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Open Access Theses and Dissertations

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About OATD.org

OATD.org aims to be the best possible resource for finding open access graduate theses and dissertations published around the world. Metadata (information about the theses) comes from over 1100 colleges, universities, and research institutions . OATD currently indexes 7,225,126 theses and dissertations.

About OATD (our FAQ) .

Visual OATD.org

We’re happy to present several data visualizations to give an overall sense of the OATD.org collection by county of publication, language, and field of study.

You may also want to consult these sites to search for other theses:

• Google Scholar
• NDLTD , the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations. NDLTD provides information and a search engine for electronic theses and dissertations (ETDs), whether they are open access or not.
• Proquest Theses and Dissertations (PQDT), a database of dissertations and theses, whether they were published electronically or in print, and mostly available for purchase. Access to PQDT may be limited; consult your local library for access information.

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Dissertations & theses, proquest: the world leader in dissertation access and dissemination.

Over the last 80 years, ProQuest has built the world’s most comprehensive and renowned dissertations program. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global (PQDT Global), continues to grow its repository of 5 million graduate works each year, thanks to the continued contribution from the world’s universities, creating an ever-growing resource of emerging research to fuel innovation and new insights.

PQDT Global provides researchers with quality and equitable search results across all institutions, as well as rich citation data that delivers insights into the connections building around the world.

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Subscribe to ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global to accelerate and focus your discovery journey, resulting in more efficient and effective research.

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Analyze the influence and impact of your dissertations and theses globally by monitoring retrieval data from the ProQuest Platform.

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See what titles and topics are trending around the globe. Each month ProQuest posts the top 25 Most-Accessed Dissertations and Theses across all subjects, based upon total PDF downloads.

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EBSCO Open Dissertations

EBSCO Open Dissertations makes electronic theses and dissertations (ETDs) more accessible to researchers worldwide. The free portal is designed to benefit universities and their students and make ETDs more discoverable. 

Increasing Discovery & Usage of ETD Research

With EBSCO Open Dissertations, institutions are offered an innovative approach to driving additional traffic to ETDs in institutional repositories. Our goal is to help make their students’ theses and dissertations as widely visible and cited as possible.

EBSCO Open Dissertations extends the work started in 2014, when EBSCO and the H.W. Wilson Foundation created American Doctoral Dissertations which contained indexing from the H.W. Wilson print publication, Doctoral Dissertations Accepted by American Universities, 1933-1955. In 2015, the H.W. Wilson Foundation agreed to support the expansion of the scope of the American Doctoral Dissertations database to include records for dissertations and theses from 1955 to the present.

How Does EBSCO Open Dissertations Work?

Libraries can add theses and dissertations to the database, making them freely available to researchers everywhere while increasing traffic to their institutional repository.  ETD metadata is harvested via OAI and integrated into EBSCO’s platform, where pointers send traffic to the institution's IR.

EBSCO integrates this data into their current subscriber environments and makes the data available on the open web via opendissertations.org .

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Open Access Theses and Dissertations (OATD)

OATD.org provides open access graduate theses and dissertations published around the world. Metadata (information about the theses) comes from over 1100 colleges, universities, and research institutions. OATD currently indexes 6,654,285 theses and dissertations.

Harvard University Theses, Dissertations, and Prize Papers

The Harvard University Archives ’ collection of theses, dissertations, and prize papers document the wide range of academic research undertaken by Harvard students over the course of the University’s history.

Beyond their value as pieces of original research, these collections document the history of American higher education, chronicling both the growth of Harvard as a major research institution as well as the development of numerous academic fields. They are also an important source of biographical information, offering insight into the academic careers of the authors.

Spanning from the ‘theses and quaestiones’ of the 17th and 18th centuries to the current yearly output of student research, they include both the first Harvard Ph.D. dissertation (by William Byerly, Ph.D . 1873) and the dissertation of the first woman to earn a doctorate from Harvard ( Lorna Myrtle Hodgkinson , Ed.D. 1922).

Other highlights include:

• The collection of Mathematical theses, 1782-1839
• The 1895 Ph.D. dissertation of W.E.B. Du Bois, The suppression of the African slave trade in the United States, 1638-1871
• Ph.D. dissertations of astronomer Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin (Ph.D. 1925) and physicist John Hasbrouck Van Vleck (Ph.D. 1922)
• Undergraduate honors theses of novelist John Updike (A.B. 1954), filmmaker Terrence Malick (A.B. 1966),  and U.S. poet laureate Tracy Smith (A.B. 1994)
• Undergraduate prize papers and dissertations of philosophers Ralph Waldo Emerson (A.B. 1821), George Santayana (Ph.D. 1889), and W.V. Quine (Ph.D. 1932)
• Undergraduate honors theses of U.S. President John F. Kennedy (A.B. 1940) and Chief Justice John Roberts (A.B. 1976)

What does a prize-winning thesis look like?

If you're a Harvard undergraduate writing your own thesis, it can be helpful to review recent prize-winning theses. The Harvard University Archives has made available for digital lending all of the Thomas Hoopes Prize winners from the 2019-2021 academic years.

Accessing These Materials

How to access materials at the Harvard University Archives

How to find and request dissertations, in person or virtually

How to find and request undergraduate honors theses

How to find and request Thomas Temple Hoopes Prize papers

How to find and request Bowdoin Prize papers

• email: Email
• Phone number 617-495-2461

Related Collections

Harvard faculty personal and professional archives, harvard student life collections: arts, sports, politics and social life, access materials at the harvard university archives.

Open Access Theses and Dissertations

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• Thesis and Dissertation Resources
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Why search this literature?

It is crucial for graduate students to search the thesis and dissertation literature to make sure that an idea or hypothesis has not already been tested, explored, and published.  An additional reason to search this literature is that it is rich with ideas and information not found elsewhere.  If graduate students do not continue on as academics or if students that came after them in their programs did not continue their research, this literature may be the end of the line for scholarship on a topic.

ProQuest has published dissertation e-learning modules covering the usefulness of using dissertations as a research source.  See link below:

• Dissertation eLearning resources from ProQuest Uncover the value of dissertations.

Library Databases

All graduate students should, at minimum, search the ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global database (PQDT) to see if the research they are proposing to do has already been done by a student at another institution/university.  RIT dissertations and theses have been included in PQDT since approximately 2006.

• Proquest Dissertations & Theses Global This link opens in a new window Identifies Ph.D. dissertations from U.S. & Canadian universities since 1861. Abstracts from 1980. Master's theses from 1988. Many with full-text.

RIT Digital Institutional Repository

• Digital Institutional Repository The digital institutional repository for the Rochester Institute of Technology, managed by RIT Libraries.
• ProQuest - Most Accessed Dissertations/Theses

Each month ProQuest updates this list of the top 25 Most-Accessed Dissertations and Theses across all subjects, based upon total PDF downloads. Find out what is trending.

The web sites below should also be consulted as appropriate to perform a full and thorough review of the dissertation and thesis literature beyond your introductory search of ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global.  Consider whether a particular country or part of the world would have an interest in your potential research topic.

Only large-scale repositories of dissertations and theses are included here. You may also need to search individual university repositories directly.

