urban design presentation

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• Prof. Susan Silberberg

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• Urban Studies and Planning
• Architecture

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• Architectural Design
• Environmental Design
• Urban Planning

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Introduction to urban design and development, lecture notes.

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Urban Design Powerpoint Template

URBAN DESIGN

Transcript: A team of architects, which includes Guillermo Hevia García, Jose Tomas Rodriguez and Nicolas Urzua, have won the International Competition of Ideas to transform a former prison space in Talca, Chile, into a public space and arena.Espacio Talca takes an emptied Chilean prison and turns it into a viable public space for arts, sports, politics, and retail. The winning proposal was created by a team of architects that includes Guillermo Hevia García, Jose Tomas Rodriguez and Nicolas Urzua, and beat out over 100 entries in the International Competition of Ideas. URBAN DESIGN GIZEM GULSAN PROF:HAGIT PINCOVICI URBAN ACUPUNCTURE ESPACIO TALCA The project will clean and rehabilitate the prison and its land. The perimeter will be perforated with cheerful circles to make it welcoming, and landscaping will bring shade and green space to the site. A large, sturdy floor will be installed to accommodate the requirements of the various events, and an underground parking level will be built beneath. Overall, Espacio Talca aims to generate economic, social, and cultural benefits for the region’s inhabitants. Called Espacio Talca, the project will involve punching circular holes in the exterior wall, paving the interior and creating a platform around the perimeter.The venue will be used for concerts, political and sporting events, and will incorporate an underground car park.

URBAN DESIGN!

Transcript: Can you think of another Canadian case in which contaminated or unclean drinking water has been an issue? How might urban design play a part in this? How Will Corrective Actions Help? Symptoms include: severe stomach cramps, diarrhea, vomiting and fever 15% of the young and the elderly who get sick develop hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) Symptoms tend to last longer for children (about 3 weeks) than adults (1 week or less) Pregnant women are at high risk of developing serious complications Walkerton, Ontario --> May 2000 Heavy rainfall --> surface runoff E.coli contamination of a well 7 dead, hundreds hospitalized, thousands affected Urban design behind well location and run off risk was not properly planned and thought through Marisa Quintal Lindsey Soon Ellise Truong Adam Vassallo Aside from water systems, what do you think is the most important urban design factor to consider? Ontario government and City Council Municipal water managers Regional health organizations Land developers Discussion Question http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/inside-walkerton-canada-s-worst-ever-e-coli-contamination-1.887200 http://www.cela.ca/article/water-sustainability http://marksw.blog.yorku.ca/2010/05/17/reflections-on-the-walkerton-disaster-%E2%80%93-10-years-later/ https://www.marsdd.com/news-and-insights/from-tragedy-to-tech-flagship-the-walkerton-clean-water-centre/ https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jessica_Sontrop/publication/23960174_Factors_that_led_to_the_Walkerton_tragedy/links/56b7998f08aebbde1a7e01d0.pdf?origin=publication_detail http://www.ryerson.ca/~awelling/documents/Wellington_Walkerton_Chronology.pdf http://www.waterandhealth.org/drinkingwater/fiveyears.html design by Dóri Sirály for Prezi Public Utilities Commission (PUC) Employees and managers Public health authorities Ministry of the Environment (MOE) Urban design planners How Did It Arise? Sources What is the Problem? Improper practices and systematic fraudulence by public utility operators Recent privatization of municipal water testing Absence of criteria governing quality of testing Lack of proper urban design strategies to support heavy rainfall and/or well issues Who Needs to Be Involved? Who and What is Responsible? What are the Health Implications? What Needs to Happen? Discussion What would be your first course of action to handle the Walkteron outbreak? Environmental assessment Adequate training Daily monitoring Urban Design Multiple protection barriers Investment into municipal water systems Consider natural landscape & prior surroundings when planning Who & What is Affected By It? Estimated 2,300 people became seriously ill and seven died Infections occur among people of all ages Symptoms are more likely to be severe among very young and the elderly Pregnant women and people with weakened immune system are also at high risk Potlotek First Nation, Cape Breton Discussion: Walkerton Clean Water Centre Safe Drinking Water Act Source Protection Urban Design: Walkerton, Ontario Case Study

