road accident essay in nepali language

Road Accident Essay for Students and Children

500+ words essay on road accident.

Essay on Road Accident: Road accidents have become very common nowadays. As more and people are buying automobiles, the incidences of road accidents are just increasing day by day. Furthermore, people have also become more careless now. Not many people follow the traffic rules. Especially in big cities, there are various modes of transports. Moreover, the roads are becoming narrower and the cities have become more populated.

Thus, road accidents are bound to happen. You pick up a newspaper and you will find at least one or two news about road accidents daily. They cause loss of life as well as material. People need to be more careful when on the road, no matter which mode of transport you are from. Even the ones on foot are not safe because of the rise in these incidences. Every day people witness accidents in the news, from relatives and even with their own eyes.

Road Accident Incident

Once I was on my way back home from festive shopping when I witnessed a road accident. I was with my sister and it was around 6 o’ clock in the evening. In the middle of the road, we saw a crowd surrounding something. We weren’t quite sure what was happening as the first thought that came to our mind was that it was probably a quarrel between two men. However, when we reached the spot, we found out an accident had taken place.

Subsequently, the police arrived as the people had caught the driver and were beating him up. After the police came, they caught hold of the driver and asked about the incident. Later, we came to know that the driver was drunk. The police detained him and went to the hospital for a statement. Fortunately, the driver was declared out of danger. The doctors dressed his wounds and informed that he was still in shock.

That incident made me realize how precious our lives are. In addition, as to how we take it for granted. We must all be very careful when on road, on foot or by a car that does not matter. We can adopt measures that will prevent road accidents.

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Road Accident Prevention

We need to prevent road accidents to decrease the death rate. Every year thousands of people lose their lives to road accidents. Children must be taught from an early age about traffic rules. They must be taught the value of life and how they can safeguard it.

Moreover, the government must pass more stringent laws for people who disobey traffic rules. They must fine people heavily or take strict action when found guilty of breaking these laws irrespective of gender.

Similarly, parents must set an example for the younger ones by not using phones while driving. Also, they must always wear their helmets and seatbelts to avoid the chances of an accident.

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Highway accidents are no accident in Nepal

• BREAKING: Seven people were killed and 30 injured when a bus collided with a parked truck on the East-West Highway in Banke at 9pm on Friday night.
• A Beni-bound bus veered off the Prithivi Highway on 23 August and plunged into the Trisuli River, killing eight passengers and injuring many more (pictured above). 
• Less than 24 hours later a bus carrying Indian pilgrims from Kathmandu to Janakpur swerved off the road in Bara district, killing seven passengers.
• A week earlier a jeep heading towards Butwal was hit by a rockslide in Palpa. Three people were killed.
• On 3 September, a jeep heading to Mugu from Jumla fell off the road, and rolled 300m down the steep mountainside. The driver and a passenger were killed. 

These deadly accidents all took place within a fortnight across Nepal, and do not include pedestrians killed by vehicles. They have become so frequent that the mishaps do not even make headlines anymore. 

Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs) take more lives annually in Nepal than floods, landslides, plane crashes, and other accidents and natural disasters combined.

A total of 2,320 people lost their lives in road traffic accidents between April 2022 and April 2023, while 28,856 people were injured, many of them impaired for life.  

In that same time frame, floods killed 19 people and injured 17, while landslides took the lives of 96 people and injured 88. There were two aircraft accidents in that period that killed 79 passengers and crew.  

Most RTA are concentrated in the Kathmandu Valley and the Tarai, where urbanisation and better quality roads and expressways have led to over-speeding and reckless driving. But in accidents in the rural mountains it is usually the poor condition of the roads that is the main factor.  

Read also: Dying to travel , Editorial

Nepal’s topography and weather make it difficult to build and maintain roads. Highways and rural roads wrap around mountains, traverse cliffs, follow narrow river gorges. Entire sections of Nepal’s arterial highways are in a permanent state of disrepair during the monsoon, like the landslide-prone Mugling-Narayanghat Highway. 

Poor highway engineering is a major factor in deadly accidents, says transport expert Chandra B Shrestha, now a consultant with the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank. The rockslide in Palpa, he notes, was caused by an inability to properly stabilise the slope.

