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Disaster Management Essay

Essay on Disaster Management

Disaster Management is the arrangement and management of the resources following a disaster, be it natural or man-made. There are so many organizations who are dealing with various types of disastrous situations from the humanitarian aspect. Some disasters are just the consequences of human hazards and some are caused by natural calamity. However, we can prevent them by taking the necessary emergency measures to save and preserve lives. As natural disasters cannot be predicted, they can take place anywhere at any time. 

Vedantu has provided an essay on Disaster management on this page. Students who have received an assignment to write an essay on Disaster Management or preparing an essay for examination can refer to this page to understand the pattern. Any student or parent can directly visit Vedantu site or download the app on the phone to get access to the study materials.  

Disaster Management’ is the simple term of management which embraces loads of disaster-related activities. Disaster occurs frequently in some parts of the world. Japan is the best example of it. Japanese people are annoyed on Tsunamis and earthquakes. The local scene is not much different from the global one. No one could forget the cyclone in Orissa, Earthquake in Gujarat or even the Mumbai Terrorist Attack.

Natural and man-made are the two categories of the disaster. Natural disasters are those which occurred due to sudden changes in the environment or topography causing uncountable human as well as economic loss. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, floods and cloudbursts are few of the natural disasters. Manual intentional made disasters are man-made disasters. For example, Gas leakage, terrorist attacks, fire, oil spills. Man-made disasters are the result of human intentions or might be because of workmanship or technical errors. The count of man-made and natural disasters is rising rapidly.

Here are a few things which will help us to deal with earthquakes. The significant information about Natural calamities is predicted easier and is being shared within the public by the central bureau. Furthermore, earthquake-resistant structures are constructed considering, ‘Precaution is Better Than Cure’. Reflexes are made so strong that cover of solid platforms such as a table and chair should be taken as soon as the danger is sensible while the cover of trees, electric poles or buildings is avoided as far as possible. Keep in touch with local news during heavy rainy days. Any flood is preceded with significant time. Making proper use of divine buffer time for safety is advisable. Strategically planning of water reservoirs, land uses, tree plantation, rainwater harvesting techniques help us increase immunity power to fight against the drought. 

National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), American Red Cross, Federal Emergency Management Agency, International Association of Emergency Managers etc. are the best disaster management authorities. NDMA is a core body which obeys the law of Disaster Management. The reputed disaster managers are stuck in finding plans for rescuing from the loss of disaster. Moreover, to counteract the effect of disaster Rajya Sabha passed the ‘Disaster Management Act’ on 23 December 2005 which includes 11 chapters and 79 sections in it. Honourable Prime Minister of India Mr Narendra Modi holds the position of chairman of it. 

Youngsters should motivate themselves to learn and practice plenty of disaster management techniques and arrange the camps regarding it. Today, everyone is fighting against one of the breathtaking disasters named COVID-19 which is as big as fighting in world war. Avoiding the crowd, wearing the mask are the basic precautions suggested by the World Health Organization (WHO) during this period of fighting. This disease spreads mostly amongst the people who come in close contact with the infected one. So, it's suggested to keep a safe distance of around 3 meters within the others. This is being termed as ‘Social Distancing’. Nature is not cruel nor is it human. Just small management skills help us withstand before, in and after disasters. Uncountable suggestions and instructions in disaster management but few which apply every time must be followed.

Stages of Disaster Management

With proper implementation and structured action, we can prevent or lessen the impact of natural or man-made disasters. There are certain stages involving the cycle for disaster management plan which incorporates policies and emergency responses required for a prospectively complete recovery. The stages are –

The most preferred way to deal with disasters is to be proactive in their prevention rather than rushing later for their cure. This implies recognition of potential hazards and working towards infrastructure to mitigate their impact. This stage in the management cycle involves setting up permanent measures to minimize disaster risk.

Setting up an evacuation plan in a school, training the teachers to lead the students towards safe structures in the event of earthquake, tornado or fire, planning a strong base for high raised sky-scrapers to prepare for earthquakes and designing a city in such a manner that reduces the risk of flooding are some examples of measures takes for disaster prevention.

Mitigation is the first and the foremost attempt to save human lives during the time of disaster or their recovery from the aftermath. The measures which are taken can be both structural and non-structural.

Structural mitigation measures could include transforming the physical characteristics of a building or the surroundings to curb the effect, for example, clearing out of the trees around your house, ensuring that storms don’t knock down the trees and send them crashing into the house. Non-structural measures could include amending the building or locality codes to enhance safety and prevent disasters.

Preparedness

Preparedness is a process that involves a social community where the trained, or the head of the community, businesses and institutions demonstrate the plan of action which is supposed to be executed during the event of a disaster. It is an ongoing continuous process with anticipation of a calamity, which involves training, evaluating and taking corrective action with the highest level of alertness. Some examples of such prevention measures are fire drills, shooter drills and evacuation rehearsals.

The response is the action taken after the disaster has occurred to retrieve some life from it. It includes short-term and long-term responses. In ideal situations, the disaster-management leader will coordinate the use of resources in the restoration process and minimize the risk of further property damage.

During this stage, the area of the calamity is cleared if it poses any further threat to human as well as environmental life. For example, evacuation of the city of Chernobyl, Ukraine, is a responsive action against a disaster.

The fifth and last stage in the process of the disaster management plan is the recovery stage. This can sometimes take years or decades to happen. The larger mass of a city is also sometimes part of the recovery from a disaster. The greatest and the most infamous example of this is the Hiroshima and Nagasaki nuclear attacks on Japan, it took the people of those cities years and decades to recover from that man-made calamity.

It took years of effort to stabilize the area and restore essential community or individual functions. The recovery stage prioritizes the basic essential needs of human survival like food, drinkable water, utilities, transportation and healthcare over less-essential services. Eventually, this stage is all about coordinating with individuals, communities and businesses to help each other to restore a normal or a new normal, as in the case of Covid-19.

How to Act as a Responsible Person During a Time of Disaster?

Some people have more experience than others with managing natural or man-made disasters and their prevention of them. Although this is that subject of life which should be studied and implemented by every business or community. As it is said rightly, “prevention is better than cure”, and any organization or an individual or a community can be hit by a disaster sooner or later, whether it's something as minor as a prolonged power cut or a life-threatening hurricane or an earthquake. Usually, the pandemics train us, as a social and political community, to deal with natural calamities and compel the organizations responsible for it, to build an infrastructure for its prevention.

To act responsibly and pro-actively during the event of a disaster, we have got to be prepared and equipped as a nation, individually and as a social community. To be well-educated and read with the aspects of disaster management is to be responsible for the handling of it.

FAQs on Disaster Management Essay

1. What is Disaster Management?

In simpler words, disaster management can be defined as the arrangement of resources and precautions to deal with all humanitarian aspects during an emergency. Disasters are the consequences of natural or human hazards. Earthquakes, floods, volcanic eruptions, hurricanes are some of the deadliest natural disasters to name a few. Examples of man-made disasters are bomb blast, radiations, transport accidents, terrorist attacks etc.

2. What is the Main Aim of Disaster Management?

The main aim of disaster management is prevention, rescue and recovery from the trauma, and development.

3. How to Write an Essay on Disaster Management?

Disaster management refers to the response to an emergency situation to make it as normal as possible. While writing an essay on Disaster Management, you can start with an introduction, then go on with the definition, the types of disaster management, a little in-depth explanation along with examples, and finish it off with a conclusion. 

4. Can I Get a Sample Essay on Disaster Management from Vedantu?

Yes, the essay mentioned on this page is about Disaster Management. This essay has been written by the experts of Vedantu keeping the understanding ability of the students of each class. 

5. What are the career opportunities in the field of Disaster management?

People looking for career opportunities in the field of disaster management have many pathways to approach it. Some examples of the jobs relating to this line of work are crisis-management leader, disaster-assistance specialist and emergency-planning coordinator. These are the roles which call for varying levels of responsibility in preparing a city or a company for catastrophic events. The job roles can be approached with earning a master’s degree in emergency and crisis management.

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Essay on Disaster Management

• Updated on  
• May 10, 2023

Disaster Management has been essentially included in the study curriculums of secondary education. Whether it is natural or man-made, disasters can wreak havoc on our surroundings and cost human lives as well. To familiarise students with efficiently preventing and ensuring the safety of living beings and our environment from unprecedented events, the study of Disaster Management has been included as an important part of the Geography class 10 syllabus. This blog aims to focus on imparting how you can draft a well-written essay on Disaster Management.

This Blog Includes:

What is disaster management, essay on disaster management: tips & tricks, sample format for essay on disaster management in 150 words, sample essay of disaster management (150 words), sample essay on disaster management (300 words) , sample essay on disaster management (500 words), essay on disaster management for class 9 onwards, essay on disaster management in india.

To begin with your essay on Disaster Management, the most important thing is to comprehend this concept as well as what it aims to facilitate. In simple terms, Disaster Management is termed as the management and utilisation of resources as well as responsibilities to tackle different emergencies, be it man-made disasters or natural ones. It concentrates on preparing human beings for a varied range of calamities and helping them respond in a better way as well as ensure recovery thus lessening their overall impact. 

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Before drafting your essay on Disaster Management, another thing you need to ensure is familiarising yourself with the structure of essay writing. To help you understand the do’s and don’ts, we have listed down some of the major things you need to keep in mind.

• Research thoroughly about your topic. For example, while writing an essay on Disaster Management, explore the recent happenings and mention them to provide the reader with a view into your understanding of this concept.
• Create important pointers while researching that you can further incorporate into your essay.
• Don’t mug up the definitions but comprehend them through examples.
• Use transitions between paragraphs to keep a coherent flow for the reader as a long paragraph might seem too lengthy and segregating your introduction and conclusion can provide a better structure.
• Quote important examples not only in your introduction but also in the following paragraphs where you detail the given topic.
• Revise and add finishing touches once you have completed the essay to locate any grammatical errors as well as other mistakes.

Now that you are aware of the key elements of writing an essay on Disaster Management, take a look at the format of essay writing first:

Introduction (30-40 words)

Begin with defining your topic explained in simple terms. For Disaster Management, You can make it more interesting by adding a question or a recent instance. The introduction should be understandable aiming to become more specific in the subsequent paragraphs.

Related Article: Geography for UPSC Preparation

Body of Content (80 words)

Also termed as the thesis statement , the content after the introduction should explain your given topic in detail. It should contain the maximum content out of the whole format because it needs to be detailed. For Disaster Management, you can delve deeper into its process, how it is carried out for different situations as well as prevention and protection.

Conclusion (30-40 words)

This section should mainly wrap up what you have described in the above paragraphs. For an essay on Disaster Management, you can focus on summing it up by writing its aim, types and purposes briefly.

Disaster can be simply termed as a sudden incident or happening which can be either natural or man-made and can potentially cause damage to the surroundings or loss of human life. To facilitate preparedness and better responsiveness to unforeseen events which can harm human beings and the environment, Disaster Management came into the picture.

Disaster Management aims to lessen the impact of natural and man-made calamities by designing and planning efficient ways to tackle them. It centrally comprises ensuring better control of the situation, its immediate evaluation, calling up required medical aids and transports, supplying drinking and food sources, among others and during this whole process, protecting the surroundings from more harm and keeping the lawfulness. The importance of Disaster Management has further increased in the contemporary scenario with the prevalent climate change and some of its latest examples include the unprecedented Australian wildfires.

Thus, the planet is getting bogged down by infinite technological devices, and their possible effects on the climate and the environment are inescapable. This has led to Disaster Management becoming the need of the hour as every country is aiming to become efficient and prepared to face both natural and man-made calamities.

Since the dawn of time, disasters, whether natural or man-made, have been a part of man’s evolution. Tsunamis, cyclones, earthquakes, floods, accidents, plane crashes, forest fires, chemical disasters, and other natural disasters frequently strike without notice, leading to massive loss of life and property. Disaster management refers to the strategies and actions put in place to lessen and prevent the effects of a disaster.

The word “disaster management” refers to all aspects of catastrophe mitigation, including preventive and protective measures, preparedness, and relief activities. The disaster management process can be separated into two phases: pre-disaster planning and post-disaster recovery. This encompasses measures such as prevention, mitigation, and preparedness aimed at minimising human and property losses as a result of a possible danger.

The second category is activity post-disaster recovery in which response, rehabilitation, and reconstruction are all included. Search and rescue evacuation, meeting the victims’ basic needs, and rapid medical support from regional, national, and international authorities were all part of the response phase. The immediate purpose of the recovery phase is to restore some degree of normalcy to the afflicted areas. In resource-scarce countries, ex-ante risk mitigation investment in development planning is critical for decreasing disaster damage. It would be prudent to go from a risk-blind to a risk-informed investment decision.

We cannot prevent disasters, but we can reduce their severity and arm ourselves with knowledge so that too many lives are spared.

Introduction: 

The globe is plagued with disasters, some of which are terrible and others that are controllable. Natural calamities, for example, are sudden occurrences that wreak significant devastation to lives and property. Disasters can occur either naturally or are man-made. To repair the damage caused by these disasters, emergency management is required. Through a disaster management procedure, the damage is contained and the hazards of the event are controlled. The procedure is aimed at averting disasters and reducing the effects of those that are unavoidable. Floods, droughts, landslides, and earthquakes are all threats to India. The Indian government’s disaster management measures have vastly improved over time.

The Process of Disaster Management: 

The disaster management process is split into four stages. The first phase is mitigation, which involves reducing the likelihood of a disaster or its negative consequences. Public education on the nature of the calamity and how people may prepare to protect themselves, as well as structural construction projects, are among the actions. These projects are intended at reducing the number of people killed and property destroyed in the event of a disaster.

Preparedness is the second phase of disaster management, and it aims to improve government-led preparedness to deal with emergencies. The majority of the preparations are aimed toward life-saving activities. Plan writing, communication system development, public education, and drills are all part of the preparation process. The disaster management team implements measures to keep people alive and limit the number of people affected in the third phase, reaction. Transport, shelter, and food are provided to the afflicted population as part of the response. Repairs are being made, and temporary solutions, such as temporary housing for the impacted population, are being sought.

Recovery is the ultimate stage of disaster management. This normally happens after the tragedy has subsided and the harm has been done. During the recovery process, the team works to restore people’s livelihoods and infrastructure. Short-term or long-term recovery is possible. The goal is to return the affected population to a normal or better way of life. During public education, the importance of health safety is highlighted. The recovery phase allows catastrophe management to move forward with long-term solutions.

Disaster Management Challenges:

The management of disasters is a difficult task, and there are certain flaws to be found. Since the individual dangers and disasters in some countries are not well understood, the government is unable to deploy disaster management in the event of an unforeseen disaster. There’s also the issue of a country’s technical and framework capabilities being insufficient. Government support is required for disaster management frameworks. Due to the generally large population, the disaster management approach includes public education, but there is no psychological counselling for individuals. People are more likely to develop post-traumatic stress disorder and psychiatric illnesses.

Conclusion:

Disaster management is a very important activity that countries should embrace to prevent disasters and lessen the negative consequences of disasters. However, disaster management has limitations that restrict the techniques’ ability to be implemented successfully.

Disasters can cause chaos, mass death of humans and animals, and a rise in crime rates. Disasters are unfavourable events that cause widespread anxiety and terror. They also make it difficult for society to respond to its causes.

Natural or man-made disasters can emerge. In both circumstances, they have the potential to cause significant loss of life and property. A combination of man-made and natural disasters can occur in severe circumstances. For example, violent conflicts and food scarcity. As a result, disaster management is required to limit or prevent massive loss and damage.

Disaster management includes disaster avoidance, disaster awareness, and disaster planning. These ideas will be discussed further down.

Prevention of Disaster: 

Countries all across the world have taken precautions to prevent diseases or viruses from spreading. These initiatives include the funding of research into natural disaster aversion. Other sources of revenue include food distribution, healthcare services, and so on. In Africa and the Middle East, the latter is commonly used in economically challenged areas.

Improved scientific research has also made it feasible to predict potential natural disasters. For example, equipment to detect earthquakes and tsunamis has been developed. As a result, more people are concerned about the environment. In this sense, consciousness translates to a reduction in all forms of pollution in the environment.

Disaster Awareness :

Another strategy to minimise the excesses of widespread epidemics is to raise disaster awareness. Members of the public must be made aware of the importance of maintaining peace, de-escalating dangerous circumstances, and prioritising safety in the face of any possible tragedy.

The goal of disaster management is to reduce human death and suffering. The impact of disasters can be reduced if all of these factors are successfully managed. As a result, the necessity of disaster management cannot be emphasised.

The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) is the main agency charged with establishing rules and guidelines for disaster management in order to ensure prompt and effective disaster response. There is also a separate fund for mitigation called the “national disaster management fund” (NDMF). Functions performed by this agency are:

• Administration
• Formation of policies for disaster management
• Approval of the strategies made up for disaster mitigation
• Formation of revenue or funds for disaster mitigation
• Managing multiple programmes and disseminating instructions.

The disaster has had both direct and indirect repercussions on human life, both of which have been deadly devastating and detrimental. There have been fatalities as well as stock losses. Natural disasters are unavoidable; even if we have mechanisms in place to predict or forecast them, we cannot prevent them from occurring. While preparing plans for our disaster management, the best that can be done is to prevent behaviours that are detrimental to the environment and lead to environmental deterioration. When a disaster strikes, it causes widespread devastation and loss of life. In the event of a disaster such as earthquakes, floods, or other natural disasters, a large number of people are displaced, and a large number of people die as a result of the disaster. This is when the true emergency begins by providing first aid to the injured, as well as rescue and relief efforts for the victims. To limit the risk of human life, everyone must participate actively in disaster management. When a crisis happens, the appropriate disaster management team can seize over as soon as possible.

Also Read: Career in Ecology and Environment

The 4 phases of disaster management are Mitigation, Preparedness, Response, and Recovery. 

The 3 types of disasters are natural, man-made, and hybrid disasters.

On 23 December 2005, the Government of India enacted the Disaster Management Act

Hence, we hope that this blog has helped you understand the key steps to writing a scoring essay on Disaster Management. If you are at the conclusion of the 10th grade and confused about which stream to take in the next standard, reach out to our Leverage Edu expert and we’ll guide you in choosing the right stream of study as well as gain clarity about your interests and aspirations so that you take an informed step towards a rewarding career.

