the problem of unemployment in india essay in english

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Unemployment In India Essay - 100, 200, 500 Words

• Essay on Unemployment in India-

Unemployment is the inability to obtain a job in a well-established organisation despite repeated attempts. This issue has become critical in the twenty-first century due to various issues, such as a lack of human capital, illiteracy, resource availability, crime rate, mental stress, and even the effect of political considerations. One of the biggest concerns in the working field is the exploitation of people, making them lose hope in their profession. They are subjected to unequal wage distribution by their employer.

100 Words Essay on Unemployment in India

200 words essay on unemployment in india, 500 words essay on unemployment in india.

Unemployment is when a person is willing to work but cannot find a job. In India, unemployment is a big problem because there are not enough jobs for everyone. Unemployment is a big problem in India that affects many people. It is caused by a lack of job opportunities, a mismatch between the skills of the workforce and the needs of employers, and a rapidly growing population .

The Indian government is trying to help by creating more jobs through schemes like the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) and the Pradhan Mantri Rojgar Protsahan Yojana (PMRPY) . These schemes provide employment opportunities for people living in rural areas and also encourage employers to provide more jobs for new job seekers.

“We need to give importance to skill development because this way we can end unemployment.” - Narendra Modi

Unemployment is a severe problem in India that affects millions of people. It is defined as a situation where a person is able and willing to work but cannot find a job. Unemployment can lead to poverty, social unrest and other negative effects on individuals and society.

Causes Of Unemployment

One of India's leading causes of unemployment is the lack of job opportunities . This can be due to various factors, such as a slow-growing economy, a need for more investment in specific industries, and education and training for certain jobs. Additionally, the population in India is growing rapidly, and there needs to be more jobs to keep up with the increasing number of people entering the workforce.

Another cause of unemployment in India is the mismatch between workforce skills and employers' needs. Many people in India need to gain the skills or education required for the available jobs, making it difficult for them to find work. Furthermore, many jobs in India require specific skills or qualifications that are not widely available. However, the Indian Government is taking steps to tackle unemployment through schemes and policies, as well as by encouraging investment and education.

Unemployment is a significant problem. If a country has an unemployment problem, that country will be unable to expand swiftly. Different difficulties will occur in such a situation; if individuals do not have jobs, they will engage in various improper actions that will damage the country.

Because of unemployment, many young people become involved in criminal activity. The country must bear this. Because of the increase in unemployment, significant crimes such as theft, dacoity, murder, and kidnapping have surged throughout the country. The best way to reduce these atrocities is to employ young people.

Causes of Unemployment in India

Population | India's fast-growing population contributes significantly to the country's high unemployment rate. Because as a country's population grows, so does the number of people working there, and as a result, competition among the people grows, and there is no assurance that everyone will receive a job.

Youth are the country's future, and if they do not have jobs, they will engage in other illicit and criminal actions, which can hinder the country's development. In such a situation, India will have to control its population rate and promote the Startup India scheme. Only then can the problem of unemployment in the country be ended.

Lack of technical education | Most colleges and universities in India still provide traditional, outmoded curricula. Students cannot acquire jobs with these courses in today's market. Because today's world is technical, and if the technical world wants to gain a job, then it is vital to have technical education.

So technical education has to be emphasised in India, and all youngsters have to be provided technical education early so they may acquire jobs easily after growing up.

Economic Growth is Slowing

Because the economy is developing slowly, the country's unemployment problem may worsen. As a result, if the government wants to solve the unemployment problem, it must accelerate economic development; only then will new job opportunities become accessible in the country.

Seasonal business of India: - Much of India's business is seasonally dependent, such as farming, which creates employment prospects once a year.

The decline in the industrial sector: - The country's industrial sector is growing at a glacial pace. As a result, career chances in this industry are restricted.

The decline in the cottage industry: - The cottage industry's output has plummeted, and as a result, many artisans have lost their jobs. In such a case, the country's unemployment crisis will worsen when the number of industries is reduced. As a result, the government must encourage the cottage sector to develop more job prospects and potential.

Increasing unemployment breeds poverty: - People who do not have jobs will commit crimes to meet their necessities.

How to Reduce Unemployment

The measures to address the unemployment problem are as follows:

The government should endeavour to regulate the population so that the number of new entrants to labour can be controlled.

India's education system must be modified to solve the unemployment problem. Education should change its focus from theory to practice.

To provide income and job opportunities, agricultural operations should be diversified into fisheries, livestock husbandry, horticulture, etc.

The government should make reasonable efforts to encourage the development of cottage and small industries in rural and urban regions. These industries require more labour per unit of capital.

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Unemployment Essay

500+ words essay on unemployment.

Unemployment is a serious problem among young people. There are thousands of people who do not have any work to do and cannot find work for themselves. Unemployment refers to the situation where a person wants to work but cannot find employment in the labour market. One of the major reasons that contribute to unemployment is the large population of India and the limited availability of resources. In this essay on unemployment, we will discuss all these issues responsible for unemployment in India and how we can overcome this problem. Students must go through this unemployment essay to get ideas on how to write an effective essay on the topic related to unemployment. Also, they can practice more CBSE essays on different topics to boost their writing skills.