“Most accidents happen when the curves on the road and the speed of vehicles do not match,” adds Shrestha. “We also have a lot of blind spots along our highways which makes driving difficult.”  

Nepal’s motorable roads are classified into Strategic Road Networks, which include major highways under the purview of the Department of Roads, and Local Road Networks which are built and maintained by local governments. 

While the main highways have to follow engineering parameters to be approved for construction, local roads are built without adequate engineering, making them more dangerous. 

“Local governments have taken charge of the construction of rural roads without fulfilling any of the required technical criteria,” says transport expert Madhu Sudan Acharya, adding that they are built without an understanding of road geometry or slope geology. 

Read also: Deadly Dasain on Nepal’s highways , Nepali Times

Shrestha agrees that rural road networks are not only sub-engineered , but are being dug across fragile slopes by excavators at breakneck speed on a massive scale without oversight. “Such roads have become death traps,” he warns.

Political interference and collusion between local contractors and their governments (in many cases the same person) to haphazardly build roads near private property has not helped matters.

Some major highways face similar problems. The Nepal Road Standard 2013 stipulates that highways, feeder roads, and district roads must have a Total Right of Way of 50m, 30m, and 20m respectively, but that rule has not been followed.  

As land value increases, encroachment along Prithivi, Siddhartha and Arniko Highways by buildings is rampant and that increases the chances of human-vehicle collisions.

“Nepal’s highway network does not have Right of Way, and the concept is not even discussed during the construction of projects,” says Shrestha. “There should be extensive study into the road and land-use interface, and guidelines must be followed.”

Yet, driver negligence and poor vehicle maintenance play a bigger role in road accidents than climate, weather, or the way Nepal’s highways are constructed. Reckless driving on poorly built roads then turn things deadly.

Read also: Nepal’s deadly roads take their toll , Gopal Gartaula

Acharya is part of a seven-member task force created by the Ministry of Physical Infrastructure and Transport earlier this year to study vehicular pollution, safety and accident reduction.

He says, “Nepal’s highways would be much safer if drivers were properly trained or if vehicles were better maintained. But they have little understanding of highway traffic rules, reading signage or basic mechanical knowledge.” 

The Land Transportation agency has also been lax in licensing and training drivers, especially those who seek to operate trucks, buses and long-haul four-wheelers. Fines for speeding and other traffic infractions, especially for two-wheelers, have not brought down the fatality rate. Motorcycles cause most of the road accidents in Kathmandu Valley and the Tarai. 

In a recent example in Kathmandu, two people died and several were injured when a speeding bus collided with a Bolero as it swerved to avoid a motorbike coming from the opposite direction. 

“Nepal’s existing road safety practices and protocols make it pretty clear that transport management authority is unable to govern properly, and needs massive overhaul,” Shrestha explains. 

Acharya adds: “The result is that the wrong people are behind the wheel.”  

Read also: 6 years of road traffic accidents , Sunir Pandey

Treating trauma

A motorcycle was hit by a car along the East-West Highway one recent evening, and the driver was writhing on the road, bleeding profusely. 

Bystanders gathered, taking videos of the injured man with their mobiles to post on TikTok. No one helped for fear of being involved. Police took an hour to arrive. The driver bled to death while being taken to hospital.

In a similar case, a motorcyclist was hit by a car on his way to work and he felt pain in his arms, legs, and neck but it did not seem too severe. Bystanders gathered and carried him to hospital on their back. 

Well-meaning as they were, they were not trained in handling the injured. The patient was eventually examined by Raju Dhakal of the Spinal Injury Rehabilitation Centre in Sanga, but the rescue attempt itself worsened the trauma and he will now suffer life-long physical complications. 

Trauma care is inaccessible to a larger number of Nepalis as the road network expands across the country. Specialised surgery and emergency treatment are centralised in Kathmandu or main cities, and the cost of rescue, ambulance, airlifting and treatment are too costly for most.

But even at hospitals, there is a lack of trained rescue and emergency first responders, which means untrained bystanders step in and inadvertently make injuries worse. 

Read also: Nepal’s other pandemic: road fatalities , Anita Bhetwal

“There is a weakness in the life-saving mechanism that brings patients from accident sites to hospitals, and there are not many trained emergency responders,” says Dhakal. “Even not-critical injuries become life-threatening because police and rescuers do not reach accident sites on time.” 