Sonal is a creative, enthusiastic writer and editor who has worked extensively for the Study Abroad domain. She splits her time between shooting fun insta reels and learning new tools for content marketing. If she is missing from her desk, you can find her with a group of people cracking silly jokes or petting neighbourhood dogs.

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Essay on Disaster Management

Students are often asked to write an essay on Disaster Management in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Disaster Management

Understanding disaster management.

Disaster management is the process of preparing for, responding to, and recovering from disasters. It’s like a game plan to handle emergencies.

The Importance of Disaster Management

Disaster management is important because it helps to reduce the impact of disasters. It saves lives and protects property.

Steps in Disaster Management

There are four steps: mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. Mitigation and preparedness happen before a disaster, while response and recovery happen after.

Role of Everyone

Everyone has a role in disaster management. We should all be prepared and know what to do in case of a disaster.

250 Words Essay on Disaster Management

Introduction.

Disaster management refers to the organization and management of resources for dealing with all aspects of emergencies, particularly when they have catastrophic consequences. Its primary aim is to minimize the harmful effects of disasters on humanity and the environment.

The Cycle of Disaster Management

Disaster management operates in a cycle, encompassing four phases: mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. Mitigation attempts to prevent hazards from developing into disasters or reduce the effects of disasters. Preparedness involves developing plans and systems to respond effectively when disasters occur. Response is the immediate reaction to a disaster, while recovery aims to restore the affected area to its previous state.

Importance of Disaster Management

Disaster management is crucial in ensuring a systematic response to natural or man-made disasters. It helps in saving lives, reducing economic losses, and maintaining societal functions. Furthermore, it aids in building resilient communities that can withstand and recover from disasters.

Challenges in Disaster Management

Despite its importance, disaster management faces several challenges, such as inadequate funding, lack of public awareness, and coordination issues among different agencies. Achieving effective disaster management requires overcoming these obstacles through increased funding, public education, and improved inter-agency coordination.

In a world where disasters are becoming increasingly frequent and severe due to climate change and other factors, effective disaster management is more important than ever. By understanding and addressing the challenges in this field, we can build a safer, more resilient world for future generations.

500 Words Essay on Disaster Management

Introduction to disaster management.

Disasters, whether natural or man-made, have the potential to alter the course of life, causing extensive damage to life, property, and the environment. Effective disaster management strategies can significantly reduce the negative impacts of such events. For instance, they can minimize loss of life, ensure faster recovery, and safeguard the socio-economic fabric of the community.

Phases of Disaster Management

Disaster management can be divided into four critical phases: mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery.

Preparedness

This phase involves the provision of emergency services and public assistance during or immediately following a disaster. The main aim is to reduce the impact of the disaster and facilitate recovery operations.

Role of Technology in Disaster Management

Effective disaster management is a collective and coordinated effort that involves various stakeholders, including government agencies, non-governmental organizations, communities, and individuals. It requires a proactive approach that focuses not only on responding to disasters but also on preventing and mitigating their effects. By incorporating advanced technologies and fostering community participation, we can improve our resilience to disasters and ensure a safer and more secure future.

That’s it! I hope the essay helped you.

Apart from these, you can look at all the essays by clicking here .

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• Paragraph Writing
• Paragraph On Disaster Management

Paragraph on Disaster Management - Samples for Various Word Limits

Nature is a great gift to humanity. The beauty of nature cannot be explained in words. Due to the increasing human threats, the balance and beauty of nature are declining, resulting in various disasters like earthquakes, droughts, volcanos, etc. To save nature from destruction, the concept of disaster management has been introduced to people. Learn how to write a paragraph on disaster management by reading through the sample paragraphs given in the article.

Table of Contents

Paragraph on disaster management in 100 words, paragraph on disaster management in 150 words, paragraph on disaster management in 200 words, paragraph on disaster management in 250 words, frequently asked questions on disaster management paragraph.

Disaster management is the organisation and use of resources to respond to such emergencies needed during the time of disasters to save lives. India is prone to various types of disasters due to its geographical conditions. Some of the major natural disasters in India are cyclones, floods, droughts, landslides, earthquakes, storms, etc. Each year, some part of the country faces a disaster, and the government takes necessary actions for the same. These disasters cause economic crises and loss of human lives. They also cause damage to a number of public and private properties resulting in hunger, unemployment, loss of lives, etc.

Disaster management is defined as the organisation and use of resources as well as duties in order to respond to various emergency circumstances, whether they are man-made or natural disasters. It focuses on preparing people for a wide range of disasters and assisting them in responding more effectively, as well as ensuring recovery and reducing the total damage. Each year the world faces a number of disasters which brings in many kinds of crises and loss of human lives. Some of the major disasters in India are the 1999 super cyclone in Odisha, the 2001 Bhuj Earthquake and the 2004 Tsunami. Whenever the country goes through such disasters, the government takes necessary actions. Disaster management forums structure and plan different methods to reduce the impact of these disasters and various ways to tackle such emergencies so that lives can be saved.

Since the very beginning of time, both man-made and natural disasters have been a part of man’s evolution. Tsunamis, cyclones, earthquakes, floods, accidents, plane crashes, forest fires, chemical disasters, and other natural disasters frequently strike without warning, resulting in widespread death and property loss. The strategies and actions implemented to repair the damage and prevent the effects of a disaster are referred to as disaster management. Disaster management focuses on reducing the impact of both natural and human-made disasters by preparing effective responses. It also includes ensuring better management of the situation, its quick appraisal, supply of necessary medical necessities and transports, supply of drinking water and food, preserving the environment from further harm and maintaining legality throughout the process. With climate change, the need for disaster management has grown even more, some of the most recent examples being the historic Australian wildfires. As a result, the earth is being dragged down by thoughtless human intervention, which has unavoidable consequences for the climate and ecology. Every country now strives to become more efficient at dealing with disasters and averting them whenever possible. Therefore, disaster management has become a necessity in the modern world.

The world is beset with calamities, some of which are catastrophic. The sad fact is that most of them are preventable. Natural calamities, for example, are unpredictable events that cause enormous damage to people and property. Natural and man-made disasters are both possible. It is essential to remediate the damage caused by these disasters. Disaster management helps in controlling and reducing the damages caused by such disasters. The technique aims to prevent disasters and mitigate the consequences of those that cannot be avoided. Some of the major disasters that have affected India are the 1999 super cyclone in Odisha, the 2001 Bhuj Earthquake, the 2004 Tsunami, etc. With time, the government has improved its disaster management methods and has saved the country from huge losses. The process of disaster management can be divided into two phases: pre-disaster planning and post-disaster recovery. This includes measures such as prevention, reduction, and planning designed to minimise the loss of lives and property as a result of a possible hazard. The second group of activities is post-disaster recovery, which comprises rescue, rehabilitation, and reconstruction. Search and rescue operations, supply of basic necessities, and prompt medical help from various authorities (like regional, national and international) are all part of the response phase. The immediate goal of the recovery phase is to return the affected areas to normalcy. It is impossible to prevent all disasters, but we can always limit the severity and empower ourselves with knowledge about management so that we can save many lives.

Why is disaster management important for the people?

Disaster management is important for people and the government to prevent the nation from the hazardous consequences of the disaster, which can be either man-made or natural. In order to reduce the effects of disasters and save numerous lives, it is essential to be aware of disaster management.

What is meant by disaster management?

Disaster management refers to the emergency remedies taken to reduce the effects of natural and man-made disasters.

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Geography Notes

Essay on disaster management: top 11 essays | geography.

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Here is a compilation of essays on ‘Disaster Management’ for class 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12. Find paragraphs, long and short essays ‘Disaster Management’ especially written for school and college students.

Essay on Disaster Management

Essay Contents:

• Essay on the Awareness Programmes for Disaster Management

Essay # 1. Introduction to Disaster Management:

India has been traditionally vulnerable to natural disasters on account of its unique geo- climatic conditions. Floods, droughts, cyclones, earthquakes and landslides have been recurrent phenomena. About 60% of the landmass is prone to earthquakes of various intensities; over 40 million hectares is prone to floods; about 8% of the total area is prone to cyclones and 68% of the area is susceptible to drought.

In the decade 1990-2000, an average of about 4344 people lost their lives and about 30 million people were affected by disasters every year. The loss in terms of private, community and public assets has been astronomical. At the global level, there has been considerable concern over natural disasters.

Even as scientific and material progress is made, the loss of lives and property due to disasters has not decision. In fact, the human toll and economic losses have mounted. It was in this background that the Nations General Assembly, in 1989, declared the decade 1990-2000 as the International Natural Disaster Reduction with the objective to reduce loss of lives and property and restrict economic damage through concerted international action, especially in developing countries.

Over the past couple of years, the Government of India has brought about a paradigm shift in approach to disaster management. The new approach proceeds from the conviction that develop cannot be sustainable unless disaster mitigation is built into the development process. Another stone of the approach is that mitigation has to be multi-disciplinary spanning across all sectors.

The new policy also emanates from the belief that investments in mitigation are much cost effective than expenditure on relief and rehabilitation. Disaster management occupies an important place in this country’s policy framework as it is poor and the under­privileged who are worst affected on account of calamities/disasters.

The steps being taken by the Government emanate from the approach outlined above. The app: has been translated into a National Disaster Framework [a roadmap] covering institutional mechanic; disaster prevention strategy, early warning system, disaster mitigation, preparedness and response human resource development.

The expected inputs, areas of intervention and agencies to be in at the national, state and district levels have been identified and listed in the roadmap. This road has been shared with all the State Governments and Union Territory Administrations.

Ministries Departments of Government of India, and the State Governments/UT Administrations have been develop their respective roadmaps taking the national roadmap as a broad guideline. There is, therefore: now a common strategy underpinning the action being taken by the entire participating organisation stakeholders.

The approach is being put into effect through:

1. Institutional changes

2. Enunciation of policy

3. Legal and techno-legal framework

4. Mainstreaming Mitigation into development process

5. Funding mechanism

6. Specific schemes addressing mitigation

7. Preparedness measures

8. Capacity building

9. Human resource development and, above all, community participation.

In India, the role of emergency management falls to National Disaster Management of India, a government agency subordinate to the Ministry of Home Affairs. In recent years, there has been a shift in emphasis, from response and recovery to strategic risk management and reduction, and from a government-centered approach to decentralized community participation.

Survey of India, an agency within the Ministry of Science and Technology, is also playing a role in this field, through bringing the academic knowledge and research expertise of earth scientists to the emergency management process.

Essay # 2. Meaning of Disaster Management:

Disaster management means a systematic response to a disaster. Earlier the approach to disaster was relief centric and was limited to providing relief to the disaster affected area. For the first time, the Tenth Five Year Plan devoted a chapter to disaster management. The approach subsequently changed and pre-empting the disaster, assessing disaster risk and taking preventive measures has also become a part of disaster management.

The Disaster Management Act was notified on 26th December, 2005 which defines disaster management as “a continuous and integrated process of planning, organising, coordinating and implementing measures which are necessary or expedient for-prevention of danger or threat of any disaster; mitigation or reduction of risk of any disaster or its severity or consequences; capacity building; preparedness to deal with any disaster; prompt response to any threatening disaster situation or disaster; assessing the severity of magnitude of effects of any disaster; evacuation, rescue and relief; and rehabilitation and reconstruction.”

The Act provided for a dedicated and institutionalized framework to coordinate various aspects of disaster management. A National Policy on Disaster Management, which provided detailed guidelines on disaster management, was announced in 2009.

Essay # 3. Institutions of Disaster Management:

The Disaster Management Act 2005 has provided the legal and institutional framework for disaster management in India at the national, state and district levels. In the federal policy of India the primary responsibility of disaster management vests with the State Governments.

The Central Government lays down policies and guidelines and provides technical, financial and logistic support while the district administration carries out most of the operations in collaboration with central and state level agencies.

In the Central Government there are existing institutions and mechanisms for disaster management while new dedicated institutions have been created under the Disaster Management Act of 2005.

The Cabinet Committee on Management of Natural Calamities (CCMNC) oversees all aspects relating to the management of natural calamities including assessment of the situation and identification of measures and programmes considered necessary to reduce its impact, monitor and suggest long term measures for prevention of such calamities, formulate and recommend programmes for public awareness for building up society’s resilience to them. The Cabinet Committee on Security (CCS) deals with the matters relating to nuclear, biological and chemical emergencies.

The National Crisis Management Committee (NCMC) under the Cabinet Secretary oversees the Command, Control and Coordination of the disaster response. The Disaster Management Act, 2005 has created new institutions at the national, state, district and local levels.

The new institutional framework for disaster management in the country is as under:

The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) under the Chairmanship of the Prime Minister is the apex body responsible for laying down policies, plans and guidelines for disaster management and for coordinating their enforcement and implementation throughout the country.

The policies and guidelines will assist the Central Ministries, State Governments and district administration to formulate their respective plans and programmes. NDMA has the power to approve the National Plans and the Plans of the respective Ministries and Departments of Government of India. The general superintendence, direction and control of National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) are vested in and will be exercised by the NDMA.

The National Executive Committee (NEC) is mandated to assist the NDMA in the discharge of its functions and further ensure compliance of the directions issued by the Central Government. The NEC comprises of the Union Home Secretary as the Chairperson, and the Secretaries to the GOI in the Ministries/Departments of Agriculture, Atomic Energy, Defence, Drinking Water Supply, Environment and Forests, Finance (Expenditure), Health, Power, Rural Development, Science and Technology, Space, Telecommunications, Urban Development, Water Resources and the Chief of the Integrated Defence Staff of the Chiefs of Staff Committee as members.

Secretaries in the Ministry of External Affairs, Earth Sciences, Human Resource Development, Mines, Shipping, Road Transport and Highways and Secretary, NDMA are special invitees to the meetings of the NEC. The National Executive Committee is responsible to prepare the National Plan and coordinate and monitor the implementation of the National Policy and the guidelines issued by NDMA.

The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) in the Central Government has the overall responsibility for disaster management in the country.

For a few specific types of disasters the concerned Ministries have the nodal responsibilities for management of the disasters, as under:

The National Institute of Disaster Management (NIDM) has the mandate for human resource development and capacity building for disaster management within the broad policies and guidelines laid down by the NDMA. NIDM is required to design, develop and implement training programmes, undertake research, formulate and implement a comprehensive human resource development plan, provide assistance in national policy formulation, assist other research and training institutes, state governments and other organizations for successfully discharging their responsibilities, develop educational materials for dissemination and promote awareness among stakeholders in addition to undertake any other function as assigned to it by the Central Government.

The National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) is the specialized force for disaster response which works under the overall supervision and control of the NDMA.

At the State Level the State Disaster Management Authority (SDMA), headed by the Chief Minister, lays down policies and plans for disaster management in the state. It is also responsible to coordinate the implementation of the State Plan, recommend provision of funds for mitigation and preparedness measures and review the developmental plans of the different departments of the state to ensure integration of prevention, preparedness and mitigation measures.

The State Disaster Management Department (DMD) which is mostly positioned in the Revenue and Relief Department is the nodal authority.

In the district level the District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA) is headed by the District Magistrate, with the elected representative of the local authority as the Co-Chairperson. DDMA is the planning, coordinating and implementing body for disaster management at district level. It will, inter alia prepare the District Disaster Management Plan and monitor the implementation of the National and State Policies and the National, State and the District Plans.

DDMA will also ensure that the guidelines for prevention, mitigation, preparedness and response measures laid down by the NDMA and the SDMA are followed by all departments of the State Government at the district level and the local authorities in the district.

The Local Authorities both the rural local self-governing institutions (Panchayati Raj Institutions) and urban local bodies (Municipalities, Cantonment Boards and Town Planning Authorities) These bodies will ensure capacity building of their officers and employees for managing disasters, carry out relief, rehabilitation and reconstruction activities in the affected areas and will prepare DM Plans in consonance with guidelines of the NDMA, SDMAs and DDMAs.

Disaster Management Act (2005):

The Disaster Management Act, 2005 came into the statute book on 26 December, 2005 by a Gazette notification, exactly on the first anniversary of the devastating tsunami of 2004, which killed nearly 13,000 people in India alone and affected 18 million people. The Act provides a legal and institutional framework for “the effective management of disasters and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.”

It provides for establishment of National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), State Disaster Management Authority (SDMA) and District Disaster Management Authorities (DDMA) at the National, State and District levels with adequate financial and administrative powers and creation of the National Institute of Disaster Management (NIDM) with the mandate of undertaking training and capacity building, Develop Training Modules on various aspects of disaster management, Undertake Research and Documentation, Formulate and implement comprehensive HRD Plan covering all aspects of DM, Provide assistance in national level policy formulation and Provide assistance to state governments and State Training Institutions.

The act also provides guidelines for creation of National Disaster Response Fund, National Mitigation Fund, Establishment of funds by State Government and Allocation of funds by Ministries and Departments for Emergency Procurement. The act also provides for establishment of National Disaster Response Force (NDRF).

National Policy on Disaster Management in 2009 :

The National Policy on Disaster Management was approved by the Government in November 2009. This comprehensive policy document lays down policies on every aspect of holistic management of disasters in the country.

The policy has thirteen chapters as under:

1. Preamble

2. Approach and Objectives

3. Institutional and Legal Arrangements

4. Financial Arrangements

5. Disaster Prevention, Mitigation and Preparedness

6. Techno-Legal Regime

7. Response

8. Relief and Rehabilitation

9. Reconstruction and recovery

10. Capacity development

11. Knowledge management

12. Research and development

13. Road ahead

Salient Features of India’s National Policy on Disaster Management:

India’s National Policy on Disaster Management was approved by the Union Cabinet of India on 22nd October, 2009 with the aim to minimize the losses to lives, livelihoods and property, caused by natural or manmade disasters with a vision to build a safe and disaster resilient India by developing a holistic, proactive, integrated, Multi-disaster oriented and technology driven strategy.

With this national policy in place in India, a holistic and integrated approach will be evolved towards disaster management with emphasis on building strategic partnerships at various levels. The themes underpinning the policy include Community based Disaster Management, Capacity development in all spheres, Consolidation of past initiatives and best practices and Cooperation with agencies at national and international levels with multi-sectoral synergy.

