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Bhanubhakta Acharya

Poet, author, 1814 – 1868, who was bhanubhakta acharya.

Bhanubhakta Acharya The first poet of Nepal. He translated the great epic 'Ramayana' from Sanskrit to Nepali. Born to a Brahmin family in 1814 in Tanahu, he received at home an excellent education with a strong leaning towards religion from his grandfather.

Nepalese people commemorate 29th Asar as "Bhanu jayanti", the birthday of Bhanubhakta Acharya, who is also more popularly known as "Nepal ka Adikavi".

"Adikavi" in reference to Bhanubhakta had first been used by Motiram Bhatta. While writing a biography of Bhanubhakta in 1881 AD, Motiram described him as Adikavi, not because he was the first poet in Nepali. As Motiram himself recognized, there were many poets before Bhanubhakta. Instead, he argued that Bhanubhakta deserved the title because he was the first poet who wrote with an understanding of the "marma" of poetry.

Bhanubhakta was a first Nepali poet who translated the great epic "Ramayana" from Sanskrit to Nepali. His writing was significant in the then Nepalese society where common people did not have access to this great epic. Only people belonging to Brahmin families were educated and could read and write Sanskrit. His translation of Ramayan in Nepali language was a milestone in Nepali literature as it was written in common language understood by all.

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Submitted on July 23, 2013

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Bhanu Bhakta Acharya: The Luminary of Nepali Literature

Explore the life, works, and enduring legacy of bhanu bhakta acharya, the renowned nepali poet and the pioneer of nepali literature. discover his selflessness, literary milestones, and the profound impact he had on nepal's cultural identity..

Introduction

In the kaleidoscope of Nepali literature, one name stands out as a shining star, illuminating the path of culture, language, and identity. Bhanu Bhakta Acharya, born on July 13, 1814, in the picturesque village of Chundi Ramgha in Tanahun district, Nepal, is a name synonymous with literary eminence. His contributions have transcended time and continue to resonate, providing a testament to the enduring legacy of a man whose words breathed life into the Nepali language. In this comprehensive exploration, we delve into the life, works, and profound influence of Bhanu Bhakta Acharya, who not only bridged the linguistic diversity of Nepal but also emerged as a symbol of selflessness and cultural richness.

A Lesson in Selflessness: The Grass Cutter's Impact

Bhanu Bhakta Acharya's journey was shaped not just by his literary pursuits but also by a serendipitous encounter that left an indelible mark on his soul. In observing a humble grass cutter laboring by the roadside, he learned a lesson in selflessness. The grass cutter's dedication to serving his community, even at the cost of his own comfort, was a powerful revelation for Acharya. It inspired him to write the poignant "Ghansi" poem, which emphasized the value of simplicity and selflessness, questioning the worth of his own affluence in the light of such noble acts.

The Literary Milestone: Translating the Ramayana

Bhanu Bhakta Acharya's most celebrated contribution is the translation of the Ramayana into the common Nepali language. In his time, Sanskrit held literary dominance, limiting access to a select few. Bhanu Bhakta's translation was not just a linguistic achievement; it was a cultural watershed that made this revered epic accessible to the masses. Rendering the epic in poetic form, he preserved its lyrical essence and inner meaning. His translation breathed new life into the Nepali language, providing a cultural touchstone that united a diverse nation.

Literary Contributions Beyond the Ramayana

While the translation of the Ramayana is a cornerstone of his legacy, Bhanu Bhakta Acharya's literary contributions extend far beyond this monumental work.

Celebrating Kathmandu Valley: "Kantipuri Nagari"

In "Kantipuri Nagari," Acharya lavishly praised the Kathmandu Valley and its inhabitants. His vivid verses painted a colorful picture of the valley's beauty and the warmth of its people. This poem is an ode to the cultural and historical richness of the Kathmandu Valley, offering a poetic lens into one of Nepal's most iconic regions.

A Garland of Devotion: "Bhakta Mala"

"Bhakta Mala" explores themes of devotion and spirituality. In this work, Bhanu Bhakta Acharya delves into the depths of religious sentiment, providing readers with a glimpse into the spiritual tapestry that defines Nepali society. His ability to convey profound religious ideas in a simple yet evocative manner is a testament to his literary prowess.

Poetry as a Medium of Devotion: "Roj Roj Darshan Paunchhu"

"Roj Roj Darshan Paunchhu," often referred to as "Bholi Kabita," captures the essence of devotion. Through verses like these, Acharya connects with the spiritual and cultural sentiments of the Nepali people, forging a profound bond with his readers.

The Letter from Prison: An Act of Artistic Freedom

During a period of incarceration resulting from a misunderstanding, Bhanu Bhakta Acharya displayed his artistic ingenuity. He composed a compelling petition in verse form, addressed to the Rana prime minister, pleading for his freedom. This poetic plea not only secured his release but also earned him a financial reward, highlighting his profound connection with words.

A Life of Significance: "Aadikavi"

The title "Aadikavi" aptly bestowed upon Bhanu Bhakta Acharya acknowledges his pioneering role as the first poet in Nepal to write in the common Nepali language. Although he wasn't the first poet in the nation's history, he was the first to break away from the dominion of Sanskrit and pave the way for others to follow. This title, first used by Motiram Bhatta in his biography, underscores the significance of Acharya's contributions to Nepali literature.

An Enduring Legacy: A National Hero

In 1955, a national commission led by renowned playwright Bal Krishna Sama declared Bhanu Bhakta Acharya as one of Nepal's "rashtriya bibhutis" or national heroes. This honor cements his status as an icon of Nepali culture and literature. His recognition as a national hero underscores the profound impact he had on the nation's identity.

