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An iot-based smart home automation system.

1. Introduction

• A unitary and consistent solution that integrates all required features;
• Device provisioning and management;
• The firmware update over the same unique API used by all devices;
• The use of expressions allows intelligent and complex rules to be implemented between various sensors and actuators inside a network;
• Hierarchical master-slave topology that offers flexibility and scalability;
• User data do not leave the premises of the local network, a cloud connection not being needed (for security and privacy reasons);
• The integrated web app works well on all major platforms (both desktop and mobile): Android, iOS, Windows, Linux, or macOS.

2. Materials and Methods

2.1. system architecture and design.

• Device management—general status and configuration of the device;
• Port management—port information and configuration;
• Port values—reading and writing values from and to ports;
• Notifications—event notifications;
• Reverse API calls—API calls via reverse HTTP requests.

2.2. Configuring the Web Application

3. real home case study.

• Controlling the indoor temperature (thermostats and air conditioning (A/C));
• Controlling the lights (on–off);
• Monitoring the power and the energy;
• Controlling the doors—gates, garage door, or both at the same time (open–close);
• Security—the alarm;
• Garden sprinklers.

3.1. Controlling Temperatures and A/C

3.2. controlling the lights, 3.3. energy and power monitoring, 3.4. access control and security, 3.5. controlling the irrigations.

• Upstairs hub—controls lightning and HVAC systems upstairs
• Downstairs hub—controls lighting and temperatures downstairs
• Power hub—in charge with energy and power monitoring
• Garage hub—controls lights, temperature, and access
• Alarm controller—motion monitoring and alarm system control
• Irrigation controller—controls the irrigation system in the garden

4. Discussion and Future Work

Author contributions, institutional review board statement, informed consent statement, conflicts of interest, abbreviations.

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Stolojescu-Crisan, C.; Crisan, C.; Butunoi, B.-P. An IoT-Based Smart Home Automation System. Sensors 2021 , 21 , 3784. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21113784

Stolojescu-Crisan C, Crisan C, Butunoi B-P. An IoT-Based Smart Home Automation System. Sensors . 2021; 21(11):3784. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21113784

Stolojescu-Crisan, Cristina, Calin Crisan, and Bogdan-Petru Butunoi. 2021. "An IoT-Based Smart Home Automation System" Sensors 21, no. 11: 3784. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21113784

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Bibliometrics & citations.

• Xue X Li X Jia B Du J Fu X (2024) Who Should Hold Control? Rethinking Empowerment in Home Automation among Cohabitants through the Lens of Co-Design Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems 10.1145/3613904.3642866 (1-19) Online publication date: 11-May-2024 https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3613904.3642866
• Aleksieva V Valchanov H Haka A Dinev D (2023) Model of Controlled Environment based on Blockchain and IoT 2023 4th International Conference on Communications, Information, Electronic and Energy Systems (CIEES) 10.1109/CIEES58940.2023.10378795 (1-4) Online publication date: 23-Nov-2023 https://doi.org/10.1109/CIEES58940.2023.10378795
• Rathod I Mishra P Gupta N Chouhan D (2023) Using Arduino to Control a Wi-Fi Based Home Automation System in the Cloud Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things, and Society 5.0 10.1007/978-3-031-43300-9_37 (453-463) Online publication date: 9-Nov-2023 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-43300-9_37

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Smart Home Automation Using IoT

Journal of Scholastic Engineering Science and Management, March 2023, Volume 2, Issue 3 pp: 78-87, ISSN:2583-3294

10 Pages Posted: 20 Mar 2023

Dr. Lakshmi B N

Assistant Professor, Department Computer Science and Engineering,BMS Institute of Technology and Management

Dr. Ashwini N

Mr.s satish kumar reddy (final year student), bms institute of technology and management.

Date Written: March 06, 2023

Smart Home automation is a hot trending research that most of the researchers of today’s world are interested in. Research is being carried out to provide services for smart home automation to make the living experience at home more comfortable and hassle free. The home automation system uses various components of networking to establish an efficient network with every device playing a pivotal role to communicate effectively and securely. Many home devices like fans, lights, Air Conditioners, Fridge, Television, WiFi etc can be controlled through remote monitoring by the house owner to give a more secure and comfortable lifestyle. The paper presents the implementation of a smart home automation system that can be implemented to efficiently and effectively control the devices at home through the use of IoT and sensor technology.

Keywords: Smart Home automation, IoT, Sensor

Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation

Assistant Professor, Department Computer Science and Engineering,BMS Institute of Technology and Management ( email )

Bengaluru India

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Dr. Ashwini N (Contact Author)

Doddaballapur Main Road, Avalahalli, Yelahanka Bengaluru Bengaluru, IN Bengaluru 560064 India

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Internet of Things (IoT): A Technology for Smart Irrigation and Monitoring

• First Online: 14 August 2024

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• Alok Thakre 4 &
• Jitendra Sinha 5  

Irrigation is generally done inadequately regardless of the amount of water needed by plants. The discussion is focused on IoT-based automation enabled with an irrigation system that has a function of watering, which is totally dependent on the soil moisture level. Automation of the system was done by the use of various components, viz., microcontroller, relay, soil moisture sensors, and solenoid valve which was linked over the Internet through an IoT platform. IoT is a smart strategy under the smart irrigation and monitoring system, as it is operated from a smartphone in a very easy manner. The system can be operated from remote locations and monitored as well. The developed low-cost smart irrigation device is efficient for vegetable production in hydroponics, semi-vertical gardens, vertical gardens, and urban kitchen gardens. Another important merit of the system is its low cost excluding the cost of drip, smartphone, and Wi-Fi system. The smart irrigation and monitoring system is a boon for urban dwellers having keen interest in gardening. Another similar kinds of system have also been developed elsewhere but most of them have been found working in a very short range up to 5 m. Therefore, the system establishes its merits for small kitchen gardening irrigation, smart irrigation in vegetable production in hydroponics/aeroponics, semi-vertical gardens, and vertical gardens and can be also be upscaled for large farms in rural areas as well as small kitchen gardens in urban areas.

