essay on indian military

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Essay On Indian Army

The Indian Army is the land-based branch of the Indian armed forces. It is responsible for protecting India's territorial boundaries and keeping its citizens safe. The army is the only reason why we sleep peacefully at night while the soldiers fight terrorists. Our army is the largest army in the world in terms of numbers. Here are a few sample essays on the topic ‘Indian Army’.

100 Words Essay On Indian Army

200 words essay on indian army, 500 words essay on indian army.

The Indian Army was formed in 1895 by The East India Company. It was earlier called the British India Army, and after independence, on January 26’ 19501950, it was renamed as the Indian Army. The Supreme Commander of the Indian Army is the President of India, and a four-star general is appointed as the Chief of the Army Staff. President Draupadi Murmu is the current Supreme Commander of the Indian Army, and General Manoj Pande is the current Chief of Army Staff. With 1,237,117 soldiers and 960,000 reserve troops, it is the largest standing army in the world in terms of numerical superiority.

Formed in 1895 by The East India Company as the British India Army, later re-named Indian Army on January 26’ 1950, Indian Army is the land-based wing of the Indian armed forces. January 15 is celebrated as Army day in India every year.

President Draupadi Murmu, the President of India, is the current Supreme Commander of the Indian Army, and General Manoj Pande is the current Chief of Army Staff. Lieutenant General K. M. Cariappa was the first commander-in-chief of the Indian Army. It is the largest standing army in the world in terms of numerical superiority, with 1,237,117 soldiers and 960,000 reserve troops. The headquarters of the Indian Army is in New Delhi. The Indian Army conducts drills and operations throughout the year, and some of its operations are also conducted in partnership with other nations. The Kargil war, the Indo-Sino war of 1962, and the 1967 Sino-Indian conflict were conflicts where the prowess of the Indian Army was seen in repelling the attacks and safeguarding our borders. This helped to establish India as a dominant force in Southeast Asia, courtesy of the Indian Armed Forces. The Army, along with the Navy and the Airforce, have relentlessly helped maintain peace and prosperity in India, which has contributed to India being a great economic and military power.

The East India Company formed a military department to protect its territories in 1776. Initially, it was composed of British officers commanding soldiers recruited locally in India. The Indian Army, as it is known today, came into existence on 26 January 1950. Here are a few points to note about the Indian Army.

Enrolment in the Indian Army is voluntary, and unlike other countries, it has never been imposed forcefully.

Due to its large size, the Indian army is divided into various regiments like the Sikh regiment, the Maratha regiment, and the Gurkha regiment. This was done to manage and deploy the army easily in terms of conflict. Its motto is “Service Before Self”. There are six operational commands and one training command.

Its headquarters are in New Delhi. Currently Smt. Draupadi Murmu is the Supreme Commander of the Indian Army, and General Manoj Pande is the current Chief of Army Staff. We celebrate Army day on January 15 every year.

The Indian army also conducts peace-keeping operations for the United Nations and other countries abroad. We have the largest standing army in the world in terms of numerical superiority.

Drills And Operations

The Indian Army conducts drills and operations throughout the year, and some of its operations are also conducted in partnership with other nations. The most prominent drill of the Indian Army was Operation Brasstacks, conducted from November 1986 to January 1987 near the Pakistan border.

Indo- Pakistan War (1947) | The first major operation conducted by the Indian Army was the Indo- Pakistan war of 1947 which erupted due to tensions between India and Pakistan over the accession of Jammu and Kashmir. Since then Indian Army has been instrumental in neutralising terror groups and maintaining peace with the country.

India at the time of partition had more than 500 princely states, and of these princely states, Hyderabad and Jammu- Kashmir was reluctant to join India. The Maharaja of Jammu Kashmir finally acceded to the Union of India, and the Indian Army was called in for assistance against the Pakistani army intrusion in Jammu and Kashmir.

Accession Of Hyderabad | The Nizam of Hyderabad wanted to remain independent and was against joining the Union of India. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel negotiated the accession of Hyderabad to India after an invasion by the Indian Army named Operation Polo.

Other Significant Battles | The Kargil war, the Indo-Sino war of 1962, and the 1967 Sino-Indian conflict were some conflicts that established India as a dominant force in Southeast Asia, courtesy of the Indian Armed Forces.

Operations On Foreign Soil

There have been instances where the Indian Army has operated on foreign soil to maintain peace within neighbouring countries and nations. The 1971 Bangladesh war of liberation for the independence of east Pakistan from Pakistan was supported by the Indian Government. This war involved the Indian Army providing support to a Bengali freedom fighter group known as the Mukti Bahini, eventually leading to the liberation of Bangladesh. The Indian Army also supported the Maldives government during a coup against the incumbent government.

Fight Against Terrorism

The Indian Army has been capable of avoiding and responding to terror attacks. This was seen during the terror attacks in Mumbai in November 2008. The terrorists were neutralised with great efficiency, and hostages were rescued within a short period by the army. Surgical strikes were also conducted against terror camps by the army as part of its operations against terror groups and to achieve regional stability. Our soldiers fight at the borders so that citizens have a safe and stable life. The Indian army ensures the safety of India and its citizens through its operations and networking.

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Essay on Indian Army in 500+ Words

Updated on
Dec 28, 2023

Essay on Indian Army: The Indian army is the bravest and second largest army in the world with a total of 1.23 million soldiers. The Ministry of Defence of the Government of India is the governing body for the Indian Armed Forces. Commanded by the President of India as the supreme commander and commanded by the Chief of Army Staff (COAS), the Indian Army fulfils the aim of safeguarding the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the country.

General K.M. Cariappa, the first Indian commander-in-chief of the Indian Army, replaced British Commanding General Sir Francis Butcher and formed the Territorial Army in 1949, transforming the British Army into a national one.

From the date of replacement, the Indian Army didn’t look back. Whether in signing any pact with a country across the border or safeguarding the nation from internal or external threats, the Indian Army always marked success. It successfully maintained peace and security within the country’s frame.

Essay on Indian Army in 500+ words in English

The Indian Army is a forward-pushing force, embodied with the spirit of courage, discipline, and selfless service. With a rich history and a firm commitment to protecting the nation, the Indian Army holds a revered place in the hearts of citizens.

The soldiers in the Indian Army come from different parts of our diverse nation, representing its unity. They wear uniforms with pride, displaying not just their commitment but also the diverse weave of our country.

The Indian Army’s significance extends beyond borders and our everyday lives. Whether protecting us from external threats or assisting during natural disasters, the Indian Army is always there. Their bravery and selflessness inspire us and instil a sense of security.

Historical Significance

The roots of the Indian Army can be traced back to the British Indian Army, which played an essential role in various conflicts, including World War 1 and World War 2 .

The post-independence era marked the establishment of the Indian Army as the backbone of the country’s defence, safeguarding its borders and preserving its sovereignty.

Remarkable chapters in its history include the 1971 Indo-Pak War , which led to the creation of Bangladesh, and the Kargil War in 1999 , where the Army displayed exceptional courage in the face of adversity.

Organisational Structure

There are a total of 27 Regiments in the Indian Army. Popular regiments of the Indian Army are Rajputana Rifles, Dogra, Jat, Sikh and Bihar Regiment, Maratha Light Infantry and Gorkha Rifles. All these regiments are special in their respective fields.

From the infantry units stationed at the borders to the artillery units providing firepower, the harmonious collaboration of these components ensures the nation’s security. The hierarchical structure and extensive training programs reflect the dedication to maintaining the highest standards of professionalism.

Modern Challenges and Adaptations

In the modern scenario, the Indian Army faces various challenges, ranging from traditional threats along the borders to unconventional warfare and counter-terrorism operations.

Embracing the need for modernization, the Army actively incorporates advanced technology, weaponry, and communication systems. Collaborations with international defence partners contribute to staying abreast of evolving military capabilities. Moreover, the Indian Army’s active participation in United Nations peacekeeping missions showcases its commitment to global security and stability.

Values and Sacrifices

At the heart of the Indian Army lie values that go beyond the battlefield. Discipline, integrity, and selfless service are ingrained in the importance of every soldier. The life of a soldier demands immeasurable sacrifices, often involving extended periods away from families in challenging terrains.

The seriousness of a soldier’s duty oath is illustrated in their ultimate sacrifice. These sacrifices can easily resonate nationwide, reminding us of the dedication and courage that define the Indian Army.

Humanitarian Contributions

While the primary role of the Indian Army is defence, its impact extends beyond borders. Actively engaged in disaster relief operations, the Army emerges as a lifeline during natural calamities. Whether rescuing people from flooded areas or providing medical assistance in remote regions, the humanitarian endeavours of the Army underscore its role as the nation’s protector, both in times of war and peace.

In conclusion, the Indian Army is not merely a military force; it represents national pride, resilience, and sacrifice. From the battlefields to peacekeeping missions and humanitarian efforts, the Army’s influence is profound and multifaceted.

As citizens, we must honour and respect the commitment of the brave men and women who serve in the Indian Army, ensuring that their legacy of valour and patriotism endures for generations to come.

Also Read: How to Become a Para Commando Officer?

The Indian Army is like a protective shield for our country. Brave soldiers in uniform work together to keep us safe. They come from different parts of India, showing our unity. The army helps during wars, and natural disasters, and maintains peace within our borders. Our soldiers are strong and dedicated, always ready to face challenges. Families of soldiers also play an important role, supporting them with love and courage. The Indian Army has a rich history of bravery and sacrifice. They use advanced technology to stay prepared for any situation. The army not only defends but also contributes to nation-building. We salute the Indian Army for their selfless service and commitment to our nation.

The Indian Army is important for ensuring national security, maintaining peace within the country, contributing to disaster relief, representing unity in diversity, and symbolising discipline and sacrifice.

The father of the Indian Army is Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw. He was a great leader who played a key role in shaping the army.

The Indian Army is really big, with more than a million active soldiers. It’s one of the largest armies globally, showing our strong commitment to keeping our nation secure.

The motto of the Indian Army is “Service Before Self.” This means soldiers put the nation and its people first, showing their dedication and willingness to sacrifice for us.

Deepika Joshi

Deepika Joshi is an experienced content writer with expertise in creating educational and informative content. She has a year of experience writing content for speeches, essays, NCERT, study abroad and EdTech SaaS. Her strengths lie in conducting thorough research and ananlysis to provide accurate and up-to-date information to readers. She enjoys staying updated on new skills and knowledge, particulary in education domain. In her free time, she loves to read articles, and blogs with related to her field to further expand her expertise. In personal life, she loves creative writing and aspire to connect with innovative people who have fresh ideas to offer.

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Indian Army Day 2024 Essay

Introduction

The Indian Army , the world's second-largest standing army, marks Indian Army Day 2024 theme as the Year of Technology Absorption, signifying a focused commitment to incorporating and harnessing technological advancements. when is Indian Army Day? The celebration of Indian Army Day occurs annually on the 15th of January. As we approach Indian Army Day 2024 , let's delve into the forces that safeguard our nation's security and why Indian Army Day is celebrated, exploring their evolving role in a rapidly changing world. The Indian Army's dedication to absorbing cutting-edge technology adds a dynamic dimension to their capabilities, reflecting a strategic vision for a modernized defense.In this context, we will explore the importance of celebrating Indian Army Day 2024 and examine the role of technology in shaping the future of our armed forces.

Essay on Indian Army Day 2024

The Indian Army is the land-based branch of the Indian Armed Forces. It is the world's second-largest standing army and the largest army. The President of India is the Supreme Commander of the Indian Army, and it is commanded by the Chief of Army Staff (COAS), who is a four-star general. Two battalions of the Indian Army have been awarded the "Nations in conflict" peacekeeping medal.

The Indian Army has a regimental system but is operationally and geographically split into seven commands, with the basic field formation being a division. It is an all-volunteer force and comprises more than 81,000 active troops and a support element of close to 1,160,000 troops.

The primary objective of the Indian Army is to safeguard the nation's territorial integrity from external aggression and threats and maintain peace and security within its borders. It conducts humanitarian rescue operations during natural calamities and other restlessness, like Operation Surya Hope, and can also be requisitioned by the Government to assist in national emergencies. The Indian Army has been involved in four wars with neighbouring Pakistan and one with China. It has also conducted numerous peacekeeping operations across the world.

Indian Army consists of many regiments which are territorially based, and each regiment has its own cap badge, traditions and history. The units that make up the Indian Army are not all permanently based in one location. They are rotated between deployments in India and other countries as part of peacekeeping or training missions.

The Indian Army is a very disciplined force and follows a strict hierarchy. Officers must salute their seniors, regardless of rank, and must obey orders from their superiors without question. The soldiers are also expected to maintain a high degree of personal hygiene and be physically fit.

The Indian Army is one of the largest armies in the world. It has more than 1,160,000 troops who are available for deployment at short notice. These troops come from all over India and are drawn from all religions and regions. They are paid according to their rank and duration of service.

The Indian Army is the largest volunteer army in the world. It has more than 1,160,000 troops who are available for deployment at short notice.

India became independent from Britain in 1947. It was then ruled by the British Indian Empire. The independence day of Pakistan is on 14 august 1947. There was a lot of violence and bloodshed between the Hindus and Muslims in the partition of British India into India and Pakistan.

The British Indian Army was divided between the two countries. The British Indian Army in Pakistan became the Pakistani Army. The British Indian Army in India became the Indian Army.

A Long Indian Army Day 2024 Essay

The Happy Indian Army Day originated from armies of the East India Company's which at last became the British Indian Army, and the Princely States Army, which after its independence in 1947, merged into the National Army of India. The units of the Indian Army have fought many battles in the past where they gained honor for the country with their bravery. One will find out more facts about the Indian Army through this essay on the Indian Army in English.

The Indian Army has the sole objective of protecting the nation from any foreign aggression that arises, ensuring the nation's security. They also try to prevent the nation from internal threats. During natural calamities, the Indian Army conducts humanitarian rescue operations to save many people's lives. There are a total of 65 regiments in the Indian Army that are divided based on their skills. These are some facts that one can learn from the essay on the Indian Army.

There are various medals presented by the President of India to different Indian Army recruits for their bravery on the battlefield. The medals awarded for the valor shown on the battlefield in the face of the enemy are Param Vir Chakra, Maha Vir Chakra, and Vir Chakra, and the medals awarded for bravery and courage shown away from the battlefield are Ashoka Chakra, Kirti Chakra, and Shaurya Chakra.

The Indian Army, till now, has fought four battles, from which three were with Pakistan, and one was with China. Some other operations that are performed by the Indian Army are Operation Vijay, Operation Meghdoot, Operation Cactus, and Operation Brasstacks. One can also learn about some more missions conducted by the Army from this essay on the Indian Army, as they were also involved in many peacekeeping missions organized by the United States. Some of these peacekeeping missions were conducted in Lebanon, Angola, Cambodia, Vietnam, and many other countries.

The Government is now planning to increase the capabilities of the Indian Force by introducing some new policies. Recently, it has been planned that the Indian Army with the Indian Navy will set up a marine brigade.

The current formations that the Army follows are holding formations and combat formations. Holding formations are meant for holding and containing the enemies, and combat formation is meant for counter-attacking the enemies in order to neutralize them and stop them from attacking.

