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How to write a cover letter for journal submission

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When you submit your article to a journal, you often need to include a cover letter. This is a great opportunity to highlight to the journal editor what makes your research new and important. The cover letter should explain why your work is perfect for their journal and why it will be of interest to the journal’s readers.

When writing for publication, a well-written cover letter can help your paper reach the next stage of the manuscript submission process – being sent out for  peer review . So it’s worth spending time thinking about how to write a cover letter to the journal editor, to make sure it’s going to be effective.

To help you, we’ve put together a guide to explain how to write a cover letter for journal article submission. You will receive cover letter instructions of what you should include and what you shouldn’t, and a word template cover letter.

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What should my cover letter include?

Before you start to write, please check the  instructions for authors  (IFAs) of your chosen journal, as not all journals will require one. You should also check the IFAs for any journal specific information on what to include. This may include a list of relevant articles written by you or your co-authors that have been or are currently being considered for publication in other journals.

Key points to include in your letter to the editor:

Editor’s name (you can usually find this on the journal page on  Taylor & Francis Online ).

Your manuscript’s title.

Name of the journal you are submitting to.

Statement that your paper has not been previously published and is not currently under consideration by another journal.

Brief description of the research you are reporting in your paper, why it is important, and why you think the readers of the journal would be interested in it.

Contact information for you and any  co-authors .

Confirmation that you have no  competing interests  to disclose.

Things to avoid:

Don’t copy your abstract into your cover letter, instead explain in your own words the significance of the work, the problem that is being addressed, and why the manuscript belongs in the journal.

Don’t use too much jargon or too many acronyms, keep language straightforward and easy to read.

Avoid too much detail – keep your cover letter to a maximum of one page, as an introduction and brief overview.

Avoid any spelling and grammar errors and ensure your letter is thoroughly proofed before submitting.

Click to enlarge your PDF on key information to include in your cover letter .

Cover letter template

If you need further help to write a cover letter for a journal, you can download and use our sample template as a guide.

You might find that the submission system for your chosen journal requires your cover letter to be submitted into a text box rather than as a separate document, but it is still a good idea to write a draft first to make sure you have included everything.

Always make sure to check the journal’s  instructions for authors  for any specific additional information to include.

Submission ready

Use our submission checklist  to make sure you’ve included everything you need to.

If you need more guidance, take a look at our other  information and resources to help you make your submission .

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Consider the Taylor & Francis Rapid Technical Review service to help you meet your deadline, through peer-review-like comments on your manuscript.

Related resources

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Written Samples

15 sample cover letters for journal submission.

Submitting your research paper to a journal can be a nerve-wracking experience, especially when you’re unsure of how to craft a compelling cover letter.

A well-written cover letter can make all the difference in catching the editor’s attention and increasing your chances of publication.

Sample Cover Letters for Journal Submission

In this article, we’ll explore 15 sample cover letters that showcase various strategies for effectively communicating the significance of your research and its potential impact on the field.

These examples will serve as a valuable resource for researchers across disciplines, providing inspiration and guidance for crafting their successful cover letters.

Let’s dive in and discover the key elements that make these cover letters stand out from the crowd.

Cover Letter One

Subject: Submission of Research Article – “The Impact of Social Media on Adolescent Mental Health”

Dear Editor,

I am writing to submit my research article titled “The Impact of Social Media on Adolescent Mental Health” for consideration in your esteemed journal. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between social media use and mental health outcomes among adolescents, offering valuable insights for mental health professionals, educators, and policymakers.

The article presents findings from a large-scale survey of 5,000 adolescents aged 13-18, exploring their social media habits and mental health status. The results reveal a significant correlation between excessive social media use and increased rates of anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem. Furthermore, the study identifies specific social media behaviors that contribute to negative mental health outcomes, such as cyberbullying and exposure to unrealistic beauty standards.

I believe that this research makes a substantial contribution to the existing literature on adolescent mental health and social media use. The findings have important implications for developing targeted interventions and educational programs to promote healthy social media habits among young people. The article also highlights the need for further research to understand the long-term effects of social media on mental health and to develop evidence-based guidelines for safe and responsible use.

Thank you for considering my submission. I look forward to the opportunity to share this research with your readers and contribute to the ongoing dialogue on this critical issue.

[Your Name]

[Your Affiliation]

Cover Letter Two

Subject: Submission of Original Research – “Exploring the Potential of Renewable Energy in Developing Countries”

I am pleased to submit my original research article titled “Exploring the Potential of Renewable Energy in Developing Countries” for consideration in your respected journal. This study investigates the challenges and opportunities for implementing renewable energy solutions in developing nations, with a focus on solar and wind power.

The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the current state of renewable energy adoption in five developing countries across Africa and Asia. Through a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, including surveys, interviews with key stakeholders, and geospatial analysis, the study identifies the major barriers to widespread renewable energy adoption, such as lack of infrastructure, limited access to financing, and inadequate policy support.

However, the research also highlights the significant potential for renewable energy to transform the lives of millions of people in developing countries by providing access to clean, affordable, and reliable electricity. The article presents case studies of successful renewable energy projects in each of the five countries, demonstrating the feasibility and benefits of these solutions.

I believe that this research makes a valuable contribution to the field of sustainable development and energy policy. The findings have important implications for policymakers, investors, and development organizations seeking to promote renewable energy in developing countries. The article also lays the groundwork for further research on the social, economic, and environmental impacts of renewable energy adoption in these contexts.

Thank you for your consideration. I am excited about the opportunity to share this research with your readers and contribute to the global effort to achieve sustainable energy for all.

Cover Letter Three

Subject: Submission of Review Article – “The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: Opportunities and Challenges”

I am writing to submit my review article titled “The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: Opportunities and Challenges” for consideration in your distinguished journal. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of AI applications in healthcare, exploring the potential benefits and risks of these technologies for patients, healthcare providers, and health systems.

The article begins by defining AI and its various subfields, such as machine learning and natural language processing, and discussing their relevance to healthcare. It then presents a systematic review of the literature on AI applications in healthcare, covering areas such as medical imaging, drug discovery, personalized medicine, and clinical decision support.

The review identifies several key opportunities for AI to improve healthcare outcomes, such as enhancing diagnostic accuracy, optimizing treatment plans, and reducing healthcare costs. However, it also highlights the significant challenges and risks associated with AI in healthcare, such as data privacy concerns, algorithmic bias, and the need for robust regulatory frameworks.

I believe that this review article makes a timely and important contribution to the ongoing debate about the role of AI in healthcare. As healthcare systems around the world grapple with the challenges of rising costs, aging populations, and the COVID-19 pandemic, AI has emerged as a potentially transformative technology. However, the adoption of AI in healthcare also raises complex ethical, legal, and social questions that require careful consideration.

Thank you for considering my submission. I am confident that this review article will be of interest to a wide range of healthcare professionals, researchers, and policymakers, and I look forward to the opportunity to contribute to the scholarly discourse on this critical topic.

Cover Letter Four

Subject: Submission of Case Study – “Implementing a Successful Remote Work Policy: Lessons from Company X”

I am pleased to submit my case study titled “Implementing a Successful Remote Work Policy: Lessons from Company X” for consideration in your esteemed journal. This study provides a detailed analysis of how one company successfully transitioned to a remote work model during the COVID-19 pandemic, offering valuable insights for organizations seeking to adapt to the changing nature of work.

The case study focuses on Company X, a mid-sized technology firm that implemented a comprehensive remote work policy in response to the pandemic. Through interviews with company leaders, employees, and external stakeholders, as well as an analysis of company documents and performance metrics, the study identifies the key factors that contributed to the success of the remote work transition.

These factors include a clear and consistent communication strategy, the provision of necessary technology and support for remote workers, a focus on maintaining company culture and employee engagement, and a flexible approach to managing work-life balance. The case study also discusses the challenges that Company X faced during the transition, such as managing cybersecurity risks and ensuring equitable access to remote work opportunities.

I believe that this case study makes a valuable contribution to the growing body of research on remote work and organizational resilience. As companies around the world continue to grapple with the impacts of the pandemic and the changing nature of work, there is a pressing need for evidence-based guidance on how to implement successful remote work policies.

Thank you for considering my submission. I am confident that this case study will be of interest to a wide range of organizational leaders, HR professionals, and researchers, and I look forward to the opportunity to share these insights with your readers.

Cover Letter Five

Subject: Submission of Original Research – “The Impact of Climate Change on Biodiversity: Evidence from a Long-Term Field Study”

I am writing to submit my original research article titled “The Impact of Climate Change on Biodiversity: Evidence from a Long-Term Field Study” for consideration in your respected journal. This study presents findings from a 20-year field study of the impacts of climate change on biodiversity in a temperate forest ecosystem, offering new insights into the complex relationships between climate, species interactions, and ecosystem functioning.

The study combines long-term monitoring data on temperature, precipitation, and other climate variables with detailed observations of plant and animal populations in a 100-hectare forest reserve. Using advanced statistical modeling techniques, the study identifies significant changes in species composition, phenology, and interactions over the 20 years, with some species showing marked declines while others have adapted or even thrived in the changing climate.

The article discusses the implications of these findings for conservation policy and practice, highlighting the need for adaptive management strategies that take into account the complex and dynamic nature of ecosystems in a changing climate. It also identifies key areas for further research, such as the role of species interactions and ecosystem services in mediating the impacts of climate change on biodiversity.

I believe that this research makes a significant contribution to the growing body of evidence on the impacts of climate change on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. As the world continues to grapple with the urgent challenges posed by climate change, there is a critical need for long-term, empirical studies that can inform effective conservation and adaptation strategies.

Thank you for considering my submission. I am excited about the opportunity to share this research with your readers and contribute to the ongoing efforts to understand and address the impacts of climate change on the natural world.

Cover Letter Six

Subject: Submission of Meta-Analysis – “The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Chronic Pain Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis”

I am pleased to submit my meta-analysis titled “The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Chronic Pain Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis” for consideration in your distinguished journal. This study provides a comprehensive and up-to-date synthesis of the evidence on the use of mindfulness-based interventions for the management of chronic pain, offering valuable insights for healthcare providers, researchers, and patients.

The study follows a rigorous systematic review protocol, including a comprehensive search of multiple electronic databases, a standardized screening and data extraction process, and a detailed assessment of study quality and risk of bias. The meta-analysis includes data from 25 randomized controlled trials, involving a total of 2,500 participants with various types of chronic pain, including low back pain, fibromyalgia, and neuropathic pain.

The results of the meta-analysis indicate that mindfulness-based interventions are associated with significant reductions in pain intensity, pain-related disability, and psychological distress, as well as improvements in quality of life and well-being. The study also identifies several moderators of treatment effectiveness, such as the type and duration of the intervention, the characteristics of the patient population, and the presence of co-occurring mental health conditions.

I believe that this meta-analysis makes a valuable contribution to the growing body of research on the use of mindfulness-based interventions for chronic pain management. As the prevalence of chronic pain continues to rise, there is an urgent need for effective, non-pharmacological approaches to pain management that can improve patient outcomes and reduce the burden on healthcare systems.

Thank you for considering my submission. I am confident that this meta-analysis will be of interest to a wide range of healthcare professionals, researchers, and policymakers, and I look forward to the opportunity to contribute to the evidence base on this important topic.

Cover Letter Seven

Subject: Submission of Qualitative Study – “Exploring the Experiences of Transgender Individuals in the Workplace: A Qualitative Study”

I am writing to submit my qualitative study titled “Exploring the Experiences of Transgender Individuals in the Workplace: A Qualitative Study” for consideration in your esteemed journal. This study provides a rich and nuanced understanding of the challenges and opportunities faced by transgender individuals in the workplace, offering valuable insights for employers, policymakers, and advocates.

The study uses a qualitative phenomenological approach, consisting of in-depth interviews with 20 transgender individuals from diverse backgrounds and industries. The interviews explore participants’ experiences of transitioning in the workplace, including their interactions with colleagues and supervisors, their experiences of discrimination and support, and their strategies for navigating the challenges of being transgender in the workplace.

The findings of the study highlight the complex and varied experiences of transgender individuals in the workplace, from the difficulties of coming out and transitioning to the importance of inclusive policies and practices. The study also identifies several key themes, such as the role of allies and support networks, the impact of intersectionality on workplace experiences, and the potential for workplace transitions to be a source of personal and professional growth.

I believe that this qualitative study makes a valuable contribution to the growing body of research on the experiences of transgender individuals in the workplace. As more and more companies seek to create inclusive and equitable workplaces, there is a pressing need for in-depth, qualitative research that can inform best practices and policies for supporting transgender employees.

Thank you for considering my submission. I am excited about the opportunity to share this research with your readers and contribute to the ongoing efforts to create more inclusive and equitable workplaces for all individuals, regardless of their gender identity.

Cover Letter Eight

Subject: Submission of Theoretical Article – “Rethinking the Concept of Leadership in the Age of Digital Transformation”

I am pleased to submit my theoretical article titled “Rethinking the Concept of Leadership in the Age of Digital Transformation” for consideration in your distinguished journal. This article provides a novel and thought-provoking perspective on the changing nature of leadership in the context of the digital age, offering valuable insights for scholars, practitioners, and educators.

The article begins by reviewing the traditional theories and models of leadership, from trait-based approaches to transformational and servant leadership. It then argues that these models are increasingly inadequate for understanding and practicing leadership in the context of digital transformation, which is characterized by rapid change, complexity, and uncertainty.

Drawing on recent research and examples from a range of industries and sectors, the article proposes a new framework for conceptualizing leadership in the digital age. This framework emphasizes the importance of adaptability, collaboration, and innovation, as well as the need for leaders to be comfortable with ambiguity and to embrace a more distributed and networked model of leadership.

