts in ecology and evolution including history of evolutionary thought; microevolution (including natural selection); speciation; macroevolution; patterns of species diversity and abundance; organismal, behavioral, population, community and ecosystem ecology; and conservation biology.

Prerequisite: 2410C.

Pre- or corequisite: 303L and (MATH 1430 or MATH 1512).

BIOL 303L . Ecology and Evolution Laboratory . (1)

An experiment-based approach to understanding core concepts in ecology and evolution. Students will develop hypotheses, collect data, evaluate their hypotheses, and explain their conclusions in an ecological or evolutionary context.

Corequisite: 303.

BIOL 304 . Plant and Animal Form and Function . (3)

Exploration of relationships between structure and function in plants and animals including plant growth; transport; nutrition; reproduction; development; control systems; and animal nutrition; circulation; reproduction; development; and immune, control and nervous systems.

Prerequisite: 303 and 303L and ((CHEM 1225 and CHEM 1225L) or CHEM 1227).

Pre- or corequisite: 304L and (MATH 1430 or MATH 1512).

BIOL 304L . Plant and Animal Form and Function Laboratory . (1)

An experiment-based approach to understanding the relationship between structure and function in plants and animals. Students will develop hypotheses, collect data, evaluate their hypotheses, and explain their conclusions.

Corequisite: 304.

BIOL 310 . Principles of Ecology . (3)

A comprehensive survey of the ecology of individuals, populations, communities and ecosystems. Three lectures, 3 hours lab or field exercise.

BIOL 310L . Principles of Ecology Laboratory . (1)

Laboratory for BIOL 310.

Corequisite: 310.

BIOL **351 . General Microbiology . (3)

Anatomy, physiology and ecology of microorganisms. Principles of bacterial techniques, host-parasite relationships and infection and immunity. Three lectures. 

Credit for both this course and BIOL 2305 may not be applied toward a degree program.

Pre- or corequisite: **352L.

BIOL **352L . General Microbiology Laboratory . (1)

Methods and techniques used in microbiology. 1 hour lab.

Pre- or corequisite: **351.

BIOL 360L . General Botany . (4)

Overview of plant anatomy, physiology, classification, evolution and ecology. Covers both higher and lower plants. Two lectures, 4 hours lab.

BIOL 365 . Evolution of Human Sexuality . (3)

An examination of how natural selection has shaped the sexual psychologies of men and women and how evolutionary theory can guide the study of sexual psychology and behavior.

BIOL 379 . Conservation Biology . (3)

Importance of biological diversity from ecological, aesthetic, economic and political viewpoints. Extinction as a past, present and future process, and the roles of genetics, levels of biological organization, reserves and laws in the protection and recovery of endangered organisms.

BIOL 386L . General Vertebrate Zoology . (4)

Ecology, behavior, sociology, adaptations, and evolution of the vertebrates. Three lectures, 3 hours lab.

BIOL 400 . Senior Honors Thesis . (1-3, no limit Δ)

Original theoretical and/or experimental work under supervision. Work for the thesis is carried on throughout the senior year. A maximum of 4 credit hours may be applied toward the Biology major; additional credit hours contribute to upper-level Arts and Sciences requirements.

{Summer, Fall, Spring}

BIOL *401 . Topics in Cell and Molecular Biology . (3 or 4, may be repeated three times Δ)

Continually changing selection of sections that satisfy upper-division Cell/Molecular breadth requirement. (CM)

Restriction: junior or senior standing and permission of instructor.

BIOL 402 / 502 . Topics in Biology . (1-3, no limit Δ)

A maximum of 4 credit hours may be applied toward the Biology major. A maximum of 2 credit hours may be applied toward the Biology minor. Additional credit hours contribute to upper-level Arts and Sciences requirements.

Restriction: senior standing and permission of instructor.

BIOL 404 / 504 . Topics in Physiology . (3 or 4, may be repeated three times Δ)

Continually changing selection of sections that satisfy upper-division Physiology breadth requirement. (PH)

Prerequisite: 304 and 304L.

BIOL *406 . Topics in Organismal Biology . (3 or 4, may be repeated once Δ)

Continually changing selection of sections that satisfy upper-division Organismal Biology breadth requirement. (OR)

BIOL 408L / 508L . Bosque Internship . (3, may be repeated twice Δ)

UNM students train as interns with the Bosque Ecosystem Monitoring Program to mentor K-12 students and teachers in monthly data collection at field sites along the Rio Grande floodplain. Study includes ecosystem dynamics and environmental education components. Weekly on- and off-campus meetings (K-12 interaction limited in summer session). (EE)

Prerequisite: 1110 or (304 and 304L).

BIOL 409 / 509 . Topics in Ecology-Evolution . (3 or 4, may be repeated three times Δ)

Continually changing selection of sections that satisfy upper-division Ecology/Evolution breadth requirement. (EE)

BIOL *412 . Developmental Biology . (3)

Comparative biology of animal development emphasizing regulatory mechanisms. (CM)

BIOL 413 . Human Microanatomy: Histology of Organs, Tissues, and Cells . (3)

This lecture course and online lab examine the microscopic structure and function of organs, tissues, and cells while using medical histories of famous people to illustrate concepts of human histology.

