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APA Formatting and Style (7th ed.) for Student Papers

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APA 7th ed. Fillable Word Template and Sample Paper

• APA 7th ed. Template Download this Word document, fill out the title page and get writing!
• Sample Paper APA 7th ed. Our APA sample paper shows you how to format the main parts of a basic research paper.
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APA Style Help & Tools

{{page_title}}, best bet: apa's academic writer.

Academic Writer is the only authoritative and complete online environment for teaching, writing, and publishing in APA Style®, now updated to the 7th Edition. Designed to help users develop their writing and professional research skills, Academic Writer combines sophisticated learning and teaching tools, advanced writing and content management technology, and full integration of APA’s best-selling Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association® to create an unparalleled web-based suite of integrated services and tools.

Access Academic Writer anytime with this link:

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Academic Writer Documentation & Tips

The below links lead to more information, tips, and training about the basics of using Academic Writer.

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Using Academic Writer's Writing Tools

Academic Writer contains a Writing section where you can create and write a full APA-formatted paper.  You can write the entire paper in Academic Writer or just use it to setup the title page, headings, and references.  Export your work at any time to a Microsoft Word document.  Below are documents from Academic Writer about the essential features of their Writing tools.  

• Setting up the Title Page
• Adding References to Papers (PDF)
• Adding In-Text Citations (PDF)
• Adding Tables (PDF)
• Exporting Papers (PDF)

Featured Items from Academic Writer

Basics of APA Style

Learn the basics of APA Style, including how to format a manuscript, understand the form and function of common manuscript parts, organize and express your thoughts clearly and precisely, employ the mechanics of style, use graphic elements effectively, credit sources and acknowledge the contributions of others, and construct a comprehensive and reliable reference list.

Academic Writer

© 2020 American Psychological Association.

How to Avoid Plagiarism and Self-Plagiarism

Learn how to avoid plagiarism and self-plagiarism, including how to identify plagiarism, understand its risks and consequences, cite sources properly, and develop sound writing practices.

Learn how to set up the title page of an APA Style paper, including the page header and running head, title, author name and affiliation, and author note.

Paper Template: ("Merenda" Sample Student Paper)

This sample response paper presents a university student's personal reaction to an article about whether medication is prescribed too often to young children to treat psychological disorders. The title page demonstrates the simple default layout for a student paper. The paper has a simple setup with only a title page, body of text, and references. No "running head"! Response papers typically do not include author notes or abstracts, though this may vary by assignment.

Visit the Writing Center

Need writing help?  Visit the Writing Center to contact a tutor, submit your paper for review and feedback, or ask APA Style-related questions, as well as access dozens of writing tutorials, videos, webinars, and other instructional resources.

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PG Writing Center's Top APA Links

• Common Citations in APA Format
• APA Title Page and Running Head Video
• APA (7th Edition) Demystified in 5 Minutes Video
• Formatting an APA Style (7th Edition) Reference List Video
• Writing With Integrity (APA Style 7th Ed.)

eBook on APA Style 7th Edition

Zotero: Free Reference Management Tool

Zotero [zoh-TAIR-oh] is a free, easy-to-use tool to help you collect, organize, cite, and share your research sources. This tool is especially popular for heavy researchers at the grad level and above.

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APA Style, 7th edition

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APA Style Formatting Steps

Setting up page numbering for apa.

1. Set font as Times New Roman and size 12.

2. Click on Insert.

3. Click on Page Number.

4. Click on Top of Page.

5. Click on Plain Number 3 box.

6. Finish cover page (see pages 11 and 12 of the APA guide).

7. Go to second page.

8. Type your title in bold at the top and centered.

9. Close Header/Footer box.

• APA Style Citations Video [PDF] Video Transcript

Sample Paper

• Purdue OWL: APA Sample Paper [PDF] An example of a correctly formatted APA style research paper. From Purdue University Online Writing Center (OWL).
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• Last Updated: Feb 8, 2024 11:39 AM
• URL: https://libguides.randolph.edu/apa

Citation Guides

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APA Sample Paper from APA Style Online

The following PDF provides a sample paper written in the APA style to demonstrate visually how the guidelines work in action. This PDF is used with full credit to the  APA Style Online , which maintains a robust online guide to students and professionals alike who want to learn about writing and formatting in the APA style. This resource is strongly recommended as a resource if you need something more in depth than this guide provides.