The article also discusses the implications of this new framework for leadership development and education, arguing for a greater emphasis on experiential learning, design thinking, and cross-disciplinary collaboration. It concludes by identifying several key areas for further research and practice, such as the role of technology in shaping leadership practices and the need for more inclusive and diverse models of leadership.

I believe that this theoretical article makes a significant contribution to the ongoing debate about the future of leadership in the digital age. As organizations around the world grapple with the challenges and opportunities of digital transformation, there is a pressing need for new and innovative approaches to leadership that can help them navigate this complex and rapidly changing landscape.

Thank you for considering my submission. I am confident that this article will be of interest to a wide range of scholars, practitioners, and educators, and I look forward to the opportunity to contribute to the scholarly discourse on this important topic.

Cover Letter Nine

Subject: Submission of Empirical Study – “The Relationship Between Social Support and Mental Health Among College Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic”

I am writing to submit my empirical study titled “The Relationship Between Social Support and Mental Health Among College Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic” for consideration in your respected journal. This study provides a timely and important examination of the impact of social support on the mental health of college students during a period of unprecedented stress and uncertainty.

The study uses a cross-sectional survey design, collecting data from a sample of 500 college students across the United States. The survey includes validated measures of social support, mental health symptoms (depression, anxiety, and stress), and demographic variables. The data are analyzed using a combination of descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression modeling.

The results of the study indicate that higher levels of social support are significantly associated with lower levels of mental health symptoms among college students during the pandemic. The study also identifies several key sources of social support, including family, friends, and faculty/staff, and highlights the importance of both emotional and instrumental support in promoting mental health.

I believe that this empirical study makes a valuable contribution to the growing body of research on the mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly among college students who have faced significant disruptions to their academic and social lives. The findings have important implications for college administrators, mental health professionals, and policymakers seeking to support the well-being of students during this challenging time.

Thank you for considering my submission. I am confident that this study will be of interest to a wide range of researchers, practitioners, and educators concerned with the mental health and well-being of college students, and I look forward to the opportunity to share these findings with your readers.

Cover Letter Ten

Subject: Submission of Methodological Article – “Advancing the Use of Mixed Methods in Health Services Research: A Guide for Researchers”

I am pleased to submit my methodological article titled “Advancing the Use of Mixed Methods in Health Services Research: A Guide for Researchers” for consideration in your distinguished journal. This article provides a comprehensive and practical guide for researchers interested in using mixed methods approaches to study complex health services research questions.

The article begins by defining mixed methods research and discussing its key principles and benefits, including the ability to triangulate findings, explore both breadth and depth and address multiple research questions within a single study. It then provides a step-by-step guide for designing and conducting mixed methods health services research studies, from developing research questions and sampling strategies to collecting and analyzing data and integrating findings.

The article also discusses several key considerations and challenges in conducting mixed methods research, such as ensuring the quality and rigor of both quantitative and qualitative components, managing large and diverse datasets, and publishing and disseminating findings. It provides practical tips and strategies for addressing these challenges, drawing on examples from successful mixed methods studies in health services research.

I believe that this methodological article makes a valuable contribution to the growing field of mixed methods research in health services. As health systems around the world face increasingly complex and multifaceted challenges, there is a pressing need for innovative and rigorous research approaches that can capture the full range of factors influencing health services delivery and outcomes.

Thank you for considering my submission. I am confident that this article will be of interest to a wide range of health services researchers, from novice to experienced investigators, and I look forward to the opportunity to support the continued growth and development of mixed methods research in this important field.

Cover Letter Eleven

Subject: Submission of Case Report – “Successful Treatment of Refractory Chronic Migraine with Botulinum Toxin Type A: A Case Report”

I am writing to submit my case report titled “Successful Treatment of Refractory Chronic Migraine with Botulinum Toxin Type A: A Case Report” for consideration in your esteemed journal. This report describes the clinical course and successful treatment of a patient with chronic migraine who had failed multiple previous therapies.

The report presents the case of a 45-year-old woman with a 20-year history of chronic migraine, characterized by 15-20 headache days per month and significant disability. Despite trials of several preventive and abortive medications, as well as non-pharmacological therapies such as cognitive-behavioral therapy and acupuncture, the patient’s migraines remained refractory to treatment.

The patient was initiated on treatment with botulinum toxin type A, administered according to the PREEMPT protocol. After two treatment cycles, the patient experienced a significant reduction in headache frequency and intensity, as well as improvements in quality of life and functional status. The report discusses the potential mechanisms of action of botulinum toxin in chronic migraine, as well as the implications for clinical practice.

I believe that this case report makes a valuable contribution to the literature on the management of refractory chronic migraine. As a debilitating and often treatment-resistant condition, chronic migraine poses significant challenges for patients and healthcare providers alike. This report highlights the potential of botulinum toxin as a safe and effective treatment option for carefully selected patients.

Thank you for considering my submission. I am hopeful that this case report will be of interest to neurologists, pain specialists, and other healthcare professionals involved in the care of patients with chronic migraine, and I look forward to the opportunity to share this important clinical experience with your readers.

Cover Letter Twelve

Subject: Submission of Commentary – “The Ethics of Gene Editing: Balancing Scientific Progress and Societal Values”

I am pleased to submit my commentary titled “The Ethics of Gene Editing: Balancing Scientific Progress and Societal Values” for consideration in your distinguished journal. This commentary provides a timely and thought-provoking perspective on the ethical implications of recent advances in gene editing technology, offering insights for scientists, policymakers, and the general public.

The commentary begins by discussing the scientific background and potential applications of gene editing, from treating genetic diseases to enhancing human traits. It then explores the ethical considerations raised by these applications, including questions of safety, equity, and the moral status of human embryos.

Drawing on principles of biomedical ethics and recent public debates, the commentary argues for a balanced approach to the regulation and oversight of gene editing research and applications. It emphasizes the importance of public engagement and dialogue, as well as the need for clear and enforceable guidelines to ensure responsible and socially beneficial use of the technology.

The commentary also highlights the global nature of the gene editing debate, discussing the need for international cooperation and governance to address the transnational implications of the technology. It concludes by calling for ongoing ethical reflection and analysis as the science of gene editing continues to evolve.

I believe that this commentary makes a valuable contribution to the ongoing public and scholarly discourse on the ethics of gene editing. As this transformative technology continues to advance, there is an urgent need for informed and nuanced perspectives that can guide its responsible development and use.

Thank you for considering my submission. I am confident that this commentary will be of interest to a wide range of stakeholders, from scientists and bioethicists to policymakers and the general public, and I look forward to the opportunity to contribute to this important conversation.

Cover Letter Thirteen

Subject: Submission of Systematic Review – “The Effectiveness of School-Based Interventions for Preventing Adolescent Substance Use: A Systematic Review”

I am writing to submit my systematic review titled “The Effectiveness of School-Based Interventions for Preventing Adolescent Substance Use: A Systematic Review” for consideration in your respected journal. This review provides a comprehensive and up-to-date synthesis of the evidence on school-based prevention programs for adolescent substance use, offering valuable insights for researchers, educators, and policymakers.

The review follows a rigorous protocol, including a pre-specified search strategy, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and data extraction and quality assessment procedures. It includes studies published in peer-reviewed journals over the past 20 years, encompassing a range of school-based interventions, from educational programs to skills training and peer leadership.

The findings of the review indicate that school-based interventions can be effective in reducing adolescent substance use, particularly when they are interactive, skills-based, and implemented over an extended period. However, the review also highlights the limitations of the current evidence base, including the lack of long-term follow-up data and the need for more rigorous evaluation designs.

I believe that this systematic review makes a significant contribution to the field of adolescent substance use prevention. As rates of substance use among adolescents continue to be a major public health concern, there is a critical need for evidence-based interventions that can be implemented in school settings, where young people spend a significant portion of their time.

Thank you for considering my submission. I am confident that this review will be of interest to a wide range of researchers, practitioners, and policymakers concerned with promoting the health and well-being of adolescents, and I look forward to the opportunity to contribute to the evidence base on this important topic.

Cover Letter Fourteen

Subject: Submission of Short Communication – “The Potential of Telemedicine for Improving Access to Mental Health Services in Rural Areas”

I am pleased to submit my short communication titled “The Potential of Telemedicine for Improving Access to Mental Health Services in Rural Areas” for consideration in your esteemed journal. This communication provides a concise and focused discussion of the role of telemedicine in addressing the significant disparities in access to mental health care in rural communities.

The communication begins by highlighting the high prevalence of mental health disorders in rural areas, as well as the numerous barriers to accessing care, including shortages of mental health professionals, long travel distances, and stigma. It then discusses the growing evidence base for the effectiveness of telemedicine in delivering mental health services, particularly for conditions such as depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder.

Drawing on examples from recent research and practice, the communication argues that telemedicine has the potential to significantly improve access to mental health care in rural areas, by enabling remote delivery of services, reducing travel burdens, and increasing the flexibility and convenience of care. However, it also acknowledges the challenges and limitations of telemedicine, such as the need for reliable internet connectivity and the importance of maintaining the therapeutic alliance in a virtual setting.

I believe that this short communication makes a valuable contribution to the ongoing discussion about the role of technology in addressing health disparities and improving access to care. As the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of telemedicine across many areas of healthcare, there is a timely opportunity to explore its potential for expanding mental health services in underserved communities.

Thank you for considering my submission. I am hopeful that this communication will be of interest to mental health professionals, rural health researchers, and policymakers concerned with improving access to care, and I look forward to the opportunity to share these insights with your readers.

Cover Letter Fifteen

Subject: Submission of Opinion Piece – “The Importance of Diversity and Inclusion in Higher Education: A Call to Action”

I am writing to submit my opinion piece titled “The Importance of Diversity and Inclusion in Higher Education: A Call to Action” for consideration in your distinguished journal. This piece provides a passionate and persuasive argument for the critical role of diversity and inclusion in promoting educational excellence and social justice in colleges and universities.

The piece begins by discussing the many benefits of diversity in higher education, from enhancing learning outcomes and fostering innovation to preparing students for success in a globalized world. It then highlights the persistent challenges and barriers to achieving true diversity and inclusion in many institutions, including issues of access, equity, and campus climate.

Drawing on a range of examples and personal experiences, the piece argues that diversity and inclusion must be prioritized as core values and strategic imperatives in higher education. It calls on institutional leaders, faculty, staff, and students to take concrete actions to create more inclusive and equitable learning environments, from diversifying curricula and faculty to addressing bias and discrimination.

The piece also emphasizes the importance of accountability and assessment in driving progress toward diversity and inclusion goals and provides specific recommendations for how institutions can measure and report on their efforts. It concludes with a powerful call to action, urging all members of the higher education community to embrace their responsibility to create a more just and inclusive future.

I believe that this opinion piece makes a timely and important contribution to the ongoing national conversation about diversity, equity, and inclusion in higher education. As colleges and universities grapple with the urgent challenges of racial injustice, political polarization, and social inequality, there is a critical need for bold and visionary leadership on these issues.

Thank you for considering my submission. I am confident that this piece will be of interest to a wide range of stakeholders in higher education, from administrators and faculty to students and community partners, and I look forward to the opportunity to contribute to this vital dialogue.

These 15 sample cover letters demonstrate the diverse range of topics, research designs, and perspectives that can be effectively communicated to journal editors.

By highlighting the significance, novelty, and relevance of their work, these cover letters make a compelling case for why the submitted articles deserve to be considered for publication.

Ultimately, a well-crafted cover letter can be a powerful tool for researchers seeking to share their insights and ideas with the wider scientific community.

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How to Write a Cover Letter for Your Manuscript? Here are the Tips and Examples

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Table of Contents

A cover letter is often the first thing an editor reads when reviewing your submission. As your first pitch to the editor, the cover letter helps them gauge the suitability of your manuscript for publication in their journal. Imagine your work shaping the future of your field, gathering citations, and sparking discussions. A powerful cover letter is thus the first step to making that vision into a reality.   

In this article, we will guide you through the process of writing an effective cover letter and explain how you can get it right every time with examples. First, let us get started with the basics!  

Getting the Basics Right  

When writing a cover letter, it is crucial to address the editor by their correct and complete name¹ . If there are multiple co-editors, you can address your letter to the right person, based on their specialization or designated responsibilities. If unsure, it is okay to go with a more general salutation, such as “Dear Editors”¹ .   

Presenting your Research  

Provide a clear and concise title for your submission and specify whether it is an article, communication, review, perspective, or a manuscript belonging to some other category. If the journal guideline recommends, consider including a list of all authors in the manuscript.   

After covering the preliminary information, briefly explain your paper’s central theme or focus to give the editor an idea of its contents. Ensure this stays a brief outline, without going into too much detail.   

Conveying the Importance of Your Work  

How you communicate the impact of your work can make or break your cover letter. To make a strong impression on the editor, articulate the significance of your research clearly, emphasizing its relevance to the field. Additionally, show how your work aligns with the journal’s scope and mission.  

Including a Formal Declaration  

Some journals require a set of declarations from you to ensure that your manuscript adheres to its ethical code and the larger ethical standards of scientific publishing. Here are the required declarations in a cover letter:  

• Originality of work:  
• Confirm that your work is original and has not been published elsewhere. This tells the editor your research is unique.  
• Conflict of interest statement:  
• Be clear about any potential conflicts of interest. This includes any personal, financial, or professional connections that might affect your research.  
• Funding source (if applicable):  
• Tell where your research funding came from, if any. This includes any support or grants from organizations.   

Including Personal Suggestions for Reviewers on a Separate Page (optional)  

If there is no part of the submission process that collects researcher suggestions for reviewers, and there are special requests from the researcher for reviewers (e.g., recommending the inclusion or suggesting the exclusion of a specific reviewer, etc.), you may also make a note about this in the cover letter.  