Prerequisite: 304L.

BIOL 419 / 519 . Topics in Interdisciplinary Science . (3 or 4, may be repeated three times Δ)

Continually changing selection of section that satisfy upper-division Interdisciplinary breadth requirement. (ID)

BIOL *425 . Molecular Genetics . (3)

Molecular biology of the gene. (CM)

BIOL *429 . Molecular Cell Biology I . (3)

Cellular processes with emphasis on membranes; includes reading original landmark papers in cell biology. (CM)

Prerequisite: 304 and 304L and (CHEM 2120 or (CHEM **301 and CHEM 303L)).

BIOL *435 . Animal Physiology . (3)

Toolson, Wolf.

The function of organ systems in animals, emphasizing neuromuscular, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and renal physiology. (PH)

Prerequisite: *371L or 386L. 

Restriction: permission of instructor.

BIOL 445 / 545 . Biology of Toxins . (3)

Principles of toxicology; pharmacology and biotransformation of xenobiotics. Mechanism of action, medical uses, and evolutionary ecology of biological toxins. (PH)

BIOL 446 / 546 . Laboratory Methods in Molecular Biology . (4)

Principles of DNA and RNA purification, enzymatic manipulation of nucleic acids, molecular cloning, gel electrophoresis, hybridization procedures and nucleotide sequencing. Two hours lecture, 5 hours lab. (CM)

BIOL *450 . General Virology . (3)

Structure, properties, and molecular biology of viruses; virus-host interactions, multiplication, pathology, epidemiology, effects of chemical and physical agents, classification. (CM)

Prerequisite: 304 and 304L and **351 and **352L.

BIOL *451 . Microbial Ecology . (3)

Role of microorganisms in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Emphasis on biogeochemistry and nutrient cycling. Three lectures. (EE)

BIOL *455 . Ethology: Animal Behavior . (3)

A survey of behavior patterns in animals, with emphasis on adaptive significance. (EE)

BIOL 456 / 556 . Immunology . (3)

Immunoglobulin structure, antigen-antibody reactions, immunity and hypersensitivity; experimental approach will be emphasized. Three lectures. (PH)

Prerequisite: 304 and 304L

Pre- or corequisite: BIOC 445.

BIOL 457 / 557 . Diversity and Evolution of Animal Sexual Strategies . (3)

The course surveys the diversity of strategies in animal sexual systems and examines the evolutionary derivation of those strategies. The influence of varying sexual strategies on animal behavior, morphology, diversity and other attributes is examined.

BIOL 461L . Introduction to Tropical Biology . (4)

Marine and terrestrial tropical environments, primarily in the Caribbean; topics stressed may include organisms, communities, structure, function, distribution, geology, history, politics, ecology and others. Two lectures, 2 hours lab, one-week field trip to the Caribbean and field trip fee is required. Open to majors and/or non-majors. (EE)

BIOL 471 / 571 . Plant Physiological Ecology . (3)

Interaction of plants with their environment, covering plant water relations, carbon gain and utilization and soil mineral nutrition. Common research methodologies will be demonstrated in class. (ID)

Prerequisite: 310 and 360L.

BIOL 475 / 575 . Community Ecology . (3)

Plant community structure and dynamics in North American deserts and grasslands. Field trip to Sevilleta LTER required. (EE)

BIOL 480 / 580 . Global Change Biology . (3)

An advanced ecology course that gives students a broad overview of biological responses to global change at multiple levels of organization, and the scientific approaches used to study these responses.

Prerequisite:  304 and 304L.

BIOL 482L / 582L . Parasitology . (4)

The protozoa and worms important in human and veterinary medicine. Emphasis on life histories, epidemiology and ecology of parasites with laboratory practice in identification and experimentation. Three lectures, 3 hours lab. (OR)

BIOL *483L . Discovering Arthropods . (4)

Introduction to the non-insect arthropods (millipedes, centipedes, arachnids, crustaceans and their relatives), their diversity and natural history.

BIOL 484 / 584 . Biology of Fungi . (4)

Systematics, reproduction and ecology of fungi. Biology of economically and medically important fungi, and the roles of introduced fungi in shaping human history and natural environments.

BIOL 485L / 585L . Entomology . (4)

Classification, phylogeny, natural history and literature of insects. Three lectures, 3 hours lab. (OR)

BIOL *486L . Ornithology . (4)

C. Witt, Wolf.

Classification phylogeny, natural history and literature of birds. Field trips required. Three lectures, 3 hours lab. (OR)

BIOL *487L . Ichthyology . (4)

Classification, phylogeny, natural history and literature of fishes. All-day field trips and one or more overnight field trips required. Three lectures, 3 hours lab. (OR)

BIOL *488L . Herpetology . (4)

Classification, phylogeny, natural history and literature of reptiles and amphibians. All-day field trips and one or more overnight field trips required. Two lectures, 6 hours lab. (OR)

Prerequisite: 386L.