• Ebsco Open Dissertations Search thousands of open dissertations and theses from over 50 participating libraries.
• EThOS (from the British Library) EThOS offers a 'single point of access' where researchers the world over can access ALL theses produced by UK Higher Education.
• Indian Institute of Science Dissertations and theses from the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
• Indian Theses and Dissertations (Shodhganga) Over 130 participating Indian universities and over 8800 ETD documents.
• National ETD Portal (South Africa) South African theses and dissertations.
• Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations The Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (NDLTD), is an international organization dedicated to promoting the adoption, creation, use, dissemination, and preservation of electronic theses and dissertations (ETDs). The NDLTD Union Catalog contains more than one million records of electronic theses and dissertations. Search the Union Catalog from here: http://thumper.vtls.com:6090/?theme=NDLTD
• OhioLINK ETD Center Electronic theses and dissertations from colleges and universities in the state of Ohio.
• Open Access Theses and Dissertations OATD aims to be the best possible resource for finding open access graduate theses and dissertations published around the world. Metadata (information about the theses) comes from over 600 colleges, universities, and research institutions. OATD currently indexes over 1.5 million theses and dissertations. RIT is included.
• Theses Canada Canadian universities voluntarily participate by submitting approved theses and dissertation to Theses Canada. Click on "Search Theses Canada" under the Introduction on the left hand side of the page to begin your search.
• TROVE From the National Library of Australia - Search Trove to explore amazing collections from Australian libraries, universities, museums, galleries and archives.
• Next: Thesis Writing Guides >>

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Reference management. Clean and simple.

The top list of academic search engines

1. Google Scholar

4. science.gov, 5. semantic scholar, 6. baidu scholar, get the most out of academic search engines, frequently asked questions about academic search engines, related articles.

Academic search engines have become the number one resource to turn to in order to find research papers and other scholarly sources. While classic academic databases like Web of Science and Scopus are locked behind paywalls, Google Scholar and others can be accessed free of charge. In order to help you get your research done fast, we have compiled the top list of free academic search engines.

Google Scholar is the clear number one when it comes to academic search engines. It's the power of Google searches applied to research papers and patents. It not only lets you find research papers for all academic disciplines for free but also often provides links to full-text PDF files.

• Coverage: approx. 200 million articles
• Abstracts: only a snippet of the abstract is available
• Related articles: ✔
• References: ✔
• Cited by: ✔
• Links to full text: ✔
• Export formats: APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, Vancouver, RIS, BibTeX

BASE is hosted at Bielefeld University in Germany. That is also where its name stems from (Bielefeld Academic Search Engine).

• Coverage: approx. 136 million articles (contains duplicates)
• Abstracts: ✔
• Related articles: ✘
• References: ✘
• Cited by: ✘
• Export formats: RIS, BibTeX

CORE is an academic search engine dedicated to open-access research papers. For each search result, a link to the full-text PDF or full-text web page is provided.

• Coverage: approx. 136 million articles
• Links to full text: ✔ (all articles in CORE are open access)
• Export formats: BibTeX

Science.gov is a fantastic resource as it bundles and offers free access to search results from more than 15 U.S. federal agencies. There is no need anymore to query all those resources separately!

• Coverage: approx. 200 million articles and reports
• Links to full text: ✔ (available for some databases)
• Export formats: APA, MLA, RIS, BibTeX (available for some databases)

Semantic Scholar is the new kid on the block. Its mission is to provide more relevant and impactful search results using AI-powered algorithms that find hidden connections and links between research topics.

• Coverage: approx. 40 million articles
• Export formats: APA, MLA, Chicago, BibTeX

Although Baidu Scholar's interface is in Chinese, its index contains research papers in English as well as Chinese.

• Coverage: no detailed statistics available, approx. 100 million articles
• Abstracts: only snippets of the abstract are available
• Export formats: APA, MLA, RIS, BibTeX

RefSeek searches more than one billion documents from academic and organizational websites. Its clean interface makes it especially easy to use for students and new researchers.

• Coverage: no detailed statistics available, approx. 1 billion documents
• Abstracts: only snippets of the article are available
• Export formats: not available

Consider using a reference manager like Paperpile to save, organize, and cite your references. Paperpile integrates with Google Scholar and many popular databases, so you can save references and PDFs directly to your library using the Paperpile buttons:

Google Scholar is an academic search engine, and it is the clear number one when it comes to academic search engines. It's the power of Google searches applied to research papers and patents. It not only let's you find research papers for all academic disciplines for free, but also often provides links to full text PDF file.

Semantic Scholar is a free, AI-powered research tool for scientific literature developed at the Allen Institute for AI. Sematic Scholar was publicly released in 2015 and uses advances in natural language processing to provide summaries for scholarly papers.

BASE , as its name suggest is an academic search engine. It is hosted at Bielefeld University in Germany and that's where it name stems from (Bielefeld Academic Search Engine).

CORE is an academic search engine dedicated to open access research papers. For each search result a link to the full text PDF or full text web page is provided.

Science.gov is a fantastic resource as it bundles and offers free access to search results from more than 15 U.S. federal agencies. There is no need any more to query all those resources separately!

Finding Dissertations & Theses: Online Dissertations & Theses

• Online Dissertations & Theses
• Dissertations & Theses Written at Simmons

United States

Use the links below to locate dissertations and theses from the United States in both proprietary and open access collections.

International

Use the links below to locate international dissertations and theses in open access collections.

More Dissertations & Theses on the Web

More colleges and universities such as the University of Minnesota are setting up digital repositories to make theses and dissertations freely available on the Internet. Try searching for keywords , author , title , or academic institution in Google Scholar , to check for full-text availability.

• << Previous: Home
• Next: Dissertations & Theses Written at Simmons >>
• Last Updated: Sep 4, 2024 1:48 PM
• URL: https://simmons.libguides.com/Dissertations

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OU theses and dissertations

Online theses.

Are available via Open Research Online .

Print theses

Search for OU theses in the Library Search . To see only print theses click 'In the Walton Hall library' and refine your results to resource type 'Thesis'.

OU staff and research students can  borrow a consultation copy of a thesis (if available). Please contact the Library helpdesk giving the author and title of the thesis.

UK theses and dissertations from EThOS

The Electronic Theses Online System (EThOS) offers free access to the full text of UK theses.

• EThOS offers a one stop online shop providing free access to UK theses
• EThOS digitizes theses on request into PDF format, this may require payment
• EThOS is managed by the British Library in partnership with a number of UK universities
• EThOS is open to all categories of library user

What does this mean to you as a library user?

When you need to access a PhD thesis from another UK based HE institution you should check EThOS to either download a thesis which has already been digitised or to request that a UK thesis be supplied to you.

• For all UK theses EThOS will be the first point of delivery. You can use the online ordering and tracking system direct from EThOS to manage your requests for UK PhD theses, including checking the status of your requests
• As readers you will deal directly with EThOS so will not need to fill in a document delivery request
• OU staff and research students will still be entitled to access non-UK based PhD theses by filling in a document delivery request
• In some cases where EThOS is unable to supply a UK thesis OU staff and research students will be able to access it by filling in a conventional document delivery request. The thesis will be supplied through direct loan
• The EThOS system is both faster and cheaper than the previous British Theses service which was based on microfilm
• The British Library no longer arranges interlibrary loans for UK PhD theses
• Interlibrary Loan procedures for other types of request from the British Library (articles and books for example) will remain the same

If you have any queries about using EThOS contact the Document Delivery Team ( [email protected] or the Library Helpdesk ).

Note 13/03/2024: The British Library is continuing to experience a major technology outage affecting its websites and other online systems, due to a Cyber attack. as a result access to ETHOS might not be possible until the issue is fixed. 