Traffic authority Sitaram Hachhethu agrees that the role of traffic police and police personnel in case of road accidents on highways is limited to reaching the site which itself takes time due to distance and road conditions, adding to the number of casualties. 

Moreover, the police do not even have proper equipment to rescue those who have been in accidents, such as metal and seat cutters. Says Hachhethu: “We use whatever we have to get them out, all the while not knowing the protocol of rescuing an injured person.”

He adds: “90% of RTA deaths would be prevented if we had proper emergency and first response services and trained medical professionals on standby. Until then traffic police, police and rescue personnel need to be trained to provide first aid and basic emergency medical care.”

The state needs to identify which hospitals are primary, secondary, or tertiary to help doctors to direct trauma patients to relevant hospitals. That way, first responders can triage so that the resources of tertiary hospitals can be directed towards the critical patients. Additionally, basic first aid and emergency training can also be provided at the local levels so that people seeking to help accident victims have a basic knowledge of what to do and what not to do.

Read also: Highways of death , Sunir Pandey

A 2023 study by the Emergency Department of the College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital over a six-month period from January to June 2022 revealed that 9.58% of the 7,654 patients had been admitted to the emergency unit for Road Traffic Accidents, and 65% of the cases had occurred along highways.

The study in the Journal of the Nepal Medical Association found that 38% of total patients admitted for RTA had soft tissue injuries, while 31% had suffered head injuries.

The situation is dire in the remoter parts of Nepal where medical facilities are few and far between, and the roads are all sub-standard. At Achham’s Bayalpata Hospital , orthopaedic surgeon Mandeep Pathak has seen an increase in mass casualties from bus and tractor accidents.

“Hospitals along highways need trauma centres and ICUs so serious patients do not need to be referred to the city,” Pathak says, adding that many do not survive the long bumpy journeys in poorly equipped ambulances.  

People are also not aware that the healing process does not end after hospital treatment. Rehabilitation is just as crucial to ensuring there are no long-term complications. 

Says Dhakal: “Deaths, critical injuries and long-term disabilities can be prevented provided emergency services and trained professionals reach accident sites on time, identify what level of care victims require, and there is rehabilitation after hospital treatment.”  

Read also: Road kill , Duncan Maru

Shristi Karki

Shristi Karki is a correspondent with Nepali Times. She joined Nepali Times as an intern in 2020, becoming a part of the newsroom full-time after graduating from Kathmandu University School of Arts. Karki has reported on politics, current affairs, art and culture.

• highway accidents
• road engineering

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Grade 8 (Unit 18) Road accidents in Nepal: Are poor roads solely to blame? (Reading I)

Reading I (page 227)

Road accidents in Nepal: Are poor roads solely to blame?

A. Complete the sentences with the correct words given below.

[perspective, witnessed, congestion, infrastructure, ordeal, coordination]

a. A car hit a boy. People ………………. the accident.

b. The earthquake destroyed the ………………. of the building.

c. Excessive number of motorbikes and violation of traffic rules cause traffic ……………

d. As we judge others from our ………………., we fail to understand their problems.

e. Good ………………. among the staff flourishes a healthy relationship.

f. Anusha looks sad as she faced a/an ……………….

a. A car hit a boy. People witnessed the accident.

b. The earthquake destroyed the infrastructure of the building.

c. Excessive number of motorbikes and violation of traffic rules cause traffic congestion .

d. As we judge others from our perspective , we fail to understand their problems.

e. Good coordination among the staff flourishes a healthy relationship.

f. Anusha looks sad as she faced a/an ordeal .

B. Answer these questions.

a. According to the writer, who do we curse for road accidents?

b. Why are motorbikes popular in Nepal?

c. Why should parents and educational institutions monitor youngsters?

d. What measures should be taken to stop drink-driving?

e. What is the main cause of road accidents in your opinion?

a. According to the writer, we curse the government, those in power and those responsible for poor road construction of roads for road accidents.

b. Motorbikes are popular in Nepal due to their lower cost and ability to maneuver through traffic congestion.

c. Parents and educational institutions should monitor youngsters to ensure that they exhibit discipline, experience, and maturity.

d. Measures to stop drink-driving should include strict punishment for offenders, awareness campaigns, and increased enforcement.

e. In my opinion, the main cause of road accident is that negligence of driver, lack of discipline and poor infrastructure.