BIOL *489L . Mammalogy . (4)

Classification, phylogeny, natural history and literature of mammals. All-day field trips and one or more overnight field trips required. Three lectures, 3 hours lab. (OR)

BIOL *490 . Biology of Infectious Organisms . (3)

The full spectrum of infectious entities including prions, viruses and parasitic prokaryotes and eukaryotes will be discussed with respect to their transmissibility, interactions with immune systems and their influences on evolutionary processes and biodiversity issues. (CM)

BIOL 491 / 591 . Population Genetics . (3)

(Also offered as ANTH 491 / 591) 

This course investigates how genetic variation is patterned within and between and how these patterns change over time. Topics include neutral theory, population structure, phylogenetics, coalescent theory, molecular clock, and laboratory methods. (EE)

BIOL 492 / 592 . Introductory Mathematical Biology . (3)

Application of mathematics to models of biological systems, from genes to communities. Emphasis placed on broadly-applicable concepts and qualitative solution techniques. Laboratory exercises introduce students to MATLAB programming. (ID)

Prerequisite: (MATH 1430 and MATH 1440) or (MATH 1512 and MATH 1522).

BIOL *494 . Biogeography . (3)

Geographical distributions of organisms: patterns and their ecological and historical causes. (EE)

BIOL *495 . Limnology . (3)

Biological, physical and chemical interactions in fresh water ecosystems. Three lectures. (ID)

Prerequisite: 304 and 304L and ((CHEM 1225 and CHEM 1225L) or (PHYS 1240 or PHYS 1320)).

BIOL *496L . Limnology Laboratory . (1)

Techniques for studying the biology, chemistry and physics of aquatic ecosystems.

Pre- or corequisite: *495.

BIOL 497 . Principles of Gene Expression . (3)

A detailed and critical study of how different genes are regulated during the life of an organism, principally at the level of transcription. (CM)

BIOL 498L / 598L . Genome Editing . (4)

This course will train students in learning and using state of the art techniques to manipulate the DNA sequence of cells. Students will develop targeting vectors and isolate mutant lines for analysis.

Prerequisite: **351 and **352L.

BIOL 499 . Undergraduate Problems . (1-3, no limit Δ)

A maximum of 2 credit hours may be applied toward the Biology major. Not accepted toward the Biology minor.

BIOL 500 . New Graduate Student Seminar . (1)

BIOL 502 / 402 . Topics in Biology . (1-3, no limit Δ)

A maximum of 4 credit hours may be applied toward the Biology major.

BIOL 504 / 404 . Topics in Physiology . (3 or 4, may be repeated three times Δ)

Continually changing selection of sections that satisfy upper-division Physiology breadth requirement.

BIOL 508L / 408L . Bosque Internship . (3, may be repeated twice Δ)

UNM students train as interns with the Bosque Ecosystem Monitoring Program to mentor K-12 students and teachers in monthly data collection at field sites along the Rio Grande floodplain. Study includes ecosystem dynamics and environmental education components. Weekly on- and off-campus meetings. (K-12 interaction limited in summer session).

BIOL 509 / 409 . Topics in Ecology-Evolution . (3 or 4, may be repeated three times Δ)

Continually changing selection of sections that satisfy upper-division Ecology/Evolution breadth requirement.

BIOL 511 . Macroecology . (3)

A large-scale statistical approach to study the abundance, distribution and diversity of organisms.

BIOL 516 . Basic Graduate Ecology . (4)

Major themes in current ecological research, with in-depth exploration of the theoretical and empirical literature of individual, population, community, ecosystem and landscape ecology. Recommended for all Biology Department graduate students in any field of ecology, evolution and behavior. Three lectures, 1.5 hours lab/discussion.

BIOL 517 . Basic Graduate Evolution . (4)

An in-depth coverage of the primary literature and ideas in the major areas of evolutionary biology: adaptationism, social evolution, phylogeny, molecular evolution, speciation. Recommended for all Biology Department graduate students in any field of ecology, evolution and behavior. Three lectures, 1.5 hours lab/discussion.

BIOL 519 / 419 . Topics in Interdisciplinary Science . (3 or 4, may be repeated three times Δ)

BIOL 520 . Topics in Interdisciplinary Biological and Biomedical Sciences . (3, no limit Δ)

(Also offered as ANTH 620, CS 520, ECE 620, STAT 520)

Varying interdisciplinary topics taught by collaborative scientists from UNM, SFI, and LANL.

BIOL 545 / 445 . Biology of Toxins . (3)

Principles of toxicology; pharmacology and biotransformation of xenobiotics. Mechanism of action, medical uses, and evolutionary ecology of biological toxins.

BIOL 546 / 446 . Laboratory Methods in Molecular Biology . (4)

Principles of DNA and RNA purification, enzymatic manipulation of nucleic acids, molecular cloning, gel electrophoresis, hybridization procedures and nucleotide sequencing. Two hours lecture, 5 hours lab.