APA Sample Paper from Purdue OWL (Online Writing Lab)

The following PDF provides a sample paper written in the APA style to demonstrate visually how the guidelines work in action. This PDF is used with thanks and full credit to the  Purdue OWL (Online Writing Lab) , which maintains a robust online guide to a variety of style guides, avoiding plagiarism, and writing at the academic level in general. They are strongly recommended as a resource if you need something more in depth than this guide provides.

“APA Sample Paper.”  APA Sample Paper - Purdue OWL® - Purdue University , Purdue OWL / Purdue University, 30 Jan. 2020, owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/apa_sample_paper.html. Accessed on 2 Feb. 2024.

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• URL: https://libguide.umary.edu/citations

APA Style Guide (7th Edition)

• APA Resources
• Formatting Your Essay

References page: The basics

References page: the details.

• Building an Article Reference Entry
• Building Specialized Reference Entries
• In-text Citations
• The Annotated Bibliography in APA

Books for APA questions

We have print books that you can access at all of our campuses and eBooks that you can access anywhere!

This print copy of APA's  official publication  lays out every aspect of APA style formatting.  We have copies at every campus!

We also have eBooks, like this  online guide  that can be accessed anywhere through our library! 

¡Incluso hay una guía APA en español disponible en línea!

For every in-text citation that you include in your assignment, you need to have a corresponding full citation on the References page. Similarly, every citation entry on your References page should represent at least one in-text citation. It is easiest to collect the full citation information for every resource that you find while doing your research, then drop the ones that you use into the References page as you use information from them in your narrative, as it can be very challenging if you wait to build your full citations while writing your paper!

• Begin the Reference list on a new page immediately after the body of your text. It is the last page in your paper unless you have appendices or an index.
• The word “References” in bold is centered at the top of the page.
• Double space the entire list.
• Each entry provides Author, Date, Title, and Source of the work being cited.  See the details section below for more information!
• Entries are ordered alphabetically by Author.  
• The first line of each entry is left justified with every subsequent line of the entry indented by 1/2".

Visit Purdue's OWL to see a  sample APA paper  including a References page; another example to help you visualize the format for a References page is shown here in a graphic by Jennifer Betts of Bibliography.com (2021):

A full citation for the References page of an APA work will include 4 basic elements separated with periods: Author. (Date). Title. Source. For additional information, the APA also a concise guide for full citations of journal articles, books, and book chapters, as well as an extensive list of example reference citations for various circumstances.