Unemployment is measured by the unemployment rate, defined as the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force. The unemployment rate for the year 2013-14 in rural India was 4.7%, whereas it was 5.5% for urban India. In the short term, unemployment significantly reduces a person’s income and, in the long term, it reduces their ability to save for retirement and other goals. Unemployment is a loss of valuable productive resources to the economy. The impact of job loss in rural and regional areas flows through the local community, damaging businesses.

Reason for Unemployment

An unemployed person is one who is an active member of the labour force and is seeking work but is unable to find any work for himself. There are multiple reasons behind the unemployment of a person. One of them is the slow economic growth, due to which jobs in adequate numbers are not created. Excessive dependence on agriculture and slow growth of non-farm activities also limit employment generation. Unemployment in urban areas is mainly the result of substantial rural migration to urban areas. This has also resulted in a labour workforce in cities. The lack of technology and proper machinery has also contributed to unemployment.

The present educational system is based on theoretical knowledge instead of practical work. Thus, it lacks the development of aptitude and technical qualifications required for various types of work among job seekers. This has created a mismatch between the need and availability of relevant skills and training. This results in unemployment, especially among the youth and educated people with high degrees and qualifications. Apart from it, the lack of investment and infrastructure has led to inadequate employment opportunities in different sectors.

Steps to Eliminate Unemployment

Various strategies and proposals have been implemented to generate employment. Many Employment programmes and policies have been introduced and undertaken to boost self-employment and help unemployed people engage in public works. The Government of India has taken several policy measures to fight the problem of unemployment. Some of the measures are the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), National Skill Development Mission, Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana (SJSRY), Regional Rural Banks (RRBs).

Despite the measures taken by the government, India remains a country experiencing severe unemployment problems. It can be resolved by imparting education in such a way that youth get the necessary skills so as to get employment easily. Setting up various vocational training and vocational courses for undergraduate and postgraduate students will help in finding employment for youth. The government needs to emphasise these courses at the primary level and make them a compulsory part of the curriculum to make students proficient in their early stages of life. Career counselling should be provided within schools and colleges so that students can choose a better career option based on their interests and ability. Government should create more job opportunities for the youth and graduates.

India is a fast-growing economy. There is an enormous scope for improvement in the unemployment sector. The various measures and steps taken by the government to increase the employment rate have succeeded to a great extent. The widespread skill development programmes have gained popularity across the nation. With better enforcement of the strategies, the employment level can be significantly improved. Although, we have to go a long way before we can say that all the people in India will get employment.

We hope this essay on unemployment must have helped students in boosting their essay-writing skills. Keep learning and visiting the BYJU’S website for more study material.

Frequently Asked Questions on Unemployment Essay

Is unemployment still an existing problem in india.

Yes, unemployment is still a serious issue in our country. Steps need to be taken by the government and also by the youngsters in India to improve this situation.

Is it necessary for schoolchildren to be informed about unemployment?

Students at this young age should definitely be informed about this topic as it will motivate them to study and aim for higher scores in exams.

What points are to be added to an essay topic on Unemployment?

Add details about different age groups of people suffering from this state of employment. You can focus on the fact that poverty is an indirect reason for unemployment and vice-versa. Then, suggest steps that can be taken to bring about an improvement in education and increase the percentage of literacy.

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Unemployment Essay for Students and Children

500+ words essay on unemployment.

Unemployment is a very serious issue not only in India but in the whole world. There are hundreds and thousands of people out there who do not have employment . Besides, the problems of unemployment are very severe in India because of the growing population and demand for jobs. Moreover, if we neglect this problem then it will be going to become the reason for the doom of the nation.

What is Unemployment?

Unemployment refers to a situation in which a skilled and talented people wanted to do a job. But cannot find a proper job due to several reasons.

Types of Unemployment

Now we know what is unemployment but unemployment does not only mean that the person does not have a job. Likewise, unemployment also includes people working in areas out of their expertise.

The various types of unemployment include disguised unemployment, seasonal unemployment, open unemployment, technological unemployment, structural unemployment. Besides, some other unemployment is cyclic unemployment, educated unemployment, underemployment, frictional unemployment, chronic unemployment, and casual unemployment.

Above all, seasonal unemployment, under unemployment, and disguised unemployment are the most common unemployment that is found in India.

Reasons for Unemployment

In a country like India, there is much reason for a large section of the population for being unemployed. Some of these factors are population growth, slow economic growth , seasonal occupation, slow growth of the economic sector, and fall in the cottage industry.

Moreover, these are the major reason for unemployment in India. Also, the situation has become so drastic that highly educated people are ready to do the job of a sweeper. Besides, the government is not doing his work seriously.

Apart from all these, a large portion of the population is engaged in the agricultural sector and the sector only provides employment in harvest or plantation time.

In addition, the biggest reason of unemployment in India is its vast population which demands a large number of jobs every year which the government and authorities are unable to provide.

Consequences of Unemployment

If things will go on like the current scenario then unemployment will become a major issue. Apart from this, the following things happen in an economy which is an increase in poverty, an increase in crime rate, exploitation of labor, political instability, mental health, and loss of skills. As a result, all this will eventually lead to the demise of the nation.

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Initiative by Government

The government has taken the problem very seriously and have taken measures to slowly reduce unemployment. Some of these schemes includes IRDP (Integrated Rural Development Programme), DPAP (Drought Prone Area Programme), Jawahar Rozgar Yojana, Employment Assurance Scheme, NRY (Nehru Rozgar Yojana), Training for self-Employment, PMIUPEP (Prime Minister’s Integrated Urban Poverty Eradication Program), employment exchange, Employment Guarantee Scheme, development of organized sector, small and cottage industries, employment in forging countries, and Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojana and few more.