Commemorating a Legacy: Bhanu Jayanti

To celebrate his enduring contributions to Nepali literature, people around the world observe Bhanu Jayanti on his birthday. This cultural festival, occurring on the 29th day of the Nepali month of Ashadh (generally on July 13), is a testament to the lasting legacy of Bhanu Bhakta Acharya. The day is marked by literary seminars, programs, and a remarkable presence of Nepalese writers, novelists, and literary enthusiasts. These celebrations are not just occasions of remembrance but also opportunities to keep his legacy alive and inspire future generations.

Bhanu Bhakta Acharya's life and literary contributions have left an indelible mark on the cultural fabric of Nepal. His translation of the Ramayana, the poetic beauty of his verses, and his selflessness in the face of prosperity have shaped not only the Nepali language but also the spirit of a diverse nation. As the "Aadikavi" and a national hero, Bhanu Bhakta Acharya remains an eternal source of inspiration for writers, poets, and all those who cherish the rich tapestry of Nepali literature and culture. His words continue to resonate as a guiding light, reminding us of the power of literature to unify, inspire, and transcend time.

• Bhanu Bhakta Acharya
• Nepali Literature
• Bhanu Jayanti
• Ramayana Translation
• Nepali Poet
• Nepali Culture
• Literary Legacy
• Ghansi Poem
• National Hero of Nepal

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First Nepali Poet Bhanubhakta Acharya

By Gopal Parajuli

Bharjanma ghaanstira mann diyi dhan kamayo Naam kyei rahos pachhi bhanera kuwa khanayo Ghansi daridra gharako tara buddhi kasto Ma Bhanubhakta dhani bhaikana aaja yasto!

[He gathered fodder all his life, and earned a little. With it, he got a well dug up, hoping it would give him some face. Though a poor man he was, how benevolent were his thoughts! Fie on me, Bhanubhakta; I did nothing, though quite well-off.]  

There is an interesting event that describes how Bhanubhakta Acharya  grew up to become a poet. One day, he was walking near a stream. He was completely exhausted, for, he had walked for a long time before reaching there. He sat on a stone under a tree and fell asleep in the cool shade of the tree. 

After a while, a Ghansi—grass-cutter—arrived. Singing a folk tune, he started gathering fodder. Bhanubhakta woke up hearing the song. He wanted to talk with the man; so, he asked, “What do you do with this grass, brother?” 

Ghansi replied, “I want to earn some money by selling it. I will spend some of it to bring up my sons and daughters. I will save some. I have already saved a little.” 

Bhanubhakta enquired again, “What do you intend to do with the saving?” 

Ghansi answered, “With some of my saving, I have got a well dug up. Now, I have a desire to have a shade built for travelers. This work will make me immortal after my death. What is there to receive after death? I will work very hard, and achieve this dream at all cost.”

Bhanubhakta was deeply moved by Ghansi’s words. Though he was poor, Ghansi worked for the welfare of others. That day onwards, Bhanubhakta decided to devote himself to the well-being of others. 

Bhanubhakta wanted to become famous. He realized that he had not done anything for others, though he came from a well-off family. While he was in deep thoughts, a flash of poetry occurred to his mind. The verses in the beginning of this text are some lines from the same.

Bhanubhakta Acharya became the first great poet of Nepali language and literature. He is, therefore, known ‘aadikavi’, the first poet. Though there had been poets before him, none had written in the language of the general people, and on one had gained so much of popularity as Bhanubhakta Acharya.

Acharya was born on 13 th July 1814 AD in a village called Ramgha of Tanahu in mid-western Nepal. His grandfather Shrikrishna Acharya was well-versed in Sanskrit language. Bhanubhakta studied Sanskrit at an early age with him, but soon he developed a very keen interest in Nepali language, the language of the common people. He translated the Ramayan from Sanskrit into Nepali in his original style. He also composed many beautiful and elegant poems that have remained all-time favorites of many readers till our own day. In addition to the Ramayan , he also produced works such as Prasnottar , Bhaktamala and Badhushiksha , that have become permanent treasures of Nepali literature for all time. 

Bhanubhakta was educated; so he could write poems when he wanted. He understood that if he translated the holy Ramayana from Sanskrit into Nepali, he could help the uneducated people, who had no access to Sanskrit language. He produced the Ramayana in Nepali language, which is today famous as Bhanubhaktako Ramayan . His translated the Ramayana is a simple read, and extremely lucid in its flow. People, who are able to read only the alphabet, can also read the Ramayaa . A few starting verses of his Ramayana read like this: 

Ek din Narada Satyalok pugigaya lokko garun hit bhani Brahma taahi thiya parya charanma khusi garaya pani.

[One day, Sage Narad reached heaven with a desire to do something for the welfare to the world. Brahma, the creator, was there. Narad fell upon His feet and pleased Him.]

Bhanubhakta visited Kathmandu from Ramgha twice or thrice in his life. Once he stayed at Balaju before reaching Kathmandu. He composed a poem about this place. The two verses of this poem are given below:

Yati dinpachhi maile aaj Balaju dekhyan Prithivital bharima swarg ho jani lekhyan

[After such a long time, I saw Balaju today and knew, it was paradise on earth.]

Bhanubhakta worked in an office in Kathmandu. He was imprisoned at Kumarichowk because he had failed to keep the accounts. He did not remain quiet, even inside the prison. He translated much of the Ramayana there, and wrote a few scrap poems. 