• Example: Smythe, G. B. (Date). Title. Source.
• International Association of Smythe Families. (Date). Title. Source.
• Every author of a work is listed in the Reference citation using the basic format, separated by a comma between each author and with an ampersand (“&” symbol) before the last author’s name; you must list the first 20 authors this way, but if there are more than 20 authors, you show the first 20 (with no ampersand) followed by an ellipse (“…” symbol). Author names are shown in the same order as they appear in the publication.
• Example: Smythe, G. B. & Jonas, L. (Date). Title. Source.
• Example: Smythe, G., Smythe, L., Smythe, N. & Smythe, R. (Date). Title. Source.
• If an Author has multiple entries, list them in order from oldest to most recent.
• Example: Author. (2021a). Title. Source.
• Use the title of the work in place of an unknown Author
• Example: Yearbook of the International Association of Smythe Families. (Date). Source.
• Example: Author. (2021). Title. Source.
• Use the copyright year.
• Use the date from the Journal volume in which article appears, even if it's different than the copyright year. Include only the year for the Date element; the full date of the journal is part of the Source element.
• Do not assume the copyright date from the site's footer applies to the content that you are citing!
• Example: Author. (2021, January 1). Title. URLincludinghttp://
• Example with no date, retrieval date included: Author. (n.d.). Title. Source. Retrieved January 1, 2021, from URLincludinghttp://
• Use the month, day, or season along with the year
• Example: Author. (2021, Spring/Summer). Title. Source.
• Example: Author. (2021, January 1). Title. Source.
• Include a complete date when possible; if you can't find all of the date elements for the resource type, include as much information in the date element as you can find. If there is absolutely no date associated with the resource, then you use an abbreviation for "no date" in place of the date element. Use lower case letters with a period behind each letter and no spaces: (n.d.).
• Use the title of the article or chapter as the Title element; the title of the whole work is included in the Source.
• Includes journal and Newspaper articles, book chapters, etc.
• Basic format is to use normal text (no quotes, italics, etc.) expressed in sentence case (i.e. only capitalize the first word, the first word after a colon or dash, and proper nouns).
• Includes books, reports, etc.
• Basic format is to italicize the Title and to use sentence case (i.e. only capitalize the first word, the first word after a colon or dash, and proper nouns).
• Example: Author. (Date). This is the title: This is the subtitle. Source.
• Example: Author. (Date). This is the title (2 nd ed., Vol. 7). Source.
• The first part is a necessary element for all Sources; this is the publication information of the book (publisher) or the periodical (i.e. name of journal, volume and issue numbers, and page range of the article).
• The second part, required when the work was accessed digitally, is the URL (web address or permalink as appropriate) or its DOI (Digital Object Identifier) which is a unique id permanently assigned to that object.
• If the Title was used in place of the Author element, you skip the Title element.
• If you cited part of a book for the Title (e.g. a book chapter or encyclopedia entry), the whole work is the Source.
• Example: Author. (Date). Title. In F. M. Last (Ed.), This is the title for the whole book (pp. 101-142). Publisher. DOIorURLincludinghttp://
• Example: Author. (Date). Title. In F. M. Last and F. M. Last (Eds.), This is the title for the whole book (p. 474). Publisher. DOIorURLincludinghttp://
• If the editor’s name/s have already been used in the Author field, don’t repeat them in the Source; use “In This is the title …).
• Example: Author. (Date). Title of the whole work . Publisher. DOIorURLincludinghttp://
• Example: Author. (Date). Title. Journal Title , 42 (1), 18-24. DOIorURLincludinghttp://
• Example: Author. (Date). Title. The Washington Post. URLincludinghttp://
• You do not include any information on the database in which you found the resource unless that exact database is the only place for your reader to retrieve the work!
• The URL or DOI in your Reference list should begin with http:// and they should be active links if your work is available online. You can use the default settings for active links (e.g. underlined blue text) or the links can be black without underlining.

American Psychological Association. (2020). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association: The official guide to APA style (7th edition). 

Betts, J. (2021, March 17). APA Citation Generator (Free) & Complete APA Format Guide . Bibliography.com. https://www.bibliography.com/apa/apa-format-and-citations/

Purdue OWL. (n.d.).  APA Sample Paper . Purdue Writing Lab. https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/apa_sample_paper.html

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RCE 672: Research and Program Evaluation: APA Sample Paper

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APA Sample Paper from the Purdue OWL

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1.13: Writing an APA Essay

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Communicating in written form is an essential skill. One major aspect of effective writing is understanding the style and format for the intended audience. Today, there is a variety of insructional technology tools that can assist us in effective writing. This chapter provides an overview along with resources for writing in the American Psychological Association (APA) style; the most commonly used style for graduate writing.

This lecture provides an overview of writing a scholarly essay:

APA Resources

There are a variety of resources available that assist authors in following the rules and regulations of writing in APA. The American Psychology Association (APA) publishes a manual and the latest release is the 7th edition. For any author needing to write multiple works in APA, the style manual is a good investment. In addition, there are other APA reference guides available in print as well as online.

The APA Style site provides great resources and links to resources. There are a multitude of other websites that provide explanations for writing in APA.

Probably one of the most well known writing style website resources is the Purdue University Online Writing Lab (OWL). Actually, the first item listed on a Google search for “owl” is the online writing lab link as compared to any site providing information about the animals themselves. The Purdue OWL provides great overviews and examples for writing in APA and a variety of other styles of other styles as well.

Since thre are so many web resources, often times a we serach for a specific question will provide great results. For example, if an author is wanting to verify how to create a list in APA; they could type “list in APA” in the search engine and will likely find many results that provide the exact information they were looking for.

APA Mistakes

Formatting the apa essay.