One can gain knowledge of the Army's uniform from this Indian Army essay. The Indian Army camouflage uniform includes a shirt, trousers, and a synthetic material cap. The Indian Army's camouflage dress has a jungle camouflage pattern that is designed to be used in woodland environments.

Regiments that are posted in the desert or dusty area have desert camouflage pattern uniforms. The modern recruited armies are required to wear distinctive parade uniforms, which are classified by variegated turbans and waist-sashes in regimental colors.

The Indian Army gives the perfect example of gender inequality by recruiting women in different regiments of the Army. The first women were appointed in the Indian Army when the Indian Military Nursing Service was formed in the year 1888. These women nurses have served the Army in both World War I and II.

With all the facts relating to the Indian Army covered in this essay, one can understand the importance of the Indian Army essay. The essay about the Indian Army gave an overview of the Army as a whole. The Indian Army is the third-largest on the globe, and has many features that one can see from this essay. It is also visible how the Government has planned to make the Army better every passing day so that they are ready to face any danger, be it internal or external.

A Short Note on Happy Indian Army Day 2024

Indian Army is the third-largest Army in the globe, is one of the most powerful and strongest among the armies of other countries. In the past, they have proved their superiority in different battles and missions that have been conducted. Through this short essay on Happy Indian Army Day in English, one will be able to see the power and strength that the Indian Army possesses.

The Indian Army has only one goal, which is to safeguard the nation's security and maintain unity in the country. All the recruits in the Army perform to achieve this one goal. The Indian Army consists of a total number of 65 regiments that are classified or divided based on their skills and capabilities. They are trained with two formations that are holding formation and combat formation. Holding formation is meant for defense, and combat formation is meant for an attack.

The Indian Army improves its skills by conducting training missions with different powerful countries such as The United States, Russia, and Israel.

Through this essay on the Indian Army Day 2024 in 100 words , it is clear that the Indian Army is well prepared for any unwanted situation in the future and has the capability to deal with it. The Indian Army epitomizes unwavering commitment and valor, safeguarding our nation's sovereignty with courage. Beyond borders, they contribute to disaster relief and peacekeeping, embodying humanity's spirit. Their sacrifices inspire national pride. Let us honor and support our armed forces, recognising their pivotal role in preserving our cherished freedom and unity. Jai Hind!

FAQs on Indian Army Day 2024 Essay

1. What is the Indian Army?

The Indian Army, which is one of the strongest armies in the world, and has all the features that make it an efficient army. The Indian Army has a total number of 65 regiments which are divided based on their skills and capabilities. These soldiers undergo training with two formations: holding formation and combat formation, which consists of the following: Holding Formation: This is meant for defense, Combat Formation: This formation is meant for attacking. For more information, read this Indian Army essay on Vedantu.

2. What are the different types of uniforms in the Indian Army?

The Indian Army has two types of uniforms: a camouflage uniform and a parade uniform. The camouflage uniform includes a shirt, trousers, and a synthetic material cap, while the parade uniform consists of a variegated turban and waist-sash in regimental colors. The color of the uniform differs according to the regiments. The Indian Army's uniform is a combination of different colors, which represents the culture and tradition of the country. Army uniform is a matter of pride for every soldier because it gives the mental satisfaction that on a special occasion, they are given a chance to wear their best uniform.

3. What is the role of the Indian Army in India?

The Indian Army has been playing many different roles from protecting its borders from any external danger; apart from this, they have also played a crucial role in the development of the country. Indian Army helps to build infrastructure, assists in natural calamities and provides medical assistance during any emergency. The Indian Army is one of the most powerful armies in the world. It has all the features that make it an efficient army. The Army consists of a total number of 65 regiments grouped and divided based on their skills and capabilities. These soldiers go through training with two formations holding formation and combat formation, which is described in the wiki. The Indian Army improves its skills by conducting training missions with different powerful countries such as the US, Russia and Israel.

4. What are the roles played by women in the Indian Army?

The first women were appointed in the Indian Army when the Indian Military Nursing Service was formed in 1888. These women nurses served the Army in both world war I and II. Women have also participated in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, the Sri Lankan Civil War and the Kargil War. Presently, women are recruited in the Army as doctors, engineers, lawyers, air warriors etc., and they are performing their duties efficiently. The Indian Army has only one goal, which is to safeguard the nation's security and maintain unity in the country. All recruits in the Army perform to achieve this one goal. The Indian Army has all it takes to face any challenges in the future if any arise. The Indian Army essay covers all these points.

5. What is the role of the Indian Army in development?

The Indian Army plays a crucial role in the development and progress of the country. The main aim of this research paper on the Indian Army is to make people aware of the Indian Army and its roles. India, which is considered one of the biggest democratic countries, has faced many internal conflicts throughout its history. It is the Indian Army that has protected the country from any external danger and guarded its borders. The Indian Army not only defends India's land but also gives medical assistance to people during emergencies such as floods, earthquakes etc.

6. How Many Regiments Are There in the Indian Army?

The Indian Army has a total number of 65 regiments in which army recruits are divided according to their skills. Some of the important regiments are Gurkha Regiment, Dogra Regiment, Kumaon Regiment, Ladakh Scouts Regiment, and many others.

7. Who Started the Army in India?

Mohan Singh established the first Indian National Army. He was an officer in the British Indian Army, and he was captured in the Malayan Campaign. The nationalist sympathies of Mohan Singh led him to find an ally in Fujiwara that helped him a lot.

Essay on Indian Army

Updated November 16, 2023

Introduction to Essay on Indian Army

“Service Before Self”

The Indian Army is an institution deeply ingrained in the fabric of the nation and serves as the stalwart guardian of India’s sovereignty and security. With a rich history dating back to its formation, the Indian Army has evolved into a formidable force that defends the nation against external threats and plays a pivotal role in disaster relief, peacekeeping missions, and overall nation-building. This essay explores various facets of the Indian Army, including its historical roots, mission and responsibilities, organizational structure, and the unwavering commitment and sacrifices of the men and women who serve within its ranks. As we journey through the pages of this essay, we uncover the valor that defines the Indian Army and its crucial role in shaping the destiny of the nation it dutifully protects.

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Historical Background

The historical roots of the Indian Army trace back to the British East India Company’s military establishments in the 17th century. As the British influence in India grew, so did the need for a more organized and structured military force to safeguard their interests. The early formations, known as the British Indian Army, played a crucial role in various conflicts, including the Anglo-Mysore Wars and the Anglo-Maratha Wars.

The Indian Army underwent a turning point during the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857, which caused the East India Company to transfer control to the British Crown. Consequently, the army was reorganized to become more disciplined and professional.

During both World War I and II, the Indian Army played a significant role. Its soldiers demonstrated bravery and made contributions to the global war effort on various fronts. Following India’s independence in 1947, the British Indian Army was partitioned between India and Pakistan, resulting in the formation of two distinct entities.

Since then, the Indian Army has been involved in several conflicts, such as the Indo-Pak wars of 1947, 1965, and 1971, as well as the Kargil War in 1999. Each conflict has further defined the army’s identity and reinforced its unwavering commitment to safeguarding the nation’s borders.

The historical trajectory of the Indian Army reflects not only its military prowess but also its resilience, adaptability, and the pivotal role it has played in shaping the destiny of the Indian subcontinent. From colonial times to the present day, the Indian Army stands as a testament to the nation’s journey, embodying the spirit of sacrifice and dedication in its service to the people of India.

Mission and Responsibilities

The mission and responsibilities of the Indian Army extend far beyond the conventional notions of defense, encompassing a multifaceted role that reflects the dynamic challenges faced by the nation.

1. Defense Against External Aggression:

The Indian Army’s primary purpose is to maintain the country’s territorial integrity from external threats. Whether facing traditional military challenges or emerging asymmetrical threats, the army stands as the first line of defense, ensuring the sovereignty of the nation.

2. Internal Security and Peacekeeping:

In addition to its external defense role, the Indian Army plays a vital role in maintaining internal security. Deployed in regions affected by insurgency, terrorism, and other internal conflicts, the army assists civil authorities in restoring and preserving law and order. Moreover, Indian troops actively participate in United Nations peacekeeping missions globally, contributing to international efforts to maintain peace and stability.

3. Disaster Relief and Humanitarian Assistance:

The Indian Army demonstrates its commitment to the nation’s welfare through its rapid response to natural disasters and emergencies. Whether it be floods, earthquakes, or other calamities, the army plays a pivotal role in providing relief, rescue operations, and rehabilitation efforts, showcasing a humane facet of its responsibilities.

4. Infrastructure Development in Remote Areas:

Beyond its immediate defense duties, the Indian Army engages in nation-building activities, especially in remote and underdeveloped regions. The army contributes to constructing infrastructure such as roads, bridges, and schools, fostering socio-economic development and improving the quality of life for local communities.

5. Border Management and Peace Initiatives:

Given India’s diverse geopolitical landscape, the Indian Army manages and secures the vast borders with neighboring countries. This involves not only defense but also diplomatic initiatives to maintain peaceful relations. The army often engages in confidence-building measures and joint exercises to promote regional stability.

6. Counter-Terrorism Operations:

In the face of persistent threats from terrorist organizations, the Indian Army is actively involved in counter-terrorism operations. These operations require a combination of military precision, intelligence gathering, and cooperation with other security agencies to neutralize threats to national security.

Training and Discipline

Training and discipline lie at the heart of the Indian Army’s ethos, shaping soldiers into resilient and highly skilled warriors ready to face the myriad challenges that safeguarding a nation entails.

1. Rigorous Training Programs:

The Indian Army’s training regimen is renowned for its intensity and comprehensiveness. When recruits step into training centers, they are subjected to physically demanding exercises, tactical simulations, and mental conditioning. Basic training covers many skills, including marksmanship, survival techniques, and battlefield strategy.

2. Emphasis on Physical Fitness:

Physical fitness is a cornerstone of the training process. Soldiers undergo rigorous physical exercises, obstacle courses, and endurance drills to ensure peak physical condition. The emphasis on fitness enhances combat capabilities and instills a sense of discipline and resilience.

3. Specialized Training for Different Corps:

The Indian Army’s diverse roles demand specialized skills. Various corps, such as the infantry, artillery, and armored corps, undergo specific training tailored to their roles on the battlefield. This specialization ensures that each soldier is proficient in basic combat skills and excels in the unique requirements of their assigned corps.

4. Leadership Development:

Leadership is a critical aspect of the Indian Army’s training philosophy. Officers and non-commissioned officers undergo specialized leadership training to hone their decision-making skills, strategic thinking, and the ability to lead troops in diverse and challenging situations.

5. Military Etiquette and Code of Conduct:

Every aspect of military life ingrains discipline. Soldiers undergo training to adhere to a strict code of conduct and military etiquette. This discipline extends to maintaining uniforms, following orders promptly, and respecting the chain of command. Such discipline ensures smooth operations and fosters a culture of mutual trust and reliance among soldiers.

6. Stress on Mental Resilience:

Beyond physical prowess, the Indian Army significantly emphasizes mental resilience. Soldiers are trained to remain composed under pressure, make swift decisions, and adapt to rapidly changing situations. This mental fortitude is crucial in the high-stakes and unpredictable environments in which the Army operates.

7. Continuous Professional Development:

Continuous learning is an integral part of the Indian Army’s training program. The Army strongly emphasizes on the professional development of its soldiers. Soldiers undergo advanced training courses, workshops, and exercises throughout their careers to keep themselves updated with evolving military tactics, technologies, and strategic developments.

Modernization Efforts

The Indian Army has undertaken substantial modernization efforts to ensure it remains at the forefront of defense capabilities. These endeavors encompass the acquisition of cutting-edge technology, advanced equipment, and a strategic emphasis on innovation to address contemporary security challenges.

1. Advanced Weapon Systems:

The Indian Army has actively pursued the acquisition of state-of-the-art weapon systems to enhance its firepower. This includes the modernization of artillery with long-range precision-guided munitions, the induction of advanced tanks such as the Arjun Mark II, and the procurement of modern assault rifles and personal equipment for infantry.

2. Focus on Cybersecurity and Information Warfare:

Recognizing the growing significance of cyber threats, the Indian Army has invested in cybersecurity infrastructure and capabilities. This includes establishing dedicated cyber units and integrating advanced technologies to safeguard military networks from cyber attacks. Information warfare capabilities are also being honed to counter modern asymmetric threats.

3. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and Drones:

Integrating UAVs and drones has become a priority for the Indian Army. These aerial platforms are crucial in surveillance, reconnaissance, and intelligence gathering. Their versatility enhances situational awareness and provides real-time information for tactical decision-making.

4. Network-Centric Warfare:

The concept of network-centric warfare is a cornerstone of the modernization efforts. The Indian Army is working towards creating a robust communication and data-sharing network that enables seamless coordination among different branches and units. This network-centric approach enhances operational efficiency and facilitates quicker responses to emerging threats.

5. Indigenous Defense Manufacturing:

To promote self-sufficiency and reduce dependency on foreign suppliers, the Indian Army has emphasized indigenous defense manufacturing. Collaborating with domestic defense industries and research institutions aims to develop and produce advanced weaponry, equipment, and technologies in the country.

6. Upgradation of Aviation Capabilities:

The aviation wing of the Indian Army has seen substantial modernization, including the induction of advanced attack helicopters, reconnaissance aircraft, and transport helicopters. These upgrades enhance the army’s mobility, response time, and air support capabilities in diverse operational scenarios.

7. Emphasis on Special Forces and Counterinsurgency Operations:

Recognizing the evolving nature of security threats, the Indian Army is modernizing its special forces with advanced equipment and specialized training. This includes the acquisition of cutting-edge gear for counterinsurgency and counter-terrorism operations, reinforcing the army’s ability to address unconventional challenges.

8. Innovation in Military Strategies:

Modernization efforts extend beyond hardware; there is a concerted effort to innovate in military strategies. The Indian Army is adapting to emerging trends in warfare, incorporating lessons from global conflicts and exploring innovative approaches to counter both traditional and unconventional threats.

Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief

The commitment to Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR) reflects the army’s ethos of service to the nation, extending its hand to those in need both within India and beyond its borders.

1. Rapid Response and Deployment:

Swift and effective responses characterize the Indian Army’s HADR capabilities. When disaster strikes, be it earthquakes, floods, cyclones, or other calamities, the army mobilizes quickly to provide immediate assistance. This rapid deployment is crucial in mitigating the impact of disasters and saving lives.

2. Search and Rescue Operations:

The army plays a pivotal role in search and rescue operations during natural disasters. Specially trained units equipped with advanced tools and technologies are deployed to locate and rescue survivors trapped in disaster-stricken areas. Helicopters and specialized teams are often at the forefront of these life-saving efforts.

3. Medical Aid and Field Hospitals:

The Indian Army’s medical corps plays a critical role in providing emergency medical aid during disasters. Medical assistance is offered to the injured by setting up field hospitals and mobile medical units to reach remote areas otherwise inaccessible actively. This healthcare support is instrumental in preventing the spread of diseases and ensuring the well-being of affected populations.