C. What measures can be taken to maximise road safety in Nepal? Discuss.

Improving road safety in Nepal is crucial for the well-being of its citizens and visitors. To enhance road safety in Nepal, it is essential to implement education and awareness campaigns, strengthen law enforcement, enforce penalties for violations, and increase police presence on roads. The plan involves investing in road infrastructure, enforcing vehicle safety standards, improving public transportation options, and strengthening emergency services and medical facilities. It also emphasizes the importance of pedestrian-friendly infrastructure, ensuring vehicle safety, expanding public transportation options, and enhancing emergency response services.

In the same way enhancing driver training and licensing, promoting community involvement in road safety initiatives, and integrating technology such as traffic cameras and GPS to monitor and penalize offenders, fostering a sense of shared responsibility for road safety are also important measures to maximise road safety.

Regular research and data analysis can identify high accident rates in Nepal, allowing for targeted interventions. A holistic approach involving government agencies, law enforcement, communities, and individuals is crucial for a safer road environment.

Grammar I – [Subject Verb Agreement]

A. Choose the correct words from the brackets to complete the sentences.

a. My uncle and aunt .......... to my house every Friday. (come/comes)

b. There.......... time to watch the movie. (is/are)

c. My friends who are in the band .......... me to play a musical instrument. (wants/want)

d. Everyone.......... time to relax. (needs/need)

e. Your trousers.......... new. (looks/look)

f. Some of the books on the shelf .......... missing. (is/are)

g. One of my friends....... living in that house. (was/were)

h. One hundred rupees....... not enough for me. (is/are)

i. Five kilometres.......... a long distance to travel. (is/are)

j. You or he .......... responsible for that job. (is/are)

k. Linguistic......................... favourite subject. (is/are)

a. My uncle and aunt come to my house every Friday.

b. There is time to watch the movie.

c. My friends who are in the band want to play a musical instrument.

d. Everyone needs time to relax.

e. Your trousers look new.

f. Some of the books on the shelf are missing.

g. One of my friends is living in that house.

h. One hundred rupees is enough for me.

i. Five kilometers is along distance to travel.

j. You or he is responsible for that job.

k. Linguistics is her favorite subject

Do you think extracurricular activities are important for students? Write an essay giving your opinions. Divide the essay into the following parts.

The Importance of Extracurricular Activities for Students

Extracurricular activities are crucial for students' holistic development, providing opportunities to explore interests, build life skills, and foster community. They enhance skills like teamwork, leadership, communication, time management, and problem-solving. These activities expose students to challenges, discover strengths and weaknesses, and teach the importance of balance in life.

Extracurricular activities offer students a social platform, fostering connections and friendships. Schools provide numerous options, allowing students to explore their passions, making their educational experience more fulfilling and aiding informed career decisions. Participation in extracurricular activities provides students with a platform to develop and enhance a diverse set of skills. Whether engaged in sports, arts, or clubs, students learn teamwork, leadership, communication, time management, and problem-solving skills. Extracurricular activities offer students the chance to step out of their comfort zones, take on challenges, and discover their strengths and weaknesses. Engaging in extracurricular activities teaches students the importance of balance in life.

In summary, extracurricular activities form the basis of a comprehensive education. They enhance students' entire educational experience by giving them chances for sociability, personal development, and skill enhancement. The promotion and funding of extracurricular activities become crucial in assisting students in developing into competent, self-assured, and well-rounded people as long as educational establishments like schools and colleges continue to emphasize the significance of holistic development. Thus, building a strong extracurricular environment is essential to our children's overall education—it isn't just an option.

(My special thanks to Kanchan Chaudhary of Khairahani Secondary School for preparing this material.)

For the next part CLICK HERE .

For unit seventeen CLICKHERE .

For unit nineteen CLICK HERE.

For Grade 6 CLICK HERE .

For Grade 7 CLICK HERE .

For Grade 8 CLICK HERE .

For Grade 9 CLICK HERE .

For Grade 10 CLICK HERE .