Bhanubhakta got entangled in a legal dispute about land with Giridhari Bhat. When the case was delayed, he wrote these verses addressed to a clerk at the court: 

Kati ma garaun bhanchhan bholi-bholi Bholi-bholi bhani saba ghara bityo, baksiyos aaja jholi

[How much should I do? You always postpone for the next day. Your postponement has jeopardized all my world now; take everything I have and finish me off.]

Bhanubhakta ridiculed the customs of his society through his poems. 

Bhanubhakta had a strong desire to contribute immensely in his life. Social systems were not in his favor. He was neglected by time and contexts. He encountered many obstacles every day. He could not free himself from the web of those hurdles. Whatever he did was marvelous, considering the highly conservative age he lived in. 

Bhanubhakta passed away at the age of 54 in 1868. His poems will always remind Nepali people of his contribution. As a poet, he has become a precious son of Mother Nepal. His half-size statue has been erected in front of Durbar High School to honor him. The erstwhile Durbar High School has now been named Bhanubhakta Memorial High School, after him. 

There are several statues of Bhanubhakta in Nepal and abroad, especially in Darjeeling, Kalingpong, and Sikkim. He is a true poet of the entire Nepali race. He has been declared a National Luminary.

We should not, however, forget young poet and biographer Motiram Bhatta, when we talk about Bhanubhakta. It was he who wrote about the poet and brought him into the limelight.  Bhatta came to know about Bhanubhakta, the poet who had composed beautiful poems, on hearing the recitation of Ramayana at his own marriage ceremony. His interest to devote his time and labor to literature grew more after he heard folk songs sung by Daaureni, a woman involved in the collection of firewood, and Ghaseni, a woman grass-cutter. He developed a profound love for his mother-tongue. With these inspirations, he published an original book of poetry called Manodweg Prabah in Banaras in the year 1881.  

Bhanubhakta was largely unknown to Nepali society, before the rise of Motiram Bhatta. Because of the efforts of Motiram, Nepali society came to know about Bhanubhakta. Motiram Bhatta published “Baal Kanda” the first section of the Ramayana in 1884 and the whole of the Ramayana in 1887 AD Thus, he made it possible for Nepali people to enjoy the verses of the Ramayana. 

Motiram Bhatta also wrote and published the biography of Bhanubhakta after conducting research on the poet’s life for three years. After this, hidden Bhanubhakta came to light. 

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Informative article. Similarly Naranath Acharya published authentic biography of Bhanubhakta.

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Biography of Bhanubhakta Acharya : Aadikabi of Nepal

Humans come into this world at birth. Many of them live their lives, pass away, and are completely forgotten two generations later. Few people, nevertheless, are able to have their names immortalized due to their outstanding deeds. Certain individuals are immortalized due to their extraordinary contributions to society, while others are immortalized due to their unique characteristics. Given the limited number of names, the Nepali poet Adikavi Bhanubhakta Acharya stands out as a prominent figure due to the enduring nature of his poems.

Bhanubhakta Acharya was undoubtedly one of the “one in a million” individuals who are said to be born exceptional. The most valuable asset Nepal could possess. His literary contributions to Nepal were a significant turning point. And even now, on his birthday, we commemorate Bhanu Jayanti in remembrance of his contributions. Numerous conferences, seminars, and other events are scheduled for this day with the aim of inspiring other undiscovered or emerging talents to come forward and make contributions to Nepali literature.

Bhanubhakta Acharya: Early Life

On July 13th, 1814 AD (1874 BS), Bhanubhakta Acharya was born. He was born in the Nepalese village of Chundi Ramgh in the Tanahun district. He came from a wealthy Brahmin family at birth. Shri Krishna Acharya, Acharya’s grandfather, provided him with an education. As the Governor of Palpa in western Nepal, his father, Dhananjaya Acharya, was employed by General Amar Singh Thapa as a government official.

Not much is known about his early years, but there is a tale that he was inspired to become a poet by a grass cutter who was labouring in intense heat to dig a well as a way to give back to the community. The grass cutter’s determination touched him.

The career of Bhanubhakta Acharya

Every work of literature produced at the time was written in Sanskrit, a language that was incomprehensible to the average person. Therefore, the works were only available to educated brahmins who had studied Sanskrit. However, Bhanubhakta Acharya began writing in Nepali and changed the metaphysical subject matter.

As a result, he contributed to the general popularization of Nepali literature and the language. He also won the support of the Rana family at the time. In order to make the epic Ramayana accessible to those who were not able to learn Sanskrit, Acharya also translated it into Nepali. In addition, he had a strong devotion to Lord Ram.

The reason Bhanubhakta Acharya is called Aadikabi is not because he composed the first poem in Nepali history, but rather because he was the country’s first poet to write in the language. He transformed Nepali into a language suitable for writing literary works. Since he was the first poet to comprehend the marma, or inner essence, of poetry, he is also bestowed with that title.

Bhanubhakta Acharya: Later Life

In 1868 AD, Bhanubhakta Acharya passed away (1925 BS). He was never forgotten, though. Even while he was alive, other notable authors and poets like Laxmi Prasad Devkota continued to eclipse his works. When Acharya passed away, his contributions went unacknowledged. After Moti Ram Bhatta discovered his manuscripts and published them, he became well-known and received the credit he deserved.

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Bhanujayanti: A tribute to Bhanubhakta from Nepal | Hamro Patro

ब्लग - साहित्य / नेपाली चाडपर्व तथा विशेष दिनहरू, bhanujayanti: a tribute to bhanubhakta from nepal.

