case study class 10 science chapter light

Case Study Questions Class 10 Science Light Reflection and Refraction

Case study questions class 10 science chapter 10 light reflection and refraction, case study:1.

If less is the refractive index then less will be the bending or medium is rarer and velocity of light will be more in that medium. Like the refractive index of air is found to be 1.0003 and that of water is found to be 1.33. And hence water is more denser than air, air is rarer medium as compared to water. Thus, velocity of light in air medium is greater than velocity of light in water medium.

Absolute Refractive index= (speed of light in air)/(speed of light in medium) = c/v

2) How you can define rarer and denser medium on the basis of optical density?

Case study: 2

1/v + 1/u = 1/f

Similarly in case of lenses, lens formula is given by

1/v – 1/u = 1/f

Thus, P = 1/f

2) What is the sign of power of convex and concave lens?

P= P1 + P2 + P3 + P4

4) If the magnification produced is negative then the image formed is real. And if the magnification produced is positive then the image formed is virtual.

Case study:3

3) Concave mirror is called as converging mirror while convex mirror is called as diverging mirror.

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• Light – Reflection and Refraction Class 10 Case Study Questions Science Chapter 10

Last Updated on August 26, 2024 by XAM CONTENT

Hello students, we are providing case study questions for class 10 science. Case study questions are the new question format that is introduced in CBSE board. The resources for case study questions are very less. So, to help students we have created chapterwise case study questions for class 10 science. In this article, you will find case study questions for cbse class 10 science chapter 10 Light – Reflection and Refraction.

Table of Contents

Case Study Questions on Light – Reflection and Refraction

Question 1:

Read the following and answer the questions given below:

The curved surface of a spoon can be considered as a spherical mirror. A highly smooth polished surface is called mirror. The mirror whose reflecting surface is curved inwards or outwards is called a spherical mirror. Inner part works as a concave mirror and the outer bulging part acts as a convex mirror. The center of the reflecting surface of a spherical mirror is called pole and the radius of the sphere of which the mirror is formed is called radius of curvature.

(i) When a concave mirror is held towards the sun and its sharp image is formed on a piece of carbon paper for some time, a hole is burnt in the carbon paper. What is the name given to the distance between the mirror and carbon paper? (a) Radius of curvature (b) Focal length (c) Principal focus (d) Principal axis

Difficulty Level: Medium

Ans. Option (b) is correct. Explanation: The focal length of a concave mirror is the distance between its pole and principal focus.

(ii) The distance between pole and focal point of a spherical mirror is equal to the distance between (a) pole and center of curvature (b) focus point and center of curvature (c) pole and object (d) object and image.

Ans. Option (b) is correct. Explanation: As f=R/2, the distance between pole and focal point of a spherical mirror is equal to the distance between focus point and center of curvature.

(iii) The focal length of a mirror is 15 cm. The radius of curvature is (a) 15 cm (b) 30 cm (c) 45 cm (d) 60 cm

Difficulty Level: Easy

Ans. Option (b) is correct. Explanation: As f=R/2, R=2f = 30 cm

(iv) The normal at any point on the mirror passes through (a) focus (b) pole (c) center of curvature (d) any point

Ans. Option (c) is correct. Explanation: In a spherical mirror, normal drawn at any point passes through the centre of curvature.

(v) In a convex spherical mirror, reflection of light takes place at (a) a flat surface (b) a bent-in surface (c) a bulging-out surface (d) an uneven surface

Ans. Option (c) is correct. Explanation: In a convex spherical mirror, reflection of light takes place at a bulging-out surface.

Question 2:

A lens is a piece of any transparent material bounded by two curved surfaces. There are two types of lenses convex lens and concave lens.

Convex lens is made up of a transparent medium bounded by two spherical surfaces such that thicker at the middle and thinner at the edges. Concave lens is also made up of a transparent medium such that thicker at the edge and thinner at the middle. The mid-point of the lens is called optical centre.

A point on the principal axis, where the incident parallel rays meet or appears to come out after refraction is called focus.

A convex lens converges a parallel beam of light to other side whereas concave lens spreads out.

(i) Which of the following lenses would you prefer to use while reading small letters found in dictionary? (a) A convex lens of focal length 50 cm (b) A concave lens of focal length 50 cm (c) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm (d) A concave lens of focal length 5 cm

Ans. Option (c) is correct. Explanation: Convex lens is used as magnifying glass. For better performance its focal length should be small.

(ii) Which type of lenes are shown in given figure (a) and (b).

(a) Plano concave, concavo convex (b) Plano convex, convexo concave (c) Double concave, concave convex (d) Convexo concave, double convex

Ans. Option (a) is correct. Explanation: Plano convex, convexo concave

(iii) A small bulb is placed at the focal point of a converging lens. When the bulb is switched on, the lens produces (a) a convergent beam of light (b) a divergent beam of light (c) a parallel beam of light (d) a patch of coloured light.

Ans. Option (c) is correct.

(iv) The part of lens through which the refraction takes place is called (a) aperture (b) centre of curvature (c) principal axis (d) focus

Ans. Option (a) is correct. Explanation: Aperture is the area of the lens available for refraction.

(v) A water drop acts as a (a) convex lens (b) concave lens (c) double concave lens (d) none of these

Ans. Option (a) is correct. Explanation: Water droplets behave like a convex lens only as refraction takes place on outer surface.

• Electricity Class 10 Case Study Questions Science Chapter 12
• The Human Eye and the Colourful World Class 10 Case Study Questions Science Chapter 11
• Metals and Non-metals Class 10 Case Study Questions Science Chapter 3
• Life Processes Class 10 Case Study Questions Science Chapter 6

Acids Bases and Salts Class 10 Case Study Questions Science Chapter 2

Chemical reactions and equations class 10 case study questions science chapter 1, topics from which case study questions may be asked.

• Reflection of Light
• Laws of Reflection
• Real and Virtual Image
• Mirror Formula
• Lens Formula
• Convex and Concave Lens
• Magnification
• Refraction of Light
• Laws of Refraction
• Refractive Index
• Power of lens

This chapter deals with the basic understanding of light. In this chapter we study about reflection and refraction of light phenomenon.

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) on Light – Reflection and Refraction Case Study Questions

Q1: what are case study questions for cbse examinations.

A1: Case study questions in CBSE examinations typically involve scenarios or real-life examples, requiring students to apply their understanding of concepts to solve problems or analyze situations.

Q2: Why are case study questions important for understanding class 10 science chapters?

A2: Case study questions provide a practical context for students to apply theoretical knowledge to real-world situations, fostering deeper understanding and critical thinking skills.

Q3: How should students approach answering case study questions for CBSE?

A3: Students should carefully read the case study, identify the key issues or problems presented, analyze the information provided, apply relevant concepts and principles of chemical reactions and equations, and formulate well-supported solutions or responses.

Q4: Are there any resources available online for students to practice case study questions on class 10 science chapters for CBSE exams?

A4: Yes, several educational websites offer case study questions for CBSE students preparing for science examinations. We also offer a collection of case study questions for all classes and subject on our website. Visit our  website  to access these questions and enhance your learning experience. If you need more case study questions for your preparation, then you visit Physics Gurukul website.

Q5: How can students effectively prepare for case study questions on Light – Reflection and Refraction for CBSE exams?

A5: Effective preparation strategies include regular revision of concepts, solving practice questions, analyzing case studies from previous exams, seeking clarification on doubts, and consulting with teachers or peers for guidance and support.

Q6: How can teachers incorporate case study questions on Light – Reflection and Refraction class 10 science into classroom teaching?

A6: Teachers can integrate case studies into lesson plans, group discussions, or interactive activities to engage students in active learning, promote problem-solving skills, and facilitate a deeper understanding of Light – Reflection and Refraction.

Q7: Is light a form of energy?

Ans. Yes, light is a form of energy.

Q8: Do the laws of reflection hold good for spherical mirrors?

A8: Yes, laws of reflection hold good for spherical mirrors.

Q9: What do you understand by reflection of light?

A9: The phenomenon of bouncing back of light to the first medium from the surface of separation of two media is called reflection of light.

Q10: Is linear magnification always positive?

A10: No, it can be negative also. If the magnification has a plus sign, then the image is virtual and erect.

Q11: For driving a car, what type of mirror would you prefer to see the traffic at your back?

A11: We prefer convex mirror for observing the traffic behind us because its field of view is much larger than the plane mirror. However, it gives erroneous idea about the speed of the vehicles behind us.

Q12: One reads a newspaper due to the light reflected from it. Why then we do not see even faint image of ourselves in the newspaper?

A12: The newspaper causes scattering of light, which is an irregular and diffused sort of reflection. From each point, light goes in all directions. The image is seen only when there is regular refection of light. It is the homogeneous nature of the surface which causes irregular reflection or scattering of light.

Q13: Which part of the eye is reused when one donates the eye?

A13: The cornea of the donor is removed after the death of the person and transplanted in a blind person whose original cornea is opaque. Thus, the blind person gets sight.

Q14: What is meant by refraction of light?

A14: The bending of a ray of light as it passes from one medium to another is called refraction.

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Case Study Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

Please refer to Chapter 1 Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Questions with answers provided below. We have provided Case Study Questions for Class 10 Science for all chapters as per CBSE, NCERT and KVS examination guidelines. These case based questions are expected to come in your exams this year. Please practise these case study based Class 10 Science Questions and answers to get more marks in examinations.

Case Study Questions Chapter 1 Light Reflection and Refraction

Case/Passage – 1 A 5.0 cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex lens of focal length 20 cm. The distance of the object from the lens is 30 cm.

Question: What is the power of the used lens? (a) + 5 D (b) – 5 D (c) + 0.5 D (d) – 0.5 D   

Question: What is the distance of image from the pole of lens? (a) v = 60 cm (b) v = – 60 cm (c) v = 30 cm (d) v = –30 cm 

Case/Passage – 2

Light travels through a vacuum at a speed c = 3 × 108 m/s. It can also travel through many materials, such as air, water and glass. Atoms in the material absorb, reemit and scatter the  light, however. Therefore, light travels through the material at a speed that is less than c, the actual speed depending on the nature of the material. To describe the extent to which  the speed of light in a material medium differs from that in a vacuum, we use a parameter called the index of refraction (or refractive index).

Question: Figure shows a ray of light as it travels from medium A to 

medium B. Retractive index of the medium B relative to medium A is (a) √3/2 (b)√2/3 (c)√1/2 (d) √2

Question:The path of a ray of light coming from air passing through a rectangular glass slab traced by four students shown as A, B, C and D in the figure. Which one of them is correct?

(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D   

Question: A light ray enters from medium A to medium B as shown  

in the figure. The refractive index of medium B relative to A will be  (a) greater than unity (b) less than unity (c) equal to unity (d) zero

Question: You are given water, mustard oil, glycerine and kerosene.  In which of these media, a ray of light incident obliquely at same angle would bend the most? (a) Kerosene (b) Water (c) Mustard oil (d) Glycerine   

Question: A ray of light is incident in medium 1 on a surface that separates medium 1 from medium 2. Let v1 and v2 represent the velocity of light in medium 1 and medium 2 respectively. Also let n12 and n21 represent the refractive index of medium 1 with respect to medium 2 and refractive index of medium 2 with respect to medium 1, respectively. If i and r denote the angle of incidence and angle of refraction, then- (a) sin i/sin r = n 21 V 1 /V 2 (b) sin i/sin r = n 21 V 2 /V 1 (c) sin i/sin r = n 12 V 1 /V 2 (d) sin i/sin r = n 12  V 2 /V 1   

Case/Passage – 3 Inside a substance such as glass or water, light travels more slowly than it does in a vacuum. If c denotes the speed of light in a vacuum and v denotes its speed through some other substance, then v = c/n where n is a constant called the index of refraction. To good approximation, a substance’s index of refraction does not depend on the wavelength of light. For instance, when red and blue light waves enter water, they both slow down by about the same amount. More precise measurements, however, reveal that n varies with wavelength. Table presents some indices of refraction of Custon glass, for different wavelengths of visible light. A nanometer (nm) is 10– 9  meters. In a vacuum, light travels as c = 3.0 × 10 8  m/s 

Question: Inside Custon glass (a) Orange light travels faster than yellow light (b) Yellow light travels faster than orange light (c) Orange and Yellow light travels equally fast (d) We cannot determine which color of light travels faster 

Question: Which of the following phenomena happens because n varies with wavelength (a) A lens focuses light (b) A prism breaks sunlight into different colors (c) Total internal reflections ensures that light travels down a fiber optic cable (d) Light rays entering a pond change direction at the pond’s surface 

Question: For blue-green of wavelength 520 nm, the index of refraction of Custon glass is probably closest to (a) 1.49 (b) 1.50 (c) 1.51 (d) 1.52 

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CBSE 10th Standard Science Subject Light Reflection and Refraction Chapter Case Study Questions With Solution 2021

By QB365 on 21 May, 2021

QB365 Provides the updated CASE Study Questions for Class 10 , and also provide the detail solution for each and every case study questions . Case study questions are latest updated question pattern from NCERT, QB365 will helps to get  more marks in Exams 

QB365 - Question Bank Software

Cbse 10th standard science subject light reflection and refraction case study questions with solution 2021.

10th Standard CBSE

Final Semester - June 2015

The curved surface of a spoon can be considered as a spherical mirror. A highly smooth polished surface is called mirror. The mirror whose reflecting surface is curved inwards or outwards is called a spherical mirror. Inner part works as a concave mirror and the outer bulging part acts as a convex mirror. The center of the reflecting surface of a mirror is called pole and the radius of the sphere of which the mirror is formed is called radius of curvature. (i) When a concave mirror is held towards the sun and its sharp image is formed on a piece of carbon paper for some time, a hole is burnt in the carbon paper. What is the name given to the distance between the mirror and carbon paper?

(ii) The distance between pole and focal point of a spherical mirror is equal to the distance between

(iii) The focal length of a mirror is 15 cm. The radius of curvature is

(iv) The normal at any point on the mirror passes through

(v) In a convex spherical mirror, reflection of light takes place at

The spherical mirror forms different types of images when the object is placed at different locations. When the image is formed on screen, the image is real and when the image does not form on screen, the image is virtual. When the two reflected rays meet actually, the image is real and when they appear to meet, the image is virtual. A concave mirror always forms a real and inverted image for different positions of the object. But if the object is placed between the focus and pole, the image formed is virtual and erect. A convex mirror always forms a virtual, erect and diminished image. A concave mirror is used as doctor's head mirror to focus light on body parts like eyes, ears, nose etc., to be examined because it can form erect and magnified image of the object. The convex mirror is used as a rear view mirrors in automobiles because it can form an small and erect image of an object. (i) When an object is placed at the centre of curvature of a concave mirror, the image formed is

(ii) No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be

(iii) A child is standing in front of a magic mirror. She finds the image of her head bigger, the middle portion of her body of the same size and that of the legs smaller. The following is the order of combinations for the magic mirror from the top.

(iv) To get an image larger than the object, one can use (a) convex mirror but not a concave mirror (b) a concave mirror but not a convex mirror (c) either a convex mirror or a concave mirror (d) a plane mirror. (v) A convex mirror has wider field of view because (a) the image formed is much smaller than the object and large number of images can be seen (b) the image formed is much closer to the mirror (c) both (a) and (b) (d) none of these.

The relation between distance of an object from the mirror (u), distance of image from the mirror (v) and the focal length (F) is called mirror formula. This formula is valid in all situations for all spherical mirrors for all positions of the object. The size of image formed by a spherical mirror depends on the position of the object from the mirror. The image formed by a spherical mirror can be bigger than the object, equal to the object or smaller than the object. The size of the image relative to the object is given by the linear magnification (m). Thus, the magnification is given by the ratio of height of image to the height of object. If magnification is negative, image is real and if it is positive, image is virtual. (i) What is the position of an image when an object is placed at a distance of 20 em from a concave mirror of focal length 20 cm?