Combining these five points, here is a good example of a cover letter for researchers’ reference:  

(This image is intended to demonstrate the norms of formatting and tone of expression in a cover letter, it is to be used only by the researcher as a reference in writing² .)  

Conclusion  

A strong cover letter can go a long way in ensuring success for researchers looking to publish their manuscripts! Your cover letter is the opening act, setting the stage for how editors perceive your manuscript. So, look at it not as just another formality but as a crucial opportunity to make a strong impression.   

Understanding what to include, what is optional, and what is best left unsaid can be tricky. That is where our team of experts at Elsevier Language Services can step in. We will provide personalized recommendations and expert guidance to help you craft a cover letter that perfectly complements your manuscript. Reach out to us today to make a great first impression and embark on a successful academic journey!  

Reference  

• Nicholas, D. (2019). How to choose a journal and write a cover letter. Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia, 13(5), 35. https://doi.org/10.4103/sja.sja_691_18  
• Loyola University Chicago. (n.d.). JCSHESA Sample Cover Letter. https://ecommons.luc.edu/jcshesa/cover_letter_template.pdf  

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How to Write an Effective Cover Letter for Journal Submission

Craft your cover letter for journal submission the right way with our expert tips! Learn how to grab editors’ attention and stand it out.

When it comes to submitting a manuscript for publication in a journal, many authors focus solely on the quality of their research and the clarity of their writing. While these are important factors, it’s easy to overlook the role that a well-crafted cover letter can play in the submission process. A cover letter can be the key to getting your manuscript noticed by the editor and ultimately accepted for publication. In this article, we’ll explore the importance of a cover letter for journal submissions and provide tips for crafting an effective one.

What is a Cover Letter for Journal Submission?

A cover letter for journal submission is a document that accompanies a manuscript when it is submitted for publication in an academic or scientific journal. The purpose of the cover letter is to introduce the author and their work to the editor of the journal and to provide any additional information that may be relevant to the manuscript or the submission process. Furthermore, its purpose is to introduce the manuscript to the editor and provide additional information about the research and its significance. The cover letter should be concise and focused, typically no more than one page.

What Should be Included in the Cover Letter?

A cover letter should include several key elements to effectively introduce your manuscript. It’s important to personalize the letter for the specific journal, use a professional tone, and proofread carefully for errors. To make sure your cover letter is effective, there are several key elements that you should include:

Addressee’s Information and Date of Submission

Your cover letter should start with the date of submission, followed by the name and address of the editor or editorial staff who will be reviewing your manuscript. This information should be current and accurate to ensure your submission is directed to the right person.

Opening Salutation

The opening salutation of your cover letter should be professional and courteous, addressing the editor or editorial staff by name, starting with “Dear…”. Don´t forget to include the title and position of the editor you are addressing.

Purpose Statement and Administrative Information

Your cover letter should have a clear statement of the purpose of your research and the journal to which you are submitting your manuscript. You should also include any administrative information required by the journal, such as the type of manuscript (e.g. original research, review article, case report) and the number of words or pages.

Summary of Main Research Findings and Implications

One of the most important elements of your cover letter is a summary of the main findings and implications of your research. This summary should be concise and focused, highlighting the most important aspects of your research and why it is significant to the field.

Statements or Information Required by the Journal

Many journals require specific statements or information to be included in the cover letter. This may include a statement that the manuscript has not been previously published or is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, or a list of potential conflicts of interest or funding sources that may have influenced the research.

Previous Contact with the Journal

If you have had previous contact with the journal, such as submitting a previous manuscript or attending a conference sponsored by the journal, it is important to mention this in your cover letter. This information can help establish a connection between you and the editor, which may increase the chances of your manuscript being accepted.

Conflict of Interests and Financial Disclosures

It is important to disclose any potential conflicts of interest or financial disclosures that may have influenced the research. This information can help ensure transparency and maintain the integrity of the research.

Your cover letter should include a statement indicating that all authors have read and approved the manuscript and that the work is original and not plagiarized. This information can help establish the credibility of the research and the integrity of the authorship.

Suggested Reviewers

Suggested Reviewers are generally considered a best practice and are often recommended by journals. Providing a list of suggested reviewers can help to ensure that the manuscript is reviewed by individuals who have the appropriate expertise and background to evaluate the work, and can help to speed up the review process by reducing the time needed for the editor to identify potential reviewers. This can help expedite the review process and increase the likelihood of your manuscript being accepted.

Concurrent/Duplicate Submissions

An important consideration when submitting a manuscript for publication is concurrent or duplicate submissions. Concurrent submissions occur when a manuscript is submitted to more than one journal at the same time. Duplicate submissions occur when a manuscript is submitted to the same journal more than once.

In the cover letter, you should clearly state whether the manuscript has been submitted elsewhere or whether it has been previously published. If the manuscript is under consideration elsewhere, you should provide the name of the journal and the date of submission. If the manuscript has been previously published, you should provide the citation for the publication.

Closing Salutation

When closing a cover letter for journal submission, it’s important to maintain a professional and courteous tone. A common closing salutation is “Sincerely,” followed by your name. However, some alternatives that are also appropriate include “Best regards,” “Thank you for your time and consideration,” or “Respectfully.” Whichever salutation you choose, make sure it matches the tone of your letter and conveys your appreciation for the editor’s consideration.

Request to Exclude Reviewers

A request to exclude reviewers is a common feature of a cover letter for journal submission, particularly in cases where the author has concerns about potential conflicts of interest or bias that could affect the review process.

When making a request to exclude reviewers, the author should provide a clear and concise explanation of the reasons for the request and should provide specific details about any potential conflicts of interest or concerns that they may have. It is also important to note that some journals may have specific guidelines or policies regarding requests to exclude reviewers, and authors should familiarize themselves with these guidelines before making a request.

In general, it is recommended that authors provide a minimum of three to five potential reviewers who are not affiliated with the author or their institution, in order to provide a broad range of expertise and perspectives. When making a request to exclude reviewers, it is also important to provide alternative suggestions for potential reviewers who could be considered in their place.

Tips for Writing a Journal Submission Cover Letter

A well-crafted cover letter can help your manuscript stand out and increase your chances of being accepted for publication. Here are some tips for writing an effective journal submission cover letter.

One of the most important tips for writing a journal submission cover letter is to proofread it carefully. Typos, spelling errors, and grammatical mistakes can detract from the professional image you want to project. Make sure to read the letter multiple times and have someone else read it over as well to catch any errors you may have missed.

Keep the Cover Letter Brief

Another important tip is to keep the cover letter brief and to the point. The cover letter should provide a brief introduction of the manuscript and the key findings, as well as any other information that is necessary for the editor to understand the importance and relevance of the manuscript. The letter should be no more than one page in length.

Review Examples of Cover Letters

It can be helpful to review examples of cover letters for journal submissions to get an idea of the style, tone, and content that is appropriate. You can search for examples online or ask colleagues who have submitted manuscripts for publication for their advice. When reviewing examples, pay attention to the language used, the level of detail provided, and the overall organization and structure of the letter. This can help you craft a cover letter that is professional, informative, and effective.

Cover Letter Template for a Journal Article Submission

A cover letter is an important component of manuscript submission for publication in a journal. Using a template can help ensure that your cover letter includes all the necessary information and follows the proper format. Here is a guide to creating a cover letter template for a journal article submission.

The header should include your contact information, including your name, affiliation, and contact details (address, phone number, and email address), the date of submission, and the name and address of the journal.

Opening Paragraph

The opening paragraph should provide a brief introduction to the manuscript and its key findings. This paragraph should also mention the purpose of the manuscript and why it is relevant to the journal’s readership. You may also want to mention any previous correspondence or contact with the journal.

Body Paragraphs

The body of the cover letter should include several paragraphs that provide more detail about the manuscript. This may include a summary of the methods used, key results and findings, and implications for future research. You may also want to mention any notable limitations or challenges encountered during the research process.

It is also important to address any specific requirements or requests from the journal, such as a particular format for tables or figures, or specific information to be included in the manuscript. You should also mention any funding sources or conflicts of interest that may be relevant.

Closing Paragraph

The closing paragraph should reiterate the significance of the manuscript and its contribution to the field. You may also want to mention any potential reviewers for the manuscript or suggest reviewers who would be appropriate. Finally, you should include a polite and professional closing, such as “Sincerely” or “Best regards”, followed by your name and signature.

Common Expressions for Cover Letters

When writing a cover letter for journal submission, it’s important to use appropriate and professional language. Here are some common expressions that can be used in cover letters:

“We are pleased to submit our manuscript…”

“The research reported in this manuscript addresses a significant gap in the literature…”

“We believe this manuscript will be of interest to your readership because…”

“Our findings have important implications for future research in this field.”

“We would like to thank the reviewers and editors for their time and consideration.”

“We look forward to hearing from you regarding the status of our manuscript.”

“Thank you for your time and consideration.”

These expressions can be used to convey important information in a professional and concise manner. When using these expressions, it’s important to tailor them to the specific journal and to make sure they are appropriate for the content of your cover letter.

Journal Submission Tips and Hacks from the Experts

Submitting a journal article can be a challenging and sometimes frustrating process. However, by following some tips and hacks from the experts, you can increase your chances of success. Here are some tips and hacks to help you submit your article to a journal:

Choose the Right Journal

Before submitting your article, make sure you choose the right journal. Consider factors such as the journal’s scope, readership, and impact factor. Make sure your article fits with the journal’s focus and aims.

Read the Guidelines

Read the journal’s submission guidelines carefully and follow them closely. Pay attention to formatting, length, and other requirements. Failure to follow the guidelines could result in your article being rejected without review.

Get Feedback

Before submitting your article, get feedback from colleagues or mentors. Ask them to read your manuscript and provide constructive criticism. This can help you identify potential weaknesses and improve the quality of your article.

Write a Strong Abstract

Your abstract is often the first thing that editors and reviewers will read. Make sure it is clear, concise, and provides a compelling summary of your article. Highlight the key findings and implications of your research.

Use Clear and Concise Language

Use clear and concise language when writing your article. Avoid jargon, technical terms, and complex language that could be difficult for readers to understand. Write in a way that is accessible to a broad audience.

Address Reviewer Comments

If your article is rejected or requires revisions, make sure you carefully address all reviewer comments. Be thorough and professional in your responses. This can increase your chances of acceptance in future rounds of review.

Keep Records

Keep records of all correspondence with the journal, including submission dates, reviewer comments, and decisions. This can help you stay organized and keep track of the progress of your article.

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Cover letters

A good cover letter can help to “sell” your manuscript to the journal editor. As well as introducing your work to the editor you can also take this opportunity to explain why the manuscript will be of interest to a journal's readers, something which is always as the forefront editors’ mind. As such it is worth spending time writing a coherent and persuasive cover letter.

The following is an example of a poor cover letter:

Dear Editor-in-Chief, I am sending you our manuscript entitled “Large Scale Analysis of Cell Cycle Regulators in bladder cancer” by Researcher et al. We would like to have the manuscript considered for publication in Pathobiology. Please let me know of your decision at your earliest convenience. With my best regards, Sincerely yours, A Researcher, PhD

Instead, check to see whether the journal’s Instructions for Authors have any cover letter requirements (e.g. disclosures, statements, potential reviewers). Then, write a letter that explains why the editor would want to publish your manuscript. The following structure covers all the necessary points that need to be included.

• If known, address the editor who will be assessing your manuscript by their name. Include the date of submission and the journal you are submitting to.
• First paragraph: include the title of your manuscript and the type of manuscript it is (e.g. review, research, case study). Then briefly explain the background to your study, the question you sought out to answer and why.
• Second paragraph: you should concisely explain what was done, the main findings and why they are significant.
• Third paragraph: here you should indicate why the readers of the journal would be interested in the work. Take your cues from the journal’s aims and scope. For example if the journal requires that all work published has broad implications explain how your study fulfils this. It is also a good idea to include a sentence on the importance of the results to the field.
• To conclude state the corresponding author and any journal specific requirements that need to be complied with (e.g. ethical standards).

TIP: All cover letters should contain these sentences:

• We confirm that this manuscript has not been published elsewhere and is not under consideration by another journal.
• All authors have approved the manuscript and agree with its submission to [insert the name of the target journal].

Submission checklist

Before submitting your manuscript, thoroughly check its quality one more time. Evaluate it critically—could anything be done better?

Be sure that:

• The manuscript follows the Instructions for Authors
• All files are in the correct file format and of the appropriate resolution or size
• The spelling and grammar are correct
• You have contact information for all authors
• You have written a persuasive cover letter

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Writing a Cover Letter for Journal Submission [Free Template]

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Journal cover letters are your chance to lobby on behalf of your manuscript. This AJE Journal Cover Letter Guide offers some useful tips for getting them right. It also includes a free journal cover letter template.

Updated on September 20, 2018

The cover letter accompanying your journal submission is your chance to lobby on behalf of your manuscript. The letter is far from just a formality and should be written with the same care as your manuscript's text (if not more). Ultimately, your cover letter is designed to influence the decision of the editor to send your manuscript out for peer review. The letter will argue that your manuscript is a good fit for the journal you are submitting it to and highlight your most important findings. Let us help you produce the most effective cover letter possible.

Getting ready to submit your manuscript? Download our comprehensive Free Journal Cover Letter Writing Guide with Template .

A cover letter should be written like a standard business letter :

Address the editor formally by name, if known. Include your contact information, as well. This information is probably available through the journal's online submission system, but it is proper to provide it in the cover letter, too.