Urban Design

Transcript: Urban Design Plot D: Re-Imagined Journey within an Urban Farm Concept Rama Taha - 1059186 Diana Enab - 1057895 Description Brief Program Description Brief Brief Our proposal design for Site D, in area E25, aims to create public realm that will enhance the user comfort through creating a new experience that takes the user into a journey. The design deals with walkability and accessibility along with environmental solutions such as urban farming. These design elements aim to enhance the social connections and promote a healthy life style for the benefits of individuals and government. Program - Part 1 Program Part 1 Program- Part 2 Program Part 2 Program - Part 3 Program Part 3 Urban Farming Concept Components Research Hydroponics Winter House Gardening Green Facades Green Roofs Preserving Current local Trees Hydroponics: Definition Hydroponics Herbs Units Reference Local Implementation : Aero Fresh Farm Crops Grown at Aero Fresh Farm Hydroponics Definition Hydroponics Definition • Hydroponics, the process of using a nutrient-rich water solution to sustain plants without the need for soil. • New way of growing that put less pressure on the planet’s natural resource. • Plants grown using the hydroponic method might have their roots suspended in the air and then sprayed with a solution mist or placed in glass for support and flooded with the solution. Hydroponics Herbs Hydroponics Herbs • Basil • Parsley • Sage • Coriander • Oregano • Rosemary • Mint • Dill • Thyme • Chives • Chamomile Units Reference The Green Wall: Vertical Farming Reimagined farm project by NYU. Aero Fresh Farms Aero Fresh Farm • Aero Fresh Farm LLC is a UAE-based company introducing vertical farming along with aeroponics & hydroponics. • It allows eradicating the need of pesticides & herbicides while reducing the water consumption when compared to conventional soil-based farming. • Expandable, reproducible, and scalable Crops Grown at Aero Fresh Farm 1 Crops Grown at Aero Fresh Farm 1 Crops Grown at Aero Fresh Farm 2 Crops Grown at Aero Fresh Farm 2 Strategic Planning Strategic Planning Links to Existing Site 1 Links to Existing Site 2 Project Drawings Plans (2) Section Shots (5) Project Drawings Ground Floor Plan First Floor Plan Section A-A Scale 1:150 Shot 1 Shot 2 Shot 3 Shot 4 Shot 5

Transcript: K Z X 4 S 5 e e Urban Design G Rahaf Almalki Fatima Mubarak Heba Osman Asma Alsuwaiji h W Principles for Urban Design Influential Planning and Design Movements Universal Design New Urbanisim New Urbanisim Well-connected network of streets Urban plan of Tokyo, Japan. Satellite view of the Champs-Elysees, Paris. Uptown Mirdif, Dubai. Walkable neighborhood Sustainable Design Sustainable Design Urban and rural planning Smart Growth Smart Growth Preserving treasured landscapes, agriculture, and other rural industries, natural open space… Universal Design Visualizing Urban Design Visualizing Urban Design Physical Modeling Aerial Views Eye-level Views Digital Hybrid Media Plans Plans Illustrative Plan Patch (Illustrative plans are often created by several urban designers) Proposed Building Types Open Space Framework Parking Plan Sections Sections Block Street Elevations Elevations Elevations drawn during the urban design phase begin the discussion about architectural language and the relationship between the specific project and the surrounding city. Computer Modeling Computer Modeling Model with computer Model with mix reality Physical Modeling The model enables everyone to participate in the design of their community and understand what's going on Assembling information constructing the view preliminaray Development final drawing final color final scaning and printing Perspective Illustration Perspective illustration example Street view illustration of urban residential area with overground metro line Aerial Views Visualizing Planning Concepts for a Small Town Eye-level Views eye level sketching views Digital Hybrid Media Urban Park of Palouriotissa Architecture for Urbanism Architecture for Urbanism Principles and Application UDA'S Process for creating Architectural Design Each city has its own unique image & tradition , expressed through the character of it public spaces. Architectural characteristics are an important part of what makes cities liveable, unique , and delightful . Evolution of Urban Architecture Evolution of urban Architecture Architecture of the building itself Building Placement It is important to consider the surrounding to place the building . Burj khalifa, Dubai Urban buildings are often the most successful when the architecture responds to the surrounding . Guggenheim Museum, New York Principles and Application Embrace Sustainable Design Techniques and Strategies Shape Spaces Connect the interior and the exterior COMMUNITIES EVOVLVE IN RESPONSE TO MANY FACTORS INCLUDING ECONOMIC FORCES , GEOGRAPHIC & CULTURAL INFLUENCES, DESIGN TRENDS, AND INVIRONMENTAL CONTEX. UDA follows a set of principles that keep the architectural practice rich, engaging , and applicable to modern life Respond to local context 1. Respond to local context Paris Amsterdam 2. Embrace sustainable design techniques and practices Masdar city , Abu dhabi sustainable design techniques 3. Shape spaces Nørrebro district of Copenhagen 4: Connect the interior and the exterior Kanagawa, Japan UDA'S Process for creating Architectural Design CONCEPTUAL DESIGN : 1-understanding the problem 2- understanding the need of the client and the context 3-developing the principles 4- exploring option and ideas SCHEMATIC DESIGN : DESIGN DEVELOPMENT : 3D URBAN PLANING DESIGN SECTIONS PRICING SCHEDUALE