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A reservoir of Indian Theses

The Shodhganga@INFLIBNET Centre provides a platform for research students to deposit their Ph.D. theses and make it available to the entire scholarly community in open access. The repository has the ability to capture, index, store, disseminate and preserve ETDs submitted by the researchers. [Read More]

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Three Days Training Programme on "Research Methodology and Ethics: Plagiarism Issues, Reference Management Tools and Altmetrics" at the INFLIBNET Centre, Gandhinagar during 20-22 May 2024. Registration Download Brochure

IISc Bangalore and 55 CFTIs like IITs,IIMs,NITs etc. have joined Shodhganga.

Restricted Dashboard and Subject Portal is released in January 2020.

Three Days Advanced Training Programme on Shodhganga and Plagiarism Issues (offline mode) during 28th - 30th August 2024. Registration Download Brochure

As of August 08, 2024, Alliance University has contributed 100 % Theses (55) to the Shodhganga.

New University added & UC created 769. Maganbhai Adenwala Mahagujarat University (Prof Dr Krup Vasavda) 783. Shri Rawatpura Sarkar University (Mr Sachin Kumar Diwan) MoU List

Shodhganga Membership is not for Colleges. Read More.

Shodhganga crossed 5,35,000 Theses on 27th May 2024.

5,00,000th Thesis is uploaded into Shodhganga by Prof Yogesh Singh, Hon'ble Chairman, Governing Board, INFLIBNET Centre & Vice Chancellor, University of Delhi, Delhi in the august presence of Prof J P Singh Joorel, Director, INFLIBNET Centre, Gandhinagar and other Governing Board Members on 14.12.2023.

All the Theses (CDs) received from Universities were successfully uploaded into Shodhganga Portal till December 2023.

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• Universities Contributed in Shodhganga
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Anna University 16264