(iii) If the magnification of an image is -2, the characteristic of image will be

(iv) The mirror formula holds for

(v) A parallel beam of light is made to fall on a concave mirror. An image is formed at a distance of7.5 from the mirror. The focal length of the mirror is

(ii) A ray of light passes from a medium A to another medium B. No bending of light occurs if the ray of light hits the boundary of medium B at an angle of

(iii) When light passes from one medium to another, the frequency of light

(iv) When light passes from glass to water, the speed of light

(v) The bottom of pool filled with water appears to be ______ due to refraction of light

*****************************************

Cbse 10th standard science subject light reflection and refraction case study questions with solution 2021 answer keys.

(i) (d) : When an object is placed at the focus of a concave mirror, the..image is formed at infinity. (ii) (d) : When a light ray parallel to the principal axis is incident on a concave mirror, it passes through the principal focus after reflection. Therefore, figure D is correct. (iii) (a) : If m is negative, the image will be real and inverted. (iv) (d) (v) (b): The distance of object from mirror =  \(\infty\) Using,  \(\frac{1}{v}+\frac{1}{u}=\frac{1}{f}\) \(\frac{1}{\infty}-\left(-\frac{1}{7.5}\right)=\frac{1}{f}\) f = 7.5 cm

(i) (a): When, a ray of light travels from air to glass, it bends towards the normal. (ii) (c): No bending of light occurs when light is incident normally or perpendicularly on a boundary of two media since angle of incidence and angle of refraction both are zero. (iii) (c): When light goes from one medium to other medium, its frequency does not change (iv) (a): The speed to light increases when light passes from glass to water as water is optically rarer medium. (v) (a): The bottom of a pool of water appears to be less deep than it actually is due to refraction.

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Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions Class 10

Students who are studying in CBSE class 10 board, need to get the knowledge about the Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions. Case based questions are generally based on the seen passages from the chapter Light Reflection and Refraction. Through solving the case based questions, students can understand each and every concept. 

 With the help of Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions, students don’t need to memorise each answer. As answers for these case studies are already available in the given passage. Questions are asked through MCQs so student’s won’t take time to mark the answers. These multiple choice questions can help students to score the weightage of Light Reflection and Refraction. 

Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions with Solutions 

Selfstudys provides case studies for the Class 10 Science chapter Light Reflection and Refraction with solutions. The Solutions can be helpful for students to refer to if there is a doubt in any of the case studies problems. The solutions from the Selfstudys website are easily accessible and free of cost to download. This accessibility can help students to download case studies from anywhere with the help of the Internet. 

Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions with solutions are in the form of PDF. Portable Document Format (PDF) can be downloaded through any of the devices: smart phone, laptop. Through this accessibility, students don't need to carry those case based questions everywhere. 

Features of Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions

Before solving questions, students should understand the basic details of Light Reflection and Refraction. Here are the features of case based questions on Light Reflection and Refraction are:

• These case based questions start with short or long passages. In these passages some concepts included in the chapter can be explained.
• After reading the passage, students need to answer the given questions. These questions are asked in the Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ). 
• These case based questions are a type of open book test. These case based questions can help students to score well in the particular subject. 
•  These Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions can also be asked in the form of CBSE Assertion and Reason .

Benefits of Solving Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions

According to the CBSE board, some part of the questions are asked in the board exam question papers according to the case studies. As some benefits of solving Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions can be obtained by the students. Those benefits are: 

• Through solving case studies students will be able to understand every concept included in the chapter Light Reflection and Refraction
• Passages included in the case study are seen passages, so students don’t need to struggle for getting answers. As these questions and answers can be discussed by their concerned teacher. 
• Through these students can develop their observation skills. This skill can help students to study further concepts clearly. 
• Case studies covers all the concepts which are included in the Light Reflection and Refraction

How to Download Light Reflection and Refraction Case Based Questions? 

Students studying in CBSE class 10 board, need to solve questions based on case study. It is necessary for students to know the basic idea of Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions. Students can obtain the basic idea of case based questions through Selfstudys website. Easy steps to download it are:

• Open Selfstudys website. 

• Bring the arrow towards CBSE which is visible in the navigation bar. 

• A pop-up menu will appear, Select case study from the list. 

• New page will appear, select 10 from the list of classes. 

• Select Science from the subject list. 

• And in the new page, you can access the Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions. 

Tips to solve Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Questions-

Students should follow some basic tips to solve Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions. These tips can help students to score good marks in CBSE Class 10 Science. 

• Generally, the case based questions are in the form of Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs). 
• Students should start solving the case based questions through reading the given passage. 
• Identify the questions and give the answers according to the case given. 
• Read the passage again, so that you can easily answer the complex questions. 
• Answer according to the options given below the questions provided in the Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions. 

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Case Study Questions Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

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CBSE Board Exam is on the way, so you must practice some good Case Study Questions Class 10 Science to boost your preparation to score 95+% on Boards. In this post, you will get Case Study and Passage Based Questions that will come in CBSE Class 10 Science Board Exams .

Join our Telegram Channel, there you will get various e-books for CBSE 2024 Boards exams for Class 9th, 10th, 11th, and 12th.

In CBSE Class 10 Science Paper, Students will have to answer some questions based on  Assertion and Re a son . There will be a few questions based on case studies and passage-based as well. In that, a paragraph will be given, and then the MCQ questions based on it will be asked.

Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Questions With Answers

Here, we have provided case-based/passage-based questions for Class 10 Science  Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

Case Study/Passage-Based Questions

Question 1:

The spherical mirror forms different types of images when the object is placed at different locations. When the image is formed on the screen, the image is real and when the image does not form on-screen, the image is virtual. When the two reflected rays meet actually, the image is real and when they appear to meet, the image is virtual. A concave mirror always forms a real and inverted image for different positions of the object. But if the object is placed between the focus and pole, the image formed is virtual and erect. A convex mirror always forms a virtual, erect, and diminished image. A concave mirror is used as a doctor’s head mirror to focus light on body parts like eyes, ears, nose, etc., to be examined because it can form erect and magnified images of the object. The convex mirror is used as a rear view mirror in automobiles because it can form a small and erect image of an object.

(i) When an object is placed at the center of curvature of a concave mirror, the image formed is

Answer: (c) same size as that of the object

(ii) No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be

Answer: (d): The image is erect in a plane mirror and also in a convex mirror, for all positions of the object.

(iii) A child is standing in front of a magic mirror. She finds the image of her head bigger, the middle portion of her body of the same size and that of the legs smaller. The following is the order of combinations for the magic mirror from the top.

Answer: (c) : As the image of head is bigger, the upper portion of magic mirror is concave. The middle portion of the image is of same size, so, middle portion of magic mirror is plane. Now, the image of legs looks smaller, therefore, the lower portion of magic mirror is convex.

(iv) To get an image larger than the object, one can use (a) convex mirror but not a concave mirror (b) a concave mirror but not a convex mirror (c) either a convex mirror or a concave mirror (d) a plane mirror.

Answer: (b) a concave mirror but not a convex mirror

(v) A convex mirror has wider field of view because (a) the image formed is much smaller than the object and large number of images can be seen (b) the image formed is much closer to the mirror (c) both (a) and (b) (d) none of these.

Answer: (c) both (a) and (b)

Question 2:

The lenses form different types of images when objects are placed at different locations. When a ray is incident parallel to the principal axis, then after refraction, it passes through the focus or appears to come from the focus.

When a ray goes through the optical center of the lens, it passes without any deviation. If the object is placed between the focus and the optical center of the convex lens, an erect and magnified image is formed.

As the object is brought closer to the convex lens from infinity to focus, the image moves away from the convex lens from focus to infinity. Also, the size of the image goes on increasing and the image is always real and inverted.

A concave lens always gives a virtual, erect, and diminished image irrespective of the position of the object.

(i) The location of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at infinity is (a) at focus (b) at 2F (c) at optical center (d) between Fand 2F

Answer: (a) at focus

(ii) When the object is placed at the focus of concave lens, the image formed is (a) real and smaller (b) virtual and inverted (c) virtual and smaller (d) real and erect

Answer: (b) virtual and inverted

(iii) The size of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at the focus of convex lens is (a) small (b) point in size (c) highly magnified (d) same as that of object

Answer: (c) highly magnified

(iv) When the object is placed at 2F in front of convex lens, the location of image is (a) at F (b) at 2 F on the other side (c) at infinity (d) between F and optical center

Answer: (b) at 2 F on the other side

(v) At which location of object in front of concave lens, the image between focus and optical centre is formed (a) anywhere between centre and infinity (b) at F (c) at 2F (d) infinity

Answer: (a) anywhere between centre and infinity

Case Study 3: Light reflection and refraction are fundamental phenomena that occur when light interacts with surfaces and passes through different mediums. Reflection is the bouncing back of light when it strikes a surface. The laws of reflection state that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection, and the incident ray, reflected ray, and normal at the point of incidence lie in the same plane. Refraction, on the other hand, is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another with a different optical density. The bending of light is governed by Snell’s law, which states that the ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction is constant for a given pair of media. The concepts of reflection and refraction help us understand various optical phenomena, such as the formation of images by mirrors and lenses, the dispersion of light, and the phenomenon of total internal reflection.

What is reflection? a) The bending of light as it passes from one medium to another b) The bouncing back of light when it strikes a surface c) The formation of images by mirrors and lenses d) The dispersion of light Answer: b) The bouncing back of light when it strikes a surface

What do the laws of reflection state? a) The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection b) The incident ray, reflected ray, and normal lie in the same plane c) The angle of incidence, angle of reflection, and normal form a right triangle d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above

What is refraction? a) The bending of light as it passes from one medium to another b) The bouncing back of light when it strikes a surface c) The formation of images by mirrors and lenses d) The dispersion of light Answer: a) The bending of light as it passes from one medium to another

What law governs the bending of light during refraction? a) Law of reflection b) Snell’s law c) Newton’s law d) Coulomb’s law Answer: b) Snell’s law

What optical phenomena can be explained using the concepts of reflection and refraction? a) Formation of images by mirrors and lenses b) Dispersion of light c) Total internal reflection d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above

Hope the information shed above regarding Case Study and Passage Based Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction with Answers Pdf free download has been useful to an extent. If you have any other queries about CBSE Class 10 Science Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study and Passage Based Questions with Answers, feel free to comment below so that we can revert back to us at the earliest possible. By Team Study Rate

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• CBSE Class 10

CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter Wise Important Case Study Questions

Chapter wise important case study questions cbse class 10 science: cbse class 10 science board exam 2024 is just around the corner and students are working hard to score maximum marks. check these case study questions from class 10 science to ace your examination this year also download the solutions from the pdf attached towards the end. .

CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter Wise Important Case Study Questions: While the CBSE Board exam for Class 10 students are ongoing, the CBSE Class 10 Science board exam 2024 is to be held on March 2, 2024. With the exams just a  few days away, CBSE Class 10th Board exam candidates are rushing to prepare the remaining syllabus, practising their weak portions, trying to revise the important questions from the past year papers, practise questions, etc. 

Why are CBSE Class 10 Science Case Study Questions Important?

• Section A : 20 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) carrying 1 mark each.  
• Section B : 6 Very Short Answer type questions carrying 2 marks each. Answers to these questions should be in the range of 30 to 50 words.  
• Section C : 7 Short Answer type questions carrying 3 marks each. Answers to these questions should be in the range of 50 to 80 words.  
• Section D : 3 Long Answer type questions carrying 5 marks each. Answers to these questions should be in the range of 80 to 120 words.
• Section E : 3 Case Based/ Source Based units of assessment (4 marks each) with sub-parts.  

How to solve case study questions in CBSE Class 10 Science?

• Read the case given and the associated questions carefully.
• Read the questions attentively and analyse what they are asking.
• Apply your subject knowledge and theories in the given case to decide what the correct answers should be.

1.A chemical reaction is a representation of chemical change in terms of symbols and formulae of reactants and products. There are various types of chemical reactions like combination, decomposition, displacement, double displacement, oxidation and reduction reactions. Reactions in which heat is released along with the formation of products are called exothermic chemical reactions. All combustion reactions are exothermic reactions.

(i) The massive force that pushes the rocket forward through space is generated due to the

(a) combination reaction

(b) decomposition reaction

(c) displacement reaction

(d) double displacement reaction

(ii) A white salt on heating decomposes to give brown fumes and yellow residue is left behind. The yellow residue left is of

(a) lead nitrate

(b) nitrogen oxide

(c) lead oxide

(d) oxygen gas

(iii) Which of the following reactions represents a combination reaction?

(a) CaO (s) + H2O (l) → Ca (OH)2 (aq)

(b) CaCO3 (s) → CaO (s) + CO2(g)

(c) Zn(s) + CuSO4 (aq) → ZnSO4 (aq) + Cu(s)

(d) 2FeSO4(s) → Fe2O3 (s) +SO2(g) + SO3(g)

(iv) Complete the following statements by choosing correct type of reaction for X and Y.

Statement 1: The heating of lead nitrate is an example of ‘X’ reaction.

Statement 2: The burning of magnesium is an example of ‘Y’ reaction.

(a)X-Combination,Y-Decomposition

(b)X-Decomposition,Y-Combination

(c)X-Combination,Y-Displacement

(d) X- Displacement, Y-Decomposition

2.The earlier concept of oxidation and reduction is based on the addition or removal of oxygen or hydrogen elements so, in terms of oxygen and hydrogen, oxidation is addition of oxygen to a substance and removal of hydrogen from a substance. On the other hand, reduction is addition of hydrogen to a substance and removal of oxygen from a substance. The substance which gives oxygen to another substance or removes hydrogen from another substance in an oxidation reaction is known as oxidising agent, while the substance which gives hydrogen to another substance or removes oxygen from another substance in a reduction reaction is known as reducing agent. For example, 

(i) A redox reaction is one in which

(a) both the substances are reduced

(b) both the substances are oxidised

(c) an acid is neutralised by the base

(d) one substance is oxidised while the other is reduced.

(ii) In the reaction, H2S+Cl2⟶S+2HCl

(a) H2S is the reducing agent. 

(b) HCl is the oxidising agent.

(c) H2S is the oxidising agent. 

(d) Cl2 is the reducing agent.

(iii) Which of the following processes does not involve either oxidation or reduction?

(a) Formation of slaked lime from quicklime.

(b) Heating mercuric oxide.

(c) Formation of manganese chloride from manganese oxide (MnO2).

(d) Formation of zinc from zinc blende.

(iv) Mg+CuO⟶MgO+Cu

Which of the following is wrong relating to the above reaction?

(a) CuO gets reduced

(b) Mg gets oxidised.

(c) CuO gets oxidised. 

(d) It is a redox reaction.

3.A copper vessel gets tarnished due to formation of an oxide layer on its surface. On rubbing lemon on the vessel, the surface is cleaned, and the vessel begins to shine again. This is due to the fact that which reacts with the acid present in lemon to form a salt which is washed away with water. As a result, the layer of copper oxide is removed from the surface of the vessel and the shining surface is exposed.

1.Which of the following acids is present in lemon?

(a) Formic acid

(b) Acetic acid

(c) Citric acid

(d) Hydrochloric acid

2.The nature of copper oxide is

d) amphoteric

3.Name the salt formed in the above reaction

a) copper carbonate

b) copper chloride

c)copper citrate

d) copper citrate

4.The phenomenon of copper getting tarnished is

a) corrosion

b) rancidity

c) displacement

d)none of these

4.Metals as we know, are very useful in all fields, industries in particular. Non-metals are no less in any way. Oxygen present in air is essential for breathing as well as for combustion. Non-metals form a large number of compounds which are extremely useful, e.g., ammonia, nitric acid, sulphuric acid, etc. Non-metals are found to exist in three states of matter. Only solid non-metals are expected to be hard however, they have low density and are brittle. They usually have low melting and boiling points and are poor conductors of electricity.

i.____________ is a non-metal but is lustrous

A.Phosphorus

ii.Which of the following is known as 'King of chemicals'?