The Policy is also intended to promote a culture of prevention, preparedness and resilience at all levels through knowledge, innovation and education. It encourages mitigation measures based on environmental sustainability. It seeks to mainstream disaster management into the developmental planning process and provides for institutional and financial arrangements at national, state, and district-levels for Disaster Prevention, Mitigation, Preparedness and Response as it ensures adequate budgeting for disaster mitigation activities in all Ministries and Departments.

I. State Policies on Disaster Management:

The States of Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Kerala have formulated State Disaster Management Policies. Tamil Nadu, Chattisgarh, Uttrakhand, Meghalaya, Bihar, Rajasthan, Delhi, Orissa and West Bengal have prepared draft policies.

II. State Relief Codes/DM Codes:

Many States have manuals and codes for management of drought, floods etc. Now many states are in the process of changing their State Relief codes into Disaster Management Manuals.

Essay # 4. Disaster Management Cycle:

Earthquakes, landslides, floods, hurricanes, famines typhoons, and other disasters affect millions of people and cause a lot of financial loss to the nation every year. Many of these events are impossible to predict precisely, but with the disaster response community has a variety of tools that can employ to reduce thereafter effects.

The community understands these tools as arrayed across a “disaster management cycle” that includes work from prevention efforts all the way through long-term recovery and “building back better.”

The disaster management cycle includes several phases:

1. Mitigation:

Disaster mitigation work involves directly preventing future emergencies and/or minimizing their negative effects. It requires hazard risk analysis and the application of strategies to reduce the likelihood that hazards will become disasters, such as flood-proofing homes or buying insurance.

2. Preparedness:

Disaster preparedness efforts include plans or preparations made in advance of an emergency that help individuals and communities get ready. Such preparations might include the stocking of food and water, medicine, or the gathering and screening of willing volunteers.

3. Response:

Disaster response work includes any actions taken in the midst of or immediately following an emergency, including efforts to save lives and to prevent further property damage. Ideally, disaster response involves putting already established disaster preparedness plans into motion. Typically, this phase of the disaster life cycle draws the most attention.

4. Recovery:

Disaster recovery happens after damages have been assessed, and involves actions to return the affected community to its pre-disaster state or better-and ideally to make it less vulnerable to future risk. Risk identification includes understanding the nature of hazards as well as understanding the nature of vulnerabilities. Subsequent efforts may range from physical upgrades to education, training, and public awareness campaigns.

Essay # 5. Plan Preparation for Disaster Management:

Programme staff has selected 100 villagers (including women) who will be given intensive disaster management training. This will include preparation for post-earthquake, cyclone and fire situations. The objective of the programme is to help build up, within a short period of time, a mechanism that can respond to natural calamities and help save lives.

Results of the training should include better coordination with relief and rescue efforts of the government and humanitarian agencies so as to avoid the common mismanagement that often hampers relief operations following natural disasters.

By prioritising measures for vulnerability reduction in a transparent, accountable and inclusive way, the programme aims to shape future disaster response and related development projects in other areas of Gujarat, as well as in other drought prone states.

Disaster Contingency Plan Preparation :

A good disaster contingency plan consists of organizing resources, assessing risks, developing a plan, implementing the plan and monitoring it. The plan is a constantly changing document. The plan needs to be flexible because communities and resources change over time.

The goal of the plan is to reduce or eliminate the loss of life. The plan strives to do the same for property damage resulting from natural hazards. Understand that your plan might be different for different types of emergencies.

You would respond differently to a house fire than you would a state emergency for disaster:

1. Organize your resources. Take an inventory of resources that would be needed and available in the event of various emergencies. Resources can be other people as well as organizations. Create an emergency list of contacts. Be sure to include area codes, especially if you have younger children. Create an inventory of household items and family assets. Keep it in a water and fire-proof safe.

2. Assess your risks. Determine the potential problems in your household and in your community. Include tornadoes or wind storms in your plan if you live in an area prone to these meteorological events.

3. Develop a plan and set priorities. Make an evacuation map of your house. Include each room and possible escape routes from each room. Consider where your family would meet if a disaster happened while your children were at school and you were at work. Learn how to turn off your utilities. Include your pets in your planning.

4. Implement the plan and monitor its progress. Hold regular drills at home. Make sure everyone knows where to go and what to do in an emergency.

5. Make an emergency kit. Include blankets, food and snacks high in protein, water, a flashlight and batteries. The Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency also recommends a first aid kit, extra clothes, a tool kit, duct tape, a towline, a utility knife, and extra medication if applicable.

Disaster Management Plan Preparation :

The preparation of plans must fulfill the statutory requirements as laid down in the Disaster Management Act and must ensure that efforts have been made by the department to fulfill statutory duties-failure of which invites stringent liabilities including criminal proceedings by the law of the State.

This planning exercise is an effort made to mainstream all issues concerned with emergency preparedness, response and mitigation/risk reduction activities.

The department should include the following components in the department plan:

1. Planning on emergency response at all levels.

2. Planning on providing relief and recovery support (post-disaster).

3. Planning on prevention and mitigation issues (including mainstreaming mitigation into the development)

4. Programmes supported by schemes financed by the state government (multilateral bilateral and donor institutions).

5. Planning for resources such as financial and human resource to fulfill the above three components.

The roles and responsibilities (in fulfilling the above four components) of all the actors and agencies within the department should be clearly spelt out in the plan. This will avoid ambiguity and confusion while executing the plan in the times of crisis. Thus, the roles and responsibilities under the above listed heads/sections should be prepared and the responsibilities assigned.

Department plan must clearly identify and assess the current capacity of the department. In other words, the department assess the availability of human resources/manpower, equipment, need for training and further capacity building through human resource development plan. In addition, existing resource allocation by the department on disaster management functions and requirements of additional funds for a minimum period of next three years must be indicated in the plan.

Essay # 6. Principles of Disaster Management:

The principles of disaster management are:

1. Disaster management is the responsibility of all spheres of government. No single service or department in itself has the capability to achieve comprehensive disaster management. Each affected service or department must have a disaster management plan which is coordinated through the Disaster Management Advisory Forum.

2. Disaster management should use resources that exist for a day-to-day purpose. There are limited resources available specifically for disasters, and it would be neither cost effective nor practical to have large holdings of dedicated disaster resources. However, municipalities must ensure that there is a minimum budget allocation to enable appropriate response to incidents as they arise, and to prepare for and reduce the risk of disasters occurring.

3. Organisations should function as an extension of their core business. Disaster management is about the use of resources in the most effective manner. To achieve this during disasters, organisations should be employed in a manner that reflects their day-to-day role. But it should be done in a coordinated manner across all relevant organisations, so that it is multidisciplinary and multi-agency.

4. Individuals are responsible for their own safety. Individuals need to be aware of the hazards that could affect their community and the counter measures, which include the Municipal Disaster Management Plan, that are in place to deal with them.

5. Disaster management planning should focus on large-scale events. It is easier to scale down a response than it is to scale up if arrangements have been based on incident scale events. If you are well prepared for a major disaster you will be able to respond very well to smaller incidents and emergencies, nevertheless, good multi agency responses to incidents do help in the event of a major disaster.

6. Disaster management planning should recognise the difference between incidents and disasters. Incidents, e.g., fires that occur in informal settlements, floods that occur regularly, still require multi-agency and multi-jurisdictional coordination. The scale of the disaster will indicate when it is beyond the capacity of the municipality to respond, and when it needs the involvement of other agencies.

7. Disaster management operational arrangements are additional to and do not replace incident management operational arrangements. Single service incident management operational arrangements will need to continue, whenever practical, during disaster operations.

8. Disaster management planning must take account of the type of physical environment and the structure of the population. The physical shape and size of the Municipality and the spread of population must be considered when developing counter disaster plans to ensure that appropriate prevention, preparation, response and recovery mechanisms can be put in place in a timely manner.

9. Disaster management arrangements must recognize the involvement and potential role of non-government agencies. Significant skills and resources needed during disaster operations are controlled by non-government agencies. These agencies must be consulted and included in the planning process.

Goal of Disaster Management:

1. Reduce or avoid losses from hazards

2. Assure prompt assistance to victims

3. Achieve rapid and effective recovers. 

Essay # 7. Financial Agreements for Disaster Management:

Financing of Relief Expenditures :

The policy arrangements for meeting relief expenditure related to natural disasters are, by and large, based on the recommendations of successive finance commissions. The two main windows presently open for meeting such expenditures are the Calamity Relief Fund (CRF) and National Calamity Contingency Fund (NCCF). The Calamity Relief Fund is used for meeting the expenditure for providing immediate relief to the victims of cyclone, drought, earthquake, fire, flood and hailstorm.

Expenditure on restoration of damaged capital works should ordinarily be met from the normal budgetary heads, except when it is to be incurred as part of providing immediate relief, such as restoration of drinking water sources or provision of shelters etc., or restoration of communication links for facilitating relief operations.

The amount of annual contribution to the CRF of each State for each of the financial years 2000-01 to 2004-05 is as indicated by the Finance Commission. Of the total contribution indicated, the Government of India contributes 75 per cent of the total yearly allocation in the form of a non-plan grant, and the balance amount is contributed by the State Government concerned. A total of Rs.11,007.59 crore was provided for the Calamity Relief Fund from 2000-05.

Pursuant to the recommendations of the Eleventh Finance Commission, apart from the CRF, a National Calamity Contingency Fund (NCCF) Scheme came into force with effect from the financial year 2000-01 and would be operative till the end of the financial year 2004-05.

NCCF is intended to cover natural calamities like cyclone, drought, earthquake, fire, flood and hailstorm, which are considered to be of severe nature requiring expenditure by the State Government in excess of the balances available in its own Calamity Relief Fund.

The assistance from NCCF is available only for immediate relief and rehabilitation. Any reconstruction of assets or restoration of damaged capital should be financed through re-allocation of Plan funds. There is need for defining the arrangements in this regard.

The initial corpus of the National Fund is Rs.500 crore, provided by the Government of India. This fund is required to be recouped by levy of special surcharge for a limited period on central taxes. An amount of about Rs.2,300 crore has already been released to States from NCCF. A list of items and norms of expenditure for assistance chargeable to CRF/NCCF in the wake of natural calamities is prescribed in detail from time to time.

Financing of Disaster Management through Five Year Plans :

Although not specifically addressed in Five Year Plan documents in the past, the Government of India has a long history of using funds from the Plan for mitigating natural disasters. Funds are 11 provided under plan schemes i.e., various schemes of Government of India, such as for drinking water, employment generation, inputs for agriculture and flood control measures etc.

There are also facilities for rescheduling short-term loans taken for agriculture purposes upon certification by the District/ State administration. Central Government’s assets/ infrastructure are to be repaired/rectified by the respective Ministry/Department of Government of India.

Besides this, at the occurrence of a calamity of great magnitude, funds flow from donors, both local and international, for relief and rehabilitation, and in few cases for long- term preparedness/preventive measures. Funds for the latter purposes are also available from multilateral funding agencies such as the World Bank. These form part of the state.

There are also a number of important ongoing schemes that specifically help reduce disaster vulnerability.

Some of these are:

a. Integrated Wasteland Development Programme (IWDP),

b. Drought Prone Area Programme (DPAP),

c. Desert Development Programme (DDP),

d. Flood Control Programme,

e. National Afforestation and Eco-development Programme (NA & ED),

f. Accelerated Rural Water Supply Programme (ARWSP),

g. Crop Insurance, Sampurn Grameen Rozgar Yojana (SGRY),

h. Food for Work etc.

Initiatives Proposed by Various Bodies Regarding Financing under the Plan :

References have recently been made to the role of the Plan in disaster management by the High Power Committee (HPC) on Disaster Management, as well as by the Eleventh Finance Commission. The HPC was constituted in 1999 and submitted its Report in October 2001. The HPC took an overview of all recent disasters (natural as well as manmade) in the country and identified common response and preparedness mechanisms on the basis of a series of consultations with a number of government, non-government, national and international agencies and media organisations.

An important recommendation of the Committee was that at least 10 per cent of plan funds at the national, state and district levels be earmarked and apportioned for schemes which specifically address areas such as prevention, reduction, preparedness and mitigation of disasters.

The Eleventh Finance Commission too paid detailed attention to the issue of disaster management and, in its chapter on calamity relief, came out with a number of recommendations, of which the following have a direct bearing on the Plan:

1. Expenditure on restoration of infrastructure and other capital assets, except those that are intrinsically connected with relief operations and connectivity with the affected area and population, should be met from the plan funds on priority basis.

2. Medium and long-term measures be devised by the concerned Ministries of the Government of India, the State Governments and the Planning Commission to reduce, and if possible, eliminate, the occurrences of these calamities by undertaking developmental works.

3. The Planning Commission, in consultation with the State Governments and concerned Ministries, should be able to identify works of a capital nature to prevent the recurrence of specific calamities. These works may be funded under the Plan.

Essay # 8. Challenges in Disaster Management:

Logistics and supply chain management underpin responses to humanitarian crises. Disaster management cannot be handled by single agency.

Following are the real factors that affect the most in any location:

1. Reconstruction challenges

2. De-forestation

3. Climate change

4. Geographical locations

5. Speed of delivery

6. Movement of people from disastrous zones

7. Influx of humanitarian staff

8. Gaps in NGO capacity

9. Funding biasness

10. Lack of depth in knowledge

11. Lack of investment in technology and communication

Essay # 9. Role of Indian Armed Forces and Government in Disaster Management:

Role of Indian Armed Forces in Disaster Management:

Whenever a disaster strikes, either it is natural or man-made, the Indian armed forces are called upon to handle the situation. They are always ready to move to any kind of disaster- affected areas and have the guts to work under adverse conditions.

India is one of the most vulnerable nations in the world, susceptible to multiple natural disasters owing to its unique topographic and climatic conditions. Its coastal states, particularly the eastern coast and Gujarat are exposed to cyclones, 40 million hectares (eight per cent) of land mass is flood prone, 68 per cent faces drought threat, 55 per cent of the area is in seismic zones III-IV and falls under earthquakes-prone belt and sub-Himalayan region and Western Ghats are threatened by landslides.

Moreover, India is increasingly getting susceptible to man-made disasters related to industrialization, transportation, environmental degradation and terrorist attacks. Besides, there is no legal ratification either at the Union or the state governments level to deal with such disasters in comprehensive manner as the subject of disaster management is not specified under any of the three lists (Central, state and concurrent) of Seventh Schedule of the Indian Constitution.

The government of India is aware of the urgent need for better disaster response mechanism, but the overall trend in the nation has indicated that the level of preparedness of the Centre as well as the states is extremely uneven and requires considerable strengthening.

Fortunately, the Centre and a number of states have displayed growing appreciation for the need of effective disaster management strategies. Of late, the nodal agency for coordination of relief, response and overall natural disaster management is positioned under the Union Ministry of Home Affairs.

However, when any disaster occurs in India, the armed forces under the Ministry of Defence are called upon to intervene and handle the situation. As the development oriented Indian Civil Administration is ill equipped for undertaking disaster response activities in the event of major disasters, they merely rely on the armed forces.

At the same time, the Indian armed forces, being one of the most dedicated, professional, modernised armed forces in the world with rapid strides in technology development, adequately equipped with the necessary technical competence, man power and material resources undertakes rescue and relief operations of any disasters.

For instance, when tsunami occurred in December 2004, the Indian army, navy and the air force coordinated by the Integrated Defence Staff (IDS) efficiently executed the relief, rescue and evacuation assignments under Operation Sea Wave, and also extended aid to Sri Lanka and Maldives under Operation Rainbow and Operation Castor at the request of their respective governments for assistance.

Whether the Kashmir earthquake of 2005, the cyclone in Bangladesh on 15 November, 2007, the fire breakout at Burrabazar in Kolkata on January 12, 2008, or the recent serial blasts at Bangalore and Ahmedabad on July 2008, the role played by the Indian armed forces is commendable.

Above and beyond its primary role, i.e., to defend the nation against any external aggression the Indian armed forces are inevitably involved in securing the country from diverse unconventional fronts. They are always in the state of operational readiness to move to any kind of disaster-affected areas and have the daring to work under adverse ground and climatic conditions, which is of immense help in assisting the civil authority during disasters.

Their performance in rescue and response action after disasters has been exemplary and with the ever increasing frequency of disasters in the South Asian region, they will continue to play a vital role in the years to come.

Furthermore, in spite of the disaster rescue and relief responsibilities, there is need for decisive modus operandi for operational coordination between the civil administration and the armed forces. Since, the armed forces’ effective response depends on immediate information made available by the state administration, delay in information has often caused loss of precious time due to lack of proper communication and coordination with the civil authority and concern for loss of lives. In this regard, the state institutions must appreciate the operational line of action in which the armed forces function.

The armed forces professional ethics are autonomous in character and do not encourage civil interference. At the same time, the armed forces need to acknowledge that the source of primary information for disaster response lies with the state.

As disaster management plan should incorporate the role expected of the armed forces so that the procedure for deploying them is well-organized, there is a need to encompass an interface personnel correlation between the state government and the armed forces for immediate effective delivery of relief to the victims affected by disasters.

Role of Government in Disaster Management:

i. Funding Mechanisms:

The policy and the funding mechanism for provision of relief assistance to those affected by natural calamities is clearly laid down. These are reviewed by the Finance Commission appointed by the Government of India every five years. The Finance Commission makes recommendation regarding the division of tax and non-tax revenues between the Central and the State Governments and also regarding policy for provision of relief assistance and the share of expenditure thereon.

A Calamity Relief Fund (CRF) has been set up in each State as per the recommendations of the Eleventh Finance Commission. The size of the Calamity Relief Fund has been fixed by the Finance Commission after taking into account the expenditure on relief and rehabilitation over the past 10 years.

The Government of India contributes 75% of the corpus of the Calamity Relief Fund in each State. 25% is contributed by the State. The requirement of funds for response and relief is met from the CRF. Overall norms for relief assistance are laid down by a national committee with representatives of States as members.

Different States can have State-specific norms to be recommended by State level committee under the Chief Secretary. Where the calamity is of such proportion that the funds available in the CRF will not be sufficient for provision of relief, the State seeks assistance from the National Calamity Contingency Fund (NCCF).