University of madras 15229, university of calcutta 14502, savitribai phule pune university 13062, university of mumbai 11977, andhra university 10492, aligarh muslim university 10461, chhatrapati sahuji maharaj university 10211, babasaheb bhimrao ambedkar bihar university 9654, panjab university 9571, abhilashi university 20, academy of scientific and innovative research (acsir) 2880, acharya nagarjuna university 2336, acharya narendra deva university of agriculture and technology, ayodhya 1163, adamas university 53, adesh university 26, adichunchanagiri university, mandya 8, adikavi nannaya university, rajahmundry 58, agriculture university, jodhpur 5, agriculture university, kota 13, ahmedabad university 23, ajeenkya dy patil university 2, aks university 31, alagappa university 2607, alliance university 56, all india institute of medical science, bhopal 1, all india institute of medical sciences rishikesh 6, ambedkar university, delhi 60, amet university 143, amity university chhattisgarh 4, amity university haryana 212, amity university, kolkata 2, amity university madhya pradesh 68, amity university, mumbai 36, amity university, noida 1249, amity university rajasthan 233, amrita vishwa vidyapeetham university 604, anand agricultural university 122, annamalai university 3251, apeejay stya university 26, apex university, rajasthan 42, a p goyal shimla university 15, apj abdul kalam technological university, thiruvananthapuram 53, arka jain university 15, arni university 8, arunachal university of studies 2, arunodaya university 4, aryabhatta knowledge university 50, ashoka university 2, assam agricultural university 170, assam don bosco university 158, assam down town university 91, assam rajiv gandhi university of cooperative management 2, assam science and technology university 14, assam university 2338, atal bihari vajpayee indian institute of information technology and management 103, atal bihari vajpayee vishwavidyalaya 6, atmiya university 20, auro university 1, avinashilingam institute for home science and higher education for women 734, awadhesh pratap singh university 1060, baba ghulam shah badshah university 109, baba mastnath university 148, babasaheb bhimrao ambedkar university 542, babu banarasi das university 156, baddi university of emerging sciences & technology 7, bahra university 5, banaras hindu university 8745, banasthali vidyapith 2324, bangalore university 2614, bankura university 38, bareilly international university 21, barkatullah university 520, bennett university 42, berhampur university 261, bhagat phool singh mahila vishwavidyalaya 140, bhagwan mahavir university 28, bhagwant university 331, bhaikaka university 4, bhakta kavi narsinh mehta university 131, bharathiar university 7904, bharathidasan university 8300, bharath institute of higher education and research 723, bharati vidyapeeth deemed university 679, bhartiya skill development university jaipur 19, bhupendra narayan mandal university 5, bihar agricultural university 89, birla global university 3, birla institute of management technology 11, birla institute of technology and science 1642, birla institute of technology, mesra 204, blde (deemed to be university) 56, bml munjal university, gurugram 7, bodoland university 110, brainware university 37, b s abdur rahman crescent institute of science & technology 332, bundelkhand university 2214, calorx teachers university 2, career point university 32, central institute of technology kokrajhar 23, central sanskrit university 403, central university of gujarat 360, central university of haryana 95, central university of himachal pradesh 143, central university of jammu 134, central university of jharkhand 87, central university of karnataka 157, central university of kashmir 270, central university of kerala 176, central university of odisha 36, central university of punjab 204, central university of rajasthan 274, central university of south bihar 44, central university of tamil nadu 121, centurion university of technology and management 95, centurion university of technology and management, vizianagaram 5, cept university 82, chaitanya university, hanamkonda 42, chanakya national law university 22, chandigarh university 213, chandra shekhar azad university of agriculture and technology 134, charotar university of science and technology 170, chaudhary charan singh university 3207, chaudhary devi lal university 291, chaudhary ranbir singh university 19, chaudhary sarwan kumar himachal pradesh krishi vishvavidyalaya 406, chettinad academy of research and education 176, chhatrapati shivaji maharaj university 4, chhattisgarh swami vivekanand technical university 149, childrens university 19, chitkara university 31, chitkara university, punjab 340, christ university 412, cmj university 6, cmr university 125, cochin university of science & technology 2806, cooch behar panchanan barma university 34, cotton university 52, ct university 77, c.u. shah university 204, c.v. raman global university 36, damodaram sanjivayya national law university 5, datta meghe institute of medical sciences 234, davangere university 146, dav university 33, dayalbagh educational institute 1307, dayananda sagar university 57, deccan college post graduate and research institute 396, deenbandhu chhotu ram university of science and technology, sonipat 182, deen dayal upadhyay gorakhpur university 884, defence institute of advanced technology 44, delhi pharmaceutical sciences & research university (dpsru) 23, delhi technological university 540, desh bhagat university 246, devi ahilya vishwavidyalaya 2301, dev sanskriti vishwavidyalaya 13, dharmashastra national law university 3, dharmsinh desai university 40, dhirubhai ambani institute of information and communication technology (da-iict) 77, diamond harbour women's university 15, dibrugarh university 986, dit university 101, doon university 59, dr. a.p.j. abdul kalam technical university 440, dravidian university 60, dr. babasaheb ambedkar marathwada university 5626, dr. babasaheb ambedkar open university 201, dr. babasaheb ambedkar technological university 62, dr. bhimrao ambedkar university, agra 6008, dr b r ambedkar national institute of technology jalandhar 109, dr. b. r. ambedkar open university, hyderabad 1, dr. c.v. raman university 323, dr. d. y. patil vidyapeeth, pune 167, dr. harisingh gour vishwavidhyalay 2324, dr. k n modi university 28, dr. m.g.r. educational and research institute 527, dr. panjabrao deshmukh krishi vidyapeeth, akola 50, dr. rammanohar lohia avadh university, faizabad 4641, dr ram manohar lohiya national law university 69, dr. sarvepalli radhakrishnan rajasthan ayurved university 191, dr shakuntala misra national rehabilitation university 80, dr. shyama prasad mukherjee international institute of information technology naya raipur 9, dr. vishwanath karad mit world peace university 34, dr. y.s. parmar university of horticulture and forestry 177, dr.y.s.r. horticultural university 24, d.y. patil university 7, d y patil university, kolhapur 68, entrepreneurship development institute of india 1, eternal university 15, fakir mohan university, balasore 182, forest research institute university 350, galgotias university 92, gangadhar meher university 88, ganpat university 174, garden city university 12, gauhati university 6389, gautam buddha university 246, g.b.pant university of agriculture & technology 263, gd goenka university 168, geetanjali university 45, g h raisoni university, amravati 30, giet university, gunupur 27, gitam university 973, gla university 234, glocal university 161, gls university 148, gna university 29, goa university 1159, gokhale institute of politics and economics 31, gokul global university 7, gondwana university 182, graphic era hill university dehradun 18, graphic era university 162, gujarat ayurveda university 5, gujarat forensic sciences university 26, gujarat national law university 23, gujarat technological university 407, gujarat university 4624, gujarat vidyapith 631, gulbarga university 1141, guru angad dev veterinary and animal sciences university 5, guru ghasidas university 353, guru gobind singh indraprastha university 711, guru jambheshwar university of science & technology 684, guru kashi university 382, gurukul kangri vishwavidyalaya 430, guru nanak dev university 2099, harcourt butler technical university 25, hemchandracharya north gujarat university 591, hemchand yadav vishwavidyalaya 78, hemwati nandan bahuguna garhwal university 974, himachal pradesh national law university 4, himachal pradesh university 3175, himalayan garhwal university 64, himalayan university 11, himgiri zee university 44, hindustan institute of technology and science 360, homi bhabha national institute 2697, homoeopathy university 26, icfai foundation for higher education, telangana 98, icfai university, dimapur nagaland 25, icfai university himachal pradesh 5, icfai university, jaipur 17, icfai university, jharkhand 45, icfai university, tripura 15, iec university 32, iftm university 312, iilm university, gurugram 14, iimt university, meerut 22, iis (deemed to be university) 454, i k gujral punjab technical university 876, ims unison university 15, indian institute of engineering science and technology, shibpur 450, indian institute of foreign trade 76, indian institute of information technology, allahabad 204, indian institute of information technology, design and manufacturing, iiitdm jabalpur 144, indian institute of information technology design & manufacturing kancheepuram 70, indian institute of information technology dharwad 2, indian institute of information technology guwahati 21, indian institute of information technology kalyani 9, indian institute of information technology nagpur 3, indian institute of informationtechnology, vadodara 1, indian institute of management ahmedabad 15, indian institute of management bangalore 47, indian institute of management (iim),indore 38, indian institute of management kashipur 21, indian institute of management kozhikode 27, indian institute of management lucknow 104, indian institute of management mumbai (formerly nitie) 72, indian institute of management raipur 47, indian institute of management rohtak 6, indian institute of management shillong 16, indian institute of management udaipur 1, indian institute of science bangalore 1476, indian institute of science education and research (iiser) bhopal 51, indian institute of science education and research (iiser) mohali 356, indian