Transcript: What is the Urban Design? URBAN DESIGN What is the important part about Urban design? Neighborhoods Units Now,we will think our neighborhoods.We can say some think about our neighborhoods.Some parts and elements are common for everybody.These are; Urban design ;is about making connections between people and places,movement and urban form,nature and the built fabric.Urban design draws together the many strands of place-making,environmental stewardship social equity and economic viability into the creation of places with distinct beauty and identity. Neighborhoods units are the most important for Urban life and people..I think neighborhoods create core of urban life.Because people's life activities in their natural habitat or neighborhood are consist of these units. What is neighborhoods unit? All activities,functions and some other parts are part of neighborhoods.My personal view some parts or issues make neighborhood. These issues are; -areas which satisfy the needs of peoples -traffic conditions such as status of road -children and family functions such as parks,school -position of people!s home -etc

Transcript: Urban Design Nurfarhana binti Md Daud Bachelor of Urban and Regional Planning Urban design is the process of designing and shaping the physical features of cities, towns and village and planning for the provision of municipal services to residents and visitors Introduction Introduction Urban design also deals with the large scale of groups such as building , street and landscapes urban design The goals of making urban area more functional, attractive and sustainable Goal Urban planning in urban design is draw together the many strands of place-making, environmental stewardship, social equity and economic viability into the creation of place with distinct beauty and identity Creating a vision for an area and then deploying the resources and skills needed to bring the vision to life Urban Planning Benefit Current Trends Urban design to create sustainable urban environment with long-lasting structures, building and overall livability. Walkable urbanism is another approach to practice that is defined that support sustainable transport. Compact urban neighborhood also encourage residents to driveless Also prevent urban sprawl

urban design

Transcript: How to finance it? slogan? logo? phone number? Re-thinking the bus stops Boredom promptor/ news Feeling of wasting one's time How to finance it? To make them more: eco-friendly esthetic comfortable pleasant convenient Main problems dessin needed for the A3-thing partnership with municipalities subscription with navigo pass generous donators (for the books) Redesigning bus stop easy access to all subscibers easy usability protection from vandalism Innovations ideas trademark brevet copyright? But where ? accès à la culture panneaux solaires Access to culture Northern Europe... of course! Redesigning bus stops True books // library system thanks to the bus pass Bad weather novels music news

Transcript: Housing with industry behind Sustainable Urban Design Ralph, Trine, Kim & Ole Walking, biking & collective transport Creative and international Boulevard + housing/shops Sport facilities & school Creative festival area Housing against the mountain Our main sketch Questions? Our vision Our vision - 2 steps analyse - Street network classification - Urban density - Amorphous and homogenous - Kevin Lynch - The function mix model Analysis Thematic maps - Cultural heritage/monuments - Green structure - Social infrastructure - Building density - Road types - Problem areas - Public spaces Different target groups In our vision we create a higher density in the area, what attract different target groups. We create a new attractive and sustainable city area of Bergen, which is open to creative and international views. To reach these aspects the area is shaped for walking, biking and collective transport what makes everything well connected. Higher density Transformation of the Mindemyren area Green park Attractive

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• Architecture
• Urban Design

1. Introduction to Urban Design

• December 2021

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Radial City Plan: Nine Examples Around the World Seen From Above

• Written by Susanna Moreira | Translated by Tarsila Duduch
• Published on November 24, 2020

A radial concentric city plan is formed by streets that extend outward from a defined center and reach the outer edge of the city, together with concentrically arranged roads that connect the radial streets to the lots. This pattern traces back to ancient times and continues even to this day.

Depending on the historical context, location, or purpose of the city planning, the element found in the center may vary. Plazas , churches , or government buildings are among the most common elements and this is no accident, nor is the urban design pattern. Basically, the radial arrangement of streets is intended to highlight a particular element or location that has great political, religious, financial, or symbolic value to the city as a whole.

While there are cities that are entirely planned based on the radial model, others feature a concentric street and avenue scheme only in certain areas, as opposed to the rest of the urban fabric.

This can occur, among many other reasons, because orthogonal plans favor the subdivision of land and plot sales, or because of the constant changes in the urban layout over time.

Discover below some of the cities and neighborhoods around the world that employ radial and concentric arrangements.