4. Relief Material Distribution:

The army is responsible for distributing essential relief materials, including food, clean water, shelter, and clothing. This ensures that affected communities receive the basic necessities for survival and recovery.

5. Engineering and Infrastructure Support:

The engineering units of the Indian Army contribute significantly to HADR efforts by repairing and rebuilding critical infrastructure. This includes restoring roads, bridges, and communication networks, essential for delivering aid and assistance effectively.

6. International Humanitarian Assistance:

The Indian Army extends its HADR expertise globally, actively participating in international relief missions. Whether responding to earthquakes in Nepal, floods in Sri Lanka, or other disasters worldwide, the Indian Army’s commitment to global humanitarian efforts underscores its role as a responsible and responsive international actor.

7. Coordination with Civil Authorities:

Collaboration with civil authorities is a cornerstone of the army’s HADR operations. The army works hand-in-hand with local, state, and national government agencies, as well as non-governmental organizations (NGOs), to ensure a coordinated and effective response to disasters.

8. Community Engagement and Capacity Building:

Beyond immediate relief, the Indian Army engages in community outreach and capacity-building initiatives. This involves educating communities on disaster preparedness, conducting training programs, and empowering local populations to better cope with and respond to future disasters.

Awards and Bravery

1. Param Vir Chakra (PVC):

The Param Vir Chakra is the highest award given during wartime for acts of exceptional bravery in the face of the enemy. Those who have displayed extraordinary courage, often risking their lives in the line of duty, receive the award.

2. Ashoka Chakra:

The Ashoka Chakra is awarded during peacetime for similar acts of bravery, recognizing exceptional courage, sacrifice, and selflessness in the line of duty and highlighting the army’s commitment to protect the nation even during peace.

3. Mahavir Chakra:

The Mahavir Chakra is the second-highest award given during wartime for acts of conspicuous bravery and exceptional devotion to duty, showcasing the resilience and valor of the awardee.

4. Kirti Chakra:

The Kirti Chakra awards acts of gallantry during peacetime. Similar to the Mahavir Chakra, it recognizes exceptional courage and devotion to duty, even in situations that may not involve direct combat with the enemy.

5. Shaurya Chakra:

The Shaurya Chakra recognizes acts of bravery in the presence of the enemy during peacetime, honoring exceptional courage and commitment to duty.

6. Sena Medal and Mention in Dispatches:

The Sena Medal is awarded for acts of bravery and distinguished service during peacetime. Additionally, Mention in Dispatches is a commendation for a soldier’s gallantry and exceptional service in the face of the enemy. Both these recognitions highlight the diverse ways in which soldiers contribute to the nation’s security.

7. Gallantry Awards in United Nations Peacekeeping Missions:

Indian Army personnel actively participate in United Nations peacekeeping missions, and their gallantry is recognized through UN medals and other commendations. These awards underscore the army’s commitment to promoting global peace and stability.

8. Bravery in Counterinsurgency Operations:

Soldiers engaged in counterinsurgency operations are recognized for their bravery and commitment in challenging and often unconventional warfare scenarios. Commendations and awards highlight their role in maintaining internal security.

9. Posthumous Awards:

Underscoring the supreme sacrifice made by soldiers who lay down their lives in the service of the nation, authorities posthumously confer many of these awards. These posthumous awards serve as a poignant reminder of the ultimate price paid for the cause of freedom and security.

Challenges and Sacrifices

Below are the challenges and sacrifices faced by the Indian Army:

Challenges Faced by the Indian Army:

The Indian Army faces numerous challenges in a dynamic and unpredictable environment. One of the major obstacles is the diverse and demanding terrain along the country’s borders. From the icy peaks of the Himalayas to the arid deserts, the army must be adept at navigating and defending India’s vast and varied geographical boundaries. Additionally, the threat of terrorism and insurgency poses a significant challenge, particularly in regions like Jammu and Kashmir and the northeastern states. In order to maintain internal security while defending against external aggression, the army must strike a delicate balance and remain constantly vigilant.

Sacrifices of the Indian Army:

Either I will come back after hoisting the tricolor, or I will come back wrapped in it, but I will be back for sure.” – Capt. Vikram Batra

The sacrifices made by the men and women of the Indian Army are profound and long-lasting. The most significant sacrifice is the loss of life while performing duty. Whether in conventional warfare, counterinsurgency operations, or during peacekeeping missions, soldiers put their lives on the line to protect the nation and its people. The impact of these sacrifices resonates throughout families and communities, leaving an indelible mark on the nation’s collective conscience. In addition to the ultimate sacrifice of life, soldiers endure extended periods of separation from their families, demanding training regimens, and the physical and mental toll of being on the front lines. The commitment to duty, despite these sacrifices, highlights the deep sense of duty and patriotism that characterizes the ethos of the Indian Army. It is a testament to the selflessness and unwavering dedication that define the men and women in uniform, who prioritize the nation’s security above personal comfort and safety. The sacrifices made by the Indian Army echo through history, shaping the narrative of a force that embodies courage, honor, and an unyielding commitment to the protection of the nation.

The Indian Army’s Role in Nation-Building

1. Infrastructure Development in Remote Areas:

The Indian Army operates in diverse and often challenging terrains, from mountainous borders to remote villages. In these areas, the army engages in building critical infrastructure such as roads, bridges, and airstrips. These projects enhance military mobility and connect isolated communities, facilitating economic development and social integration.

2. Education Initiatives:

Recognizing the transformative power of education, the Indian Army undertakes initiatives to improve educational facilities in remote and underserved areas. This includes establishing schools and vocational training centers, empowering local communities, and providing a foundation for a brighter future.

3. Healthcare Outreach:

The army is often at the forefront of providing healthcare services in areas with challenging accessibility. Mobile medical units, field hospitals, and health camps are deployed to offer essential healthcare services, contributing to the overall well-being of the local population.

4. Community Engagement and Skill Development:

Beyond physical infrastructure, the Indian Army engages with local communities through various community development programs. Skill development initiatives, workshops, and vocational training programs empower individuals to become self-reliant, contributing to economic sustainability.

5. Environmental Conservation:

The army recognizes the importance of preserving the environment in its operational areas. Afforestation programs, waste management initiatives, and sustainable practices contribute to environmental conservation, aligning the army’s activities with broader national goals of ecological sustainability.

6. Disaster Preparedness and Response:

The army’s expertise in disaster management extends to proactive measures for disaster preparedness. Training local communities in disaster response, establishing early warning systems, and conducting mock drills enhance the resilience of vulnerable regions.

7. Counterinsurgency and Winning Hearts and Minds:

The army takes a comprehensive approach beyond military operations in insurgency-affected areas. Community engagement, addressing socio-economic grievances, and creating a peaceful and stable environment is essential for winning the hearts of the local population.

8. Border Area Development:

In regions along the borders, the army actively contributes to the development of border areas. This includes constructing infrastructure, providing essential services, and promoting economic activities, fostering a sense of security and connectivity among border communities.

9. National Integration and Unity:

The Indian Army, composed of personnel from diverse linguistic, cultural, and regional backgrounds, serves as a unifying force. Through its nation-building efforts, the army reinforces the idea of a united and integrated India, transcending geographical and cultural divides.

The Indian Army is a multifaceted force that not only defends the nation’s borders but also actively contributes to its growth and welfare. It exemplifies valor, sacrifice, and dedication by safeguarding against external threats and engaging in humanitarian efforts. The army plays a crucial role in building nations, unifying people, and acting as a beacon of hope in times of crises. Its role extends far beyond military operations, underscoring its integral part in the nation’s journey toward progress, unity, and resilience.

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Indian Army: An Inspiration to the World

Indian Army: An Inspiration to the World Blogs Home

17 Jan 2023

Winter has slowed us all down. Many plants and animals have gone into a dormant state to conserve their energy and survive the difficult period. It is a challenge to come out of comforters and start the day in the cold mornings. Homeless people have become susceptible to sickness and even death because of extreme cold weather. Despite all these harsh conditions, Indian soldiers posted on LoC are guarding country’s border, protecting country’s sovereignty, and are abiding by Indian army’s motto ‘Service before self’. Our soldiers’ willpower, disciplined lifestyle and unparallel patriotism is commendable.

Indian army came into existence way before India’s independence. It originated from armies of East India Company which later became the British Indian Army, and the Princely States Armies also known as Imperial Service Troops. After independence all these armies were merged into the National Army of India. Every year on 15 th January India celebrates Indian Army Day. This day marks the transfer of military power from British to India when Indian Army got its first Indian Commander in Chief, Field Marshal K.M.Cariappa who replaced the last British Commander in Chief of India, General Francis Bucher in 1949. Our soldiers who sacrifice their lives for the country are honored on this day.

Though, we must have heard it many a times that Indian army is among world’s largest armies but you might not know that the Indian Army is an all-volunteer force in the world (the largest all-volunteer force) comprises more than 81,000 active troops and a support element of close to 1,160,000 troops. Indian army has a regimental system where an enlisted troupe normally spends their entire career in the regiment. Some regiments are formed on the basis of religious, ethnic or regional identities (e.g. Gorkha Regiment, Sikh Regiment, Assam Regiment etc.), but there are also regiments that not limited to ethnic, religious or regional identities (e.g. the parachute regiment and the Brigade of Guards). Depending on geography and operation, they are divided into seven commands - Army Training Command, Central Command, Eastern Command, Northern Command, Southern Command, South Western Command, and Western Command.

In last 75 years, Indian Army has fought five battles, out of which four were with Pakistan, and one was with China. In four wars India gave a crushing defeat to Pakistan. Apart from fighting these wars Indian army has done countless operations for the safety of our motherland. As vigilantly as the Indian Army protects the country by standing on the border, equally and bravely they fight with their lives on the internal borders of the country. Highly competent Indian Army has also got chances of getting involved in many peacekeeping missions organized by the United States of America. Some of these peacekeeping missions were conducted in Lebanon, Angola, Cambodia, Vietnam, and many other countries.

Some notable operations conducted by Indian Army are as follows:

Operation Vijay- It was launched by the Indian Army in 1961 to free Goa from the control of the Portuguese.

Operation Blue Star- Who can forget about Indian Army’s continuous efforts to save Golden temple and people inside it in 1984 from the claws of Sikh separatists.

Operation Black Thunder- Operation Black Thunder was launched by DGP Gill to remove the militants from the Golden Temple in Amritsar.

Operation Poomalai- Operation Poomalai was launched in 1987 by the Indian Air Force to help the Indian Army Defense Force who had gone to establish peace in Jaffna, Sri Lanka.

Operation Virat- A counter-insurgency operation launched in April 1988 against the LTTE in northern Sri Lanka.

Operation Trishul- A counter-insurgency operation launched against the LTTE in northern Sri Lanka in April 1988 by the Indian Peace Keeping Force along with Operation Viraat.

Operation Checkmate- A counter-insurgency operation launched by the Indian Peace Keeping Force against the LTTE in northern Sri Lanka in June 1988.

Operation Cactus- Operation Cactus was launched by the Indian Armed Forces in 1988 to remove the mercenaries who had carried out a coup in Malé, Maldives.

Operation Bajrang- In 1990, a military campaign was launched against ULFA in Assam.

Operation Rhino- In 1992, a military operation was launched to find out the bases of ULFA in Assam.

Operation Vijay(2)- A military operation by the Indian Army to push back the intruders from the Kargil sector in the 1999 Kargil War.

Operation Parakram- In response to the attack on the Indian Parliament in 2001, India deployed its troops along the India-Pakistan border.

Operation Vajra Sakti- In 2002, a campaign was launched to get the Akshardham temple of Gandhinagar, Gujarat evacuated from the terrorists.

Operation goodwill- In the year 2005, a campaign was launched for humanitarian work in Jammu and Kashmir.

Operation Dhangu Suraksha- Military exercise conducted in January 2016 against the attack on the airbase in Pathankot, Punjab.

Operation Samudra Setu- This Operation Samudra Setu was launched on 5 May 2020 as a national effort to bring back Indian citizens from abroad during Covid-19.

Indian Army is counted among the best armies of the world for the battles fought on earth and these few operations are enough to prove this. Both men and women soldiers are given equal importance and opportunity in the Indian Army. In the last six years, the participation of women in the Indian Army has increased. According to the statistics of the government, currently 9118 women are employed in the Indian Army. They are being given permanent commission in many departments of the army. In 2020, the Supreme Court of India ruled that all women army officers will be eligible for permanent commissions, allowing them to be in commanding roles. Women in Indian army have proved their steel time and again.

According to a recent study released by Defence website Military Direct, after China, superpower USA and Russia, India has the 4 th strongest military power in the world. The Indian Army is well-equipped with powerful equipment and weapons. The Indian Army has 296 aircraft of its own. There are 4730 tanks and more than 10 thousand armored vehicles. The Army also has 100 self-propelled cannons and 4040 towed cannons. Apart from this, there are 374 rocket launchers. The Indian Army itself has all the battle tanks, nuclear missiles, Intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), cruise missiles, tactical ballistic missiles, helicopters of the Army Aviation Corps and many other branches, which handle different matters in difficult circumstances.

Our soldiers’ job is the most selfless and demanding job as they must leave their family, friends, home, and everything else behind to stay strong on the ground for protecting the nation and citizens. They protect everyone irrespective of their cast, creed, culture & religion as everyone is equal for them. They courageously choose a profession that demands everything from them, make sure their nation and people are safer and relentlessly train to fulfil this demand every single day. Our soldiers are our saviours and true heroes. Indian Army is indeed an epitome of inspiration.

https://www.vedantu.com/english/indian-army-essay

https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/india-has-worlds-fourth-strongest-military-military-directs-

https://www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/india-vs-china-comparative-analysis-of-navy-army-and-air-force-in-hindi-1515576008-2

https://www.spslandforces.com/story/?id=569&h=Indian-Army-andldquo;Nation-Above-Allandrdquo ;

https://www.aajtak.in/india/news/photo/top-ten-armies-of-the-world-all-you-need-to-know-tstrd-1464718-2022-05-16-6

Priyanka Todariya

Priyanka Todariya is a Public Administration post-graduate and a communications professional who has extensively worked for several government entities and state governments like Uttar Pradesh and Gujarat.

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Essay On Indian Army

Table of Contents

Short Essay On Indian Army

The Indian Army is the land-based branch of the Indian Armed Forces, which is responsible for the protection and defense of India’s territorial integrity and national interests. Established in 1895, the Indian Army has a rich history of valor, bravery, and sacrifice. It is one of the largest and most powerful armies in the world, with over 1.4 million active personnel and numerous reserve forces.

The primary role of the Indian Army is to defend the country against external aggression and internal security threats. It is equipped with state-of-the-art weaponry and technology and is organized into numerous divisions and regiments. In addition to its primary role, the Indian Army also plays a significant role in disaster relief operations and other humanitarian efforts, both within India and in other countries.

The Indian Army has a long and proud history of bravery and sacrifice. Throughout its history, the army has taken part in numerous battles and conflicts, both domestically and internationally, and has played a key role in the defense and protection of India’s territorial integrity. The Indian Army has also made a significant contribution to peacekeeping efforts around the world, participating in numerous United Nations peacekeeping missions.