Bhanubhakta's poetry in the Nepali language largely sustains as household rhythm and slogans, Bhanubhakta commenced the literary democracy in Nepal. I feel blessed to write about Nepali literature legend Bhanubhakta today, the one who started to write poems in Nepali so that an average Nepali could also grasp the taste of words and literature. At that time poems and formal literature were in the Sanskrit language, in this sense there was a great need and importance for scholars who could understand and explain the Sanskrit language. It was difficult for the common people to understand literature and artistic expression in the simplest sense. Bhanubhakta simplified the words and meanings and made literature accessible to everyone, a common Nepali was able to grasp the literary sense in his language so I refer to this as a literary democracy.  On the occasion of this year's Bhanu Jayanti, we welcome all Nepali speakers and language lovers. On the day of Asar 29th, every year Bhanu Jayanti is celebrated. Bhanubhakta Acharya was born in 1871 BS in a place called Chundi Ramgha in present-day Tanahu district to a wealthy family. He lived for 54 years.  As a Brahmin family was born, the education and upbringing of Bhanubhakta were done accordingly in religious and cultural disciplines. The present-day Nepali language was then called the "Khas" language and this language was limited to general expressions rather than written ones. With the defeat of the "Khas" kings in the 15th century, the "Khas" language was also gradually ignored. He was the first Nepali language poet to express the essence of emotion inside the alphabetic map of the Nepali language and words. That is why Bhanubhakta is called Adikavi. Bhanubhakta has immortalized his name because of his good deeds and outstanding contribution to the Nepali language. His father Dhananjaya Acharya was a government official, who worked for General Amar Singh Thapa. Later Bhanubhakta, the son of Dhanjaya Acharya became the first poet of Nepal to write in the Nepali language.  Bhanubhakta then transcribed the entire Ramayana from Sanskrit into simple Nepali. Surprisingly, even though it was translated, the Ramayana of the Nepali version is divinely a combination of verse and emotion. To put it more broadly, Bhanubhakta can be said to have expanded the easy access of all Nepali by simplifying study and knowledge through language.  Bhanubhakta has learned from his society and environment, so his work is a confluence of society and practicality. In the life of a Bhanubhakta, a grass cutter has inspired him, a simple grass cutter magnificently inspired Bhanubhakta and thus Bhanubhakta started his pursuit of words and meanings. Even though the grass cutter is poor, the money earned by cutting the grass digs a well for drinking water for society.  Even though Bhanubhakta is richer than Ghansi (Grasscutter), he feels remorse for not doing anything for society. Assimilating the fact of contributing to society, Bhanubhakta starts to contribute in his way, through words, meanings, poetry, and Nepali simplification of complex Sanskrit creations. The stories and sub-stories of Balakanda, Aranyakanda, Sunderkanda, Yuddhakanda, etc. in the Ramayana have provided entertainment, social, moral, and character education to the Nepali readers.  Although Bhanubhakta created many other works besides "Ramayana", he has largely survived in the Nepali simple version of Ramayana. Listening to the Ramayana recited by the villagers together is more enjoyable than watching the current 3D or 4D movies. In this sense, Bhanubhakta's simple Ramayana is the starting point of today's Dohori and folk songs for Nepali society. Bhanubhakta introduced the excitement of rhythm and its usage in songs, dialect, and lifestyles, Dohori is an example of this. Dohori is a typical dialogue based on the certain context of rural life, love, or issues where a male and female singer expresses their verdicts but in a rhythmic poetry form.  Here is the Ghansi poem, Bhanubhakta dedicated to his inspiration "Grasscutter"  भर् जन्म घाँस तिर मन् दिई धन कमायो  नाम क्यै रहोस् पछि भनेर कुवा खनायो  घाँसी दरिद्र घरको तर बुद्धि कस्तो  म भानुभक्त धनी भैकन किन यस्तो  मेरा ईनार न त सत्तल पाटिकै छन्  जे धन चीजहरु छन् घर भित्रनै छन्  त्यस घाँसीले कसरी आज दिए छ अर्ति  धिक्कार हो म कन बस्नु न राखि किर्ति  According to the context of the above words written by Bhanubhakta, he encountered a grass cutter who was saving a little bit of the money he made by selling the grass. This grass cutter wanted to build drinking water well for the service of the public. When Bhanu heard the poor person’s determination, he realized that he hasn’t done anything for the public despite having a lot of wealth. Thus, he started writing Ramayan in Nepali from Sanskrit.  Bhanubhakta's rhythm is completely different, that rhythm is still in Nepali vernacular. Many other poets after him have used this rhythm to recite their poems even today.  In the memory of Bhanubaje i.e. Bhanubhakta, Bhanu Jayanti is celebrated in Nepal, Darjeeling, and other regions of India and all over the world with Nepali speaking society, be it Myanmar, Nepal, India, Bhutan, or anywhere.  Bhanubhakta is not only a poet but also a master of the Nepali language and the rhythm of Bhanubhakta is still alive in every Nepali tongue. Many things were written against and with baseless criticisms of Bhanubhakta's contribution. There were also naked arguments that confine Bhanubhakta just as a translator, but those things are unfair to him. Translating verses and expressions, maintaining and even enhancing them, being able to be used by the masses for centuries and giving realistic proverbs, sayings, and rhyming expressions, and being able to institutionalize all aspects of the Nepali language is the full definition and identity of Adikavi Bhanubhakta. Adi means immortal and Kavi is a poet, Bhanubhakta shall always remain in the Nepali language.  Today's society, which defines hollow literature by exposing love stories and superficial frustrations, needs to learn a lot from the depth and simplicity of Bhanubhakta. One thing is clear, we probably need to study and explore more about the life of the great Bhanubhakta and his work. Motiram Bhatt and Bhanubhakta are names that come together. Yugakavi Moti Ram has published many other works of Bhanubhakta, while some even accuse him of writing most of the works of Bhanubhakta.  Although Motiram, who studied in India, had a special interest in Urdu, Persian, and other languages, his dedication to the Nepali language and especially to the works of Bhanubhakta, proclaimed the wide scope and Nepaliness of the Nepali language. Motiram Bhatt is a name not to be missed on Bhanu Jayanti. After Moti Ram's long biography of Bhanubhakta, published in 1941 BS, Bhanubhakta's multi-faceted works have come to the notice of the masses. Even in the Indian Encyclopedia, Bhanubhakta is openly explained.  The present generation needs to learn the language from Bhanubhakta. In the memory of the great man who united the scattered languages, the great poets of Nepal, it is celebrated all over the world today. It is important to understand that Bhanubhakta is not an option but Bhanubhakta is the basis of our love and belongingness to the Nepali language.  The study, research, and development of the Nepali language will be the true homage to Adikavi. The new Nepali generation who can entirely recite Shakespeare's poems and English songs are seeking an environment to know Bhanubhakta because Nepali first understand "Gai" and only connect the meaning of the Nepali word "Gai" with the cow. It is important to understand "Ama" first, only "mum" or "mother".  Bhanubhakta and his words remain immortal.  Suyog Dhakal