BIOL 551 . Research Problems . (1-12, no limit Δ)

BIOL 556 / 456 . Immunology . (3)

Immunoglobulin structure, anitigen-antibody reactions, immunity and hypersensitivity; experimental approach will be emphasized. Three lectures.

BIOL 557 / 457 . Diversity and Evolution of Animal Sexual Strategies . (3)

BIOL 561 . Tropical Biology . (4)

Marine and terrestrial tropical environments, primarily in the Caribbean; topics stressed may include organisms, communities, structure, function, distribution, geology, history, politics, ecology and others. Two lectures, 2 hours lab, one-week field trip to the Caribbean and field trip fee is required. Open to majors and/or non-majors.

BIOL 571 / 471 . Plant Physiological Ecology . (3)

BIOL 575 / 475 . Community Ecology . (3)

Plant community structure and dynamics in North American deserts and grasslands. Field trip to Sevilleta LTER required.

BIOL 580 / 480 . Global Change Biology . (3)

BIOL 582L / 482L . Parasitology . (4)

The protozoa and worms important in human and veterinary medicine. Emphasis on life histories, epidemiology and ecology of parasites with laboratory practice in identification and experimentation. Three lectures, 3 hours lab.

BIOL 584 / 484 . Biology of Fungi . (4)

BIOL 585L / 485L . Entomology . (4)

Classification, phylogeny, natural history and literature of insects. Three lectures, 3 hours lab.

BIOL 591 / 491 . Population Genetics . (3)

(Also offered as ANTH 591 / 491)

This course investigates how genetic variation is patterned within and between and how these patterns change over time. Topics include neutral theory, population structure, phylogenetics, coalescent theory, molecular clock, and laboratory methods.

BIOL 592 / 492 . Introductory Mathematical Biology . (3)

Application of mathematics to models of biological systems, from genes to communities. Emphasis placed on broadly-applicable concepts and qualitative solution techniques. Laboratory exercises introduce students to MATLAB programming.

BIOL 598L / 498L . Genome Editing . (4)

BIOL 599 . Master's Thesis . (1-6, no limit Δ)

BIOL 651 . Advanced Field Biology . (4-8)

Approval of Committee on Studies required.

BIOL 699 . Dissertation . (3-12, no limit Δ)

Course Search:

Keyword search:.

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Frequently asked questions about educational assistance programs

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FS-2024-22, June 2024

This fact sheet provides answers to frequently asked questions (FAQs) related to educational assistance programs under section 127 of the Internal Revenue Code (Code) (a section 127 educational assistance program).

These FAQs are being issued to provide general information to taxpayers and tax professionals as expeditiously as possible. Accordingly, these FAQs may not address any particular taxpayer’s specific facts and circumstances, and they may be updated or modified upon further review. Because these FAQs have not been published in the Internal Revenue Bulletin, they will not be relied on or used by the IRS to resolve a case. Similarly, if an FAQ turns out to be an inaccurate statement of the law as applied to a particular taxpayer’s case, the law will control the taxpayer’s tax liability. Nonetheless, a taxpayer who reasonably and in good faith relies on these FAQs will not be subject to a penalty that provides a reasonable cause standard for relief, including a negligence penalty or other accuracy-related penalty, to the extent that reliance results in an underpayment of tax. Any later updates or modifications to these FAQs will be dated to enable taxpayers to confirm the date on which any changes to the FAQs were made. Additionally, prior versions of these FAQs will be maintained on IRS.gov to ensure that taxpayers, who may have relied on a prior version, can locate that version if they later need to do so .

More information about reliance is available . These FAQs were announced in IR-2024-167 .

Background on educational assistance programs

You may exclude certain educational assistance benefits from your gross income if they are provided under a section 127 educational assistance program. That means that you won’t have to pay any tax on the amount of benefits up to $5,250 per calendar year and your employer should not include the benefits with your wages, tips and other compensation shown in box 1 of your Form W-2. However, it also means that you can’t use any of the tax-free education expenses as the basis for any other deduction or credit, including the lifetime learning credit. If any benefits are received under a program that does not comply with section 127 or if the benefits are over $5,250, the amounts may be excluded under section 117 or deducted under section 162 or section 212 if the requirements of such section are satisfied.

Amounts paid under a section 127 educational assistance program are generally deductible by the employer as a business expense under section 162.

Questions and answers on educational assistance programs

Q1. what is an educational assistance program.

A1. An educational assistance program is a separate written plan of an employer for the exclusive benefit of its employees to provide employees with educational assistance.

To qualify as a section 127 educational assistance program, the plan must be written, and it must meet certain other requirements. Your employer can tell you whether there is a section 127 educational assistance program where you work.

A sample plan for employers PDF is available. An employer may tailor its plan to include, for example, conditions for eligibility, when an employee’s participation in the plan begins and prorated benefits for part-time employees. However, a program cannot discriminate in favor of officers, shareholders, self-employed or highly compensated employees in requirements relating to eligibility for benefits.

Q2. What are educational assistance benefits?