One of the most notable aspects of the Indian Army is its high level of professionalism and discipline. The army operates under strict rules and regulations, and soldiers are expected to adhere to a strict code of conduct both on and off duty. In addition, the Indian Army places a high value on education and training, and soldiers are given numerous opportunities to further their education and improve their skills.

Another important aspect of the Indian Army is its strong commitment to diversity and inclusion. The army is made up of soldiers from a variety of ethnic and cultural backgrounds, and it strives to create an inclusive and respectful environment for all of its personnel. The Indian Army also recognizes the importance of gender equality and has made significant efforts to promote the participation of women in the armed forces.

In conclusion, the Indian Army is a critical component of India’s national security and defense. With its rich history of bravery and sacrifice, high level of professionalism and discipline, and commitment to diversity and inclusion, the Indian Army is well-equipped to meet the challenges of the modern world and protect India’s territorial integrity and national interests.

Long Essay On Indian Army

The Indian Army is one of the world’s largest and most respected military forces. With over 1.3 million active personnel and an additional 1.5 million in reserve, the Indian Army is a formidable opponent on the global stage. In this article, we’ll take a look at some of the key aspects of the Indian Army and how it impacts global security.

What is the Indian Army?

The Indian Army is one of the largest and most powerful armies in the world, with over 1.3 million active personnel and another 800,000 reserve personnel. The Indian Army has a long and proud history dating back to the time of the British Raj. Today, the Indian Army is a formidable military force that plays an important role in safeguarding India’s sovereignty, security and territorial integrity.

The Indian Army is divided into three main branches: infantry, artillery and cavalry. Infantry units are large and well-trained formations composed of infantry, artillery, armor and air defence elements. Artillery units are large and well-equipped formations that use heavy guns to destroy targets from a distance. Cavalry units are small but highly mobile formations that can move quickly across battlefields to engage enemy forces.

The Indian Army is also well-equipped with weapons systems such as tanks, armored vehicles, artillery pieces and aircraft. It has a number of operational bases spread throughout India and is able to deploy troops quickly to any location where it is needed. In addition to its traditional combat roles, the Indian Army is also responsible for providing disaster relief assistance following natural disasters such as earthquakes and floods.

History of the Indian Army

The Indian Army traces its origins back to the Presidency armies raised by East India Company in the early 18th century. The first of these, the Madras Army, was established in 1741 and fought alongside the British against French forces in India during the Seven Years’ War.

Following the end of that conflict, most of the Indian forces were disbanded and reconstituted as subsidiary units of British regiments. In 1857, during the Second Anglo-Burmese War, a large number of Indian soldiers served under British command and helped to defeat Burma’s army at battle of Yamen. In 1885, following Britain’s victory over China in the First Sino-Japanese War, Indian troops participated in the suppression of rebellions in Burma and also garrisoned Hong Kong.

In 1914–1918, during World War I, an estimated two hundred thousand Indian soldiers fought on both sides in Europe and Mesopotamia. Significant engagements took place at Gallipoli (where they played a role in securing victory for Allied forces), Gaza (in which they captured Beersheba), Kut-al-Amara (in which they inflicted a decisive defeat on Ottoman forces), Sikkim (in which they routed an invading Japanese force), and other locations. Following World War I, many of these veterans returned home to find that their homeland had been transformed into an independent nation under newly elected Prime Minister Mohandas Gandhi.

Although initially reluctant to participate in hostilities against the newly formed Republic of India, the British Indian Army eventually became an integral part of the larger Indian military establishment. In 1947, during the independence struggle, the army played a key role in suppressing mutinies and helping to ensure victory over Pakistan in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. In 1965, during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, Indian troops again played a decisive role in defeating Pakistani forces.

Since then, the Indian Army has continued to play a significant role in defending India’s territorial integrity and security. In recent years, it has also undertaken humanitarian missions abroad, most notably in response to the devastating effects of the 2004 tsunami in Southeast Asia.

Personnel of the Indian Army

The Indian Army has a personnel strength of around 1.3 million soldiers, making it the third-largest standing army in the world after China and Russia. The Indian Army is also one of the youngest armies in the world, with an average age of around 27 years.

The majority of Indian Army personnel are from India, with a minority from other parts of Asia and Africa. The Indian Army draws its officers from a mix of civilian and military colleges across India. Soldiers undergo basic training at the National Defence Academy in Pune before moving on to specialist training centres such as the artillery or infantry regiments.

Most soldiers serve for between two and five years before retiring on full pension. However, some soldiers may choose to re-join the army after completing their studies or take up another career.

Equipment of the Indian Army

The Indian Army is one of the largest military forces in the world with a total strength of 1,210,000 soldiers. The Army has three main branches: The Infantry, The Artillery and The Engineers.

The infantry is the mainstay of the Indian Army. It is divided into two main categories- Regular Infantry and Reserve Infantry. The Regular Infantry are permanently assigned to formations while the Reserve Infantry are can be called up for deployment at any time.

The artillery is responsible for providing fire support to the infantry and other troops in combat. It consists of two main branches- Field Artillery and Mountain Artillery. Field Artillery is equipped with guns that can fire both conventional shells and ballistic missiles. Mountain Artillery is equipped with guns that can only fire ballistic missiles.

The engineers are responsible for maintaining equipment and constructions such as roads and bridges. They are also tasked with repairing damage done to these facilities by enemy action.

Battlefields of India

The Indian Army is one of the largest and most advanced armies in the world. The army has been fighting battles on many battlefields, including in the Kargil War, the Siachen War, and Operation Rakshak. The army also participated in World War II, the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, and numerous other operations. The Indian Army has a long history of fighting on various battlefields around the world.

The Indian Army is one of the largest and most respected armies in the world. It has a long history, dating back to before the British Raj, and it has played an important role in defending India’s borders against enemies both foreign and domestic. The army is currently undergoing rapid modernization, with new equipment being developed all the time to keep up with changing threats. If you are interested in joining or studying military service, the Indian Army is an excellent option for you.

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Essay on Indian Army | Indian Army Essay for Students and Chilldren in English

February 14, 2024 by Prasanna

Essay on Indian Army: The Indian Army is a segment of India that ensures national security as well as the national unity of the people of this country. India is a diverse country and so are the problems that India faces. The Indian army plays a major role in controlling the problems of this country and this is the reason peace can prevail in the country. We provide samples of Long and short essays with guiding pointers on Essay on Indian Army.

You can read more Essay Writing about articles, events, people, sports, technology many more.

Long and Short Essays on Indian Army for Students and Kids in English

We are providing an extended Essay on Indian Army of 400-500 words and a Short Essay on Indian Army of 100 to 200 words on the topic Indian Army. This short Essay on Indian Army is useful for students in classes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6.

Long Essay on Indian Army 500 Words in English

The long Essay on Indian Army will be helpful for students in classes 7, 8, 9, and 10 for their assignments or as an examination essay reference.

“What is a glorious adventure for you, is a daily routine for us.”

This is the statement that holds the amount of utmost truth. We as regular citizens learn rifle shooting as a sport, where the soldiers play with their lives holding them daily. Climbing mountains, staying in tents, and not eating a home-cooked meal is an adventure for us where we feel fresh, but this thrill is multiplied by the fear of losing their own lives in the battlefield. Indian army is not just soldiers in a field, but it is a way of life that demands discipline and sacrifice at its foremost.

Indian Army comprises of three uniformed services – the Indian Army, the Indian Navy, and the Indian Airforce. The Indian army contributes to the security of the land, the Indian Navy contributes to the sea, and the Indian Airforce, according to its name, flies through the air. The History of the Indian army dates back to several millennia, but it is a history of brave incidents and a celebrated future. The first mention of armies was done in the epics of Ramayana and Mahabharata where the martial arts were generally known as ‘Dhanurveda’. We have since come a long way from what seems to be the start of the army culture. According to Global Firepower and considering world military strengths, The Indian army ranks 4th in the world in all aspects. Indian army finds its roots in 1776 as the ‘British Indian Army’.

The British Indian army had a major role in maintaining the winning streak of the Britishers in India and throughout the world. It was a major helper to Britain in both the world wars where 1.3 million soldiers served in the first world war as well. Who could imagine such an eminent history on in the form of the Indian Army? Any nation is incomplete if they do not have any plans for their protection. Enemies are a common concept in today’s world and getting rid of them is not an easy or welcome task. Trained personnel with insane strength and sheer will power is what makes the Indian Army. There are innumerable occasions throughout the long history where the Indian Army has played its role heroically and saved the lives of uncountable innocents. Indian armies were some of the first armies among the many armies in the world.

Soldiers can easily be considered one of the main assets of any country, as they make a country safe and sound so it can develop to many heights. Where would you find people who are ready to sacrifice their lives for the welfare of others or their nation? Where would you see people putting their lives on stake so the citizens can live peacefully? Their intelligence is what gives them an unmatched reputation and their love for their nation is what keeps us sleeping peacefully in our beds. After all, It is rightly said that there are no hard lives than that of a soldier.

Short Essay on Indian Army 200 Words in English

Indian army is the best example of courageousness and excellent discipline in life. Indian army originated during the rule of the Britishers under the name of the ‘British Indian army’. There are a lot of problems that arise in India as well as outside India which can cause harm to the unity and safety of India. Here, The Indian army plays a major role in ruling out all threats and form a safe country for the peaceful residents of the country. Indian army not only serves on borders, but it also conducts humanitarian escapes when it saves the lives of many innocent citizens.

The Effective Intelligence and reasoning ability of the Indian soldiers make them a valuable weapon in the army. Their strict regime makes it possible for them to remain in complete health and with unmatched stamina. The fact that they sacrifice their own families and work for the nation is what gives them an unmatched reputation.

The Indian army is a proud component of India because it is the reason that India is shielded from threats and guarded against inside division.

10 Lines on Essay on Indian Army 150 Words

Indian Army is the part of India that contributes itself to the safety and unity of India.
It first originated under the name of the ‘British Indian Army’.
There are three uniformed parts of the Indian army – the Indian Army, the Indian Navy, and the Indian Airforce.
Armies in India were first seen in the epics of Ramayana and Mahabharata.
The supreme commander of the army is the president of India and its professional head is known as the ‘chief of army staff’.
The Army also conducts operations for saving innocents from natural calamities or disasters.
The soldiers of the Indian army are the epitome of intelligence, bravery, and patience.
There are many benefits of joining the army and one of them is an unmatched reputation.
our army ranks the 4th in the world in all military aspects.
Indian army sacrifices their lives to save our nation which is the biggest reason to respect them in every manner.

FAQ’s On Essay on Indian Army

Question 1. Why is the Army considered Important in India?

Answer: The Indian army is a united front presented before the world to make sure that the enemies of India recognize what they are signing up for and that the nation is forever safe from any external, internal, or natural threats.

Question 2. When did the Indian army come into existence?

Answer: The Indian army came into existence during the rule of the Britishers and assisted them in numerous ways.

Question 3. Indian Army is on which rank according to the military aspects in the world?

Answer: The mighty Indian military is one of the five powers of the world with the pwrlndx rating of 0.0953 and is ranked 4th in position from 138 countries of the world.

Question 4. What is the appropriate age of joining the Indian army?

Answer: The appropriate age for joining the Indian Army is from 17 years to 23 years.

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Indian Armed Forces

The Government of India is responsible for ensuring the defence of India and every part thereof. The Supreme Command of the Indian Armed Forces vests in the President. The responsibility for national defence rests with the Cabinet. This is discharged through the Ministry of Defence, which provides the policy framework and wherewithal to the Armed Forces to discharge their responsibilities in the context of the defence of the country. The Indian Armed Forces comprise of three divisions – Indian Army, Indian Navy, and the Indian Air Force. Check more important links .

Indian Army

The Indian subcontinent had witnessed the cohesive concentration of many Empires in the quest for control of military power, and governance of the State. As time rolled by, societal norms found an ethos in the workplace, the system of rights and privileges, and service under the flag.

The Indian Army, as we know it today became operational after the Country gained independence from British colonialism. The Indian Army's HQ is located in New Delhi and functions under the Chief of Army Staff (COAS), who is responsible for the command, control, and administration as a whole. The Army is divided into six operational commands (field armies) and one training command, each under the command of a Lieutenant General, who has an equal status to the Vice-Chief of Army Staff (VCOAS), working under the control of Army HQ in New Delhi. More about the Indian Army .

Indian Navy

The foundation of the modern Indian Navy was laid in the seventeenth century when the East India Company had established a maritime force, thereby graduating in time to the establishment of the Royal Indian Navy in 1934. The Headquarters of the Indian Navy is located in New Delhi, and is under the command of the Chief of the naval staff – an Admiral. The Indian navy is deployed under three area commands, each headed by a flag officer. The Western Naval Command is headquartered in Bombay on the Arabian Sea; the Southern Naval Command in Kochi (Cochin), in Kerala, also on the Arabian Sea; and the Eastern Naval Command in Vishakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, on the Bay of Bengal. More about the Indian Navy .

Indian Air Force

The Indian Air Force was officially established on 8th October 1932, and on 1st April 1954, Air Marshal Subroto Mukherjee, one of the founding members of the Air Force took over as the first Indian Chief of Air Staff. With the passage of time, the Indian Air Force undertook massive upgrading of its aircraft and equipments, and as part of the process, it introduced more than twenty new types of aircrafts. The last decade of the twentieth century saw a phenomenal change in the structure of the Indian Air Force with induction of women into the Air Force for short service commissions. It was also a time when the Air Force undertook some of the most perilous operations ever undertaken. More about the Indian Air Force .

About India

India is one of the oldest civilizations in the world with a kaleidoscopic variety and rich cultural heritage. It has achieved all-round socio-economic progress since Independence. As the 7th largest country in the world, India stands apart from the rest of Asia, marked off as it is by mountains and the sea, which give the country a distinct geographical entity. Bounded by the Great Himalayas in the north, it stretches southwards and at the Tropic of Cancer, tapers off into the Indian Ocean between the Bay of Bengal on the east and the Arabian Sea on the west.

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A Former US Army Officer Examines the World View of the Indian Military

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Interviews | security | south asia.

In a new book, a former U.S. Defense Intelligence Agency officer dissects perceptions and beliefs of Indian armed forces officers – and comes to some stark conclusions.

A Former US Army Officer Examines the World View of the Indian Military

As India-U.S. military cooperation deepens, there is growing interest in the worldview of Indian armed forces officers among policymakers and analysts in the United States and allied countries: how they perceive India’s strategic challenges and how they want to tackle them militarily. Colonel David O. Smith (retired), a distinguished fellow with the South Asia program of the Stimson Center and former senior U.S. Defense Intelligence Agency officer, has been a long-time analyst of South Asian military issues. In a new book, “The Wellington Experience: A Study of Attitudes and Values Within the Indian Army,” Smith — based on observations of U.S. military officers who attended India’s Defense Services Staff College (DSSC) in Wellington, Tamil Nadu, over a 38-year period, from 1979 to 2017 – examines prevalent perceptions within the Indian armed forces about Pakistan, China, Kashmir and other core Indian national security issues. In an email interview with the Diplomat, Smith highlights the key points of his work.

