essay about india in 2030

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How will India be in 2030 - a new book charts the course

Prashant Sood | Updated: Jan 25, 2021 10:58 IST

New Delhi [India], January 25 (ANI): India wants to be the third-largest economy in the world by the end of this decade, raise Gross Enrolment Ratio in higher education to 50 per cent, end extreme poverty and produce 450 GW of renewable energy. The Narendra Modi government has undertaken bold reforms to meet the manifold aspirations across sectors and usher the country on a faster growth path. A new book looks at the journey that India will undertake in the next ten years as it meets challenges in the neighbourhood and beyond and gets rid of bottlenecks and inefficiencies to realise its inherent strengths. The book 'India 2030: The Rise of a Rajasic Nation' seeks to capture the India of 2030, walks a decade-long journey with all its major and minor trails and tells what India will look like 10 years from now. Edited by Observer Research Foundation Vice President Gautam Chikermane , the book has essays by 20 thought leaders on themes that will impact and influence India through the 2020s. It carries advanced praise from Prime Minister Narendra Modi. Experts who have contributed to the book include former Supreme Court Judge BN Srikrishna, former R&AW chief Vikram Sood , Vedic teacher David Frawley, former CSIR director general RA Mashelkar and Bibek Debroy , chairman Economic Advisory Council to the Prime Minister. Chikermane notes that it is not a prescriptive but predictive book and is a "definite envisioning of the future". The book has been published by Penguin Random House. In his essay 'Politics: Return to Conservatism, Rise to Great Power' BJP leader Ram Madhav , who is also a member of Governing Board of India Foundation, says that 2020s will see India return to its conservative roots. He says this decade will belong to India, its resurgence will be driven by Bharat. He also says that the decade will lay the foundations for a Right-dominated discourse. "Politically, the decade will consolidate the change that gained strength in 2014 but began earlier. It will lay the foundations for a Right-dominated discourse. A new nationalism will flourish in a variety of ways. Neither caste nor religion will drive politics, but performance and trust will. This philosophical change will express itself through politics, of course. But equally, it will drive new streams of narratives around economics, development, infrastructure, enterprise, technology and culture. This decade will belong to India, and its resurgence will be driven by Bharat. Prime Minister Narendra Modi will be the driver of this resurgence. Modi stands on the shoulders of several other leaders such as Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Shyama Prasad Mukherjee. But the final change will be driven by citizens who will oversee the rise of the Indian economic miracle, watch as it grows towards becoming a great power, and ensure the rise is peaceful, inclusive and integral." He says that the Congress party under Nehru had started representing Centre-Left politics, while the Jan Sangh emerged as a Centre-Right alternative to it. He refers to the birth of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in 1980 and "its meteoric rise in just a decade's time to emerge as India's principal opposition" and says the erosion of the influence of the Congress in Indian politics and the rise of the BJP at the same time are not just two political developments. "They signify the decisive ideological shift that has taken place among the Indian polity over the course of the past four decades." "Under Vajpayee, the country witnessed the transformation of Indian politics into a Right nationalist mould. The culmination of this process happened when Narendra Modi stormed his way into the Indian parliament in 2014 with a 282-seat absolute majority for BJP. Prior to becoming prime minister of the country, Modi became the rallying point for the cultural nationalists in the country. As chief minister of Gujarat, Modi cultivated a development-focused, industry-friendly and progressive image for himself that was clearly in line with the conservative economic ideas of the Indian Right. As a core cadre of the RSS, he also represented the socio-cultural ideas of the Indian Right. The emergence of Modi on the Indian political horizon has marked the beginning of a new phenomenon in Indian politics. Modi emerged as the most iconic leader in the country, with no other leader in the Opposition coming anywhere near him. The BJP too has grown to become the only party with a pan-Indian presence, while the influence of the other national party, the Congress, has shrunk to an all-time low." Ram Madhav notes that liberals dismiss it as 'identity politics', but the Indian mind responds affirmatively to the idea of a cultural-civilizational identity. "Gandhi used it to the hilt, but Nehru, even though he wrote extensively about its richness, nevertheless rejected its role in the country's politics. Modi's style is to wear his cultural-civilizational identity on his sleeve." He says Panchamrit, or the five pillars are PM Modi's contribution to foreign policy. "Samman--the dignity and honour of every Indian; Samvad--greater engagement; Samruddhi--economic prosperity; Suraksha--internal and external security; and Samskriti--culture and civilization, have become the new pillars. Modi's diaspora diplomacy is a path-breaking initiative." Ram Madhav notes that the coming decade is going to be dominated by the nationalist politics of PM Modi and the BJP. In his essay 'Defence: Nine Trends Will Dominate the 2020s', Abhijit Iyer-Mitra , a senior fellow at the Institute of Peace and Conflict Studies, says that the 2020s will be a breakaway decade for defence. "This decade will see major changes in the way the sector has been seen, politically, economically and technologically. Among the major changes will be a shift from offsets to work share, big business to small and medium defence-focused enterprises, and a shift to air from ground-centrism. And while there will be a greater reliance on Russia for weapons sourcing, the decade ahead will simultaneously see a closer alignment with the West. These changes will be driven by a larger economy and a greater role for India in international affairs." He says that nine trends will start emerging this decade as a result of economics, politics, technology