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तपाईँले आजको मिति भन्दा पछिको नोट हाल्नु भएको छैन । तपाईँले जन्मदिन, मिटिङ, सम्झनु पर्ने कुराहरु, बिल तिर्ने दिन आदि टिपोट टिप्न सक्नुहुन्छ ।

Bhanu Bhakta Acharya: 5 reasons why a poet became a household name in Nepal

Among the various famous names in the history of Nepal, Bhanu Bhakta Acharya is also one. Born on July 13, 1814, in Chundi Ramgha village of Tanahun district, he has made many contributions to the history of Nepali literature and unified the country amid the cultural and linguistic diversity with the Nepali language.

To commemorate his contributions to Nepali literature, people still celebrate Bhanu Jayanti on his birthday.

So, without further ado, on the day of Bhanu Jayanti , here are the five important contributions and events that made Bhanu Bhakta Acharya the household name we know today.

1. Translated ‘Ramayana’ in Nepali

His major contribution was translating the Hindu epic, Ramayana, into the common Nepali language. 

Back in the time, the Sanskrit language had its dominance. Every literature and book was written in Sanskrit. Hence, the literature and the ocean of knowledge was limited only to people with the knowledge of Sanskrit. The common people used to find it very hard to understand. So, he made a huge contribution by translating the literary works in Nepali. 

He wrote Ramayana in poetry form in Nepali. The Nepali scholars believe this translation preserved the lyrical essence of Ramayana and without distorting the inner meaning of the Hindu epic. Probably, this was the first-ever translation of any Sanskrit literature into the Nepali language. 

2. Taught selflessness to common people with his ‘Ghansi’ poem

Being born in a wealthy and highly respected Brahman family, Bhanu Bhakta Acharya lived life with ease and did not face any financial difficulties. One day, he met a ghansi (grass cutter), who sustained his life and family by working all day long. 

As history suggests, he saw the ghansi digging a well alongside the road. When he asked why he was wasting time instead of working, the ghansi replied he wanted to be remembered even after his death. And, he was doing it for the tired pedestrians and people who travel far to fetch water. Thus, he wanted to serve humankind with his act. Bhanu Bhakta Acharya was quite impressed with him and also wrote the following famous lines:

भर् जन्म घाँस तिर मन् दिई धन कमायो

नाम क्यै रहोस् पछि भनेर कुवा खनायो

घाँसी दरिद्र घरको तर बुद्धि कस्तो

म भानुभक्त धनी भैकन किन यस्तो ।

मेरा ईनार न त सत्तल पाटिकै छन्

जे धन चीजहरु छन् घर भित्रनै छन्

त्यस घाँसीले कसरी आज दिए छ अर्ति

धिक्कार हो म कन बस्नु न राखि किर्ति ।

Here, Acharya says that he was surprised with that act of the ghansi who was poor yet still working to help others. The poem became a masterpiece and left a mark on society.

3. Contributed to Nepali literature in several other ways

Not only the Hindu epic Ramayana, but Bhanu Bhakta Acharya has also translated many other Sanskrit literary texts into Nepali. 

His other various famous works of literature are namely, ‘Kantipuri Nagari’, ‘Ek Man Chitta Lagai Chakari Garya’, ‘Khwamit Yas Giridhaari Le’, ‘Baalaaji Dekhyan’, ‘Ma Bhanubhakta’, ‘Roj Roj Darshan Paunchhu’, ‘Prashnottar Mala’, ‘Bhakta Maala’, ‘Ram Gita’, and many more.

Once, he was sent to prison due to a small misunderstanding for signing some papers. Then, to demand his freedom, he wrote an apology letter to the Rana prime minister at that time. A petition to free him not only granted him freedom but was also given a bag of money. 

