what is rizal law essay

What is the Rizal Law? Description, Benefits, and Views

• Updated: December 12, 2023

Besides being the national hero of the Philippines, Dr. Jose Rizal was also known through time as the ‘First Filipino, ‘The Greatest Malayan’, and ‘Pride of the Malayan Race’, among others.

Many considered him a patriot , a genius, a master of all trades, a model brother, and an ideal son.

Active efforts to promote Rizalist values and culture are being made by the government, as well as Rizalist groups to encourage personal discipline, civic consciousness, and good moral character.

Republic Act 1425 – the Rizal Law – requires schools, colleges, and universities (both public and private), to include in their curricula the study of Rizal’s life and works, particularly his two novels:

Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo , to instill into students the ideals of nationalism and freedom.

In this article, we discuss everything you need to know about the Rizal Law , and why it’s important for Filipinos to study their life and work.

Rizal Law Description

Republic Act 1425 – the Rizal Law – requires schools, colleges, and universities (both public and private), to include in their curricula the study of Rizal’s life and works, particularly his two novels: Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo .

Below is a full transcript of the Rizal Law.

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 1425

AN ACT TO INCLUDE IN THE CURRICULA OF ALL PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SCHOOLS, COLLEGES, AND UNIVERSITIES COURSES ON THE LIFE, WORKS AND WRITINGS OF JOSE RIZAL, PARTICULARLY HIS NOVELS NOLI ME TANGERE AND EL FILIBUSTERISMO, AUTHORIZING THE PRINTING AND DISTRIBUTION THEREOF, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.

WHEREAS, today, more than any other period of our history, there is a need for a re-dedication to the ideals of freedom and nationalism for which our heroes lived and died;

WHEREAS, it is met that in honoring them, particularly the national hero and patriot, Jose Rizal, we remember with special fondness and devotion their lives and works that have shaped the national character;

WHEREAS, the life, works, and writing of Jose Rizal, particularly his novels Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, are a constant and inspiring source of patriotism with which the minds of the youth, especially during their formative and decisive years in school, should be suffused;

WHEREAS all educational institutions are under the supervision of, and subject to regulation by the State, and all schools are enjoined to develop moral character, personal discipline, and civic conscience and to teach the duties of citizenship; Now, therefore,

Courses on the life, works and writings of Jose Rizal, particularly his novel Noli Me Tangereand El Filibusterismo, shall be included in the curricula of all schools, colleges, and universities, public or private:

Provided, That in the collegiate courses, the original or unexpurgated editions of the Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo or their English translation shall be used as basic texts.

The Board of National Education is hereby authorized and directed to adopt forthwith measures to implement and carry out the provisions of this Section, including the writing and printing of appropriate primers, readers, and textbooks.

The Board shall, within sixty (60) days from the effectivity of this Act, promulgate rules and regulations, including those of a disciplinary nature, to carry out and enforce the provisions of this Act.

The Board shall promulgate rules and regulations providing for the exemption of students for reasons of religious belief stated in a sworn written statement, from the requirement of the provision contained in the second part of the first paragraph of this section; but not from taking the course provided for in the first part of said paragraph.

Said rules and regulations shall take effect thirty (30) days after their publication in the Official Gazette.

It shall be obligatory for all schools, colleges, and universities to keep in their libraries an adequate number of copies of the original and unexpurgated editions of the Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, as well as of Rizal’s other works and biography.

The said unexpurgated editions of the Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo or their translations in English as well as other writings of Rizal shall be included in the list of approved books for required reading in all public or private schools, colleges, and universities.

The Board of National Education shall determine the adequacy of the number of books, depending upon the enrollment of the school, college, or university.

The Board of National Education shall cause the translation of the Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, as well as other writings of Jose Rizal into English, Tagalog, and the principal Philippine dialects;

cause them to be printed in cheap, popular editions; and cause them to be distributed, free of charge, to persons desiring to read them, through the Purok organizations and Barrio Councils throughout the country.

Nothing in this Act shall be construed as an amendment or repealing section nine hundred twenty-seven of the Administrative Code, prohibiting the discussion of religious doctrines by public school teachers and other persons engaged in any public school.

The sum of three hundred thousand pesos is hereby authorized to be appropriated out of any fund not otherwise appropriated in the National Treasury to carry out the purposes of this Act.

This Act shall take effect upon its approval.

Approved: June 12, 1956

Rizal Law Benefits: Why Study Rizal

So, why is it so important for Filipinos to study the life and works of Dr. Jose Rizal? What benefits can you gain? What relevance does Rizal have in education?

The answer to such questions can be summed up in two points:

Because it is mandated by law.

The teaching of Dr. Jose Rizal’s life, writings, and works is mandated by Republic Act 1425, also known as the Rizal Law.

Senator Jose P. Laurel, the person who sponsored Republic Act 1425, said that since Rizal was the founder of Philippine nationalism and has contributed much to the current standing of this nation, it is only right that Filipinos know about and absorb the great ideals for which he died. 

The Rizal Law, enacted in 1956, seeks to accomplish the following goals:

• To pay tribute to our national hero for devoting his life and works in shaping the Filipino character
• To rededicate the lives of youth to the ideals of nationalism and freedom , for which our heroes lived and died
• To gain an inspiring source of patriotism through the study of Rizal’s life, writings, and works.
• Because of the lessons contained within the course itself.

Aside from the abovementioned reasons, there are other benefits to teaching the Rizal course in Philippine schools:

• To recognize the importance of Dr. Jose Rizal’s teachings and ideals about present situations and conditions in society.
• To foster an appreciation and deeper understanding of everything that Rizal fought and died for.
• To encourage the understanding and application of such ideals amid today’s personal and societal issues and conditions.
• To foster the development of the Filipino youth in all facets of nationalism and citizenship.

Views and Opinions About Studying Rizal in School

Below are people’s views and opinions about studying Rizal in school.