Brøndby Haveby (Denmark)

Arc de Triomphe (Paris, France)

Rotonda West (United States)

Al Falah Housing Project (Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates)

Discovery Bay (United States)

Place de la Nation (Paris, France)

The Pearl-Qatar (Doha, Qatar)

Plaza Del Ejecutivo (Mexico City, Mexico)

Jumeirah Islands (Dubai, United Arab Emirates)

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Urban Design

Nov 19, 2014

821 likes | 2.17k Views

Shireen Abdelrahman. Definitions and Objectives. Urban Design. Lecture 1. Why good urban design?. Good urban design is essential if we are to produce attractive, high-quality, sustainable places in which people will want to live, work and relax.

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Presentation Transcript

Shireen Abdelrahman Definitions and Objectives Urban Design Lecture 1

Why good urban design? Good urban design is essential if we are to produce attractive, high-quality, sustainable places in which people will want to live, work and relax. It is fundamental to our objective of an urban renaissanceالنهضة الحضرية . We do not have to put up with shoddyرديئة, unimaginative and second-rate buildings and urban areas. There is a clamorضوضاء for better designed places which inspire and can be cherishedالتي يمكن ان تكون مصدر الهام , places where vibrant communities can grow and prosperالأماكن التي يمكن ان تكون مجتمعات حيوية . To achieve this we need to effect a culture change, and this guide is designed to help this process

Why Good Urban Design?

Urban design, Definitions Urban design is the art of making places for people. It includes the way places work and mattersشئون حياتهمsuch as community safety, as well as how they look. It concerns the connections between people and places, movement and urban form, nature and the built fabricالنسيج الحضري , and the processes for ensuringضمان successful villages, towns and cities. Urban design is a key to create sustainable developments and the conditions for a flourishing economic lifeازدهار الحياة الاقتصادية, for the prudent useالاستخدام الرشيد of natural resources and for social progress. Good design can help create lively places with distinctive characterطابع مميز; streets and public spaces that are safe, accessible, pleasant to use and human in scale; and places that inspireتلهم because of the imagination and sensitivity of their designers.

Urban design There are many benefits to be gained from thinking coherently مترابطabout the way places are designed. Some are the traditional concerns of good planning, others are relatively new. For example, ‘Secured by Design’ promoted by the Association of Chief Police Officers has prompted greater attention to designing out crime and the fear of crime. More recently, the Urban Task Force led by Lord Rogers underlined the importance of good urban design to an urban renaissance. The Task Force’s vision of towns and cities as places of opportunity and sustainable growth is largely founded on design excellence.

Urban design Urban design does not just concern one profession or interest group. This was underlined in 1998 when five professional institutes came together with other organizations and set up the Urban Design Allianceتحالف, finding a common purpose in working across their individual disciplinesالعثور على الهدف المشترك في العمل عبر تخصصاتهم الفردية. These professions town planners, landscape architects, surveyors, architects and civil engineers can all be powerful influences for better urban design.

Urban design As the Urban Task Force pointed out, the best way to promote successful and sustainable regeneration, conservation and place-making is to think about urban design from the start of the planning and development process. Leaving urban design until the end can make the planning process slow, frustrating and a source of wasteful conflict, and is unlikely to lead to the best outcome in terms of quality. محبطة ومصدرا من مصادر الصراع العقيم ، وليس من المرجح أن يؤدي إلى نتائج أفضل من حيث النوعية.

Place - Making Successful urban design requires a full understanding of the conditions under which decisions are made and development is delivered. Many factors determine or influence the outcome of the design process and the sort of places we make. Success, nowadays, rarely happens by chance. It depends on: • A clear framework provided by development plans and supplementary guidance delivered consistently, including through development control. • A sensitive response to the local context. • Judgments of what is feasible in terms of economic and market conditions. • An imaginative and appropriate design approach by those who design development and the people who manage the planning process. يتسم بسعة الخيال وتصميم المنهج المناسب من جانب أولئك الذين تصميم وتطوير والأشخاص الذين يديرون عملية التخطيط.

Place - Making It is vital حيويto bring these factors together. If policy is not set out clearly for applicants, a proposed development may conflict unwittingly with a local authority’s aspirations for good design. If too little weight is given to feasibility, the development may fail commercially. If too little weight is given to local context, the proposal may be opposed locally. If the design approach is wrong, the site’s opportunities will be missed and poor or mediocre development will result.

Scopeنطاق of Urban Design Urban design has replaced the "civic design”التصميم المدني which dealt primarily with city hallsيتعامل مع ميادين المدينة , museums, streets, boulevardsشارع عريض ملئ بالاشجار, parks and other open spaces since 1960s. However there is not a consensusلا يوجد اجماع علىabout the definition and boundaries of urban design.