Writing the APA Essay

Listing the APA References

scholarly resources

When writing a research paper, literature review, or a scholarly essay; it’s crucial to use scholarly resources. A great place to find scholarly information is through journals, since many of them use a peer-review process prior to publishing the article. Traditionally, these journals and their archives can be found at the library. Today, most journals have an online presence but they typically require a subscription to access the information. Thankfully, many libraries have subscriptions to online databases that allow you to search through multiple journals at a time for a given topic. This has made finding scholarly resources incredible efficient and convenient. The following tutorial provides an example of an online database:

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Citation management tools help you track and organize the articles you are gathering for your research.  Citation management tools also generate in-text citations, import records from databases, and reference pages.   NOTE : Errors do occasionally occur with citation managers, so always check your citations and references.

• Zotero by Michael Witt
• Endnote Desktop by Robert Freeman
• Endnote Basic by Jerilyn Tinio
• Endnote Web vs. Zotero
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• Last Edited: May 23, 2024 6:11 PM
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Spring 2024 - ENGL 101 Capstone Project - Prof. Stewart

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How to Cite A Source in APA 7 Style

• Cite A Book in APA 7 (Purdue Owl)
• Cite A Scholarly Article in APA 7 (Purdue Owl)
• Cite A Website in APA 7 (Purdue Owl)
• Create In-Text Citations in APA 7 (Purdue Owl)
• Cite An Interview, Conference Presentation in APA 7 (Purdue Owl)

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Updated: video tutorials on apa 7th. ed..

UPDATED: APA Basics and Sample Student Papers

This American Psychological Association tutorial introduces students to APA Style, including formatting papers, citing sources, and references.

For student papers, the first page of an APA style paper is the title page. This should include in order:

• Title of paper, capitalized. For example: Branching Paths: A Novel Teacher Evaluation Model for Faculty Development
• Author's name and institution or school
• Course number and name. For example: ENGL 105
• Instructor name. For example: Dr./Instructor James Khachikian
• Assignment due date. For example: December 12, 2021

After the title page, APA style student papers include the abstract. An abstract is the summary of the paper and the main ideas presented. The abstract page should be numbered and have the same running header. The page should have the Abstract, in bold font centered on the page . The abstract text should be in an accessible font like 12-point Times News Roman . It should be followed by Keywords, italicized . The keywords should be the main ideas from your paper.

HEADERS 

APA style papers must use specific formatting for headers. Each level of headers must be followed as outlined below.

Chart from the APA Headings website .

• UPDATED: Sample Student Paper in APA Format This sample paper is from the official APA website. This is an updated version per the 7th edition of the APA Manual.
• UPDATED: Sample Annotated Student Paper in APA Format This sample paper is from the official APA website. This is an updated version per the 7th edition of the APA Manual.

UPDATED: GCC Library's Guide to APA Style

This 2-page guide has been updated and is also available in print in the Library. There is now only one guide that replaces the older guides. A separate guide for print and electronic resources is no longer needed. 

• UPDATED: APA Style for Reference List: A Brief Guide This guide was last updated Fall 22

UPDATED: APA Style Guide from OWL Purdue & Other Resources

From Purdue University's Online Writing Lab (OWL)

• UPDATED: APA Style, 7th edition
• Citing AI/ChatGPT Note: APA reccommends the use of AI for students and researchers to create text and to facilitate their research, not to write the full text of their paper or manuscript.

UPDATED: Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 7th edition

This manual is the authority on the APA Style. The GCC Library has 2 copies of this book. One is available for checkout. The other is located at the Research Help Desk (cannot be checked out, but always available for use in the Library. Ask for it at the Research Help Desk).

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American Studies

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Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL)

Apa style (7th edition) resources, chicago style (17th edition) resources, mla style (9th edition) resources, citing indigenous elders & knowledge keepers, social sciences & data literacy librarian.

The Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL) offers detailed information about the most common citation formats:  APA ,  MLA , and  Chicago Manual of Style . These links will take you to general format information. Use the left sidebar on the Purdue OWL page to find more specific information about citation styles for different types of sources.

• APA Style Help

APA Style guidelines  for citing ChatGPT.

Much like the policies on using Generative AI, like ChatGPT, the citation requirements for GenAI will vary from course to course. Always check with your professor for their AI citation expectations.