Your study of the Indian Army follows a similar study you had conducted about Pakistan’s, based on experiences of U.S. students in the Command and Staff College at Quetta, which was published in 2018 . If I had to ask you to identify three points of commonalities between the two – despite obvious differences – what would they be?

There are so many areas of commonality in what was observed at Wellington and at Quetta that it might be easier to list the differences. But since that was not your question, I will give what I consider to be three of the most obvious ones: pedagogy and institutional culture, inadequacy of doctrine for modern warfare, and the distorted view each side has of the other.

First, not surprisingly since both institutions spring from the same parent, both Wellington and Quetta continue to employ the pedagogy they inherited from the British commonwealth model and rely on competitive examinations to select student officers from nearly identical backgrounds. Also observed at both institutions were what I described as “negative cultural behaviors” that promote cheating by using previous staff college solutions on exercises, tests, and research papers — what at Wellington is called PCK (previous course knowledge) and at Quetta is called chappa . The use of these techniques is so prevalent that it is part of each institution’s organizational culture. Also common to both institutions is the unwillingness on the part of the Directing Staff and senior officers to tolerate much, if any, creativity or unconventional thinking in exercises or syndicate room discussions. And finally, an evaluation process in both that reinforces the already strong cultural propensity not to question doctrine or the opinions expressed by senior officers.

Second, both institutions are army-centric in their focus and teach an outdated ground doctrine that virtually all Western students thought was more suited to World War II than a modern battlefield. Both are deficient in inculcating an appreciation for the roles of intelligence, combined arms operations, logistics, and aviation support. And ironically for a tri-service institution supposedly committed to inculcating “jointmanship” in all three services, perhaps only the more army-centric Quetta pays less lip service to providing effective joint training than Wellington.

Third, the intensity of feeling and a high level of emotionalism about each other was identical, with Indian students at Wellington and Pakistani students at Quetta both seeing the other side as “evil.” This emotive lens was in evidence during in wargames and exercises where both sides typically overestimated their own capabilities while simultaneously underestimating those of their putative enemy. Ironically, the top finishers in each institution, typically those who had served abroad in United Nations peacekeeping missions or attended foreign professional military education (PME) institutions — where they had come in contact with each other — did not exhibit such emotive views and admitted that they invariably became good friends in such external settings.

In your book, you note the Indian Army’s Pakistan focus, writing, “Although China is perceived as India’s major long-term security threat, there is reluctance to characterize it as an enemy.” In light of the ongoing Ladakh standoff, do you expect this attitude to change, in terms of China being clubbed along with Pakistan as a military challenge? If so, does that hold promise of deeper U.S.-India military-to-military ties?

The most frequently used word at DSSC to describe China was “competitor” despite the fact that by the end of the study all three groups of officers observed (senior officers, faculty, and students) ranked China as India’s principal external threat. Prior to Doklam in 2017, such ambivalence was reflected in the country as a whole by Pew Global Research polling, which showed that only 56 percent of Indians believed China’s growing military power was bad for India and only 51 percent thought China’s growing economy (with which India runs a growing trade deficit) did not bode well for the country. The post-Doklam meeting between Prime Minister Narendra Modi and President Xi Jinping at the BRICS summit in 2017 reinforced another attitude observed at DSSC — confidence that border disputes could be deescalated or contained through diplomacy and that an eventual peaceful resolution of the border issue was likely.

Whether such attitudes about China in the Indian military have changed appreciably since the Ladakh crisis is probably too early to determine with any confidence. The observations at DSSC can be explained by a variety of factors, the two most important being the sensitivity of the Indian Army about its poor performance in the 1962 war with China and fear of a similar “embarrassment” in the future, and the relative absence of an emotional lens about Sino-Indian relations unlike those that distort India’s relations with Pakistan and, to a lesser degree, with the United States.

It is likewise too early to determine if a closer U.S.-India military-to-military relationship is in the offing although this has been a long sought goal of the past four U.S. administrations. Several recent steps auger well for such an eventuality, two examples being the Quad foreign ministerial talks in Tokyo and India’s signing of the Basic Exchange and Cooperation Agreement for Geo-Spatial Cooperation (BECA) with the United States, both intended to help counter growing Chinese influence in Asia. On the other hand, India has always prized the concept of strategic autonomy and many retired senior Indian military officers advocate only a “plug in-plug out” military relationship with the United States which implies the desire to become closer in the event of a crisis and to withdraw when the crisis is past. I think it unlikely that there will ever be a NATO-like relationship between our two countries, but certainly there is wide latitude for improvements in interoperability between our two forces. How the new Biden administration will handle U.S.-India relationship is not yet known. One potential friction point will almost certainly involve a future decision about granting or denying India a CAATSA (Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act) waiver if it continues to buy large amounts of Russian military hardware like the S-400 surface-to-air missile system.

One of your study findings is that Indian army officers continue to exhibit mistrust when it comes to the United States despite deep political convergence between the two countries. Could you elaborate on that for Diplomat readers who haven’t had the opportunity to read your book yet? In your opinion, is there a variation of opinion about the U.S. among the three Indian armed services?

This was perhaps the most surprising (and disappointing) finding of the study. All three groups of Indian officers at the DSSC (in all three services) continue to mistrust the United States, which they consider to be neither an ally, a true friend of India, nor a trustworthy security partner. This finding would not have been surprising anytime in the first few decades of the study, but in light of the hyperbolic official rhetoric both sides have used in the past decade to describe the bilateral relationship, it is disappointing to say the least. Possibly the most insightful characterization of the current state of the relationship came from one of the most recent DSSC graduates I interviewed,, who characterized the Indian military’s perception of the United States as a friend from whom one can get many things, but to whom nothing needs to be given in return.

The principal reason for such a persistent level of mistrust over time is obviously the U.S. relationship with Pakistan. This relationship has been on a sharply downward trajectory since 2011, but that fact seemed not to have made any discernible impact on Indian students’ perception of the direction of the U.S.-India relationship. The difficulty of forgiving and overcoming these slights is likely due to the strength of persistent historical memory in South Asia. Even after 70 years, the experience of partition continues to poison India-Pakistan relations and in large measure still fuels the Kashmir insurgency. Another example is the USS Enterprise sortie into the Indian Ocean in 1971, which continues to be seen by India as a nuclear threat made by the United States. In all four decades of the study period, the Enterprise incident repeatedly resurfaced as the classic example of American perfidy, symbolizing perhaps an unspoken fear that in the event of a future war with Pakistan the United States would intervene similarly to deny India the fruits of victory.

Recently we have seen a push toward theater commands and greater jointness among the three services in India after the appointment of a chief of defense staff (CDS) last year. How do you assess these developments?

The appointment of a CDS is certainly a step in the right direction, but General Bipin Rawat has become India’s first CDS without a promotion to a five-star rank. I assume this means he merely will be “first among equals” within the Indian military hierarchy and without formal command authority over them. He is also concurrently designated as the secretary of a newly created Department of Military Affairs (DMA) within the Ministry of Defense, which gives him direct access to that ministry. But the devil is always in the details, and it remains to be seen whether the general will be sufficiently empowered to impose real jointness on what will almost certainly be three very reluctant service chiefs, or whether he will ultimately become a ceremonial military figurehead like Pakistan’s chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee.

I tend to agree with Indian scholar Anit Mukherjee who warns of three potential pitfalls in this new setup: first, the DMA is a uniquely Indian creation for which there is no precedent among the world’s democracies; second, the department is seemingly based on an assumption that military and defense affairs can be differentiated without creating confusion and bureaucratic turbulence; and third, the military’s current PME policies and short and rapid tenure system do not augur well for the ability to properly staff the new department. Mukherjee and other Indian defense analysts also note that the remit of the new CDS includes creating several joint theater commands. At the present time the Indian armed forces have only two joint commands and 17 single service commands, seven each for the army and air force and three for the navy. General Rawat apparently has decided to begin with low-hanging fruit, creating joint commands for logistics and a joint air defense command that combines the resources of the army and the air force, and will leave the much thornier issue of creating joint regional commands for a later time. It will certainly be interesting to see how it all turns out.

You write “The Indian Army ignores its own counterinsurgency doctrine in Jammu and Kashmir, and the extrajudicial killing of militants is an unacknowledged feature of that doctrine.” Could you elaborate on this? How do you compare the Indian army’s record in this regard with that of the United States and its allies’ during the global war on terror and beyond?

Let me answer the second part of the question first. A common attitude at Wellington is that India has gotten counterinsurgency right and the United States has not. Part of the explanation is rooted in the high level of distrust toward the United States mentioned earlier and is based on an Indian variant of schadenfreude , the feeling of pleasure or self-satisfaction derived from witnessing the failure or humiliation of another, in this case toward anything unsuccessfully undertaken by the United States. But the question that really should be explored is why the Indian Army believes its internal security doctrine is superior when the historical evidence supports a contrary conclusion. Of the four internal counterinsurgency operations, only one might charitably be considered as successful – the Khalistan insurgency. The two longest-running insurgencies – in northeastern India and the Naxalite movement – are at best simmering but “under control.” The last – Kashmir – is still going strong after 30 years, and in the past four years has become reinvigorated.

The first part of the question is more complex and is dealt with at length in the book. Briefly, the prime direction of India’s doctrine of sub-conventional operations is WHAM — winning the hearts and minds of the local population in the area of insurgency. The Indian Army has sometimes embraced this concept, but more often, and certainly since 2016, has ignored it. The abuses of the Kashmiri civilian population by the army and Rashtriya Rifles, including rape, torture, murder, and disappearances, have been widely reported for the past 20 years in the international media and by any number of credible organizations. Such techniques were defended staunchly by then army chief Rawat, who in 2017 stated, “This is a proxy war and proxy war is a dirty war. It is played in a dirty way… People are throwing stones at us, people are throwing petrol bombs at us… I have to maintain the morale of my troops who are operating there.”

This quotation fuels within the army a narrative that the situation in Jammu and Kashmir is not an insurgency where WHAM is central to winning, but a proxy war to be fought with no such consideration. This fosters the attitude among both military and police units that Pakistan, not poor governance, is the proximate cause of the situation, and that local Kashmiri militants are not disaffected or misguided citizens but traitors to their country who deserve harsh treatment. This lends an emotive potency to Kashmir that was and remains absent in every other counterinsurgency campaign undertaken by the Indian army.

What do you assess to be the greatest strength of the Indian army? Its biggest weakness?

Let me say in conclusion what may not be apparent to your readers in my answers to the previous questions put me — that I am a longtime observer and a longtime admirer of the Indian Army. I was privileged during my army career to visit India many times in an official capacity and to observe Indian Army units in the north, south, east, and west (and in the middle as well) of the country, and to have visited any number of PME schools as well. The human capital of the Indian Army is superb — well disciplined, well trained, and willing to accomplish any task given — as good as any army in the world. Similarly, its officer corps is professional, dedicated to serving the nation, and the senior leadership is the equal of any army in the world. The criticisms I have made in my book hopefully will be seen for what they are intended to be — as objective, constructive criticism that is intended to promote positive change in an institution that I greatly admire.

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Transformation of the indian armed forces: future challenges.

Early in his second term, Prime Minister Narendra Modi embarked on an ambitious vision for defense reforms. By creating the post of Chief of Defence Staff (CDS), whose first incumbent was the late General Bipin Rawat, the government is currently undertaking arguably the greatest post-independence transformation of the Indian military. Central to this initiative is the debate surrounding integration of the armed forces. Integration refers to the process by which the army, air force, and the navy discard their single service approach and embrace a joint vision. Such integration has occurred in most large militaries, such as the United States and China. A process as complex as this is bound to have its share of challenges. However, perhaps the most critical one relates to the challenge of India transitioning from a single service approach to a joint entity.

Modi’s decision to create a CDS has created significant change and generated debates within the Indian military. One of the more consequential debates pertains to the precise role of the CDS. In a December 2019 note, the government clearly indicated that the CDS will not exercise military command “so as to provide impartial advice to the political leadership.” This implied that the CDS would not be a part of the command chain. This chain, in any military hierarchy, flows from a battalion or its equivalent in the army, a squadron in the air force, or a ship in the navy, to the top echelon of the organization. In India, this culminates at the level of the chiefs of the three services. However, with the creation of integrated headquarters (which have representatives from all three services), as has been envisaged and announced, no single chief will be in a position to exercise command over them. And the CDS who represents all three services will not exercise military command over them. Within this organizational arrangement, how will military commanders interact with political decision makers?

The Indian military has been a relative latecomer to creating integrated military structures. There have been misgivings regarding entrusting command of all three services to a single individual—in this case, the CDS. Over the decades, this played a major part in not going in for the appointment despite repeated recommendations in its favor. By appointing the CDS, this government successfully overcame these objections. However, the operational role of a CDS remains unclear, with two major options available to the government to ensure clarity in this regard.

The first option is for the CDS to remain in an advisory role without being a part of the chain of command. In this case, the highest joint structure that gets created (the proposed joint theatre command) will report to the defense minister. This is, in some ways, how the political leadership in the United States interacts with the military, wherein the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee (the CDS counterpart), only has a coordinating and advisory role.

The second option is to bring the CDS and the team of service chiefs within the chain of command to function as a collective command body, with the CDS as its head. This group, called the Chiefs of Staff Committee (COSC) in the Indian context, then becomes an intermediary between civilian leadership and subordinate military commanders. This will ensure the CDS has a clear mandate and is responsible for its execution. However, doing so runs contrary to the guidance issued by the government in December 2019 (which needs rectification).

A CDS-led empowered COSC would be better suited for India—at least in the immediate future—for two reasons. First, the ongoing process of integration would likely result in a period of dissonance prior to settling down, requiring greater oversight by a professional body than was the case in the past. Eventually, once the newly created integrated structures matured, one could consider granting a coordinating and advisory role to the CDS and COSC. Second, such a step-by-step approach would smoothen the transition, especially during a period when India faces serious challenges along the unresolved borders with Pakistan and China.

If a CDS-led COSC does take on command responsibilities, then it becomes even more important that the distinctiveness the services have maintained and zealously guarded over the years is better integrated. This operates at multiple levels, from the most fundamental at the level of the soldier to the operational domain. Differences among services commence with the educational levels of soldiers, sailors, and airmen being recruited. While soldiers in the army continue to be recruited after clearing Class 10 examination, sailors and airmen need to qualify Class 12, with mathematics and physics as their subjects. Such differences continue within the services as well. For instance, orders on ships are passed in English, including technical terms used to describe various actions. On the other hand, in the army, despite vast linguistic differences, Hindi is more commonly used when communicating with soldiers.

Additionally, over the years, each service has created its human resource parameters to suit their conditions. Air force fighter pilots retire at 54, naval officers at 56, and army officers at 54, with the provision for re-employment thereafter for four years. Naval officers who get promoted to the rank of captain (equivalent to colonel in the army) are automatically eligible for promotion to the next rank as commodores (equivalent to brigadiers in the army). However, this is not followed in the air force and the army. Annual confidential reports of all three services follow a different format and grading parameters. What is considered outstanding in one service may well lead to supersession in another, as the rating is likely to be viewed poorly.