Besides, these schemes the government also make some rules flexible, so that employment can be created in the private sector also.

To conclude, we can say that the problem of unemployment in India has reached a critical stage. But, now the government and local authorities have taken the problem seriously and working on it to reduce unemployment. Also, to completely solve the issue of unemployment we have to tackle the main issue of unemployment that is the vast population of India.

FAQs about Unemployment

Q.1 Why there is a problem of unemployment in India? A.1 Due to overpopulation and lack of proper skills there is a problem of unemployment in India.

Q.2 Define Disguised unemployment? A.2 Disguised unemployment refers to a form of employment in which more than the required numbers of people work in industry or factory. And removing some employee will not affect productivity.

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Essay on Unemployment Problem in India

Students are often asked to write an essay on Unemployment Problem in India in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Unemployment Problem in India

Introduction.

Unemployment is a major issue in India. It refers to the state where individuals are eager to work but can’t find jobs.

Causes of Unemployment

The primary cause is the fast-growing population. Other reasons include lack of skills, poor education system, and slow economic growth.

Impacts of Unemployment

Unemployment leads to poverty and can cause mental stress. It also hampers the economic development of the country.

The government should focus on creating more jobs, improving education, and promoting skill development to tackle this problem. Unemployment in India is a serious issue that needs immediate attention.

250 Words Essay on Unemployment Problem in India

The primary cause of unemployment in India is the rapid population growth, which has outpaced economic development. The educational system, with its focus on academic degrees rather than skills, also contributes to the problem. The mismatch between the education provided and the skills demanded by industries leads to a situation called educated unemployment.

Impact on Society and Economy

Unemployment leads to economic stagnation, social unrest, and personal distress. It wastes the human resource potential of the country and hampers economic growth. The unemployed youth, frustrated by their inability to find work, can easily be led astray, leading to an increase in social evils.

Solutions to Unemployment

Addressing unemployment requires a multi-pronged strategy. The government should focus on skill development programs that align with industry needs. Entrepreneurship should be encouraged to create more job opportunities. Additionally, population control measures are essential to balance the labor market.

Unemployment is a complex issue that requires comprehensive and strategic solutions. It’s not just about creating jobs but also about creating a workforce that is skilled and ready for the jobs of the future. By addressing the root causes of unemployment, India can leverage its demographic dividend for economic prosperity.

500 Words Essay on Unemployment Problem in India

Unemployment, a significant socio-economic issue, is a persistent problem in India. Despite the nation’s rapid economic growth, job creation has not kept pace, leading to a high rate of unemployment. This essay explores the dimensions of the unemployment problem, its causes, and potential solutions in the Indian context.

Understanding Unemployment in India

The causes of unemployment in India are multi-faceted. The primary reason is the population explosion. A large population means a higher number of individuals seeking jobs, outstripping the rate at which jobs are created. The education system is another contributing factor. There is a mismatch between the skills imparted by educational institutions and the skills demanded by the job market. Moreover, the lack of technical and vocational education has led to a surplus of unskilled labor.

The agriculture sector, the largest employer in India, suffers from seasonal unemployment due to its dependence on monsoons. Industrial growth, on the other hand, has been sluggish, leading to fewer job opportunities. Additionally, the recent rise in automation and artificial intelligence is feared to lead to job losses.

Unemployment has severe impacts on both individuals and society. It leads to economic hardships and mental stress for the unemployed, often resulting in social evils like crime and substance abuse. At the societal level, it hinders the nation’s economic growth and development and leads to the wastage of human resources.

Addressing unemployment requires a multi-pronged approach. First, the education system needs to be revamped to align with industry needs, focusing on skill development and vocational training. Second, there is a need to boost industrial growth and promote entrepreneurship to create more job opportunities.

The government should also invest in infrastructure development, which can create numerous jobs in the construction sector. In the agricultural sector, modernization and the adoption of technology can help reduce seasonal unemployment. Lastly, population control measures are essential to ensure the problem doesn’t escalate further.

If you’re looking for more, here are essays on other interesting topics:

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Essay on Problem of Unemployment in India | Essay writing in English for Competitive Exams

Essay on problem of unemployment in india.

Unemployment poses a significant challenge to India's development, impacting its political, economic, and social spheres. The National Sample Survey Office's 2017-2018 survey revealed an alarming unemployment rate exceeding 6 percent, the highest in 45 years. With 65 percent of the population under 35 years old, the scarcity of job opportunities is particularly concerning.

Various factors contribute to the unemployment crisis in India. These include overreliance on agriculture, low productivity in the agricultural sector, deficiencies in the education system, insufficient vocational skills, sluggish growth in agriculture and manufacturing, rapid technological advancements coupled with a high population growth rate, and regressive social norms inhibiting women's participation in the workforce. Economic slowdowns exacerbate the situation, leaving many educated individuals jobless.

Unemployment has serious effects like slow economic growth, heightened income inequalities, and increased poverty levels.. It diminishes demand for goods, precipitating economic downturns. Additionally, it fosters reliance on the working-age group, facilitates labor exploitation, and may spur criminal behavior, particularly among youth.