C. Sulphuric acid

D. Nitric acid

iii.Which of the following non-metals is a liquid?

iv.Hydrogen is used

A.for the synthesis of ammonia

B. for the synthesis of methyl alcohol

C.nitrogenous fertilizers

D. all of these

5.Nisha observed that the bottoms of cooking utensils were turning black in colour while the flame of her stove was yellow in colour. Her daughter suggested cleaning the air holes of the stove to get a clean, blue flame. She also told her mother that this would prevent the fuel from getting wasted.

a) Identify the reasons behind the sooty flame arising from the stove.

b) Can you distinguish between saturated and unsaturated compounds by burning them? Justify your answer.

c) Why do you think the colour of the flame turns blue once the air holes of the stove are cleaned?

6.Blood transport food, Oxygen and waste materials in our bodies. It consists of plasma as a fluid medium. A pumping organ [heart] is required to push the blood around the body. The blood flows through the chambers of the heart in a specific manner and direction. While flowing throughout the body, blood exerts a pressure against the wall or a vessel.

• Pulmonary artery
• Pulmonary vein
• Very narrow and have high resistance
• Much wide and have low resistance
• Very narrow and have low resistance
• Much wide and have high resistance
• It is a hollow muscular organ
• It is four chambered having three auricles and one ventricle.
• It has different chambers to prevent O2 rich blood from mixing with the blood containing CO2
• Both A & C
• Blood = Plasma + RBC + WBC + Platelets
• Plasma = Blood – RBC
• Lymph = Plasma + RBC
• Serum = Plasma + RBC + WBC

7.A brain is displayed at the Allen Institute for Brain Science. The human brain is a 3-pound (1.4-kilogram) mass of jelly-like fats and tissues—yet it's the most complex of all known living structures The human brain is more complex than any other known structure in the universe. Weighing in at three pounds, on average, this spongy mass of fat and protein is made up of two overarching types of cells—called glia and neurons— and it contains many billions of each. Neurons are notable for their branch-like projections called axons and dendrites, which gather and transmit electrochemical signals. Different types of glial cells provide physical protection to neurons and help keep them, and the brain, healthy. Together, this complex network of cells gives rise to every aspect of our shared humanity. We could not breathe, play, love, or remember without the brain.

1)Animals such as elephants, dolphins, and whales actually have larger brains, but humans have the most developed cerebrum. It's packed to capacity inside our skulls and is highly folded. Why our brain is highly folded?

• b) Learning

3)Which among these protects our brain?

a)Neurotransmitter

b) Cerebrospinal fluid

d) Grey matter

4.Ram was studying in his room. Suddenly he smells something burning and sees smoke in the room. He rushes out of the room immediately. Was Ram’s action voluntary or involuntary? Why?

8.Preeti is very fond of gardening. She has different flowering plants in her garden. One day a few naughty children entered her garden and plucked many leaves of Bryophyllum plant and threw them here and there in the garden. After few days, Preeti observed that new Bryophyllum plants were coming out from the leaves which fell on the ground.

1.What does the incident sited in the paragraph indicate?

(a). Bryophyllum leaves have special buds that germinate to give rise to new plant.

(b). Bryophyllum can propagate vegetatively through leaves.

(c). Bryophyllum is a flowering plant that reproduces only asexually

(d). Both (a) and (b).

2.Which of the following plants can propagate vegetatively through leaves like Bryophyllum?

3.Do you think any other vegetative part of Bryophyllum can help in propagation? If yes, then which part?

(c) Flowers

4.Which of the following plant is artificially propagated (vegetatively) by stem cuttings in horticultural practices?

(b)Snakeplant

(d)Water hyacinth

9.The growing size of the human population is a cause of concern for all people. The rate of birth and death in a given population will determine its size. Reproduction is the process by which organisms increase their population. The process of sexual maturation for reproduction is gradual and takes place while general body growth is still going on. Some degree of sexual maturation does not necessarily mean that the mind or body is ready for sexual acts or for having and bringing up children. Various contraceptive devices are being used by human beings to control the size of the population.

1) What are common signs of sexual maturation in boys?

a) Broadening of shoulders

b) Development of mammary glands

c) Broadening of waist

d) High pitch of voice

2) Common sign of sexual maturation in girls is

a) Low pitch voice

b) Appearance of moustache and beard

c) Development of mammary glands

d) Broadening of shoulders

3) Which contraceptive method changes the hormonal balance of the body?

b) Diaphragms

c) Oral pills

d) Both a) and b)

4) What should be maintained for healthy society?

a) Rate of birth and death rate

b) Male and female sex ratio

c) Child sex ratio

d) None of these

10.Pea plants can have smooth seeds or wrinkled seeds. One of the phenotypes is completely dominant over the other. A farmer decides to pollinate one flower of a plant with smooth seeds using pollen from a plant with wrinkled seeds. The resulting pea pod has all smooth seeds.

i) Which of the following conclusions can be drawn?

(1) The allele for smooth seeds is dominated over that of wrinkled seeds.

(2) The plant with smooth seeds is heterozygous.

(3) The plant with wrinkled seeds is homozygous.

(b) 1 and 2 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

ii) Which of the following crosses will give smooth and wrinkled seeds in same proportion?

(a) RR X rr

(b) Rr X rr

(d) rr X rr

iii) Which of the following cross can be used to determine the genotype of a plant with dominant phenotype?

(a) RR X RR

(b) Rr X Rr

(c) Rr X RR

(d) RR X rr

iv) On crossing of two heterozygous smooth seeded plants (Rr), a total of 1000 plants were obtained in F1 generation. What will be the respective number of smooth and wrinkled seeds obtained in F1 generation?

(a) 750, 250

(b) 500, 500

(C) 800, 200

(d) 950, 50

11.Food chains are very important for the survival of most species.When only one element is removed from the food chain it can result in extinction of a species in some cases.The foundation of the food chain consists of primary producers.Primary producers or autotrophs,can use either solar energy or chemical energy to create complex organic compounds,whereas species at higher trophic levels cannot and so must consume producers or other life that itself consumes producers. Because the sun’s light is necessary for photosynthesis,most life could not exist if the sun disappeared.Even so,it has recently been discovered that there are some forms of life,chemotrophs,that appear to gain all their metabolic energy from chemosynthesis driven by hydrothermal vents,thus showing that some life may not require solar energy to thrive.

1.If 10,000 J solar energy falls on green plants in a terrestrial ecosystem,what percentage of solar energy will be converted into food energy?

(d)It will depend on the type of the terrestrial plant

2.Matter and energy are two fundamental inputs of an ecosystem. Movement of

(a)Energy is by directional and matter is repeatedly circulating

(b)Energy is repeatedly circulating and matter is unidirectional

(c)Energy is unidirectional and matter is repeatedly circulating

(d)Energy is multidirectional and matter is bidirectional

3.Raj is eating curd/yoghurt. For this food intake in a food chain he should be considered as occupying

(a)First trophic level

(b)Second trophic level

(c)Third trophic level

(d)Fourth trophic level

4.Which of the following, limits the number of trophic levels in a food chain

(a)Decrease in energy at higher trophic levels

(b)Less availability of food

(c)Polluted air

5.The decomposers are not included in the food chain. The correct reason for the same is because decomposers

(a) Act at every trophic level at the food chain

(b) Do not breakdown organic compounds

(c) Convert organic material to inorganic forms

(d) Release enzymes outside their body to convert organic material to inorganic forms

12.Shyam participated in a group discussion in his inter school competition on the practical application of light and was very happy to win an award for his school. That very evening his father gave treat to celebrate Shyam’s win. Shyam while sitting saw an image of a person sitting at his backside in his curved plate and could see that person’s mobile drop in the flower bed. Person was not aware until Shyam went and informed him. He thanked Shyam for his clever move.

a)From which side of his plate Shyam observed the incident –

i)outward curved

ii)inward curved

iii)plane surface

b)Part of plate from which Shyam observed the incident acted like a-

i)concave mirror

ii)convex mirror

iii)plane mirror

c)The nature of the size of the image formed in above situation is –

i)real, inverted and magnified

ii)same size , laterally inverted

iii)virtual, erect and diminished

iv)real , inverted and diminished

d)Magnification of the image formed by convex mirror is –

more than 1

iii)equal to 1

iv)less than 1

• The location of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at infinity is

(a) at focus

(c) at optical center

• When the object is placed at the focus of concave lens, the image formed is

(a)real and smaller

(b) virtual and smaller

(c) virtual and inverted

• The size of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at the focus ofconvex lens is

(a) highly magnified

(b) point in size

• When the object is placed at 2F in front of convex lens, the location of image is

(b) between F and optical center

(c) at infinity

(d) none of the above

14.One of the wires in domestic circuits supply, usually with a red insulation cover, is called live wire. with black insulation is called neutral wire. The earth wire, which has insulation of green colour, is usually connected to a metal plate deep in the earth near the house appliances that has a metallic body. Overloading contact, in such a situation the current in the circuit abruptly increases. circuit prevents damage to the appliances and the circuit due to overloading.

1 When do we say that an electrical appliance

2 Mention the function of earth wire in electrical line

3 How is an electric fuse connected in a domestic circuit?

4 When overloading and short circuiting are said to occur?

5 What is a live wire?

15.Light of all the colours travel at the same speed in vacuum for all wavelengths. But in any transparent medium(glass or water), the light of different colours travels at different speeds for different wavelengths, which means that the refractive index of a particular medium is different for different wavelengths. As there is a difference in their speeds, the light of different colours bend through different angles. The speed of violet colour is maximum and the speed of red colour is minimum in glass so, the red light deviates least and violet colour deviates most. Hence, higher the wavelength of a colour of light, smaller the refractive index and less is the bending of light.

(i)Which of the following statements is correct regarding the propagation of Light of different colours of white light in air?

(a) Red light moves fastest.

(b) Blue light moves faster than green light.

(c) All the colours of the white light move with the same speed.

(d) Yellow light moves with the mean speed as that of the red and the violet light.

(ii)Which of the following is the correct order of wavelength?

(a) Red> Green> Yellow

(b) Red> Violet> Green

(c) Yellow> Green> Violet

(d) Red> Yellow> Orange

(iii)Which of the following is the correct order of speed of light in glass?

(a) Red> Green> Blue

(b) Blue> Green> Red

(c) Violet> Red> Green

(d) Green> Red> Blue

(iv)Which colour has maximum frequency?

16.The region around a magnet where magnetism acts is represented by the magnetic field.The force of magnetism is due to moving charge or some magnetic material. Like stationary charges produce an electric field proportional to the magnitude of charge, moving charges produce magnetic fields proportional to the current. In other words, a current carrying conductor produces a magnetic field around it. The subatomic particles in the conductor, like the electrons moving in atomic orbitals, are responsible for the production of magnetic fields. The magnetic field lines around a straight conductor (straight wire) carrying current are concentric circles whose centres lie on the wire.

1)The magnetic field associated with a current carrying straight conductor is in anti- clockwise direction. If the conductor was held horizontally along east west direction,what is the direction of current through it?

2)Name and state the rule applied to determine the direction of magnetic field in a straight current carrying conductor.

3)Ramus performs an experiment to study the magnetic effect of current around a current carrying straight conductor with the help of a magnetic compass. He reports that

a)The degree of deflection of magnetic compass increases when the compass is moved away from the conductor.

b)The degree of deflection of the magnetic compass increases when the current through the conductor is increased.

Which of the above observations of the student appears to be wrong and why?

Case Study Questions Class 10 Science CBSE Chapter Wise PDF

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Case Study Questions Class 10 Science

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Download Case study questions for CBSE class 10 Science in PDF format from the myCBSEguide App . We have the new pattern case study-based questions for free download. Class 10 Science case study questions

This article will guide you through:

What are case study questions?

• Sample Papers with Case Study questions
• Class 10 Science Case Study question examples
• How to get case-based questions for free?
• How to attempt the case-based questions in Science?

Questions based on case studies are some real-life examples. The questions are asked based on a given paragraph i.e. Case Study.  Usually, 4-5 questions are asked on the basis of the given passage. In most cases, these are either MCQs or assertion & reason type questions. Let’s take an example to understand. There is one paragraph on how nitrogen is generated in the atmosphere. On the basis of this paragraph, the board asks a few objective-type questions. In other words, it is very similar to the unseen passages given in language papers. But the real cases may be different. So, read this article till the end to understand it thoroughly.

What is CBE?

CBSE stands for competency-based education. The case study questions are part of this CBE. The purpose of CBE is to demonstrate the learning outcomes and attain proficiency in particular competencies.

Questions on Real-life Situations

As discussed the case study questions are based on real-life situations. Especially for grade 10 science, it is very essential to have the practical knowledge to solve such questions. Here on the myCBSEguide app, we have given many such case study paragraphs that are directly related to real-life implications of the knowledge.

Sample Papers with Case Study Questions

Class 10 Science Sample Papers with case study questions are available in the myCBSEguide App . There are 4 such questions (Q.No.17 to 20) in the CBSE model question paper. If you analyze the format, you will find that the MCQs are very easy to answer. So, we suggest you, read the given paragraph carefully and then start answering the questions. In some cases, you will find that the question is not asked directly from the passage but is based on the concept that is discussed there. That’s why it is very much important to understand the background of the case study paragraph.

CBSE Case Study Sample Papers

You can download CBSE case study sample papers from the myCBSEguide App or Student Dashboard. Here is the direct link to access it.

Case Study Question Bank

As we mentioned that case study questions are coming in your exams for the last few years. You can get them in all previous year question papers issued by CBSE for class 1o Science. Here is the direct link to get them too.

Class 10 Science Case Study Question Examples

As you have already gone through the four questions provided in the CBSE model question paper , we are proving you with other examples of the case-based questions in the CBSE class 10 Science. If you wish to get similar questions, you can download the myCBSEguide App and access the Sample question papers with case study-type questions.

Case-based Question -1

Read the following and answer any four questions: Salt of a strong acid and strong base is neutral with a pH value of 7. NaCl common salt is formed by a combination of hydrochloride and sodium hydroxide solution. This is the salt that is used in food. Some salt is called rock salt bed of rack salt was formed when seas of bygone ages dried up. The common salt thus obtained is an important raw material for various materials of daily use, such as sodium hydroxide, baking soda, washing soda, and bleaching powder.

• Phosphoric acid
• Carbonic acid
• Hydrochloric acid
• Sulphuric acid
• Blue vitriol
• Washing soda
• Baking soda
• Bleaching powder

Case-based Question -2

• V 1  + V 2  + V 3
• V 1  – V 2  +V 2
• None of these
• same at every point of the circuit
• different at every point of the circuit
• can not be determined
• 20 3 Ω 203Ω
• 15 2 Ω 152Ω

Case-based Question -3

• pure strips
• impure copper
• refined copper
• none of these
• insoluble impurities
• soluble impurities
• impure metal
• bottom of cathode
• bottom of anode

How to Attempt the Case-Based Questions in Science?

Before answering this question, let’s read the text given in question number 17 of the CBSE Model Question Paper.

All living cells require energy for various activities. This energy is available by the breakdown of simple carbohydrates either using oxygen or without using oxygen.

See, there are only two sentences and CBSE is asking you 5 questions based on these two sentences. Now let’s check the first questions given there.

Energy in the case of higher plants and animals is obtained by a) Breathing b) Tissue respiration c) Organ respiration d) Digestion of food

Now let us know if you can relate the question to the paragraph directly. The two sentences are about energy and how it is obtained. But neither the question nor the options have any similar text in the paragraph.

So the conclusion is, in most cases, you will not get direct answers from the passage. You will get only an idea about the concept. If you know it, you can answer it but reading the paragraph even 100 times is not going to help you.

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CBSE Class 10 Science Case Study Questions Download Free PDF

If you are looking for the CBSE Class 10 Science Case Study Questions in PDF, then you are in the right place. CBSE 10th Class Case Study for the Science Subject is available here. These Case studies can help the students to solve the different types of questions that are based on the case study.