For Grade 11 CLICK HERE .

For Grade 12 CLICK HERE .

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Research Article on Road Accidents in context of Nepal

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This paper discusses the current state of accidents with reference to variety of factors. Of years 2068 to 2076, secondary data was picked up from Kathmandu's metropolitan traffic police division. Trend and Statistical Analysis has been used. Seasonal indices has been calculated to examine time-effect on accidents rate. Numerous element were responsible to road accidents that contributes to the occurrence of accidents in its own way, and there may be many additional situation-specific factors untapped. However, the bulk of road traffic accidents have been seen in drivers age between 21 to 40, types of vehicles reported on accidents were motorcycles, scooters, tractors, and tempos, and , time between the hours of 6 p.m. and 12 a.m. Similarly, male pedestrians and motorcyclists/scooters had a higher rate of fatality. The hours of 12 p.m. to 6 p.m. had 17.8 percent more accidents than average, and the hours of 6 p.m. to 12 a.m. had a 68.15 percent higher chance of an accident.

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Global number of deaths due to road accident recorded is 1.35 million people each year and became the 8th leading cause of death globally and 3 times higher deaths rate in low income than in high income countries. Also 1st cause of death among children aged 5-14 and among young adults aged 15-29 with an average rate of 27.5 deaths per 100,000 populations and in every 24 seconds someone dies on the road. Nepal recorded 13,366 road-traffic accidents in the fiscal year 2018/19 resulting 2,789 fatalities, 4376 serious injuries and 10,360 minor injuries. Road Safety became a critical theme and number of deaths on the roads remains unacceptably high. Road Traffic Accident (RTA) related fatalities and injuries continue to be an important morbidity and mortality problem. Human factors, Road conditions, Vehicle conditions became the major causes of road crashes. Within SASEC countries, the accident rate is in increasing trend except a little improvement in Maldives. Education, Engineering an...

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As per the official statistics provided by the Nepal Police, Traffic Directorate crash rate in Nepal in the year 2009/10 was 11,747. The situation has further worsened in recent years than before. Traffic fatalities increased by 97.27% from 2001 to 2010 which is incomparable with the industrialized nations where the traffic fatalities were reduced by halves in last 30 years although the vehicle numbers on those countries are increasing tremendously. In Nepal, the increase on death toll from vehicle crashes is also partly contributed from the increased on the vehicle population and Road length. The total vehicle population in Nepal increased from 106,994 in BS 2048 to 1,178,911 in BS 2068. About 10835 km strategic road networks and 42000 km rural road networks has been built in the country. Currently, Nepal does not have any long term roadway safety action plan with measurable targets to reduce the vehicle crashes. But the Road and Traffic Unit, Department of Road has started for the preparation of Nepal Road Safety Action Plan (2011 – 2020) and expected this will represent the Nepal’s national action plan on road safety. Besides, there are lots of areas where both the government and private sector should focus for the overall improvement on safety. Some of areas that need to improve are: auditing on road safety each year, provision of sufficient traffic signs, controlling vehicles and vehicles loads at different categories of roads, effective implementation of driving under influence, conducting refresher training courses for the drivers by establishing model driving training school, quality of helmet, provision for safe crossing, disabled people friendly curve ramp , and finally proper coordination among the agencies working on it.

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Renewing Our Commitment to Road Safety in Nepal

Hartwig schafer.

During my visits to Nepal, I often walked through the busy streets of Kathmandu or looked out the plane window and marveled at the sight of Nepal’s magnificent hills, with roads winding across them. And while I always admire the beauty of the country, I also reflect on the perilous journey that Nepalis face on the road every day.  

Nepal has one of the highest rates of road deaths in South Asia  . In 2019 alone, there were nearly 13,000 highway and road accidents with more than 2,700 deaths and 10,000 serious injuries. Road crash deaths and injuries in Nepal have been on a sharp upward trajectory since the early 2000s, as the country invested in increasing road connectivity and economic growth boosted vehicle ownership. 

The road safety crisis is a growing global epidemic and Nepal is no exception. 

A Threat to Development

Apart from the enormous human toll, road safety has a major economic impact. A study by the World Bank in Nepal showed that the economic cost of road traffic injuries has increased threefold since 2007 and is equivalent to 1.5% of the gross national product. 