and circumstances, should optimal policy prevail. "A shift from offsets to work share; shift from big conglomerates to MSMEs in defence production; shift from a government-run model of defence production to a private sector one; streamlining of what technologies and projects the government invests in; steady synchronization of Indian defence production and purchases with the Occidental military-industrial complex; an ever-decreasing reliance on Russia; bifurcation of economic and security policy; shift to air-centrism from ground-centrism, prioritization of interoperability, ISR and network centricity over an outright purchase of platforms." "It remains to be seen how effectively and smoothly these changes will occur. In open societies like India, naturally, changes are accompanied by significant public acrimony. The real challenge will be managing and smoothening these clashes. In many ways, these challenges are a microcosm of the challenges India faces as a society." He says perhaps the most important shift that India will see in the 2020s will be the swing from warfighting to war-winning, which now depends overwhelmingly on air combat. The essay also talks about the lessons and positives of Balakot air strikes. "Any proper introspection will accelerate the process towards optimization of the air combat paradigm, making it a highly reliable, flexible and precise tool for policymakers to use in times of crisis. Indeed, this will quite possibly become one of the most significant trends of the 2020s and will herald a shift to full air-centrism." In his essay, Foreign Policy: India Will Be a 'Bridge Nation', Samir Saran , President of Observer Research Foundation, says that India's journey towards a $10 trillion economy by the mid-2030s will shape and be shaped by its foreign policy priorities in the decade ahead. "After all, India will be the first major power to transition from a low- to middle-income economy amid the fourth industrial revolution, the disenchantment with globalization and in the backdrop of a global pandemic which has all but exposed the frail ethics and malicious influence that have now come to define global governance. India will indeed be a 'bridge nation' in the coming decade. India will continue responding to its twentieth-century development challenges (albeit constrained by a modest per capita GDP and a low tax-GDP ratio), even as millions of Indians embrace digital technologies to influence political outcomes and create new pathways for social and economic mobility. He says multipolarity will be the norm and multilateralism will be contested and the coming decade will test India's ability to 'behave'--or wield its influence--as a great power does. "The past two decades witnessed India emerge as a global actor through sheer size. In essence, its massive demography, rapid economic rise and geographical importance have made it indispensable to global conversations of any consequence. The coming decade will test India's ability to 'behave'--or wield its influence--as a great power does. There is a large potential in such a future: India will be the first power that has identified itself with the equitable governance of the global commons." Author and writer Monika Halan, in her essay 'Money: A Brief History of the Future' looks back at India's economic journey and progress from what it will be in 2030. "The savings bank in your phone will become the investment bank in the 2020s. Money will flow seamlessly across all financial transactions, go where it's needed at a tap--data will become the new oil. This faster velocity of money will bring with it a greater transparency and a higher accountability in the financial system. This will result from and simultaneously drive the democratization of finance. But no surprises here: as the world's third-largest economy in the decade, Indians expect nothing less but will get a lot more. The marriage of technology with money will produce several changes in the way India consumes, grows, creates, builds, invests and transacts. "Writing in 2030, I see that the face of money and its expression have changed beyond recognition over the last decade, arguably the fastest change since Independence," she says. She says regulatory and legislative changes that began in 2014 "have been consolidated and strengthened over the last ten years". "Citizens have finally monetized the data they create; ownership rights over data have been streamlined and legislated by law. This has empowered the poor in ways we couldn't imagine in 2020." Chikermane notes in the preface of the book that India stands at a crossroads of several simultaneous disruptions at the start of the decade. "Not all disruptions of the 2020s will be government-led and several sectors will be driven by private actors, for profits as well as not-for-profits, and will contribute to the flowering of India." Chikermane says that beyond all other transformations in India, the 2020s will see a rajasic reawakening of the nation. In his essay 'Forces: Consolidation of a Rajasic India', he says that the discovery and organization of this rajasic force have been enurmerated, analysed and its principles extracted into former knowledge through Sankhya, one of the six intellectual traditions of India. Other essays in the book are - Health: Looking Beyond a Cultural Extinction Event by Rajesh Parikh; Economy: From Wealth Redistribution to Wealth Creation by Bibek Debroy ; Justice: Technology Will Deliver Exponential Efficiency by BN Srikrishna; Spying: Intelligence Will Need to Rethink, Reinvent Itself by Vikram Sood ; Multilateralism: From Principles to Transactions, and Back Again by Amrita Narlikar; Energy: Powering GDP, Fuelling Development by Kirit S. Parikh; Urbanization: India Finally Lives in Liveable Cities by Reuben Abraham; Work: Citizen-Firm Productivity through Effective Governance by Manish Sabharwal; Education: Four 'Fantastic' Forecasts by Parth J. Shah; Policymaking: The Coming Rise of Science in Policy by Ajay Shah; Science and Technology: India Will Be a Producer of Knowledge, Not Just a Consumer by Raghunath Anant Mashelkar; Soft Power: India Will Be the Confluence of Materialism and Spiritualism by Amish Tripathi; Friendships: Ideology and Technology Will Unfriend Society by Sandipan Deb; Nationalism: An Integral Union of the Nation with the Self by Devdip Ganguli; Civilizational Resurgence: India Will Reconnect with Its Ancient Past to Ride into a Dharmic Future by David Frawley. (ANI)