While these and many more aspects can still be overcome through sustained effort, what really sets the services apart is their distinct service culture. While this is understandable and even desirable when related to specific responsibilities, it is most likely to become evident during military operations when cultural differences come to the forefront. A soldier who has operated in the grey zone of counterterrorism thinks and functions very differently from one who has followed the peacetime rule book, wherein, the black and white are clearly delineated. Over time, this becomes a character trait with officers as well, making officers from the three services look at operational, and by extension, routine peacetime situations very differently. This does not imply that structural integration, and more importantly, the meeting of hearts and minds is a lost cause. On the contrary, these challenges suggest that decision makers and especially the services need to take these aspects into account as they press on with the reforms.

With the creation of the CDS, India embarked upon a much-delayed process of integration of the armed forces and the defense establishment. The success of this initiative depends, to a large extent, on clarifying the mandate of the CDS and the ability of the military to set aside its service-specific perspectives and define a singular approach to its professional responsibilities. Politicians need to imagine the appointment of the CDS, and other associated reforms, as the first step toward military transformation, not an end. That, above all else, is perhaps the greatest takeaway from this process.

Colonel Vivek Chadha (Retd) is a Research Fellow at the Manohar Parrikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses and the author of CDS and Beyond: Integration of the Indian Armed Forces (Knowledge World Publishers, New Delhi, 2021) .

This article is the first in a two-part guest-edited IiT series. The articles in this series seek to make sense of the changing dynamics of India’s security and foreign policies. On August 15, 2019, soon after returning to power, Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced his decision to create a Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) with an explicit mandate to carry out much needed defense reforms. This fulfilled a long-pending demand from military reformists and initiated the process for perhaps the most significant post-independence defense reforms. However, despite some progress, as highlighted by author Colonel Vivek Chadha, “the operational role of a CDS remains unclear.” For this initiative to succeed, he contends that “politicians need to imagine the appointment of a CDS, and other associated reforms, as the first step toward military transformation, and not an end.”

(guest editor: anit mukherjee , rsis, nanyang technological university).

India in Transition ( IiT ) is published by the Center for the Advanced Study of India (CASI) of the University of Pennsylvania. All viewpoints, positions, and conclusions expressed in IiT are solely those of the author(s) and not specifically those of CASI.

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We sleep comfortably in our homes because we know that even if we are not alert, there are some people who are always aware so that we can be safe. These people are part of the country's Army. Likewise, the Indian Army is known all over the world for its strength, which is dedicated to protecting Indians from dangers. It was known as British Indian Army prior to 1947 (before India's Independence). The British Indian Army was founded on April 01, 1895, along with the East India Company's presidency army. However, the Indian Army was later included in the presidency army in 1903. At that time, the princely states had their armies, which then got merged into the national Army after the liberation. In India, the Army got formerly established on January 26, 1950, which was the first Republic Day. Its colour, gold, red and black, depicts its great strength in itself. "Service Before Self", translated in Hindi as "???? ???? ????:", is the sole motto of this force. It is at present headquartered in the Integrated Defence Headquarters at the Ministry of Defence, New Delhi.

The Indian President is the Supreme ordering officer, i.e. Commander-in-Chief, of the Indian Army. At present (2022), the Commander-in-Chief of the Army is Shrimati Draupadi Murmu. However, both the chairs, such as the Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) and the Chairman of the Chief of Staff Committee (CCSC), are vacant. General Manoj Pande, PVSM, AVSM, VSM, ADC is the present Chief of the Army Staff (COAS), whereas the Vice Chief of the Army Staff (VCOAS) is Lieutenant General B. S. Raju, UYSM, AVSM, YSM, VSM. Some of the other recognized and notable commanders who helped raise India with pride through their work towards the country are General K. S. Thimayya, DSO; Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw, MC; Field Marshal K. M. Cariappa, OBE; and others.

The bravery displayed by the soldiers on the war field is recognized by awarding the soldiers. The awards are distributed by the President of India. Some notable awards or honours include Param Vir Chakra, Maha Vir Chakra, Ashoka Chakra, Kirti Chakra, Shaurya Chakra and Vir Chakra. These awards are given based on individuals' bravery in showing gratitude. Many of the Indian Army personnel have been awarded these awards.

The Indian Army is a group with a large number of members than any other Indian Armed Force. Indian Army is based on land, unlike the Indian Navy and the Indian Air Force, which are based on water and air, respectively. The ranks are mainly carried forward since the Britisher's time. They are General, Field Marshal, Colonel, Lieutenant General, Brigadier, Lieutenant Colonel, Major General, Lieutenant, Major, Captain, and Officer Cadet. The Indian army officers are assessed for promotions and appointments through different merit-based training courses. Promotions to and equivalent to lieutenant colonel are based upon service period, whereas those of colonel rank and above depend on selection and promotion to colonel.

Indian Army is divided into seven command regions, basic field formation being a division. Under these divisions lies the regiment, which is permanent in nature. Each regiment is responsible for the recruitment and training of its soldiers. Each of the units and regiment of the Indian Army has its own history and achievements, within and outside of India, before 1947. More than 80% of the active defence officers are in the Army, which is an all-volunteer force. Being one of the largest standing armies in the world, the Indian Army has 960,000 reserve troops and 1,237,117 active troops, according to reports. At present, the Ministry of Defence is looking forward to the infantry modernization program of the Army, which is popularly known as the Futuristic Infantry Soldier As System (F-INSAS). It is also enhancing and obtaining newer assets for its artillery, armoured and aviation branches.

Let us have a quick look at the brief history of the Army since its formation. As already said, it was unified as the Indian Army by the Britishers in 1885. Till then, it was under their command as their Presidency army. However, the Military Department was created by the East India Company's government earlier in 1776 itself. The military department in the East India Company kept records of the orders issued to the Army by various departments of governance. The Britishers said the Army to be "the force recruited locally and permanently based in India, together with its expatriate British officers". The British Army units which were posted in India for a tour of duty were known as British Army in India. In contrast, the Army of India was said to be the combined force of the Indian Army and British Army in India. The organization was designed in such a way that its main priority was to maintain the supremacy of the British Empire worldwide. That Army not only kept looking at the internal security of the British Rule but also fought many wars, such as the First Anglo-Sikh wars; the Second Anglo-Sikh wars; Anglo-Burmese Wars for control over North-east India; the First opium war with China, the Second Opium war with China along with France, the Boxer Rebellion in China; First Anglo-Afghan war in Britishers and Kabul; Second Anglo-Afghan war in which Britishers started the war with Afghanistan; and Third Anglo-Afghan war in which Afghanistan invaded British India and the World Wars.

After 1947, four out of ten Gurkha Regiments were sent to the British Army, and the rest Indian Army was divided into India and Pakistan. A Punjab Boundary Force was formed to help the police of Punjab during the partition, and later, it got disbanded. The departure of all the Britishers after independence replaced the higher ranks with the Indian officers, such as S. M. Shrinagesh, who was a major general and went on to become the third Chief of Army Staff (COAS). Similarly, Gopal Gurunath Bewoor was a colonel and became the ninth COAS; Lieutenant General K. P. Candeth was a brigadier. The officers commissioned by Viceroy were given Junior Commissioned officers posts, while the officers designated by the King were given Indian Commissioned Officers positions. This all happened in the April of 1948.

Every year on 15 January, India celebrates its Army Day. This day marks the takeover of Lieutenant General K. M. Cariappa as the first commander-in-chief of the Indian Army in 1949. The last English commander-in-chief of India was General Sir Francis Butcher, and Cariappa's tenure was posted with effect from the first Republic Day.

The first priority of the Indian Army is to cater for the security of the nation, its unity and integrity, defence from any kind of external aggression and internal threats, and to keep peace and security within the borders. The Army also manages rescue missions at the time of natural disasters, calamities or any other disturbances, displaying their humanitarian face. Some of the major wars and engagements involving the Indian Army are as follows - 2020-2022 China-India issue, 2020-2021 India-Pakistan border issue, 2019 India-Pakistan border issue, 2016-2018 India-Pakistan border issue, 2016 Indian Line of Control strike, 2014-2015 India-Pakistan border issue, 2013 India-Pakistan border issue, 2011 India-Pakistan border issue, 2008 Indo-Pakistani standoff, 2001-2002 India-Pakistan standoff, Kargil War, Siachen conflict, Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, Nathu La and Cho La clashes, Sino-Indian War of 1962, Second Kashmir War, Annexation of Goa, and First Kashmir War.

Not only in India, but the Indian Army also has an impact worldwide. In the Korean war of 1950-53, the 60 Parachute Field Ambulance was sent to assist the UN troops. However, it was decided not to send any combat forces to the war field earlier. Back in India, the Army initiated Operation Vijay when the government's attempts to negotiate with the Portuguese colonial heads failed. This operation was undertaken to take over the Portuguese colonies of Goa, Daman, and Diu in 1961 and establish Indian rule. A dispute on the sovereign status of the Aksai Chin and Arunachal Pradesh border regions led to a war between India and China. China claimed the inheritance of the Aksai Chin region and also constructed the road, which triggered the war. Often small-scale clashes break out in both sides' forces due to the disputed McMahon line. China's suspicion of India's presence in Tibet also led to such clashes.

The false belief of the Pakistani leaders of India, still coming up from the effects of the Sino-Indian War, led the Indian Army into the India and Pakistan war of 1965. In fact, India was better in the war with its strategic and tactical terms, but the fight was announced to be inconclusive. It was again on the issue of Kashmir's inheritance. Pakistan initiated it, which tried to trigger an anti-India movement in Jammu and Kashmir. Tashkent Declaration gave out the decision to return to the pre-war positions. India was then into back-to-back wars with its neighbours. Now, it was the Sino - Indian conflict. The Chinese Army was defeated in this scene in Sikkim. With this, the Army did not forget about the internal disturbances. It launched Operation Steeplechase, along with the Indian Police force, para commando brigade, and Indian paramilitary against the Naxals in October 1969.

Next, in 1971, the Indian Army lent a helping hand to neighbouring East Pakistan (now called Bangladesh) to get independence from the West Pakistani (now called Pakistan) forces. India gave its full support to the movement. Many Bengali refugees were given shelter, along with military backing. The war of liberation officially ended with the Shimla agreement in 1972. It next was again the conflict between India and Pakistan. Here, the Siachen Glacier was the point of issue. Although it was a part of Kashmir, it was nowhere demarcated on the maps in 1947. The US Army maps depicted the glacier as a part of Pakistan. India initiated Operation Meghdoot, pinched by these developments. Pakistan quickly responded to this, and clashes took place. Indian Army got control of the Sia La and Bilafond La passes, along with the Siachen Glacier. Pakistan attempted to regain power in 1987, 1990, 1995, 1996, and 1999 but was still unsuccessful.

For internal harm and the terrorist, too, the Indian Army has played a crucial role. It initiated Operation Blue Star and Operation Woodrose to counter the Sikh insurgents. It helped maintain law and order in Jammu and Kashmir, along with paramilitary forces. As Indian Peace Keeping Forces, a troop was sent to Sri Lanka in 1987. The operation 'Golden Bird' was completed successfully in 1995. One of the most complex and important tests of the Indian Army was the Kargil War. At that time, both countries had recently conducted nuclear tests. In this conflict, the Pakistani paramilitary and the insurgents of the region took control over the deserted strategic heights of the Himalayas, which were to be occupied by Indian forces back in spring. Pakistan supported the troops with arms and supplies. After the Washington Accord, Pakistan agreed to take back its Army. But, some attacks last for a few more days. As the war ended, India had control over the territory, as settled in the 1972 Shimla Agreement. In 2016, India launched Surgical Strike on the terrorists' launch pads in Pakistan-occupied Kashmir in response to the attack made by Pakistani militants on an Indian army base near Uri. The Indian Army is also part of many of the United Nations peacekeeping missions, so far 43.

There are many rescue operations taken by the Indian Army, such as the operation Surya Hope. Not only had this, on request of the government, the Indian Army also intervened to cope with any internal threat. Some of the significant operations run by the Indian Army include Operation Meghdoot, Operation Cactus, and Operation Vijay. Many peace exercises have also been held by the Indian Army, such as the exercise Shoorveer and the operation Brasstacks. Many peacekeeping missions of the United Nations, such as those in Angola, Cambodia, Congo, Cyprus, El Salvador, Lebanon, Liberia, Mozambique, Namibia, Somalia, South Sudan, and Vietnam, have seen the Indian Army as its primary component.

Each country has its own Army to help defend the nation from external threats along its borders. However, it also aids in many other functions internally and externally. Although different countries have different uniforms, equipment, and tactics, the primary purpose of each country's Army (or military) is to protect its people. Similarly, the Indian Army is dedicated to protecting Indians and their freedom and establishing peace in the nation.

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Indian Army Essay – 10 Lines, Short and Long Essay For Kids

Key Points To Remember When Writing An Essay On Indian Army For Lower Primary Classes

10 lines on indian army in english, a paragraph on indian army for children, short essay on indian army in english for kids, long essay on indian army for children, what will your child learn from the essay on indian army.

Our chests swell in pride and respect when we talk about the Indian army. The glory and the passion of the Indian army go beyond words. The Indian army is a prestigious segment of our nation that has ensured India’s national security, pride, and unity. The army secures our international border to provide peace for our country from external threats like wars so that the economy of the nation and livelihood of the people remain on track. An army person stays alert in the face of danger and works endlessly to maintain peace and unity in our country so that everyone can sleep at night without any worries. We have prepared a lot of insight about our Indian army that will be helpful for kids to write an essay on the Indian Army for classes 1, 2 and 3.

The Indian army is one of the most disciplined professions in our country that demands dedication and fitness throughout the service. Given here are a few points to remember when writing an essay on the Indian army for lower primary classes –

Start with the introduction of our armed force and a brief about its structure
Mention the various accomplishment of the Indian army
Consider mentioning the history of the Indian army and its legacy
There are multiple ranks and posts in the Indian army. Elaborate

Soldiers are the most courageous and focused individuals that have the most clarity about their objectives when on missions. There are a lot of skills that students can learn from our Indian army. Here are a few lines on Indian Army essay for classes 1 and 2 in English –

The Indian army is an integral part of India, ensuring its safety and unity.
The President of India is the supreme commander of the army.
The armed personnel is the most reputed person in our country, and they receive a lot of appreciation and love from the peoples of India.
Our military capacity is the 4th strongest in the world.
The armed personnel sacrifices their lives in border clashes or tensions, so the rest of India live a peaceful life.
Various regiments in our army are divided on their competence and skills.
Various medals are awarded to the armed forces for their bravery, including Param Vir Chakra, Maha Vir Chakra, and Vir Chakra.
So far, our armed forces have battled three prominent wars with Pakistan and one with China.
Indian armed forces have been on numerous peacekeeping missions, notably in the civil war of Sri Lanka.
Several initiatives and schemes have been launched to increase the size and capacity of the armed forces, the recent being the Agneepath scheme.

The Indian Army is India’s prominent strength pillar, symbolising India’s dominance and courage on the world map. Given below is a paragraph on the Indian army for children.