The government has launched several initiatives to address unemployment, including MGNREGA, Start Up India, PM Mudra Yojana and Skill Development programs. However, unemployment persists, necessitating further action. Moving forward, promoting small and medium-scale industries, fostering entrepreneurship, and aligning education with market demands are crucial. Additionally, increased public investments in key sectors and the removal of social barriers for women's employment are essential steps. Effective implementation of government programs is vital for mitigating unemployment and fostering inclusive growth.

In summary, unemployment leads to economic stagnation, inequality, and social unrest. Tackling this issue demands creating jobs, enhancing education and skills training, and fostering inclusive growth. It's crucial for governments and societies to work together to mitigate the adverse effects of unemployment and build a more equitable future.

Cultural India

Unemployment in india: types, causes and solutions to reduce unemployment rate.

If the word demands a definition, “unemployment”, may be elaborated as a state of not finding work by an individual who is fit and willing to work. It is usually measured in percentage; the number of individuals without work out of the total “labour force” of the country or specific social groups. Labour force is the term collectively applied to the total number of individuals within the population who are willing and capable of doing work. Unemployment rate of a country is indicative of its socio-economic health.

Unemployment casts some short term ripples throughout the economy by reducing an individual’s contribution in terms of services and taxes. The unemployed also does not possess the power of purchase, thus in effect contributing to bringing down demand of goods in the market and creating more unemployment. This vicious cycle creates a cascading effect throughout the economy and trickles down to different social strata. India currently (2016) has a population of about 1.3 billion. According to a recent United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) report, during the period of 1991 to 2013, Indian economy has experienced maximum growth and yet less than half number of Indians seeking jobs have managed to land one during this period. State wise figures reveal that Tripura has the highest unemployment rate in the country at 19.7% while Gujarat has the lowest at 0.9% in 2015-2016. On the other hand, unemployment rate is higher among women at 8.7 percent versus 4.3% among men. Women unemployment rate is higher in the rural areas than in urban sectors of the country. Experts fear that at present, India is experiencing a jobless growth with not enough jobs being created for its working age population (15-64 years). There is ample skepticism afloat about the country not being able to cash in on its demographic bonus, predicted to be 869 million by year 2020 – world’s largest.

Types of Unemployment

The most accepted classification of Unemployment recognizes two broad types: Voluntary and Involuntary Unemployment.

Voluntary unemployment arises when an individual is not under any employment out of his own desire not to work. Could be from their total apprehension towards the concept itself, or it may be that an individual is unable to find work paying his desired wages and he doesn’t want to settle.

Involuntary unemployment encompasses all those factors that prevent a physically fit individual willing to work from getting an appointment. According to John Maynard Keynes, “involuntary unemployment arises due to insufficiency of effective demand which can be solved by stepping up aggregate demand through government intervention”. Involuntary Unemployment is further categorized into subheads;

1. Structural: Such employment stems from any structural change in the economy that leads to decline of specific industries. Long term changes in the market conditions, reorganization of the same, and sudden changes in the technological sector, creates a Skill Gap in the existing workers.

2. Regional: Globalization and relocation of jobs also leads to unemployment as workers are often unable to move to the new location where the employers currently hold positions.

3. Seasonal: In some industries production activities are season best and employment occurs only in peak seasons. Agro-based industries and tourism industries are examples of this form of unemployment.

4. Technological: This type of unemployment is either generated following the introduction of technologically advanced mechanization that renders manual labour redundant, or through inclusion of technology that the current labour force is ill-adapted to.

5. Frictional: This type of unemployment happens when the labour is either transitioning between jobs or is trying to find a job more suited to their skill set. Friction is generally referred to the time, energy and cost that a person invests while searching for a new job.

6. Educated: This form of unemployment happens when people with advanced degrees are unable to procure an engagement that is suited to their level of training.

7. Casual: Some occupations can only offer temporary employment to individuals and their engagements are subject to termination as soon as the demand subsides. Daily labourers who work on a day-to-day basis are example of such types of unemployment.

8. Cyclical: This type of unemployment refers to the periodic cycle of unemployment associated with cyclical trends of growth in business. Unemployment is low when business cycles are at their peak and high when the gross economic output is low. Several external factors like wars, strikes and political disturbances, natural calamities that affect business cycle are also contributors to cyclical unemployment.

9. Disguised: This is a scenario when more people are employed in a job than is actually required for it. This is hallmark of developing economies where availability of labour is abundant. It is primarily a feature of the agricultural and unorganized sectors.

Causes of Unemployment

Unemployment is a reason for alarming concern in India today. The root of the problem can be traced to a host of reasons that contributes collectively towards this problem.

1. Economic Growth without adequate employment opportunities: India’s GDP projections for year 2017 is 7.5% but that growth does not currently translates into creating more employment opportunities for the labour force of the country. In a survey conducted among a sample of 1072 companies across the nation and across various sectors, during the financial year of 2014-2015 only 12,760 jobs were created compared to 188,371 jobs in the year 2013-2014. In the year 2016, India’s rural unemployment rate stands at 7.15% whereas unemployment rate in urban areas stand at 9.62%.

2. Education : Although literacy rates have risen in the last few decades, there still remains a fundamental flaw in the education system in India. The curriculum is mostly theory-oriented and fails to provide vocational training required to match up with current economic environment. The degree-oriented system renders itself redundant when it comes to producing human resources adept at fitting into specific profiles within the economy.