CBSE Board will be asking case study questions based on Science subjects in the upcoming board exams. Thus, it becomes an essential resource to study. 

The Science Subject case study for class 10th covers a wide range of chapters from the Science. Students willing to score good marks in their board exams can use it. The questions are highly interactive and it allows students to use their thoughts and skills to solve such kinds of questions.

Case Study Questions Class 10 Science

In board exams, students will find the questions based on assertion and reasoning . Also, there will be a few questions based on case studies. In that, a paragraph will be given, and then the MCQ questions based on it will be asked.

• Case Study Questions for Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 2 Acids, Bases, and Salts
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 3 Metals and Non-Metals
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 4 Carbon and Its Compounds
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 5 Periodic Classification of elements
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 6 Life Processes
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 7 Control and Coordination
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 8 How do organisms reproduce?
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 10 Light reflection and refraction
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 11 Human eye and colorful world
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 12 Electricity
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 13 Magnetic effects of current
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 15 Our Environment

The above  Case studies  for CBSE Class 10 Science will help you to score good marks in the Case Study questions that have been coming in your examinations. These CBSE Class 10 Science Case Study have been developed by experts of cbseexperts.com   for benefit of Class 10 students.

Class 10 Science Assertion and Reason Questions

Case Study Type Questions in Science Class 10

Case Study Type Questions in Science Class 10 include the information or data. Students willing to solve them are required to read the passage carefully and then solve them. While solving the paragraph the ideal way is to highlight the key information or given data.

Because later it will ease them to write the final answers. Science Case study type questions consist of 4 to 5 questions that should be answered in an MCQ manner. 

While reading the paragraph students will get the clue in between about the possible answer of the question. They should definitely highlight those questions. This is the best way to solve such kind of Case study Type Questions.

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Chapter 10 Class 10 - Light - Reflection and Refraction

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Get NCERT Solutions, Notes, Numericals, MCQ (with Solutions) for Chapter 10 Class 10 Science , Light - Reflection and Refraction.

In addition to providing the notes and solutions, we also provide

• MCQ, 1 Mark, 2 Marks - Questions and Answers. (which you can download in PDF)
• Numericals of Light Class 10 - on both Lens Formula and Mirror Formula
• Solved Questions from inside the NCERT Book
• Solved Examples from inside the NCERT Book
• And also marked the important questions for your reference

In this chapter, we will learn

Reflection of Light - A quick revision on what is reflection of light, Law of Reflection, Reflection of Light in Plane Mirror

Spherical Mirrors - What are Concave and Convex Mirrors, what do they look like

Parts of Concave and Convex Mirror - like Focus, Principal Axis, Center of Curvature, Radius of Curvature

Rules for drawing Ray Diagram in Mirrors

Concave Mirror - Ray diagram - All 6 cases, with summary as well

Convex Mirror - Ray diagram - Both cases with summary table

Uses of Concave and Convex Mirrors - with Diagram, for your better understanding

Sign convention for Spherical Mirrors

Mirror Formula

and Magnification Formula for Mirrors

Refraction of Light

Refraction through a Rectangular Glass Slab

Laws of Refraction

Refractive Index

Optical Density and What are optically rarer and optically denser mediums

Concave and Convex Lens

Important Points for Convex and Concave Lens - like 2 Focus (or Foci), Optical Center

Rules for drawing Ray Diagram in Lenses

Convex Lens - Ray diagram

Concave Lens - Ray diagram

Uses of Concave and Convex Lens

Sign convention for Convex and Concave Lens

Lens Formula

Power of a lens

And we also some extra notes, like

• What is the difference between Real and Virtual Image ?
• What is the difference between Concave and Convex mirror?
• Difference between Mirror and Lens
• Meaning of Erect Image
• Which type of Mirror used in cars?
• Difference between Reflection and Refraction of Light
• Effects of Refraction of Light
• Multiple Choice Questions
• 2 Mark Questions
• 3 Mark Questions

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Note : When you start doing a chapter, the first question would open. To open the other questions, click on Next. Or scroll down to the bottom, you will find a list with arrows . It has all the questions (and their solutions!)

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Class 10 Science Chapter 9 Case Based Questions - Light Reflection and Refraction

Correct Answer is Option (b) In rectangular glass slab the ray undergoes only refraction and emerges out parallel. In a prism the emerging ray is not parallel but split due to change in wavelength of different colour of light. The shape of the glass slab with two prisms up and down splits light but recombines it into one.

Question 2: The light changes its path as its medium changes. Which of the following is incorrect statement. (a)  Speed of light is different in different media. (b)  Light changes its path because light only travels in straight line. (c) Speed of light is dependent on medium through which it is passing. (d)  The light chooses the path with minimum time, as it changes its medium.

Correct Answer is Option (b) Light changes its path because light only travels in straight line.

Question 3: Light travel fastest in: (a)  Air (b)  Vacuum (c)  Glass (d) diamond

Correct Answer is Option (b) Light travels faster in vacuum than any other medium. This is because there is no obstruction in vacuum for the propagation of light and thus, the refractive index of vacuum is the lowest.

An object is kept at a distance of 18 cm, 20 cm, 22 cm and 30 cm, from a lens of power + 5D. Question 4:  The focal length of the given lens is: (a) 0.2 cm (b) 20 cm (c) 5cm (d) 0.5 cm

Correct Answer is Option (b) P = 1/f, f = 100/5 = 20 cm

Question 5: In which case or cases would you get a magnified image? (a)  18cm (b)  20cm (c)  22cm (d)  All the above

Correct Answer is Option (d) An object at 18 cm, 22 cm, and 30 cm, the image can be magnified.

Question 6: The power of a lens of focal length 1 metre is called as: (a)  Refractive index (b) 1 dioptre (c)  Speed of light (d)  Wavelength

Correct Answer is Option (b) The power of a lens whose focal length is one metre is dioptre .

Question 7: Name the lens/mirror used in film projectors and telescopes: (a)  Convex lens (b) Concave lens (c)  Convex mirror (d)  Concave mirror

Correct Answer is Option (a) Convex lens used in film projectors and telescopes, where the distance between the eye's lens and retina is too short, as a result of which the focal point lies behind the retina. Eyeglasses with convex lenses increase refraction, and accordingly reduce the focal length.

Question 8: Which of the magnified image can we get on a screen? (a) At 18 cm (b)  At 18 cm and 22 cm (c)  At 20 cm and 22 cm (d)  At 22 and 30 cm

Correct Answer is Option (d) At 22 cm and 30 cm, image can be obtained on a screen.

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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

September 27, 2019 by Veerendra

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction : In this article, you candidates can find light reflection and refraction class 10 NCERT solutions. Working on the light chapter of class 10 NCERT solutions will help candidates to build a strong foundation over the subject Physics. Knowing light reflection and refraction class 10 questions and answers will help students of class 10 to bag a decent score in class 10 board exams as well.

Along with NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction candidates can also find light reflection and refraction class 10 numericals questions in this article.  Go through them will help candidates get a clear idea about how to approach the problems which in turn helps you to solve them in the most efficient way. So why wait? Read on to find out everything about light reflection and refraction class 10 important questions with answers here.

Before getting into the details of  NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction,  let’s have an overview of topics and subtopics under NCERT class 10 science book activities solutions chapter 10:

• Light – Reflection And Refraction
• Reflection Of Light
• Spherical Mirrors
• Refraction Of Light

Free download NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction PDF in Hindi Medium as well as in English Medium for CBSE, Uttarakhand, Bihar, MP Board, Gujarat Board, and UP Board students, who are using NCERT Books based on updated CBSE Syllabus for the session 2019-20.

• प्रकाश-परावर्तन एवं अपवर्तन कक्षा 10 विज्ञान हिंदी में
• Class 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Questions
• Light Reflection and Refraction Class 10 Notes
• Light Reflection and Refraction NCERT Exemplar Solutions

Class 10 Science Light Reflection and Refraction Mind Map

Ncert solutions for class 10 science chapter 10 intext questions.

Page Number: 168

Question 1 Define the principal focus of a concave mirror. Answer: The principal focus of a concave mirror is a point on its principal axis to which all the light rays which are parallel and close to the axis, converge after reflection from the concave mirror.

Question 2 The radius of curvature of a spherical mirror is 20 cm. What is its focal length? Answer: Focal length = \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) x Radius of curvature = \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) x 20 cm = 10 cm

Question 3 Name a mirror that can give an erect and enlarged image of an object. Answer: Concave mirror.

Question 4 Why do we prefer a convex mirror as a rear-view mirror in vehicles ? Answer: We prefer a convex mirror as a rear-view mirror in vehicles because of two reasons :

•  A convex mirror always produces an erect image of the objects.
•  The image formed in a convex mirror is highly diminished or much smaller than the object, due to which a convex mirror gives a wide field of view of the traffic behind. A convex mirror enables the driver to view such larger area of the traffic behind him.

Page Number: 171

Question 1 Find the focal length of a convex mirror whose radius of curvature is 32 cm. Solution: R = +32 cm and \(f=\frac { R }{ 2 } =+\frac { 32 }{ 2 } =+16cm\)

Page Number: 176

Question 1 A ray of light travelling in air enters obliquely into water. Does the light ray bend towards the normal or away from the normal ? Why ? Answer: The light-ray bends towards the normal because the ray of light goes from a rarer medium to a denser medium.

Question 3 Find out, from Table 10.3, the medium having highest optical density. Also find the medium with lowest optical density. Answer: From table 10.3, diamond has highest refractive index (= 2.42), so it has highest optical density. Air has lowest refractive index (= 1.0003), so it has lowest optical density.

Question 4 You are given kerosene, turpentine and water. In which of these does the light travel fastest ? Use the information given in Table 10.3. Answer: For kerosene, n = 1.44 For turpentine, n = 1.47 For water, n = 1.33 Because water has the lowest refractive index, therefore light travels fastest in this optically rarer medium than kerosene and turpentine oil.

Question 5 The refractive index of diamond is 2.42. What is the meaning of this statement? Answer: By saying that the refractive index of diamond is 2.42, we mean that the speed of light in diamond is lower by a factor of 2.42 relative to that in vacuum.

Page Number: 184

Question 1 Define 1 dioptre of power of a lens. Answer: One dioptre is the power of a lens whose focal length is 1 metre.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Textbook Chapter End Questions

Question 1 Which one of the following materials cannot be used to make a lens ? (a) Water (b) Glass (c) Plastic (d) Clay Answer: (d) Clay

Question 2 The image formed by a concave mirror is observed to be virtual, erect and larger than the object. Where should be the position of the object ? (a) Between the principal focus and the centre of curvature (b) At the centre of curvature (c) Beyond the centre of curvature (d) Between the pole of the mirror and its principal focus. Answer: (d) Between the pole of the mirror and its principal focus.

Question 3 Where should an object be placed in front of a convex lens to get a real image of the size of the object ? (a) At the principal focus of the lens (b) At twice the focal length (c) At infinity (d) Between the optical centre of the lens and its principal focus. Answer: (b) At twice the focal length.

Question 4 A spherical mirror and a thin spherical lens have each a focal length of -15 cm. The mirror and the lens are likely to be : (a) Both concave. (b) Both convex. (c) the mirror is concave and the lens is convex. (d) the mirror is convex, but the lens is concave. Answer: (a) Both concave

Question 5 No matter how far you stand from mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be (a) plane (b) concave (c) convex (d) either plane or convex. Answer: (d) Either plane or convex.

Question 6 Which of the following lenses would you prefer to use while reading small letters found in a dictionary ? (a) A convex lens of focal length 50 cm. (b) A concave lens of focal length 50 cm. (c) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm. (d) A concave lens of focal length 5 cm. Answer: (c) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm.

Question 8 Name the type of mirror used in the following situations. (a) Headlights of a car. (b) Side/rear-view mirror of a vehicle. (c) Solar furnace. Support your answer with reason. Answer: (a) Concave mirrors are used as reflectors in headlights of cars. When a bulb is located at the focus of the concave mirror, the light rays after reflection from the mirror travel over a large distance as a parallel beam of high intensity.

(b) A convex mirror is used as a side/rear-view mirror of a vehicle because

• A convex mirror always forms an erect, virtual and diminished image of an object placed anywhere in front it.
• A convex mirror has a wider field of view than a plane mirror of the same size.

(c) Large concave mirrors are used to concentrate sunlight to produce heat in solar furnaces.

Question 13 The magnification produced by a plane mirror is +1. What does this mean ? Answer: Since magnification, \(m=\frac { { h }^{ ‘ } }{ h } =\frac { -\nu }{ u }\). Given, m = +1, so h’ = h and ν = -u

(i) m = 1 indicates the size of image is same as that of object. (ii) positive sign of m indicates that an erect image is formed.

The opposite signs of ν and u indicate that image is formed on the other side of the mirror from where the object is placed i.e., image is formed behind the mirror and thus image formed is virtual.

Reflection of light by curved surfaces; Images formed by spherical mirrors, center of curvature, principal axis, principal focus, focal length, mirror formula (Derivation not required), magnification. Refraction; laws of refraction, refractive index. Refraction of light by spherical lens; Image formed by spherical lenses; Lens formula (Derivation not required); Magnification. Power of a lens;

Formulae Handbook for Class 10 Maths and Science

Question 1. Define the principal focus of a concave mirror? Answer: Light rays that are parallel to the principal axis of a concave mirror converge at a specific point on its principal axis after reflecting from the mirror. This point is known as the principal focus of the concave mirror.

Question 2. The radius of curvature of a spherical mirror is 20 cm. What is its focal length? Answer: Radius of curvature, R = 20 cm Radius of curvature of a spherical mirror = 2 x Focal length (f) f = R/2 = 20/2 =10cm

More Resources for CBSE Class 10

NCERT Solutions

• NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science
• NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths
• NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social
• NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English
• NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Hindi
• NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Sanskrit
• NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Foundation of IT
• RD Sharma Class 10 Solutions

Question 3. Name the mirror that can give an erect and enlarged image of an object. Answer: When an object is placed between the pole and the principal focus of a concave mirror, the image formed is virtual, erect, and enlarged.

Download NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction PDF

Question 4. Why do we prefer a convex mirror as a rear-view mirror in vehicles? Answer: Convex mirrors give a virtual, erect, and diminished image of the objects placed in front of them. They are preferred as a rear-view mirror in vehicles because they give a wider field of view, which allows the driver to see most of the traffic behind him.

Question 1. Find the focal length of a convex mirror whose radius of curvature is 32 cm. Answer: Radius of curvature, R = 32 cm Radius of curvature = 2 x Focal length (f) R = 2f f = R/2 = 32/2 = 16cm Hence, the focal length of the given convex mirror is 16 cm.

Question 2. A concave mirror produces three times magnified (enlarged) real image of object placed at 10 cm in front of it. Where is the image located? Answer: Given, u = – 10 cm Since image is real inverted so, m = -3 m = -v / u ⇒  -3 = -v/ -10 v= – 30 cm Negative sign indicates the image will be real and image is formed at 30 cm in front of the mirror.

Question 1. A ray of light travelling in air enters obliquely into water. Does the light ray bend towards the normal or away from the normal? Why? Answer: The light ray bends towards the normal. When a ray of light travels from an optically rarer medium to an optically denser medium, it gets bent towards the normal. Since water is optically denser than air, a ray of light travelling from air into the water will bend towards the normal.