Indian army originated under the name “British Indian army” in the latter half of the 19th century. The British Indian Army had a significant role in maintaining the dominance of the Britishers in India and throughout the world. It also helped Britain in both the world wars. Around 1.7 to 2.5 million soldiers participated in the world war, prominently in the second world war in Singapore and other eastern Asian countries. Army life is not easy as it needs strength, patience, perseverance, and a high level of patriotism to serve the nation all the time. Trained personnel with incredible strength and sheer willpower makes the Indian army. The Indian army is the reason we sleep peacefully at home as we know someone is watching over us.

Indian armed forces have been characterised as a hero in Indian Cinema who fight for our country and protect it at any cost. Their contributions to the nation are indescribable in words. Here is a short essay for classes 1, 2 and 3 on the Indian Army

Symbol of courage, passion, dedication and patriotism, the Indian army needs no introduction. Divided into three segments: Indian Army, Indian Air force, and Indian Navy, The Indian armed forces are the main asset of the country. Army operates on land-base and monitors enemy activity near border areas, while the air force protects airspace and the Navy forces keep a tab on Indian waters. Indian army stands at the second position in the largest army list in the world, with about 1.23 million personnel employed in an active role and another 9.6 lakh in reserves. Military intelligence also evaluates various external threats and cyber attacks just like any other intelligence wing of a country. Indian soldiers follow a strict regime that allows them to remain healthy and attain unmatched stamina. Indian army owes their reputation to the sacrifice they make as they stay away from their families for longer periods to defend the nation from unpredictable danger. The Indian army has an important place in India’s popular entertainment culture, ranging from movies to theatre. The movies glorify and cultivate the idea of patriotism in the general people by showcasing the unmatched bravery of soldiers.

The Indian army is foremost responsible for protecting the country against any kind of attack. It also lends a helping hand to other government agencies in dealing with emergencies and terrorism in our country and rescuing people during extreme natural calamities like floods, earthquakes, etc. Here is a long essay for class 3 kids –

The importance of the Indian armed forces can’t be described in words. As the Indian army has a huge force and is divided into various regiments based on regions and competence—for instance, the Madras regiment, Rajputana rifles, Sikh regiment, etc. After the Independence of India, the army underwent significant reforms for the smooth functioning of the task and safety of the country. Indian army since then has fought four major wars and has been part of many minor or major clashes to ensure the nation’s security. The army personnel lives a very disciplined life to adjust to any situation during a crisis. They are trained to display patience, power, perseverance, and patriotism. The loss of life in the army is unavoidable; however, the pride lies in serving the nation until the last breath. The death of armed personnel causes a lot of suffering for families. But, the glory of their name remains forever embedded in the hearts of fellow citizens.

History And Significance Of The Indian Army

The Indian army has its origin in the armies of the East India Company, which eventually became the British Indian Army, and the armies of the princely states, which were merged to become The Indian National Army after independence. The army has diverse histories and participation in different battles, mainly in the first and second world wars on behalf of the British crown. The Indian army is responsible for our country’s safety and ensures every part remains free from any kind of attack or crisis. It is crucial for national security and unity.

Role Of The Indian Army Towards India

National Security: The primary importance of the Indian army is to ensure national security and unity, defend the nation from external threats, and maintain peace and security within its borders. It is a significant component of national power and has been engaged in many operations like Operation Vijay, Operation Meghdoot, and Operation Cactus.
Rescue Operation: It conducts many rescue operations during natural disturbances and calamities. One of the significant examples is Kedarnath’s natural calamity. Here Indian Army served humanity and set an example of bravery and serving.
Nation Building: Along with the Indian Navy and the Indian Air Force, the Army has been at the forefront as the nation’s principal force engaged in maintaining unity that further lead to nation building and its growth in the face of internal strife, communal strife, etc.

The first thing they teach in the Indian army is to follow the schedules and order religiously. Children can learn to stay on schedule and be disciplined by writing an Indian army essay.

1. At What Age Can One Join The Indian Army?

A citizen of India can join the Indian army at the age of 18 for a service of 15 to 20 years.

2. What Are The Different Types Of Indian Army Uniforms?

There are various Indian army uniforms- General duty uniform, Blue patrol, 6A/6B, Ceremonials uniform, Combats uniform, Black Comando uniform, Dungaree, smocks, etc.

3. Can Women Join The Indian Army?

Yes, the female candidates must be between 19 to 25 years old, have secured 50% in their graduation, and are eligible to be in the Indian army.

4. How Many Regiments Are There In The Indian Army?

As per the Press release dated 10th December 2021 of the Press Information Bureau of India (PIB), There are 27 infantry regiments in the Indian army. The oldest is the PARA regiment, which was raised in 1761, and the newest is 11GR, which was introduced in 1948.

The Indian army is the pride of India, and it teaches the importance of keeping the nation first before anything. Such essays are a source of inspiration for kids, and they should be encouraged to explore more such topics.

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Understanding the French and Indian War: Definition and Historical Impact

This essay about the French and Indian War explores its significance, origins, and impact on global history. The conflict, ignited in 1754 by territorial and economic disputes between Great Britain and France, involved complex alliances and Native American tribes. Key battles, such as the capture of Quebec in 1759, shifted the war’s momentum. The 1763 Treaty of Paris ended hostilities, reshaping North America’s geopolitical landscape and sowing seeds for future revolutionary ideals.

How it works

The French and Indian War emerges from the historical annals like an epic saga, interweaving threads of power struggles, diplomatic complexities, and the unfolding drama of colonial ambitions. Although often overshadowed by more celebrated conflicts, its significance remains indisputable, resonating far beyond its own time and place. To truly understand its essence, one must delve deeper than mere recounting, exploring its unique narrative and the profound consequences it unleashed on the global stage.

This conflict, born against the backdrop of imperial rivalries, erupted in 1754, its roots embedded in territorial disputes and economic imperatives.

Great Britain and France, locked in a centuries-old contest for dominance, found themselves embroiled in a struggle for supremacy over the vast territories of North America. At stake were not only lands and resources but also the very future of colonial ambitions in a rapidly changing world.

The war’s origins lie within a complex web of alliances, rivalries, and strategic maneuvers. France, with its extensive network of trading posts and military outposts, aimed to strengthen its control over the lucrative fur trade and expand its territorial reach into the continent’s heart. Britain, determined to protect its interests and consolidate its colonial holdings, viewed French encroachments with increasing alarm, setting the stage for a confrontation that would reshape the fate of nations.

However, this conflict was far from a simple clash of empires. Native American tribes, caught in the crossfire of European ambitions, played a crucial role in shaping the course of events. Some, enticed by promises of protection and trade, sided with one power or the other, while others strove to maintain their independence amidst the chaos of war. Their shifting allegiances added layers of complexity to an already intricate narrative.

As the war unfolded, it unleashed a torrent of violence and upheaval across the frontier. From the dense forests of the Ohio Valley to the rugged terrain of the Appalachian Mountains, battles raged and fortunes shifted as both sides fought for dominance. Heroes and villains emerged, their names etched into history as symbols of bravery and sacrifice in the face of overwhelming odds.

Yet amidst the chaos of war, moments of unexpected valor and humanity shone through. Figures like George Washington, a young and ambitious officer in the service of the British crown, rose to prominence on the battlefield, their strategic acumen and leadership qualities earning them admiration even from their adversaries. On the opposite side stood individuals like Louis-Joseph de Montcalm, the gallant French commander whose chivalry and honor garnered respect from both sides.

In 1759, the tide of war decisively turned in favor of the British with the capture of Quebec, a victory that marked a turning point in the conflict. The fall of this strategic stronghold signaled the beginning of the end for French hopes of victory, paving the way for the eventual triumph of British forces. In 1763, the Treaty of Paris ended hostilities, formalizing Britain’s dominance in North America and reshaping the continent’s geopolitical landscape.

But the legacy of the French and Indian War extends far beyond the signing of a treaty or the redrawing of borders. Its impact resonated across continents and through the corridors of power, shaping the destinies of nations and leaving an indelible mark on the collective memory of generations. For Britain, the war brought both glory and hardship, fueling imperial ambitions while also sowing the seeds of discontent that would later blossom into revolution. For France, defeat signaled the decline of its colonial aspirations, hastening the fall of a once-mighty empire.

And yet, amidst the devastation of war, seeds of hope were planted. The ideals of liberty, equality, and self-determination, forged in the crucible of conflict, found fertile ground in the hearts and minds of a new generation. The French and Indian War, for all its tragedy and strife, ultimately paved the way for the dawn of a new era, one defined by the aspirations and dreams of those who dared to defy the odds and carve out their own destiny.

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Third term for Modi likely to see closer defense ties with US as India’s rivalry with China grows

FILE-Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi arrives at the Red Fort to address the nation on the occasion of Independence Day in New Delhi, India, Aug. 15, 2015. (AP Photo/Saurabh Das, File)

FILE-India’s Prime Minister Narendra Modi offers a toast during a State Dinner with President Joe Biden at the White House in Washington, Thursday, June 22, 2023. (AP Photo/Susan Walsh, File)

FILE - Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, center, unveils the logo of ‘Make in India’ initiative in New Delhi, India, Sept. 25, 2014. (AP Photo/Saurabh Das, File)

FILE- Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, left, talks with Chinese President Xi Jinping at a signing ceremony by foreign ministers during the BRICS summit in Goa, India, Oct. 16, 2016. (AP Photo/Manish Swarup, File)

In this handout photo provided by the Press Information Bureau, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi walks with soldiers during a visit to the Ladakh area, India, July 3, 2020. (Press Information Bureau via AP)

In this handout picture provided by the Indian Navy, INS Vikrant, India’s first indigenously-built aircraft carrier, sails for sea trials from Kochi, India, Aug. 25, 2022. (Indian Navy via AP)

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NEW DELHI (AP) — Fresh from declaring victory in India’s election, Prime Minister Narendra Modi offered few details on the agenda for his third term, but went out of his way to underline he would continue to focus on raising the country’s military preparedness and clout.

That should come as good news to the United States and its other allies, as they focus increasingly on keeping China’s sweeping maritime claims and growingly assertive behavior in the Indo-Pacific region in check.

“The government will focus on expanding defense production and exports,” Modi told a crowd of supporters at his party’s headquarters after election results came in. He spoke of his plan to increase security by lowering India’s dependence on arms imports. “We will not stop until the defense sector becomes self sufficient.”

Defense cooperation with the U.S. has greatly expanded under Modi, particularly through the so-called Quad security grouping that also includes Australia and Japan.

It’s a two-way street, giving the U.S. a strong partner neighboring China, which Washington has called its “pacing challenge,” while strengthening India’s defense credibility against a far more powerful rival.

“India is currently a frontline state as far as the Americans are concerned,” said Rahul Bedi, a New Delhi-based defense analyst. “The Indian navy is a major player in the Indian Ocean region.”

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The defense relationship was also at the top of U.S. President Joe Biden’s agenda when he congratulated Modi on the election results.

In a call, “the two leaders emphasized their deepening the U.S.-India comprehensive and global strategic partnership and to advancing their shared vision of a free, open and prosperous Indo-Pacific region,” the White House said.

It added that National Security Advisor Jake Sullivan would soon travel to New Delhi “to engage the new government on shared U.S.-India priorities.”

It was about a year into Modi’s second term when India’s defense focus took a sharp turn toward China, when troops from the two nuclear neighbors clashed in 2020 in the Galwan Valley in the disputed northern border region of Ladakh and 20 Indian soldiers were killed.

“China really is India’s long term strategic challenge, both on the border and in the Indian Ocean as well,” said Viraj Solanki, a London-based expert with the International Institute for Strategic Studies.

“This has resulted in a number of defense partnerships by India shifting, or just focusing on countering China’s growing influence in the Indo-Pacific region,” he said.

Beijing has a close relationship with Pakistan, India’s traditional rival, and China has been increasing defense cooperation with India’s neighbors, including Nepal and Bangladesh, as well as the Maldives and Sri Lanka.

“China is really trying to engage more with these countries and develop its own influence and presence,” Solanki said. “I think that is a concern for New Delhi and something that will lead to increased competition in the Indian Ocean over the next few years.”

In congratulating Modi on the election results, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Mao Ning said that a “sound and stable ” relationship between India and China was “in the interest of both countries and conducive to the peace and development of the region.”

She also added that China stood “ready to work with India,” but her comments were significantly more muted than the Foreign Ministry’s remarks on Modi’s last win in 2019 — before the border fight . At that time, the Foreign Ministry called the two nations “important neighbors” and said China wanted to “deepen political mutual trust, carry out mutually beneficial cooperation and push forward the closer partnership between the two countries.”

Modi has always governed with his party in the majority, but after a lackluster performance in the election will now be forced to rely on coalition partners, and will face a stronger and invigorated opposition .

The main opposition Congress party is unlikely to challenge Modi’s defense reforms, but has been critical of how he has handled the border issue with China and may pressure him on that front, Bedi said.

“Modi has not been entirely truthful, or very economical with the truth as far as the situation in Ladakh is concerned,” he said. He referred to a Defense Ministry document that was published online, and quickly removed, which had suggested Chinese troops entered Indian territory during the 2020 confrontation.

“The opposition, I am sure, will raise questions and ask the government to come clean on what the real situation is.”

Under Modi’s program of military modernization and reform, his government has sought to grow the private defense manufacturing sector, a space previously occupied solely by the government-run organizations, and has eased foreign direct investment regulations to try and encourage companies to establish themselves in India.

In a flagship project, the country launched its first home-built aircraft carrier in 2022, part of a plan to deploy two carrier battle groups to counter China’s rising maritime power.

Much of India’s military equipment is of Russian origin, and delays on delivery and difficulties of procuring spare parts due to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has also provided impetus for India to diversify defense procurement, looking more to the U.S., France, Israel and elsewhere, Solanki said.

As it seeks to strengthen ties with India, Washington has agreed to a deal that will allow General Electric to collaborate with Hindustan Aeronautics to produce fighter jet engines.

Speaking at the Shangri-La defense conference in Singapore last weekend, U.S. Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin said the countries were also co-producing armored vehicles.

“The relationship that we enjoy with India right now is as good or better than our relationship has ever been,” he said. “It’s really strong.”

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I'm a Marine and Army veteran, and I found my post-military career purpose in college

An austin peay state university graduate, this essay's author benefited from programs such as the gi bill. veterans with a college degree have a lower unemployment rate and higher income potential..

When I left the military, I was lost.

I joined the Marines after the events of Sept. 11, 2001. I saw the planes hit the towers and spent the morning in downtown Manhattan searching for my sister in the chaos. Born and raised in the Bronx, I knew my life was changing that day. What I didn’t know was just how much.

I spent four years in the Marines, then joined the Army, where I spent another eight years serving at bases across the country. My military service was marked by dedication and leadership. But in 2015, at the age of 32, I was diagnosed with cancer and was medically discharged from service. After 12 years, I was suddenly back in civilian life, without the purpose I’d had for so long.

I had no idea how to assimilate. Feeling lost, I spent a year dealing with depression and trying to figure out what to do with my life. Thankfully, there was a ready-made pathway available for me: getting my college degree.