Begin your cover letter with a paragraph that states the name of the manuscript and the names of the authors. You can also describe what type of manuscript your submission is (research article, review, case report, etc.). In this first paragraph and the next, describe the rationale behind your study and the major findings from your research. You can refer to prior work that you have published if it is directly related.

Next, write a short paragraph that explains why your manuscript would be a good fit for the journal. Do not simply state that your manuscript is “of interest to the field” or “novel.” Address specific aspects of the journal's Aims & Scope statement. If the journal expresses interest in research with a clinical application, be sure to highlight the importance of your work in terms of clinical implications. If the journal mentions that it focuses on nanostructured materials, explain how your work involved such materials. Even if your work is not a perfect fit for the journal, be sure to address some of the Aims & Scope statement, and explain why your manuscript would be of interest to the journal's readers.

Finally, close with a brief paragraph indicating the following:

• The manuscript is original (i.e., you wrote it, not copied it)
• No part of the manuscript has been published before, nor is any part of it under consideration for publication at another journal
• There are no conflicts of interest to disclose
• A list of potential reviewers (only if requested by the journal)
• Any researchers who should NOT review your manuscript

Together, this information provides assurance to the editor that your manuscript merits consideration for publication in their journal and that you are interested specifically in their journal. Sometimes great science will be reviewed regardless of the cover letter, but a well written cover letter is useful for the vast majority of scientists who want to make their research stand out.

Best of luck with your research! If you have any questions about your cover letter, write us anytime.

Ben Mudrak, PhD

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Cover Letter for Journal Submission Templates

Download a Microsoft Word template for a standard journal cover letter (also available with instructions in Chinese , Japanese , Korean , Portuguese , and Spanish ).

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How to Write a Cover Letter for Journal Submission

If you’re looking for solid advice on how to write a strong journal submission cover letter that will convince journal editors to review your research paper, then look no further! We know that cover letters  can  impact an editor’s decision to consider your research paper further.

This guide aims to explain (1) why you should care about writing a powerful cover letter, (2) what you should include in it, and (3) how you should structure it. The last segment will include a free downloadable submission cover letter template with detailed how-to explanations and some useful phrases. Finally, be sure to get journal manuscript editing , cover letter editing , and other academic editing services by Wordvice’s professional editors to ensure that you convey an academic style and error-free text, along with including all of the most important content.

Why does a good cover letter matter?

While your research paper’s role is to prove the merits of your research, a strong introductory cover letter is your opportunity to highlight the significance of your research and “sell” its concept to journal editors.

While your research paper’s role is to prove the merits of your research, a strong introductory cover letter is your opportunity to highlight the significance of your research and “sell” its concept to journal editors.

Sadly, we must admit that part of the decision-making process of whether to accept a manuscript is based on a business model. Editors must select articles that will interest their readers. In other words, your paper, if published, must make money . When it’s not quite clear how your research paper might generate interest based on its title and content alone (for example, if your paper is too technical for most editors to appreciate), your cover letter is the one opportunity you will get to convince the editors that your work is worth further review.

In addition to economic factors, many editors use the cover letter to screen whether authors can follow basic instructions . For example, if a journal’s guide for authors states that you must include disclosures, potential reviewers, and statements regarding ethical practices, failure to include these items might lead to the automatic rejection of your article, even if your research is the most progressive project on the planet! By failing to follow directions, you raise a red flag that you may be careless, and if you’re not attentive to the details of a cover letter, editors might wonder about the quality and thoroughness of your research. This is not the impression you want to give editors!

What to Include in a Cover Letter for a Journal Submission

We can’t stress this enough: Follow your target journal’s instructions for authors ! No matter what other advice you read in the vast webosphere, make sure you prioritize the information requested by the editors of the journal you are submitting to. As we explained above, failure to include required statements will lead to an automatic “ desk rejection ”.

With that said, below is a list of the most common elements you must include in your cover letter and what information you should NOT include:

Essential information:

• Editor’s name (when known)
• Name of the journal to which you are submitting
• Your manuscript’s title
• Article type (review, research, case study, etc.)
• Submission date
• Brief background of your study and the research question you sought to answer
• Brief overview of methodology used
• Principle findings and significance to scientific community (how your research advances our understanding of a concept)
• Corresponding author contact information
• Statement that your paper has not been previously published and is not currently under consideration by another journal and that all authors have approved of and have agreed to submit the manuscript to this journal

Other commonly requested information:

• Short list of similar articles previously published by the target journal
• List of relevant works by you or your co-authors that have been previously published or are under consideration by other journals. You can include copies of those works.
• Mention of any prior discussions with editor(s) (for example, if you discussed the topic with an editor at a conference)
• Technical specialties required to evaluate your paper
• Potential reviewers and their contact information
• If needed, reviewers to exclude (this information is most likely also requested elsewhere in online submissions forms)

Other disclosures/statements required by the journal (e.g., compliance with ethical standards, conflicts of interest , agreement to terms of submission, copyright sign-over, etc.)

What you should NOT do:

• Don’t use too much jargon or include too many acronyms.
• Don’t over-embellish your findings or their significance. Avoid words such as “novel,” “first ever,” and “paradigm-changing.” These types of statements show bias and will make the editor question your ability to assess your work’s merits objectively.
• Don’t name-drop. Listing people who might endorse your paper and discussing authors’ reputations do not interest editors. They want to know if your content fits their criteria, so focus solely on addressing that point.
• Don’t write a novel. While you want to adequately explain your work and sell its concept to editors, keep your cover letter to a maximum of one page. The letter is only meant to be an introduction and brief overview.
• Avoid humor . As much as we want to grab the editors’ attention, there are too many ways in which humor can go wrong!

How to Structure a Cover Letter

You should use formal language in your cover letter. Since most submissions are delivered electronically, the template below is in a modified e-mail format. However, if you send your cover letter on letterhead (PDF or hard copy by mail), move your contact information to the upper-left corner of the page unless you use pre-printed letterhead, in which case your contact information should be centered at the top of the letter.

ANNOTATED TEMPLATE Journal Submissions Cover Letter

[Journal Editor’s First and Last Name][, Graduate Degree (if any)] TIP: It’s customary to include any graduate degrees in the addressee’s name. e.g.,  John Smith, MD or Carolyn Daniels, MPH [Title] e.g.,  Editor-in-Chief, Managing Editor, Co-Editors-in-Chief [Journal Name] [Journal Address] [Submission Date: Month Day, Year]

Dear Dr./Mr./Ms. [Editor’s last name]:

TIP: Where the editor’s name is not known, use the relevant title employed by the journal, such as “Dear Managing Editor:” or “Dear Editor-in-Chief:”. Using a person’s name is best, however.

TIP: Use “Ms.” and never “Mrs.” or “Miss” in formal business letters.

TIP:  Never   use “Dear Sirs:” or any similar expression. Many editors will find this insulting, especially given that many of them are female!

[Para.1: 2–3 sentences]  I am writing to submit our manuscript entitled, [“Title”] for consideration as a [Journal Name][Article Type]. [One to two sentence “pitch” that summarizes the study design, where applicable, your research question, your major findings, and the conclusion.]

e.g.,  I am writing to submit our manuscript entitled, “X Marks the Spot” for consideration as an  Awesome Science Journal  research article. We examined the efficacy of using X factors as indicators for depression in Y subjects in Z regions through a 12-month prospective cohort study and can confirm that monitoring the levels of X is critical to identifying the onset of depression, regardless of geographical influences.

TIP: Useful phrases to discuss your findings and conclusion include:

• Our findings confirm that…
• We have determined that…
• Our results suggest…
• We found that…
• We illustrate…
• Our findings reveal…
• Our study clarifies…
• Our research corroborates…
• Our results establish…
• Our work substantiates…

[Para. 2: 2–5 sentences]  Given that [context that prompted your research], we believe that the findings presented in our paper will appeal to the [Reader Profile] who subscribe to [Journal Name]. Our findings will allow your readers to [identify the aspects of the journal’s  Aim and Scope  that align with your paper].

TIP: Identify the journal’s typical audience and how those people can utilize your research to expand their understanding of a topic. For example, if many of your target journal’s readers are interested in the public policy implications of various research studies, you may wish to discuss how your conclusions can help your peers to develop stronger policies that more effectively address public concerns.

TIP: Include context about why this research question had to be addressed.

e.g.,  “Given the struggle policymakers have had to define proper criteria to diagnose the onset of depression in teenagers, we felt compelled to identify a cost-effective and universal methodology that local school administrators can use to screen students.”

TIP: If your paper was prompted by prior research, state this. For example, “After initially researching X, Y approached us to conduct a follow-up study that examined Z. While pursuing this project, we discovered [some new understanding that made you decide the information needed to be shared with your peers via publication.]”

e.g.,  Given the alarming increase in depression rates among teenagers and the lack of any uniform practical tests for screening students, we believe that the findings presented in our paper will appeal to education policymakers who subscribe to  The Journal of Education . Although prior research has identified a few methods that could be used in depression screening, such as X and Y, the applications developed from those findings have been cost-prohibitive and difficult to administer on a national level. Thus, our findings will allow your readers to understand the factors involved in identifying the onset of depression in teenagers better and develop more cost-effective screening procedures that can be employed nationally. In so doing, we hope that our research advances the toolset needed to combat the concerns preoccupying the minds of many school administrators.

[Para 3: Similar works]  “This manuscript expands on the prior research conducted and published by [Authors] in [Journal Name]” or “This paper [examines a different aspect of]/ [takes a different approach to] the issues explored in the following papers also published by [Journal Name].”

TIP: You should mention similar studies recently published by your target journal, if any, but list no more than five. If you only want to mention one article, replace the preceding sentence with “This paper [examines a different aspect of]/ [takes a different approach to] the issues explored by [Authors] in [Article Title], also published by [Journal Name] on [DATE].”

[Para. 4: Additional statements often required]  Each of the authors confirms that this manuscript has not been previously published and is not currently under consideration by any other journal. Additionally, all of the authors have approved the contents of this paper and have agreed to the [Journal Name]’s submission policies.

TIP: If you have previously publicly shared some form or part of your research elsewhere, state so. For example, you can say, “We have presented a subset of our findings [at Event]/ [as a Type of Publication Medium] in [Location] in [Year].”

e.g.,  We have since expanded the scope of our research to contemplate international feasibility and acquired additional data that has helped us to develop a new understanding of geographical influences.

[Para. 5: Potential Reviewers]  Should you select our manuscript for peer review, we would like to suggest the following potential reviewers/referees because they would have the requisite background to evaluate our findings and interpretation objectively.

• [Name, institution, email, expertise]

To the best of our knowledge, none of the above-suggested persons have any conflict of interest, financial or otherwise.

TIP: Include 3–5 reviewers since it is likely that the journal will use at least one of your suggestions.

TIP: Use whichever term (“reviewer” or “referee”) your target journal uses. Paying close attention to a journal’s terminology is a sign that you have properly researched the journal and have prepared!

[Para. 6: Frequently requested additional information]  Each named author has substantially contributed to conducting the underlying research and drafting this manuscript. Additionally, to the best of our knowledge, the named authors have no conflict of interest, financial or otherwise.

[Your Name]

Corresponding Author Institution Title Institution/Affiliation Name [Institution Address] [Your e-mail address] [Tel: (include relevant country/area code)] [Fax: (include relevant country/area code)]

Additional Contact [should the corresponding author not be available] Institution Title Institution/Affiliation Name [Institution Address] [Your e-mail address] [Tel: (include relevant country/area code)] [Fax: (include relevant country/area code)]

Quick Cover Letter Checklist Before Submission

• Set the font to Arial or Times New Roman, size 12 point.
• Single-space all text.
• Use one line space between body paragraphs.
• Do not indent paragraphs.
• Keep all text left justified.
• Use spelling and grammar check software. If needed, use a proofreading service or cover letter editing service  such as Wordvice to review your letter for clarity and concision.
• Double-check the editor’s name. Call the journal to confirm if necessary.

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How to Write an Effective Cover Letter for Journal Submission | Example Cover Letter

When submitting your manuscript to a journal, it is important to include a well-written cover letter which could help your paper to reach the next level of the process. A good cover letter can voice your manuscript on behalf of you to the journal editor. You can take this opportunity to describe why your manuscript will be of importance and interesting to the journal’s readers, which is something that every journal editor looks for. Therefore, it is worth spending time to write a coherent and convincing cover letter for journal article submission. This article provides the best cover letter example format for your easy understanding.

Before start writing your cover letter, check the instructions for authors of your journal for any specific information to be included in the cover letter. Some journals suggest including few additional details in the cover letter.

The cover letter should claim that your article is a good fit for the journal and it should highlight your major research findings. Specify the theme or scope of the journal under which you are submitting the manuscript. The author should assure the editor that there are no conflicts of interest to publish your manuscript.

To help you with this, iLovePhD imparts you how to write an effective cover letter to a journal for research article submission, providing examples of what should be included, what should not be included, and a sample template of the cover letter.

Key points to include:

• Editor’s name (you can find this on the journal webpage ).
• Name of the journal
• Your article’s title
• Brief description of the novelty of the research and emphasis on your major research findings.
• A statement that your paper is not currently under consideration by another journal
• Contact information for you and any co-authors
• Confirm that you have no conflicts of interest
• A list of potential reviewers (If asked by the journal)
• Any researchers/reviewers who should not review your manuscript (If asked by the journal)

Points to avoid:

• Keep your cover letter to a maximum of one page (brief introduction and overview).
• Don’t copy your abstract into your cover letter; instead explain significance and novelty of your work in your own words.
• Don’t use too much jargon or acronyms; instead use simple, easy and straightforward language.
• Avoid spelling and grammar errors and ensure your letter is professional before submitting.