When such requests are received, the requirements are assessed by a team from the Central Government and thereafter the assessed requirements are assessed by a Central team and thereafter the requirements are placed before an Inter-Ministerial Group chaired by the Home Secretary.

A High Level Committee chaired by the Home Minister with the Agriculture Minister, Finance Minister and the Deputy Chairman Planning Commission take decision regarding the release of assistance from the NCCF based on the report of the Central Team and the recommendations of the IMG thereon. In brief, the institutional arrangements for response and relief are well established and have proved to be robust and effective.

ii. Role of Central Government :

At the national level, the Ministry of Home Affairs is the nodal Ministry for all matters concerning disaster management except drought, which continues to be handled by the Ministry of Agriculture. The Central Relief Commissioner (CRC) in the Ministry of Home Affairs is the nodal officer for coordinating relief assistance for the natural and manmade disasters.

The CRC receives information relating to forecasting/warning of a natural calamity from India Meteorological Department (IMD) or from Central Water Commission of Ministry of Water Resources on a continuing basis. These forecasts are also concurrently passed on to the State by the Agencies responsible for early warning.

Whenever assistance is required by the States for handling a natural calamity, the assistance is coordinated by the Ministry of Home Affairs. Nodal Officers have been appointed in each Ministry/Department responsible for emergency support functions in the event of a disaster. The Central Relief Commissioner coordinates with the Nodal Officers to ensure that the requisite assistance is made available to the State.

Essay # 10. National Policy on Disaster Mana gement:

Despite the fact that we lose thousands of lives and property worth thousands of crores each year in disasters, we have not had a National Policy on Disaster Management. Where a number of Ministries or where a broad segment of Government is involved; it is useful to have a National Policy as it serves as a framework for action by all the relevant Ministries/ Departments. A National Policy on Disaster Management has been drafted. In line with the changed focus, the policy proposes to integrate disaster mitigation into developmental planning.

Institutional Changes :

The primary objective is to change the focus from relief and rehabilitation to mitigation and preparedness. MHA is working towards putting in place institutions which will reflect this holistic approach. The States have been advised (HS had written to all Chief Secretaries and the former Dy.

Prime Minister has also written to all Chief Ministers in this regard) to convert their Departments of Relief and Rehabilitation into Department of Disaster Management. 10 States/UTs: Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Bihar, Himachal Pradesh, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand, Nagaland, Andaman & Nicobar Administration and Lakshadweep have already acted on this.

The exercise of reducing vulnerabilities of mitigation or of preparedness or in fact of response is multi-disciplinary. It involves a number of Ministries/ Departments. Unfortunately, till date all Departments have had the feeling that disaster management/response is the responsibility of the Department of Relief and Rehabilitation alone.

The States have, therefore, been advised to set up Disaster Management Authorities under the Chief Minister with the Ministers of Water Resources, Agriculture, Home, Health, PWD, Animal Husbandry, Urban Development and other Ministers who may be relevant as members. 11 States and UTs: Tamil Nadu, Arunachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Orissa, Gujarat, Kerala, Nagaland, Delhi, Goa, A&N administration and Chandigarh Administration have notified the authority.

The other States are in the process of setting up similar authorities. At the National level, a National Emergency Management Agency is being set up. The proposal for setting up NEMA and building up specialised capabilities was considered by the Committee of Secretaries (COS) on 21st April, 2004. Based on the recommendations of the COS, the Note for the Empowered Group of Ministers on Disaster Management is being revised for submission to Home Minister for approval.

Disaster Management Codes :

In line with the changed approach, we are converting the Relief Codes into Disaster Management Codes by building into it the process necessary for drawing up disaster management and mitigation plans as well as elements of preparedness apart from response and relief. A Committee constituted under the Executive Director, National Institute of Disaster Management is expected to submit the draft to the Ministry by 30th June, 2004.

Essay # 11. Awareness Programmes for Disaster Management:

i. School Safety Programme :

An Initiative under Govt of India (GOI) and UNDP Disaster Risk Management Programme:

The School Safety Programme under the GOI-UNDP Disaster Risk Management Programme essentially targets in promoting a culture of safety in school and draw in the commitment of providing safe learning environment for children and education professionals.

Primary strategies are to help inform, persuade, and integrate the issues of safety to create safe schools, while the goal of the programme is to promote a culture of disaster preparedness in the school community. The objective is to sensitize children and the school community on issues of disaster preparedness and safety measures and to motivate key stakeholders through direct participation in activities that would foster towards a disaster resilient community.

The School Safety Programme includes a series of ongoing activity. Following is the list of activity undertaken to create safe schools — placing of school safety in the education agenda —awareness raising, education, training and capacity building of the Government Officials, Educational Administrators, Teachers.

Students, Engineers, Masons, parents and community — development of School Disaster Management Plan / building level emergency response plan and practicing through mock drills — structural and non-structural mitigation (incorporate structural safety parameters into the new constructions) knowledge networking and capacity building of the institutions to address the challenge.

The programme is spearheaded by the School Safety Advisory Committee/ School Disaster Management Committee supported by representatives from all sections of the school community Educational Administrators, School Administrators, Emergency officials, Civil Defence, Engineering / Public Works Department, Local Administration Officials, Health and Emergency Response Officials and the local community.

The implementation framework and the programme strategies have been highlighted in the School Safety Handbook. The programme draws in key risk reduction elements and it encompasses-preparedness and mitigation measures.

ii. Safety Awareness Programs:

Objectives:

The purpose of Safety Awareness Programs is to promote interest, increase safety awareness, and gain acceptance of safe work practices. The aim is to secure maximum employee participation through the effective use of media and individual or group recognition. The cooperation of the local safety and health committee in the promotion of safety is to be encouraged.

Local Needs :

Effective promotional programs must be based on a thorough study of local needs. Accurate planning and analysis are essential to achieve program objectives.

Districts, plants, and other installations should procure or develop and distribute posters, publications, films, bulletins, pamphlets, newsletters, displays, etc., based on current and projected accident trends. The display of safety posters distributed by Headquarters must be kept current. Budgeting for safety promotional needs must be included in program planning.

Implementing 7 Steps to School Safety:

1. Develop and equitably enforce a Code of Conduct for the district and building :

School district must have a Code of Conduct that is updated annually. Students and parents are all given a copy of this booklet at the beginning of the year. Additionally, the assistant principal also reviews the contents of the code of conduct in an assembly with students at the beginning of the year.

Students and parents are required to sign and return a form acknowledging the understanding of its contents as well. Teachers are also given training during staff development on the proper procedures for filling out referral forms for breaches of the code of conduct and for the proper protocol for handling classroom removals.

2. Develop district safety plans and building emergency response plans to deal with serious situations and conduct drills, table tops and functional exercises to increase the level of preparedness. School regularly holds practice drills to ensure that students and staff are familiar with the proper procedures and protocols for emergency situations. Substitute folders are also equip with information and protocols for handling emergency situations for whenever there is a substitute teacher in the building.

3. Personalize the school environment:

School personalized its environment by having students in the school Tech class build “Help Boxes”. These colorful boxes have been placed throughout the school building. Students can fill out an anonymous “help slip” if they have a problem that they need help with and drop it in the locked box.

If the student chooses to include their name, one of the school counselors will address the issue with them discreetly. Anonymous issues are usually read aloud during the morning announcements, and a suggestion for handling the issue is offered by the principal.

4. Analyze Violent and Disruptive Incident Reports (VADIR) and other student conduct data to provide information regarding pockets of concern that require attention and program strengths that could be replicated. As mandated reporters to this system, our district has a SAVE team that meets regularly to address these reports. Data from these reports issued to help revise and update our district annual Code of Conduct.

5. Implement programs and activities that have a proven record of achieving positive results; Evaluate programs periodically for their effectiveness and potential improvement. District has annually provided an after school program for students. This program provides homework help as well as elective type courses where students can engage in activities that are of interest to them.

Additionally, city also has two other community based programs affiliated with the district where students can go for after school support. Finally, local library also has a homework help program for elementary students. For two hours after school daily, these students can simply drop by with their homework and receive assistance from certified teachers for free.

6. Actively involve and engage parents and other community members in addressing issues and concerns. School must maintain a policy of communicating with parents whenever there is an incident of misconduct. Teachers are required to inform parents via phone or email communication whenever there is an incident of concern in the classroom. Administrators also actively contact parents whenever a referral is issued. Additionally, the district also has attendance teachers that specifically address attendance and truancy issues.

7. Make sure students, teachers, parents, administrators, and other school staffs are aware of warning signs of violence and the need to communicate to others.

Warning signs of youth violence that have been seen as an educator include:

1. Anger and aggression toward other students and adults

2. Isolating oneself from friends and loved ones

3. Arguing with group members during paired group activities

4. Complaints from other students about behaviour or language

5. Bullying behaviors

6. Attempting to justify violence as rough “horseplay”

7. Students bullying their parents or sibling in the home environment

8. Signs of gang affiliation

9. Frequent bruises or disheveled appearance

10. Long sleeves, coats during hot weather could be signs of a self-mutilator (cutting on various parts of the body). 

Related Articles:

• Institutional Framework of Disaster Management in India | Geography
• Phases of Disaster Management Cycle (With Diagram) | Disaster Management
• National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) | India | Disaster Management
• Role of Various Agencies in Disaster Management | India

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Essay on Disaster Management | Disaster Management Essay for Students and Children in English

February 13, 2024 by Prasanna

Essay on Disaster Management:  Disaster management is the conservation of lives and properties during a natural disaster or a disaster made by man. It addresses various issues like flood, cyclone or spread of any diseases. It is an organization to save people from such chaos.

It acts before, during and after the disaster has taken place. It is strategic planning. It is administered and employed to protect critical infrastructure.

You can also find more  Essay Writing  articles on events, persons, sports, technology and many more.

Long and Short Essays on Disaster Management for Students and Kids in English

We are providing the students with essay samples of a long essay of 500 words in English and a short essay of 150 words on Disaster Management in English.

Long Essay on Disaster Management 500 Words in English

Long Essay on Disaster Management is usually given to classes 7, 8, 9, and 10. Read More: Essay On Disaster Management

Natural disasters or humanmade disasters can happen anytime. They interrupt the normal functioning of the environment and society. To bring it under immediate control, there is a need for emergency intervention to bring things under management. The effects of the disasters must be put to ease to control the situation and the properties from getting destroyed.

Disaster management is a multi-faceted program which involves saving of lives of people, animals and properties during the occurrence of a natural disaster or a disaster caused due to manmade activities. It deals with different kinds of disasters like drought, earthquakes, floods, hurricanes and landslides.

It helps to reduce the harm caused by different disasters. There are various institutions set up in India, like the National Disaster Management Authority. It is a very precise and difficult process which includes intense research and precautionary measures to combat the situation within the correct time.

Disasters affect the lives of different people, belonging to the different strata of society. Every country is prone to disasters in some way or the other. India is highly prone to disasters because of its location. India has faced a lot of disasters in the past decades. Many chunks of properties have undergone damage, and many people have lost their homes. Slums have been destroyed due to the damaging disasters. Disaster management and its organization come to the rescue, providing, guidelines and measures to save as much lives possible and to make sure that these disasters do not create a panic which can lead to more chaos among the people.

National Disaster Management Authority or (NDMA) keeps track of the upcoming natural disasters and sends out immediate responses to people. They also carry out projects like school safety projects, risk management projects. Its main aim is to spread awareness and teach people to take necessary precautions when these disasters occur.

The manifestations of nature can be both gentle and aggressive at the same time. Its ferocious side has to be managed to stop chaos and damage to lives and properties. Different organizations have opened up to control disasters and to forecast disasters so that people become aware.

There are different types of disaster managements like geophysical disaster management that deals with earthquakes, landslides, volcanic activity and tsunami. Hydrological disaster management takes care of floods and avalanches. The climatological department of disaster management takes care of drought and wildfires, and the meteorological organization of disaster management manages storms, cyclones and wave surges. Epidemics and plagues are controlled and looked after by the biological section of disaster management.

Disaster management is important systems and a well-designed plan through which damages can be reduced. It is an effort by the government to tackle the unexpected situation, put forward by hazards and disasters.

The entire world has faced different types of disasters. But today it still survives, because of the efficient management systems of the disaster management organizations. Disasters can never be stopped, but the organization to manage it can be strengthened.

Short Essay on Disaster Management 150 Words in English

Short Essay on Disaster Management is usually given to classes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6.

Disaster management is the ways and means to maintain and mitigate the disasters that have already occurred or will occur shortly. Disaster management aims at reducing or avoiding the potential losses that have occurred from the hazards and disasters like flood, earthquakes, hurricanes, cyclones, and landslides.

Disaster management and its organizations offer an effective recovery of ongoing situations with ideal measures and protections. India has its unique geographical conditions, but it has led India to be prone to many disasters. Every year India faces natural disasters. The country has suffered enormous losses due to the occurrence of these disasters.

A few disasters that occurred in India were the super cyclone in Orissa in 1999 which struck at the Indian coast killing several people. The Bhuj earthquake is a famous earthquake in Gujarat that hit a serious condition in the state. The famous Tsunami of 2004 swiped out many properties and people leaving billions of properties and lives damaged.

10 Lines on Disaster Management in English

• Floods are the most frequently occurring disasters that occur every year and are managed by the organizations of disaster management.
• 80% of people are not aware of the home evacuation drill preached by disaster management organizations.
• Natural disasters are unfortunate occurrences that cannot be fully avoided but can be reduced through various measures.
• The maximum damage happened in between the years 2000 and 2012 that affected 2.9 billion people all over the world.
• There are three types of disasters, hybrid, natural and manmade.
• Lok Sabha passed the Disaster Management Act in the year 2005 to conserve properties during chaotic natural occurrences.
• The Natural Disaster Management Authority is a part of the Ministry of Home Affairs.
• The NDMA was established through the Disaster Management Act of 2005.
• Chairperson of the NDMA is the Prime Minister.
• To cope up with disasters, one needs to be well aware of the situation and its consequences, and protect himself with the guidelines by NDMA.

FAQ’s on Disaster Management Essay

Question 1.  Name four elements of disaster management.

Answer: The four elements of disaster management are, risk reduction, being ready, response, and recovery from the damage.

Question 2. Can natural disasters be avoided?

Answer:  No, it cannot be avoided, but its effects can be reduced with the necessary precautions.

Question 3.  What is disaster mitigation?

Answer: It is the measures to reduce and eliminate the impacts of hazards and disasters.

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Essay on Disaster Management

Disasters, whether natural or human-made, can strike without warning, causing immense destruction and suffering. Disaster management is a crucial process that involves preparing for, responding to, and recovering from these catastrophic events. In this essay, we will explore the vital importance of disaster management, its key components, and the role it plays in safeguarding lives and communities.

Understanding Disaster Management

Disaster management encompasses a range of activities aimed at reducing the impact of disasters. It involves planning, organizing, coordinating, and implementing measures to protect people, property, and the environment.

Natural Disasters

Natural disasters, such as earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, and wildfires, can have devastating consequences. Effective disaster management helps communities prepare for these events and respond swiftly when they occur.

Preparedness and Planning

A crucial aspect of disaster management is preparedness. Communities must develop emergency plans, conduct drills, and establish communication systems to ensure a coordinated response in times of crisis.

Response and Rescue

When disaster strikes, immediate response and rescue efforts are essential. Trained professionals and volunteers work tirelessly to save lives, provide medical care, and offer shelter to those affected.

Recovery and Rehabilitation

Recovery is a long-term process that follows the initial response phase. Communities must rebuild infrastructure, restore essential services, and support the emotional and psychological well-being of survivors.

Mitigating Risk

Disaster management also involves measures to reduce the risk of disasters. This includes land-use planning, building codes, and environmental conservation to minimize the impact of future events.

Human-Made Disasters

Human-made disasters, such as industrial accidents, terrorist attacks, and nuclear incidents, require a different approach to disaster management. It involves prevention, preparedness, and response strategies tailored to these specific threats.

Technology and Early Warning Systems

Advances in technology have improved disaster management. Early warning systems, weather forecasts, and satellite imagery help predict and monitor natural disasters, giving communities more time to prepare.

The Role of Governments

Governments play a central role in disaster management. They allocate resources, create policies, and coordinate efforts at the local, regional, and national levels. Government agencies like FEMA in the United States are dedicated to disaster response and recovery.

Community Involvement

Disaster management is a collective effort that involves individuals, communities, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and international agencies. Community participation is vital for a resilient response.

Lessons from Past Disasters

Studying past disasters provides valuable lessons for disaster management. It helps identify weaknesses in response and recovery efforts and informs improvements for the future.

Global Collaboration

Disasters can transcend borders, requiring international collaboration. Organizations like the United Nations and the Red Cross work together to provide aid and support to affected regions worldwide.

Conclusion of Essay on Disaster Management

In conclusion, disaster management is a critical process that saves lives, reduces suffering, and safeguards communities. It encompasses preparedness, response, recovery, and risk reduction strategies that are essential for addressing both natural and human-made disasters. As we witness the increasing frequency and severity of disasters in our changing world, the importance of effective disaster management cannot be overstated. It is a shared responsibility that requires cooperation at all levels of society. By investing in disaster preparedness and response, we can protect lives and ensure a more resilient and secure future for ourselves and generations to come. Disaster management is not merely a choice; it is a necessity for the safety and well-being of our global community.

Also Check: The Essay on Essay: All you need to know

Essay on Disaster Management: 122 Topics + Writing Guide

Without a doubt, a natural disaster essay is a tough paper to write.

To begin with, when people encounter a disaster risk, it’s a tragedy. Emergency situations can affect hundreds, thousands, and millions of people. These are the crises and events that change people’s lives drastically. So, disaster and emergency management essay topics aren’t that fun to discuss.

Moreover, an essay on disaster management requires thorough research. Mentioning how people handle natural hazards and recovery from such tragedies is essential for the paper. But you can approach the discussion from different sides.

In this article, our experts will help you with the following:

• How to nail disaster management essay writing.
• What to write your paper about.
• Types of disaster management and their importance.

And good luck!

• 👨‍💼 Disaster Management Definition

✍️ Disasters to Write About

• 🌎 Essay Topics
• ❓ Essay Questions
• 🔥 Essay Title Ideas
• 📑 Writing Guide
• 🖊️ Essay Example 300 Words

🔗 Resources

👨‍💼 essay on disaster management: what is it about.