Similarly, he wrote a popular poem ‘Ma Bhanu Bhakta’:

पाहाड्को अति बेस देश् तनहुँमा श्रीकृष्ण ब्राह्मण् थिया,

खुप् उच्चा कुल आर्यबंशि हुन गै सत्कर्ममा मन् दिया।

विद्यामा पनि जो धुरन्धर भई शिक्षा मलाई दिया,

तिन्को नाति म भानुभक्त भनि हुम् यो जानि चिहन्नी लिया।।

4. Got titled as the ‘Aadikavi’ of Nepal

Bhanu Bhakta Acharya is honoured with the title ‘Aadikavi’ of Nepal. In the Sanskrit and Nepali languages, the word ‘Aadi’ means the first-ever and ‘Kavi’ means poet. So, he is known as the first-ever poet in the Nepali language. Motiram Bhatta first referred to him as ‘Aadi Kavi’ of Nepal while writing Bhanu Bhakta Acharya’s biography in 1981. Motiram Bhatta is also the poet who published all of Acharya’s manuscripts and works of literature.

Acharya was given the title of the first poet in Nepal not because he was the first-ever poet in the history of Nepal, but he was the first poet to write poems in the common Nepali language. After him, other writers also started writing literature in the Nepali language. 

5. Was named a national hero of Nepal

A national commission headed by another famous writer Bal Krishna Sama announced Bhanu Bhakta Acharya as one of the rashtriya bibhutis or national heroes of Nepal.

In 1955, playwright Sama was appointed by the then king Mahendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev. The commission that Sama headed enlisted 13 people, including Acharya, as national heroes to honour their individual contributions to the nation.

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All Information About Nepali First Poet (Aadikavi) Bhanubhakta Acharya With Bhanu Jayanti

Get some information about Nepali Poet Bhanubhakta Acharya. We have posted here some facts, information, and biography of Nepali poet Bhanubhakta Acharya. Read here online about aadikavi Bhanubhakta Acharya. He is the very famous person in Nepal. Must know about famous people of Nepal .

Information About Nepali Poet (Aadikavi) Bhanubhakta Acharya

Introduction to bhanu bhakta acharya..

Bhanu Bhakta is reflected as one of the mainstays of Nepali Literature, his impact stands live reference to his devotion and determination that he had shown towards Nepali Literature. Still today he is well-thought-out as one of the most reflective and enthused poet. Nepali literature industry scripts this excellent star as the “Aadi Kabi” in credit of his literary creations.

Bhanu Bhakta Acharya is a Nepali poet. He was Born in 1814 in Chudi Ramgha, Tanahu District. His adaptation of the Hindu epic, Ramayana, earned his reputation as the greatest literary figure of the Nepali language. He was known as Aadikavi Bhanubhakta Acharya.

Birth: 1871 BS

Death: 1926 BS

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Father’s Name:  Dhananjaya Acharya.

Birthplace of Bhanubhakta Acharya

Chundi Ramgha, Tanahu District, Nepal

Contributions of Bhanubhakta Acharya:

His contribution was great in the field of Nepali literature. During his time literary works could be written only in Sanskrit, Urdu and Hindi languages. He wrote poems in Nepali language and proved that poems could be written in the Nepali language as well. He translated Ramayan from Sanskrit to common Nepali language. It helped to develop the Nepali language throughout the country. He wrote several books in the Nepali language like Bhaktamala, BadhuShiksha, etc and made Nepalese literature rich and prosperous. He was the first poet to write poems in the Nepali language. So he is known as the Aadi Kabi which means the first poet.

Although the events of his life have subsequently been embellished as befits a figure of national stature, he, in fact, wrote most of his greatest work while imprisoned in Kathmandu because of irregularities in the tax affairs of his estate in the Terai.

When and why is Bhanu Jayanti celebrated?

Likewise marking his influence, Asar 29 the birth centenary of Bhanu Bhakta Acharya is renowned as a form of a national festival. He is privileged as a national star for his contribution in Nepali linguistic and literature.

Why is bhanubhakta acharya known as adikavi

Innate to a Brahmin family in 1814 at Chudiramgha of Tanahu, Bhanu Bhakta expected to teach home-based from his granddad.  He commanded a normal life until he met a grass cutter (ghasi) who sought to make well for people so he could reminisce after death.

Inspired by ghasi’s conducts, Bhanubhakta strong-minded to live with a determination and assist Nepali literature. He rosette to a reputation for the interpreted version of mystical Ramayana in Nepali when Nepali etymological was considered limited only to speech.

In previous times, the Sanskrit language conquered most of the inscribed texts and had a sturdy impact in the Nepali language. By decoding Ramayana, he made Nepali not only an existing language but also the dexterity of prose-poetry lettering with a grade of flawless success. He played a vital role in carrying Nepali literature from dusk to glare of persuasive.

Bhanubhakta Acharya short biography

Bhanu Bhakta Acharya was the son of Dhananjaya Acharya. South Asian dialects including Nepali was constrained for the most part to the oral medium of dialect scattering at the time with minimal composed setting and writing impact. As the majority of the composed writings of South Asia were overwhelmed by Sanskrit it was, for the most part, blocked off to the general people.

As the Brahmins were the class who exceeded expectations as educators, researchers, and clerics the entrance to every single religious sacred writing and other artistic works was just restricted to them and rare sorts of people who likewise could get training and comprehend Sanskrit.

Numerous artists had composed lyrics in Sanskrit while Acharya began to write in Nepali dialect which advanced the dialect as well as picked up him acknowledgment from the Rana Rulers . Acharya’s consideration towards Ram’s gallant adventures got him an earnestness to make his story available to the general population who communicated in Nepali.