Scope of Urban Design Urban Design is, • The process of giving physical design direction to urban growth, conservation, and change • The design of cities - 'a grand design‘تصميم كبير • The interfaceالعلاقة between architecture, landscape and town planning • The complex relationships between all the elements of built and un built space. • The architecture of public space Some theoreticians rather not to describe urban design but to explain what it is not: • It is not land use policy, sign controls, and street lighting districts. • It is not strictly utopian or proceduralليس بالضرورة ان تكون مثالية . • It is not necessarily a plan for downtownوسط المدينة, however architectonic, nor a subdivision regulationلائحة لتفسيم الاراضي.

Role of Urban Design Urban design is generally considered neither a professionمهنة nor a discipline. There is a trend to formulate urban designهناك اتجاها لوضخ التصميم الحضري as the interface between architecture and town planning, or the gap between them. For example, when Kevin Lynch saw urban design as a branch of architectureMichael Southworth on the other hand thought urban design as a branch of urban planning. "It is easier to talk about urban design than to write about it… In between (planning and architecture), but belonging neither to one nor the other, lies the magic world of urban design. We can recognize it by its absence. It is inferredالاستدلال, suggestedالاقتراح, feltالشعور ." Another commentator Jonathan Barnett also recognizes the crucial roleالدور الحاسم of urban design between the urban planning and architecture:

Urban planner, urban designer and architect An urban planner was some one who was primarily concerned with the allocation of resources according to projections of future needتخصيص الموارد تبعا للحاجة في المستقبل. Planners tend to regard land use as a distribution of resources problem, parceling out landتقطيع الارض, for zoning purposes, without much knowledge of its three-dimensional characteristics, or the nature of the building that may be placed on it in the future. The result is that most zoning ordinances and official land use plans produce stereotyped and unimaginative buildings. Architect, on the other hand, designs buildings. A good architect will do all he can to relate the building he is designing to its surroundings, but he has no control over what happens off the property he has been hired to considered.

Urban planner, urban designer and architect There is a substantial middle ground between these professions, and each has some claim to it, but neither fills it very well. Land use planning would clearly be improved if it involved someone who understands three-dimensional design. On the other hand, some one is needed to design the city, not just the buildings. Therefore, there was a need for someone who could be called an urban designer." Undoubtedly urban design cannot stand alone between these three main professions. Urban design is an interdisciplinary concept and should be considered with the other disciplines and professions such as Real Estate Development, Economics, Civil Engineering, Law, Social Sciences and Natural Sciences.

What is an urban designer? A wide variety of people call themselves urban designers. In one sense anyone who is involved in making places is active in urban design: hence the Urban Design Alliance (UDAL) brings together many of the built environment professions. Even if you do a university course in ‘urban design’, exactly what you learn will depend on which university you choose, as on other courses. The various urban design courses have different emphases. It is important to understand that urban design is not an accredited profession. There is no professional body that decides what should be on the curriculum of an urban design course, or what expertise and knowledge you need to be able to practise as an urban designer.

An urban designer needs a broad understanding of cities, towns and villages, and ways of making them work better. This involves understanding how the planning system operates, how developers make their sums add up, how to assess what makes a particular place special, how to make places easy to move around by foot and vehicle, how to bring life to places that have become run down, how to conserve historic buildings, how to make the most of the landscape, how to think about the future of small and large development sites, how to involve local people, how to make sure that projects actually happen, how to communicate effectively, how to negotiate, and how to write design policy and guidance.

That sounds like a lot of subjects! But they are all related, and each explains a bit more about how urban places work. The urban designer is not expected to be an expert on all of them, but it is essential to be able to see the whole picture.

The role of the planning system The planning system provides the means to encourage good design, not just in conservation areas and other attractive places, but everywhere. Securing good design is central to good planning. The appearance of proposed development and its relationship to its surroundings are relevant to the consideration of a planning application and PPG1 makes it clear that local planning authorities should reject poor designs. This guide looks at the ‘tools’ local authorities have available within the planning system to help deliver better design. The most important is the local authority’s development plan. This should set out the design policies against which development proposals will be assessed. This guide considers both what could be included in the plan and how further explanation might be provided in supplementary guidance.

The role of the planning system The development control process is vital. The way it is used determines whether and how the design policies in development plans and supplementary guidance are reflected and applied. The most thoroughly developed design policies will achieve little if they are ignored in the development control process. As stated in PPG1, “applicants for planning permission should be able to demonstrate how they have taken account of the need for good design in their development proposals and that they have had regard to relevant development plan policies and supplementary design guidance”.

THINKING ABOUT URBAN DESIGN Good urban design is rarely brought about by a local authority prescribing physical solutions, or by setting rigid or empirical design standards but by approaches which emphasise design objectives or principles.