What is natural disaster management , anyway? What is the role of adults and youth in it?

Disaster management is the management and organization of responsibilities and resources. Its goal is to deal with the humanitarian aspects of an emergency. Put simply, how to help victims of natural disasters.

There are five stages of the disaster management process:

Let’s see what each of these stages entails.

The name of this stage explains its purpose. Its primary focus is on preventing hazards and potential natural disasters.

Measures are usually taken on different scales, including international and domestic levels. They’re designed to provide reliable protection from possible disasters.

Of course, it isn’t possible to stop all disasters. But there’s always a chance to minimize the risks of injuries and loss of life. All thanks to environmental planning, evacuation plans, and the introduction of specific design standards.

Mitigation measures are those that are taken before a disaster or emergency happens. It aims to reduce or eliminate the risks and impact a hazard can have on people and the environment.

Mitigation measures come in different forms depending on the hazard itself.

Here are some examples of possible actions:

• Structural changes to buildings
• Securing items inside buildings
• Installation of generators
• Construction of shelters
• Large-scale mitigation measures on the national level
• Preparedness

The focus of this stage is to prepare supplies and equipment. It also involves developing usage procedures when a disaster happens.

The primary goal is to reduce the level of people’s vulnerability to a disaster. Also, to mitigate a disaster’s impact. And to be able to have a more effective response in case of an emergency.

Organizations like the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) even develop a disaster management plan. They also make disaster supply kit lists. Other agencies and organizations use them to teach people how to help each other. Or they modify those plans to increase their effectiveness. Those can be found on the web in the form of downloadable PDF files or printed handouts.

The response stage aims at fulfilling the humanitarian needs of the population affected by a disaster. Depending on the consequences, anyone can provide such assistance, including individuals, social workers, organizations, national and international agencies.

The most important part of the proper response is the effective coordination of assistance, especially if there’s a misbalance in the amounts of demand and the available answers.

In the case of massive and overwhelming disasters, donations play a crucial role in the response process. They range from all kinds of gifts to money (which is the most efficient type of assistance).

The question is: can communities recover after the disaster happens?

The recovery stage begins after the threat to human life is gone. The goal here is to bring the affected area back to normal condition as quickly and efficiently as possible.

This stage usually involves numerous processes—reconstructing buildings, refilling food availability, and preparing the equipment.

As we’ve mentioned earlier, disasters are divided into two categories—natural and man-made.

🌪️ Natural Disasters

Natural disasters are phenomena or processes that occur due to a force of nature and hurt the environment and people. They can cause injuries, property damage, environmental damage, and loss of life or other health impacts.

There are two types of natural disasters—geological hazards (involving geological processes) and meteorological hazards (or climate hazards).

Geological Hazards

A geological hazard is an extreme natural event in Earth’s crust that represents a threat to life and property. Now, let’s take a closer look at them.

Meteorological Hazards

Meteorological hazards are calamities caused by extreme weather factors, such as temperature, humidity, and wind speed. So, let’s talk in more detail about these.

⚡ Man-Made Disasters

Man-made disasters (also known as anthropogenic) are events caused by the action or inaction of humans. These disasters also affect the environment, humans, other organisms, and ecosystems.

Let’s now move to describe disasters themselves to give you ideas for your future essay.

Societal Hazards

Most societal hazards can be prevented by taking proper measures and actions. These hazards usually appear due to anti-social and criminal behavior. It all can be reported if spotted at the right time.

Hazards Related to Dangerous Materials

Dangerous materials released from man-made or natural hazards threaten human health by increasing the possibility of human exposure to hazardous materials. So, now, let’s take a look at them.

Transportation Hazards

Transportation hazards include disastrous events that can happen anywhere. On the road, in aviation, on railways, in sea travel, and even in space. Several reasons can cause a crash, from mechanism malfunctions to trivial inattention or carelessness. Such catastrophes not only endanger the people involved in them. They also harm the environment, for example, when freight vehicles are involved.

Environmental Hazards

A man-made disaster is classified as environmental if it affects ecosystems and biomes. Such disasters include air pollution, uncontrollable deforestation, oil spills, and water pollution.

🌎 Disaster Management Topics for Essays

• The role of the government oeganizations in mitigation of natural disasters.
• Discuss how to address the needs and demands of vulnerable population in disaster management.   
• Explain why earthquakes are among the most dangerous natural disasters.
• Natural disasters and the strategies of disaster management in Katmandu.
• Natural disasters and vulnerable health populations.
• Describe the ways to improve disaster response.
• Discuss the cases of post-disaster fraud and how to prevent them.
• Analyze the level of natural disaster preparedness in Texas.
• Compare international and South Africa’s disaster management. 
• What disaster mitigation strategies can reduce the consequences of flash floods.
• Examine how natural disasters influence various systems.  
• Describe the ways media responds to natural disasters.
• The vital role of SNS in a case of a disaster.
• Analyze ethical and legal issues that arise in case of a natural disaster.
• Explain why hurricane Katrina is considered one of the worst national disasters in the USA.  
• Describe 2 different global disasters and explain their causes.
• Discuss the importance of emergency planner in effective disaster preparedness.  
• Issues that may arise during rebuilding and recovery after natural disaster.
• The main aspects of safety and disaster training for healthcare workers.
• Analyze winter snow disaster in Philadelphia and its impact on the community.  
• Describe the effect of natural disasters on the supply chain.  
• Examine the reasons and consequences of the Budalangi flood.  
• Explain why the 1900 Galveston hurricane is regarded as disaster management failure.
• Explain why the problem of wildfire in California is getting out of control.
• Discuss the response to the Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami .
• Compare and analyze the earthquakes in California and Armenia .
• What were the causes and consequences of Haiti earthquake.  
• The management of evacuations from Gulf Coast hurricanes.
• Describe what the emergency response to a volcano eruption should be.
• Why was the blizzard of 1888 so deadly?  
• Is it possible to avoid catastrophic drought?
• Analyze how media depicts droughts in Africa.
• Discuss economic and environmental consequences of earthquakes .
• The importance of proper training for an effective disaster management.
• Explain the meaning of “New Normal” concept after disaster.  
• What steps should government take for better protection from wildfire?
• Basic aspects of disaster management in big cities. 
• Analyze the issues and lessons of hurricane Katrina.
• Compare the preparedness and response strategies to Haiti and Japan’s earthquake.
• Describe tsunami causes and countermeasures.

❓ Essay-Type Questions on Disaster Management

• What is the role of community-based organizations in managing regional disasters?
• What are the major global trends in disaster management?
• How can we help children cope and adjust after a disaster?
• What are the pros and cons of AI technology in catastrophe management?
• What role does early warning play in disaster management?
• Why is family unification one of the critical issues in disaster planning?
• What are the social and economic consequences of natural disasters?
• What characterizes disaster management in developing countries?
• How does natural ecosystem restoration contribute to disaster risk reduction?
• What are the key components of a comprehensive disaster management plan?
• What are the problems associated with organizing international disaster relief efforts?
• Why is psychological support a critical component of post-disaster management?
• What key elements should hospital evacuation plans consider?
• What are the peculiarities of disaster management plans for people with disabilities?
• How can climate change adaptation strategies be used in disaster management?
• What are the benefits of the disaster management cycle ?
• What can a regular person do to help their community recover from a disaster?
• How can cyberattacks on critical infrastructure exacerbate disaster scenarios?
• What is the importance of international cooperation in disaster management?
• How can disaster management motivate individuals to be active in their own safety?
• What are the ethical considerations in providing humanitarian aid in a disaster zone?
• How can you help others who might be more vulnerable during disasters?
• What common mistakes do people make when preparing for a disaster?
• Why is it important to have a disaster plan for your family or community?
• What are the specific risks of highly populated urban areas during natural disasters?
• How can psychological support programs be effective in post-disaster recovery?
• What is the role of land-use planning in mitigating disaster risks?
• How can collaboration between hospitals improve response to disaster?
• Why is mitigation one of the most critical phases of disaster management?
• How can physiotherapists effectively contribute in disaster situations?
• What are the key aspects of disaster preparedness?
• Why is it critical to invest in technologies for improving disaster response strategies?
• Why do different types of disasters require different management strategies?
• What are the ethical considerations in disaster mitigation and recovery?
• Why is effective communication essential during and after a disaster event?
• What technologies and methods are used to warn people about impending disasters?
• What role can education programs play in preventing anthropogenic catastrophes?
• How can urban planning help to minimize the impact of disasters on cities?
• What are the most effective ways to stay safe during a flood?
• What is the connection between cultural diversity and disaster preparedness?

🔥 Disaster Title Ideas for Essays

• Explore the role of disaster preparedness in reducing the effects of disasters.
• Flood prevention measures and their importance in vulnerable regions.
• The efficiency of scientific methods and technologies in predicting volcanic activity.
• Write about the function of social workers in China’s disaster management programs.
• How past disaster experiences can help prevent future catastrophes.
• The effectiveness of reforestation programs in restoring ecosystems.
• Housing programs and their role in post-disaster recovery.
• Compare the US and UK disaster management systems.
• Earthquake-resistant materials and their role in mitigating damage during earthquakes.
• Evaluate the use of coastal infrastructure in protecting from wave surges.
• The potential of green infrastructure in preventing floods.
• Cultural heritage preservation and its role in disaster management.
• The use of the Incident Command System in effective disaster management.
• Study the factors leading to building collapses and measures to prevent such disasters.
• The role of volunteers in the disaster management process.
• Biodegradable disaster cleanup technology and its pitfalls.
• Ethics in the practices and policies of disaster management.
• Review the challenges for preserving cultural heritage in coastal areas affected by wave surges.
• Energy-efficient buildings and their role in temperature regulation.
• Assess the importance of community education in minimizing the impact of volcanic eruptions.
• The influence of economic disparities on post-disaster recovery.
• Insurance and its role in mitigating the financial impacts of disaster.
• The importance of vaccination programs in preventing pandemics.
• Man-made disasters and their prevention strategies.
• Review the key methods of protecting vulnerable populations during heatwaves.
• The role of NGOs and international aid in volcano recovery.
• Potential challenges of global disaster management systems.
• Study the key pitfalls of tourism disaster management.
• Evacuation plans and their use in minimizing the risks of wildfires.
• Look into the social-cultural aspects influencing community resilience to disaster.
• Circular economy principles and their application in waste management.
• Evaluate the importance of international collaboration in preventing biosecurity risks.
• Safety practices and regulations to prevent dam failures.
• The use of risk management protocols in chemical plant explosion prevention.
• Sustainable agriculture practices and their use in reducing soil erosion.
• Evaluate the effectiveness of emergency response plans during extreme heat events.
• Post-tsunami mental health support and its importance.
• The strategies for minimizing economic impact in regions with active volcanoes.
• Study how social networks can assist in coordination during disaster events.
• Cyclone disaster management system and its main issues.
• Review the core components of a disaster response and their peculiarities.
• The efficiency of investing in resilience to reduce the impact of future disasters.

📑 Essay on Disaster Management: How to Write

If you’re writing an essay on such a serious topic, a how-to guide will be of great help. Here, we explore the ideas and issues to explore in your paper and the way to organize it.

Check what information your natural disasters essay can include.

Start with the Basics

We skipped it in this post, but you shouldn’t do this in your paper.

When writing a natural disasters essay of 500 words, or 1000 words, it’s essential to start with some general facts:

• A natural disaster definition would be a good beginning. Tell about various types, too.
• You can also provide information about a national disaster of your choice.
• Talk about countries that suffer from it more frequently than others, like India, Japan, etc.
• You can also write a quick rundown of the latest natural disasters.

Don’t forget to make this part meaningful, leading to your thesis statement, where you state your position.

Go into More In-Depth Details

In the main body, provide specific details about the catastrophe you’ve decided to describe:

• the locations where it can happen,
• causes of natural disasters,
• effects this particular disaster can have (both on the environment and in people’s lives),

Elaborating on each issue, offer evidence. For example, the disaster’s effect on transportation, infrastructure, economy, and so on can be supported by worldwide statistics data. A previously made outline might be a great help here.

Another thing you can do:

You can compare the disaster in question with other ones of the same type. Talk about the damages caused by them and how people dealt with the aftermath. Provide a couple of examples to prove your point.

Be sure to provide as many details as possible. As a result, your essay is maximally useful.

Talk About Disaster Management

Now, you can pass on the details of handling the situation. To be more specific, you’re going to tell your readers what to do in case of a catastrophe.

In this part of your essay on disaster management, you will have to talk about its phases. They are:

We’ll talk more about disaster management later on in the article.

Make Your Disaster Essay Even More Helpful

Do you want to make your disaster management essay more informative and impressive? Then tell about various organizations that deal with managing disasters. These resources can also help natural disaster victims or those who want to be aware of all the necessary information if something terrible happens.

Say a few words about the following organizations:

• International Association of Emergency Managers
• PreventionWeb
• United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction
• FEMA Recovery Resources
• Disaster Resource Guide
• Disaster Assistance
• American Red Cross
• Habitat for Humanity
• The Salvation Army
• World Confederation for Physical Therapy disaster management resources

These resources provide information about the prevention of natural disasters and what types of assistance are available. How to find missing friends or family members? What are the ways of recovering after disaster strikes? There are also community resources that can help with recovery.

End on a High Note

You don’t want to frustrate your reader, leaving them with a bitter impression. No matter how long your natural disaster essay is – 200 words, 300 words, or a thousand. It’s crucial to deliver a positive message.

Here’s what you can do;

• Talk about the consequences. Tell about the lessons that catastrophic events you’ve described teach us, as human beings. Spreading awareness about the consequences is essential, especially if we talk about man-made disasters. You might mention the role of the media in spreading awareness about environmental disasters.
• Talk about dealing with disasters. It might be a natural disaster, such as a tsunami, or human-made, like the Chernobyl disaster. Your essay should include info about how people dealt with them. The experience individuals get from dealing with disasters is priceless.
• Mention the value of human life. Encountering natural disasters reminds people of how fragile their lives are. It shows the importance of cherishing the life given.

In the end, you’ll have to summarize your essay and restate your thesis. While you try not to leave a negative message, don’t present any new thoughts or concepts. Draw a clear conclusion from the info mentioned in the body.

🖊️ Natural Disasters Essay 300 Words

Check out our essay example on natural disasters below to learn more about structuring your paper. And if you want more examples, try our free Chat GPT Essay Writer to generate a custom-made disaster essay sample tailored to your requirements.

Hurricane Katrina: Disaster Management Strategies

Introduction

In August 2005, Hurricane Katrina hit the southeastern United States. It became one of the most devastating natural disasters in the history of the country, resulting in 1,833 fatalities and $108 billion in damage . The experience learned from Hurricane Katrina, including both successes and failures, provides important insights for improving disaster management strategies.

Among the effective measures implemented were immediate rescue and social media coordination. Despite initial logistical challenges, the quick deployment of rescue teams, including the Coast Guard and volunteer organizations, saved countless lives. At the same time, social media platforms such as Twitter and Facebook have become effective tools for spreading information as well as reuniting families and organizing volunteers. The emergence of crowdfunding websites such as GoFundMe also helped affected communities and families by providing them with financial support.

Despite all efforts, Katrina also revealed shortcomings in disaster response and preparedness. Levee failures, in particular, which are a result of inadequate infrastructure, made the flooding more destructive. Besides, the government faced long-term recovery challenges due to bureaucratic obstacles. There were also challenges caused by inequitable resource distribution and limited access to mental health services. All these factors made reconstruction more difficult and isolated some communities, which highlighted the need for more inclusive and equitable strategies for recovery.

The struggle with the consequences of Hurricane Katrina became a lesson for the United States and the whole world. Recognizing both successful and unsuccessful strategies allows us to draw important conclusions for the next decades. In the event of future disasters, it will be crucial to prioritize community-based preparedness, efficient communication, a robust infrastructure, and equitable resource distribution to boost resilience and save more lives.

Want to see a fully-formatted natural disasters essay sample? Feel free to download it in PDF format below:

The inevitability of natural disasters and the frequent occurrence of human-made disasters necessitate well-planned effective emergency management approaches that employ functional and cost-efficient methods. Since disasters entail multiple financial losses, property damage, and most importantly, impose a significant threat to human health and life, medical preparedness constitutes a pivotal part of the disaster management process.

Hopefully, you’ve found this guide on natural disaster essay writing useful.

If you have any thoughts on writing disaster essays—make sure to leave a comment about it below. You can also leave a comment if you want to share more disaster resources. Have any questions, suggestions, or even a story to tell? Leave a comment!

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Natural Disaster Essay: How to Write, Topics, & Examples

What would you do if someone told you that a tsunami would wipe out your house tomorrow afternoon? You won’t believe them. It always seems that natural disasters happen in someone else’s life. But every year, millions of people worldwide suffer from various natural calamities. This article attempts to systemize the chaos of nature for you to write an impressive natural disaster essay. You will get acquainted with the seven types of disasters, get a long list of topics and examples of natural disaster essay in 200 words and 300 words.

• 🌪️ Natural Disaster: The Basics
• 💡 114 Essay Topics
• 📑 Outlining Your Essay
• 🌊 Essay Sample (200 Words)
• 🏜️ Essay Sample (300 Words)

🌪️ Natural Disaster Essay: What Is It About?

A natural disaster is a large-scale meteorological or geological event that can to cause loss of life or massive damage to people’s property. Floods and severe storms are the most reported acts of nature in the US, but other incidents also happen from time to time. That is why you can dedicate your essay on natural disasters to earthquakes, droughts, wildfires, floods, tsunamis, hurricanes, or tornadoes.

💡 114 Natural Disasters Essay Topics

What could you write in a natural disaster essay? You can invent your own topic about various types of natural disasters, their causes, and aftermath, or their impact on human life and the economy. Depending on the discipline, you can also describe historic calamities that changed the direction of human civilization. Alternatively, choose one from our comprehensive list below.