A2. Tax-free educational assistance benefits under a section 127 educational assistance program include payments for tuition, fees and similar expenses, books, supplies and equipment. The payments may be for either undergraduate- or graduate-level courses. The payments do not have to be for work-related courses.

Tax-free educational assistance benefits also include principal or interest payments on qualified education loans (as defined in section 221(d)(1) of the Code). Section 127 requires that such loans be incurred by the employee for the education of the employee and not for the education of a family member such as a spouse or dependent. These payments must be made by the employer after March 27, 2020, and before January 1, 2026 (unless extended by future legislation). The payments of any qualified education loan can be made directly to a third party such as an educational provider or loan servicer or directly to the employee, and it does not matter when the qualified education loan was incurred. A qualified education loan is generally the same as a qualified student loan. See Qualified Student Loan in Chapter 4 of Publication 970, Tax Benefits for Education.

Educational assistance benefits do not include payments for the following items:

• Meals, lodging or transportation.
• Tools or supplies (other than textbooks) that you can keep after completing the course of instruction (for example, educational assistance does not include payments for a computer or laptop that you keep).
• Have a reasonable relationship to the business of your employer, or
• Are required as part of a degree program.

An employer may choose to provide some or all of the educational assistance described above. The terms of the plan may limit the types of assistance provided to employees.

Q3. What is the total amount that an employee can exclude from gross income under section 127 of the Code per year?

A3. Under section 127, the total amount that an employee can exclude from gross income for payments of principal or interest on qualified education loans and other educational assistance combined is $5,250 per calendar year. For example, if an employer pays $2,000 of principal or interest on any qualified education loan incurred by the employee for the education of the employee, only $3,250 is available for other educational assistance.

The annual limit applies to amounts paid and expenses incurred by the employer during a calendar year. If an employee seeks reimbursement for expenses incurred, the expenses must be paid by the employee in the same calendar year for which reimbursement is made by the employer, and the expenses must not have been incurred prior to employment (however, qualified education loans may be incurred by the employee in prior calendar years and prior to employment, and payments of principal and interest may be made by the employer in a subsequent year). “Unused” amounts of the $5,250 annual limit cannot be carried forward to subsequent years.

Q4. What is a qualified education loan?

A4. A qualified education loan (as defined in section 221(d)(1)) is a loan for education at an eligible educational institution. Eligible educational institutions include any college, university, vocational school or other postsecondary educational institution as defined in sections 221(d)(2) and 25A(f)(2). The Department of Education determines whether an organization is an eligible education institution. A loan does not have to be issued or guaranteed under a Federal postsecondary education loan program to be a qualified education loan.

Q5. How can payments of qualified education loans be made?

A5. In the case of payments made after March 27, 2020, and before January 1, 2026 (unless extended by future legislation), depending on how a particular employer has designed its section 127 educational assistance program, an employer may provide payments of principal or interest on an employee’s qualified education loans (as defined in section 221(d)(1) of the Code) for the employee’s own education directly to a third party such as an educational provider or loan servicer, or make payments directly to the employee.

Generally, the payment by an employer of principal or interest on any qualified education loan incurred by the employee for the education of the employee under section 127(c)(1)(B) is only available if an employer amends the terms of its plan to include the benefit. If the plan is currently written to provide generally for all benefits provided under section 127, then it is possible that the plan would not need to be amended to provide for the qualified education loan benefit under section 127(c)(1)(B).

Q6. Are employer payments of qualified education loans for spouses and dependents excluded from gross income under section 127 of the Code?

A6. Under section 127 of the Code, an educational assistance program must be provided for the exclusive benefit of employees. A program that provides benefits to the spouse or dependents (as defined in section 152) of an employee is not a section 127 educational assistance program. Spouses and dependents of employees who are also employees, or spouses and dependents of owners who are also employees, may receive benefits under the program, but they are subject to a rule that prohibits discrimination in favor of these employees in requirements relating to eligibility for benefits, and to a rule that limits the benefits that may be provided to them under the program to 5 percent of the benefits under the program.

Section 127 provides an exclusion from gross income for loan payments made by an employer after March 27, 2020, and before January 1, 2026 (unless extended by future legislation), on a qualified education loan incurred by the employee for the employee’s own education. Thus, a payment of principal or interest by the employer on a loan incurred by an employee for the education of the employee’s spouse or dependent may not be excluded from the employee’s gross income. In addition, a payment by the employer on a loan incurred by the parent of an employee for the education of the employee may not be excluded from the parent’s or the employee’s gross income.

Q7. Can student debt be reimbursed under a section 127 educational assistance program?

A7. Student debt may consist of a variety of expenses. If the debt was incurred as a result of expenses that are permissible benefits under section 127 of the Code (such as tuition, books, equipment, qualified education loans (in the case of payments made before January 1, 2026 (unless extended by future legislation)), etc.), the employer may reimburse the employee for these expenses as educational assistance benefits, and the employee could then use those funds to help satisfy his or her debt. To be excluded from the employee’s gross income, the employee must be prepared to substantiate the expenses to the employer.