Prompts to thinking The objectives are general and should be tailored to the locality. This process can be helped by the series of prompts to thinking about urban design set out in the next section of this guide. The prompts are unfolded under each of the urban design objectives but they are closely related and are not unique to the objective under which they appear. Most importantly, they are prompts not rules. They are not rigid formulae to be followed slavishly. In any real situation, some of these prompts will conflict and some will benefit some people more than others. Good design results from consideration being given to a wide range of concerns and the creative resolution of potential conflicts. For example, the height of a building might need to respond to a general pattern of buildings of no more than three stories, to the potential of high density development for making the most of public transport and creating vitality, to the value of creating a landmark to enhance views, to the need for a sense of enclosure, to the opportunity to enhance safety by natural surveillance, and to the need to avoid overshadowing.

Prompts to thinking Each of these might indicate a different height for the building if they were to be considered separately. In the real world, the planning and design process must lead to a solution that takes all concerns into account. This depends on, first, a judgment of how important each is in the circumstances and, second, design skills capable of rising imaginatively to the demands of a difficult brief. The prompts are followed by pointers to good design. Some prompts can be explained more simply than others, but this does not necessarily mean they are less important. Nor is the list exhaustive: evolving practice and special local conditions will always give rise to new ways of achieving better urban design.

Objectives of urban design Successful streets, spaces, villages, towns and cities tend to have characteristics in common. These factors have been analyzed to produce principles or objectives of good urban design. They help to remind us what should be sought to create a successful place السعي لايجاد مكان ناجح. There is considerable overlap between the objectives and they are mutually reinforcingو يعزز بعضها بعضا

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Urban Design 6. Urban Components: urban transformation and revitalization. Urban transformation and revitalization. Urban renewal is a program of land redevelopment in areas of moderate to high density urban land use

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Sustainable urbanism at a glance

Nico Larco, professor of architecture and urban design at the University of Oregon and director of the Urbanism Next Center, presented the Sustainable Urban Design Handbook on On the Park Bench this week . Ten years in the making, the Handbook published by Routledge this year is organized around the Sustainable Urban Design Framework, a table shown above.

The Handbook , co-authored by Larco and Kaarin Knudson, offers a comprehensive approach to what makes a place sustainable, and how communities can pursue place-based sustainability. Larco explains: “There is a lot of fantastic work in different disciplines that addresses these questions. The problem has been that that work is often siloed—and does not address the impacts one element of urban design has on another element.”

In Larco’s framework, new urbanists will recognize the scales of the Charter of the New Urbanism. The table is organized into actions and policies on the regional, neighborhood, and block/street scale. Larco adds the project/parcel scale, which he explains is the private sector component of the public sector block and street (the Charter combines public and private sector in the block/street/building scale). In other words, the framework is nearly exactly analogous to the Charter in how it treats scale. As Larco explains:

“There has been a lot of great work coming out of the CNU movement that directly impacted the thinking behind the Sustainable Urban Design Framework and the book.  You will see direct and indirect references in the book to the Sprawl Repair Manual, the Smart Growth Manual, Smart Code, and Retrofitting Suburbia, among others.  If you are trying to comprehensively understand sustainability in urban design, you have to understand that there are fundamentally different structures and criteria that exist at different scales—and that these scales are all reliant on each other.”

Most of the resources Larco mentions apply the Rural-to-Urban Transect, and that idea seems to be embedded in parts of the Handbook . For example, stormwater behaves much differently in rural versus urban places, so how it is treated must vary. Here’s one of the slides from his presentation showing stormwater in different Transect locations.

The highly urban locations demonstrate many benefits, particularly if you look at the framework rows for energy use & greenhouse gas , and equity & health . So how can planners compensate for the water disadvantages in the more urban locations? Two answers are compact urban development and trees—a robust urban canopy.

In addition to columns representing scales of urbanism, the framework has five rows, which include water , ecology & habitat , and energy use & production , in addition to the rows already mentioned. The framework is clever in that it allows, at a glance, connections to be made among complex urban policies and physical forms while showing how they relate to one another.

“A walkable, complete street is good, but it really becomes great when it is tied into a robust multimodal network at the regional scale,” he explains. “Transit cannot exist without density at the neighborhood scale. Ecological buffers are most effective when they are tied into a larger ecological network. These things are all related and we need to understand that so that we can be most effective in pushing for more sustainable solutions at the scale we are working in, while advocating for changes, helping create regulations, and/or developing partnerships with other entities that are working at scales we may not control.”

To gather all of these ideas and information on a single table that reveals urbanism relationships is quite an achievement. Larco sees uses for this in coding, comprehensive planning, specific projects, education, and public process. 