Example Cover Letter for Journal Submission

The best cover letter example for any publication (elsevier, wiley, IEEE, springer, pubmed, taylor and francis, and SAGE ) shown below:

Dr. / Prof. (Editor’s name)

Editor-in-Chief

Journal name

Dear Dr. /Prof. ( Editor’s name)

I/we wish to submit a research manuscript entitled “(title of research article)” for publishing in your esteemed journal. ( Briefly describe your research work in your own words. Don’t paste your abstract here. Clearly explain the novelty of your work and its significance and the reason to choose this journal for publication .)

I/we declare that all the authors ( all the authors’ name ) of this manuscript agreed to submit the manuscript to the journal ( Journal name ). We also agree to transfer copyright from the authors to the journal. The manuscript has been prepared as per the journal’s guidelines and checked for language correction.

I/we do confirm that this work is original and the manuscript is not currently under consideration for publication elsewhere.

Please address all the correspondence pertaining to this manuscript to me at ( email address ).

Thanking you

( Your name )

I Hope, this article helps you to know how to write an effective cover letter with an example to a journal for research article submission.

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How to  Publish in High Impact Journals? | iLovePhD

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Writing and formatting

In this section:

• NEW! Featured Author Support
• Language editing services
• Reproducing third party illustrative materials
• Suggesting reviewers
• Writing a cover letter
• Video abstracts
• Video: How to submit your article

The cover letter gives you the opportunity to present an overview of your manuscript to the editor.

Your cover letter should include

• The objective and approach of your research
• Any novel contributions reported
• Why your manuscript should be published in this journal
• Any special considerations about your submission
• Related papers by you and/or your fellow authors (published or under consideration)
• Previous reviews of your submission
• Previous submissions of your manuscript to that journal
• Previous communication you’ve had with journal staff

You’re encouraged to submit previous communications as they can help expedite the review process. If you have any of the following, you can submit them as ‘Supplementary file for editors only’:

• Copies of related papers
• Previous editors’ comments and your responses
• Previous reviewers’ comments and your responses

NIH Employees

If you or any of your co-authors are NIH employees, you will have to submit a completed and signed NIH Publishing Agreement and Manuscript Cover Sheet according to NIH’s Employee Procedures .

Cover Letter For Journal Submission: Sample and Tips

If you submit an article for journal publication, it’s good practice to include a cover letter. You can use the letter to introduce yourself and tell the editor why the research you have done is important. Remember, the journal editor will want to know why your work is a perfect fit for their publication and why their audience will benefit from reading it.

If your cover letter and article are of top-notch quality, this increases your chance of making it to the peer review stage. That makes it worth the time you will spend writing and perfecting your cover letter for journal submission. 

Not sure where to begin? Take a look below. We’ve got some great writing tips as well as an example cover letter for journal submission.

Journal Submission Cover Letter Sample in .docx Format

Here is a sample cover letter. Feel free to use it as an aid to composing your own submission! 

Download example (Word version)

Cover Letter Example For Journal Submission – Text Format

Dear Dr. James Brower,

My name is Dr. Eileen Ninja. I am respectfully submitting the attached article: “Impacts of Urban Ecological Restoration on Healthcare Outcomes” on behalf of my colleagues (Dr. Jensen Williams, and Byron James) for publication in ‘Modern Ecology Journal’. It is our belief that the work we have done will serve as a valuable reference for other researchers in the urban ecology discipline.

Our article reflects field research and post-research analysis conducted from January 2017 – January 2020. This work has not been published in any other journals. We affirm that we are the owners of this work and give permission for its publication, solely in the journal listed above. As research lead, I further affirm that I have full consent and agreement of my co-researchers in making this submission.

The submitted article summarizes research that we did on several urban ecological restoration projects within inner-city neighborhoods in medium to large cities in the Midwestern United States as well as the Great Lakes Region. Specifically, we researched the potential impacts of urban restoration or ‘greening’ projects on air quality-related health conditions.

As our research builds upon several articles previously published in the Modern Ecology Journal, we believe it will be relevant to your readers. Further, it reaches both new conclusions and introduces new questions for future research use.

I have attached the manuscript in its final form, as well as consent to publish from my colleagues. I look forward to your feedback.

Respectfully,

Dr. Eileen Ninja

Journal Submission Cover Letter Writing Tips

Writing a journal article is hard, penning a cover letter is easier. But still, it’s nice to have some pointers, right? Take a look at these tips to help ensure your cover letter really nails it.

Keep a Loose Structure in Mind

Most academic journals don’t have a specific template for you to use for submission letters. Although, you should research to make sure that is the case. 

That said, your letter should follow a loose structure that includes:

• Introducing yourself and your fellow researchers.
• The title of your article.
• A summary of the research.
• Your reasons that it will be of use to that journal’s readers.
• Your methodology.
• A statement that you own the work, have the right to submit it and have obtained permission from the other researchers.
• A list of attachments.

Think of this as a bit of a checklist that you can keep at the back of your head as you work on the letter. 

Don’t Repeat Your Research Abstract

Some researchers make the mistake of copying their research abstract into their cover letter and calling it a day. This is a blunder. Because the reader will still take the time to check it out. So by copying it to your letter, you lose a chance to provide some extra background. 

Instead, describe your research using your own words. Address the main points only. Your goal should be to describe it in a way that is easy to read and understand. Aim for a clear and concise description that is three or so sentences long.

Make it Relevant to The Audience

Your most important task here is to make a compelling case that the journal readers are going to be interested in reading about your research. Remember that there are thousands of academic journals. Each of these deals with a very specific subset of an academic discipline . You must research carefully to ensure that you are reaching out to the most relevant publications. 

Once you have done that, you should be able to easily describe why it would be relevant. Keep in mind that the key points are going to be, how your work expands on other research, how it draws conclusions that will be relevant to other researchers, or how it reveals questions for researchers to explore in the future.

Final Tip: Keep it Brief

Remember that your job is to summarize your research in order to show the publisher that it is well-done and relevant to their audience. If you find that your letter is more than one page long, chances are you need to do a bit of editing. Remember, the details are best left to your research article, and that will be reviewed by your peers.

Other Cover Letter Samples

Software engineer cover letter example to help you make your mark, a creative cover letter for manuscript submission, a creative graphic design cover letter example, cover letter for a director position: example.

A huge collection of cover letters created by a ninja team of writers and career advisors. Learn how to write, style and file cover letters that employers actually enjoy reading.

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Scientific Publishing in Biomedicine: How to Write a Cover Letter?

Zahra bahadoran.

1 Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Parvin Mirmiran

Khosrow kashfi.

2 Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, School of Medicine, City University of New York, New York, USA

Asghar Ghasemi

3 Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

A cover (covering) letter is a brief business letter introducing the scientific work alongside the submission process of a manuscript and is required by most scientific peer-review journals. A typical cover letter includes the name of the editor and the journal, date of submission, the characteristics of the manuscript, the importance of the work and its relevance to prospective audiences, declarations such as author agreements, conflicts of interest statement, funding source (s), and ethical statements. The letter also includes the contact information of the corresponding author (s) and may also include suggestions of potential reviewers. Spending enough time to draft an informative, comprehensive, and concise cover letter is quite worthwhile; a poorly drafted one would not persuade the editor that the submitted work is fit for publication and may lead to immediate rejection. Here, we provide a practical guide to draft a well-written, concise, and professional cover letter for a scientific medical paper.

The Cambridge dictionary defines a cover letter as “a letter that contains information about the thing it is sent with”. The cover letter is commonly known as a motivation letter submitted along with the curriculum vitae (CV) or a job application for employment ( 1 ) or academic position ( 2 ), and it is not clear why and how it was introduced into the scientific field ( 3 ). In scientific writing and publishing, a cover/covering letter is a letter to the editor’s target journal ( 4 ).

Providing a cover letter alongside the submission process is now required by most scientific journals. In fact, some high-quality and prestigious journals pay specific attention to the cover letter ( 3 ). Amongst the different steps of the publication process, the cover letter is the last step and is often overlooked ( 5 ). One of the most common complaints voiced by editors regarding submitted manuscripts is that the authors neglect to write a well-written cover letter, including a statement justifying the importance of their work ( 6 ). Missing this opportunity may have unintentional consequences, rejection without further consideration instead of being sent for external peer-review ( 5 , 6 ). Contrary to this view, some believe that the cover letter’s content overlaps with the manuscript’s abstract and gives mostly redundant information already found within the online submission system ( 3 ). The cover letter may also be a “misleading commercial advertisement” where it would not represent the content of the manuscript ( 3 ).

Although many editors may not read or seriously consider the cover letters of the submitted manuscripts ( 3 , 4 ), neglecting the importance of the cover letter may be a risk for the authors. Therefore, spending an adequate amount of time to write a coherent and persuasive cover letter is worth it. Following our previous publication on choosing a journal in a new series entitled Scientific Publishing in Biomedicine ( 7 ), here, we provided a practical guide to draft a well-written, professional, and concise cover letter needed to be accompanied by an original scientific paper, either with the initial submission or subsequently at revision/resubmitting stage. Since there are subtle differences in writing a cover letter for an original research paper versus a review article or an opinion, some points for drafting a cover letter for such papers are also discussed.

2. The Function of the Cover Letter

A cover letter is “a brief business letter”, which introduces the submitted manuscript to a prospective editor (s) ( 8 ). There are essentially two types of letters; the first is the one that is initially submitted with the manuscript (cover letter), and the second is when a revision is being submitted (revised letter). The first letter introduces the work at the initial manuscript submission ( 9 ), while the second one is needed following an invitation to revise and resubmit the manuscript. Here, the authors respond to the suggestions/criticisms of the reviewers ( 10 ). In this paper, “cover letter” and “second letter” refer to the first/submit letter and the revised letter, respectively.

A well-written cover letter is an effective tool for authors to sell their work to the journal editor and make a “good first impression”. A cover letter is a summary that highlights the main points, emphasizes the novelty, and communicates the potential implications of the submitted work ( 3 ). A cover letter allows the authors to persuade the editors regarding the novelty/originality and significance of the research in a less formal manner than in the manuscript itself ( 6 ). A well-written and informative cover letter helps the journal’s editor to be informed about the work and its significance. Regardless of the novelty and significance of the submitted manuscript, editors may miss those points without providing insights in a cover letter ( 5 ).

3. The Content of a Cover Letter

3.1. first cover letter (submit letter).

One point of view is that the cover letter’s content should be covered in the manuscript’s abstract ( 3 ). A typical cover letter includes the name of editor (s) and the journal, date of submission, the characteristics of the manuscript (i.e., title, type of the manuscript, e.g., review, original, case report), the importance of the work and its relevance to the readership of the journal, verification of the originality of the work, the authors’ confirmation that the manuscript is currently submitted only to this journal, declarations and ethical statements, suggested potential reviewers, and contact information of the corresponding author of the submitted work ( 5 , 6 ). Other manuscript characteristics, including the length and number of tables and figures, can also be indicated. If the manuscript belongs to a special issue or is being submitted upon an official invitation from the journal’s editorial office, it should also be addressed. The main contents of the first cover letter are described in Table 1 .

The most critical element of a cover letter is a “statement of novelty/significance/implication.” The authors are advised to carefully write a brief and concise description of their work’s impact toward communicating its significance ( 6 ). The authors are strongly advised not to copy the abstract into the cover letter and instead explain in their own words the significance of the work and the reason for submitting it to the journal ( 11 ). If this information is lacking, the editors may rely on the reviewers who may not appreciate the significance of the work and just focus on the technical issues rather than the scientific value of the work ( 5 ). Providing a clear and robust statement of novelty and significance would be more critical for editors and potential reviewers with diverse and interdisciplinary backgrounds ( 6 ).

The statements are expected to answer the following questions: (1) why is the work important? (e.g., emphasizing a new measurement, a new diagnostic method or criterion, a newly discovered biological process); and (2) how does the work advance current knowledge in the field? The best approach to answer this question is by describing the current state of knowledge in the field and clarifying how the work provides an added value by answering a previously unanswered question, finding the solution to a problem, or improving existing methods ( 5 ). Checking the recently published papers on similar topics in the journal provides new insights for the authors to clarify in the cover letter as to how the manuscript follows the publication trends of the journal and will add something new that would be relevant to the trend ( 12 ).

The cover letter is also expected to emphasize why the manuscript will attract the journal’s readers ( 5 ). The authors also need to consider the journal’s Aims and Scope to underscore how the manuscript would fit within the journal’s scope and attract potential readers ( 13 ). Instead of stating simply that the manuscript is “of interest to the field” or “novel,” the authors should address specific aspects of the journal’s Aims and Scope statement, e.g., “We believe that this manuscript is appropriate for publication by [journal name] since it… [reference to the journal’s aims and scope] ( 11 ).

For a review, opinion, or a trends paper, emphasizing the timeline and novelty is needed, as stated by Sacristán, the editor of trends in molecular medicine: “The synthesis and conceptual advance should be particularly stated in terms of what is new and has been trending in the field for the last one to five years”. She also recommends that the authors need to provide a future perspective beyond the main take-home message of the manuscript for a trends paper and take a strong and novel stance on a hypothesis or idea for a cover letter of an opinion manuscript ( 14 ).

The cover letter must contain some predefined statements, including the “author agreement” statement ( 13 ). An “author agreement” is a statement to confirm that “all authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript being submitted” ( 8 ). Furthermore, “the authors warrant that the manuscript is their original work, has not received prior publication and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere” ( 8 ). Some journals may request the corresponding author to confirm that he/she will take responsibility for informing co-authors of editorial decisions, reviews received, and any changes or revisions made; additionally, the editor (s) should be informed about any closely related manuscript (s) simultaneously submitted for consideration to the same or another journal ( 15 ). The authors also should declare if any part of the submitted work has been previously published elsewhere, even as an abstract ( 16 ); e.g., “there is some overlap in the content of the introduction section, which we have noted in the text”.

Depending on the journal’s policy, other statements, including “conflict of interest statement”, “funding source declarations”, and “permission note”, may also be required to be included in the cover letter ( 8 , 11 ). As indicated by Elsevier, a conflict of interest statement, known as a disclosure statement, is a declaration from the author that “there is no financial/personal interest or belief that could affect their objectivity”. The publisher emphasizes that the authors should declare and state the potential conflict’s source and nature in cases where a conflict of interest exists. A funding source declaration is defined by the publisher as “a declaration of any funding or research grants (and their sources) received in the course of study, research or assembly of the manuscript”. Elsevier also defines the permission note as a statement that declares that “permission has been received to use any material in the manuscript such as a figure, which is not original content” ( 8 , 17 ). Other statements like “Statement of English native editing” may also be added.

Furthermore, informing the editor (s) regarding any information that will support the submission (e.g., original or confirmatory data, supplementary materials, relevance, topicality) can be helpful ( 8 ). Other operational information, typically provided within checkboxes of the journal’s submission system, is not required to be included in the cover letter ( 5 ).

3.2. Second Cover Letter

The second cover letter, which accompanies the revised version of the manuscript, must be a model of clarity and must address every issue posed by the editor and reviewers ( 10 ). If the revised manuscript is sent for the second round of peer-review, the reviewer (s) will see the letter. The content of the header and footer sections of the revised letter is similar to that of the submitted cover letter. The letter should be directed to the editor as addressed in the first letter unless the authors are informed that a new editor will process the revised version ( 10 ). The first paragraph should start with an “expression of polite gratitude”, e.g., “we would like to thank you for the opportunity to revise and resubmit our manuscript.” The “manuscript ID” or “identification number,” usually assigned by the journal in the first submission, should be addressed in the first paragraph ( 10 ).

The second paragraph usually “signals attention to the reviewers’ comments” by providing an explicit reference to the comments made by the reviewers and the editor. Furthermore, it may contain a positive statement regarding the results, methodology, conclusions, etc., in which case the authors need to acknowledge reviews’ insights ( 10 , 18 ). For example, “We sincerely appreciate all the valuable comments and suggestions made, which helped us improve the revised version of our manuscript” or “we found the reviewers’ comments helpful in guiding us to revise the manuscript.” Such statements will help the authors in creating a polite, formal tone throughout the letter. The paragraph should be followed by providing the editor with a roadmap or a summary of the revisions, addressing “the response to comments attachment.” A point-by-point response to the specific comments of the reviewers must be provided. If the authors disagree with a point raised by a reviewer, a rebuttal or counterstatement may be in order. A scientific and polite approach should spell out why the authors disagree, never losing sight of the reviewer’s opinion ( 19 ).

The footer section (closing salutation) of the letter returns to polite formalities, using statements like “we hope that the revised version of our manuscript is now acceptable to the reviewers, and suitable for publication in the [name of journal], we look forward to hearing from you at your earliest convenience” ( 10 ).

4. Organization

Although it is not a rule, the cover letter’s content can be organized within a cover letter header (opening salutation), three main paragraphs (the body of cover letter), and a cover letter footer (closing salutation), as described in Table 1 .

The cover letter should be initiated by addressing the editor (s) and the target journal; however, the author’s affiliation and contact information may also be included at the top of page ( 4 ). The name of the editor (s) can be easily found on the journal’s information page. If it is known, the authors must address the editor who will receive the manuscript and handle the peer-review process ( 13 ). If there are several co-editors, the person the author feels has the most appropriate background, and specialty of the topic should be addressed. In cases where such information is lacking, authors can mention all editors by name or address the letter to “dear editors” ( 12 ); however, it has been recommended to avoid writing “dear editor” ( 16 ). Also, the submission date and the journal’s name where the manuscript will be submitted are required ( 13 ).

In the first paragraph of the cover letter body, to introduce the submitted work, the title and the type of manuscript, authors’ name, journal name, and manuscript length are presented ( 4 ). In addition, it is mentioned that whether the manuscript is submitted upon an invitation or belongs to a special issue. The importance of the study, including novelty, potential implications, and its take-home message, are addressed in the second paragraph of the cover letter body. In addition, it is explained why the work would be attractive for journal readers. The third paragraph of the cover letter body includes some statements including authorship agreement, conflicts of interest, funding source, and ethical considerations. If required, potential reviewers are also suggested here.

Within the closing salutation, the authors can appreciate the editor for taking the time to read the cover letter and considering the submitted work for potential publication.

5. Some Practical Tips: The Length, and Dos and Don’ts

The authors need to spend plenty of time crafting their cover letters. They are advised to avoid too many details and keep it within one page (less than 200 words), like an introduction or a brief overview ( 4 , 11 ). The authors should check the guide for authors and cover letter suggestions provided by the journal, including all the requirements, e.g., specific disclosures, statements, and potential reviewers. Some publishers (e.g., Springer, https://www.springer.com/gp/authors-editors/journal-author/cover-letters/1398, Taylor & Francis, https://authorservices.taylorandfrancis.com/publishing-your-research/making-your submission/writing-a-journal-article-cover-letter/) provide sample cover letters that the authors can use. Figure 1 provides a sample for a cover letter.

If the authors address previously published papers in the cover letter, then appropriate citation should be considered. The authors should carefully check the letter for any spelling and grammatical errors ( 11 , 20 ). They should make sure that they correctly spell the name of the journal’s editor (s) ( 4 ). Being careless regarding the editor’s name or the change of a journal’s name in a cover letter of a resubmitted manuscript, can be embarrassing and make a bad impression ( 4 ). It is suggested that the cover letter be written on the authors’ institutional letterhead to display professionalism and reliability ( 20 , 21 ).

5.2. Don’ts

When authors suggest a number of potential reviewers, they should avoid suggesting their friends and colleagues, as this would be viewed as a conflict of interest. Collaborators whom the authors have published with in the past five years should not be suggested either; an editor may easily be informed of such associations by a quick search of PubMed or other databases ( 22 ). The authors should avoid using complex sentence structures, jargon, and acronyms and keep the text straightforward and easy to read ( 11 , 20 ). The authors should also avoid including unrelated personal information or glorifying their past research papers or any of their academic accolades ( 20 ). They must not be rude towards the editors or complement the editor’s accomplishments ( 4 ). The novelty statement should not exaggerate or overstate the findings of the work; furthermore, any conclusion stated should be completely supported by the data provided in the manuscript ( 23 ). Finally, authors are recommended not to write a generic cover letter that could be used for any manuscript and could be sent to any journal ( 21 ).

6. Conclusion

In summary, a cover letter should highlight the novelty, importance, take-home message, and goodness-of-fit of the manuscript to the journal. These are critical information that can persuade an editor that the submitted work merits publication consideration in the journal. The cover letter should not be general but should be custom-written for the target journal. Although the submitted manuscript may usually pass through the peer-review process and get published regardless of the cover letter, a well-written, informative, and concise cover letter increases the chance of gaining acceptance.

Authors' Contribution: Study concept and design, Zahra Bahadoran and Asghar Ghasemi; Drafting of the manuscript, Zahra Bahadoran, Parvin Mirmiran, and Asghar Ghasemi; Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content, Khosrow Kashfi and Parvin Mirmiran.

Conflict of Interests: The authors have no conflict of interest.

Funding/Support: This study was supported by the Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (grant number 28127).

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How to Write a Cover Letter

Advice for tackling one of the toughest parts of the job-hunting process.

Perhaps the most challenging part of the job application process is writing an effective cover letter. And yes, you should send one. Even if only one in two cover letters gets read, that’s still a 50% chance that including one could help you. Before you start writing, find out more about the company and the specific job you want. Next, catch the attention of the hiring manager or recruiter with a strong opening line. If you have a personal connection with the company or someone who works there, mention it in the first sentence or two, and try to address your letter to someone directly. Hiring managers are looking for people who can help them solve problems, so show that you know what the company does and some of the challenges it faces. Then explain how your experience has equipped you to meet those needs. If the online application doesn’t allow you to submit a cover letter, use the format you’re given to demonstrate your ability to do the job and your enthusiasm for the role.

No one likes job hunting. Scouring through online job listings, spiffing up your résumé , prepping for grueling interviews  — none of it is fun. For many, the most challenging part of the process is writing an effective cover letter. There’s so much conflicting advice out there, it’s hard to know where to start. Do you even need one, especially if you’re applying through an online system?

• Amy Gallo is a contributing editor at Harvard Business Review, cohost of the Women at Work podcast , and the author of two books: Getting Along: How to Work with Anyone (Even Difficult People) and the HBR Guide to Dealing with Conflict . She writes and speaks about workplace dynamics. Watch her TEDx talk on conflict and follow her on LinkedIn . amyegallo

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How to Write a Cover Letter [Full Guide & Examples for 2024]

After weeks of heavy job searching, you’re almost there!

You’ve perfected your resume.

You’ve short-listed the coolest jobs you want to apply for.

You’ve even had a friend train you for every single interview question out there.

But then, before you can send in your application and call it a day, you remember that you need to write a cover letter too.

So now, you’re stuck staring at a blank page, wondering where to start...

Don’t panic! We’ve got you covered. Writing a cover letter is a lot simpler than you might think. 

In this guide, we’re going to teach you how to write a cover letter that gets you the job you deserve.

We're going to cover:

What Is a Cover Letter?

• How to Write the Perfect Cover Letter, Step by Step
• 15+ Job-Winning Cover Letter Examples

Let’s get started.

A cover letter is a document that you submit as part of your job application, alongside your resume or CV.

The purpose of a cover letter is to introduce you and briefly summarize your professional background. On average, it should be around 250 to 400 words long .

A good cover letter is supposed to impress the hiring manager and convince them you’re worth interviewing as a candidate.

So, how can your cover letter achieve this?

First of all, it should complement your resume, not copy it. Your cover letter is your chance to elaborate on important achievements, skills, or anything else that your resume doesn’t give you the space to cover. 

For example, if you have an employment gap on your resume, the cover letter is a great place to explain why it happened and how it helped you grow as a person. 

If this is your first time writing a cover letter, writing about yourself might seem complicated. But don’t worry—you don’t need to be super creative or even a good writer .

All you have to do is follow this tried and tested cover letter structure:

• Header. Add all the necessary contact information at the top of your cover letter.
• Formal greeting. Choose an appropriate way to greet your target audience.
• Introduction. Introduce yourself in the opening paragraph and explain your interest in the role.
• Body. Elaborate on why you’re the best candidate for the job and a good match for the company. Focus on “selling” your skills, achievements, and relevant professional experiences.
• Conclusion. Summarize your key points and wrap it up professionally.

Now, let’s take a look at an example of a cover letter that follows our structure perfectly:

New to cover letter writing? Give our cover letter video a watch before diving into the article!

When Should You Write a Cover Letter?

You should always include a cover letter in your job application, even if the hiring manager never reads it. Submitting a cover letter is as important as submitting a resume if you want to look like a serious candidate.

If the employer requests a cover letter as part of the screening process, not sending one is a huge red flag and will probably get your application tossed into the “no” pile immediately.

On the other hand, if the job advertisement doesn’t require a cover letter from the candidates, adding one shows you went the extra mile.

Putting in the effort to write a cover letter can set you apart from other candidates with similar professional experience and skills, and it could even sway the hiring manager to call you for an interview if you do it right.

Need to write a letter to help get you into a good school or volunteer program? Check out our guide to learn how to write a motivation letter !

How to Write the Perfect Cover Letter

Now that you know what a cover letter is, it’s time to learn how to write one!

We’ll go through the process in detail, step by step.

#1. Choose the Right Cover Letter Template

A good cover letter is all about leaving the right first impression.

So, what’s a better way to leave a good impression than a well-formatted, stylish template?

Just choose one of our hand-picked cover letter templates , and you’ll be all set in no time!

As a bonus, our intuitive AI will even give you suggestions on how to improve your cover letter as you write it. You’ll have the perfect cover letter done in minutes!

#2. Put Contact Information in the Header

As with a resume, it’s important to start your cover letter with your contact details at the top. These should be in your cover letter’s header, separated neatly from the bulk of your text.

Here, you want to include all the essential contact information , including:

• Full Name. Your first and last name should stand out at the top.
• Job Title. Match the professional title underneath your name to the exact job title of the position you’re applying for. Hiring managers often hire for several roles at once, so giving them this cue about what role you’re after helps things go smoother.
• Email Address. Always use a professional and easy-to-spell email address. Ideally, it should combine your first and last names.
• Phone Number. Add a number where the hiring manager can easily reach you.
• Location. Add your city and state/country, no need for more details.
• Relevant Links (optional). You can add links to websites or social media profiles that are relevant to your field. Examples include a LinkedIn profile , Github, or an online portfolio.

Then it’s time to add the recipient’s contact details, such as:

• Hiring Manager's Name. If you can find the name of the hiring manager, add it.
• Hiring Manager's Title. While there’s no harm in writing “hiring manager,” if they’re the head of the department, we recommend you use that title accordingly.
• Company Name. Make sure to write the name of the company you're applying to.
• Location. The city and state/country are usually enough information here, too.
• Date of Writing (Optional). You can include the date you wrote your cover letter for an extra professional touch.

#3. Address the Hiring Manager

Once you’ve properly listed all the contact information, it’s time to start writing the content of the cover letter.

The first thing you need to do here is to address your cover letter directly to the hiring manager.

In fact, you want to address the hiring manager personally .