• Why are the Great Plains of the central US ideal for tornado formation?
• Global Warming and Climate Change Legislation.
• Research the atmospheric parameters inside a tornado.
• Energy, Technology and Climate Change.
• Why are the boundaries of Tornado Alley in the US so debatable?
• The global climate change as a manmade disaster.
• Which actions should you never do when a tornado is nearby?
• Volunteers’ Role During Disasters.
• Suggest your opinion on the best action strategy in a hurricane.
• The Columbia Disaster and safety violations.
• What were the causes and effects of a flood?
• Analysis on Climate Change and Global Impact.
• Describe the most devastating wildfires in the US and find their common features.
• Earthquake Engineering Considerations and Methods.
• Brainstorm ideas to prevent wildfires.
• Global warming and the greenhouse effect.
• How can building dams cause earthquakes?
• Climate Change and Its Impact on Freshwater.
• Analyze the impact of droughts on tourism.
• Climate Change Effect on Coral Reef Communities.
• Describe the most extended droughts in human history.
• Marine and Coastal Climate Change in Australia.
• Write an essay on natural disasters and earthquakes in particular.
• Air pollution and mortality rates
• What are the distinctive features of droughts in third-world countries?
• Global Warming, Climate Change, and Society’s Impact on the Environment.
• Study the relationship between global warming and droughts.
• Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder After a Hurricane.
• Evaluate the damage caused by Hurricane Maria in 2017.
• Social Media’s Role in Disaster Response.
• Classify the effects of natural disasters in an essay.
• Sustainability and Climate Change.
• Describe the 1815 volcanic eruption of Mt. Tambora, Indonesia.
• Hurricane Katrina: Overview, Impact, Response.
• Each new leap of civilization causes new responses of nature.
• Animal Exploitation. Animal Agriculture and Climate Change.
• Think of any positive effects a volcanic eruption may have.
• In Arizona, Collaboration Averts Water Disaster.
• Children are the poorest victims of any disaster.
• A Solution to Remedy Climate Change.
• Which ways of disaster risk reduction do you know?
• An Emergency Operations Center During Hurricane Harvey.
• Research the current problems in disaster management.
• Disaster Recovery Plan for Information Technology Organizations.
• Analyze ineffective disaster management in an essay about hurricane Katrina.
• Nurse Competencies and Scope of Practice in Disaster.
• What should a household have at home in the case of a disaster?
• Hurricane Katrina: The Powerful Natural Disaster.
• Describe the humanitarian disaster during the drought in Somalia.
• Technology in Disaster Preparedness.
• Can man-made disasters entail natural calamities?
• Disaster Management in Philadelphia.
• Review the criteria for disaster classification.
• Jeddah Floods and Adaptation Strategies in the City of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
• Search for real examples of hybrid disasters.
• Natural Disasters Prevention: A Tabletop Exercise.
• Who is responsible for casualties after a natural disaster?
• The Sand Storms: Remote Sensing and Meteorological Variables.
• List the lessons we could learn from our past disaster experience.
• Fire Development, Growth, and Spreads.
• The ice storm and silver thaw: A gentle disaster.
• Fire Crisis Management in the UAE.
• Rockslides: A pressing issue for rural areas.
• 1d – 2d Flood Modeling Using PCSWMM.
• What are the psychological benefits of disaster preparedness?
• Structural Control and Origin of Volcanism in the Taupo Volcanic Zone.
• When does a blizzard become a disaster?
• Extreme Weather Events + Geographies of Globalization.
• Research the causes of dust storms and name the affected areas.
• Strategies for Sustainable Integrated Oil Disaster Management in West Africa.
• Why did the San Francisco earthquake (1906) cause devastating fires?
• Causes of Climate Change.
• What could be done to help people who lost their homes in an earthquake?
• Book Review: Energy and Global Climate Change.
• Analyze the role of World Vision in humanitarian aid after disasters.
• Tangshan earthquake of 1976 showed that high population density is disastrous.
• The Role of Carbon Dioxide in Climate Change.
• Rock avalanche: Why water is the most powerful geological agent.
• Aspects of Climate Change.
• When do extreme weather conditions turn into a disaster?
• Climate Change: Reasons, Kyoto Protocol.
• Write an article on shelter-providing organizations for disaster victims.
• Establishing an IT Disaster Recovery Plan.
• Describe earthquake cycles in Haiti.
• Effects of Climate Change on Agriculture and Food.
• How can nature damage ecology in natural disasters?
• Climate Change. Problems. Effects.
• Disaster management should include psychological help to the survivors.
• Climate Change Causes: Position and Strategies.
• Suggest ways to prevent damage caused by debris flow.
• HAT 4: Disaster in Franklin Country.
• How did the lack of evacuation after the Bhola cyclone (1970) result in the massive death toll?
• The Effects of Climate Change.
• The most significant Yellow River flood: 2 million deaths in 1887.
• Resilience Building Against Natural Disasters in the Caribbean Islands.
• Sinkholes: A natural disaster or attraction for cavers and water-divers?
• Global Climate Change and Health.
• Describe the dynamics of landslides in California.
• Which early-warning systems to detect avalanches do you know?
• Los Angeles Regional Collaborative for Climate Action.
• Pyroclastic flow: The deadliest volcanic hazard.
• Communication During Disaster Response.
• Describe the volcano eruption of Vesuvius that destroyed the Herculaneum and Pompeii.
• Disaster Planning for Families.
• Disaster prevention measures: Investments that save millions of lives.
• Natural Disaster Management and Historical Prospective Study in the UAE.
• Research the PTSD in survivors of natural disasters.
• Are the latest disasters the nature’s fightback to humanity?
• Estimate the human impact on natural disasters.
• List the countries with the largest number of disasters and find their standard features.
• Everyday Communication on Climate Change.
• Insurance coverage against disasters: Our inevitable future.
• Emergency Planning Before and After Hurricane Katrina.
• One natural disaster could bring the world to its end.

Haven’t found a suitable topic in the list above? Use our essay topic generator to get more ideas.

📑 Natural Disaster Essay Outline

Outlines differ, depending on the assigned length and essay type. It is a reference sample. Feel free to modify it, extending some points and narrowing the others. Still, the overall structure should remain the same. We have chosen the “Causes of Earthquakes” essay topic for demonstrative purposes.

• Hook . There are millions of possible ways to start your essay, from a rhetorical question to any imaginable scenario. The point is to grab the reader’s attention, showing them that your writing is unique and creative. For example: We are always concerned with the consequences of a natural disaster. But what brought us into such a calamity in the first place?
• Concepts. Natural disasters can be studied in the framework of various disciplines. But in all cases, they are linked with geology, biology, chemistry, geography, and some other subjects with broad and complicated terminology. Explain the terms that could be elusive for your readers here. For example: For the purposes of this essay, an earthquake is a sudden displacement of the land surface.
• Background. How did you come to think of this problem? Why is it topical? The causes of earthquakes are numerous and often unrelated. To understand them as a system, we need a strict classification.
• Thesis statement . Clearly state the aim of your essay. This essay attempts to group the causes of earthquakes to determine which factors can be tackled by human forces.
• Transition sentence. It comes in the previous sentence (for paragraphs 2 and 3) and ensures smooth reading. E.g.: Tectonic movements are the most powerful causes of earthquakes, and we cannot influence them. But still, there is something we could do.
• Topic sentence . What will you explain in this paragraph? Human interference with nature can also cause earthquakes.
• Evidence. How can you confirm the topic sentence? Heavy clubbing of dam water can disturbance the crustal balance. Nuclear bombing causes shockwaves that penetrate the surface, changing the tectonic plates and their natural alignment. Mining can also cause earthquakes by removing extensive volumes of stone from under the ground.
• Warrant. Why does the reader need this information, and how does it relate to the thesis statement? Knowing these facts can help us change the old-fashioned approaches and lessen the ecological damage to our planet.
• Summary. Collect and summarize all your arguments here. Tectonic movements, volcano eruptions, and geological faults cause a significant part of earthquakes worldwide. But various man-made causes bring us to the same result.
• Rephrased thesis. We cannot stop the tectonic movements or hinder volcanic eruptions, but we can use natural resources with more care.

🌊 Natural Disaster Essay 200 Words

Below you will find a short natural disaster essay for 200 words. It explores the causes and effects of the tsunami in Japan in 2011.

Tsunami in Japan: Causes and Effects The proximity of the deadliest disasters is often unpredictable. As a result, the consequences of a tsunami can exceed any possible expectations. This essay looks for the decisive factors that caused the tsunami in Japan in 2011 and its results for the local population and other countries. The causes were out of human control and could not be predicted. The Pacific plate moved in the horizontal and vertical plane, advancing beneath the Eurasian Plate. It displaced the seawater above and entailed several destructive waves. The disaster had enormous consequences for the Japanese people and their economy. It killed almost 16,000 people, although the country had a sophisticated alarming system. Besides, the earthquake caused fires and explosions at oil factories. The cooling system of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant went out of service. Two people were lost, and many were injured. Nissan, like many other large corporations, had to suspend the operation of its four factories. The economic losses due to the catastrophe amounted to 300 billion dollars. But the disaster moved to other places. On 24 March 2011, the earthquake in the east of Myanmar claimed the lives of 60 people and destroyed 300 buildings. As we can see, everything is linked on our planet. Movements of the earth’ crust in any part of the world bring about earthquakes and tsunami in other countries. The series of waves in Japan was caused by the underwater earthquake and had horrible consequences.

🏜️ Natural Disaster Essay 300 Words

If your assignment is longer, you will have to provide your opinion in the essay. Or, you can make your argumentation more detailed. Below you can check our 300-word sample of a disaster essay.

The Economic Effects of the Dust Bowl Drought When someone says “a natural disaster,” we usually imagine an earthquake or a tsunami. Buildings are destroyed, and property is lost. But imagine a scenario of a devastating drought, which happened in the US in the 1930s. Its effect is less visible because it lies in the domain of the national economy. This essay reveals the economic consequences of the Dust Bowl drought. During the third decade of the XX century, strong winds raised choking dust in the southern states, from Texas to Nebraska. People and animals died as the crops failed in the area for several years in a row. The Dust Bowl lasted for almost a decade and was also called “the Dirty Thirties.” This drought intensified the impact of the Great Depression. Local farmers had to migrate to urban areas in search of better conditions and other sources of living. About 2.5 million people moved West from the worst-hit states, namely New Mexico, Texas, Nebraska, Oklahoma, and Kansas. But they found only discrimination, meager salaries, and inhuman working conditions. Many had to live in tents near irrigation ditches. They were called “Okies,” a disdainful name for migrants of any state. Regular rains returned to the southern states by the end of 1939, closing the drought. However, the economic aftermath persisted. The counties that suffered the most failed to recover the agricultural value of their land till the 1950s. Thus, the local population kept decreasing for twenty years. Although a drought does not ruin property, it can tangibly lower human life levels. The Dust Bowl threw people into a lose-lose situation. Their farms were unfit for gaining any profit, and the new places of living gave them no better opportunities. It took two decades to restore public wellbeing in the Southern States.

Researching the worst acts of nature can teach you to value what you have. We hope that this article has made your creative writing more manageable and pleasurable. You can write an essay of any length by simply following our outline. All you will need to do after that is make a cover page for it.

Please share your natural disaster essay ideas in the comments below.

❓ Natural Disaster Essay FAQ

How to write an essay about natural disaster.

Your approach should depend on the discipline. But in any case, you can discuss the types of disasters, their consequences, characteristics, and preconditions. The excellent idea is to select a past disastrous event and analyze it from the economic, social, or individual point of view.

What Is a Disaster Essay?

A disaster essay explores the stages of a natural or man-made calamity and seeks the possible ways to prevent similar emergencies in the future. An article on disaster management studies the correct and efficient activities to lower the casualties and property loss after a disaster.

What Is Disaster Preparedness Essay?

This type of writing analyzes the level of readiness of a region or municipality to an unexpected natural disaster. You can highlight the vulnerable groups of the population that will suffer the most. Or, you may invent measures that could reduce the disaster response and coping time. Such assignments teach you strategic thinking and a systematic approach to problem-solving.

How to Describe a Natural Disaster for an Essay?

You should specify that the event was unexpected and led to many deaths and property loss. The most critical things include the causes of the disaster, its progress and duration, and the negative consequences for the locals. You can also specify the negative effect on the economy and humanitarian condition of the area.

🔗 References

• Natural Disasters and Severe Weather | CDC
• Types of Disasters | SAMHSA
• Natural Disaster – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
• Natural Disasters – National Geographic
• What Is Disaster Management: Prevention and Mitigation

Essay on Disaster Management

Essay generator.

In the contemporary world, disasters have become a frequent, albeit unwelcome, part of human life. From natural calamities like earthquakes, floods, and hurricanes to man-made crises such as industrial accidents and terrorist attacks, the spectrum of disasters is vast and varied. The omnipresent threat posed by these disasters necessitates an effective and efficient disaster management strategy. This essay delves into the essence of disaster management, its phases, the challenges involved, and the role of technology and community participation in enhancing disaster resilience.

Disaster Management

Disaster management refers to the systematic process of creating strategies aimed at limiting the adverse impacts of disasters. It encompasses a broad range of activities, including preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation efforts, to safeguard lives, property, and the environment. Effective disaster management is imperative not only for saving lives but also for maintaining economic stability and ensuring sustainable development.

The Phases of Disaster Management

Disaster management can be delineated into four critical phases, each of which plays a pivotal role in managing disasters.

1. Mitigation

Mitigation involves efforts to reduce the risk of disaster occurrences or diminish their effects. These measures include constructing buildings that can withstand earthquakes, improving drainage systems to prevent flooding, and implementing strict zoning and land-use practices. Mitigation strategies aim at preventing disasters from occurring and, failing that, reducing the impact of disasters when they occur.

2. Preparedness

Preparedness focuses on planning how to respond when a disaster strikes. This phase includes training emergency responders, establishing warning systems, conducting disaster drills, and developing evacuation plans. Preparedness efforts ensure that when a disaster occurs, the response is swift, coordinated, and effective, thereby minimizing loss of life and damage to property.

3. Response

The response phase is activated once a disaster occurs. It involves the mobilization of emergency services, volunteers, and other resources to save lives, provide shelter, and meet the basic needs of those affected. The effectiveness of the response phase heavily relies on the preparedness measures that have been put in place.

4. Recovery

Recovery is the process of restoring the affected community to its pre-disaster state. It includes rebuilding infrastructure, restoring public services, and providing support to the impacted individuals and businesses. Recovery can be a long-term process, focusing on not only the restoration of the physical aspects but also the emotional, economic, and social recovery of the community.

Challenges in Disaster Management

Despite the best efforts, disaster management faces numerous challenges. These include:

• Lack of Resources: Many regions, especially in developing countries, lack the necessary resources, including finances, equipment, and trained personnel, to effectively manage disasters.
• Communication Breakdown: Effective communication is crucial during disasters. However, disasters often disrupt communication infrastructure, making it challenging to coordinate response efforts and disseminate information to the public.
• Coordination Among Agencies: Multiple agencies are involved in disaster management, including local, state, and federal governments, NGOs, and international bodies. Ensuring seamless coordination among these entities is often a daunting task.
• Climate Change: The increasing impact of climate change is exacerbating the frequency and intensity of natural disasters, posing new challenges to disaster management strategies.

The Role of Technology in Disaster Management

Technology plays a crucial role in enhancing the effectiveness of disaster management. Innovations such as satellite imagery, GIS (Geographic Information Systems), and drones provide critical information for disaster preparedness and response. Social media and mobile technology have revolutionized the way information is disseminated and have improved communication between disaster management agencies and the public. Additionally, early warning systems powered by advanced forecasting technologies can save countless lives by providing timely alerts about impending disasters.

Community Participation in Disaster Management

Community participation is fundamental to the success of disaster management efforts. Local communities are the first to respond to disasters and thus, empowering them through education and training is vital. Community-based disaster management programs encourage local involvement in disaster preparedness activities, such as evacuation drills and first aid training, ensuring that communities are better equipped to cope with disasters. Engaging communities also fosters a sense of ownership and responsibility towards local disaster management initiatives.

In conclusion, Disaster management is a complex and multifaceted field that requires the concerted efforts of governments, organizations, communities, and individuals. By understanding the phases of disaster management and addressing the associated challenges, we can enhance our resilience to disasters. The integration of technology and the active participation of communities further strengthen disaster management frameworks, making our societies more robust and better prepared to face the inevitable challenges posed by disasters. As we move forward, it is imperative that disaster management strategies evolve in tandem with the changing dynamics of disasters, ensuring a safer and more resilient world for future generations.

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Essay on Natural Disasters for Students in English [Easy Words]

January 16, 2021 by Sandeep

Essay on Natural Disasters: Natural calamities like earthquakes, floods, cyclones tsunamis and landslides have increased due to manmade factors like pollution, ozone depletion and global warming. The extreme exploitation of forests and natural resources has created a severe imbalance in our ecosystem, leading to many natural disasters. A warning management system issues early warnings of a possible calamity and networks with relief operations, rehabilitation support and rescue planning measures.

Essay on Natural Disasters 500 Words in English

Below we have provided Natural Disasters Essay in English, suitable for class 6, 7, 8, 9 & 10.

Natural disasters are major unpredicted events that have harmful effects on our society. They are severe, and they damage everything in their surrounding space. They pose a threat to the health and well-being of all living populations. Natural disasters include tsunamis, cyclones, earthquakes, landslides, floods, volcanic eruptions, and avalanches. Their destruction capacity can be calculated by their spatial extent.

The spatial extent helps in determining the level of severity of a natural hazard. With the rising population and the growth in the number of industries, man has exploited almost all the natural resources present on our planet. This has left our ecosystem in a state of imbalance. Nature is all-powerful, and there is no escape to its wrath. Our selfish activities have led to disasters like pollution , global warming , and ozone depletion. Natural disasters cause a loss in one form or another. We cannot prevent them, but we can certainly take some controlled steps to minimize their effects.

Types of Natural Disasters

Tsunami: A tsunami can be identified as a very large seismic wave in an ocean or a sea. It is caused by any kind of geophysical activity on the ocean floor. These activities can be earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and landslides. Tsunamis consist of multiple waves of high current capacity. Tsunami waves are very high when they reach the coastal areas. They can easily flood the shores. People living in these areas cannot outrun these gigantic waves. Loss of life and property follows.