“My hope is that this work is helpful as a design tool (helping designers and planners understand what they should be paying attention to and the relationship between different urban design elements), as an evaluation tool (to help understand the existing context, what is working, what is low-hanging fruit, and what is going to require more work and partnerships), and as a stakeholder engagement tool (to help communities prioritize their outcome goals, and understand how those goals translate into actual physical urban design elements).  As was asked in the webinar – I LOVE the idea of this framework helping organize regulation and helping point to gaps or discrepancies in regulation that impede specific urban design elements that are needed to get to desired outcomes.  I am also hopeful that this will help orient students and professionals about the breadth of topics we should be thinking about in sustainable urban design.”

See the whole webinar here .

View the discussion thread.

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2 Issue 2 : Local-Eyes!

Partizaning's first year - an exhibition in December at Vostochnaya Gallery showing a year's worth of projects. (Photo (c) Partizaning)

Partizaning: participatory art, research and creative urban activism

Partizaning leverages artistic interventions in Moscow’s public spaces as tools for social research and transformation, blurring the boundaries between everyday life, urbanism, activism and art.

P artizaning (v): public art practices which strategically challenge, shape, and reinvent urban and social realities.

The last several years have witnessed increased visibility and importance given to DIY cultures and tactical urbanism in cities across the USA, Canada and Europe. This is partially as a response to the financial crisis and limited resources for city maintenance and development, and resistance to the forms of neoliberal urban development. Active, creative citizens have begun to address the inadequacies of government functions, using temporary, creative interventions to suggest alternative realities.

DIY cultures are not new: most recently, they have long existed in Latin America, parts of Asia and in the former USSR (as well as other parts of the world, at different points in time), where capital-led urbanism was not the norm and people lived in circumstances of scarcity. These DIY traditions have demonstrated people’s ingenuity as the best solution in times of necessity; people can invent and deftly make do, especially in the city.

The tactical urbanism movement – led mostly by planners and architects – has built on DIY action in a strategic struggle for bottom up or grassroots urban planning. The same phenomenon is referred to as ‘urban hacking’ in parts of Europe. But what all of these actions share are active resistance and citizen participation in the processes and developments in our cities.

Partizaning’s first documentation exhibition in Amsterdam. (Image (c) Partizaning)

In Russia, we are witnessing a form of strategic, bottom-up urbanism being led by artists who work in the streets and writers, rather than by architects and planners. Creative people are working in public spaces to express themselves and to create dialogues with authorities and with other citizens. In this article I discuss the work I am doing as a member of the project Partizaning, leveraging artistic interventions in public space as a tool for social research and transformation; blurring the boundaries between everyday life, urbanism, activism and art.

Our idea is not to propose a new form of DIY urbanism, but to transform the idea of a top-down, expert planned city into one where residents are active stakeholders in the place they live; a space where they have a right to lead the lives they choose. I explain how we connect the ideas of DIY-ism and participation, as well as how Partizaning is a strategy which is aligned, but different from, tactical urbanism and conventional social art practices by its connection of research and process of creation.

In Context: Urban Planning in Russia

Partizaning’s map of the Moscow Metro which promotes our ideas of affordability, pedestrianism and walkability. (Image (c) Partizaning)

Russian cities are unique, complex entities. Following the revolution in 1917, all Russian land was nationalized and socialized, transferred to State or local authorities. The houses once belonging to the bourgeoisie were divided into accommodation for the proletariat. The collapse of a traditional spatial order required new planning approaches. At the time, ideas of a ‘socialist city’ were debated in terms of the concepts of two groups: the urbanists and dis-urbanists. Dis-urbanists wanted to dissolve the difference between town and country, while Urbanists proposed a contained expansion and planning of existing cities. The Garden City, an idea that flourished in the West, also became a starting point for the Soviet suburb. All this was resolved by the top-down functional and central planning in the form of high-rise apartments with wide-ranging amenities like schools and clinics located nearby. These ‘microrayon’ structures continue to exist today and present just one aspect or challenge of contemporary urban living in Russian cities.

A game about urban tactics which we created and disseminated online and in print. (Photo (c) Partizaning)

After the collapse of the USSR, the country saw the growth of economy and a construction boom as a result of privatization. The Western model of a city and urban development began to take root; but after 20 years of post-Soviet development, most people still live in a reality which created by and for a centrally planned economy. How is this shift to a capital system possible without removing all ideals of social equity?

Reversing urban gentrification with a DIY platform and discussion in Dusseldorf. (Photo (c) Christian Ahlborn)

Russian cities as they now exist are struggling with remnants of Soviet-era urban planning and the development of a neoliberal form of the city. Although highly organized, these plans were not created for people to experience life in the city. Architects and bureaucratic planners promoted ideals like creating social equality through infrastructure and access. But ever since the collapse of the Soviet Union and subsequent privatization of space in the city, there have been many recurring urban issues worldwide, such as traffic, over-consumption and trash generation and resource overuse, each with an environmental impact.