“Knowing the life of our hero is knowledge on how to be Filipino!” – Anonymous

“Pagmamahal sa bayan habang naghahandang pumasok sa workplace ang layunin ng rizal course. Halos nawala na ang nasyonalismo sa maraming kabataan, o sa maraming mamamayang pilipino. Kaya may illegal logging, destructive mining, human trafficking, drug pushing, etc. Dahil halos nawala na ang malasakit sa bayan at sa mga kababayan, in the name of money and self-serving interests. Iginigising sa puso at isip ng mga kabataan ang diwa ni rizal na bagamat hindi perpekto bilang isang tao ay nagsakripisyo at nag-alay ng buhay alang alang sa kapakanan ng mas nakararami. Dapat ituloy ang kurso tungkol kay rizal at pag-aralan kung paano ito mapagiging mas epektibo.” – Nomee Canlas

“Suggestion ko lamang. Ipabili nalang yung libro about rizal, basahin at isapuso. Di na kailangan pang gawin itong scheduled classes, kung di naman related sa ating kurso. Nakakasayang lang ng oras. Tayo lahat ay isang bayani sa ating sariling paraan, pagtulong sa kapwa, panguunawa sa kapwa, at pagiging makabayan.” – Anonymous

“I still don’t see the need to have Rizal subject in College courses which are not related to Education and Arts. Much more today, due to the implementation of the K to-12 educational system. I’m an Accountancy major and I had enough of the guy from Filipino subjects from pre-school to high school. I don’t see how studying his biography would help me with my life after college. Knowing his life story won’t make me any more substantial person than those who don’t even have a clue who this man is. I don’t even admire the guy nor am I a fanatic of nationalism. It doesn’t make any sense to force someone to learn what he’s not interested in. Now, I’m stuck wasting so many hours memorizing names, dates, places, events, poems, and lines in roleplaying that won’t serve me any purpose other than passing the subject. Furthermore, the burden of compulsory buying these unnecessary books and costumes takes a toll financially. Those wasted hours and money might have been used for something else more useful like refining the technical skills that my time-consuming major already requires. All these would just make guys like me hate the national hero for making a semester of our college life into a hell hole without getting anything in return.” – Anonymous

“Learning about the life of Rizal is like learning about the lives of your parents. You may not be interested in the reason that it is an additional burden to your student life, but still, as someone who is born a Filipino it is a must to know about his life.” – A “Studying his life and works could promote patriotism and nationalism as well.” – AN

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The rizal law and it's importance.

Republic Act No. 1425, commonly known as the Rizal Law, was enacted on June 12, 1956, and was chiefly sponsored and authored by Senators Jose P. Laurel and Claro M. Recto. This legislation obliges all public and private schools, colleges, and universities in the Philippines to include the life, works, and writings of national hero Jose Rizal in their course curricula. This specifically includes studying Rizal's novels Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo.

Republic Act 1425

Prior to the enactment of the Rizal Law (Republic Act No. 1425), Senate Bill No. 438 was submitted to the Senate Committee on Education on April 3, 1956. This bill, which later became the Rizal Law, proposed to include courses on the life, works, and writings of Jose Rizal, specifically his novels Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, in the curricula of all public and private schools, colleges, and universities. The bill also included provisions for the printing and distribution of these works, among other related purposes.

Jose P. Laurel

On April 17, 1956, Senate Bill No. 438, which aimed to include the life, works, and writings of Jose Rizal in the curriculum of all schools, was presented to the Senate by Senator Jose P. Laurel. Senator Laurel emphasized that the primary purpose of the bill was to promote the ideas and ideals of Jose Rizal, particularly through his novels Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo. He advocated for all Filipinos to read these works to understand their national identity, strengths, and weaknesses, fostering self-reliance, self-respect, and freedom. A similar bill, House Bill No. 5561, was filed by Congressman Jacobo Z. Gonzales in the House of Representatives. Both bills faced opposition based on questions of constitutionality and religiosity. A substitute proposal was then put forward, broadening the scope to include all of Rizal's works, rather than focusing solely on Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo. Senator Laurel also insisted on the importance of reading the original and unexpurgated editions of Rizal's novels. Both Senate Bill No. 438 and House Bill No. 5561 were unanimously approved on the second reading in both the Senate and the House of Representatives on May 12 and 14, 1956, respectively. On June 12, 1956, President Ramon Magsaysay signed the bill into law, establishing Republic Act 1425, or the Rizal Law.

Think about this again: Why study the life and works of Rizal? It is apparent that during Rizal’s time, the Filipino identity is already diminishing—this was the rationale behind the enactment of the Rizal Law, which seeks to accomplish the following objectives: 1) To rededicate the lives of the youth to the ideals of freedom and nationalism, for which our heroes lived and died; 2) To play tribute to our national hero for devoting his life and works for shaping the Filipino character; 3) To gain an inspiring source of patriotism thru the study of Rizal’s life, works and writings. The late Senator Jose P. Laurel, who sponsored the said law emphasized the need to know and imbibe the great ideals and principles for which Rizal died. After all, Rizal was the founder of Filipino nationality and the architect of the Filipino nation. It is by reading and studying Rizal’s life, teachings and writings that the young generation of the Philippines will be able to gain incorruptible confidence, direction, courage and determination to move forward in our people’s journey towards an abundant life. The teaching of Rizal Course in higher education institutions in our country today is anchored on the patriotic policy statements of Rizal Law and the patriotic goals set by the then Board on National Education (Capino et. Al, 1997). These goals are as follows: 1) To recognize the relevance of Rizal’s ideals, thoughts, teaching, and life values to present conditions in the community; 2) To apply Rizal’s ideas in the solution of day-to-day situations and problems in contemporary life; 3) To develop an understanding and appreciation of the qualities, behavior and character of Rizal; and 4) To foster the development of moral character, personal discipline, citizenship and vocational efficiency among the Filipino youth. Thus, the importance of the study of Rizal’s life, works and writings is to instill in ourselves the idea and ideals of Jose Rizal, and to develop a deeper awareness and understanding of its relevance so that in the long run, we may be able to apply them in our daily lives and become an active participant in nation-building.

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Significance Of Rizal Law For Students – Free Essay Examples

Significance of rizal law in the life of students.

RIZAL LAW – In this article, we are going to discuss the significance of Rizal Law, especially in the daily lives of students.