• Chicago Manual of Style Quick Guide

Chicago Style  guidelines  for citing ChatGPT.

• MLA Style Center

MLA Style  guidelines  for citing ChatGPT.

Templates  for culturally responsive citation for the variation of knowledge across indigenous communities.

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APA Citation Practice Quiz

APA style is used by writers to write concise, effective, and scholarly articles. In this APA citation practice quiz, we’ll be taking a look at your knowledge of the style and guidelines. This quiz contains various types of questions ranging from easy, medium, to complex. It will also provide you with valuable explanations for each answer, so you can hopefully learn something on top of testing your prior knowledge! If you like the quiz, don’t forget to share it with your friends and family. Good luck!

Students who owned computers scored 10 points higher than those who did not own computers.

Need to reference

No need to reference

Rate this question:

A new analysis of data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) shows that nearly half (48%) of all uninsured children have not had a well-child visit in the past year.

The united states of america became a country in 1776., which of the following statements would need to be referenced.

Internet Explorer is a lot of fun because you can find interesting information.

Internet Explorer has a 96% browser market share as of June 2000.

Internet Explorer is created by Microsoft

Bill Gates is the man who founded the company that creates Internet Explorer.

None of the above.

When quoting long sections of material (e.g., of more than 40 words):

Set the quote off with double quotation marks

Indent and use a block format without any quotation marks

Use a single quotation at the beginning and end of the quotation

Use double quotation marks and single spacing

When summarizing or paraphrasing a source, be sure to give:

The authors' names

The year of publication

The page number

All of the above

When citing a direct quotation from a source, be sure to give:

Indicate which is the correct apa in-text citation for the following source: title: role of personality in determining value judgements authors: maxine renee shaw, jonathan l. speaks, kathleen m. neal publication: journal of applied psychology volume no.: 75 date published: 1999 page numbers: 558-577.

(Maxine Renee Shaw, Jonathan L. Speaks, Kathleen M. Neal, p. 12-15)

(Shaw, Maxine Renee, Speaks, Jonathan L., and Neal, Kathleen M., 2005, p. 12-15)

(Shaw, Speaks, and Neal, 2005, p. 12-15)

(Shaw, Speaks, and Neal, 12-15)

To avoid plagiarizing, you should:

Give proper attribution to all sources, and know how to quote correctly

When paraphrasing, rewrite statements completely in your own words

Proofread carefully

Read the new passage and compare it to the original.  Is this appropriate or inappropriate paraphrasing? The original passage: Students frequently overuse direct quotation in taking notes, and as a result they overuse quotations in the final [research] paper. Probably only about 10% of your final manuscript should appear as directly quoted matter. Therefore, you should strive to limit the amount of exact transcribing of source materials while taking notes. Lester, James D. Writing Research Papers. 2nd ed. (1976): 46-47. The new passage: In research papers students often quote excessively, failing to keep quoted material down to a desirable level. Since the problem usually originates during note taking, it is essential to minimize the material recorded verbatim (Lester 46-47). Source: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/research/r_paraphr.html

This is an appropriate paraphrase.

This is an inappropriate paraphrase

Read the new passage and compare it to the original. Is this an example of appropriate or inappropriate paraphrasing? The original passage: Students frequently overuse direct quotation in taking notes, and as a result they overuse quotations in the final [research] paper. Probably only about 10% of your final manuscript should appear as directly quoted matter. Therefore, you should strive to limit the amount of exact transcribing of source materials while taking notes. Lester, James D. Writing Research Papers. 2nd ed. (1976): 46-47. The new passage: Students often use too many direct quotations when they take notes, resulting in too many of them in the final research paper. In fact, probably only about 10% of the final copy should consist of directly quoted material. So it is important to limit the amount of source material copied while taking notes. Source: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/research/r_paraphr.html

This is appropriate paraphrasing

This is inappropriate paraphrasing

How do you quote correctly?

Give the source. As long as I do that, I don't need to do anything else

Introduce the quotation, format it correctly, use quotation marks, and cite correctly. Thoughtfully integrate the quotation into your writing

Mention the author of the quote and use quotation marks

Mention the author of the quote and no need to add quotation marks

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