India 2030: The rise of a Rajasic Nation

Gautam Chikermane

Bibek Debroy

Abhijit Iyer-Mitra

Vikram Sood

Monica Halan

Samir Saran

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Is India the World’s Next Great Economic Power?

• Bhaskar Chakravorti
• Gaurav Dalmia

Historically, the country’s expected rise has remained elusive. Here’s a look at what’s different now.

Is India’s economic rise inevitable? There’s good reason to think that this latest round of Indo-optimism might be different than previous iterations, but the country still has major challenges to address to make good on this promise. In terms of drivers, demand — in the form of a consumer boom, context appropriate innovation, and a green transition — and supply — in the form of a demographic dividend, access to finance, and major infrastructure upgrades — are helping to push the country forward. This is facilitated by policy reforms, geopolitical positioning, and a diaspora dividend. Even so, the country faces barriers to success, including unbalanced growth, unrealized demographic potential, and unrealized ease-of-business and innovation potential.

In 2002, India’s government launched a ubiquitous international tourism campaign known as “Incredible India.” Were it to launch a similar campaign today, it might as well be called “Inevitable India.” Not just enthusiasts within the country, but a chorus of global analysts, have declared India as the next great economic power: Goldman Sachs has predicted it will become the world’s second-largest economy by 2075, and the FT’s Martin Wolf suggests that by 2050, its purchasing power will be 30% larger than that of the U.S.

• Bhaskar Chakravorti is the Dean of Global Business at The Fletcher School at Tufts University and founding Executive Director of Fletcher’s Institute for Business in the Global Context . He is the author of The Slow Pace of Fast Change .
• Gaurav Dalmia is the Chairman of Dalmia Group Holdings, an Indian holding company for business and financial assets.

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My Vision For India In 2030 Essay In 500+ Words

Hello Friend, In this post “ My Vision For India In 2030 Essay In 500+ Words “, We will read about My Vision For India In 2030 As an Essay  in detail. So…

Let’s Start…

India is a country which a rich heritage and unique culture. India is always famous for its unique identity “ Unity in Diversity “.

The British ruled India from 1858 to 1947. India got its independence on 15th August 1947 from British imperial rule.

As D.r A.P.J. Abdul Kalam had a vision for 2020 India, in which he visualized India as one of the most advanced and developed countries of the world.

I also have a vision for India in 2030 . My vision for India in 2030  is an environment-friendly, educated, clean and healthy India. As there is a famous weapon which you can use to change the world.