institute of science education and research (iiser) pune 521, indian institute of science education and research (iiser) thiruvananthapuram 211, indian institute of science education and research kolkata 105, indian institute of space science and technology 192, indian institute of teacher education 10, indian institute of technology bhilai 17, indian institute of technology bhubaneswar 76, indian institute of technology bombay 1755, indian institute of technology delhi 2702, indian institute of technology dharwad 9, indian institute of technology gandhinagar 39, indian institute of technology goa 3, indian institute of technology guwahati 2628, indian institute of technology hyderabad 290, indian institute of technology iit (bhu), varanasi 985, indian institute of technology indore 399, indian institute of technology (ism), dhanbad 1188, indian institute of technology jammu 24, indian institute of technology jodhpur 149, indian institute of technology kanpur 10, indian institute of technology kharagpur 990, indian institute of technology madras 1609, indian institute of technology mandi 274, indian institute of technology palakkad 16, indian institute of technology patna 148, indian institute of technology roorkee 534, indian institute of technology ropar 221, indian institute of technology tirupati 11, indian maritime university 1, indian school of mines 53, indian veterinary research institute, izatnagar 450, indira gandhi delhi technical university for women 59, indira gandhi institute of development research 106, indira gandhi national open university ignou 978, indira gandhi national tribal university, amarkantak 175, indira gandhi university meerpur,rewari 51, indira kala sangeet vishwavidyalaya 132, indraprastha institute of information technology, delhi (iiit-delhi) 145, indrashil university 10, indus international university 7, indus university 55, institute of advanced research, gandhinagar 16, institute of advanced studies in education (iase) 191, institute of chemical technnology, mumbai 107, institute of infrastructure technology research and management 38, institute of trans-disciplinary health science & technology 42, integral university 653, international institute for population sciences iips 366, international institute of information technology bangalore 66, international institute of information technology, hyderabad 210, international management institute 9, international management institute, bhubaneshwar 1, international management institute kolkata 2, invertis university, bareily 1, isbm university 1, isbr business school 1, islamic university of science and technology 53, itm university, gwalior 28, jadavpur university 4021, jagadguru ramanadacharya rajasthan sanskrit university 2, jagannath university 224, jagannath university, jhajjar 71, jagran lakecity university 33, jai narain vyas university 644, jain university 768, jain vishwa bharati university 246, jai prakash vishwavidyalaya 3, jaipur national university 361, jamia hamdard university 958, jamia milia islamia university 2568, janardan rai nagar rajasthan vidhyapeeth 1, jawaharlal nehru architecture and fine arts university 9, jawaharlal nehru centre for advanced scientific research 42, jawaharlal nehru krishi vishwavidyalaya, jabalpur 2, jawaharlal nehru technological university, anantapuram 1353, jawaharlal nehru technological university, hyderabad 1503, jawaharlal nehru technological university, kakinada 310, jawaharlal nehru university 8388, jayoti vidyapeeth women s university 388, jaypee institute of information technology 350, jaypee university of engineering & technology, guna 122, jaypee university of information technology, solan 283, j. c. bose university of science and technology, ymca, faridabad 67, jecrc university 89, jharkhand rai university 48, jis university, kolkata 31, jiwaji university 2380, jk lakshmipat university 24, jodhpur national university 2, jss academy of higher education & research 448, jss science and technology university, mysuru 26, j.s. university, shikohabad 29, junagadh agricultural university 1, kadi sarva vishwavidyalaya 626, kakatiya university, warangal 571, kalasalingam university 406, kalinga institute of social sciences (kiss) 13, kalinga university 239, kamdhenu university 8, kameshwara singh darbhanga sanskrit vishwavidyalaya, darbhanga 3, kannada university 101, kannur university 894, karnataka samskrit university 67, karnataka state law university 16, karnataka state open university 17, karnataka state womens university 308, karnataka veterinary, animal and fisheries sciences university 102, karnatak university 5204, karnavati university 18, karpagam university 299, karunya university 662, kavayitri bahinabai chaudhari north maharashtra university 1289, kavikulaguru kalidas sanskrit university 150, kazi nazrul university 31, kerala agricultural university 81, kerala university of health sciences 5, khwaja moinuddin chishti urdu, arabi-farsi university 16, kiit university 1138, king george medical university 21, kle technological university 20, kle university 210, kolhan university 33, koneru lakshmaiah education foundation 1029, krantiguru shyamji krishna verma kachchh university 124, krea university 4, krishna institute of medical sciences, deemed to be university karad 77, krishna kanta handiqui state open university 51, krishna university, machilipatnam 69, k.r. mangalam university, gurgaon 105, kumaun university 2084, kurukshetra university 1522, kushabhau thakre patrakarita avam jansanchar vishwavidyalaya 7, kuvempu university 1396, lakshmibai national university of physical education 229, lakulish yoga university 28, lalit narayan mithila university 6847, lingayas vidyapeeth 109, lnct university 150, lovely professional university 924, madan mohan malaviya university of technology 119, madhav university 253, madhyanchal professional university 4, madhya pradesh bhoj (open) university 9, madurai kamaraj university 6006, magadh university 59, mahapurusha srimanta sankaradeva viswavidyalaya 47, maharaja agrasen university 123, maharaja ganga singh university 2295, maharaja krishnakumarsinhji bhavnagar university 1506, maharaja ranjit singh punjab technical university 19, maharaja sayajirao university of baroda 4127, maharaja sriram chandra bhanja deo university 20, maharaja vinayak global university 128, maharana pratap university of agriculture and technology 169, maharashtra animal and fishery sciences university 17, maharashtra national law university nagpur 5, maharashtra university of health sciences 221, maharishi markandeshwar university, mullana 529, maharishi markandeshwar university, sadopur (ambala) 27, maharishi university of information technology 71, maharshi dayanand saraswati university 228, maharshi dayanand university 4726, mahatma gandhi antarrashtriya hindi vishwavidyalaya 255, mahatma gandhi chitrakoot gramodaya vishwavidyalaya 161, mahatma gandhi kashi vidyapith 4980, mahatma gandhi univeristy of medical sciences & technnology , jaipur 40, mahatma gandhi university 4006, mahatma gandhi university, nalgonda 24, mahatma jyotiba phule rohilkhand university 1695, makhanlal chaturvedi national university of journalism and communication, bhopal 22, malaviya national institute of technology jaipur 444, malwanchal university, indore 44, management development institute gurgaon 25, manav rachna international institute of research and studies 238, manav rachna university 64, mandsaur university 66, mangalayatan university 167, mangalore university 2057, manipal academy of higher education 1791, manipal university jaipur 351, manipur university 1864, manonmaniam sundaranar university 7616, martin luther christian university 44, marwadi university 25, mats university 136, maulana abul kalam azad university of technology 97, maulana azad national institute of technology bhopal 299, maulana azad national urdu university 424, m.b.m. university 20, medi caps university, indore 28, meenakshi academy of higher education and research 177, mewar university 421, mgm institute of health sciences 139, mica, ahmedabad 26, mit-adt university, pune 56, mizoram university 866, mody university of science and technology 122, mohammad ali jauhar university 6, mohan lal sukhadia university 1070, monad university 38, motherhood university 13, mother teresa womens university 1072, motilal nehru national institute of technology 607, m s ramaiah university of applied sciences 83, mvn university,palwal 71, nagaland university 559, narsee monjee institute of management studies 287, national brain research centre 97, national institute of educational planning and administration (niepa) 34, national institute of fashion technology delhi 30, national institute of food technology entrepreneurship and management - niftem (k)kundli 25, national institute of food technology entrepreneurship and management thanjavur (niftem-t) 32, national institute of pharmaceutical education and research, ahmedabad 31, national institute of pharmaceutical education and research, guwahati 23, national institute of pharmaceutical education and research, hajipur 11, national institute of pharmaceutical education and research, hyderabad 41, national institute of pharmaceutical education and research kolkata 14, national institute of pharmaceutical education and research, raebareli 6, national institute of technology agartala 186, national institute of technology andhra pradesh 0, national institute of technology arunachal pradesh 56, national institute of technology calicut 254, national institute of technology delhi 71, national institute of technology durgapur 160, national institute of technology goa 49, national institute of technology hamirpur 94, national institute of technology jamshedpur 154, national institute of technology karnataka 494, national institute of technology,kurukshetra 158, national institute of technology manipur 75, national institute of technology mizoram 34, national institute of technology nagaland 11, national institute of technology (nit) meghalaya 103, national institute of technology (nit), warangal 555, national institute of technology patna 376, national institute of technology puducherry 59, national institute of technology raipur 234, national institute of technology, rourkela 398, national institute of technology sikkim 29, national institute of technology silchar 69, national institute of technology srinagar 210, national institute of technology tiruchirappalli 234, national institute of technology uttarakhand 35, national law institute university, bhopal 8, national law school of india university 48, national law university and judicial academy, assam 9, national law university, delhi 37, national law university, odisha 16, national museum institute of hisotry of art conservation and musicology 2, national sanskrit university 56, nava nalanda mahavihara 1, navrachana university 27, nehru gram bharati university 171, netaji subhas open university 1, netaji subhas university of technology 9, niilm university 54, niit university 15, nims university rajasthan 360, nirma university 396, nirwan university jaipur 15, nitte university 94, noida international university 97, noorul islam centre for higher education 414, north-eastern hill university 2773, north eastern regional institute of science and technology (nerist) 111, odisha university of agriculture and technology 160, om sterling global university 140, o.p. jindal university 9, opjs university 21, oriental university 102, osmania university 1710, pacific university 2347, padmashree dr. d.y. patil vidyapeeth, navi mumbai 84, pandit deendayal petroleum university 184, pandit s. n. shukla university, shahdol 15, parul university 202, patna university 358, peoples university, bhopal 36, periyar maniammai university 157, periyar university 3342, pes university 24, p.k. university 28, pondicherry university 2661, poornima university 76, potti sreeramulu telugu university 1, p p savani university 3, pravara institute of medical sciences 47, presidency university 120, presidency university, karnataka 180, prist university 86, pt. ravishankar shukla university 2940, pt. sundarlal sharma open university bilaspur 250, punjab engineering college (deemed to be university) 60, punjabi university 3237, rabindra bharati university 428, rabindranath tagore university, bhopal 332, raffles university 20, raiganj university 194, rai university 293, rajasthan technical university, kota 162, rajiv gandhi institute of petroleum technology 37, rajiv gandhi national institute of youth development 7, rajiv gandhi national university of law punjab 36, rajiv gandhi proudyogiki vishwavidyalaya 696, rajiv gandhi university 681, rajmata vijayaraje scindia krishi vishwa vidyalaya, gwalior 4, rama devi womens university 13, ramakrishna mission vivekananda educational and research institute 222, ramakrishna mission vivekananda university 1, rama university, uttar pradesh 78, ramchandra chandravansi university 15, ranchi university 149, rani channamma university 138, rani durgavati vishwavidyalaya 356, rashtrasant tukadoji maharaj nagpur university 313, rashtriya raksha university 19, ravenshaw university 486, rayat bahra university, mohali 16, regional centre for biotechnology 1, renaissance university 26, reva university 219, rimt university 35, rkdf university 136, rkdf university ranchi 2, rk university 298, rnb global university 5, sabarmati university 10, sage university, indore 93, sai nath university 138, sambalpur university 1814, sam higginbottom institute of agriculture, technology and sciences 560, sampurnanand sanskrit vishwavidhyalaya 3, sanchi university of buddhist-indic studies, bhopal 6, sandip university 46, sangam university 70, sanjay gandhi post graduate institute of medical sciences, lucknow 12, sanjay ghodawat university 2, sankalchand patel university 63, sanskriti university 53, sant baba bhag singh university 38, sant gadge baba amravati university 3037, sant gahira guru vishwavidyalaya 1, sant longowal institute of engineering and technology 315, santosh deemed to be university 104, sardarkrushinagar dantiwada agricultural university 3, sardar patel university 3766, sardar vallabhbhai national institute of technology surat 411, sarvepalli radhakrishnan university 152, sastra university 569, satavahana university 12, sathyabama institute of science and technology 458, saurashtra university 3283, saveetha university 842, school of planning and architecture, bhopal 24, school of planning and architecture, new delhi 49, school of planning and architecture vijayawada 10, seacom skills university 160, sgt university 105, sharda university 244, sher-e-kashmir university of agricultural sciences and technology of jammu 154, shivaji university 5011, shiv nadar university 188, shobhit university, gangoh 31, shobhit university, meerut 166, shoolini university of biotechnology and management sciences 521, shree somnath sanskrit university 110, shri govind guru university 96, shri guru ram rai university 78, shri jagdishprasad jhabarmal tibarewala university 3676, shri khushal das university 144, shri lal bahadur shastri national sanskrit university 559, shri mata vaishno devi university 237, shri ramswaroop memorial university 157, shri rawatpura sarkar university 1, shri vaishnav vidyapeeth vishwavidyalaya 47, shri venkateshwara university, uttar pradesh 99, shyam university 18, siddharth university 7, sidho kanho birsha university 139, sido kanhu murmu university 21, sikkim manipal university 94, sikkim university 233, siksha "o" anusandhan university 568, singhania university 23, sir padampat singhania university 77, sister nivedita university 4, sndt womens university 1265, solapur university 270, south asian university 2, s. p. jain institute of management and research 5, sree sankaracharya university of sanskrit 723, sri balaji university, pune 4, sri balaji vidyapeeth 56, sri chandrasekharendra saraswathi viswa mahavidyalaya 417, sri devaraj urs academy of higher education and research 44, sri guru granth sahib world university 85, sri guru ram das university of health sciences 9, sri krishnadevaraya university 3434, srinivas university 21, sri padmavathi womens university 260, sri ramachandra institute of higher education and research 384, sri sai university 2, sri sathya sai institute of higher learning 110, sri satya sai university of technology & medical sciences 80, sri siddhartha academy of higher education 89, sri sri university 17, sri venkateswara institute of medical sciences 32, sri venkateswara university 5460, srm institute of science and technology 1661, srm university- ap 30, srm university, delhi-ncr, sonepat 83, sr university 1, starex university 16, st. joseph university, dimapur 21, st. peter’s institute of higher education and research 408, st. xaviers university, kolkata 1, sumandeep vidyapeeth deemed to be university 49, sunrise university 20, suresh gyan vihar university 398, sushant university (earlier ansal university) 59, swami rama himalayan university 22, swami ramanand teerth marathwada university 5684, swami vivekanad subharti university 224, swami vivekananda yoga anusandhana sansthana 145, swami vivekanand university 85, swarnim gujarat sports university 7, symbiosis international university 525, tamil nadu agricultural university 1423, tamil nadu dr. ambedkar law university 71, tamil nadu open university 54, tamilnadu physical education and sports university 262, tamil nadu teachers education university, chennai 203, tamil nadu veterinary and animal sciences university 79, tamil university 169, tantia university 402, tata institute of fundamental research 1032, tata institute of social sciences 600, techno india university 4, teerthanker mahaveer university 105, teri school of advanced studies 140, tezpur university 955, thapar institute of engineering and technology 1237, the assam kaziranga university 24, the assam royal global university 22, the charutar vidya mandal cvm university 9, the english & foreign languages university, hyderabad 823, the gandhigram rural institute 1401, the icfai university, dehradun 48, the iihmr university, jaipur 35, the indian law institute, new delhi 19, the lnm institute of information technology 35, the national academy of legal studies and research (nalsar) university of law 50, the national university of advanced legal studies 4, the neotia university 4, the northcap university 116, the tamil nadu dr. m.g.r. medical university 489, the university of burdwan 3198, the west bengal national university of juridical sciences 45, thiruvalluvar university 289, thunchath ezhuthachan malayalam university 16, tilak maharashtra vidyapeeth 916, tilka manjhi bhagalpur university 298, tripura university 488, tumkur university 313, uka tarsadia university 121, university of agricultural sciences, bangalore 458, university of agricultural sciences, dharwad 286, university of agricultural sciences, raichur 63, university of allahabad 2636, university of calicut 2311, university of delhi 5326, university of engineering and management, kolkata 17, university of gour banga 12, university of hyderabad 2792, university of jammu 1259, university of kalyani 3148, university of kashmir 2048, university of kerala 7521, university of kota 139, university of lucknow 6989, university of mysore 4421, university of north bengal 2072, university of patanjali 41, university of petroleum and energy studies (upes) 404, university of rajasthan 1810, university of science and technology, meghalaya 102, u.p. pt. deen dayal upadhyaya pashu chikitsa vigyan vishwavidhyalaya evam go anusandha sansthan 91, u p rajarshi tondon open university 336, usha martin university 21, utkal university 5715, uttarakhand open university 30, uttarakhand sanskrit university 57, uttarakhand technical university 281, uttaranchal university 81, vardhaman mahaveer open university, kota 23, v. b. s. purvanchal university 9329, veer kunwar singh university, arrah 32, veer narmad south gujarat university 3391, veer surendra sai university of technology 189, vellore institute of technology bhopal 16, vellore institute of technology, vellore 2296, vellore institute of technology (vit-ap) 97, vels university 1074, vel tech rangarajan dr. sagunthala r&d institute of science and technology 264, vidyasagar university 917, vignans foundation for science technology and research 224, vijayanagara sri krishnadevaraya university, bellary 133, vikram university 95, vinayaka missions research foundation 393, vinoba bhave university 279, vishwakarma university 30, visva-bharati 1709, visvesvaraya national institute of technology 343, visvesvaraya technological university, belagavi 1160, vivekananda global university 74, william carey university 3, world university of design 1, xim university 26, yashwantrao chavan maharashtra open university 335, ybn university 49, yenepoya (deemed to be university) 135, yogi vemana university 88, about shodhshuddhi.

Based on the recommendation of Sub-Committee, National Steering Committee (NSC) of e-ShodhSindhu, The Ministry of Education, Govt. of India has initiated a programme "ShodhShuddhi" which provides access to Plagiarism Detection Software (PDS) to all universities/Institutions in India since Sept 1, 2019 [Read More...]

Under this initiative, URKUND a Web Based Plagiarism Detection Software system is being provided to all users of universities/Intuitions in the country. This initiative is formally launched by Honorable Minister of HRD (now renamed as Minister of Education) on September 21, 2019

The INFLIBNET Centre receives numerous queries from Colleges regarding membership to Shodhganga and e-ShodhSindhu. Following clarifications are being provided in this regard: Read More.

Full Text Theses

Synopses/mrps/pdfs/fellowships, universities contributing, universities+cftis/inis signed mou, prof devika p madalli, sh. manoj kumar k, general / technical query, antiplagiarism query.

The Shodhganga@INFLIBNET Centre provides a platform for research students to deposit their Ph.D. theses and make it available to the entire scholarly community in open access. The repository has the ability to capture, index, store, disseminate and preserve ETDs submitted by the researchers. [Read l]

Dissertation Repositories, Open Access

How to find dissertations, open access repositories, selected university affiliated, open access repositories.

Use the websites listed below to find freely accessible (open access) dissertations from the United States and other countries.  While all repositories listed here include doctoral dissertations, Master's theses may be available in some cases as well.

Regis College maintains print copies of Regis student theses and dissertations in the Regis Library.  They are not digitized although individual students may have submitted their dissertation to a digital repository.

• American Doctoral Dissertations (EBSCO) A free resource, hosted by EBSCO, this database includes more than 172,000 theses and dissertations in total from 1902 to the present.
• British Library: EThOS, E-theses Online Service EThOS is the UK’s national thesis service. EThOS aims to hold a record for all doctoral theses awarded by all UK universities (institutions). Also available when using Regis Library discovery tool, PowerSearch.
• Digital Commons Network Free, full-text scholarly articles from hundreds of universities and colleges worldwide. Curated by university librarians and their supporting institutions, the Network includes a growing collection of peer-reviewed journal articles, book chapters, dissertations, working papers, conference proceedings, and other original scholarly work.
• Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (NDLTD) The Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (NDLTD) is an international organization dedicated to promoting the adoption, creation, use, dissemination, and preservation of electronic theses and dissertations (ETDs). We support electronic publishing and open access to scholarship in order to enhance the sharing of knowledge worldwide.
• Open Access Theses and Dissertations OATD.org aims to be the best possible resource for finding open access graduate theses and dissertations published around the world. Metadata (information about the theses) comes from over 1100 colleges, universities, and research institutions. OATD currently indexes 4,264,663 theses and dissertations.
• PQDT Open PQDT Open provides the full text of open access dissertations and theses free of charge. The authors of these dissertations and theses have opted to publish as open access.
• Theses Canada Theses Canada is a collaborative program between Library and Archives Canada (LAC) and nearly 70 universities accredited by Universities Canada. It strives to: acquire and preserve theses and dissertations from participating universities; provide free access to Canadian electronic theses and dissertations in the collection.

These digital repositories maintained by various universities enable public access to theses and dissertations.  These are just a select sample; there are many other repositories associated with universities.

• Duke University: Duke Space, Theses and Dissertations
• Harvard University: Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) Also available when using Regis Library discovery tool, PowerSearch.
• Johns Hopkins University: DSpace Repository
• Northeastern University: Digital Reposity Service: Theses and Dissertations
• University of Washington: ResearchWorks
• Walden University Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
• Last Updated: Jul 12, 2023 8:18 AM
• URL: https://libguides.regiscollege.edu/open_access_dissertations

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• Part of Perspectives on Terrorism, Vol. 12, No. 4 (August 2018)
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While Sandel argues that pursuing perfection through genetic engineering would decrease our sense of humility, he claims that the sense of solidarity we would lose is also important.

This thesis summarizes several points in Sandel’s argument, but it does not make a claim about how we should understand his argument. A reader who read Sandel’s argument would not also need to read an essay based on this descriptive thesis.  

Broad thesis (arguable, but difficult to support with evidence) 

Michael Sandel’s arguments about genetic engineering do not take into consideration all the relevant issues.

This is an arguable claim because it would be possible to argue against it by saying that Michael Sandel’s arguments do take all of the relevant issues into consideration. But the claim is too broad. Because the thesis does not specify which “issues” it is focused on—or why it matters if they are considered—readers won’t know what the rest of the essay will argue, and the writer won’t know what to focus on. If there is a particular issue that Sandel does not address, then a more specific version of the thesis would include that issue—hand an explanation of why it is important.  

Arguable thesis with analytical claim 

While Sandel argues persuasively that our instinct to “remake” (54) ourselves into something ever more perfect is a problem, his belief that we can always draw a line between what is medically necessary and what makes us simply “better than well” (51) is less convincing.

This is an arguable analytical claim. To argue for this claim, the essay writer will need to show how evidence from the article itself points to this interpretation. It’s also a reasonable scope for a thesis because it can be supported with evidence available in the text and is neither too broad nor too narrow.  

Arguable thesis with normative claim 

Given Sandel’s argument against genetic enhancement, we should not allow parents to decide on using Human Growth Hormone for their children.

This thesis tells us what we should do about a particular issue discussed in Sandel’s article, but it does not tell us how we should understand Sandel’s argument.  

Questions to ask about your thesis 

• Is the thesis truly arguable? Does it speak to a genuine dilemma in the source, or would most readers automatically agree with it?  
• Is the thesis too obvious? Again, would most or all readers agree with it without needing to see your argument?  
• Is the thesis complex enough to require a whole essay's worth of argument?  
• Is the thesis supportable with evidence from the text rather than with generalizations or outside research?  
• Would anyone want to read a paper in which this thesis was developed? That is, can you explain what this paper is adding to our understanding of a problem, question, or topic?
• picture_as_pdf Thesis

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• What Is a Thesis? | Ultimate Guide & Examples

What Is a Thesis? | Ultimate Guide & Examples

Published on September 14, 2022 by Tegan George . Revised on April 16, 2024.

A thesis is a type of research paper based on your original research. It is usually submitted as the final step of a master’s program or a capstone to a bachelor’s degree.

Writing a thesis can be a daunting experience. Other than a dissertation , it is one of the longest pieces of writing students typically complete. It relies on your ability to conduct research from start to finish: choosing a relevant topic , crafting a proposal , designing your research , collecting data , developing a robust analysis, drawing strong conclusions , and writing concisely .

Thesis template

You can also download our full thesis template in the format of your choice below. Our template includes a ready-made table of contents , as well as guidance for what each chapter should include. It’s easy to make it your own, and can help you get started.

Download Word template Download Google Docs template

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Table of contents

Thesis vs. thesis statement, how to structure a thesis, acknowledgements or preface, list of figures and tables, list of abbreviations, introduction, literature review, methodology, reference list, proofreading and editing, defending your thesis, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about theses.

You may have heard the word thesis as a standalone term or as a component of academic writing called a thesis statement . Keep in mind that these are two very different things.

• A thesis statement is a very common component of an essay, particularly in the humanities. It usually comprises 1 or 2 sentences in the introduction of your essay , and should clearly and concisely summarize the central points of your academic essay .
• A thesis is a long-form piece of academic writing, often taking more than a full semester to complete. It is generally a degree requirement for Master’s programs, and is also sometimes required to complete a bachelor’s degree in liberal arts colleges.
• In the US, a dissertation is generally written as a final step toward obtaining a PhD.
• In other countries (particularly the UK), a dissertation is generally written at the bachelor’s or master’s level.

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The final structure of your thesis depends on a variety of components, such as:

• Your discipline
• Your theoretical approach

Humanities theses are often structured more like a longer-form essay . Just like in an essay, you build an argument to support a central thesis.

In both hard and social sciences, theses typically include an introduction , literature review , methodology section ,  results section , discussion section , and conclusion section . These are each presented in their own dedicated section or chapter. In some cases, you might want to add an appendix .

Thesis examples

We’ve compiled a short list of thesis examples to help you get started.

• Example thesis #1:   “Abolition, Africans, and Abstraction: the Influence of the ‘Noble Savage’ on British and French Antislavery Thought, 1787-1807” by Suchait Kahlon.
• Example thesis #2: “’A Starving Man Helping Another Starving Man’: UNRRA, India, and the Genesis of Global Relief, 1943-1947″ by Julian Saint Reiman.

The very first page of your thesis contains all necessary identifying information, including:

• Your full title
• Your full name
• Your department
• Your institution and degree program
• Your submission date.