IoT is a mechanism for monitoring and controlling everyday parameters using computers or mobile devices. The habit of using automation for minor tasks will improve the quality of our lives. We create sensors that can connect with one another using the IoT concept, which is effective in automation. This prototype’s cost- and safety-saving features are its most significant features. People were first cautious in their upkeep practices when attempting to create plantings and set up their own gardens. Due to a lack of maintenance, plants suffer trauma and stress over time. The approach presented here will assist users in automatically tracking the parameters and ensuring garden upkeep. It performs a crucial function and makes for a nice plant companion. IoT offers answers to a variety of issues and enables remote sensing and control of objects in network infrastructure.

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GMR Varalakshmi Foundation, GMR Group, CIISTC, Chindwara, Madhya Pradesh, India

Alok Thakre

Department of Soil and Water Engineering, IGKV, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India

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Anil Kumar Mishra

School of Agriculture, Indira Gandhi National Open University, New Delhi, India

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Thakre, A., Sinha, J. (2024). Internet of Things (IoT): A Technology for Smart Irrigation and Monitoring. In: Yasheshwar, Mishra, A.K., Kumar, M. (eds) Recent Advancements in Sustainable Agricultural Practices. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-2155-9_4

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Home › IoT Insights › The importance of connectivity in IoT

The importance of connectivity in IoT

Connectivity is at the centre of  the Internet of Things (IoT) . It’s the driver and essential element of this change in modern technology.

IoT is the name given to the vast network of physical objects that interact in with the internet. These objects feature embedded sensors, software, network connectivity and actuators that allow them to exchange information between each other over the internet. In other words, the defining feature of the IoT is that these things talk to other things, making these physical objects smarter and more responsive than before.

Underpinning this capacity for action in IoT is, of course, connectivity. IoT devices may connect via Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, cellular networks or one of a number of low power wide area network (LPWAN) protocols. The LPWAN tag encompasses everything from localised Wi-Fi and Bluetooth to variants of familiar 3G/4G/5G telecoms connections, as used by smartphones.

Why connectivity matters in IoT

• Enabling data exchange

Simply put, connectivity enables your device to upload your steps to a GPS server or to send a reading of the indoor room temperature to the gadget in the living room. All IoT systems, no matter how simple or sophisticated, rely on the constant streaming of data. For example, with a smart agricultural system, sensors in the field transmit data on soil moisture and ambient weather conditions, triggering automatically adjusted quantities of water directed towards the crop.

• Facilitating real-time operations

The power of IoT derives from the potential of real-time perceptions and controls. There is no point in having IoT if the connectivity is weak. Without reliable connectivity, the data from sensors and devices, which are intended to be collected and analysed in real-time, might end up being delayed when they are eventually delivered. In healthcare, in real-time, connected devices monitor the vital signs of the patient in an intensive-care ward and alert the physician to any observations that are outside of the specified limits.

• Supporting scalability

As more devices get connected to the IoT, networks will need to scale up. Connectivity solutions enable networks to grow without inhibiting performance or reliability. As a smart city expands, the ability to add more sensors and devices over time is key.

• Ensuring interoperability

Unity will also come from using connectivity standards and protocols to ensure that devices from different manufacturers can share information on a single system. If you use message queuing telemetry transport (MQTT) (or constrained application protocol (CoAP)  connectivity standards, for instance, you can combine devices made by different manufacturers to form a single system. By doing so, the functionality of interconnected devices will be greater than the sum of their individual capabilities.

Addressing connectivity challenges

Connectivity is the foundation of IoT. But realising this potential poses many challenges.

• Security and privacy

This means that data is transmitted in vast quantities, resulting in the need to secure sensitive information. This will require advanced encryption, authentication and regular security updates. Security breaches must be prevented in IoT networks to combat potential hacking cases. As a result, data protection is crucial to ensure the privacy of users.

• Network reliability

Stable connectivity should be provided for the runtime. In IoT, streaming data collected is constantly used for processing and triggering alerts. Failing the connection may affect real situations and cause data loss. To reduce risk, stable network with redundancy and failover is a must.

• Energy efficiency

Since a lot of IoT devices have to be battery-powered, connectivity solutions need to be low-power to extend the battery life. Hence, designs like NB-IoT or LoRaWAN work well in such scenarios .

The future of IoT connectivity

The future evolution of connectivity technologies will combine with IoT to significantly expand its capabilities. The arrival of 5G will enable high-speed, low-latency connections. This transition will usher in IoT systems that were previously impossible, such as self-driving vehicles that instantaneously analyse vehicle states and provide real-time collision avoidance. The evolution of edge computing will bring data-processing closer to the edge (the IoT devices), thereby significantly reducing latency and bandwidth costs.

Connectivity underpins almost everything we see as important with IoT – the data exchange, real-time usage, scale and interoperability we access in our systems. Whether in the next iteration of our smarter homes, medical IoT devices or pioneering smart cities, the stage for the integration of cutting-edge technologies will be set by making our connectivity robust, scalable and energy efficient.

Article by Magda Dąbrowska, editor at WeKnow Media

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