Q8. Can self-employed individuals, shareholders and owners receive educational assistance under a section 127 educational assistance program?

A8. While there are no specific income limits for receiving educational assistance benefits, an educational assistance program must satisfy certain requirements under section 127 of the Code and Treasury Regulation § 1.127-2, including not being discriminatory in favor of employees who are highly compensated employees.

An individual who is self-employed within the meaning of section 401(c)(1) may receive educational assistance. While shareholders and owners may receive educational assistance, not more than 5 percent of the amounts paid or incurred by the employer for educational assistance during the year may be provided for the class of individuals who are shareholders or owners (or their spouses or dependents), each of whom (on any day of the year) owns more than 5 percent of the stock or of the capital or profits interest in the employer.

As a practical matter, if the owners are the only employees, they cannot receive educational assistance under section 127 because of the 5 percent benefit limitation described above. The following formula can be used to determine the amount of educational assistance that an owner/employee can receive: [total amount of educational assistance provided to employees other than the owner/employee] x .05263158 = [amount of educational assistance that the owner/employee can receive (rounded down to two decimal places but not greater than $5,250)].

Q9. Are there other exclusions from gross income for educational assistance?

A9. Working condition fringe benefit: If the benefits qualify as a working condition fringe benefit, regardless of amount, they are excluded from your gross income and your employer does not have to include them in your wages. A working condition fringe benefit is a benefit which, had you paid for it, you could deduct as an employee business expense. For more information on working condition fringe benefits, see Working Condition Benefits in section 2 of Publication 15-B, Employer's Tax Guide to Fringe Benefits.

Educator expense deduction: In 2023, educators can deduct up to $300 ($600 if married filing jointly and both spouses are eligible educators, but not more than $300 each) of unreimbursed business expenses. The educator expense deduction, claimed on Form 1040 Line 11, is available even if an educator doesn’t itemize their deductions. To do so, the taxpayer must be a kindergarten through grade 12 teacher, instructor, counselor, principal or aide for at least 900 hours a school year in a school that provides elementary or secondary education as determined under state law.

Those who qualify can deduct costs like books, supplies, computer equipment and software, classroom equipment and supplementary materials used in the classroom. Expenses for participation in professional development courses are also deductible. Athletic supplies qualify if used for courses in health or physical education.

For additional IRS resources see our tax topic on educator expense deduction .

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40 Facts About Elektrostal

Written by Lanette Mayes

Modified & Updated: 01 Jun 2024

Reviewed by Jessica Corbett

Elektrostal is a vibrant city located in the Moscow Oblast region of Russia. With a rich history, stunning architecture, and a thriving community, Elektrostal is a city that has much to offer. Whether you are a history buff, nature enthusiast, or simply curious about different cultures, Elektrostal is sure to captivate you.

This article will provide you with 40 fascinating facts about Elektrostal, giving you a better understanding of why this city is worth exploring. From its origins as an industrial hub to its modern-day charm, we will delve into the various aspects that make Elektrostal a unique and must-visit destination.

So, join us as we uncover the hidden treasures of Elektrostal and discover what makes this city a true gem in the heart of Russia.

Key Takeaways:

• Elektrostal, known as the “Motor City of Russia,” is a vibrant and growing city with a rich industrial history, offering diverse cultural experiences and a strong commitment to environmental sustainability.
• With its convenient location near Moscow, Elektrostal provides a picturesque landscape, vibrant nightlife, and a range of recreational activities, making it an ideal destination for residents and visitors alike.

Known as the “Motor City of Russia.”

Elektrostal, a city located in the Moscow Oblast region of Russia, earned the nickname “Motor City” due to its significant involvement in the automotive industry.

Home to the Elektrostal Metallurgical Plant.

Elektrostal is renowned for its metallurgical plant, which has been producing high-quality steel and alloys since its establishment in 1916.

Boasts a rich industrial heritage.

Elektrostal has a long history of industrial development, contributing to the growth and progress of the region.

Founded in 1916.

The city of Elektrostal was founded in 1916 as a result of the construction of the Elektrostal Metallurgical Plant.

Located approximately 50 kilometers east of Moscow.

Elektrostal is situated in close proximity to the Russian capital, making it easily accessible for both residents and visitors.

Known for its vibrant cultural scene.

Elektrostal is home to several cultural institutions, including museums, theaters, and art galleries that showcase the city’s rich artistic heritage.

A popular destination for nature lovers.

Surrounded by picturesque landscapes and forests, Elektrostal offers ample opportunities for outdoor activities such as hiking, camping, and birdwatching.

Hosts the annual Elektrostal City Day celebrations.

Every year, Elektrostal organizes festive events and activities to celebrate its founding, bringing together residents and visitors in a spirit of unity and joy.

Has a population of approximately 160,000 people.

Elektrostal is home to a diverse and vibrant community of around 160,000 residents, contributing to its dynamic atmosphere.

Boasts excellent education facilities.

The city is known for its well-established educational institutions, providing quality education to students of all ages.

A center for scientific research and innovation.