In the context of the year 2030 , we have to set a target that after completing 100 years of Independence, where do we see India.

For this, we all will have to work together for the development of the country so that the spirit of unity arises in us and gets rid of fragmented thinking.

So now it is the duty of all of us to get involved in rebuilding the new India of our dreams. Don’t delay any longer. Today, celebrating 75 years of Independence, I am dreaming of a new India.

An India that is fully developed, where every youth has employment, where no one is dying has employment, where no one is dying of poverty and hunger. I also see the India of 2030 as a corruption-free India.

I see that in 2030 there is no hatred in the name of caste and religion in the country. In 2030, Every girl who walks the streets of India is absolutely safe.

I envision the Indian economy as the most established and developed economy in the world. I envision the women of India of 2030 as more empowered. I envision medical facilities in India easily accessible to the general public.

It is my vision that every child of India will be educated in 2030, which will definitely be meaningful. For this, we all should start making efforts from now on. if we make efforts from now on.

If we make efforts with unity, then India will definitely become self-reliant and by 2030, the title of Vishwaguru will definitely be in its name.

Now I would like to share my vision for India in 2030  in detail.

Environment-Friendly India: My vision for India is environment-Friendly India. A good way to start with conserving water, driving less, walking more, planting more trees, and using a battery electric vehicle.

My Vision For India In 2050 Essay In 500+ Words

Paragraph On My Vision For India @ 100 years

Educated India: In 2030, I want to see India with the highest number of literate people. The easiest and the most effective way to achieve this is “each one, teach one”.

Clean India: There is a quote “Clean people and healthy people can make a wealthy country.” I want India as the cleanest country in the world by 2030. By simply throwing the garbage in the bin, not spitting on the streets, and creating less waste I want to achieve my vision-clean India.

Healthy India: By 2030, I want to see India as a healthy India, a fit India. For this, I pledge to donate my organs and I also want to encourage other people to do this noble work. So that together we can make India- healthy India.

Corruption-Free India: My vision for India is a corruption-free India. If we limit our wants and needs then we can easily make corruption-free India.

So, my vision for India in 2030  is an educated, clean and healthy India . That’s why I want to see India as the country with the highest educated people.

Once the people are educated, they will understand the importance of environment-friendly life and cleanliness. Cleanliness is the door to a healthy life.

And healthy people can make a wealthy country. when each and every people become healthy the country will surely be developed and progress.

I want to contribute these little things for the progress of my beautiful country- to fulfill my vision for 2030  as -Happy India.

Thanks For Reading “ My Vision For India In 2030 Essay In 500+ Words “.

If you have any questions regarding “ My Vision For India In 2030 Essay In 500+ Words “, So, please comment.

4 thoughts on “My Vision For India In 2030 Essay In 500+ Words”

tankyou bro

Thanks a lot ???

tanks’

This is also my vision for India 2030. Let’s do it together . Siya A student of blue bird school aligarh

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Essay on India 2030 – Examples, 10 Lines to 1200 Words

Essay on India 2030: India is a country of immense potential and promise, poised to become a global powerhouse by the year 2030. In this essay, we will explore the key factors that will drive India’s growth and development over the next decade. From advancements in technology and innovation to improvements in infrastructure and education, India is on track to transform into a leading player on the world stage. Join us as we delve into the future of India in 2030.

Table of Contents

India 2030 Essay Writing Tips

1. Start by introducing the topic of India in 2030 and why it is important to discuss the future of the country.

2. Provide an overview of the current state of India, highlighting its economic growth, technological advancements, and social challenges.

3. Discuss the key areas of focus for India in 2030, such as sustainable development, education, healthcare, and infrastructure.

4. Analyze the potential challenges that India may face in achieving its goals for 2030, such as population growth, climate change, and political instability.

5. Offer solutions and recommendations for addressing these challenges, including investing in renewable energy, improving access to education and healthcare, and promoting social cohesion.

6. Discuss the role of technology in shaping India’s future, including the impact of artificial intelligence, automation, and digitalization on the economy and society.

7. Highlight the importance of inclusive growth and social justice in India’s development, emphasizing the need to address inequality, discrimination, and poverty.

8. Conclude by summarizing the key points of the essay and emphasizing the importance of planning for India’s future in order to create a prosperous and sustainable society by 2030.

9. Proofread and edit your essay to ensure clarity, coherence, and accuracy of information.

10. