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A Systematic Review Based on Earned Value Management and Quality

• Conference paper
• First Online: 23 May 2019
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• Christopher de Souza Lima Francisco 15 &
• Adler Diniz de Souza 15  

Part of the book series: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing ((AISC,volume 800))

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Currently the Project Management Institute (PMI) estimates that approximately 25% of the world’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is spent on projects of various kinds and that about 16.5 million professionals are directly involved in project management worldwide. This volume of projects and changes in the world scenario, increasingly competitive, generate the need for faster results, with higher quality, lower costs and shorter deadlines. Among the main techniques for analyzing cost, time and scope performance, the Earned Value Management (EVM) technique is considered to be the most reliable. Several formulas derived from EVM’s measurements are available and have been studied over the past 15 years. However, EVM has a significant limitation regarding quality in its method. The technique is effective in providing cost and schedule related information but is still weak in taking the quality factor into account. The main objective of this work is to contribute to studies that seek to add the quality component into EVM and comparing performance between them. This paper presents the results of a systematic review, providing a comprehensive summary of the main problems with the use of the EVM technique and the possible solutions found to improve its capacity to predict the impact of quality (possible bugs or nonconformities) in the course of a project’s life cycle.

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A Proposal for the Improvement of Project’s Cost Predictability Using Earned Value Management and Quality Data – An Empirical Study

A Proposal for the Improvement Predictability of Cost Using Earned Value Management and Quality Data

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Federal University of Itajubá, Itajubá, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Christopher de Souza Lima Francisco & Adler Diniz de Souza

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Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA

Shahram Latifi

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de Souza Lima Francisco, C., de Souza, A.D. (2019). A Systematic Review Based on Earned Value Management and Quality. In: Latifi, S. (eds) 16th International Conference on Information Technology-New Generations (ITNG 2019). Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 800. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14070-0_20

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DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14070-0_20

Published : 23 May 2019

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Earned value management agent-based simulation model.

1. Introduction

2. problem statement, 3. methodology, 3.1. modeling and simulation method.

• System analysis. In this activity, we establish the aim of the model based on the research questions. The result is an analysis statement. In our case, it is a narrative document based on the ODD protocol that defines the purpose and details of the model we built.
• Conceptual modeling of the system. In this activity, we analyze the problem domain’s language to make a first approximation. The result is a conceptual system model. We use the Unified Modeling Language (UML) to represent the abstractions produced in the analysis of the problem language.
• Simulation design. In this activity, we design the simulation. The result is a simulation model based on a specific framework or tool. We use the Netlogo tool as the technological basis for the design.
• Simulation Code Generation. In this activity, we write a computer executable code that implements the designed model in the selected tool. The result is a simulation code. The generated code is written in Logo for Netlogo and implements the simulator design.
• Simulation Setup. In this activity, we configure the experiment in the simulator. Using input data, we specify simulation scenarios. We used Netlogo’s BehaviorSpace tool to experiment with a dataset based on a typical software project management template with 61 core tasks and a max of seven employees. This experimentation consisted of 2100 runs resulting from the combination of input variables and their possible valid values.
• Simulation execution. In this activity, we ran the experiment within the pre-set parameters. We obtained simulation results. The data obtained are the product of each “tick” (the discrete-time in Netlogo) and the states of all the input variables, agents, and earned value management metrics produced in each of the 2100 runs. The resulting data give us system state information in the entire parameter space.
• Simulation Results Analysis. In this activity, we analyze the results to contribute to the clarification of the proposed research questions. We use the resulting data to generate a simulation analysis report. We performed the following: (a) a t-Student test to compare dissimilarities in the results of simple scenario simulations between our prototype and tools suggested by PMI to analyze the EVM in hypothetical projects; (b) a sensitivity assessment to support the interpretation; (c) an explanation of simulation model outcomes and an active nonlinear test to examine the necessary considerations in the simulation structure and thereby begin to approach complexity.

3.2. Model Description

3.3. model validation, 4.1. netlogo prototype, 4.2. model validation, 5. discussion, 6. conclusions, author contributions, institutional review board statement, informed consent statement, data availability statement, acknowledgments, conflicts of interest, abbreviations.

Appendix A. The Earned Value Management Model

Appendix a.1. overview, appendix a.1.1. purpose and patterns, appendix a.1.2. entities, state variables, and scales, state variables.

Appendix A.1.3. Process Overview and Scheduling

Click here to enlarge figure

Appendix A.2. Design Concepts

Appendix a.2.1. basic principles.

• A task backlog: a task backlog (to-do column) requires individuals to complete it.
• A task board: task states are portrayed on a task board to visualize the project’s advancement.
• Players: players must take as many tasks as permitted from the “to-do” queue and deliver them to the “done” cue in the panel. While a player is working on an assignment, he must keep the assignment tag in the “in-progress” column.
• A cost and schedule: the task has a planned cost in hours and start–finish time, but the worker could delay or advance in completing the job, or environmental situations could increase and decrease the final cost.
• Performance metrics: the earned value management metrics estimate the project performance.

Appendix A.2.2. Emergence

Appendix a.2.3. adaptation, appendix a.2.4. objectives, appendix a.2.5. prediction, appendix a.2.6. stochasticity, appendix a.2.7. collectives, appendix a.2.8. observation, appendix a.3. details, appendix a.3.1. initialization, appendix a.3.2. input data.

Appendix A.3.3. Submodels

Earned value management.

Appendix B. Sensitivity Assessment

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Share and Cite

Castañón-Puga, M.; Rosales-Cisneros, R.F.; Acosta-Prado, J.C.; Tirado-Ramos, A.; Khatchikian, C.; Aburto-Camacllanqui, E. Earned Value Management Agent-Based Simulation Model. Systems 2023 , 11 , 86. https://doi.org/10.3390/systems11020086

Castañón-Puga M, Rosales-Cisneros RF, Acosta-Prado JC, Tirado-Ramos A, Khatchikian C, Aburto-Camacllanqui E. Earned Value Management Agent-Based Simulation Model. Systems . 2023; 11(2):86. https://doi.org/10.3390/systems11020086

Castañón-Puga, Manuel, Ricardo Fernando Rosales-Cisneros, Julio César Acosta-Prado, Alfredo Tirado-Ramos, Camilo Khatchikian, and Elías Aburto-Camacllanqui. 2023. "Earned Value Management Agent-Based Simulation Model" Systems 11, no. 2: 86. https://doi.org/10.3390/systems11020086

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• Externally hosted supplementary file 1 Link: https://www.comses.net/codebases/4effb542-f69f-464d-9f96-69f19d36ae8a/releases/1.0.0/ Description: Netlogo Earned Value Management Model (version 1.0.0)

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