Forget the old “Dear Sir or Madam” or the impersonal “To Whom It May Concern.” You want to give your future boss a good impression and show them that you did your research before sending in your application.

No one wants to hire a job seeker who just spams 20+ companies and hopes something sticks with their generic approach

So, how do you find out who’s the hiring manager?

First, check the job ad. The hiring manager’s name might be listed somewhere in it.

If that doesn’t work, check the company’s LinkedIn page. You just need to look up the head of the relevant department you’re applying to, and you’re all set.

For example, if you’re applying for the position of Communication Specialist at Novorésumé. The hiring manager is probably the Head of Communications or the Chief Communications Officer.

Here’s what you should look for on LinkedIn:

And there you go! You have your hiring manager.

But let’s say you’re applying for a position as a server . In that case, you’d be looking for the “restaurant manager” or “food and beverage manager.”

If the results don’t come up with anything, try checking out the “Team” page on the company website; there’s a good chance you’ll at least find the right person there.

Make sure to address them as Mr. or Ms., followed by their last name. If you’re not sure about their gender or marital status, you can just stick to their full name, like so:

• Dear Mr. Kurtuy,
• Dear Andrei Kurtuy,

But what if you still can’t find the hiring manager’s name, no matter where you look?

No worries. You can direct your cover letter to the company, department, or team as a whole, or just skip the hiring manager’s name.

• Dear [Department] Hiring Manager
• Dear Hiring Manager
• Dear [Department] Team
• Dear [Company Name]

Are you applying for a research position? Learn how to write an academic personal statement .

#4. Write an Eye-Catching Introduction

First impressions matter, especially when it comes to your job search.

Hiring managers get hundreds, sometimes even thousands, of applications. Chances are, they’re not going to be reading every single cover letter end-to-end.

So, it’s essential to catch their attention from the very first paragraph.

The biggest problem with most opening paragraphs is that they’re usually extremely generic. Here’s an example:

• My name is Jonathan, and I’d like to work as a Sales Manager at XYZ Inc. I’ve worked as a Sales Manager at MadeUpCompany Inc. for 5+ years, so I believe that I’d be a good fit for the position.

See the issue here? This opening paragraph doesn’t say anything except the fact that you’ve worked the job before.

And do you know who else has similar work experience? All the other applicants you’re competing with.

Instead, you want to start with some of your top achievements to grab the reader’s attention. And to get the point across, the achievements should be as relevant as possible to the position.

Your opening paragraph should also show the hiring manager a bit about why you want this specific job. For example, mention how the job relates to your plans for the future or how it can help you grow professionally. This will show the hiring manager that you’re not just applying left and right—you’re actually enthusiastic about getting this particular role.

Now, let’s make our previous example shine:

Dear Mr. Smith,

My name’s Michael, and I’d like to help XYZ Inc. hit and exceed its sales goals as a Sales Manager. I’ve worked as a Sales Representative with Company X, another fin-tech company , for 3+ years, where I generated an average of $30,000+ in sales per month and beat the KPIs by around 40%. I believe that my previous industry experience, passion for finance , and excellence in sales make me the right candidate for the job.

The second candidate starts with what they can do for the company in the future and immediately lists an impressive and relevant achievement. Since they’re experienced in the same industry and interested in finance, the hiring manager can see they’re not just a random applicant.

From this introduction, it’s safe to say that the hiring manager would read the rest of this candidate’s cover letter.

#5. Use the Cover Letter Body for Details

The next part of your cover letter is where you can go into detail about what sets you apart as a qualified candidate for the job.

The main thing you need to remember here is that you shouldn’t make it all about yourself . Your cover letter is supposed to show the hiring manager how you relate to the job and the company you’re applying to.

No matter how cool you make yourself sound in your cover letter, if you don’t tailor it to match what the hiring manager is looking for, you’re not getting an interview.

To get this right, use the job ad as a reference when writing your cover letter. Make sure to highlight skills and achievements that match the job requirements, and you’re good to go.

Since this part of your cover letter is by far the longest, you should split it into at least two paragraphs.

Here’s what each paragraph should cover:

Explain Why You’re the Perfect Candidate for the Role

Before you can show the hiring manager that you’re exactly what they’ve been looking for, you need to know what it is they’re looking for.

Start by doing a bit of research. Learn what the most important skills and responsibilities of the role are according to the job ad, and focus on any relevant experience you have that matches them.

For example, if you’re applying for the position of a Facebook Advertiser. The top requirements on the job ad are:

• Experience managing a Facebook ad budget of $10,000+ / month
• Some skills in advertising on other platforms (Google Search + Twitter)
• Excellent copywriting skills

So, in the body of your cover letter, you need to show how you meet these requirements. Here’s an example of what that can look like:

In my previous role as a Facebook Marketing Expert at XYZ Inc. I handled customer acquisition through ads, managing a monthly Facebook ad budget of $40,000+ . As the sole digital marketer at the company, I managed the ad creation and management process end-to-end. I created the ad copy and images, picked the targeting, ran optimization trials, and so on.

Other than Facebook advertising, I’ve also delved into other online PPC channels, including:

• Google Search

Our example addresses all the necessary requirements and shows off the candidate’s relevant skills.

Are you a student applying for your first internship? Learn how to write an internship cover letter with our dedicated guide.

Explain Why You’re a Good Fit for the Company

As skilled and experienced as you may be, that’s not all the hiring manager is looking for.

They also want someone who’s a good fit for their company and who actually wants to work there.

Employees who don’t fit in with the company culture are likely to quit sooner or later. This ends up costing the company a ton of money, up to 50% of the employee’s annual salary , so hiring managers vet candidates very carefully to avoid this scenario.

So, you have to convince the hiring manager that you’re passionate about working with them.

Start by doing some research about the company. You want to know things like:

• What’s the company’s business model?
• What’s the company’s product or service? Have you used it?
• What’s the company’s culture like?

Chances are, you’ll find all the information you need either on the company website or on job-search websites like Jobscan or Glassdoor.

Then, pick your favorite thing about the company and talk about it in your cover letter.

But don’t just describe the company in its own words just to flatter them. Be super specific—the hiring manager can see through any fluff.

For example, if you’re passionate about their product and you like the company’s culture of innovation and independent work model, you can write something like:

I’ve personally used the XYZ Smartphone, and I believe that it’s the most innovative tech I’ve used in years. The features, such as Made-Up-Feature #1 and Made-Up-Feature #2, were real game changers for the device.

I really admire how Company XYZ strives for excellence in all its product lines, creating market-leading tech. As someone who thrives in a self-driven environment, I truly believe that I’ll be a great match for your Product Design team.

So, make sure to do your fair share of research and come up with good reasons why you're applying to that specific company.

Is the company you want to work for not hiring at the moment? Check out our guide to writing a letter of interest .

#6. Wrap It Up and Sign It

Finally, it’s time to conclude your cover letter.

In the final paragraph, you want to:

• Wrap up any points you couldn't make in the previous paragraphs. Do you have anything left to say? If there’s any other information that could help the hiring manager make their decision, mention it here. If not, just recap your key selling points so far, such as key skills and expertise.
• Express gratitude. Politely thanking the hiring manager for their time is always a good idea.
• Finish the cover letter with a call to action. The very last sentence in your cover letter should be a call to action. This means you should ask the hiring manager to do something, like call you and discuss your application or arrange an interview.
• Remember to sign your cover letter. Just add a formal closing line and sign your name at the bottom.

Here’s an example of how to end your cover letter :

I hope to help Company X make the most of their Facebook marketing initiatives. I'd love to further discuss how my previous success at XYZ Inc. can help you achieve your Facebook marketing goals. Please don’t hesitate to reach out to me at the provided email address or phone number so that we may arrange an interview.

Thank you for your consideration,

Alice Richards

Feel free to use one of these other popular closing lines for your cover letter:

• Best Regards,
• Kind Regards,

Cover Letter Writing Checklist

Once you’re done with your cover letter, it’s time to check if it meets all industry requirements. 

Give our handy cover letter writing checklist a look to make sure:

Does your cover letter heading include all essential information?

• Professional Email
• Phone Number
• Relevant Links

Do you address the right person? 

• The hiring manager in the company
• Your future direct supervisor
• The company/department in general

Does your introductory paragraph grab the reader's attention?

• Did you mention some of your top achievements?
• Did you use numbers and facts to back up your experience?
• Did you convey enthusiasm for the specific role?

Do you show that you’re the right candidate for the job?

• Did you identify the core requirements for the role?
• Did you show how your experiences helped you fit the requirements perfectly?

Do you convince the hiring manager that you’re passionate about the company you’re applying to?

• Did you identify the top 3 things that you like about the company?
• Did you avoid generic reasons for explaining your interest in the company?

Did you conclude your cover letter properly?

• Did you recap your key selling points in the conclusion?
• Did you end your cover letter with a call to action?
• Did you use the right formal closing line and sign your name?

15 Cover Letter Tips

Now you’re all set to write your cover letter! 

Before you start typing, here are some cover letter tips to help take your cover letter to the next level:

• Customize Your Cover Letter for Each Job. Make sure your cover letter is tailored to the job you're applying for. This shows you're not just sending generic applications left and right, and it tells the hiring manager you’re the right person for the job.
• Showcase Your Skills. Talk about how your skills meet the company’s needs. And while your hard skills should be front and center, you shouldn’t underestimate your soft skills in your cover letter either.
• Avoid Fluff. Don’t make any generic statements you can’t back up. The hiring manager can tell when you’re just throwing words around, and it doesn’t make your cover letter look good.
• Use Specific Examples. Instead of saying you're great at something, give an actual example to back up your claim. Any data you can provide makes you sound more credible, so quantify your achievements. For example, give numbers such as percentages related to your performance and the timeframe it took to accomplish certain achievements.
• Research the Company. Always take time to learn about the company you're applying to. Make sure to mention something about them in your cover letter to show the hiring manager that you're interested.
• Follow the Application Instructions. If the job posting asks for something specific in your cover letter or requires a certain format, make sure you include it. Not following instructions can come off as unattentive or signal to the hiring manager that you’re not taking the job seriously.
• Use the Right Template and Format. Choose the right cover letter format and adapt your cover letter’s look to the industry you’re applying for. For example, if you’re aiming for a job in Law or Finance, you should go for a cleaner, more professional look. But if you’re applying for a field that values innovation, like IT or Design, you have more room for creativity.
• Express Your Enthusiasm. Let the hiring manager know why you're excited about the job. Your passion for the specific role or the field in general can be a big selling point, and show them that you’re genuinely interested, not just applying left and right.
• Address Any Gaps. If there are any employment gaps in your resume , your cover letter is a great place to mention why. Your resume doesn’t give you enough space to elaborate on an employment gap, so addressing it here can set hiring managers at ease—life happens, and employers understand.
• Avoid Quirky Emails. Your email address should be presentable. It’s hard for a hiring manager to take you seriously if your email address is “[email protected].” Just use a [email protected] format.
• Check Your Contact Information. Typos in your email address or phone number can mean a missed opportunity. Double-check these before sending your application.
• Mention if You Want to Relocate. If you’re looking for a job that lets you move somewhere else, specify this in your cover letter.
• Keep It Brief. You want to keep your cover letter short and sweet. Hiring managers don’t have time to read a novel, so if you go over one page, they simply won’t read it at all.
• Use a Professional Tone. Even though a conversational tone isn’t a bad thing, remember that it's still a formal document. Show professionalism in your cover letter by keeping slang, jargon, and emojis out of it.
• Proofread Carefully. Typos and grammar mistakes are a huge deal-breaker. Use a tool like Grammarly or QuillBot to double-check your spelling and grammar, or even get a friend to check it for you.

15+ Cover Letter Examples

Need some inspiration? Check out some perfect cover letter examples for different experience levels and various professions.

5+ Cover Letter Examples by Experience

#1. college student cover letter example.

Check out our full guide to writing a college student cover letter here.

#2. Middle Management Cover Letter Example

Check out our full guide to writing a project manager cover letter here.

#3. Team Leader Cover Letter Example

Check out our full guide to writing a team leader cover letter here.

#4. Career Change Cover Letter Example

Check out our full guide to a career change resume and cover letter here.

#5. Management Cover Letter Example

Check out our full guide to writing a management cover letter here.

#6. Senior Executive Cover Letter Example

Check out our full guide to writing an executive resume here.

9+ Cover Letter Examples by Profession

#1. it cover letter example.

Check out our full guide to writing an IT cover letter here.

#2. Consultant Cover Letter Example

Check out our full guide to writing a consultant cover letter here.

#3. Human Resources Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a human resources cover letter here.

#4. Business Cover Letter Example

Check out our full guide to writing a business cover letter here.

#5. Sales Cover Letter Example

Check out our full guide to writing a sales cover letter here.

#6. Social Worker Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a social worker cover letter here.

#7. Lawyer Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a lawyer cover letter here.

#8. Administrative Assistant Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing an administrative assistant cover letter here.

#9. Engineering Cover Letter Example

Check out our full guide to writing an engineer cover letter here.

#10. Receptionist Cover Letter Example

Check out our full guide to writing a receptionist cover letter here.

Need more inspiration? Check out these cover letter examples to learn what makes them stand out.

Plug & Play Cover Letter Template

Not sure how to start your cover letter? Don’t worry!

Just copy and paste our free cover letter template into the cover letter builder, and swap out the blanks for your details.

[Your Full Name]

[Your Profession]

[Your Phone Number]

[Your Email Address]

[Your Location]

[Your LinkedIn Profile URL (optional)]

[Your Personal Website URL (optional)]

[Recipient's Name, e.g., Jane Doe],

[Recipient's Position, e.g., Hiring Manager]

[Company Name, e.g., ABC Corporation]

[Company Address]

[City, State/Country]

Dear [Recipient's Name],

As a seasoned [Your Profession] with [Number of Years of Experience] years of industry experience, I am eager to express my interest in the [Job Title] position at [Company Name]. With my experience in [Your Industry/Sector] and the successes I've achieved throughout my education and career, I believe I can bring unique value and creativity to your team.