Since the greater part of the general population did not comprehend Sanskrit dialect, he made an interpretation of the epic into Nepali dialect. Saving the expressive portrayal style of Ramayana his interpretations are accepted by researchers to convey the same melodious quintessence “Bhava and Marma” that as opposed to seeming like a sonnet sounded more like a tune without twisting the local impact or the inward significance of the Ramayana.

A brief history of Bhanu bhakta’s life

He didn’t get any western training nor was commonplace to outside writing which kept his work and experiential trip unique to the vernacular abstract framework and conveyed solid Nepali flavor to his works.

The key highlights of his compositions were straightforward yet solid with a feeling of religion, feeling of straightforwardness and the glow of his nation that very few of different artists had possessed the capacity to be contrasted with. Having a place with a rich family, he never had any money related inconvenience and had an unremarkable life until the point that he met a grass shaper who needed to offer remark society so he could be recalled after death as well.

The grass cutters words were what motivated him to accomplish something that would leave a check in the general public. He composed two perfect works of art in his life among which, one is the Bhanubhaktey Ramayan and the other is a letter he wrote in verse frame to the Prime Minister while he was in jail. He was made a substitute and sent to jail because of some misconception in marking the papers.

In jail, his wellbeing turned out to be awful and he was given bogus any desires for being sans set yet his case was not by any means heard. In this way, he composed an appeal to the Prime Minister asking for his flexibility, which later turned into his one of his awesome works.

He won his flexibility with his sonnet as well as given a sack of cash (He wrote in a similar dialect the then leader need to drive general society to utilize). When he kicked the bucket in 1868, he didn’t know he would multi-day be a standout amongst the most loved writers of Nepal .

It’s simply him and Laxmi Prasad Devkota who is known as the abstract divine beings in the nation. The main distinction between them is that crafted by Devkota are commended as much as the writer is while Acharya’s notoriety dominates his works. His creation, in any case, was not distributed and he kicked the bucket without accepting credit for his commitment.

His works were distributed by Moti Ram Bhatta in 1887 after he found the original copy and took it to Benaras, India for printing. One of the Acharya’s works is outstanding for its vivid, streaming acclaim for Kathmandu valley and its tenants.

In spite of the fact that he is a standout amongst the most celebrated and loved artists of Nepal, his works are not as popular as different writers in the historical backdrop of Nepali writing.

Every year Bhanu Jayanti is notable as a jumbo occasion with literary sessions and programs and amidst an extraordinary attendance of Nepalese writer, author and others. But the finest way to perform integrity to the influence of “Adikavi” is by elevating Nepali literature around the world as it still holds up overdue as associating to the other fictions.

Bhanu Jayanti, the anniversary of Nepali innovator poet “Adikavi” Bhanubhakta Acharya, on July 13 is renowned as a sign of nationality by Nepalese who are in and outdoor the country.

Commitments of Bhanu Bhakta Acharya.

Commitments of Bhanubhakta Acharya: His commitment was extraordinary in the field of Nepali writing. Amid his chance, scholarly works could be composed just in Sanskrit, Urdu and Hindi dialects. He composed sonnets in Nepali dialect and demonstrated that lyrics could be composed in Nepali dialect also.

He made an interpretation of Ramayan from Sanskrit to regular Nepali dialect. It created Nepali dialect all through the nation. He composed a few books in Nepali dialect like Bhaktamala, BadhuShiksha, and so forth and made Nepalese writing rich and prosperous. He was the main artist to compose sonnets in Nepali dialect. So he is known as the Aadi Kabi which implies the primary artist.

Despite the fact that the occasions of his life have accordingly been adorned as befits a figure of national stature, he in truth composed the vast majority of his most noteworthy work while detained in Kathmandu as a result of inconsistencies in the assessment undertakings of his domain in the Terai.

Bhanubhakta Acharya death

Bhanu Bhakta died in 1868.

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Bhanubhakta Acharya – National Heroes of Nepal

Nepali adikavi Bhanubhakta Acharya was born on 29 Asar 1871 in Chudi Ramgha of Tanahu District. He is the grandson of Shreekrishna Acharya and son of Dhanjay Acharya. His all family member were Brahmins scholar. So he also became a Brahmins of Sanskrit. He is well known as Nepali poet, translator and writer. He was the first nepali person to translate words of epic holy Ramayana from sanskrit to nepali and helped to develop the Nepali language throughout the country.

During his time, he was wrote poems in nepali language then reveled and honored by title of First-ever-poet (Adikavi) above and beyond having other present poet in the country. He has also written several story-books in the Nepali language like Bhaktamala, BadhuShiksha, etc and made Nepalese poetry rich and prosperous. . His biography is spiritualism. Spiritual feelings, divine views, religious beliefs are their poetic ideas. He also wrote a poem while he was eating, sitting, walking, and acting.

Bhanubhakta was born in wealthy Brahmins family. As the Brahmins, it was compulsory to exceeded expectations as academics and appearance to write sacred of religious. So, he had home-based education from in grandfather. His grandfather teaches him traditionally Sanskrit and general astrology. His life was like hostel life that controlled by his grandfather. Therefore, he gets well training and comprehends Sanskrit.

His life was not remarkable life until he met a grass cutter who wanted to give something to the society so he could be remembered after death too. The grass cutters words made inspired him to do something to leave a mark in the society after dead. His two masterworks in Nepali language were most popular, one is the “Bhanubhaktey Ramayan” and the other is a letter he wrote in verse form to the Prime Minister while he was in prison. He has been made a victim and sent to prison due to some mistake in signing the papers. In prison, his condition became bad and he was assumed false hopes of being agreed free but his case was not even heard. So, he wrote an appeal to the Prime Minister requesting his freedom, which letter became his one of his great works. After he get freedom, he was awarded by full of money bag.