Elektrostal serves as an important hub for scientific research, particularly in the fields of metallurgy , materials science, and engineering.

Surrounded by picturesque lakes.

The city is blessed with numerous beautiful lakes , offering scenic views and recreational opportunities for locals and visitors alike.

Well-connected transportation system.

Elektrostal benefits from an efficient transportation network, including highways, railways, and public transportation options, ensuring convenient travel within and beyond the city.

Famous for its traditional Russian cuisine.

Food enthusiasts can indulge in authentic Russian dishes at numerous restaurants and cafes scattered throughout Elektrostal.

Home to notable architectural landmarks.

Elektrostal boasts impressive architecture, including the Church of the Transfiguration of the Lord and the Elektrostal Palace of Culture.

Offers a wide range of recreational facilities.

Residents and visitors can enjoy various recreational activities, such as sports complexes, swimming pools, and fitness centers, enhancing the overall quality of life.

Provides a high standard of healthcare.

Elektrostal is equipped with modern medical facilities, ensuring residents have access to quality healthcare services.

Home to the Elektrostal History Museum.

The Elektrostal History Museum showcases the city’s fascinating past through exhibitions and displays.

A hub for sports enthusiasts.

Elektrostal is passionate about sports, with numerous stadiums, arenas, and sports clubs offering opportunities for athletes and spectators.

Celebrates diverse cultural festivals.

Throughout the year, Elektrostal hosts a variety of cultural festivals, celebrating different ethnicities, traditions, and art forms.

Electric power played a significant role in its early development.

Elektrostal owes its name and initial growth to the establishment of electric power stations and the utilization of electricity in the industrial sector.

Boasts a thriving economy.

The city’s strong industrial base, coupled with its strategic location near Moscow, has contributed to Elektrostal’s prosperous economic status.

Houses the Elektrostal Drama Theater.

The Elektrostal Drama Theater is a cultural centerpiece, attracting theater enthusiasts from far and wide.

Popular destination for winter sports.

Elektrostal’s proximity to ski resorts and winter sport facilities makes it a favorite destination for skiing, snowboarding, and other winter activities.

Promotes environmental sustainability.

Elektrostal prioritizes environmental protection and sustainability, implementing initiatives to reduce pollution and preserve natural resources.

Home to renowned educational institutions.

Elektrostal is known for its prestigious schools and universities, offering a wide range of academic programs to students.

Committed to cultural preservation.

The city values its cultural heritage and takes active steps to preserve and promote traditional customs, crafts, and arts.

Hosts an annual International Film Festival.

The Elektrostal International Film Festival attracts filmmakers and cinema enthusiasts from around the world, showcasing a diverse range of films.

Encourages entrepreneurship and innovation.

Elektrostal supports aspiring entrepreneurs and fosters a culture of innovation, providing opportunities for startups and business development .

Offers a range of housing options.

Elektrostal provides diverse housing options, including apartments, houses, and residential complexes, catering to different lifestyles and budgets.

Home to notable sports teams.

Elektrostal is proud of its sports legacy , with several successful sports teams competing at regional and national levels.

Boasts a vibrant nightlife scene.

Residents and visitors can enjoy a lively nightlife in Elektrostal, with numerous bars, clubs, and entertainment venues.

Promotes cultural exchange and international relations.

Elektrostal actively engages in international partnerships, cultural exchanges, and diplomatic collaborations to foster global connections.

Surrounded by beautiful nature reserves.

Nearby nature reserves, such as the Barybino Forest and Luchinskoye Lake, offer opportunities for nature enthusiasts to explore and appreciate the region’s biodiversity.

Commemorates historical events.

The city pays tribute to significant historical events through memorials, monuments, and exhibitions, ensuring the preservation of collective memory.

Promotes sports and youth development.

Elektrostal invests in sports infrastructure and programs to encourage youth participation, health, and physical fitness.

Hosts annual cultural and artistic festivals.

Throughout the year, Elektrostal celebrates its cultural diversity through festivals dedicated to music, dance, art, and theater.

Provides a picturesque landscape for photography enthusiasts.

The city’s scenic beauty, architectural landmarks, and natural surroundings make it a paradise for photographers.

Connects to Moscow via a direct train line.

The convenient train connection between Elektrostal and Moscow makes commuting between the two cities effortless.

A city with a bright future.

Elektrostal continues to grow and develop, aiming to become a model city in terms of infrastructure, sustainability, and quality of life for its residents.

In conclusion, Elektrostal is a fascinating city with a rich history and a vibrant present. From its origins as a center of steel production to its modern-day status as a hub for education and industry, Elektrostal has plenty to offer both residents and visitors. With its beautiful parks, cultural attractions, and proximity to Moscow, there is no shortage of things to see and do in this dynamic city. Whether you’re interested in exploring its historical landmarks, enjoying outdoor activities, or immersing yourself in the local culture, Elektrostal has something for everyone. So, next time you find yourself in the Moscow region, don’t miss the opportunity to discover the hidden gems of Elektrostal.

Q: What is the population of Elektrostal?

A: As of the latest data, the population of Elektrostal is approximately XXXX.