What the data says about employment and income for veterans

As a veteran, I’m grateful for government-funded benefits like the GI Bill , which assists with tuition, housing and other educational expenses for eligible veterans, active-duty service members and their dependents. Additionally, the Yellow Ribbon Program also helps offset educational costs. In certain instances, the GI Bill may not cover all expenses. However, collaborations between colleges, universities and the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) ensure funding gaps are addressed to offset any additional costs.

I took full advantage of these programs and would not have been able to go to school without them. I enrolled at Austin Peay State University in 2018, and my experience there helped me discover my purpose outside of the military.

I know firsthand the importance of a four-year degree for veterans, and the numbers back it up.

Veterans with a college degree have a lower unemployment rate (2.6%) compared to those with just a high school diploma or GED (3.9%) . The same study also indicated that veterans with bachelor’s degrees have an average annual salary of $84,255, significantly higher than their non-veteran counterparts’ average salary of $67,232.

You've served your country. Now let the G.I. Bill serve you

Several universities provide veteran-friendly environments

That’s not to say attending college post-service is easy. Many veterans are older than the traditional student and often juggle other priorities like balancing family or a full- or part-time job while continuing their education. Like me, many are first-generation college students. These factors can often make veterans feel alone and disconnected.

While the additional challenges may seem daunting, colleges and universities are here to help veterans pursue a four-year degree. Personally, I chose APSU due to its veteran-friendly approach, resources and the community I found. They are fully committed to supporting the military, veterans and their dependents, and they even have a satellite campus at Fort Campbell to make it easier for military members to attend classes.

APSU consistently provides a welcoming and inclusive environment for veterans and their families, and offers a wide range of scholarships specific to veterans through their Military and Veterans Affairs Division. They also value the skills and knowledge veterans obtain through service, regularly awarding credits based on experiences reflected through an individual’s military transcript.

The decision to earn my college degree from APSU is one of the best decisions I’ve ever made and positively changed my life as a civilian. With the help of higher-education institutions across Tennessee, more veterans can have the opportunity to integrate their military skill set into the civilian workforce, advance their careers and change their lives. My advice to veterans considering higher education would be “go.” You won’t regret it.

Edgar Maldonado is an APSU career adviser and a former Marine who advocates for military and veteran students enrolled at APSU. APSU is part of Four the Future, a statewide initiative to showcase the value of a four-year degree for Tennesseans. Learn more at fourthefuturetn.com .

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Big money, safe houses: What NEET 'paper leak' probe reveals

Amid the neet row, candidates in bihar paid rs 30 lakh in exchange for getting leaked papers and were sent to safe houses to mug up answers and then dropped to examination centres to prevent information leakage, as per preliminary probe..

Listen to Story

Kumar further said that the NEET results for candidates who received grace marks might be reevaluated.

NEET candidates in Bihar paid over Rs 30 lakh to get leaked question papers
9 candidates summoned by Bihar Police for questioning
So far, 14 people, including junior engineer, arrested in case

As the NEET exam row continues to rage, sensational confessions to the Bihar Economic Offences Unit (EOU) have indicated widespread lapses in the conduct of the medical entrance examination this year. In their confessional statements, suspects said candidates paid exorbitant prices of over Rs 30 lakh in exchange for the leaked papers.

On Saturday, the agency issued notices to nine candidates asking them to arrive at their Patna office with evidence for questioning their association with the 'solver gang'. All the candidates were from different districts of Bihar and were asked to arrive on Monday and Tuesday. The testing agency National Testing Agency (NTA) is yet to respond to the latest developments.

This came after Union Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan maintained there was no scope for any malpractice or irregularities in the conduct of any exam.

"Every aspect is being looked into. Accountability will be fixed and depending on the nature of the lapse, action will be taken. There is no scope for any malpractice or irregularities in the conduct of any exam. We will not tolerate that. The accountability of NTA will also be fixed if lapses are found," Pradhan said.

While probing the nexus involving the 'solver gang', the Bihar EOU had found the roll numbers of 13 candidates, of which four were arrested earlier. The EOU then sought the information of the nine candidates from NTA along with a reference question paper.

SENSATIONAL CONFESSIONS

So far, the EOU arrested 14 people after a Special Investigation Team (SIT) was formed to probe the alleged malpractices. India Today has exclusively accessed the confessions of the arrested accused to the police which indicated exchange of money for the question papers. The statements claimed that medical aspirants paid over Rs 30 lakh each to the 'brokers' for the question papers.

During the course of his interrogation, a 56-year-old junior engineer with the Bihar government, Sikandar Kumar Yadavendu, confessed his role. In his confessional statement recorded by the district police, Sikandar accepted his involvement and said he met Nitish and Amit Anand -- the duo who ran an educational consultancy firm -- at his government office in Patna, where they agreed to work for the nexus together.

Sikandar, in his confessional statement, confessed that he was in touch with the families of some NEET aspirants, after which financials were bargained.

Sikandar claimed that Amit and Nitish got hold of the question paper on May 4, and had assembled the candidates in a safe house in Ramkrishna Nagar locality in Patna. He was later arrested along with Akhilesh and Bittu by the police during its routine checking when several NEET admit cards were noticed.

HOW NEXUS OPERATED

According to a preliminary investigation, one of the arrested accused, Nitish Kumar, who had been sent to jail in the Bihar Public Service Commission Teacher Recruitment Examination (BPSC TRE) case might be the catch. As he got involved again, the EOU suspects the same group led by Sanjeev Singh in Bihar's Nalanda was also involved.

They approached students through shady educational consultancies and coaching groups. One of the arrested accused, Amit Anand, ran an unregistered educational consultancy in Patna.

Breaching of chain of custody from a printing firm to the examination centre after compromising the staff of such agencies was the modus operandi. After getting the questions, the nexus made students assemble in safe houses and made them mug up the answers. The same group then dropped the candidates at exam centres to prevent information leakage.

A Chinese military buff inadvertently bought 4 books of military secrets for under $1

A military history buff in China appears to have made an alarming discovery after picking up four books for less than $1 at a neighborhood recycling station

BEIJING — A military history buff in China appears to have made an alarming discovery after picking up four discarded books for less than $1 at a neighborhood recycling station: They were confidential military documents.

The country’s Ministry of State Security told the story in a social media post on Thursday, praising the retired man for calling a hotline to report the incident. It identified him only by his family name, Zhang, and did not say what the documents were about.

“Mr. Zhang thought to himself that he had ‘bought’ the country’s military secrets and brought them home,” the post reads, “but if someone with ulterior motives were to buy them, the consequences would be unimaginable!”

The post, which was reposted on at least two popular Chinese news websites, was the latest in a series by the powerful state security agency that appears to be trying to draw in new audiences with dramatic stories. Some have been told in comic-book style.

The campaign seems designed to raise awareness of the importance of national security at a time when confrontation with the U.S. is rising and both countries are increasingly worried about the possible theft or transfer of confidential and secret information.

The post describes Zhang as a former employee of a state-owned company who likes to collect military newspapers and periodicals. It says he found two bags of new books at the recycling station and paid 6 yuan (about 85 cents) for four of them.

State security agents rushed to the station after Zhang reported what had happened, the post says. After an investigation, they found that two military employees charged with shredding more than 200 books instead got rid of them by selling them to a recycling center as paper waste — 30 kilograms (65 pounds) in all — for about 20 yuan ($2.75).

The agents seized the books and the military has closed loopholes in the handling of such material, the post says.

China’s opaque state security bodies and legal system often make it difficult to tell what is considered a state secret.

Chinese and foreign consultancies operating within the country have been placed under investigation for possessing or sharing information about the economy in an apparent broadening of the definition of a state secret in recent years.

Associated Press video producer Penny Wang in Bangkok and researcher Wanqing Chen in Beijing contributed.

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Women in Indian army have proved their steel time and again. According to a recent study released by Defence website Military Direct, after China, superpower USA and Russia, India has the 4 th strongest military power in the world. The Indian Army is well-equipped with powerful equipment and weapons. The Indian Army has 296 aircraft of its own.
Essay on Indian Army for Students
500 Words Essay on Indian Army Introduction. The Indian Army, an integral part of India's defense system, is the world's second-largest standing army. It is a beacon of discipline, bravery, and service to the nation, working tirelessly to ensure the safety and security of the country's borders and maintaining peace within its territory ...
Essay On Indian Army (Short & Long)
Short Essay On Indian Army. The Indian Army is the land-based branch of the Indian Armed Forces, which is responsible for the protection and defense of India's territorial integrity and national interests. Established in 1895, the Indian Army has a rich history of valor, bravery, and sacrifice.
(PDF) The state of the Indian military: historical role and
While doing so it covers three main subjects - the role of the. military in nation-building, contemporary challenges, and defence. reforms. This covers a wide range of issues, from the military ...
Indian Armed Forces
The Indian Armed Forces have been engaged in a number of major military operations, including: the Indo-Pakistani wars of 1947, 1965 and 1971, the Portuguese-Indian War, the Sino-Indian War, the 1967 Cho La incident, the 1987 Sino-Indian skirmish, the Kargil War, and the Siachen conflict among others.
Essay on Indian Army
10 Lines on Essay on Indian Army 150 Words. Indian Army is the part of India that contributes itself to the safety and unity of India. It first originated under the name of the 'British Indian Army'. There are three uniformed parts of the Indian army - the Indian Army, the Indian Navy, and the Indian Airforce. Armies in India were first ...
Essay on Indian Defence System
500 Words Essay on Indian Defence System Introduction to the Indian Defence System. The Indian Defence System is a robust and comprehensive structure that safeguards the nation's sovereignty and territorial integrity. It comprises the Indian Army, Navy, Air Force, and the newly instituted Defence Space Agency and Cyber Agency.
My India My Pride
Indian Air Force. The Indian Air Force was officially established on 8th October 1932, and on 1st April 1954, Air Marshal Subroto Mukherjee, one of the founding members of the Air Force took over as the first Indian Chief of Air Staff. With the passage of time, the Indian Air Force undertook massive upgrading of its aircraft and equipments, and ...
Essay on Indian Soldiers
Speech on Indian Soldiers; 250 Words Essay on Indian Soldiers Introduction. The Indian Army, the backbone of our nation, is a symbol of courage, discipline, and selfless service. Indian soldiers, known as the 'Bravehearts of India', play a pivotal role in maintaining peace, security, and unity in the country.
Essay on Indian Army
Indian Army Essay 10 Lines (100 - 150 Words) 1) Indian Army is responsible for protecting the people of India. 2) Indian Army is the land-based defence team that forms the Indian Armed Forces. 3) The Indian Army is headed by the Chief of Army Staff (COAS). 4) The headquarter of the Indian Army resides in New Delhi, the capital of India.
A Former US Army Officer Examines the World View of the Indian Military
November 10, 2020. Credit: Flickr/Wendy North. As India-U.S. military cooperation deepens, there is growing interest in the worldview of Indian armed forces officers among policymakers and ...
India's Military Modernization Plans and Strategic Underpinnings
As India is emerging a important strategic partner for the U.S. in the Asia-Pacific, Gurmeet Kanwal assesses the progress of India's military modernization and argues that in order to achieve interoperability with U.S. and other friendly armed forces, the Indian military needs to create force structures capable of undertaking network-centric warfare on land, at sea, and in the air.
India's Quest for Defence Indigenisation: A Case Study of the Indian
As India embarks on the path of Atmanirbharta (self-reliance), it is crucial for the political and military decision-makers to understand what, why and how the above-mentioned projects, particularly the naval ones, became successful, so that their success can be replicated elsewhere. In the absence of such an understanding, India will find it difficult to increase the share of indigenous ...
Transformation of the Indian Armed Forces: Future Challenges
Early in his second term, Prime Minister Narendra Modi embarked on an ambitious vision for defense reforms. By creating the post of Chief of Defence Staff (CDS), whose first incumbent was the late General Bipin Rawat, the government is currently undertaking arguably the greatest post-independence transformation of the Indian military. Central to this initiative is the debate surrounding ...
Essay on Indian Army
Essay on Indian Army. We sleep comfortably in our homes because we know that even if we are not alert, there are some people who are always aware so that we can be safe. These people are part of the country's Army. Likewise, the Indian Army is known all over the world for its strength, which is dedicated to protecting Indians from dangers.
Indian Army Essay
Here is a short essay for classes 1, 2 and 3 on the Indian Army. Symbol of courage, passion, dedication and patriotism, the Indian army needs no introduction. Divided into three segments: Indian Army, Indian Air force, and Indian Navy, The Indian armed forces are the main asset of the country. Army operates on land-base and monitors enemy ...
Understanding the French and Indian War: Definition and Historical
This essay about the French and Indian War explores its significance, origins, and impact on global history. The conflict, ignited in 1754 by territorial and economic disputes between Great Britain and France, involved complex alliances and Native American tribes. Key battles, such as the capture of Quebec in 1759, shifted the war's momentum.
India election 2024: Modi's third term may see closer defense ties with
Updated 8:03 PM PDT, June 6, 2024. NEW DELHI (AP) — Fresh from declaring victory in India's election, Prime Minister Narendra Modi offered few details on the agenda for his third term, but went out of his way to underline he would continue to focus on raising the country's military preparedness and clout. That should come as good news to ...
Essay on Indian National Army
500 Words Essay on Indian National Army Introduction to the Indian National Army. The Indian National Army, also known as the Azad Hind Fauj, was a military force formed by Indian nationalists during World War II in 1942. Its main goal was to fight against British rule in India with the help of Japan, which was then fighting Britain in the war.
Indian Military Releases RFP For Combat Helo Full Production
Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd. (HAL) has received a request for proposals (RFP) from India's Defense Ministry to supply 156 Light Combat Helicopters (LCHs) to the Army and Air Force, the state-owned ...
I'm a Marine and Army veteran, and I found my post-military career
Veterans with a college degree have a lower unemployment rate (2.6%) compared to those with just a high school diploma or GED (3.9%). The same study also indicated that veterans with bachelor's ...
NEET paper leak: Bihar candidates paid for leaked papers ...
As the NEET exam row continues to rage, sensational confessions to the Bihar Economic Offences Unit (EOU) have indicated widespread lapses in the conduct of the medical entrance examination this year. In their confessional statements, suspects said candidates paid exorbitant prices of over Rs 30 lakh in exchange for the leaked papers.
Pakistan spies pose as Indian girls to honeytrap desi defence ...
A beehive of Pakistani spies posing as young Indian women with alluring names honeytraps officials in Indian defence establishments, reveal court papers about Nishant Agrawal, a former scientist ...
A Chinese history buff finds military secrets in a pile of old papers
Chinese state media said Thursday, June 13, 2024, that a military history buff found a collection of confidential documents related to the country's military in a pile of old papers he bought ...
NeurIPS 2024 Call for Papers
Call For Papers. Abstract submission deadline: May 15, 2024. Full paper submission deadline, including technical appendices and supplemental material (all authors must have an OpenReview profile when submitting): May 22, 2024. Author notification: Sep 25, 2024. Camera-ready, poster, and video submission: Oct 30, 2024 AOE.

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