Cyclone: Cyclones are violent storms that are associated with thunder, lightning and torrential rains. They are robust swirling winds which can bring a lot of damage to the affected areas. They do not have any specific direction and can have a speed of about 240-1200 miles per hour. Cyclones mostly hit the warm countries and can result in loss of life, damage to crops, fallen trees, and sinking of boats.

Earthquake: The sudden movement of Earth’s tectonic plate, which results in a shake or vibration of the ground is termed as an earthquake . It is mostly caused by the rupture of geological faults. However, volcanic eruptions and mine blasts can also initiate them.

Landslide: Movement of rock and debris down a sloped portion of land is known as a landslide. It is caused by rain, volcanoes, and earthquakes. Soil erosion (due to deforestation) makes the land unstable and also causes landslides. Landslides mostly occur in mountain areas. Therefore, life in hilly terrains is always susceptible to these kinds of events.

Avalanche: Avalanche is also known as a snow slide. It occurs when a mass of snow rapidly slides along a sloped region (mountain tops). These can also originate as a result of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Avalanches commonly occur on convex slopes and also on slopes covered with grass. Surviving an avalanche is rare because here, death happens due to hypothermia.

Flood: A flood can be defined as the overflow of water on a dry piece of land. Floods can be caused by excessive rainfalls, breaking of dams, storm surges, and tsunamis. Besides being life-threatening, floods can cause sediment deposition and drainage congestion. Coastal plains are the worst-hit zones during floods.

Volcanic Eruption: A volcano is a passage in the crust of Earth through which magma (molten silicate rock) flows out to the surface of the earth. A volcanic eruption can release liquid lava, debris, ash and gases into the environment. These eruptions contribute to the various hazardous events that take place on the Earth’s surface. They can lead to glacier bursts, mud flows, and acid rain.

Disaster Management

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Disaster Management Essay

An essay is a piece of writing that revolves around a particular theme and contains the academic opinions of the person writing it. A basic essay mainly consists of three parts: Introduction, Body, and Conclusion.

In this post, you will find a brilliant Disaster Management Essay.

Disaster Management Essay (200+ Words)

The occurrence of numerous disasters causes significant damage to both people and property. However, most governments fail to prepare for such events despite spending large amounts of money on various issues.

Effective disaster management can reduce the impact of disasters or even prevent them altogether. To achieve this, disaster management teams should follow essential norms such as good training, the latest equipment, designated responsibilities, quick communication systems, economic arrangements, security measures, medical support, and standing orders for essential services like transport, food, and supplies.

To handle different types of disasters, teams should be established according to their preparation and capacity, allowing them to handle the situation effectively.

Disasters can occur due to natural causes or accidental reasons. Natural disasters are typically more widespread and severe, requiring proper infrastructure and arrangements. Accidental disasters require limited arrangements but require prompt action during rescue operations.

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Countries like America, Britain, and France have included disaster management training in their school and university curricula to prepare students for emergency situations. Other countries should follow a similar approach to prepare residents to face and manage disasters effectively.

Students should be trained through drills and practices to grow their confidence in handling real-life disaster situations. Having precautionary measures and adequate disaster management forces is crucial in today’s world, where disasters are increasing due to the virtual effect of technological advancements.

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Flood Essay for Students and Children

500+ words essay on flood.

Flood is one of the most dangerous natural disasters. It happens when excessive water is collected in any area. It usually happens due to heavy rainfall. India is highly prone to flood. There are many regions in the country that face this natural disaster because of the overflowing of rivers. Moreover, it also happens because of the melting of snow. Another reason for floods is when the dam breaks down. If we look at the coastal areas, the hurricanes and tsunamis are held responsible for causing floods. In this essay on flood, we will see the prevention and after-affect of flood.

In other words, whatever the cause may be, it is equally dangerous. It has a lot of harmful consequences. Flood damages the living conditions and it takes a lot of time to recover from this disaster. Therefore, the consequences of floods must be known and steps must be taken to prevent it.

After-effects of Flood

Floods interrupt with the day to day functioning of the affected area. The severe floods sometimes cause mass destruction. A lot of people and animals lose their lives due to floods. Several others are injured. Floods also bring a rise in diseases. The stagnant water attracts mosquitoes causing malaria , dengue, and more illnesses.

Furthermore, people face power cuts due to the danger of electrocution. They also have to face expensive pricing. As the supply of food and goods gets limited, the prices naturally grow higher. This creates a big problem for the common man.

Most importantly, the whole country faces economic loss. The resources needed to rescue people and tackle this disaster demands a hefty amount. Plus, the citizens lose their houses and cars which they worked all their lives for.

Subsequently, floods also hamper the environment. It causes soil erosion and this degrades the quality of the soil. We lose out on fertile soil. Similarly, floods also damage flora and fauna. They damage crops and displace trees. Thus, the measure should be taken to avoid these grave consequences.

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Ways to Prevent flood

The government and citizens must work together to formulate ways to prevent floods. Proper awareness must be spread about the steps to take when floods occur. Warning systems must be set up so people get sufficient time to save themselves. In addition, areas that are more likely to have floods must have tall buildings above the flood level.

Other than that, dams must be constructed strongly. The use of cheap materials causes dams to break. The government must ensure there is a quality building of dams to prevent floods.

In short, we cannot prevent natural causes like rain and the melting of glaciers. However, we can stop the manmade causes like breaking of dams, poor drainage system, installing warning systems and more. We should take inspiration from countries like Singapore that never experience floods despite having heavy rainfall for most time of the year.

FAQ on Flood Essay

Q.1 what are the consequences of a flood.

A.1 Floods cause immense destruction. They are responsible for the loss of human and animal lives. People lose their homes and cars in floods. They also cause soil erosion and uproot of trees.

Q.2 How can we prevent floods?

A.2 Governments must take up certain measures to prevent floods. We can install flood warning systems. Make people aware of what to do in times of flood. Moreover, we can also build a proper drainage system that will ensure no waterlogging.

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Essay on Disaster Management

List of essays on disaster management, essay on disaster management – short essay (essay 1 – 150 words), essay on disaster management in india (essay 2 – 250 words), essay on disaster management – for school students (class 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 standard) (essay 3 – 300 words), essay on disaster management (essay 4 – 400 words), essay on disaster management – written in english (essay 5 – 500 words), essay on disaster management (essay 6 – 600 words), essay on disaster management – for college and university students (essay 7 – 750 words), essay on disaster management – long essay for competitive exams like ias, ips, civil services and upsc (essay 8 – 1000 words).

The disaster management is a discipline through which human beings do their very best to limit the feel of the damage caused by disasters. A disaster can sometimes be said to mean a situation that is very catastrophic where the usual pattern in life and the ecosystem is disturbed and there is a need for an emergency intervention to preserve and save lives or the environment.

It is important to note that natural disasters can happen at any time and this means that adequate measures and tools must be put in place to help battle or ease the effects and impact of disasters when they happen.

Audience: The below given essays are exclusively written for school students (Class 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 standard), college and university students. Furthermore, those students preparing for competitive exams like IAS, IPS, Civil Services and UPSC can also increase their knowledge by reading these essays.

‘Disaster Management’ is a must for every country. No country is immune to disasters.

What is meant by Disaster?

Disaster is something that interrupts the normal functioning of a community; it results in a great loss of life and property that cannot be stopped or sorted out immediately. Two main types of disasters are explained below:-

Natural Disasters – These disasters are caused by nature and they are far beyond human control. Earth quakes, floods, hurricanes, tsunami are few examples.

Man-Made Disasters – These disasters are caused by humans either unknowingly or purposefully. Few examples are Fire accidents, nuclear attacks, wars, conflicts etc.,

The Importance of Disaster Management:

Disaster Management is a system or a well-designed plan by which the hazards of a disaster is reduced. It is the effort that the government takes to tackle any unexpected situation. The world has been a victim of many disasters, still it survives because of the efficient disaster management systems that every country possesses.

Conclusion:

Disasters result in damage. Disasters cannot be stopped but disaster management can be strengthened.

A disaster is an intense troubling disturbance in the working of a country and society as it usually affects a large section of the population and causes massive damage. To deal with such disasters there comes in place disaster management. India is a country prone to disasters such as floods and doubts, earthquakes, Tsunamis and landslides happening every year in different parts of the country. In fact, there is no such nation which is protected from disasters.

Disaster Management in India:

National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) is the body under the Ministry of Home Affairs which has been set to deal with the disaster management in India. NDMA was formed on 30 May 2005 under the Disaster Management Act. Its duties are to lay down the policies on the steps required to be taken for disaster management and take suitable measures to help people and Government in times of disaster.

Prevention and Control in Times of Disaster:

Various exercises should be performed in case of a disaster. Disaster Management includes the coordination, direction, and full control, quick evaluation of harm, rebuilding of intensity, media transmission and surface transport, the sending of inquiry and save groups, medicals and para-medicinal groups, water for drinking and food material, setting up of transitory asylums, sanitation and cleanliness ID and reserving of assets, last yet not minimal, upkeep of lawfulness is similarly critical.

However, it must be noted that it is not the responsibility of the Government alone to help people in times of disaster. Every single individual must take a functioning part in disaster management in order to decrease the loss of life and resources.

Introduction:

Chaos, mass death of human beings and livestock, increased crime rate are some of the effects of disasters. Disasters are negative occurrences that lead to widespread panic and fear. They also cripple the society’s ability to respond to its causes.

Disasters can be natural or man-made. In both cases, they can lead to great loss of lives and properties. In extreme cases, there can be a combination of man-made and natural disasters. For instance, armed conflicts and scarcity of food. Therefore, disaster management is necessary to curb or stop immense loss and damage.

Disaster management can be in form of disaster prevention, disaster awareness, and preparation. These concepts shall be considered below.

Disaster Prevention:

Countries all over the world have adopted steps to prevent the widespread of diseases or viruses. These steps include funding of researches for the eradication of natural disasters. Other forms of fundings include food provision, provision of health care amenities etc. The latter is usually employed in economically disadvantaged areas in Africa and the Middle East.

Also, Predictions of possible natural disasters have been made possible by improved scientific researches. For instance, equipment has been developed to adequately detect earthquakes and tsunamis. This has led to growing voices for environmental consciousness. Consciousness in this sense translates to the reduction in all forms of environmental pollution.

Disaster Awareness and Preparation:

Disaster awareness is another way of curbing excesses of widespread epidemics. Members of the public need to be sensitized of the need to keep the peace, de-escalate dangerous situations and to have a safety first approach to every potential disaster.

Management of disaster is aimed at reducing death rates and suffering of a human. When successful management of all these can be attained, the impact of disasters can be mitigated. Hence, the importance of the successful management of disaster cannot be overstated.

Disaster management is often the need of the hour and it is something which people truly need to be proficient in. Owing to the inhumane anthropogenic exploitation of mother earth, the occurrence of natural disaster has increased considerably.

Whenever a calamity occur, it is important to be well prepared for it. There is a science called disaster management which helps in both prevention and mitigation of the calamity.

Can you avert disasters?

Those who practise disaster management are of the opinion that by studying the minor signs and keeping a vigilant watch, we can warn about the disaster and thereby take the right actions.

Not only this, if we start undoing the damage and do our bit to preserve the environment, a lot of natural disasters can be avoided. Disaster management specialists are of the opinion that if we regulate the use, we can cut down on disasters like global warming, flash floods, drought and so on.

The Disaster Management Mitigation:

Even the mitigation steps are taught in thorough details to those who learn the dynamics of disaster management. When you are well versed in this science, you will be equipped with the different ways by which you can handle the mitigation.

Suppose a flood has occurred, knowing how to let the water recede and to keep an eye on the changing climate so as to offer alerts for any repeat floods could be a significant help. Along with this, there are several other ways by which we can negate the effect of a disaster.

Preparedness Factor:

The best use of disaster management has to be the fact that it can help you be prepared for it. Often the finest experts would launch a warning signal and thereby guide people about the right measures to be taken.

However for this to work, it is important to be watchful and vigilant. Sometimes, the calamities can strike without much of a forewarning and this in turn can create even more havoc.

The bottom line as stated by most disaster management experts is to start taking care of the environment which is the key reason for our survival. When you are doing your bit, you will find that nature will take care of its own as well. Of course, some calamities may strike from time to time but we can definitely cut down their instances significantly by nurturing and protecting this unique environment.

The world is faced by disaster, some are severe while some are manageable. Disasters are abrupt accidents that cause massive destruction of life and property including natural calamities. Disasters can either be natural or man-made. These disaster need emergency management to rehabilitate the damage caused. The management is done to contain the damage and to control the hazards of the disaster through a process of disaster management. The process is aimed at preventing disaster and mitigating the inevitable disasters. India is vulnerable to disaster like floods, droughts, landslide and earthquake. The disaster management efforts by Indian government have greatly improved over the years.

The Process of Disaster Management:

The process is divided into four phases of disaster management. The first phase is mitigation whereby the occurrence possibility of a disaster or the adverse effects need to be minimized. The actions include public education on the nature of the disaster and how they can prepare to protect themselves and the structural construction projects. These projects are aimed at minimizing loss of lives and destruction of property by the anticipated disaster.

Preparedness is the second phase of disaster management where the goal is to strengthen readiness to handle emergencies through programs by government. The preparedness is mostly directed towards lifesaving activities. Preparedness involves drafting of plans, developing communication systems, public education and exercises. The third phase is response where the disaster management team enacts the plans to maintain lives and reduce the numbers of affected population. The response is done by providing transport, shelter and food to the affected population. The damage is contained by repairs and temporary solutions are sought e.g., temporary residence for the affected population.

The final phase of disaster management is recovery. This is usually after the disaster has settled and damage has already been done. In recovery, the team tries to restore the livelihood of people and the infrastructure. Recovery is done either short term or long term. The aim is to restore a normal or better livelihood for the affected population. Health safety is emphasized during public education. Recovery phase enables the disaster management to transition into long-term solutions.

Challenges in Disaster Management:

The management of disaster is a challenging process and some deficiencies are encountered. In some countries, the specific hazards and disasters are not clear and so the government is unable to deploy disaster management in an unknown disaster. There is also the aspect of inadequacies when it comes to the technical and framework capability of a nation. Disaster management frameworks require support from the government. Although disaster management process involves public education, there is no aspect of psychological counselling for individuals because of the high population. People tend to suffer post-traumatic stress and psychiatric diseases.

Disaster management is an important activity and it should be adopted by countries in order to prevent the inevitable disasters and reduce the adverse effects of disasters. However, there are limitations of disaster management that reduce the capability of successful implementation of the strategies.

Disaster management is an important issue for modern life in the many populated cities of the world. Discovering the importance of proper disaster management is beneficial for all students who want to major in some aspect of urban planning or public health. The precise protocol for disaster management depends on the source of the disaster and everything you plan and do also depends on this factor.

Disaster Management for Natural Disasters:

One of the most predominant sources of potentially hazardous situations for human life and living are natural disasters, however, most people living in areas that are at risk know the proper disaster management for such situations. Natural disasters can be caused by any natural factor like the rain, or drought and they usually require from the community to prepare in advance for the disaster management. Sometimes no one can prepare for a surprise attack from nature and then the affected people need to improvise in their disaster management, this approach is avoided in all situations except in those that could not be avoided.

Disaster Management for Environmental Emergencies:

Disaster management in environmental emergencies is somewhat different than the previous one. First, of all, because these emergencies are caused by human factors like problems in the industry and transport so the designed disaster management has to be adapted for those situations. The additional factor is the fact that this type of disaster management usually requires the use and disposal of dangerous and poisonous chemicals.

Disaster Management for Complex Emergencies:

Disaster management in complex emergencies often requires the authorities to resolve social issues because of a break down in social order. Such situations can be dangerous for people’s lives because a general state of anarchy could break out and disaster management can become a bloody and vicious affair. Recently disaster management in complex political and social situations strives towards the implementation of weapons and tools that can do less physical harm when they are used and instead cause pain for the recipient.

Disaster Management for Pandemic:

Pandemics create a need for a special type of disaster management because of the presence of virulent microorganisms. Usually, pandemics cause health issues for the general public and they are addressed through medical means and with the aid of doctors. Disaster management in a pandemic should abide by strict protocol because there can be many sources of infection and the entire process would be additionally complicated if the medical workers get infected as well.

Disaster Management for Emergency Management:

All of the above-mentioned situations where disaster management is needed can be resolved by following four simple steps. So, even if we are not trained for a certain type of disaster, we can still get a good idea of what we have to do if such a situation does happen.

The first step is mitigation that is to get rid of the source of the disaster or reduce its impact. Preparedness is the best way and if you know a certain situation could come up make sure you have all that you need to get out of it. One more benefit is to train yourself with the right response for the emergency you are in. Finally, you have to think about recovery and finding ways to help people who might be in a worst position than you.

Disaster management is a complex process and sometimes it needs a lot of preparation, therefore everyone who knows they can end up in such an emergency position better do the smart thing and prepare in advance. The best thing is not to be surprised and to know the right things to do, however sometimes we can end up in a situation that we were not prepared for, that is when we need to keep a cool head, analyze the type of the disaster and follow these simple steps and we can make it out with the least amount of stress.

Disaster management has become very important and necessary in the world we live in today. A disaster can simply be said to be the extreme disruption of the functioning and workings of a habitat which causes varying degrees of environmental, material or human losses that are way more than the capacity and capability of the population that is affected to cope with employing its very own resources. Earthquakes, landslides, cyclones, tsunamis, floods and droughts are all some of the many examples of the disruptions know as disasters.

The disaster management is a discipline through which human beings do their very best to limit the feel of the damage caused by disasters. A disaster can sometimes be said to mean a situation that is very catastrophic where the usual pattern in life and the ecosystem is disturbed and there is a need for an emergency intervention to preserve and save lives or the environment. It is important to note that natural disasters can happen at any time and this means that adequate measures and tools must be put in place to help battle or ease the effects and impact of disasters when they happen.

Types of Disasters:

Basically, disasters are widely divided into two types namely:

1. Natural disasters

2. Manmade disasters

1. Natural Disaster:

This is a natural occurrence or a process that leads to the loss of many lives, causes injuries and other forms of health hazards, leads to the damage and loss of properties, loss of means of livelihood, causes a great damage to the environment and causes serious disruption to economic and social activities. Natural disasters include landslides, earthquakes, hurricanes, volcanic eruptions, blizzards, floods, cyclones and tsunamis.