Q: How far is Elektrostal from Moscow?

A: Elektrostal is located approximately XX kilometers away from Moscow.

Q: Are there any famous landmarks in Elektrostal?

A: Yes, Elektrostal is home to several notable landmarks, including XXXX and XXXX.

Q: What industries are prominent in Elektrostal?

A: Elektrostal is known for its steel production industry and is also a center for engineering and manufacturing.

Q: Are there any universities or educational institutions in Elektrostal?

A: Yes, Elektrostal is home to XXXX University and several other educational institutions.

Q: What are some popular outdoor activities in Elektrostal?

A: Elektrostal offers several outdoor activities, such as hiking, cycling, and picnicking in its beautiful parks.

Q: Is Elektrostal well-connected in terms of transportation?

A: Yes, Elektrostal has good transportation links, including trains and buses, making it easily accessible from nearby cities.

Q: Are there any annual events or festivals in Elektrostal?

A: Yes, Elektrostal hosts various events and festivals throughout the year, including XXXX and XXXX.

Elektrostal's fascinating history, vibrant culture, and promising future make it a city worth exploring. For more captivating facts about cities around the world, discover the unique characteristics that define each city . Uncover the hidden gems of Moscow Oblast through our in-depth look at Kolomna. Lastly, dive into the rich industrial heritage of Teesside, a thriving industrial center with its own story to tell.

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University of westminster wraps 2023/24 academic year with strong graduate shows.

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University Of Westminster Wraps 2024 Graduate Fashion Week

On June 14 and 18, University of Westminster staged two graduate runway shows presenting a series of strong looks at the industrial Ambika P3 space located at the university’s Marylebone campus. Named one of London’s greatest fashion schools, Westminster says the shows form a crucial part in breeding the next generation of talents and providing students with a platform to present their work to industry professionals, potential employers, and the media.

One of the four fashion capitals most known for embracing an array of diversities in culture and aesthetics — demure and polished coexisting in harmony with the bold and grunge — the fashion scene in London is not dissimilar in spirit to Spice Girl’s “Wannabe” music video that came out in 1996. Synonymous with the talent emerging from its schools, the city offers an eco-system for some of the biggest names and figureheads in the international landscape.

Counting S.S.Daley, Ashley Williams, Paolo Carzana, and Priya Ahluwalia, amongst others, as notable alumni, Westminster was founded in 1838 with a mission to educate the working people of London, and now helps students from over 169 nationalities reach their potential with a unique teaching style that’s practical and relevant yet contemporary.

Looks from the B.A. Graduate Show at University of Westminster

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Celebrating individualism and technical excellence, the B.A. Graduate Show features original collections of over 100 styled looks from 22 students, showing a range of concepts and competencies from working with 3D printing and embroidery to exquisit tailoring and theatrical graphics. “The variety and breadth of the collections shown today is testament to the calibre and dedication of the students and the staff team who support them.” says Course Director Rosie Wallin.

With many fashion schools opting out of graduate shows, Westminster says it will continue to assign resources in supporting of the University’s annual event. Andrew Groves, Professor at Westminster and Director of the Westminster Menswear Archive, says of all the ways that it’s possible to present fashion, a runway show is best way to “communicate a designer’s vision, on the body in front of a live audience”, and also “the quickest way for a consensus to be formed by the audience, and for that to then be transmitted to the wider world.”

“For the school, it showcases the talent and creativity of our students, reinforcing our reputation as a leading institution for fashion education.” Groves adds.

Looks from the M.A. Graduate Show at University of Westminster

Students from the M.A. Menswear course demonstrated concrete knowledge in fabrics and design with elements inspired by a wide spectrum — from sports and utility to dressed-down formal wear — delivered in a host of unique silhouettes and prints.

In answering how the curriculum and style of teaching have evolved over the past years, Groves speaks of how the establishment of the Westminster Menswear Archive in 2016 enabled object-based research as a design methodology within the school. “This has allowed students to study the cut, construction, and materiality of over 2000 garments to inform their own work,” Groves explains, and adds that by analyzing and critiquing the work of other designers, students will be able to develop a deeper understanding of their own aesthetic and approach.

Frequently used by the industry’s big names such as Gucci, C.P. Company, Dunhill, Supreme, and Bottega Veneta, Groves says the archive also provides students with “an invaluable networking opportunity to get a first foot in the door.”

To an untrained eye, a fashion graduate thesis in the form of a wearable creation may seem too whimsical and far-removed from reality. So in teaching fashion — one that often combine history with the vast unknown that could be inspired by everything — how does one encourage individual creativity and expansive imagination whilst instilling the importance of wearability and commercial adapability?

“I often tell students that they have made clothes, but have they made fashion?” says Groves, and notes that the graduation show is the moment when this particular point can be assessed. “However creative a designer is on a runway, to be successful, their designs need to merge the desire of fashion with the reality of clothing. Steven Stokey-Daley, who I taught at Westminster, understood this fine balance, which is why he not only won the LVMH Prize but also has a thriving business.”

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