But before this, we need to identify what exactly is Rizal Law and how it came to be. Rizal law was first introduced in 1956. The goal of this law was to educate students regarding the ideals of freedom and nationalism through the Philippines national hero, Dr. Jose Rizal.

Because of Rizal Law, students are given the opportunity to learn about the heroes of the Philippines. Furthermore, it also gives the students a glimpse of what the “ideal Filipino” is.

Although, this has caused debate until today. For some, Rizal was merely called the national hero because of his pacificist nature. Additionally, the Americans didn’t want the Filipinos to look up to heroes such as Bonifacio for his more aggressive take to freedom.

So, why do students need to learn about the life of Jose Rizal?

There are several lessons we can pick apart if we read about the life of Jose Rizal. More than anything else, Rizal valued his country, his countrymen, and his morals. So much so that he was willing to die for his country.

With this in mind, here are some of the things students can learn from Rizal:

• Rizal became the epitome of a proper Filipino that emobies the spirit of Freedom and willingness to sacrficice.
• Fighting injustice is necessary
• We need to focus on our goals
• Separate Personal Life from Work
• Use your time to the fullest

Rizal died on December 30, 1896, at the young age of 35. However, even in death his ideals and aspirations for his country lived on. He inspired millions of Filipinos to fight for freedom and he put up a mirror to the injustices of his countrymen’s oppressors.

Thanks for reading. We aim to provide our readers with the freshest and most in-demand content. Come back next time for the latest news here on Newspapers.ph.

READ ALSO: Simbolo Ng Kabanata 3 Ng El Filibusterismo, Gintong Aral, At Moral Nito

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Issues And Interests On Rizal Law – Do These Issues Remain Today?

Issues and interests on rizal law (church vs recto).

ISSUES AND INTERESTS ON RIZAL LAW – Back in the 1950s, the Philippines, much like Today, was dominated by the religious sector.

As such, the implementation of Senator Claro M. Recto’s Rizal Bill” was highly criticized by the churches. During the Spanish Occupation, Rizal authored Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo.

These books were a key instigator of the Philippine Revolution. However, it also portrayed the church or the religious sector as an antagonist in the stories.

Moreover, Recto, during the 1955 Senate election was accused of being a communist and anti-catholic. This also led to the churches claiming that reading the novels would violate freedom of conscience and religion.

Thus, Catholic churches came together and campaigned aggressively against Recto and his bill. They urged advocates of faith to band together and write to their congressmen and senator to show opposition.

Among those who opposed the bill were groups such as:

• Catholic Action of the Philippines
• Congregation of the Mission
• Knights of Columbus, and the Catholic Teachers Guild

Meanwhile, those in favor of the bill were:

• Veteranos de la Revolucion
• Alagad ni Rizal
• Freemasons, and
• the Knights of Rizal

The bill was sponsored by the Senate Committee on Education and was co-written by Jose P. Laurel and Recto. However, they were opposed by only two people – Francisco SOC Rodrigo Mariano Jesus Cuenco and Decoroso Rosales.

Cuenco emphasized that Rizal attacked the practices and beliefs of the church. According to an article from Wikipedia, he stated:

The assertion that Rizal limited himself to castigating undeserving priests and refrained from criticizing, ridiculing, or putting in doubt dogmas of the Catholic Church, is absolutely gratuitous and misleading.

Additionally, Catholic schools, in protests, threatened to close down if the bill was approved. However, Recto quickly rebutted that if that were to happen, schools would be nationalized (which the church clearly did not want).

Today, issues between the government and the religious sector have been more prevalent than ever. Although this time, it’s not just the Catholic Religion that has stake in government affairs.

One of the most notable issues of the modern times concerning the church and the state was the implementation of the Reproductive Health Law.

Aside from this, the Church has been reported to become even more involved in politics. Some religions have their candidates while those opposing their beliefs were criticized heavily, swaying public opinion.

READ ALSO: El Filibusterismo – Mga Buod Ng Bawat Kabanata Ng Nobela Ni Jose Rizal

7 thoughts on “Issues And Interests On Rizal Law – Do These Issues Remain Today?”

Do this issues still valuable at present?

Yes, this issues still present now a days. Like the Martial Law, the church are responsible in contradicting to impliment this new law. Church use their beliefs to gain peoples side..

Well for me this issue is still remain for us because it’s already imprinted in our minds , Some are still opposing so the issue is still more active , it will still remain to the present

Discuss the positive and negative of it

Considering the context of 1950’s, what issues and interests were at stake in the debate over the Rizal bill? Do these issues remain pertinent to the present?

After reading this article, I think that these issues are still active at this time of age. I believe that churches become more powerful as they can easily attract faith believers to be on their side even though the government makes a good point.

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Republic Act 1425 Rizal Law (Its History and Important Provisions)

The Republic Act 1425 Rizal Law is comprehensively discussed in this free lecture. It also provides “Republic Act 1425 explanation” as it explains the history of the Rizal Law and its important provisions.

Professorial lecturer emeritus and book author Jensen DG. Mañebog , in one of his History lectures, focuses on this so-called “ Republic Act 1425 Rizal Law .” The following is how he discusses the topic:

You may watch the short educational video or continue reading. Note : To have a FULL ACCESS to the video, SUBSCRIBE first (if you have not subscribed yet):

Republic Act 1425 Rizal Law

Professor Jensen DG. Mañebog states that the Rizal Bill was as controversial as Jose Rizal himself. The mandatory Rizal subject in the Philippines was the upshot of this bill which later became a law in 1956 (the Republic Act no. 1425 Rizal Law ).

The Rizal Bill involves requiring educational institutions in the country to offer a course on the hero’s life, works, and writings, especially the ‘ Noli Me Tangere ’ and ‘ El Filibusterismo ’. (Related: The Synopsis and Spirit of Noli Me Tangere and The Synopsis and Theme of Jose Rizal’s El Filibusterismo )

Read: Jose Rizal: The First Filipino Phenom  

However, the transition from being a bill to becoming a republic act was not easy as the proposal was met with intense opposition particularly from the Catholic Church.

The then senator Claro M. Recto —the main proponent of the Rizal Bill —was even dubbed as a communist and an anti-Catholic principally because of the issue. Catholic schools threatened to stop operation if the bill was passed, though Recto calmly countered the threat, stating that if that happened, then the schools would be nationalized.