Sometimes the title page also includes your student ID, the name of your supervisor, or the university’s logo. Check out your university’s guidelines if you’re not sure.

Read more about title pages

The acknowledgements section is usually optional. Its main point is to allow you to thank everyone who helped you in your thesis journey, such as supervisors, friends, or family. You can also choose to write a preface , but it’s typically one or the other, not both.

Read more about acknowledgements Read more about prefaces

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An abstract is a short summary of your thesis. Usually a maximum of 300 words long, it’s should include brief descriptions of your research objectives , methods, results, and conclusions. Though it may seem short, it introduces your work to your audience, serving as a first impression of your thesis.

Read more about abstracts

A table of contents lists all of your sections, plus their corresponding page numbers and subheadings if you have them. This helps your reader seamlessly navigate your document.

Your table of contents should include all the major parts of your thesis. In particular, don’t forget the the appendices. If you used heading styles, it’s easy to generate an automatic table Microsoft Word.

Read more about tables of contents

While not mandatory, if you used a lot of tables and/or figures, it’s nice to include a list of them to help guide your reader. It’s also easy to generate one of these in Word: just use the “Insert Caption” feature.

Read more about lists of figures and tables

If you have used a lot of industry- or field-specific abbreviations in your thesis, you should include them in an alphabetized list of abbreviations . This way, your readers can easily look up any meanings they aren’t familiar with.

Read more about lists of abbreviations

Relatedly, if you find yourself using a lot of very specialized or field-specific terms that may not be familiar to your reader, consider including a glossary . Alphabetize the terms you want to include with a brief definition.

Read more about glossaries

An introduction sets up the topic, purpose, and relevance of your thesis, as well as expectations for your reader. This should:

• Ground your research topic , sharing any background information your reader may need
• Define the scope of your work
• Introduce any existing research on your topic, situating your work within a broader problem or debate
• State your research question(s)
• Outline (briefly) how the remainder of your work will proceed

In other words, your introduction should clearly and concisely show your reader the “what, why, and how” of your research.

Read more about introductions

A literature review helps you gain a robust understanding of any extant academic work on your topic, encompassing:

• Selecting relevant sources
• Determining the credibility of your sources
• Critically evaluating each of your sources
• Drawing connections between sources, including any themes, patterns, conflicts, or gaps

A literature review is not merely a summary of existing work. Rather, your literature review should ultimately lead to a clear justification for your own research, perhaps via:

• Addressing a gap in the literature
• Building on existing knowledge to draw new conclusions
• Exploring a new theoretical or methodological approach
• Introducing a new solution to an unresolved problem
• Definitively advocating for one side of a theoretical debate

Read more about literature reviews

Theoretical framework

Your literature review can often form the basis for your theoretical framework, but these are not the same thing. A theoretical framework defines and analyzes the concepts and theories that your research hinges on.

Read more about theoretical frameworks

Your methodology chapter shows your reader how you conducted your research. It should be written clearly and methodically, easily allowing your reader to critically assess the credibility of your argument. Furthermore, your methods section should convince your reader that your method was the best way to answer your research question.

A methodology section should generally include:

• Your overall approach ( quantitative vs. qualitative )
• Your research methods (e.g., a longitudinal study )
• Your data collection methods (e.g., interviews or a controlled experiment
• Any tools or materials you used (e.g., computer software)
• The data analysis methods you chose (e.g., statistical analysis , discourse analysis )
• A strong, but not defensive justification of your methods

Read more about methodology sections

Your results section should highlight what your methodology discovered. These two sections work in tandem, but shouldn’t repeat each other. While your results section can include hypotheses or themes, don’t include any speculation or new arguments here.

Your results section should:

• State each (relevant) result with any (relevant) descriptive statistics (e.g., mean , standard deviation ) and inferential statistics (e.g., test statistics , p values )
• Explain how each result relates to the research question
• Determine whether the hypothesis was supported

Additional data (like raw numbers or interview transcripts ) can be included as an appendix . You can include tables and figures, but only if they help the reader better understand your results.

Read more about results sections

Your discussion section is where you can interpret your results in detail. Did they meet your expectations? How well do they fit within the framework that you built? You can refer back to any relevant source material to situate your results within your field, but leave most of that analysis in your literature review.

For any unexpected results, offer explanations or alternative interpretations of your data.

Read more about discussion sections

Your thesis conclusion should concisely answer your main research question. It should leave your reader with an ultra-clear understanding of your central argument, and emphasize what your research specifically has contributed to your field.

Why does your research matter? What recommendations for future research do you have? Lastly, wrap up your work with any concluding remarks.

Read more about conclusions

In order to avoid plagiarism , don’t forget to include a full reference list at the end of your thesis, citing the sources that you used. Choose one citation style and follow it consistently throughout your thesis, taking note of the formatting requirements of each style.

Which style you choose is often set by your department or your field, but common styles include MLA , Chicago , and APA.

Create APA citations Create MLA citations

In order to stay clear and concise, your thesis should include the most essential information needed to answer your research question. However, chances are you have many contributing documents, like interview transcripts or survey questions . These can be added as appendices , to save space in the main body.

Read more about appendices

Once you’re done writing, the next part of your editing process begins. Leave plenty of time for proofreading and editing prior to submission. Nothing looks worse than grammar mistakes or sloppy spelling errors!

Consider using a professional thesis editing service or grammar checker to make sure your final project is perfect.

Once you’ve submitted your final product, it’s common practice to have a thesis defense, an oral component of your finished work. This is scheduled by your advisor or committee, and usually entails a presentation and Q&A session.

After your defense , your committee will meet to determine if you deserve any departmental honors or accolades. However, keep in mind that defenses are usually just a formality. If there are any serious issues with your work, these should be resolved with your advisor way before a defense.

If you want to know more about AI for academic writing, AI tools, or research bias, make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples or go directly to our tools!

Research bias

• Survivorship bias
• Self-serving bias
• Availability heuristic
• Halo effect
• Hindsight bias
• Deep learning
• Generative AI
• Machine learning
• Reinforcement learning
• Supervised vs. unsupervised learning

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The conclusion of your thesis or dissertation shouldn’t take up more than 5–7% of your overall word count.

If you only used a few abbreviations in your thesis or dissertation , you don’t necessarily need to include a list of abbreviations .

If your abbreviations are numerous, or if you think they won’t be known to your audience, it’s never a bad idea to add one. They can also improve readability, minimizing confusion about abbreviations unfamiliar to your reader.

When you mention different chapters within your text, it’s considered best to use Roman numerals for most citation styles. However, the most important thing here is to remain consistent whenever using numbers in your dissertation .

A thesis or dissertation outline is one of the most critical first steps in your writing process. It helps you to lay out and organize your ideas and can provide you with a roadmap for deciding what kind of research you’d like to undertake.

Generally, an outline contains information on the different sections included in your thesis or dissertation , such as:

• Your anticipated title
• Your abstract
• Your chapters (sometimes subdivided into further topics like literature review , research methods , avenues for future research, etc.)

A thesis is typically written by students finishing up a bachelor’s or Master’s degree. Some educational institutions, particularly in the liberal arts, have mandatory theses, but they are often not mandatory to graduate from bachelor’s degrees. It is more common for a thesis to be a graduation requirement from a Master’s degree.

Even if not mandatory, you may want to consider writing a thesis if you:

• Plan to attend graduate school soon
• Have a particular topic you’d like to study more in-depth
• Are considering a career in research
• Would like a capstone experience to tie up your academic experience

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