In my current role as [Your Current Job Title], I've taken the lead on more than [Number of Projects/Assignments] projects, some valued up to $[Highest Project Value]. I pride myself on consistently exceeding client expectations and have successfully [Mention a Key Achievement] in just a [Amount of Time] through [Skill] and [Skill].

I've collaborated with various professionals, such as [List Roles], ensuring that all [projects/tasks] meet [relevant standards or objectives]. This hands-on experience, coupled with my dedication to understanding each [client's/customer's] vision, has equipped me to navigate and deliver on complex projects.

My key strengths include:

• Improving [Achievement] by [%] over [Amount of Time] which resulted in [Quantified Result].
• Optimizing [Work Process/Responsibility] which saved [Previous Employer] [Amount of Time/Budget/Other Metric] over [Weeks/Months/Years]
• Spearheading team of [Number of People] to [Task] and achieving [Quantified Result].

Alongside this letter, I've attached my resume. My educational background, a [Your Degree] with a concentration in [Your Specialization], complements the practical skills that I'm particularly eager to share with [Company Name].

I'm excited about the possibility of contributing to [Something Notable About the Company or Its Mission]. I'd be grateful for the chance to delve deeper into how my expertise aligns with your needs.

Thank you for considering my application, and I look forward to hearing from you soon.

The Heart of Your Job Search - Creating a Killer Resume

Your cover letter is only as good as your resume. If either one is weak, your entire application falls through.

After all, your cover letter is meant to complement your resume. Imagine going through all this effort to leave an amazing first impression in your cover letter, only for the hiring manager to never read it because your resume was mediocre.

But don’t worry; we’ve got you covered here, too.

Check out our dedicated guide on how to make a resume and learn everything you need to know to land your dream job!

Just pick one of our resume templates and start writing your own job-winning resume.

Key Takeaways

Now that we’ve walked you through all the steps of writing a cover letter, let’s summarize everything we’ve learned:

• A cover letter is a 250 - 400 word document that’s meant to convince the hiring manager that you’re the best candidate for the job.
• Your job application should always include a cover letter alongside your resume.
• To grab the hiring manager’s attention, write a strong opening paragraph. Mention who you are, why you’re applying, and a standout achievement to pique their interest.
• Your cover letter should focus on why you’re the perfect candidate for the job and why you’re passionate about working in this specific company.
• Use the body of your cover letter to provide details on your skills, achievements, and qualifications, as well as make sure to convey your enthusiasm throughout your whole cover letter.
• Recap your key selling points towards the end of your cover letter, and end it with a formal closing line and your full name signed underneath.

At Novorésumé, we’re committed to helping you get the job you deserve every step of the way! 

Follow our career blog for more valuable advice, or check out some of our top guides, such as:

• How to Make a Resume in 2024 | Beginner's Guide
• How to Write a CV (Curriculum Vitae) in 2024 [31+ Examples]
• 35+ Job Interview Questions and Answers [Full List]

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Resources for Your Growing Business

How to write an invoice letter: a small business guide.

Small businesses need to be paid on time to maintain cash flow . It’s important to find ways to get paid faster. Entrepreneur recommends being clear about payment schedules and costs from the beginning. Good communication sets client expectations and helps get payments to you faster.

One way to do this is to include a winning invoice letter with your invoice. A good invoice letter sets a professional but friendly tone that establishes when payment is due and who to address with any questions.

The format of an invoice letter should be that of a standard business letter. In this article, we’ll walk you through the steps to write one.

Need an invoice template? FreshBooks has free downloadable invoice templates for small businesses to make invoicing even easier.

In this article, we’ll cover:

• What is an Invoice Letter?

How to Write a Invoice Letter

The timing and conditions for sending invoice letters, how to avoid late payments, what is an invoice letter.

An invoice letter or payment details letter is a financial letter stating the details of an invoice meant to encourage a client to pay. Invoice letters are sent with an invoice to explain the payment details and ask the recipient to complete the transaction within a clearly stated timeframe. Invoice letters are a popular communication used by many companies of all sizes in a wide range of situations.

Some companies choose to only send an invoice letter when a payment deadline is passed, while other companies always include the invoice letter to provide direct and upfront communication.

Take the frustration and extra work of your invoicing work. FreshBooks offers a variety of invoicing software , information,templates, and services to give you the confidence and tools you need.

Click here to get started.

1. Get a Template

To write an invoice letter for payment, you can use a blank document. Or you can download a business invoice letter template. MS Office has a simple free template for invoice letters you can download for Word. Invoice letter templates make creating invoice letters quick and easy.

Open whatever word processing software you prefer and open either your invoice letter template or create a new blank document.

FreshBooks offers a wide range of free invoice templates designed to take the guesswork out of billing and collections. Browse our selection and find the right templates for your needs to save time and energy.

2. Insert Your Address

Skip this step by printing your invoice on company letterhead or if you’ve plugged your address into an invoice letter template.

If you don’t have a letterhead, write your name or company name and your full address (street address, city, state, and zip code) at the top of the invoice letter. Align the text to the left.

Standard address format:

Street Address

City State Zip Code

For example:

Jenna Michaels

Hollywood Groomers

64 Sunnyside Road Ste 400

Beverly Hills CA 90201

This convention follows U.S. Postal Service guidelines . Please note there are no punctuation and one space between each word or number, except where there are two spaces between the state and zip code.

3. Add the Date

Add either the date the invoice was written or completed if you wrote the letter over a period of several days.

Use the American date format: month, day, year.

• For example, January 1, 2020.

Write the date one line below your address. If your address is left justified, the date should also be on the left. If you’re using letterhead, center the date, says the Purdue University Online Writing Lab .

4. Include the Recipient’s Address

Add the recipient’s address to the invoice letter below the date. Include the recipient’s name, title, company, and address. Make sure you include the street address, city, state, and zip code. It should be left justified and one line below the date.

It’s best to include a specific name here. Entrepreneur recommends that you double-check to whom you’re supposed to send your invoice. Doing this is especially critical at larger companies where you may need to send your invoice and invoice letter directly to the finance department or a third party hired to handle payments.

Contact your client to discuss who will be making the payment, who your invoice letter should be addressed to, and who, if anyone, you should copy on the invoice. Address the invoice letter to the primary person making the payment.

Personal Titles

When adding a contact name, you may wonder what title to use. Standard personal titles are Mr., Ms., Mrs., and Dr.

Women can be addressed as Miss, Mrs., or Ms. When in doubt, use Ms.

5. Add a Salutation

Now it’s time to open the invoice letter. Use the same name and personal title as included in the recipient’s address. Include a salutation under the recipient’s address.

If you know the recipient well, you can use their first name only. If not, use their title and last name. Add a colon at the end.

• Dear Ms. Smith:

Not sure of the recipient’s gender? It’s okay to include their full name instead, such as:

• Dear Anne Smith:

6. Write the Body of the Letter

Single-space your letter and left justify your paragraphs. You don’t need to use a first-line indent. Include a blank line between each paragraph.

In terms of the content, the writing should be as clear and concise as possible, with a direct focus on the payment details.

First, include a friendly opening. Here’s a sample:

• I hope that you’re well.

Then, get right to the point:

• Please find attached invoice [number] for [project name].
• Your order of [order details] has been shipped. Please find attached an invoice for these items.
• Please find attached an invoice for [insert amount].

Now add some payment details, such as:

• A reminder of my payment terms : payment is due on January 20, 2020. There’s a 5 percent discount if you submit payment in 15 days.
• Please send payment via check or direct deposit.
• Please note in our payment details we charge a late fee of 5 percent per week.

It’s best to list the right contact in case they have any questions:

• If you have any questions about your invoice, please contact [name] at [contact details].
• I’ll be back in the office next week if you have any questions or concerns.
• For project matters, please contact [name] at [contact details]. For billing concerns, please contact [name] at [contact details].

Now add a friendly line:

• Thank you for your business.
• It’s been a pleasure working with you.
• I look forward to continuing to work with you in the future.
• Please let me know if we can help you again in any way.
• We appreciate the opportunity to do business with you.

And finally:

• Please confirm that this invoice has been received.

7. Write the Closing

The closing of a winning invoice letter is one line after the last line of the body. Only the first word should be capitalized, and a comma should be added at the end. If a signature is being added, include four blank lines between the sign-off and your name.

8. Mention Attachments

Attachments, in this case, your invoice, are also called enclosures. Write “Enclosures” four lines below your closing. You can either simply add the number of attachments or list them by name.

• Enclosures: 3
• Enclosures: Invoice 001, Preliminary Drawings, 3D Model

Your invoice letter is now almost ready to go. Before sending it, be sure to proofread it thoroughly for spelling or grammar mistakes.

The timing and conditions for sending an invoice letter depend entirely on the reason it’s being sent. Some of the most common reasons for sending an invoice letter are:

Advance Payments

If your company expects an advance payment prior to services being completed, it’s a great time to send an invoice letter. A well-written letter clearly states the terms of the expectations surrounding a preliminary payment and minimizes financial risk . Companies often use advance payments for large orders or projects that require substantial upfront costs.

On Purchase

As soon as a customer purchases services or products from your company, you can send an invoice accompanied by a sales invoice letter. Invoice letters sent with initial invoices can induce quick payment, avoiding a complicated collection process down the line.

Project Milestones

If you’re working with a client who has contracted your company long-term, payments are typically made in installments or when certain milestones are achieved. Including an invoice letter with project-based invoices is a perfect opportunity to update the client on progress and maintain cash flow.

Late Payments

Invoice letters help address the uncomfortable process of requesting payments when a deadline has passed. When a client delays payment or refuses to pay, a professionally-written invoice letter to the recipient address reminds the client of the payment terms and creates a solid paper trail of communication.

Invoice letters written for late payments often mention the potential legal consequences of not honoring the payment in an effort to portray the importance of the payment collection.

Also Read: Strong Letter for Outstanding Payment Email

There are many ways to set the groundwork for avoiding late payments from the start of a client relationship. A clear and direct communication of payment expectations is the best place to start, including a detailed, proper invoice letter. Other methods for avoiding late payments include the following:

• Include a clear credit policy on all bills, invoices, and statements that communicates the payment terms and consequences of late payments.
• Make the payment process as easy as possible by providing multiple payment options and digital access to payment portals.
• Offer discounts for early payment to prompt clients into paying prior to the invoice due date.
• Create a staggered payment plan as long as it does not negatively impact your ability to provide the agreed-upon services or products. Many people are more likely to pay smaller amounts over an extended period of time rather than a large amount all at once.
• Create a reminder and follow-up schedule and stick to it for every transaction with all clients. Make sure each communication is polite and friendly while maintaining a direct message about the policies and terms of your payment agreements.

Creating professional invoice letters or payment detail letters is a great way to make payment details clear and concise for clients. With the added bonus of encouraging clients to pay their invoices ahead of their due date or on time, there’s a crucial step in payment processing for your small business. When creating your invoice letters, follow the guidelines, tips, and tricks in this article and elevate your client communication. Keep your language clear, direct, and friendly and you’ll make lasting client relationships without payment hassle or confusion.

People also ask:

How to Write a Cover Letter for an Invoice?

How to write an invoice email.

• What is the Purpose of an Invoice?

Is an invoice a legal document?

What are the rules of invoice.

A cover letter for an invoice is essentially an invoice letter. Follow the steps above to write a professional business invoice letter.

Here are some additional tips for writing a cover letter, according to the University of Wisconsin-Madison :

• It should be one page only
• Tailor your cover letter to the client. Address specific project details and timelines. Mention any further invoices to come.
• Avoid jargon. Use active voice and short sentences. Be clear. Convey respect for the client and use professionalism.
• Focus on the aim of your letter: to get paid. Include the reason for the invoice and the total due in the first paragraph of the body of the letter. Always include contact information so a client can address any concerns about the invoice immediately.
• Each paragraph of the body should be focused on a single point
• Proofread your work. Ask a trusted colleague or friend to do this.

Here’s how to write an email with an invoice attached. Emails are often much less formal than business letters, but they should still be professional and well-written.

Here’s an example:

Hi [insert client name],

Please find attached an invoice for [insert project name].

Thanks for your business. If you have any questions about your invoice, please contact [name] at [contact details].

[insert your name]

If you require additional email invoice templates and guidance on composing professional messages for payment requests, read our article titled How to Ask for Payment Professionally in a Message .

What is the purpose of an invoice?

An invoice is an itemized commercial document that records the products or services delivered to a customer, the total amount due, and the preferred invoice payment method . Its purpose is to communicate payment expectations is a clear and direct way to avoid hassle or confusion at the time of payment.

No. An invoice is no a legal document on its own. While invoicing is an important accounting practice for your business, invoices do not serve as a legally binding document between the business and its client.

Invoices need to include the business name and address, the client name and address, a unique invoice number, the date the invoice was created, and the payment terms and due date. They also need a description of services rendered. If you want to create accurate invoices, follow our guide on invoices for services rendered . This guide provides step-by-step instructions and examples to ensure your invoices are comprehensive and professional.

Jami Gong, MPAcc, CPA

About the author

Jami Gong is a Chartered Professional Account and Financial System Consultant. She holds a Masters Degree in Professional Accounting from the University of New South Wales. Her areas of expertise include accounting system and enterprise resource planning implementations, as well as accounting business process improvement and workflow design. Jami has collaborated with clients large and small in the technology, financial, and post-secondary fields.

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