2. Manmade Disaster:

Another name for the manmade disaster is complex emergency and it is as a result of major events like oil spills, fires, looting, transport accidents, nuclear radiations or explosions, terrorist attacks wars and so many more. Manmade disasters are sometimes the outcome of various technological hazards.

Effects of Disasters:

The indirect or direct impact or effect of disasters is always very dangerous, damaging and destructive. Human lives are lost, infrastructures that are in place are either damaged or destroyed, livestock and plants that are sources of food are destroyed during disasters. The losses and impacts of disasters can be felt for a lot of years and it might take a long period of time to move on from a particular disaster.

The Impacts of the Activities of Human Beings on Disasters (Natural Disasters):

Scientists and researchers have discovered and put forward that urbanisation, industrialisation and modernisation are negatively affecting the environment. As a result of the exploitation of the environment (nature), a lot of natural disasters like landslides and earthquakes are being created and their levels are being increased to a stage where they cause a large amount of loss of properties, animals and most importantly human life. Due to this, we need to take care our environment and take measures to battle global warming and climate change which are primary causes of some natural disasters like flooding and drought.

Disaster Management:

This is a non-stop act of trying to reduce the effect of disasters. Disaster management needs coordinated and collective efforts as just one person can’t do it. Some of the steps that should be taken when a disaster occurs include control and command, coordination, power restoration, quick assessment of the perceived damage, surface transport and telecommunication, the deployment of teams for search and rescue, availability of Para-medical and medical team, provision of food material and good drinking water, making temporary shelters available, hygiene and sanitation identification and the setting aside of resources, most importantly is the total maintenance of the given laws and also order.

The group of people most affected by and most susceptible to disaster are those that are poor. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to always be prepared for disasters and swiftly move into action any time they happen because it is necessary that we give rescue operations and immediate relief that can go a long way in saving a number of human beings and stop further damages to lives and properties as a result of the disaster.

Disaster management has become most of the most important things today as it enables us handle and curtail unforeseen situations effectively and efficiently. We must be ready and well equipped with all of the latest technologies and developments. Even though disaster management and all of its steps and processes can’t help prevent a disaster, they can go a long way to ensure that the effect and impacts of the disaster are not really felt.

Disaster management is the applied science or field of planning proper strategies to minimize the risk of future disasters while making ways to effectively deal with the damages caused by the occurred disasters.

The type of disaster management put into effect largely depends on the type of disaster. Disaster management also varies on other factors, such as direct and indirect impacts of any disaster.

Disaster management covers both natural and man-made disasters. Needless to say, most of the natural disasters occurring today are also an indirect result of human activities.

The natural disasters can be listed as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, cyclones, lightning, drought, floods, and forest fires, etc. The man-made disasters are any electrical, fire, road, or oil-spilling accident that cause demolition. The nuclear explosion, global warming, chemical warfare, etc., also fall under the category of man-made disasters.

Need for Disaster Management:

The disaster management is not just to handle the consequences of a calamity. In fact, disaster management is equally about the prevention of future catastrophe. That is why it becomes essential to first understand the root cause of the problem.

According to the disaster management data, the biggest cause for natural calamities such as the earthquake, floods, cyclones, etc., is deforestation. When trees are cut, the soil is devoid of their roots which are responsible for holding the soil together. The loose soil is less capable of absorbing water and the situation ends up with frequent cases of drought.

Cutting of forests also increases earth’s temperature which leads to global warming. Loose soil is more likely to break down and get washed away by the river waters. Consequently, it gives rise to floods and earthquake, another high priority situation for disaster management.

Man-made disasters are truly a sign of selfishness and instant gratification. Deforestation for the purpose of creating homes and industries reflects the short-sightedness of human race. It is the central point for all the disasters and something that has generated loads of work to do for the disaster management.

Impacts of Disasters on Earth:

Whether natural or man-made, disasters don’t take sides when it comes to destruction. In spite of the desperate efforts by the disaster management organizations, millions of people all over the world, die every year due to one or other calamity.

Thanks to the man-made adversities, the pollution levels of air, water, and soil have reached a whole new level. The humongous natural disasters result in the loss of countless lives. Nations suffer the damages of property, food resources, and falling economies due to various natural disasters.

Apart from the deaths of human beings, forest fires, and cyclones, etc., disasters also cause the killings and extinction of many animal and plant species. Another great factor that leads to extinction of precious fauna is the human activity of poaching and hunting.

In the olden times, the man used to hunt animals for food and protection from heat. But now, it has turned into a selfish, dark business. From whales to elephants, rhinos, and turtles, all kinds of animal species are facing the blow and their numbers are decreasing in a sharp way.

The corals and sea phytoplanktons which play a great role in the air purification of the whole planet are bleaching and shrinking down due to the polluting activities of human beings.

Role of Disaster Management:

Disaster management is specialized in dealing with all sorts of damages. If we look at the past incidents, disaster management has been an indispensable factor in tackling with the detrimental effects of Hiroshima Nagasaki bomb blasts. The 1986 Chernobyl accident in Russia is still under the disaster management process.

In India, disaster management got into action on multiple occasions. Whether it was an earthquake in Gujarat, the cyclone in Orissa, the floods in Maharashtra, Bhopal gas tragedy, and several other incidents as we recall, time and again, we have relied on the workings and aids of disaster management to overcome the wounding situations.

Indian Agencies for Disaster Management:

In India, on 23 December 2005, the Rajya Sabha passed the Disaster Management Act, 2005. The same Disaster Management act was approved and passed on 12 December 2005 by the Lok Sabha. Not much later, i.e., on 9 January 2006, the Disaster Management Act, 2005, got the permission of The President of India and became valid all over the country.

In addition to that, we also have a National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) in India. National Disaster Management Authority is an agency of the Ministry of Home Affairs. Its main objective is to regulate the actions and aids to natural or man-made disasters. The same agency also works for the capacity-building in disaster resiliency and tackling of the crisis.

National Disaster Framework, in India, is another approach to effective disaster management. Its function is to incorporate institutional mechanisms, disaster prevention plan, an early warning system, readiness and response, and human resource development.

The other disaster management agencies in India are National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC), Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), and Central Water Commission (CWC), etc. We also have an exclusive funding system called the National Disaster Management Fund (NDMF) for the disaster mitigation purpose.

Our Individual Role in Disaster Management:

Contribution toward disaster management is every individual’s responsibility. It is not a mere task and business of an agency. Disasters happen to leave an impact on our daily lives and turn it upside down. It is just a pity excuse to say that we as individuals have whatsoever no reason to be concerned with the disaster management.

On the surface, it looks quite insignificant but every little step of a person, such as planting trees, living a healthy life, and making the earth greener, can prove to be really helpful in disaster management.

After all, it is we together that have caused the various calamities. For most parts, even natural disasters are the results of man-made activities which give rise to the need for disaster management.

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Essay on Disaster Management for Children and Students

Table of Contents

Essay on Disaster Management: A disaster is an extreme disruption in the functioning of a habitat that causes widespread human, material, or environmental losses that exceed the ability of the affected population to cope with its own resources. Landslides, earthquakes, tsunami, cyclones, droughts, floods etc are some of the examples of disasters. Disaster management is the discipline by which human beings continuously make effort to mitigate the harm caused by the disasters.

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Long and Short Essay on disaster management in English

Disaster management is a topic on which students are generally asked to write essays. We are providing below essays on the same with different words limit, so the respective essay could be picked up by the students as per their requirements.

Disaster Management Essay 1 (100 words)

Disaster refers to the mishap, calamity or the grave occurrence from the natural or man-made reasons which can’t be stopped or tackled immediately by the affected community. Earthquakes, cyclones, droughts, floods etc are some of the natural disasters resulting into huge loss of lives and properties. The direct or indirect impacts of disasters, either natural or man-made are colossal damage, destruction and death.

The disaster management is the discipline by which human beings continuously makes efforts to reduce the harm caused by the disasters. India has set up many departments and organizations for the same such as national disaster management authority (NDMA). But we are yet to achieve satisfactory progress with regard to timely management of disasters. This can be done by raising adequate awareness about the ways to cope with disasters and greater co-ordination between the centre and state agencies.

Disaster Management Essay 2 (200 words)

A disaster is a sudden, calamitous event that seriously disturbs the functioning of a community or society and causes human, material, and environmental losses that exceed the community’s or society’s ability to cope with using its own resources. Though often caused by nature, disasters can have human origin as well such as major fire or leakage in a nuclear plant due to human negligence.

Disaster management is a well-planned strategy for making efforts to reduce the hazards caused by the disasters. Disaster management though does not avert or eliminate the threats; it focuses on formulating plans to decrease the effect of disasters. In India, national disaster management authority (NDMA) has been set up to coordinate responses to natural or man-made disasters across the country. NDMA runs various programs for mitigation and responsiveness for specific situations.

These include the national cyclone risk management project, school safety project, decision support system etc. But going by the lack of preparedness exposed by the outbreak of recent disasters in the country, the NDMA needs to make more organized and effective efforts to mitigate the losses caused by disasters. In fact, the society as a whole must make efforts to co-operate with the central and state agencies in coming out with a collective response to deal with disasters.

Also Read: Article on Save Water – Long and short articles for students

Disaster Management Essay 3 (250 words)

Disaster is a catastrophic situation in which normal pattern of life or ecosystem gets disturbed and extraordinary emergency interventions are required to save and preserve lives or environment. India is one of the most disaster prone zones in the world due to its peculiar geographical characteristics as well as the poor social conditions in which the communities live which exposes them to the frequent destruction caused by the hazards.

For India, the major hazards are earthquakes, landslides, drought, cyclones, floods, forest fires, fire accidents etc. Rapid growth in the population rate has certainly triggered the level of disasters. Natural disasters can only be mitigated but the man-made disasters can be prevented to a certain limit. India has taken many steps and has formed many organizations in order to mitigate, reduce and avoid the hazards of the disasters.

In India, the role of emergency management falls within the jurisdiction of the national disaster management authority of India (NDMA), which is doing a great job in reducing the hazardous impacts of the disaster and is operating from a government-centered approach to decentralized community participation.

But it needs much more sustained efforts to come out with a well-thought out strategy and response to minimize the colossal damage caused by disasters whenever a calamity has struck, for instance tsunami and Uttarakhand floods in recent times. We have not been able to mount adequate rescue and rehabilitation efforts to effectively deal with the situation.

Disaster Management Essay 4 (300 words)

A disaster is a serious disruption in the functioning of a community and society as a fall-out of widespread human, material, or environmental losses that exceed the ability of the affected population to cope with its own resources.

India is a disaster prone country. In fact, there is no country which is immune from disasters which can be classified as-

Types of Disasters

There are two majorly two types of disasters:

• Natural disasters
• Man-made disasters

Natural disasters are the disasters caused due to natural reasons which are beyond the control of humans including floods, hurricanes, earthquakes and volcano eruptions that have immediate impacts on human lives.

Man-made disasters also known as the complex emergencies are the disasters caused due to major accidents like fires, the breakdown of authority, looting and attacks, including conflict situations and war.

Disaster management is a continuous phenomenon of mitigating the impact of the disasters. Disaster management calls for collective and co-ordinated efforts. A number of activities need to be undertaken in the event of disaster. These include co-ordination, command and control, rapid assessment of damage, restoration of power, tele-communication and surface transport, deployment of search and rescue teams, medicals and Para-medical teams, arrangements for drinking water and food material, setting up of temporary shelters, sanitation and hygiene identification and earmarking of resources, last but not the least, maintenance of law and order is equally important.

The most vulnerable sections in these disasters are the poor. Hence it is necessary to mobilize them towards preparedness for any emergency. Quick and timely response is the essence in providing immediate relief and rescue operations, to save human lives and mitigate miseries as soon as possible.

India has set up many departments and organizations for the same i.e. National disaster management authority (ndma), national remote sensing centre (nrsc), central water commission (cwc) etc. And due to the presence of so many authorities it is not feasible for all of them to take steps in a single direction.

Disaster management has assumed great importance in recent times. To handle any unforeseen situation efficiently, we need to be well-equipped with latest technologies. It cannot avert the outbreak of disaster, but can mitigate its impact to a large extent.

Disaster Management Essay 5 (400 words)

Introduction

God has created everything including land, water, air etc. Nature has several manifestations – benign as well as hostile. Sometimes, it is soothing, sometimes it is ferocious. Whenever it turns to be in its bad temper, it can bring about devastation which is known as disaster.

A catastrophic situation in which normal pattern of life and or ecosystem gets disturbed and extraordinary emergency interventions are required to save and preserve lives or environment can be termed as a disaster. Natural disasters are the manifestation of nature and they can take place anywhere anytime.

Classification of disasters:

The disasters can be classified as-

Natural disasters: A natural hazard is a natural process or phenomenon that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and economic disruption, or environmental damage. Various disasters like earthquakes, landslides, volcanic eruptions, hurricanes, floods, blizzards, tsunamis, and cyclones are all natural disasters.

Human instigated : Human-instigated disasters are the consequence of technological hazards. Examples include fires, transport accidents, oil spills and nuclear explosions/radiation. War and terrorist attacks may also be put in this category.

Disasters in India: well, there is no country which is completely free from disasters and so is India. India, due to its geographical locations & geological formations, is a highly disaster prone country.

India has faced a number of disasters, ranging from flood, earthquakes, cyclones, tsunami, drought, landslides. A few recent disasters faced by India include floods in Uttarakhand, cyclone “vardah” in Chennai, recurring earthquakes in northern India, chama earthquake in Gujarat, super cyclone in Orissa in 1999, bhuj earthquake in Gujarat in 2001, tsunami in 2004 and Mumbai-Gujarat flood in 2005. Besides, India has had to suffer technology-related tragedy in the form of gas tragedy in Bhopal in 1984. India also faced the problem of plague in Gujarat.

The direct or indirect impact of the disasters has always been deadly, destructive and damaging. They cause loss of life to the humans as well as livestock.

Disaster management

Disaster management is the management of resources and responsibilities in order to lessen the impact of disasters.

Disaster management in India

In India, a lot of forums, funds and organizations are functioning to mitigate the effects of the disasters like national disaster management authority (NDMA), national remote sensing centre (NRSC), Indian council of medical research (ICMR), central water commission (CWC) etc. A separate fund called as “national disaster management fund” (NDMF) is also there for exclusive mitigation.

Sometimes, due to lack of co-ordination between the central and state government as well as the absence of correct resources; the concerned forums, organizations are unable to provide the apt rehabilitation.

To handle the situation efficiently, we need to be well-equipped with latest technologies. Disaster management cannot avert the situation, but can mitigate its impact to lessen sufferings of humans, plants and animals.

Disaster Management Essay 6 (800 words)

About disaster

Land, water, air etc are some of the beautiful creations of the almighty. Nature has several manifestations – smooth as well as hostile. Sometimes, it is soothing while sometimes it is ferocious. Whenever it turns to be in its bad temper, it can bring about devastation or destruction which is known as a “disaster”.

Literal interpretation

Literally, disaster refers to the mishap, calamity or the grave occurrence from either the natural or man-made reasons which can’t be stopped or tackled immediately by the affected community.

India, being very much prone to disasters due to its geographical location, earthquakes, landslides, drought, cyclones, floods, forest fires, and fire accidents are some of the major calamities that keep occurring, inflicting colossal damage. Rapid growth in the population rate and urbanization has mostly triggered the level of the disasters.

Types of disasters

The disasters can be broadly classified into two major categories:

• Man made / human instigated disasters

Natural disaster is a natural process that may cause loss of huge lives, injuries or other health impacts, property damages, loss of livelihoods and services, social and economic disruptions or massive environmental damage. Various disasters like earthquakes, landslides, volcanic eruptions, hurricanes, floods, blizzards, tsunamis, and cyclones are covered under the scope of the term natural disaster. Human instigated disaster is also known as the complex emergency and is the disaster caused due to major happenings such as fires, oil spill, breakdown of authority, looting, wars etc.

Disasters in India over a decade-at a glance

India has faced some of the most destructive disasters in past decade which can be named as under:

Effects of disasters in India:

The impact of natural as well as human instigated disasters is colossal death, destruction, injuries, huge loss of the lives of humans and livestock.

The impact of human activities on natural disasters:

Since a long for now, it has been noticed that modernization is leading to grave ignorance towards the environment. Environmental bylaws are being neglected by industries. Due to over-exploitation of nature, we humans have created such a situation where events like earthquakes, landslides are increasingly being elevated to the extent that they are causing massive loss in terms of human life and property.

It’s not that, every one of us is being ignorant about the environment. There are a lot of people who are very much concerned about the nature and the environment. Even, there are many NGOs which are taking the issue of global warming and pollution publically by taking out rallies and organizing several campaigns to save environment and such initiatives need to be appreciated.

Disaster management is the creation of primary and secondary plans through which people’s vulnerability to hazards can be reduced so that they can cope up with disasters. The mechanism does not avert or eliminate the threats; instead, it focuses on creating the strategies to decrease the effect of disasters.

National disaster management authority (NDMA) is the apex body which is mandated to lay down the policies and guidelines for disaster management to ensure timely an effective response towards disasters. A separate fund called as “national disaster management fund” (NDMF) is also there for exclusive mitigation.

NDMA mostly performs the following functions:

• Administration
• Policies formation for disaster management
• Mitigation of disasters
• Approval of the plans laid down
• Formation of funds for the purpose of mitigation of disasters etc
• Running various programs and imparting guidelines

Prevention & control

The natural disasters are inevitable, even if we have measures to predict/ forecast the disasters we can’t stop them from happening. The best which can be done is to avoid the practices which are hazardous for the environment which are leading towards environmental degradation, while preparing plans for our disaster management.

Once a disaster strikes it leads to a massive destruction and loss of life. In case of the disasters like earthquakes, floods etc. Where a number of humans are displaced and post disaster there are a number of causalities. This is the time when the actual emergency preparedness comes into effect by giving first aid to the injured ones, providing rescue and relief operations to the victims.

To handle the situation efficiently, we need to be well-equipped with latest technologies. Also, it is of utmost importance to be prepared with a proper disaster management team which can take charge as soon as possible when the disaster strikes.

Related Information:

Speech on Disaster Management

Essay on Earthquake

International Day for Natural Disaster Reduction

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