Question 1. Define one dioptre of power of a lens? Answer: One dioptre is the power Of a lens Of focal length 1m. Power of lens is defined as the reciprocal of its focal length. If P is the power of a lens of focal length F in metres, then P = 1/ f (in meters) The S.I. unit of power of a lens is Dioptre. It is denoted by D. 1 dioptre is defined as the power of a lens of focal length 1 metre. 1 D = 1 m−1

Question 2. A convex lens forms a real and inverted image of a needle at a distance of 50 cm from it. Where is the needle placed in front of the lens if the image is equal to the size of the object? Also find the power of the lens. Answer: v = + 50 cm Since image is real and of same size. The position of image should be double the focal length. Hence, the object should be at 2f. V = 2f = 50, f = 25 cm. Power = 1/f = 100/25 = 4D

Question 1. Which one of the following materials cannot be used to make a lens? (a) Water (b) Glass (c) Plastic (d) Clay Answer: (d) Clay

Question 2. The ¡mage formed by a concave mirror is observed to be virtual, erect and larger than the object. Where should be the position of the object? (a) Between the principal focus and the centre of Curvature (b) At the centre of curvature (c) Beyond the centre of curvature (d) Between the pole of the mirror and Its principal focus. Answer: (d) Between the pole of the mirror and its principal focus.

Question 3. Where should an object b. placed In front of a convex lens to get a real image of the size of the object? (a) At the principal focus of the lens (b) At twice the focal length (c) At infinity (d) Between the optical centre of the lens and its principal focus Answer: (b) At twice the focal length

Question 4. A spherical mirror and a thin spherical lens have each a focal length of 15 cm. The mirror and the lens are likely to be: (a) both concave (b) both convex (c) the mirror is concave, but the lens is convex (d) the mirror is convex, but the lens is concave Answer: (a) Both concave.

Question 5. No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your Image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be (a) plane (b) concave (c) convex (d) Either plane or convex Answer: (d) Either plane or convex.

Question 6. Which of the following lenses would you prefer to use while reading small letters found ¡n a dictionary? (a) A convex lens of focal length 50cm (b) A concave lens of focal length 50cm (c) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm (d) A concave lens of focal length 5 cm. Answer: (c) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm.

Question 8. Name the type of mirror used in the following situations. (a) Headlights of a car (b) Side/rear-view mirror of a vehicle (c) Solar furnace Support your answer with reason. Answer: (a) Concave mirror, to get powerful and parallel beams of light. (b) Convex mirror because it always gives an erect image and enables the driver to view much larger area. (c) Concave or parabolic mirror because it can concentrate sunlight at the focus to produce heat in the solar furnace.

Question 9. One half of a convex lens is covered with a black paper. Will this lens produce a complete image of the object? Verify your answer experimentally. Explain your observations. Answer: Yes, even when one half of the lens is covered with a black paper, complete image of the object will be formed. Take a convex lens and focus the light from a distant object onto a screen. As expected an image (sharp) is formed at a distance equal to the focal length Cover the lower or the upper half of the lens and focus the light from the same object onto the same screen. You will be able to get a sharp image again; however the brightness of the image will be less in the second case. The same effect w,ll be seen even if the lens is half covered with black strips.

Question 13. The magnification produced by a plane mirror is +1. What does this mean? Answer: This means that size of the image is equal to the size of the object.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) [1 mark each]

Question 1. Hold a highly polished steel spoon curved inwards close to your face and move it slowly away from your face. What will you observe? (a) Enlarged and erect image of your face (b) Smaller and inverted image of your face (c) Smaller and erect image of your face (d) Enlarged and inverted image of your face Answer: (b) The inner curved surface of a highly polished steel spoon acts as a concave mirror. When the spoon is at a small distance from the face such that, the object lies between pole and focus of concave mirror, so an enlarged and erect image of your face will be observed but as the spoon is slowly moved away from the face, the image becomes smaller and appears inverted.

Question 2. Which one of the following materials cannot be used to make a lens? [NCERT] (a) Water (b) Glass (c) Plastic (d) Clay Answer: (d) Clay can never be transparent, so it cannot be used to make lens.

Question 3. No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be [NCERT] (a) plane (b) concave (c) convex (d) either plane or convex Answer: (d) Plane mirrors and convex mirrors always form the erect images.

Question 4. The image formed by a concave mirror is observed to be virtual, erect and larger than the object. Where should be the position of the object? [NCERT] (a) Between principal focus and centre of curvature (b) At centre of curvature (c) Beyond centre of curvature (d) Between pole of the mirror and its principal focus Answer: (d)

Question 6. A spherical mirror and a thin spherical lens have each of a focal length -15 cm. The mirror and lens are likely to be [NCERT] (a) both concave (b) both convex (c) mirror is concave and lens is convex (d) mirror is convex and lens is concave Answer: (a) The focal length is taken as negative for both concave mirror and concave lens.

Question 8. Under which of the following conditions, a concave mirror can form an image larger than the actual object? [NCERT Exemplar] (a) When an object is kept at a distance equal to its radius of curvature (b) When an object is kept at a distance less than its focal length (c) When an object is placed between the focus and centre of curvature (d) When an object is kept at a distance greater than its radius of curvature Answer: (c) A concave mirror can form an image enlarged, real and inverted than the actual object, beyond centre of curvature (C) when object is placed between the focus (F) and centre of curvature.

Question 13. Which of the following statement is true? [NCERT Exemplar] (a) A convex lens has 4D power having a focal length 0.25 m (b) A convex lens has 4D power having a focal length -0.25 m (c) A concave lens has 4D power having a focal length 0.25 m (d) A concave lens has 4D power having a focal length -0.25 m Answer: (a) The power P of a lens of focal length f is given by P = 1/f, where f is the focal length in metre and P is the power in dioptre. P= 1/f or f = 1/P = 1/4 = 0.25 m

Question 14. Magnification produced by a rear view mirror fitted in vehicles [NCERT Exemplar] (a) is less than one (b) is more than one (c) is equal to one (d) can be more than or less than one depending upon the position of the object in front of it. Answer: (a) The convex mirror forms virtual, erect and diminished image of the object and rear view mirror also form same type of image. Therefore, magnification (m) produced by a rear view mirror fitted in vehicles is less than one, i.e. m < 1.

Question 15. Rays from the Sun converge at a point 15 cm in front of a concave mirror. Where should an object be placed, so that size of its image is equal to the size of the object? [NCERT Exemplar] (a) 15 cm in front of the mirror (b) 30 cm in front of the mirror (c) between 15 cm and 30 cm in front of the mirror (d) more than 30 cm in front of the mirror Answer: (b) The rays from the Sun, i.e. from infinity, are parallel to principal axis after reflection converge at a point is known as focus. Therefore, focal length if) of concave mirror is 15 cm. And we know that, same size, real and inverted image is formed by concave mirror when object is placed at focus 2 A or centre of curvature, so to form same size of image, object will be placed at 15 x 2 =30 cm.

Question 17. You are given water, mustard oil, glycerine and kerosene. In which of these media, a ray of light incident obliquely at same angle would bend the most? [NCERT Exemplar] (a) Kerosene (b) Water (c) Mustard oil (d) Glycerine Answer: (d) The given material having their refractive index as kerosene is 1.44, water is 1.33, mustard oil is 1.46 and glycerine is 1.74. Thus, glycerine is most optically denser and hence have the largest refractive index. Therefore, ray of light bend most in glycerine.

Question 18. A student placed a light bulb in midway between the two plane mirrors inclined at an angle of 60°. How many images will be observed by him? (a) 4 (b) 6 (c) 5 (d) 8 Answer: (c) Number of images formed by two plane mirrors inclined at an angle 60° when a light bulb is placed in midway between them is N = 360°/60° – 1 = 6 – 1 = 5

Question 19. Where should an object be placed in front of a convex lens to get a real image of the size of the object? [NCERT] (a) At the principal focus of the lens (b) At twice the focal length (c) At infinity (d) Between the optical centre of the lens and its principal focus Answer: (b) To set the real image of the size of the object, it should be placed at twice the focal length of a convex lens.

Question 20. Which of the following lenses would you prefer to use while reading small letters found in dictionary? [NCERT] (a) A convex lens of focal length 50 cm (b) A concave lens of focal length 50 cm (c) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm (d) A concave lens of focal length 5 cm Answer: (c) Convex lens is used as magnifying glass. For better performance its focal length should be small.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction (Hindi Medium)

LIGHT REFLECTION & REFRACTION Form of energy produces the sensation of vision in eyes. Light (EM waves wave-length 400 nm to 750 nm). The path of light (always travel in straight line) is ray of light

Characteristics of light

• Rectilinear propagation of light
• Light travels with a speed of 3 × 10 8 m/s in air/vaccum.
• Speed of light depends on the medium
• Light shows behaviour such as reflection, refraction, interference, diffraction, polarisation etc.

Law of Refraction Refraction of light:  Bending of light ray while passing from one medium to another medium

• A ray of light bends towards the normal, while going from rarer to denser medium
• And bends away from the normal while going from denser to rarer medium
• Refraction of light takes place because the speed of light is different in the two media

Total internal Reflection :  Ray totally reflected back to denser medium Phenomena based on TIR

• Mirage – optical illusion in deserts
• Looming – optical illusion in cold countries
• Optical fibre
• Brilliance of diamond

Necessary conditions for TIR (i )  Ray of light must travel from denser to rarer medium (ii)  ∠i > ∠c for two media

Critical angle (c)  Angle i in denser medium for which angle of refraction in rarer medium is 90° μ = \(\frac{1}{\sin C}\)

Snell’s law μ = \(\frac{\sin i}{\sin r}\) For two media 1 μ 2 = \(\frac{\mu_{2}}{\mu_{1}}=\frac{\sin i}{\sin r}\)

Reflection of light:  Turning back of light in the same medium after striking the reflecting surface or mirror

• After reflection, velocity, frequency and wavelength of light remains same but intensity decreases
• If reflection takes place from denser medium then phase change ‘π’

Regular Reflection

Reflection on smooth surface.

Diffuse  Reflection Reflection on rough surface.

Laws of Reflection

The incident ray the normal and the reflected ray all lie in the same plane The angle of incidence (i) is always equal to angle of reflection (r) i.e., ∠i = ∠r

Mirror formula \(\frac{1}{f}=\frac{1}{u}+\frac{1}{v}\) When two plane mirrors are held at an angle 9 with their reflecting surfaces facing each other and an object is placed between them, images are formed by successive reflections. . f concave = negative f convex = positive and f plane = ∞

Relation between focal length (f) and radius of curvature, R f = \(\frac{R}{2}\)

Magnification m = \(\frac{\mathrm{v}}{\mathrm{u}}=\frac{\text { height of image }}{\text { height of object }}\) m = \(\frac{f}{f-u}=\frac{f-v}{f}\)

The incident ray, the normal and the refracted ray all lie in the same plane Refractive index, μ = \(\frac{c}{v}=\frac{\text { real depth }}{\text { apparent depth }}\)

Plane Mirror

Is a looking glass, highly polished on one surface.

• Forms virtual and erect image
• Distance of object from mirror = distance of image from mirror.
• The size of the image is same as object.
• Image is laterally inverted.
• Used in kaleidoscope periscope, etc.

Concave Mirror Spherical glass polished on the outside. It is also known as a converging mirror.

• Images produced are always real, inverted, can be enlarged based on the position except when object is placed between pole and focus.
• Uses: Make-up and shaving mirrors, dentist mirror, in floodlight etc.

Image formation by a convex mirror for different positions of the object

Convex Mirror Spherical glass polished inside. It is also known as diverging mirror.

• It forms virtual, upright and small images.
• Uses: for security’ purposes, in vehicles as rear- view mirror and street lighting.

Image formation by a concave mirror for different positions of the object

Atmospheric Refraction

Earth’s atmosphere is thin at the top and dense at the bottom, thus leads to refraction of light, μ = c/v

• Twinkling of stars
• Advanced sunrise and delayed sunset

Refraction Through a Glass Slab x = \(\frac{t \sin (i-r)}{\cos r}\) ∴ x ∝ μ

Power of a lens

P = \(\frac{1}{f(\text { in metre })}\) Unit of power of lens is diopter (D) P convex → Positive P concave → Negative and P plane → Zero

Lens Piece of transparent material with two refracting surfaces, at least one is curved and refractive index should different as that of the surrounding.

Lens formula \(\frac{1}{f}=\frac{1}{v}-\frac{1}{u}\) f convex → negative f concave → positive and f plane → ∞

Concave Lens Cental portion of lens is thinner than marginal. It as also known as diverging lens.

Convex Lens Central portion of lens is thicker than marginal. It is also known us converging lens.

Magnification Ratio of distance of image to the distance of object from the optical centre. Also equal to height of image to the height of object m = \(\frac{\mathrm{I}}{\mathrm{o}}=\frac{\mathrm{v}}{\mathrm{u}}=\frac{\mathrm{h}_{\mathrm{I}}}{\mathrm{h}_{\mathrm{o}}}\)

Nature, position and relative size of the image formed by a concave lens for various position of the object

Nature, position and relative size of the image formed by a convex lens for various positions of the object

Now that you are provided all the necessary information regarding NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction  and we hope this detailed article on light reflection and refraction class 10 NCERT solutions is helpful. If you have any questions related to this article, kindly ask your questions through the comment section below and we will get back to you as soon as possible.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science All Chapters

• Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations
• Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts
• Chapter 3 Metals and Non-metals
• Chapter 4 Carbon and Its Compounds
• Chapter 5 Periodic Classification of Elements
• Chapter 6 Life Processes
• Chapter 7 Control and Coordination
• Chapter 8 How do Organisms Reproduce?
• Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution
• Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction
• Chapter 11 Human Eye and Colourful World
• Chapter 12 Electricity
• Chapter 13 Magnetic Effects of Electric Current
• Chapter 14 Sources of Energy
• Chapter 15 Our Environment
• Chapter 16 Management of Natural Resources

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Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light- Reflection and Refraction Study Notes

• Last modified on: 3 years ago
• Reading Time: 22 Minutes

What is Light ???

Light is the form of energy that enables us to see., properties of light.

• Electromagnetic wave, so does not require any medium to travel. • Light tends to travel in straight line. • Light has dual nature i.e., wave as well as particle. • Light casts shadow. • Speed of light is maximum in vacuum. Its value is 3 × 10^8 m/s. • When light falls on a surface, following may happen : (a) Reflection (b) Refraction (c) Absorption

Bouncing back of light when it strikes on a polished surface like mirror.

Laws of Reflection :

(1) Angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection. (2) The incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal at the point of incidence, all lie in the same plane.

It is a point where atleast two light rays actually meet or appear to meet.

Image Formed by Plane Mirror:

Characteristics of Image:

(i) Virtual and erect. (ii) Size of image is equal to the size of object. (iii) Image is formed as far behind the mirror as the object is in front of it. (iv) Laterally inverted.

Lateral Inversion :

The right side of the object appears left side of the image and vice-versa.

Application of lateral inversion :

The word AMBULANCE is written as so that it can be read correctly in rear view mirror of vehicles going in front of it.

Spherical Mirrors : Mirrors whose reflecting surface is curved.

• Reflecting surface is curved outwards.

• Diverging mirror

For Concave Mirror:

• Reflecting surface is curved inwards.

• Principal axis : The line joining the pole and center of curvature. • Pole (P) : The centre of the spherical mirror. • Aperture (MN) : It is the effective diameter of the spherical mirror. • Center of Curvature (C) : The centre of the hollow glass sphere of which the mirror was a part. • Radius of Curvature (R) : The distance between the pole and the centre of curvature. • Focus (F) : The point on principal axis where all the parallel light rays actually meet or appear to meet after reflection. • Focal length (f) : The distance between the pole and the focus.

Relationship between focal length and radius of curvature:

Rules for making ray diagrams by concave mirror:.

Ray diagrams for images formed by concave mirror

(i) When object is at infinity :

Image Position − At ‘F’ Nature – Real, inverted Size – Point sized or highly diminished

(ii) When object is beyond ‘C’

Image Position – Between ‘F’ and ‘C’ Nature – Real, inverted Size – Diminished

(iii) When object is at ‘C’

Image Position – At ‘C’ Nature – Real, inverted Size – Same size as that of object

(iv) When object is placed between ‘F’ and ‘C’

Image Position – Beyond ‘C’ Nature – Real, inverted Size – Enlarged

(v) When object is placed at ‘F’

Image Position – At Infinity Nature – Real, inverted Size – Highly enlarged

(vi) When object is between ‘P’ and ‘F’

Position – Behind the mirror Nature – Virtual, erect Size – Enlarged

Uses of Concave Mirror:

(i) Used in torches, search lights and vehicles headlights to get powerful parallel beam of light.