So the idea of a ‘partizan’ re-emerges in this contemporary context of resistance and urban revolution. In Russian, the word means ‘guerrilla’ and the idea we promote is resistance to this form of urban development and engage people in the processes shaping their cities – advocating a sense of creative responsibility. With it, we are seeking to promote a new ideal and a new vision for cities – constructed by and for people, based on their explicit involvement and dialogues. Our work straddles the worlds of art and urbanism: we work in the city and with the public but use artistic venues as just one forum for sharing our ideas.

Partizaning: Participatory Urban Re-planning

The DIY mobile discussion platform to activate abandoned railway tracks in the city. (Photo (c) Partizaning)

The website Partizaning emerged at the end of 2011 as an online project documenting examples of urban interaction and participation, whether social, political, environmental or anything else. Meant to inspire people, we show examples of projects in the public realm as creative achievements of social transformation through DIY and participatory actions. The site is managed by an interdisciplinary group of artists and researchers in two languages, because we realized that the project resonates, not only in Russia but as an idea taking root in cities around the world. So we document projects and people who work with the language of art to transform urban contexts worldwide.

A Public mailbox which we installed in Troparevo Nikulino. (Photo (c) Partizaning)

Part of our goal is to reorient the city around people and their goals and ways of life, rather than around expertise and bureaucracy. We recognize the important role of creativity as commentary and suggestion, while advocating people’s involvement, because residents know the city best and sometimes just need the tools to participate, or to express or converse ideas about it. The problem with how cities have developed is that they are perceived as places of work instead of sites of play and living. If you think of the city as an extension of your home, it is different. You are more willing to plant trees, to clean up trash, to decorate it, to repair it. But this is not an idea that is widely held – people are generally confined to their homes, their cars, and are restricted in public space. Partizaning proposes the idea that unsanctioned repairs and improvements can collectively help to re-create a better city. We have done things like made DIY benches, painted crosswalks and created maps and signs that promote an alternate trajectory for the city.

Scans of the mail received during the Cooperative Urbanism project. (Image (c) Partizaning)

We are motivated by a conflation of art and urbanism and are inspired by the role of the Situationists and of street art and urban interventions which fall into the realm of revolutionary urban and social activism. In Russia and internationally, we engage in participatory processes based on research and culminating in interventions in public space. We think of these interventions more as a process and dialogue. Apart from projects, we try to promote creative grassroots urbanism and participation by giving lectures, presentations and conducting workshops in various cities. We also try to produce a bulletin which is occasionally printed as another format for people to interact with some of our ideas.

Cooperative Urbanism

Public surveys in Amsterdam during the Kunstvlaai Festival. (Photo (c) Partizaning)

In 2012, we did a project based on installing Public Mailboxes in outlying districts of Moscow. An experiment in the idea of collaboration and in the concept of cooperation in the city, we tried to get people to communicate their urban challenges and desires by leaving us anonymous mail. Our goal was to work with the idea of how people could reorganize their city from the bottom up and engage in processes that are generally impenetrable. What we found was that creating unsanctioned and unwatched forums in public space involved children and the elderly, who had varied and different suggestions and ways of using the mailboxes. As part of this project, the mail was scanned and shared with participating municipal authorities who could respond to people’s concerns – but the other part of the project was to encourage people to be the agents of urban change in their own neighbourhoods, particularly if they already knew the problem.

What Should Happen to Sint Nicolaas Lyceum?

In Amsterdam, as part of the Kunstvlaai Festival, we put up large format posters surveying residents in the district under transformation for insights about a building that was going to be demolished. We found people to be apathetic about future changes in their city and wanted to facilitate a public dialogue. This is another way in which we have sought to promote the idea of urban participation in varied contexts.

We are interested in how to facilitate and moderate user-oriented cities, promoting the belief that residents know best what they need and how they should behave in a moderated dialogue with other activists and experts. But one of the concerns and challenges we faces is truly involving overlooked and minorities in the city – voices that remain unheard and invisible, but are part of the urban fabric. In cities like St. Petersburg, Moscow, Amsterdam and Dusseldorf we find that our projects are invariably used by voices that don’t have forums for expression – or become taken over by those who seek to control the socially unaccepted.

Ultimately, as researchers, artists and urbanists, we find ourselves trying to use the language of art as a tool for inquiry to understand urban processes and facilitate a form of participation based on art and ideas of inclusion. To what extent we are successful can be debated, but as an experiment we believe that art in the city has a right to public space and interaction in the same way all urban residents do.

Shriya Malhotra is an urban researcher and intervention artist based in Moscow with Partizaning . She has an MA in Cities and Urbanization from the New School and collaborates on participatory art and process based projects that highlight the unseen or unusual aspects about cities and urban life.