3. Population growth: Rapid growth of population has often been labeled as the major reason for increasing unemployment in the country. In the last ten years (2006-2016), India’s population has increased by 136.28 million and unemployment is at a 5 year high in the financial year of 2015-2016. Current survey data revealed that at the all-India level, 77% of families do not have a regular salaried person.

4. Faulty Employment planning: The five-year plans implemented by the government have not contributed proportionately towards generation of employment. The assumption was that growth in economy will automatically generate enough employment. But in reality the scenario doesn’t quite match up to the assumption and there have remained gaps between the required number of jobs and the actual numbers generated.

5. Drawback of Agriculture Infrastructure: According current statistics, agriculture remains the biggest employer in the country contributing to 51% employment. But ironically the sector contributes a meager 12-13% to the country’s GDP. The problem of disguised unemployment has turned out the biggest contributor behind this deficit. Also the seasonal nature of employment in this sector builds up recurring cycles of unemployment for the rural population. Lack of proper irrigation infrastructures and outdated cultivation methods still used renders most of the agriculture land in India usable for cultivating just one crop a year. This is another contributing factor towards seasonal nature of unemployment in the sector.

6. Alternative opportunities: There has been a definite push towards providing the people employment by the agriculture-based industries with alternate methods of employment during the lull seasons. Skill-based trainings for their employment in other sectors are lacking till date.

7. Slow Industrialization: The industrial scenario in India is still slow to flourish. Agriculture still remains as the biggest employer in the country. People are not yet keen towards self-employment, especially in the rural sector, depending on existing employment opportunities.

8. Neglect of cottage industries: For landless people in rural areas of India, one of the major means of livelihood is the cottage industries like fabric and handicrafts. But these small-scale industries are adversely affected by larger more mechanized industries which out-competes them in productivity. As a consequence, it is becoming more and more difficult to sustain the cottage industries inciting loss of employment for many.

9. Lack of Investment: Inadequacy of capital investment persists heavily in India and that has been a key contributor in not generating enough industry that in turn provides employment to the labour force.

10. Immobility of Labour: One more factor that leads to unemployment is people not being interested to move for jobs. Responsibility and attachment to family, language barrier, religion and lack of transport are key contributing factors in this regard.

Solutions to Reduce Unemployment Rate

Collective efforts directed by the Government as well as citizens towards the following points might help alleviate the problem of unemployment in the country.

1. Increased Industrialization: One of the most sure-shot remedies of the unemployment situation in India is rapid industrialization. Increased number of industries translates effectively into increased number of employment opportunities. Due to the emphasis put on agriculture in our economy, industrialization still takes a backseat, with farmers not ready to give up land for establishing industries. They need to be encouraged with better incentives and guaranteed jobs for a member of the family in the newly established industry.

2. Emphasis on Vocational and Technical Training: The curriculum pursued in universities should be altered to focus more on practical aspects of learning. More institutions need to be established that offer vocational courses that will translate directly into relevant jobs.

3. Encouraging Self-employment: Self-employment should be encouraged more with introduction of liability free loans and government assistance for funding. Incubation centers need to be promoted to cultivate original business ideas that will be financially viable.

4. Improved Infrastructure in Agriculture: Time has come for the entire agricultural infrastructure in the country to undergo a serious overhaul. Better irrigation facilities, better farming equipment, dissemination of knowledge regarding multiple crop rotation and crop management should be focused on. This will lead to year round increased production of crops, generating employment throughout the year.

5. Inviting Larger Capital Investments: Although India’s economic market is seeing increased investments from overseas investors owing to its cheap labour costs; a lot more is still need to bridge the gap of unemployment. Government as well as leading business houses of the country should seek to invite more foreign collaboration and capital investment in every sector.

6. Focused Policy Implementation: Subsequent policies have focused on the issues like poverty and unemployment, but the implementation leaves a lot to be desired. Schemes like Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) and Rajiv Gandhi Swavlamban Rozgar Yojna are examples of the initiatives that the government has undertaken to address the unemployment problem. The recent Make in India initiative is another such step that has heart in the right place. The government should seek to streamline its implementation strategies so that the benefit from such schemes may be maximized.

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Essay on Unemployment in India: Look at the Most Essential Topic of India for UPSC

Unemployment in India is proving to be the worst state for the country. It is defined under many classifications but the impact of it is that it is leading the country towards lower GDP and low living standards. Unemployment is the state of actively seeking work but not finding any paid function. Rich people in India continue to grow towards richness and the poor turn out to be poorer. All these miserable situations must be placed in your mind along with the facts and statistics. This state is making the country regressive for the people who do not have money. Are you an aspirant searching for significant topics for the UPSC exam? If you are looking for an upsc essay, you have come to the right place because here is the essay on unemployment in India. Go through this article precisely and grab all the points.

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Essay on Unemployment in India

Unemployment is defined as the health of the economy of a country. It is a scenario when someone actively searches for work but does not get any paid job . The rate of unemployment in a country is measured by a certain formulation. The formula is: Unemployment rate = (Unemployed Workers / Total labour force) × 100. A national sample survey organization has been set up for calculating such situations in a country. This organization comes under MoSPI. MoSPI is abbreviated as Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation. It calculates the unemployment rate in India under three major approaches. These approaches are written below.

#1. Daily Status Approach

The unemployment rate of the citizens of a country is determined by this process. The unemployment status of a person is measured for each day but in a reference of a week. This is done by noticing that if any person is having no gainful work even for one hour in a day, then the person will be described as unemployed for that day.

#2. Weekly Status Approach

This approach is used effectively for measuring the unemployment rate of a nation. This approach works for highlighting the record of few people who did not have gainful or paid work even for an hour of a day. This is also valid for the unemployed people for an hour on any day of the week. This proceeds the date of the survey. A single day in the entire week is determined by this approach.

#3. Usual Status Approach

This is the most common form of reporting the number of unemployed people in a country. The approach tests the estimates of those individuals who had no gainful work or were unemployed for a major time during the whole year i.e. 365 days. It is calculated for the whole year.

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Causes of Unemployment

Many causes are leading to the increment in the unemployment rates in India. The causes include the given points.

#1. Overpopulation is the most important cause of unemployment.

#2. Lack of education is also contributing largely to the unemployment rates. The status of ineffective educational structures,  no or low educational levels along with lesser vocational skills of the working population is a major cause.

#3. Bad quality infrastructure and inadequate growth of industries are a  cause along with very few investment rates in the sectors of manufacturing.

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Have a Look at Other Major Causes!

#1. Lower concentration towards the agriculture sector causing greater unemployment and low investment in modern agricultural technologies.

#2. The other cause is the division of the larger workforce. The workforce is working for informal functioning due to lack of education and henceforth employment measurements are less. For example, construction workers, domestic helpers, etc.

#3. The most influential cause is the regressive state of women in the country. The subservient and orthodox social norms are deteriorating women from continuing employment.

Unemployment in India Essay

The facts say that India’s unemployment rate in February 2021 was 6.9 percent. It is still very down but has turned out to be better than before considering its downfall from 7.8 percent in February 2020 . It indicates that the country is returning to the pre COVID levels in terms of unemployment. The experts from the economic department say that the labour workforce was depressed even before the outbreak of the pandemic and the situation during COVID has made it worse. The Center for Monitoring Indian Economy has claimed that participation from the labour force and employment rates have remained low. This is the data that is indicating labour fallout from labour markets due to lack of jobs.

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People Losing Jobs!

The unemployment rate in India is touching heights because of people losing jobs. The people who had jobs are losing them due to lesser market evolution and functioning. In the metropolitan areas, people are degrading financially and losing jobs. CMIE recently claimed that the unemployment rate is dramatically rising. The post-lockdown era is marked by a noticeable drop of 2.5 percent in employment along with a drop of 6.2 percent in the count of unemployment

There has been a reduction of 2.8 percent in the labour force as well.

Types of Unemployment in India

There are different kinds of unemployment traced in India. Disguised unemployment refers to the state when more than the expected number of people are unemployed which is majorly seen in unorganized sectors and agriculture. Seasonal unemployment is a state of a person being seasonally unemployed. Structural unemployment is a factor that arises due to a lack of requisite skills for a certain organization. It is a mismatch between the individual and industry. Cyclical unemployment is something that arises due to recessions or declines in the economic conditions of the country. Vulnerable unemployment is a state where people are working without a definite income and job contact. Technological unemployment is something that occurs due to a lack of technology. It was stated by the World Bank in 2016 that 69% of jobs are threatened under this case.

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Impact of Unemployment

The impact of unemployment is detrimental to the people. It leads to the generation and growth of poverty. It also increases the crime rates of the nation because the young mind finds some illegal and unlawful things to do when they do not get a potential job. The people become enticed by antisocial elements and start losing faith in the democracy of India. Unemployed people who indulge in drugs and commit suicides that are a loss of resources to the nation. It is a way of decreasing and degrading the economy of the country and pushing it towards devastation.

You must keenly know this UPSC essay to upgrade your learning capabilities regarding the current issues of society.

Initiatives by the Government of India

There are many initiatives taken by the government of India for the betterment of people and giving them employment. The initiative for the rural people was taken in 1980 as Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP). In 1979, one scheme was launched that was primarily concerned with self-employment and SC/ST people. It was named Training of Rural Youth for Self-Employment (TRYSEM). It gave employment to youth ranging from the age of 18 to 35. RSETI/RUDSETI was launched by the government to minimize the issues of unemployment. The other schemes include PMKVY, Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana which was launched in 2015 to enable the youth towards learning industry skills and getting a potential job.

Schemes Launched by the Government

The most known scheme is MNREGA which stands for Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act. It came in 2005 for giving the right to work to all the citizens. The main aim of this scheme was to provide social security to the people for 100 days of paid work. It gave employment to many people across the nation. Start-Up India scheme and Stand Up India scheme came out in 2016 to uplift the people by developing an entrepreneurship environment for them and giving loan benefits to the SC/ST people and women respectively. The government has been making tremendous efforts to give employment to the youth and to turn the country into a larger economy and development.

Also Read: Addu Atoll UPSC Topic: Why is Addu Atoll Trending All Over India?

We hope that we have covered the essential points in this article. You must be aware of the problems faced by the country and should work appropriately to modify or upgrade the conditions. You must not read the articles for learning but you must enlighten your soul about the situations popping up before the citizens of the country.

If you are finding it difficult to crack the CSE or prepare for it excellently, you must visit UPSC Pathshala . You will get the best guidance over every hindrance and solutions to all your questions. You just have to click on your device and get connected to the most experienced faculties and experts through the websites. You will become confident and intelligent enough to achieve your goals.

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Unemployment is the traditional and major cause of India which hinders it’s development. I was looking for an article which has the overall outlook to the unemployment in India so that I could get the precise information. This article has helped me in getting it. Do you guys have same opinion?

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Shilpa is a professional web content writer and is in deep love with travelling. She completed her mass communication degree and is now dedicatedly playing with words to guide her readers to get the best for themselves. Developing educational content for UPSC, IELTS aspirants from breakthrough research work is her forte. Strongly driven by her zodiac sign Sagittarius, Shilpa loves to live her life on her own notes and completely agrees with the idea of ‘live and let live. Apart from writing and travelling, most of the time she can be seen in the avatar of 'hooman' mom to her pets and street dogs or else you can also catch her wearing the toque blanche and creating magic in the kitchen on weekends.

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Unemployment In India Essay | Essay on Unemployment In India for Students and Children in English

February 14, 2024 by Prasanna

Unemployment In India Essay:  Creating new jobs is a crucial task and plays an important role in the economy. The economic crises has become a social crises for most countries leading to a high unemployment rate. Unemployment is a state when people have the potential and ability to work and earn but finds no remunerative work. It can also be stated as “condition of involuntary idleness.”

You can read more  Essay Writing  about articles, events, people, sports, technology many more.

Long and Short Essays on Unemployment In India for Kids and Students in English

Given below are two essays in English for students and children about the topic of ‘Unemployment In India’ in both long and short form. The first essay is a long essay on Unemployment In India of 400-500 words. This long essay about Unemployment In India is suitable for students of class 7, 8, 9 and 10, and also for competitive exam aspirants. The second essay is a short essay on Unemployment In India of 150-200 words. These are suitable for students and children in class 6 and below.

Long Essay on Unemployment In India 500 Words in English

Below we have given a long essay on Unemployment In India of 500 words is helpful for classes 7, 8, 9 and 10 and Competitive Exam Aspirants. This long essay on the topic is suitable for students of class 7 to class 10, and also for competitive exam aspirants.

The recent trillion dollar meltdown of US, the Eurozone crises have changed the economic landscape of the world. Many developed countries that were doing well, suddenly are grappling with pilling debt, a banking crises and a slowdown. So, unemployment which is bothering India, is infact a global issue effecting lots of countries together.

Unemployment records in India are kept by the Ministry of Labour and Employment of India. From 1983 till 2011, unemployment rate in India averaged 7.6% reaching all time high in December 2010 and a record low of 3.8% in December 2011. A large pool of youth in the age group of 18-25 years, despite being skilled, are facing unemployment since there are not enough opportunities for them. Interestingly, the gap between rural and urban employment rate is also not very wide. But since India has the largest population of youth in the world, the impact of declining financial market is worst in India.

Unemployment may be classified as rural, urban, seasonal, cyclical or technological. Seasonal unemployment is found mostly in the agricultural sector and manufacturing units like sugar or ice factories. Cyclical unemployment is caused due to the ups and downs in trade. When the entrepreneurs compensate their loss by cutting down on their number of workers, it is termed as cyclical unemployment.

As the term itself suggests, technological unemployment occurs when introduction of technology displaces manpower. Factors like lack of capital, lack of investment, low production, decline in business cycle, dislocation of industries, deflation, use of technology etc., are the basic causes of unemployment. Besides these economic causes, unemployment can be caused due to various social factors too, like geographical immobility, rapid growth of population, defective system of education, lack of experience, lack of vocational training, illness or disability. Another very important social factor is the demand for certain white collar jobs and the attitude of the society to look down upon certain jobs such as teaching or salesmanship, which also causes unemployment. The desire for social acceptance through made-up social status too causes unemployment.

Unemployment, thus causes disillusionment, frustration and dissatisfaction. This gives rise to cynicism and dissipates the energy of the youth in destructive directions. Thus, they resort to crime, violence, anti-social activities or even worse they try to take a short cut to achieve the much sought after social status. This explains the number of bank robberies, online money/financial frauds etc. Even suicidal tendencies are on a rise due to social humiliation and deprivation.

These crises have taken its toll so much that various movies on this subject have also been produced. Movies like ‘Wolf of Wall Street’, ‘Badmaash Company’ and ‘Desi Boyz’ are examples of such movies depicting how market slowdown has taken people to wrong places, even to committing crimes. Though education level in recent years has increased but skill development is still a crucial issue. Moreover, poverty, limited access to skill based education, work experience are some of the major factors that lead to unemployment and under-employment. Current Prime Minister Narendra Modi too has emphasised on skill development of youth so that they would be able to fulfil the mission of nation building.

Government should set-up their efforts to support skill and retraining activities to address the gaps between demand and supply of work skills and qualifications. The country needs to take a serious look at its present scenario and think of some serious remedial measures to face the mammoth problem of unemployment.

Short Essay on Unemployment In India 200 Words in English

Below we have given a short essay on Unemployment In India is for Classes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. This short essay on the topic is suitable for students of class 6 and below.

The society has to change its outlook on white collar and blue collar jobs, along with a change in education system and needs to create more opportunities of self-employment. Stress on vocational training is needed urgently. Then only we can overcome the growing problem of unemployment in the country.

The Government of India has taken several steps to decrease the unemployment rate like launching Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme which guarantees a 100 day employment to an unemployed person in a year. The scheme of unemployment allowance was launched by Samajwadi Party wherein Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Akhilesh Yadav distributed allowance of ₹ 1000 per month to the unemployed youths in the age group of 25-40.

Drought Prone Area Programme proved fruitful particularly in removing seasonal unemployment in about 13 states. Self-employment training was also given to young men along with which financial assistance from the bank was also extended. Government also helps people to get employment abroad. With the recent development, wherein Prime Minister Narendra Modi is calling foreign investors to set up industries in India, soon the problem of unemployment would be seen as a thing of the past.

Unemployment In India Essay Word Meanings for Simple Understanding

• Remunerative – financially rewarding, earning a salary
• Involuntary – unintentional, done without will
• Grappling – engage in a close fight, struggle without weapons
• Entrepreneurs – a person who organises and manages any enterprise, an employer
• Compensate – balance, reduce or correct by exerting an effect
• Disillusionment – lack of expectation, disappointment
• Cynicism – an inclination to believe that people are motivated purely by self-interest, doubt,
• Dissipates – waste, drive away, scatter
• Depravation – to make morally bad or evil, corrupt
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Essay on Unemployment for Students in English | 500 Words Essay

December 20, 2020 by Sandeep

Essay on Unemployment: It is a serious social issue in India and a big global concern too. There are thousands of people who are not employed owing to the rising population and a steady decline in jobs, leading to unemployment. Automation of jobs, illiteracy, stiff competition, unavailability of resources, unqualified, political factors, etc. has given way to unemployment. Unemployment causes financial distress in families, hampers mental health and causes depression, anxiety, stress and other physical ailments.

Essay on Unemployment 500 Words in English

Below we have provided Unemployment Essay in English, suitable for class 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 school students.

There is saying that “Give a man a fish, and he will be hungry again tomorrow; teach him to catch a fish, and he will be richer for all his life.” The importance of jobs in life is very significant to afford a good quality of life. Due to the increasing population and high competition, people are not able to grab jobs. This has led to recession and burden on the economy.

What is Unemployment: It is defined as a situation in which a person who is willing to do a job fails to find a job that earns him/her a living. It does not include people who are not looking for jobs.

Types of Unemployment

The unemployment rates are increasing, showing the slowdown in the economy. Unemployment can be classified mainly in two categories one in urban areas and others in rural areas. The major part of India’s population lives in rural areas.  There are different types of unemployment – open, disguised, and seasonal. In Urban areas, the infrastructure is well developed, and there are a lot of advancements in technology. The main types of unemployment here are Industrial, educated, and technological development.

• Open – It is a case in which there is no work to do. People are willing to work, but there is no work available.
• Disguised – It is a situation in which some individuals are noticeably employed but are literally unemployed. It is in the agricultural sector where there are way more people working than required.
• Seasonal – It means the needs of the workers are only in particular seasons. It points to a time period where there is less requirement than normal season.
• Industrial – The illiterate people who can work in manufacturing industries are eager to do work but not getting any work in urban areas. It is called Industrial unemployment
• Educated – When the person is educated but not able to find a job according to his academic qualifications. Then, it is called educated unemployment.
• Technological – Technological unemployment happens because of the advancement in technology. It has a significant impact on the organization, as productivity increases and efficiency enhances.

The most common types of unemployment in India is seasonal and disguised unemployment.

Reasons for Unemployment

• There are multiple reasons causing a great jump in the rate of unemployment. The biggest reason is the increasing rate of population. There is consistent growth in the population of India. The greater the population, the more the demands of the job seekers, but the advancement in technology causes a decrease in the labour force required.
• Another reason is the lack of education and skills among the youth. Job seekers are more, and well-skilled people are very less for the country. It is also called structural unemployment, where the skills needed for the job do not match the skills of the worker.
• The advancement in technology in this modern era is also taking away the jobs that can be handled by machines and systems. It has replaced unskilled labour, and the results are more effective and accurate. The production is faster, and the cost is minimised.
• Lack of capital threatens companies to pay for its operations. It makes it difficult to prepare for emergencies and sometimes difficult to pay its employees.

Consequences of Unemployment

There are severe consequences of unemployment, causing the economy to suffer. Mainly the people who are affected by it have to go through it. It causes an increase in suicide cases, stress levels boost up, crime rates surge, etc.  Unemployed people get demotivated and degrade their skills, which is bad for the economy. There are big impacts which include the loss of productive labour force in the country, which can help in growing GDP. It deteriorates the growth of businesses as well.

As many unemployed people cannot afford basic commodities, it causes fewer sales in businesses.  Social causes of long term employment are very substantial. It affects the health of individuals and their families. There is less consumption of nutritious diet, including fruits and vegetables. It can stop their physical and mental development. Again, not creating a valuable asset for the economy in the long run.

Initiative by Government

The government has taken several steps to solve this significant issue. Some initiatives were launched to curb this problem of unemployment. These initiatives include IRDP (Integrated Rural Development Programme), training for self-employment, NRY (Nehru Rozgar Yojana), Drought Prone area program, PMGSY (Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana), Employment Guarantee Scheme and more.

The Employment Guarantee Scheme ensures a minimum of 100 working days with wages to do unskilled work. Training for self-employment aims at reducing employment among the youth. Moreover, the government is spending on irrigation, farms, and roads, etc. The government can take some more steps to reduce unemployment like population control, more Small- medium enterprises, good education system and improvement in agriculture.