(ii) Concave mirrors are used by dentists to see large image of teeth of patients. (Teeth have to be placed between pole and focus).

(iii) Concave mirror is used as shaving mirror to see a larger image of the face. (iv) Large concave mirrors are used to concentrate sunlight to produce heat in solar furnace.

Rule for image formation by Convex Mirror:

Ray diagrams of images formed by convex mirror:

(i) When object is placed at infinity :

Image Position − At ‘F’ Nature – Virtual, erect Size – Point sized

(ii) When object is placed between pole and infinity

Image Position – Between ‘P’ and ‘F’ Nature – Virtual, erect Size – Diminished

• A full length image of a tall building/tree can be seen in a small convex mirror.

Uses of Convex Mirror:

(i) Convex mirrors are used as rear view mirrors in vehicles because

     (a) they always give an erect though diminished image. (b) they have a wider field of view as they are curved outwards.

(ii) Convex mirrors are used at blind turns and on points of merging traffic to facilitate vision of both side traffic. (iii) Used in shops as security mirror.

Sign Convention for Reflection by Spherical Mirror Or New Cartesian Sign Convention

(i) The object is placed to the left of the mirror.

(ii) All distances parallel to the principal axis are measured from the pole of the mirror.

(iii) All distances measured in the direction of incident ray (along + X-axis) are taken as positive and those measured against the direction of incident ray (along – X-axis) are taken as negative.

(iv) Distance measured perpendicular to and above the principal axis are taken as positive.

(v) Distances measured perpendicular to and below the principal axis are taken as negative.

• Object distance = ‘u’ is always negative. • Focal length of concave mirror = Negative • Focal length of convex mirror = Positive

Mirror Formula :

Magnification of Spherical Mirrors:

It is the ratio of height of the image to the height of the object.

• If ‘m’ is negative, image is real.
• If ‘m’ is positive, image is virtual.
• If hi = ho then m = 1, i.e., image is equal to object.
• If hi > hi then m > 1 i.e., image is enlarged.
• If hi < ho then m < 1 i.e., image is diminished.

Note: (1) Magnification of plane mirror is always + 1.       ‘+’ sign indicates virtual image.       ‘1’ indicates that image is equal to object’s size. (2) If ‘m’ is ‘+ve’ and less than 1, it is a convex mirror . (3) If ‘m’ is ‘+ve’ and more than 1, it is a concave mirror . (4) If ‘m’ is ‘-ve’, it is a concave mirror .

Check Your Knowledge

1. Magnification of plane mirror is + 1. What does it indicate ?

2. A real image, 1/5th size of object is formed at a distance of 18 cm from a mirror. What is the nature of the mirror ? Calculate its focal length.

3. Name the type of mirror used in the following and reason for using it :     (a) Solar furnace     (b) Rear view mirror in a vehicle

4. What should be the position of the object, when a concave mirror is used :     (a) as a shaving mirror ?     (b) in torches as reflecting mirror ?

5. (a) Define principal focus of a spherical mirror.    (b) For what position of the object does a concave mirror form a real, inverted and   diminished image of the object ? Draw the ray diagram.     (c) An object 4 cm high is placed at a distance of 6 cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 12 cm. Find the position of the image.

6. For what position of an object, a concave mirror forms a real image equal to size of object ?

7. Identify the nature of mirror and mention two characteristics of image formed when magnification m = + 6.

8. Suggest a method to find approximate focal length of a concave mirror.

9. Draw ray diagram when :     (a) object is placed between pole and focus of a concave mirror.     (b) object is placed at infinity from a convex mirror.

10. Name the type of spherical mirror which     (a) has positive focal length.     (b) always forms a virtual image.

Bending of light when it enters obliquely from one transparent medium to another.

Speed of light is maximum in vacuum. It is 3 × 10^8 m/s. • Cause of refraction : Change in speed of light.

(i) The bottom of swimming pool appears higher.

(ii) A pencil partially immersed in water appears to be bent at the interface of water and air.

(iii) Lemons placed in a glass tumbler appear bigger.

(iv) Letters of a book appear to be raised when seen through a glass slab.

Refraction through glass slab:

Laws of Refraction:

(i) The incident ray, the refracted ray and the normal to the interface of two transparent media at the point of incidence, all lie in the same plane.

(ii) Snell’s law : The ratio of sine of angle of incidence to the sine of angle of refraction is a constant, for a light of given colour and for a given pair of media.

Refractive index (n) : The ratio of speed of light in vaccum or air to the speed of light in a medium is called refractive index.

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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Class 10 NCERT Solutions

Ncert solutions for class 10 science chapters:.

Why do we prefer a convex mirror as a rear-view mirror in vehicles?

What is meant by power of a lens, what is absolute refractive index, when a convex lens will act as magnifying glass, which mirror give an erect and enlarged image of an object, contact form.

• [email protected]

Case Study Question 01

Read the following and answer any four questions from 1 to 5.

The refraction of light on going from one medium to another takes place according to two laws which are known as the laws of refraction of light. These laws are 1. The ratio of sine of angle of incidence to the sine of angle of refraction is always constant for the pair of media in contact. \frac{\sin i}{\sin r} = μ = constant This constant is called refractive index of the second medium with respect to the first medium. Refractive index is also defined as the ratio of speed of light in vacuum to the speed of light in medium. 2. The incident ray, refracted ray and normal all lie in the same plane. This law is called Snell’s law of refraction.

Question.1. When light travels from air to glass,

(a) angle of incidence > angle of refraction (b) angle of incidence < angle of refraction (c) angle of incidence = angle of refraction (d) can’t say

Question.2. When light travels from air to medium, the angle of incidence is 45° and angle of refraction is 30°. The refractive index of second medium with respect to the first medium is

(a) 1.41 (b) 1.50 (c) 1.23 (d) 1

Question.3. In which medium, the speed of light is minimum?

(a) Air (b) Glass (c) Water (d) Diamond

Question.4. If the refractive index of glass is 1.5 and speed of light in air is 3 \times 10^{8} m/s. The speed of light in glass is

(a) 2 \times 10^{8} m/s (b) 2.9 \times 10^{8} m/s (c) 4.5 \times 10^{8} m/s (d) 3 \times 10^{8} m/s

Question.5. Refractive index of a with respect to b is 2. Find the refractive index of b with respect to a.

(a) 0.4 (b) 0.5 (c) 0.25 (d) 2.

Ans.1. (a) According to Snell’s law of refraction, \frac{\sin i}{\sin r} >1 or i > r Ans.2. (a) As, _{1}\mu^{2}=\frac{\sin i}{\sin r} ⇒ \frac{\sin 45°}{\sin 30°}=\frac{\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}}{\frac{1}{2}}= 1.41 Ans.3. (d) As diamond has maximum value of refractive index, therefore it has minimum speed of light in medium. Ans.4. (a) As, \mu_{glass}= 1.5, c= 3\times 10^{8} m/s ⇒ \mu = \frac{c}{v} ⇒ 1.5 = \frac{3\times 10^{8}}{v} ⇒ v = 2\times 10^{8} m/s Ans.5. (b) Given, refractive index of a with respect to b is _{b}\mu^{a}=2 Therefore, Refractive index of b with respect to a is \frac{1}{_{b}\mu^{a}} ⇒ _{a}\mu^{b}=\frac{1}{2} =0.5

Case Study Question 02

Question.1. Which of the following lenses would you prefer to use while reading small letters found in dictionary?

(a) A convex lens of focal length 50 cm (b) A concave lens of focal length 50 cm (c) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm (d) A concave lens of focal length 5 cm

(a) Plano concave, concavo convex (b) Plano convex, convexo concave (c) Double concave, concave convex (d) Convexo concave, double convex

Question.3. A small bulb is placed at the focal point of a converging lens. When the bulb is switched on, the lens produces

(a) a convergent beam of light (b) a divergent beam of light (c) a parallel beam of light (d) a patch of coloured light.

Question.4. The part of lens through which the refraction takes place is called

(a) aperture (b) centre of curvature (c) principal axis (d) focus

Question.5. A water drop acts as a

(a) convex lens (b) concave lens (c) double concave lens (d) none of these

Ans.1. (c) Convex lens is used as magnifying glass. For better performance its focal length should be small. Ans.2. (a) Ans.3. (c) Ans.4. (a) A aperture is the area of the lens available for refraction. Ans.5. (a) Water droplets behave like a convex lens only as refraction takes place on outer surface.

Case Study Question 03

The lenses forms different types of images when object placed at different locations. When a ray is incident parallel to the principal axis, then after refraction, it passes through the focus or appears to come from the focus. When a ray goes through the optical centre of the lens, it passes without any deviation.

If the object is placed between focus and optical center of the convex lens, erect and magnified image is formed. As the object is brought closer to the convex lens from infinity to focus, the image moves away from the convex lens from focus to infinity. Also the size of image goes on increasing and the image is always real and inverted. A concave lens always gives a virtual, erect and diminished image irrespective to the position of the object.

Question.1. The location of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at infinity is

(a) at focus (b) at 2F (c) at optical center (d) between F and 2F

Question.2. When the object is placed at the focus of concave lens, the image formed is

(a) real and smaller (b) virtual and inverted (c) virtual and smaller (d) real and erect

Question.3. The size of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at the focus of convex lens is

(a) small (b) point in size (c) highly magnified (d) same as that of object

Question.4. When the object is placed at 2F in front of convex lens, the location of image is

(a) at F (b) at 2F on the other side (c) at infinity (d) between F and optical center

Question.5. At which location of object in front of concave lens, the image between focus and optical centre is formed

(a) anywhere between centre and infinity (c) at 2F (b) at F (d) infinity

Ans.1. (a) When an object is placed at infinity of convex lens, image will be formed at focus F. Ans.2. (b) Virtual and inverted image is formed, when object is placed at focus of the concave lens. Ans.3. (c) When object is placed at focus of a convex lens, highly enlarged or magnified image is formed. Ans.4. (b) When an object is placed at distance 2F in front of a convex lens, then the image formed is at a distance 2F on the other of the lens. Ans.5. (a) Image if formed between focus and optical centre when the object is placed anywhere between optical centre and infinity.

Case Study Question 04

The relationship between the distance of object from the lens ( u ), distance of image from the lens ( v ) and the focal length ( f ) of the lens is called lens formula. It can be written as \frac{1}{f}=\frac{1}{v}-\frac{1}{u} The size of image formed by a lens depends on the position of the object from the lens. A lens of short focal length has more power whereas a lens of long focal length has less power. When the lens is convex, the power is positive and for concave lens, the power is negative. The magnification produced by a lens is the ratio of height of image to the height of object as the size of the image relative to the object is given by linear magnification ( m ). When, m is negative, image formed is real and when m is positive, image formed is virtual. If m<1 , size of image is smaller than the object. If m>1 , size of image is larger than the object.

Question.1. An object 4 cm in height is placed at a distance of 10 cm from a convex lens of focal length 20 cm. The position of image is

(a) – 20 cm (b) 20 cm (c) -10 cm (d) 10 cm

Question.2. In the above question, the size of image is

(a) 16 cm (b) 8 cm (c) 4 cm (d) 2 cm

Question.3. An object is placed 50 cm from a concave lens and produces a virtual image at a distance of 10 cm infront of lens. The focal length of lens is

(a) -25 cm (b) -12.5 cm (c) 12.5 cm (d) 10 cm

Question.4. A convex lens forms an image of magnification -2 of the height of image is 6 cm, the height of object is

(a) 6 cm (b) 4 cm (c) 3 cm (d) 2 cm

Question.5. A concave lens of focal length 5 cm, the power of lens is

(a) 20 D (b) -20 D (c) 90 D (d) -5 D

Ans.1. (a) Given, f = 20 cm , u = -10 cm Using, \frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{v}- \frac{1}{u} ⇒ \frac{1}{20} = \frac{1}{(v)} – \frac{1}{-10} ⇒ v = -20 cm Ans.2. (b) As, m = \frac{v}{u}= \frac{-20}{-10}=2 Therefore, m = \frac{h_{2}}{h_{1}} ⇒ 2 = \frac{h_{2}}{4} ⇒ h_{2} = 8 cm Ans.3. (b) Here u = -50 cm, v = 10 cm, v = 10 cm, f = ? Using, \frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{10}- \frac{1}{50} ⇒ f = -12.5 cm Ans.4. (c) Here, m = -2 , h_{2} = -6 cm, h_{1} = ? As, m = \frac{h_{2}}{h_{1}} ⇒ -2 = \frac{-6}{h_{1}} ⇒ h_{1} = 3 cm Ans.5. (b) As P = \frac{1}{f} (Since, f = 5 cm) ⇒ P = \frac{-1}{0.05 m}=-20 D

Case Study Question 05

The curved surface of a spoon can be considered as a spherical mirror. A highly smooth polished surface is called mirror. The mirror whose reflecting surface is curved inwards or outwards is called a spherical mirror. Inner part works as a concave mirror and the outer bulging part acts as a convex mirror. The center of the reflecting surface of a spherical mirror is called pole and the radius of the sphere of which the mirror is formed is called radius of curvature.

Question.1. When a concave mirror is held towards the sun and its sharp image is formed on a piece of carbon paper for some time, a hole is burnt in the carbon paper. What is the name given to the distance between the mirror and carbon paper?

(a) Radius of curvature (c) Principal focus (b) Focal length (d) Principal axis

Question.2. The distance between pole and focal point of a spherical mirror is equal to the distance between

(a) pole and center of curvature (b) focus point and center of curvature (c) pole and object (d) object and image.

Question.3. The focal length of a mirror is 15 cm. The radius of curvature is

(a) 15 cm (b) 30 cm (c) 45 cm (d) 60 cm

Question.4. The normal at any point on the mirror passes through

(a) focus (b) pole (c) center of curvature (d) any point

Question.5. In a convex spherical mirror, reflection of light takes place at

(a) a flat surface (b) a bent-in surface (c) a bulging-out surface (d) an uneven surface

Case Study Question 06

The spherical mirror forms different types of images when the object is placed at different locations. When the image is formed on screen, the image is real and when the image does not form on screen, the image is virtual. When the two reflected rays meet actually, the image is real and when they appear to meet, the image is virtual. A concave mirror always forms a real and inverted image for different positions of the object. But if the object is placed between the focus and pole, the image formed is virtual and erect. A convex mirror always forms a virtual, erect and diminished image. A concave mirror is used as doctor’s head mirror to focus light on body parts like eyes, ears, nose etc., to be examined because it can form erect and magnified image of the object. The convex mirror is used as a rear view mirrors in automobiles because it can form an small and erect image of an object.

Question.1. When an object is placed at the centre of curvature of a concave mirror, the image formed is

(a) larger than the object (b) smaller than the object (c) same size as that of the object (d) highly enlarged.

Question.2. No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be

(a) plane (b) concave (c) convex (d) either plane or convex.

Question.3. A child is standing in front of a magic mirror. She finds the image of her head bigger, the middle portion of her body of the same size and that of the legs smaller. The following is the order of combinations for the magic mirror from the top.

(a) Plane, convex and concave (b) Convex, concave and plane (c) Concave, plane and convex (d) Convex, plane and concave

Question.4. To get an image larger than the object, one can use

(a) convex mirror but not a concave mirror (b) a concave mirror but not a convex mirror (c) either a convex mirror or a concave mirror (d) a plane mirror.

Question.5. A convex mirror has wider field of view because

(a) the image formed is much smaller than the object and large number of images can be seen. (b) the image formed is much closer to the mirror (c) both (a) and (b) (d) none of these.