Just like Prithvi Narayan Shah made Nepal geographically, the devotees also worked in different languages and languages as a Nepali race and the same Nepali language. He made the sacred epic like Ramayana, from the Verbal Verse of ordinary people; the words of Nepali language were widely used and gave it a literary form. The Ramayana translation managed to maintain emotional unity in the castes. The simplicity of simplicity found in it, sweetheart, has done the work of increasing interest in Nepalese. Therefore, he is a pity column of Nepali literature, formula of ethnic unity, conductor of national culture and a symbol of language unity.

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Nepali poet Bhanubhakta Acharya's 209th birth anniversary, a peek into the 'Adikavi's' life

ANI | Updated: Jul 13, 2022 12:08 IST

Bhanu Jayanti

Celebration of Bhanu Jayanti

Nepali poet Bhanubhakta Acharya

Wishes on birth anniversary of Bhanubhakta Acharya

Nepali culture celebration

Bhanu Bhakta Jayanti

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New Delhi [India], July 13 (ANI): Bhanu Jayanti, a special day commemorating the birth anniversary of the noted Bhanubhakta Acharya, widely regarded as the first Nepali poet and renowned for his translation of the epic Ramayana to Nepali, was celebrated with great pomp and show on Wednesday.

The poet known as ‘Adikavi’ is remembered for laying down the foundation stone of the Nepali language. It is celebrated by the Nepali people in India as well as across the world.

The Jayanti is celebrated by the people of Nepal, Darjeeling, Sikkim and various countries like Myanmar, and Bhutan. Bhanu Jayanti is annually held on the 29th day of the Nepali month of Ashadh.

The significance of the day is that it is a celebration of the Nepali culture including its literature and rituals. The Nepali poet was born on July 13, 1813 and later moved to Varanasi. He is known for translating epics like Ramayana into the Nepali language.

On this day, the Nepali people vow to preserve their culture and language and enrich it. The writer fraternity and its admirers remember the great works of Bhanubhakta Acharya.

Nepali Prime Minister Sher Bahadur Deuba extended his best wishes on the occasion.

“Bhanubhakta is a hero who has unified all through linguistics. His creations has unified all from Mechi to Mahakali,” Deuba said in a program today.

Sikkim Chief Minister Prem Singh Tamang unveiled a new statue of Bhanu Bhakta Acharya on Tuesday.

“Honoured to unveil the new life-size statue of Aadikavi Bhanu Bhakta Acharya at the newly renovated Bhanu Udhyan Singtam. Aadikavi Bhanu Bhakta Acharya was an eminent scholar who contributed immensely towards Nepali literature. His literary works had a tremendous impact at the socio-cultural level and his love, dedication for the language earned him the title of Aadikavi,” the Chief Minister tweeted.

Paying tributes to the Nepali poet, Darjeeling Police tweeted, “Tribute to Aadikabi Bhanubhakta Acharya, who translated the great epic Ramayana and Mahabharata from Sanskrit to Nepali. Remembering the great soul for his contributions to Nepali literature. Greetings on the auspicious occasion of Bhanu Jayanti!”

The Ministry of DoNER also extended greetings on the occasion and said, “Warm greetings to the people of #Sikkim on the esteem occasion of Bhanu Jayanti Bhanubhakta Acharya was the first writer to transcribe the entire Ramayana from Sanskrit to the Nepali language.”

Union Minister Rameswar Teli extended wishes on the occasion, “Bhanubhakta Acharya was a Nepali poet, translator and writer. He was the first writer to translate the great epic Ramayana from Sanskrit to Nepali. He is also honoured with the title of Aadikavi. Warm wishes on the auspicious occasion of Bhanu Jayanti!”

BJP leader Suvendu Adhikari also tweeted, “Immortalized with the title of Aadikavi; Bhanubhakta Acharya would be always revered for being the first to document literary works in the Nepalese language and translating the great epic Ramayana from Sanskrit to Nepali. My wishes on the auspicious occasion of Bhanu Jayanti.”

Bhanu Bhakta Acharya wrote Ramayana in poetry form in Nepali. Probably, this was the first-ever translation of any Sanskrit literature into the Nepali language.

He has also translated many other Sanskrit literary texts into Nepali.

Among his literary works are ‘Kantipuri Nagari’, ‘Ek Man Chitta Lagai Chakari Garya’, ‘Khwamit Yas Giridhaari Le’, ‘Baalaaji Dekhyan’, ‘Ma Bhanubhakta’, ‘Roj Roj Darshan Paunchhu’, ‘Prashnottar Mala’, ‘Bhakta Maala’, ‘Ram Gita’.

Bhanu Bhakta Acharya was honoured with the title ‘Aadikavi’ or first poet of Nepal because he was the first to write poems in the common Nepali language. After him, other writers also started writing literature in the Nepali language. .

Motiram Bhatta first referred to him as ‘Aadi Kavi’ of Nepal while writing Bhanu Bhakta Acharya’s biography in 1981. Bhatta is also the poet who published all of Acharya’s manuscripts and works of literature.

Bhanu Bhakta was also named as one of the rashtriya bibhutis or national heroes of Nepal. (ANI)

This report is auto-generated from ANI news service. ThePrint holds no responsibility for its content.

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Bhanubhakta Acharya Biography

Early life and education, literary career, notable works, external links.