Road crashes also have a devastating and disproportionate impact on the poor. More than 70% of all road fatality victims in Nepal are vulnerable road users like pedestrians, cyclists, and motorcyclists.  The loss of income and medical expenses from a crash can thrust a family into deep poverty.

Despite the recent COVID-19 lockdowns in Nepal, the number of road-related accidents does not seem to have reduced substantially.  At a time when medical resources are already stretched to the limit by the pandemic, road crash injuries further burden the nation’s overstretched healthcare system.

Road safety is clearly not just a transportation challenge. It is a development challenge with strong impact on health, human capital, and economic growth, and we need to act urgently to address these challenges.

Going forward, the government needs to urgently enact the Road Safety Bill, and fully empower the National Road Safety Council.

The Road Ahead to Safety

The Government of Nepal has already taken many positive steps toward ensuring safer roads. Recently, the government revived the functioning of the inter-departmental National Road Safety Council (NRSC) led by the Ministry of Physical Infrastructure and Transport (MoPIT) as the apex body for road safety in the country. These efforts have been strengthened through an updated Road Safety Action Plan and a comprehensive National Road Safety Bill, under consideration in the Parliament.

Going forward, the government needs to urgently enact the Road Safety Bill, and fully empower the National Road Safety Council to have ownership of the road safety agenda. 

Nepal also needs to invest in safe system-based interventions.  This includes designing safer roads, improving vehicle standards, deterrence-based traffic enforcement and encouraging positive road user behavior. This will require bringing together different agencies responsible for road safety including transport, infrastructure, traffic police, health and emergency care, and education.

Another key priority will be to ensure adoption of critical standards and regulations and make them at par with global best practices. For example, helmets are one of the most important protective devices when it comes to road safety, given that more than a third of all road crash victims in Nepal are motorcyclists. 

While helmet usage by riders has become increasingly common especially in urban areas, pillion rider usage is very rare. The market is also flooded with uncertified helmets that do not meet international standards. With the adoption of the road safety law, newer standards which comply with UN recommendations can be uniformly applied across the country yielding huge safety benefits.

As part of our long-standing partnership with MoPIT, we have launched an advocacy campaign to engage Nepali youth on road safety issues including safe helmet use. As those most affected by this crisis, it is crucial that youth are informed, engaged, and active in pushing for road safety. 

We’ve also joined hands with the UN Special Envoy for Road Safety Jean Todt, the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), and Nepal Automobile Sports Association to launch the FIA Safe and Affordable helmet program to promote awareness of UN-standard helmets that are affordable and certified.  

We are helping Nepal build safe infrastructure, providing technical assistance, and building capacity to help achieve its road safety goals. 

Progress is Possible, with Cooperation

With commitment and innovative thinking, saving lives on the road is possible  . The Ministry of Physical Infrastructure and Transport has embraced road safety as an integral pillar to improve accessibility.

The World Bank remains committed to working closely with the government to help achieve the SDG target of reducing road crash deaths by half by 2030. We are helping Nepal build safe infrastructure, providing technical assistance, and building capacity to help achieve its road safety goals.  

In 2016, a World Bank project with support from a UK Aid grant administered by the Global Road Safety Facility, installed 73,000 meters of road crash barriers along high-risk sections of 700 km of mountainous roads in Nepal. This intervention won the 2020 Prince Michael International Award for Effective Delivery of Global Road Safety and is expected to save up to 3,500 lives over the next 20 years. 

Recently, through World Bank support, sections of the Siddhartha Highway were upgraded to include sidewalks and speed-calming to provide safe access to pedestrians and cyclists from adjoining village communities.   The government has also improved its crash data management capacity with the development of an online Road Accident Information Management System currently piloted in Kathmandu valley.    

However, the road safety battle cannot be won alone. Addressing these challenges will take the collective action of all stakeholders including the government, the international development partners, the private sector, civil society, and road users themselves. As Nepal embraces federalism, it will also be important to coordinate with local governments to ensure road safety is a common priority 

With the necessary investments, strong political commitment, coordinated interventions, and collective action, we can take the high road to safety in Nepal and save countless lives.

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Former Vice President, South Asia Region, World Bank

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