Case Study Question 07

The relation between distance of an object from the mirror ( u ), distance of image from the mirror ( v ) and the focal length ( f ) is called mirror formula. This formula is valid in all situations for all spherical mirrors for all positions of the object. The size of image formed by a spherical mirror depends on the position of the object from the mirror. The image formed by a spherical mirror can be bigger than the object, equal to the object or smaller than the object. The size of the image relative to the object is given by the linear magnification (m). Thus, the magnification is given by the ratio of height of image to the height of object. If magnification is negative, image is real and if it is positive, image is virtual.

Question.1. What is the position of an image when an object is placed at a distance of 20 cm from a concave mirror of focal length 20 cm?

(a) 5 cm (b) 20 cm (c) 10 cm (d) infinity

(a) Figure A (b) Figure B (c) Figure C (d) Figure D

Question.3. If the magnification of an image is -2, the characteristic of image will be

(a) real and inverted (b) virtual and enlarged (c) virtual and inverted (d) real and small

Question.4. The mirror formula holds for

(a) concave mirror (b) convex mirror (c) plane mirror (d) all of these

Question.5. A parallel beam of light is made to fall on a concave mirror. An image is formed at a distance of 7.5 from the mirror. The focal length of the mirror is

(a) 15 cm (b) 7.5 cm (c) 3.75 cm (d) 10 cm

Ans.1. (d) When an object is placed at the focus of a concave mirror, the image is formed at infinity. Ans.2. (d) When a light ray parallel to the principal axis is incident on a concave mirror, it passes through the principal focus after reflection. Therefore, figure D is correct. Ans.3. (a) If m is negative, the image will be real and inverted. Ans.4. (d) Ans.5. (b) The distance of object from mirror = ∞ Using, \frac{1}{v}+ \frac{1}{u}= \frac{1}{f} ⇒ \frac{1}{∞}- \frac{1}{(-7.5)}= \frac{1}{f} ⇒ f = 7.5 cm

Case Study Question 08

Question.1. When light travels from air to glass, the ray of light bends

(a) towards the normal (b) away from normal (c) anywhere (d) none of these

Question.2. A ray of light passes from a medium A to another medium B. No bending of light occurs if the ray of light hits the boundary of medium B at an angle of

(a) 0° (b) 45° (c) 90° (d) 120°

Question.3. When light passes from one medium to another, the frequency of light

(a) increases (b) decreases (c) remains same (d) none of these

Question.4. When light passes from glass to water, the speed of light

(a) increases (b) decreases (c) remains same (d) first increases then decrease

Question.5. The bottom of pool filled with water appears to be __________ due to refraction of light.

(a) shallower (b) deeper (c) at same depth (d) empty

Ans.1. (a) When, a ray of light travels from air to glass, it bends towards the normal. Ans.2. (c) No bending of light occurs when light is incident normally or perpendicularly on a boundary of two media since angle of incidence and angle of refraction both are zero. Ans.3. (c) When light goes from one medium to other medium, its frequency does not change. Ans.4. (a) The speed to light increases when light passes from glass to water as water is optically rarer medium. Ans.5. (a) The bottom of a pool of water appears to be less deep than it actually is due to refraction.

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• NCERT Solutions
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• Chapter 10 Light Reflection And Refraction

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10: Light Reflection and Refraction

Ncert solutions class 10 science chapter 10 – cbse free pdf download.

* According to the CBSE Syllabus 2023-24, this chapter has been renumbered as Chapter 9.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction is structured in a way to present a comprehensible coverage of scientific topics related to our daily life. Basic science has been laid out to students with no sharp divisions in disciplines such as Physics, Chemistry and Biology. NCERT is accepted and recommended throughout schools in the nation. Following are a few reasons to rely on NCERT Solutions :

• The tricky questions inserted between chapters force students to think out of the box and apply the concepts learned in the chapter.
• NCERT Solutions provide you with detailed solutions to the chapter questions that help you fetch marks in the CBSE exams.

Download Exclusively Curated Chapter Notes for Class 10 Science Chapter – 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

Download most important questions for class 10 science chapter – 10 light reflection and refraction.

NCERT Solutions are popular among students, especially for Science and Mathematics. NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 – Light Reflection and Refraction provided here consists of well-explained solutions to all the questions asked in the textbook. Get your hands on the comprehensive NCERT Solutions for Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction, here, for free!

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Access Chapter-wise NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science – Light Reflection and Refraction

Questions Page: 168

1. Define the principal focus of a concave mirror.

Light rays that are parallel to the principal axis of a concave mirror converge at a specific point on its principal axis after reflecting from the mirror. This point is called the principal focus of the concave mirror.

2. The radius of curvature of a spherical mirror is 20 cm. What is its focal length?

Radius of curvature (R) = 20 cm

Radius of curvature of the spherical mirror = 2 × Focal length (f)

f= R/2 = 20 / 2 = 10

Therefore, the focal length of the spherical mirror is 10 cm.

3. Name the mirror that can give an erect and enlarged image of an object.

The mirror that can give an erect and enlarged image of an object is a Concave Mirror.

4. Why do we prefer a convex mirror as a rear-view mirror in vehicles?

A convex mirror is preferred as a rear-view mirror in cars and vehicles as it gives a wider field of view, which helps the driver see most of the traffic behind him. Convex mirrors always form an erect, virtual, and diminished image of the objects placed in front of it.

Page No: 171

1. Find the focal length of a convex mirror whose radius of curvature is 32 cm.

Radius of curvature (R) = 32 cm

Radius of curvature = 2 × Focal length (f)

f = R/2 = 32/2 = 16

Therefore, the focal length of the given convex mirror is 16 cm.

2. A concave mirror produces three times magnified (enlarged) real image of an object placed at 10 cm in front of it. Where is the image located?

Magnification produced by a spherical mirror:

Object distance (u) = – 10 cm

v = 3 × (- 10) = – 30 cm

Therefore, the negative sign indicates that an inverted image is formed in front of the given concave mirror at a distance of 30 cm.

Page No: 176

1. A ray of light travelling in air enters obliquely into water. Does the light ray bend towards the normal or away from the normal? Why?

The light ray bends towards the normal. When a light ray enters from an optically rarer medium (which has a low refractive index) to an optically denser medium (which has a high refractive index), its speed slows down and bends towards the normal. As water is optically denser than air, a ray of light entering from air into water will bend towards the normal.

2. Light enters from air to glass, having a refractive index 1.50. What is the speed of light in the glass? The speed of light in vacuum is 3 x 10 8 ms -1 .

Refractive index of a medium (nm) = Speed of light in vacuum/Speed of light in the medium

Speed of light in vacuum (c) = 3 × 10 8 m/s

Refractive index of glass (ng) = 1.50

Speed of light in the glass (v) = Speed of light in vacuum/ Refractive index of glass

=3 × 10 8 /1.50 = 2x 10 8 ms -1 .

3. Find out, from the table, the medium having the highest optical density. Also, find the medium with the lowest optical density.

Lowest optical density = Air

Highest optical density = Diamond

The optical density of a medium is directly related to its refractive index. A medium with the highest refractive index will have the highest optical density and vice-versa.

It can be observed from the table that air and diamond, respectively have the lowest and highest refractive index. Hence, air has the lowest optical density and diamond has the highest optical density.

4. You are given kerosene, turpentine and water. In which of these does the light travel fastest? Use the information given in the table.

Light travels faster in water as compared to kerosene & turpentine, as the refractive index of water is lower than that of kerosene and turpentine. The speed of light is inversely proportional to the refractive index.

5. The refractive index of diamond is 2.42. What is the meaning of this statement?

A diamond has a refractive index of 2.42, which means that the speed of light in a diamond will reduce by a factor of 2.42 as compared to its speed in the air.

In other words, the speed of light in a diamond is 1/2.42 times the speed of light in a vacuum.

Page No: 184

1. Define 1 dioptre of power of a lens.

Dioptre is the SI unit of power of lens is denoted by the letter D. 1 dioptre can be defined as the power of a lens of focal length 1 metre.

2. A convex lens forms a real and inverted image of a needle at a distance of 50 cm from it. Where is the needle placed in front of the convex lens if the image is equal to the size of the object? Also, find the power of the lens.

The position of the image should be at 2F since the image is real and the same size.

It is given that the image of the needle is formed at a distance of 50 cm from the convex lens. Therefore, the needle is placed in front of the lens at a distance of 50 cm.

Object distance (u) = – 50 cm

Image distance, (v) = 50 cm

Focal length = f

According to the lens formula,

3. Find the power of a concave lens of focal length 2 m.

The focal length of the concave lens (f) = 2 m

Power of lens (P) = 1/f = 1/ (-2) = -0.5D

Page No: 185

1. Which one of the following materials cannot be used to make a lens?

(c) Plastic

Answer –

(d) Clay cannot be used to make a lens because if the lens is made up of clay, the light rays cannot pass through it

2. The image formed by a concave mirror is observed to be virtual, erect and larger than the object. Where should be the position of the object?

(a) Between the principal focus and the centre of curvature

(b) At the centre of curvature

(c) Beyond the centre of curvature

(d) Between the pole of the mirror and its principal focus.

(d) The position of the object should be between the pole of the mirror and its principal focus.

3. Where should an object be placed in front of a convex lens to get a real image of the size of the object?

(a) At the principal focus of the lens

(b) At twice the focal length

(c) At infinity

(d) Between the optical centre of the lens and its principal focus.

(b) The object should be placed at twice the focal length

4. A spherical mirror and a thin spherical lens have a focal length of -15 cm. The mirror and the lens are likely to be

(a) both concave

(b) both convex

(c) the mirror is concave, and the lens is convex

(d) the mirror is convex, but the lens is concave

(a) Both are likely to be concave.

Page No: 186

5. No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be

(b) concave

(d) either plane or convex

(d) The mirrors are likely to be either plane or convex

6. Which of the following lenses would you prefer to use while reading small letters found in a dictionary?

(a) A convex lens of focal length 50 cm

(b) A concave lens of focal length 50 cm

(c) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm

(d) A concave lens of focal length 5 cm

(c) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm can be used while reading small letters found in a dictionary

7. We wish to obtain an erect image of an object, using a concave mirror of focal length 15 cm. What should be the range of distance of the object from the mirror? What is the nature of the image? Is the image larger or smaller than the object? Draw a ray diagram to show the image formation in this case.

Range of the distance of the object = 0 to 15 cm from the pole of the mirror.

Nature of the image = virtual, erect, and larger than the object.

8. Name the type of mirror used in the following situations.

(a) Headlights of a car

(b) Side/rear-view mirror of a vehicle

(c) Solar furnace

Support your answer with a reason.

(a) Concave Mirror: Concave mirrors can produce a powerful parallel beam of light when the light source is placed at their principal focus.

(b) Convex Mirror: Because of its largest field of view.

(c) Concave Mirror: Because it concentrates the parallel rays of the sun at a principal focus.

9. One-half of a convex lens is covered with black paper. Will this lens produce a complete image of the object? Verify your answer experimentally. Explain your observations.

Yes, it will produce a complete image of the object, as shown in the figure. This can be verified experimentally by observing the image of a distant object, like a tree on a screen, when the lower half of the lens is covered with black paper. However, the intensity or brightness of the image will reduce.

10. An object 5 cm in length is held 25 cm away from a converging lens of focal length 10 cm. Draw the ray diagram and find the position, size and nature of the image formed.

Height of the object, h 0 = 5 cm

Distance of the object from converging lens, u = -25 cm

Focal length of a converging lens, f = 10 cm

Using the lens formula,

Thus, the image is inverted and formed at a distance of 16.7 cm behind the lens and measures 3.3 cm. The ray diagram is shown below.

11. A concave lens of focal length 15 cm forms an image 10 cm from the lens. How far is the object placed from the lens? Draw the ray diagram.

Focal length of concave lens (OF 1 ), f = – 15 cm

Image distance, v= – 10 cm

The negative value of u indicates that the object is placed 30 cm in front of the lens. This is shown in the following ray diagram.

12. An object is placed at a distance of 10 cm from a convex mirror of focal length 15 cm. Find the position and nature of the image.

Focal length of convex mirror (f) = +15 cm

According to the mirror formula,

The image is located at a distance of 6 cm from the mirror on the other side of the mirror.

The positive and a value of less than 1 magnification indicates that the image formed is virtual, erect, and diminished.

13. The magnification produced by a plane mirror is +1. What does this mean?

The positive sign means an image formed by a plane mirror is virtual and erect. Since the magnification is 1, it means that the size of the image is equal to the size of the object.

14. An object 5 cm is placed at a distance of 20 cm in front of a convex mirror of radius of curvature 30 cm. Find the position, nature and size of the image.

Object distance (u) = – 20 cm

Object height (h) = 5 cm

Radius of curvature (R) = 30 cm

Radius of curvature = 2 × Focal length

The positive value of image height indicates that the image formed is erect.

Hence, the image formed is erect, virtual, and smaller in size.

15. An object of size 7.0 cm is placed at 27 cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 18 cm. At what distance from the mirror should a screen be placed so that a sharply focused image can be obtained? Find the size and nature of the image.

Object distance (u) = – 27 cm

Object height (h) = 7 cm

Focal length (f) = – 18 cm

The negative value of image height indicates that the image formed is inverted.

16. Find the focal length of a lens of power -2.0 D. What type of lens is this?

Power of lens (P) = 1/f

f = -1/2 = -0.5 m

A concave lens has a negative focal length. Therefore, it is a concave lens.

17. A doctor has prescribed a corrective lens of power +1.5 D. Find the focal length of the lens. Is the prescribed lens diverging or converging?

f = 1/1.5 = 10/15 = 0.66 m

A convex lens has a positive focal length. Therefore, it is a convex lens or a converging lens.

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 10 – Light Reflection and Refraction

Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction are one of the important chapters in Class 10 Science, and the expected marks weightage of the chapter, according to the latest marking scheme is 7 marks. In Chapter 10 of Class 10 Science, students will get well-versed in light phenomena such as refraction and reflection. One will learn about spherical mirrors, image formation and to draw ray diagrams.

Topics covered in this chapter:

• Reflection of Light
• Spherical Mirrors
• Image Formation by Spherical Mirrors
• Representation of Images Formed by Spherical Mirrors Using Ray Diagram – 4 Questions (2 short, 2 long)
• Mirror Formula and Magnification – 2 Questions (2 Numerical)
• Refraction of Light – 5 Questions (1 numerical, 2 Long answers and 1 Short answer)
• Power of Lens – 3 Questions (2 Short answers and 1 numerical)

Have you ever wondered what makes things visible to us? The answer to the question is light. During the day, it is sunlight that helps us see objects. When light falls on an object, it reflects. This reflected ray, when received by our eyes, helps us see things. Numerous wonderful phenomena are associated with light, such as the formation of the rainbow, of stars, and many more. In Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction of Class 10 Science, let us study the phenomena of refraction and reflection using straight-line propagation of light. We shall also try to understand the reflection of light by spherical mirrors in this chapter using the NCERT Solutions from BYJU’S.

Key Features of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 – Light Reflection and Refraction:

• Provides comprehensive answers to all the questions asked in the chapter
• The language used is lucid and can be understood by all
• The information provided is genuine and appropriate
• These solutions can be referred for CBSE exams, Olympiads and other competitive exams
• Concise answers are provided to help students understand better

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RD Sharma Solutions , RS Aggarwal Solutions and NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

July 13, 2020 by Veerendra

These Solutions are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science . Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction. Learn Insta provides you the Free PDF download of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science (Physics) Chapter 10 – Light Reflection and Refraction solved by Expert Teachers as per NCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines. All Chapter 10 – Light Reflection and Refraction Exercise Questions with Solutions to help you to revise complete Syllabus and Score More marks.

NCERT Questions

In Text Book Questions

Question 1. Define the principal focus of a concave mirror. Answer: A point on the principal axis where the parallel rays of light after reflecting from a concave mirror meet.