Even when threatened afterward to be punished in future elections, Recto remained undeterred.

As regards the suggestion to use instead the expurgated (edited) version of Rizal’s novels as mandatory readings, Recto explained his firm support for the unexpurgated version, exclaiming:

“The people who would eliminate the books of Rizal from the schools would blot out from our minds the memory of the national hero. This is not a fight against Recto but a fight against Rizal.” (Ocampo, 2012, p. 23)

Read: Jose Rizal’s Collaborations with Other Heroes  

Republic Act 1425

In the end, the bill was nonetheless passed, but with a clause that would allow exemptions to students who think that reading the Noli and Fili would ruin their faith.

In other words, one can apply to the Department of Education for exemption from reading Rizal’s novels—though not from taking the Rizal subject. The bill was enacted on June 12, 1956.

Read: The Interesting Tales of the Jose Rizal Family  

The Rizal Bill became the Republic Act No. 1425 , known as the ‘ Rizal Law’ . The full name of the law is “An Act to Include in the Curricula of All Public and Private Schools, Colleges and Universities Courses on the Life, Works and Writings ofJose Rizal, Particularly His NovelsNoli Me TangereandEl Filibusterismo, Authorizing the Printing and Distribution Thereof, and for Other Purposes.”

Republic Act 1425 explanation

The Rizal Law’s first section concerns mandating the students to read Rizal’s novels. The last two sections involve making Rizal’s writings accessible to the general public—they require the schools to have a sufficient number of copies in their libraries and mandate the publication of the works in major Philippine languages.

Jose P. Laurel , then senator who co-wrote the law, explained that since Jose Rizal was the founder of the country’s nationalism and had significantly contributed to the current condition of the nation, it is only right that Filipinos, especially the youth, know about and learn to imbibe the great ideals for which the hero died.

Accordingly, the Rizal Law aims to accomplish the following goals:

1. To rededicate the lives of youth to the ideals of freedom and nationalism, for which our heroes lived and died

2. To pay tribute to our national hero for devoting his life and works in shaping the Filipino character

3. To gain an inspiring source of patriotism through the study of Rizal’s life, works, and writings.

No student has yet officially applied for exemption from reading Rizal’s novels thus far.

Relatedly, former President Fidel V. Ramos in 1994, through Memorandum Order No. 247, directed the Secretary of Education, Culture and Sports and the Chairman of the Commission on Higher Education to fully implement the RA 1425 as there had been reports that the law had still not been totally carried out.

In 1995, CHED Memorandum No. 3 was issued enforcing strict compliance to Memorandum Order No. 247.

Another Rizal Law

Not known to many, there is another republic act that concerns the national hero.

Read: The Colorful Love Affairs of Dr. Jose Rizal  

Republic Act No. 229 is an act prohibiting cockfighting, horse racing, and jai-alai on the thirtieth day of December of each year. It also mandates creating a committee to take charge of the proper celebration of Rizal day in every municipality and chartered city, and for other purposes.

The Importance of Studying Rizal: Why Study the Life and Works of Rizal?

So Why study the life and works of Rizal? The academic subject on the life, works, and writings of Jose Rizal was not mandated by law for nothing.

The Jose Rizal subject is far from being impractical. The course interestingly offers many benefits that some contemporary academicians declare that the subject, especially when taught properly, is more beneficial than many subjects in various curricula. For proofs and explanations, read: The Importance of the Jose Rizal Subject

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*If you want to know more about Rizal or history (e.g. Rizal’s parents), search here:

Assignment/Activity:

1. Explain the history of the Rizal law and its important provisions

2. Critically assess the effectiveness of the Rizal Course

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Note : Teachers may share this as a reading assignment of their students. For other free lectures like this (especially for students), visit Homepage: The Life and Works of Jose Rizal

Related: The Colorful Love Affairs of Dr. Jose Rizal  

Free Lectures for The Life and Works of Jose Rizal Subject

Jose Rizal Family Tree: The Ancestry of the Hero

Jose Rizal’s Love for Francisco Mercado Rizal, His Father

Jose Rizal’s Love for Teodora Alonzo, His Mother

Jose Rizal’s Siblings: How His Brother and Sisters Affected the Life of the Filipino Hero

Jose Rizal’s Parents: How Don Francisco Mercado and Doña Teodora Alonso made him a hero

Jose Rizal: Tagalog Biography of the Bayaning Pilipino

Jose Rizal: Short Biography of the Filipino Hero

Jose Rizal’s Birthday: Date, Significance and Historicity

Jose Rizal: On the Full Name of the Filipino Hero

Jose Rizal height: A discussion on how tall (or short) our hero was

The Story of the Moth, Jose Rizal, and his Mother

The Synopsis and Spirit of Noli Me Tangere

The Synopsis and Theme of Jose Rizal’s El Filibusterismo

Maria Clara in Noli Me Tangere: Her Fate and Symbolism

Jose Rizal’s Last 25 Hours: Eventful, Dramatic, Historic

Why study the life and works of Rizal?

The Importance of the Jose Rizal Subject

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The Life and Legacy of José Rizal: National Hero of the Philippines

Dr. José Rizal, the national hero of the Philippines, is not only admired for possessing intellectual brilliance but also for taking a stand and resisting the Spanish colonial government. While his death sparked a revolution to overthrow the tyranny, Rizal will always be remembered for his compassion towards the Filipino people and the country.

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Humble beginnings

José Protasio Rizal Mercado Y Alonso Realonda was born on June 19, 1861 to Francisco Mercado and Teodora Alonzo in the town of Calamba in the province of Laguna. He had nine sisters and one brother. At the early age of three, the future political leader had already learned the English alphabet. And, by the age of five, José could already read and write.

Upon enrolling at the Ateneo Municipal de Manila (now referred to as Ateneo De Manila University ), he dropped the last three names in his full name, after his brother’s advice – hence, being known as José Protasio Rizal. His performance in school was outstanding – winning various poetry contests, impressing his professors with his familiarity of Castilian and other foreign languages, and crafting literary essays that were critical of the Spanish historical accounts of pre-colonial Philippine societies.

A man with multiple professions

While he originally obtained a land surveyor and assessor’s degree in Ateneo, Rizal also took up a preparatory course on law at the University of Santo Tomas (UST). But when he learned that his mother was going blind, he decided to switch to medicine school in UST and later on specialized in ophthalmology. In May 1882, he decided to travel to Madrid in Spain , and earned his Licentiate in Medicine at the Universidad Central de Madrid.

Apart from being known as an expert in the field of medicine, a poet, and an essayist, Rizal exhibited other amazing talents. He knew how to paint, sketch, and make sculptures. Because he lived in Europe for about 10 years, he also became a polyglot – conversant in 22 languages. Aside from poetry and creative writing, Rizal had varying degrees of expertise in architecture, sociology, anthropology, fencing, martial arts, and economics to name a few.

His novels awakened Philippine nationalism

Rizal had been very vocal against the Spanish government, but in a peaceful and progressive manner. For him, “the pen was mightier than the sword.” And through his writings, he exposed the corruption and wrongdoings of government officials as well as the Spanish friars.

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While in Barcelona, Rizal contributed essays, poems, allegories, and editorials to the Spanish newspaper, La Solidaridad. Most of his writings, both in his essays and editorials, centered on individual rights and freedom, specifically for the Filipino people . As part of his reforms, he even called for the inclusion of the Philippines to become a province of Spain.

But, among his best works , two novels stood out from the rest – Noli Me Tángere (Touch Me Not) and El Filibusterismo ( The Reign of the Greed).

In both novels, Rizal harshly criticized the Spanish colonial rule in the country and exposed the ills of Philippine society at the time. And because he wrote about the injustices and brutalities of the Spaniards in the country, the authorities banned Filipinos from reading the controversial books. Yet they were not able to ban it completely. As more Filipinos read the books, their eyes opened to the truth that they were suffering unspeakable abuses at the hands of the friars. These two novels by Rizal, now considered his literary masterpieces, are said to have indirectly sparked the Philippine Revolution.

Rizal’s unfateful days

Upon his return to the Philippines, Rizal formed a progressive organization called the La Liga Filipina. This civic movement advocated social reforms through legal means. Now Rizal was considered even more of a threat by the Spanish authorities (alongside his novels and essays), which ultimately led to his exile in Dapitan in northern Mindanao .

This however did not stop him from continuing his plans for reform. While in Dapitan, Rizal built a school, hospital, and water system. He also taught farming and worked on agricultural projects such as using abaca to make ropes.

In 1896, Rizal was granted leave by then Governor-General Blanco, after volunteering to travel to Cuba to serve as doctor to yellow fever victims. But at that time, the Katipunan had a full-blown revolution and Rizal was accused of being associated with the secret militant society. On his way to Cuba, he was arrested in Barcelona and sent back to Manila to stand for trial before the court martial. Rizal was charged with sedition, conspiracy, and rebellion – and therefore, sentenced to death by firing squad.

Days before his execution, Rizal bid farewell to his motherland and countrymen through one of his final letters, entitled Mi último adiós or My Last Farewell. Dr. José Rizal was executed on the morning of December 30, 1896, in what was then called Bagumbayan (now referred to as Luneta). Upon hearing the command to shoot him, he faced the squad and uttered in his final breath: “ Consummatum est” (It is finished). According to historical accounts , only one bullet ended the life of the Filipino martyr and hero.

His legacy lives on

After his death, the Philippine Revolution continued until 1898. And with the assistance of the United States , the Philippines declared its independence from Spain on June 12, 1898. This was the time that the Philippine flag was waved at General Emilio Aguinaldo’s residence in Kawit, Cavite.

Today, Dr. Rizal’s brilliance, compassion, courage, and patriotism are greatly remembered and recognized by the Filipino people. His two novels are continuously being analyzed by students and professionals.

Colleges and universities in the Philippines even require their students to take a subject which centers around the life and works of Rizal. Every year, the Filipinos celebrate Rizal Day – December 30 each year – to commemorate his life and works. Filipinos look back at how his founding of La Liga Filipina and his two novels had an effect on the early beginnings of the Philippine Revolution. The people also recognize his advocacy to achieve liberty through peaceful means rather than violent revolution.

In honor of Rizal, memorials and statues of the national hero can be found not only within the Philippines, but in selected cities around the world. A road in the Chanakyapuri area of New Delhi (India) and in Medan, Indonesia is named after him. The José Rizal Bridge and Rizal Park in the city of Seattle are also dedicated to the late hero.

Within the Philippines, there are streets, towns/cities, a university (Rizal University), and a province named after him. Three species have also been named after Rizal – the Draco rizali (a small lizard, known as a flying dragon), Apogania rizali (a very rare kind of beetle with five horns) and the Rhacophorus rizali (a peculiar frog species).

To commemorate what he did for the country, the Philippines built a memorial park for him – now referred to as Rizal Park, found in Manila . There lies a monument which contains a standing bronze sculpture of Rizal, an obelisk, and a stone base said to contain his remains. The monument stands near the place where he fell during his execution in Luneta.

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Do we really know Rizal? Rizal law ineffective

In the wake of the controversy over a bill seeking to integrate a course on the life of Andres Bonifacio in the college curriculum, a reassessment of the Rizal law and its effect on our educational system is called for.

The Rizal law has come a long way. After Republic Act No. 1425 aimed at including a study of the life and works of Jose Rizal in the curricula of  public and private schools was approved by President Ramon Magsaysay on June 12, 1956, teaching Rizal has been mandatory in our school system.

Fifty-five years have passed. Now we live in a world dominated by cyber technology and scientific breakthroughs, revolution, terrorism, environmental crisis and natural catastrophes, a world of Lady Gaga and Justin Bieber, the X Factor and MTVs. Do we really still know Rizal?

Do we understand what he wanted for the country? Do we still remember why he was a hero?

Rizal’s death anniversary today was declared a national holiday to give Filipinos time to recall his achievements and contributions to the nation. Commemorative rites take place at his monument in Rizal Park and other parts of the country, even abroad.

Law ineffective

The Rizal law was made so that the Filipinos, especially the youth, will not forget him.  But the question remains, why should we not forget him?

The teaching of the Rizal course in the classroom is intended to awaken the sense of patriotism and nationalism in every Filipino youth and push them to apply the principles bequeathed by Rizal as solutions to present day problems.

Sadly, the years have shown that the Rizal law has not been effective.

Nowadays, when a Filipino is asked what she/he knows about Rizal, chances are she/he would say that Rizal is the image on the one-peso coin, or that he was the one shot in Luneta.

Knowledge of Rizal has been limited to knowing the streets named after him, or to the characters in his novel.

Deeper understanding of Rizal has been blocked by our interest in such things as the Internet. Some of us know Rizal only by name. And not knowing him, we have become what Rizal fought against all his life. We have become indifferent.

Scratching the surface

How have we come to this?

In school we only get the basic information about him. We get to read his novels and poems and learn of the places he visited and even the women who became part of his life. But we have ended up not knowing what he really stood for. We even wear shirts bearing his image but we do not go deeper in understanding him.

Some college students who take up technical courses, such as engineering or medicine, even question the relevance of the Rizal subject to their careers; they insist that the subject is just a waste of time and money.

Jose Rizal and the Rizal law are part of our history. Rizal the Filipino and Rizal the course both have a reason and purpose for us.

Rizal stood as one of the great men produced by the Malay race. His peaceful means of reform made him Asia’s first modern nonviolent proponent of political reforms. The Rizal law is an avenue for the youth to understand Rizal’s vision. The law aims to put Rizal closer to our hearts.

Why heroes exist

Strengthening not only the Rizal course but the subject of Philippine history is important. We will not only be inspired by Rizal but also by other heroes like Andres Bonifacio, Apolinario Mabini, Emilio Jacinto and Marcelo H. del Pilar who, like Rizal, exemplified the virtues of honesty, integrity, peace based on justice and patriotism.

Filipinos are capable of achieving great things in life and, like our heroes, we can excel in our ways.

But the most important thing is to know the reason why heroes exist, why there is a need for them. Studying Heroism 101 is to look beyond heroes’ lives, far into the social circumstances or problems that created them and which heroes are supposed to solve.

If the problems still exist today, then it is our turn to become heroes, too.

Bantug, Asuncion Lopez. Lolo Jose An Intimate and Illustrated Portrait of Jose Rizal. Manila, Vibal Foundation and Intramuros Administration, 2008.

Guerrero, Leon. First Filipino A Biography of Jose Rizal. Manila, National Historical Institute. 2008.

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• Life Journey
• Life Lessons

4 Importance of Rizal Law

Rizal law or known as republic act no. 1425 is an order mandating the study of the life, works, and writings of jose rizal. , it took effect on august 16, 1956, marking the compulsory teaching of the life of rizal in all colleges and universities. , it is a significant event in our history as it directs the youth to gain brief knowledge of rizal. the law is specially designed to study his experiences and works. , it is especially focused on the two novels noli me tangere and el filibusterismo., rizal law aims to build a sense of nationalism in the filipino youth. it will remind the people of the sacrifices and efforts of our national hero. the life of rizal will serve as a guide to the young minds of the students. , specifically, the importance of rizal law are awakening nationalism, honoring rizal's sacrifices, serving as a guide to the youth, and learning our history., awaken nationalism, rizal law is implemented to inform the youth of the life, works, and writings of our national hero. , jose rizal achieved the epitome of success during his life. he was a man of many professions. jose excelled in all stages of his academic schooling. , there are many literary pieces that he has written. most importantly, he was able to arouse the nationalistic desire of the people., the story of rizal is heart-touching. he is a perfect model for every youth to emulate. jose dedicated his life to the love of his country. , amidst the temptation of living a silent and prosperous life, he still chose to fight for his nation. he never regretted his service to the country and proudly died as a martyr., the mandatory study of rizal's life will enlighten the young generation about his sacrifices and efforts. it will make them reflect on his journey, teaching them the meaning of nationalism. , the law will help them acknowledge the greatness of our national hero. it will build a sense of patriotism in everyone, building a strong bond between the people and the country., honor rizal's sacrifices, most of us know that rizal is our national hero. but not everyone knows of his experiences. only a few know the reason for him being considered our best hero among all the brave souls that have lived before. , rizal law will help us better understand jose rizal. it will enlighten us about his journey starting his childhood until his death. , the law will walk us through all his major battles in life. thus, we will appreciate his patriotic efforts., rizal has been through many challenges in his life. at a young age, he already experienced many social injustices. , one of them is the imprisonment of his mother, dona teodora, for two and a half years due to false claims. , such events broke rizal's heart as he is very close to his family. but jose did not break down and used such experiences as an inspiration to achieve his dreams. , another instance is his death sentence without proper due process. despite having his life shortened due to his resolve, he was happy to die fighting for his country. , as he said to his mother, "one only dies once, and if one does not die well, a good opportunity is lost and will not present itself again.", the life of rizal is full of sacrifices. jose devoted himself to awakening the nationalistic desire of his countrymen. he detached himself from the temptations of life. rizal focused on alleviating the social condition of the people. , thus, we have to value his sacrifices by being good citizens of our nation., guide filipino youth, the teaching of rizal's life, works, and writings will instill good values in the youth. , jose rizal is a perfect model for the young minds of the students. rizal's experiences and choices are full of learnings that could guide us in the right direction. , his life serves as a good representation of the practical world we live in. it will show the youth the cruel world, preparing them for their own journeys., rizal has been remarkable in his studies. he has achieved many accomplishments starting his preschool days. , the students can use rizal as their inspiration in their education. jose's adventure in his studies will serve as a guide for the students. the hard work and time management of rizal are one of his secrets. , it will enable the students to handle multiple tasks without exhausting themselves. , it is evident during rizal's studies in europe. aside from his courses at the central university of madrid, he also took lessons in painting and sculpture classes. , this practice of our national hero will remove the negative perspective of today's generation about overload., rizal is truly a perfect national hero. his achievements could make the youth look up to him and aspire to achieve the same status. , jose proved that anyone can be successful in life. one just needs to be focused on his goals and never give up. , as rizal said “genius has no country. it blossoms everywhere. genius is like the light, the air. it is the heritage of all.”, learn our history, along with the study of rizal's life, works, and writings come the learning of our history. , rizal once said, “he who does not know how to look back at where he came from will never get to his destination.” , history plays a major role in our future. it is important for every filipino, especially the youth, to gain knowledge of our past. , in this way, we will obtain valuable learnings from our experiences. we can assess our mistakes and find ways to correct them. , also, we may take advantage of our strengths and continue our success., the study of the life of rizal brings us back to the time of spanish colonization. , rizal's time is considered the height of the spanish maladministration. abuses against the native filipinos are rampant. the once promised equality by the colonizers was not upheld. , instead, the opposite is implemented. full-born filipinos were considered lowly humans. , these stories inform us of the condition of our forefathers. we recognize the hardship of the filipinos under the rule of spain. the sad plight they experienced from the social injustices of the friars made us weep., learning our history made us realize how lucky we are today to be living in peace and order. , we learn to value the rights and freedom we enjoy today. , it also gives us learnings from our history which we can use for our journeys in the future., popular post.