More Resources

• NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science
• NCERT Exemplar Solutions for Class 10 Science
• HOTS Questions for Class 10 Science
• Value Based Questions in Science for Class 10
• Previous Year Question Papers for CBSE Class 10 Science

Question 3. Name a mirror that can give an erect and magnified image of an object. Answer: A concave mirror.

Question 4. Why do we prefer a convex mirror as a rear-view mirror in vehicles ? [CBSE (All India) 2007, 2011, 2012] Answer: This is because a convex mirror forms an erect and diminished (small in size) images of the objects behind the vehicle and hence the field of view behind the vehicle is increased.

Question 5. Find the focal length of a convex mirror whose radius of curvature is 32 cm. Answer: R = +32 cm. Therefore, f = R/2 = +32/2 = +16 cm. Thus, focal length of the convex mirror = +16 cm.

Question 6. A concave mirror produces three times magnified (enlarged) real image of an object placed at 10 cm in front of it. Where is the image located ? Answer: m – -3, But m = -v/u, so v = 3u u = -10 cm v = 3 (-10 cm) =-30 cm Thus, the image is located at a distance of 30 cm to the left side of the concave mirror.

Question 7. A ray of light travelling in air enters obliquely into water. Does the light ray bend towards the normal or away from the normal ? Why ? Answer: The ray of light bends towards the normal because the speed of light decreases when it goes from air (rarer medium) into water (denser medium).

Question 9. You are given kerosene, turpentine and water. In which of these does the light travel faster ? Answer: We know, v = c/n. Refractive index (n) of water is 1.333, whereas refractive index of kerosene is 1.44 and that of turpentine is 1.47. As refractive index of water is least, so speed of light in water is more than in kerosene and turpentine. Hence, light travels faster in water.

Question 11. Define 1 dioptre of power of a lens. Answer: Power = I/f (in m). Power of a lens is 1 dioptre if focal length of the lens is 1 metre or 100 cm.

NCERT Chapter End Exercises

Question 1. Which one of the following materials cannot be tised to make a lens 1 (a) water (b) glass (c) plastic (d) clay. Answer: (d). This is because clay is opaque (i.e. light cannot pass through it).

Question 2. The image formed by a concave mirror is observed to be virtual, erect and larger than the object. Where should be the position of the object ? (a) between the principal focus and the centre of curvature (b) at the centre of curvature (c) beyond the centre of curvature (d) between the pole of the mirror and its principal focus. Answer: (d).

Question 3. Where should an object be placed in front of a convex lens to get a real image of the size of the object ? (Bihar Board 2012) (a) at the principal focus of the lens (b) at twice the focal length (c) at infinity (d) between the optical centre of the lens and its principal focus. Answer: (b).

Question 4. A spherical mirror and a thin spherical lens have each a focal length of — 15 cm. The mirror and the lens are likely to be (a) both are concave (b) both are convex (c) the mirror is concave and the lens is convex (d) the mirror is convex but the lens is concave. Answer: (a).

Question 5. No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be (a) plane only (b) concave only (c) convex only (d) either plane or convex. Answer: (d).

Question 6. Which of the following lenses would you prefer to use while reading small letters found in a dictionary ? (a) a convex lens of focal length 50 cm (b) a concave lens of focal length 50 cm (c) a convex lens of focal length 5 cm (d) a concave lens of focal length 5 cm. Answer: (c). Magnifying power of a reading glass (Convex lens) = 1/f.

Question 7. We wish to obtain an erect image of an object, using a concave mirror of focal length 15 cm. What should be the range of distance of the object from the mirror ? What is the nature of the image ? Is the image larger or smaller than the object ? Draw a ray diagram to show the image formation in this case. Answer: A concave mirror produces an erect image if the object is placed between the pole and the focus of the concave mirror. Thus, object may be placed at any position whose distance is less than 15 cm from the concave mirror. The image is virtual and erect. The image is larger than the object. For a ray diagram, see figure 24.

Question 8. Name the type of mirror used in the following situations : (a) head lights of a car (b) side rear view mirror of a vehicle (c) solar furnace. Support your answer with reason. (CBSE 2012, 2013) Answer: (a) Concave mirror. When a bulb is placed at the focus of a concave mirror, then the beam of light from the bulb after reflection from the concave mirror goes as a parallel beam which lights up the front road. (b) Convex mirror. Image formed by a convex mirror is erect and small in size. The field of view behind the vehicle is large. (c) Concave mirror. Concave mirror focuses rays of light coming from the sun at its focus. So, the temperature at the focus is raised.

Practical Skills Based Questions (2 Marks)

Get 100 percent accurate NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 (Light Reflection and Refraction) explained by expert Science teachers. We provide step by step solutions for the questions given in Class 10 Science textbook as per CBSE Board guidelines from the latest NCERT book for Class 10 Science. The topics and sub-topics in  Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

• 10.1 REFLECTION OF LIGHT
• 10.2 SPHERICAL MIRRORS
• 10.2.1 Image Formation by Spherical Mirrors
• 10.2.2 Representation of Images Formed by Spherical Mirrors Using Ray Diagrams
• 10.2.3 Sign Convention for Reflection by Spherical Mirrors
• 10.2.4 Mirror Formula and Magnification
• 10.3 REFRACTION OF LIGHT
• 10.3.1 Refraction through a Rectangular Glass Slab
• 10.3.2 The Refractive Index
• 10.3.3 Refraction by Spherical Lenses
• 10.3.4 Image Formation by Lenses
• 10.3.5 Image Formation in Lenses Using Ray Diagrams
• 10.3.6 Sign Convention for Spherical Lenses
• 10.3.7 Lens Formula and Magnification
• 10.3.8 Power of a Lens.

We cover all exercises in the chapter given below:-

• EXERCISE 10.1 – 4 Questions with Solutions
• EXERCISE 10.2 – 2 Questions with Solutions
• EXERCISE 10.3 – 5 Questions with Solutions
• EXERCISE 10.4 – 3 Questions with Solutions
• EXERCISE 10.5 – 17 Questions with Solutions.

Download the free PDF of Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction or save the solution images and take the print out to keep it handy for your exam preparation.

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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Updated for 2024-25

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 are available to download. Light Reflection and Refraction is organized in such a way that it covers a wide range of scientific topics that are relevant to our daily lives. Students have been taught basic science with no clear distinctions between areas such as physics, chemistry, and biology. NCERT is widely used and recommended in schools around the country. The following are some of the benefits of using NCERT Solutions :

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• The challenging questions interspersed between chapters encourage students to think outside the box and apply what they’ve learned in the chapter.
• NCERT Solutions give you complete answers to chapter questions that will help you pass the CBSE Term I exams.

Class 10 Science ch light NCERT solution are widely used by students, particularly in Science and Mathematics. Here you will find NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 – Light Reflection and Refraction , which includes well-explained answers to all of the questions from the textbook. Get the whole NCERT Solutions for Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction for free right here!

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Class 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Question Answer

Here are all the to class 10 Light Reflection and Refraction question answer improve your understanding:

Class 10 Science Ch Light EXERCISES Question Answers Page No. 168

1. Which one of the following materials cannot be used to make a lens?

(c) Plastic

Ans. (d) Clay

Reason: Clay is not a suitable material for making lenses due to its properties. Lenses are typically made from materials like glass, plastic, or even water, but clay lacks the necessary optical characteristics required for lens functionality.

2. The image formed by a concave mirror is observed to be virtual, erect and larger than the object. Where should be the position of the object?

(a) Between the principal focus and the centre of curvature

(b) At the centre of curvature

(c) Beyond the centre of curvature

(d) Between the pole of the mirror and its principal focus.

Ans. (c) Beyond the centre of curvature

Reason: When the image formed by a concave mirror is virtual, erect, and larger than the object, the object must be positioned beyond the centre of curvature. This specific positioning results in the described characteristics of the image formed by the concave mirror.

3. Where should an object be placed in front of a convex lens to get a real image of the size of the object?

(a) At the principal focus of the lens

(b) At twice the focal length

(c) At infinity

(d) Between the optical centre of the lens and its principal focus.

Ans. (b) At twice the focal length

Reason: To obtain a real image of the size of the object with a convex lens, the object should be placed at twice the focal length of the lens. This positioning results in the formation of a real image that is the same size as the object.

4. A spherical mirror and a thin spherical lens have a focal length of -15 cm. The mirror and the lens are likely to be

(a) both concave

(b) both convex

(c) the mirror is concave, and the lens is convex

(d) the mirror is convex, but the lens is concave

Ans. (c) the mirror is concave, and the lens is convex

Reason: Given that the focal length is negative (-15 cm), the mirror is concave, and the lens is convex. This is because the sign convention for focal length distinguishes between concave (negative focal length) and convex (positive focal length) mirrors and lenses.

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5. No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be

(b) concave

(d) either plane or convex

Ans. (a) plane

Reason: If your image appears erect regardless of the distance from the mirror, the mirror is likely to be a plane mirror. Plane mirrors always produce virtual and erect images of objects.

6. Which of the following lenses would you prefer to use while reading small letters found in a dictionary?

(a) A convex lens of focal length 50 cm

(b) A concave lens of focal length 50 cm

(c) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm

(d) A concave lens of focal length 5 cm

Ans. (c) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm

Reason: To read small letters found in a dictionary, a convex lens with a shorter focal length (5 cm) would be preferred. A shorter focal length lens provides greater magnification, making it easier to read small letters with clarity.

7. We wish to obtain an erect image of an object, using a concave mirror of focal length 15 cm. What should be the range of distance of the object from the mirror? What is the nature of the image? Is the image larger or smaller than the object? Draw a ray diagram to show the image formation in this case.

8. Name the type of mirror used in the following situations.

(a) Headlights of a car

(b) Side/rear-view mirror of a vehicle

(c) Solar furnace

Support your answer with a reason.

(a) Headlights of a car – Concave mirror

Concave mirrors are used in the headlights of cars because they can focus the light from the bulb into a parallel beam, providing better illumination of the road ahead. The bulb is placed at the focus of the concave mirror.

(b) Side/rear-view mirror of a vehicle – Convex mirror

Convex mirrors are used as side/rear-view mirrors in vehicles. They provide a wider field of view, allowing the driver to see more of the traffic behind them. Convex mirrors form virtual, erect, and diminished images, which is desirable for rear-view mirrors.

(c) Solar furnace – Concave mirror

Concave mirrors are used in solar furnaces to concentrate the sun’s rays onto a small area, creating a high-temperature focal point. The parallel rays from the sun are reflected and focused by the concave mirror, heating up the solar furnace placed at the focus.

9. One-half of a convex lens is covered with black paper. Will this lens produce a complete image of the object? Verify your answer experimentally. Explain your observations.

No, a convex lens with one-half covered by black paper will not produce a complete image of the object. This can be verified experimentally by placing such a lens in front of an object and observing the image formed on a screen.

When one-half of a convex lens is covered, only the uncovered portion of the lens can refract light and contribute to the formation of the image. The covered portion blocks the light rays passing through it, resulting in an incomplete or partial image.

Experimentally, you will observe that the image formed is cut off on one side, corresponding to the covered portion of the lens. The image will appear as a semicircle or a partial image of the object.

10. An object 5 cm in length is held 25 cm away from a converging lens of focal length 10 cm. Draw the ray diagram and find the position, size and nature of the image formed.

Position of the image: 16.67 cm on the opposite side of the lens.

Size of the image: 3.33 cm (inverted).

Nature of the image: Real and inverted.

The lens formula is 1/f = 1/u – 1/v

• Object distance (u) = -25 cm (object distance is negative as per the sign convention)
• Focal length (f) = +10 cm (focal length is positive for a converging lens)
• Object height (h o ​) = 5 cm

Using the lens formula:

1/v = 1/f + 1/u

1/v = 1/10 + 1/-25

v = 16.67 cm

The positive value of v indicates that the image is formed on the opposite side of the lens.

Calculate the magnification (m):

m = h i /h 0 = v/u

m = 16.67/-25

The negative sign indicates that the image is inverted.

Determine the image height (h i ):

h i = m × h 0

h i = -0.67 × 5 = -3.33 cm

11. A concave lens of focal length 15 cm forms an image 10 cm from the lens. How far is the object placed from the lens? Draw the ray diagram.

12. An object is placed at a distance of 10 cm from a convex mirror of focal length 15 cm. Find the position and nature of the image.

13. The magnification produced by a plane mirror is +1. What does this mean?

14. An object 5 cm is placed at a distance of 20 cm in front of a convex mirror of radius of curvature 30 cm. Find the position, nature and size of the image.

15. An object of size 7.0 cm is placed at 27 cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 18 cm. At what distance from the mirror should a screen be placed so that a sharply focused image can be obtained? Find the size and nature of the image.

16. Find the focal length of a lens of power -2.0 D. What type of lens is this?

17. A doctor has prescribed a corrective lens of power +1.5 D. Find the focal length of the lens. Is the prescribed lens diverging or converging?

NCERT Exemplar Answers key for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 also are accessible.

Class 10 Science 10th Chapter CBSE Notes

Chapter 10 – Light Reflection and Refraction NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science

10th Chapter One of the most essential chapters in Class 10 Science is Light Reflection and Refraction, which is worth 7 points according to the most recent grading scheme. Students will learn about light phenomena such as refraction and reflection in Chapter 10 of Class 10 Science. Spherical mirrors, image creation, and how to make ray diagrams will all be covered.

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Important Topics Covered in Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light: Reflection and Refraction

Understanding these concepts is crucial as they form the basis of many optical devices and natural phenomena. Here are the important topics covered in Class 10 Science Chapter 10:

Reflection of Light:

• Laws of reflection
• Types of mirrors (plane, concave, convex)
• Image formation by mirrors
• Sign convention for spherical mirrors
• Mirror formula and magnification

Refraction of Light:

• Laws of refraction
• Refractive index
• Refraction through a rectangular glass slab
• Total internal reflection
• Refraction by spherical lenses
• Image formation by lenses and their ray diagrams
• Sign convention for spherical lenses
• Lens formula and magnification
• Power of a lens

Optical Phenomena:

• Reflection and refraction of light in nature
• Optical instruments (e.g., microscope, telescope)
• Applications of mirrors and lenses in everyday life

Have you ever pondered what allows us to see things? The response to the question is simple. During the day, sunlight assists us in seeing items. Light reflects as it strikes an object. When this reflected ray reaches our eyes, it aids our vision. Light is responsible for many spectacular events, including the development of the rainbow, stars, and many others. Let us investigate the phenomena of refraction and reflection using straight-line light propagation in Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction. In this chapter, we’ll use the NCERT Solutions from INFINITY LEARN to try to comprehend how spherical mirrors reflect light.

Features of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light: Reflection and Refraction

• Provides thorough answers to all of the chapter’s questions.
• The material presented is authentic and suitable, and the language used is clear and understandable to all.
• For CBSE exams, Olympiads, and other competitive exams, these solutions can be used.
• Concise responses are offered to assist pupils in better understanding.

FAQs on NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light

What topics are covered in ncert solutions for class 10 science chapter 10.

The NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 cover topics like the laws of reflection and refraction, image formation by mirrors and lenses, refraction through a glass slab, and practical applications of these concepts in optical devices.

How can NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 help in exam preparation?

The NCERT Solutions provide detailed, step-by-step answers to all textbook questions, helping students understand complex concepts and practice problem-solving techniques, which are crucial for performing well in exams.

Where can I download the NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10?

You can download the NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 from various educational websites and platforms that offer free PDF downloads, ensuring you have easy access to study materials anytime.

Are the NCERT Solutions for Chapter 10 useful for understanding image formation by lenses and mirrors?

Yes, the NCERT Solutions for Chapter 10 include comprehensive explanations and ray diagrams for image formation by both concave and convex lenses and mirrors, aiding in a clear understanding of these concepts.

Do the NCERT Solutions for Chapter 10 include numerical problems?

Yes, the NCERT Solutions for Chapter 10 include solved numerical problems related to reflection and refraction, mirror and lens formulas, and magnification, helping students practice and master these important calculations.

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