El Filibusterismo: 8 Takeaways from Don Custodio

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Republic Act 1425 realistic thought paper

There are laws being imposed by the government to help in the upholding of the must-have significant characteristics of the Filipinos that will consequently result in the preservation of these things within the heart and mind of every individual. One law to corroborate this is the Republic Act 1425 otherwise known as the " Republic Act 1425 " which makes the reading of Rizal's life and works mandatory in all public and private colleges and state universities in the Philippines. This move by " jose rizal " is very timely especially that if not taken into consideration as early as now, we wouldn't have something to expect in the future for there are certain possibilities that linger around us and that could make the essence of this law fade into the background together with its purported reasons. In the very first place, the law intends to inculcate to the students the values and characteristics that Rizal himself had naturally epitomized and for all of us, is it as realistic as making this all possible? Being a student who is on the verge of losing his identity as a Filipino because of the too many things that bothers the stability of one's thinking, I could assert to all my co-students that this is a need for most of us if not all to return the level of patriotism and nationalism that our forefathers had in their time. On the one hand, if we know that the two necessary characteristics starts to falter, we give remedies and practice it, we practice it and we master it, and we master it to have a unified strong and indestructible nationalism and patriotism that we all must seek as a light of hope for every one of us. However, I know that that will only be possible if we all work for it and together we strive for one cause and one goal so that we all reach the one that we sought while no one is being left from behind. On the other hand, the fact that it is possible to be achieved by looking forward to all positivity, it therefore is realistic isn't it? If it wasn't realistic, would it not be realistic then? In the case of the law, I believe that it went through series of talks and argumentations in the legislative branch and one question that could have been posed is if it is realistic and if it is, why then and why not. Our lawmakers surely have studied the law inquisitively and meticulously while considering both the upside and downside of it that they remain impartial with their judgment and they remain the good image of both the upper house and the lower house. Now with this laborious process that every law should go into first from the introduction of the bill to the legislative branch to the declaration of it as either a law or one that remains a bill for resolution or amendments, I don't think that it would just slip out and turn into law that easy as people would possibly think. Every law must be just and be in accordance with the constitution because if it is already ratified, there is no way one can easily express dissent because he or she believes it isn't realistic when as a matter of fact, it is studied well and as much as possible they eliminate any loopholes that could question it. If the ratification of this law is still not realistic for all, what else will it consider as one? Are the reasons of the law not making it realistic? I definitely don't think so. As I hypothetically put toes in the shoes of a noble teacher teaching the subject that the law mandates, I would no doubt wish to educate my students about the life of Rizal and his works because I am myself amused with the values and character he stood until the time of his death. I would do it not because I am forced to which I know is far to happen because I don't take things that way, but because I want to share the same field of interest with my students so it would be more of a teaching because I love the subject than merely a duty itself. I will exert the greatest of efforts just to make the students understand what the point of having to study the life of Rizal and change the perspective of those apathetic students who doesn't seem to care about other people's life and works. They may forget the life of others but not Rizal's because he is one important person in the Philippine History and to forget him would be tantamount to forgetting the perfect model for nationalism and patriotism which we all need to develop as we grow up. Now if all teachers are like me, more than willing to spend most of the day just taking the teaching of the subject as a pleasure, it would be of goodness of the students and the country as

Related Papers

The Rizal Law, also known as RA 1425, mandates the study of Rizal's life and works, as shown in section 1. This Republic Act calls for an increased sense of nationalism from the Filipinos during a time of a dwindling Filipino identity. According to the judicial system, a republic act is a law that has already been passed and implemented. In contrast to this, a bill is merely a proposed law, in other words it may or may not be passed by the Congress. The Republic Act was signed by the President on June 12, 1956. From the notes preceding the body of the document, one may infer that the bill was originally proposed in the Legislative arm of the Philippine Republic, in the Senate and House of Representatives. According to the Official Gazette, the law was made effective thirty days after its implementation. The mere fact that the Act was passed on the date of our independence seeks to stir up a greater sense of fervor in the Filipino, to believe in their own country and national identity—who we are as a nation. It was this time when the Philippines was heavily dependent on the American government for support and guidance. Also, based on the fact that Jose Rizal is honored by the Philippines as the Philippine national hero, it is but appropriate that the document written to commemorate his accomplishments is written here, in the land of his birth. It is Senator Claro M. Recto who authored the Rizal Bill. While Senator Jose P. Laurel, Sr., who was then the Chairman of the Committee on Education, sponsored the bill in the Senate. Both of them were known for their great sense of nationalism. This nationalism served as the foundation to come up with this republic act, to set our country free from the hands of others and stand up on our own—exactly the ideals and values that Rizal strove to fight for. It was written for the Filipino people, specifically the Filipino youth, who may have lost their sense of nationalism. The writers endeavored to rekindle a lost spark in each Filipino's belief in their country. A republic act as drastic as the Rizal Law, which requires the study of Rizal's life and works—something that does not need to be required in the first place—can only be born out of the fact that Rizal and his works were not given a high priority in the educational system of the country prior to the release of this act. It is clear that the government had to make drastic changes to resolve the issue. This is evident in section 3 of the act, legalizing all forms of translations for Rizal's works, as well as section 2, obligating all schools, colleges and universities to keep an adequate number of copies of Rizal's works. This makes them more accessible to a greater audience. It is hard to make out any form of emotion from any legal document; however, the choice of words is still able to convey a fiery passion. To highlight this, they also use words or concepts that can easily relate to the common Filipino man. Such passion is vital, as the audience is presumably of dwindling nationalism. In this regard, the writer attempts to show the audience the identity they have slowly been losing, and show them how they can undo this. There are important points that the author cited in this republic act that is worth noticing. First, " Whereas, today, more than other period of our history, there is a need for a re-dedication to the ideals of freedom and nationalism for which our heroes lived and died. " This document was written in the year 1956 during Magsasyay's regime when the country was still recovering from the Japanese occupation and still very dependent on US governance. Ideals of freedom and nationalism were very essential during those times since the Philippines was still struggling for independence, and the country was still gradually developing its national identity and integrity. During those times havoc also existed within

Althea Hannah D . Deloso

Ross Lyn Madlangbayan

In the histories of many nations, the national revolution represents a peak of achievement to which the minds of man return time and again in reverence and for a renewal of faith in freedom. For the national revolution is invariably the one period in a nation's history when the people were most united, most involved, and most decisively active in the fight for freedom. It is not to be wondered at, therefore, that almost always the leader of that revolution becomes the principal hero of his people. There is Washington for the United States, Lenin for the Soviet Union, Bolivar for Latin America, Sun Yat Sen, then Mao Tse-Tung for China and Ho Chi Minh for Vietnam. The unity between the venerated mass action and the honored single individual enhances the influence of both. In our case, our national hero was not the leader of our Revolution. In fact, he repudiated that Revolution. In no uncertain terms he placed himself against Bonifacio and those Filipinos who were fighting for the country's liberty. In fact, when he was arrested he was on his way to Cuba to use his medical skills in the service of Spain. [p. 125] And in the manifesto of December 15, 1896 which he addressed to the Filipino people, he declared: From the very beginning, when I first had notice of what was being planned, I opposed it, fought it, and demonstrated its absolute impossibility. I did even more. When later, against my advice, the movement materialized, of my own accord I offered my good offices, but my very life, and even my name, to be used in whatever way might seem best, toward stifling the rebellion; for convinced of the ills which it would bring, I considered myself fortunate if, at any sacrifice, I could prevent such useless misfortune…. I have written also (and I repeat my words) that reforms, to be beneficial, must come from above, and those which comes from below are irregularly gained and uncertain. Holding these ideas, I cannot do less than condemn, and I do condemn this uprising-which dishonors us Filipinos and discredits those that could plead our cause. I abhor its criminal methods and disclaim all part in it, pitying from the bottom of my heart the unwary that have been deceived into taking part in it. [1] Rizal and The Revolution Rizal's refusal to align himself with the revolutionary forces and his vehement condemnation of the mass movement and of its leaders have placed Filipinos in a dilemma. Either the Revolution was wrong, yet we cannot disown it, or Rizal was wrong, yet we cannot disown him either. By and large, we have chosen to ignore this apparent contradiction. Rizalists, especially, have taken the easy way out, which is to gloss over the matter. They have treated Rizal's condemnation of the Katipunan as a skeleton in his closet and have been responsible for the " silent treatment " on his unequivocal position against the Revolution. To my knowledge, there has been no extensive analysis of the question. For some Rizalists, this aspect of Rizal has been a source of embarrassment inasmuch as they picture him as the supreme symbol of our struggle for freedom. Others in fact privately agree with his stand as evidenced by their emphasis on the gradualism of Rizal's teachings particularly his insistence on the primacy of education. [p. 126] They would probably praise Rizal's stand against the Revolution, if they dared. Since they do not dare for themselves, they are also prudently silent for Rizal's sake. Others, careless and superficial in their approach to history and perhaps afraid to stir a hornet's nest of controversy, do not think it important to dwell on this contradiction between our Revolution and our national hero and elect to leave well enough alone. Perhaps they do not perceive the adverse consequences of our refusal to analyze and resolve this contradiction. Yet the consequences are manifest in our regard for our Revolution and in our understanding of Rizal. The Philippine Revolution has always been overshadowed by the omnipresent figure and the towering reputation of Rizal. Because Rizal took no part in that Revolution and in fact repudiated it, the general regard for our Revolution is not as high as it otherwise would be. On the other hand, because we refuse to analyze the significance of his repudiation, our understanding of Rizal and of his role in our national development remains superficial. This is a disservice to the event, to the man, and to ourselves. Viewed superficially, Rizal's reaction toward the Revolution is unexpected, coming as it did from a man whose life and labors were supposed to have been dedicated to the cause of his country's freedom. Had someone of lesser stature uttered those words of condemnation, he would have been considered a traitor to the cause. As a matter of fact, those words were treasonous in the light of the Filipinos' struggle against Spain. Rizal repudiated the one act which really synthesized our nationalist aspiration, and yet we consider him a nationalist leader. Such an appraisal has dangerous implications because it

Christine Jane Zarsadias

Ana Mae Tolomia

Aquino, Justine Mae A.

Arnel Perez

Luwela Amor

Christian Kyle Cruz

Atamosa Harly

A key character in Philippine history and a passionate supporter of social change, Dr. Jose Rizal put up several reforms in response to the difficulties the country faced under Spanish colonial control. His comprehensive reform plan covered a wide range of Filipino social issues, including national identity, education, government, and economic fairness. In his remarks, Rizal emphasized the transformational potential of education and its capacity to promote critical thinking, patriotism, and a deeper comprehension of the rich historical background of the nation. His demands for political adjustments and reforms to the system of governance addressed the misuse of authority and corruption in the colonial government. Through his support of economic reforms, Rizal aimed to address the injustices and inequalities that were common during Spanish rule.

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REFLECTION ABOUT RIZAL LAW

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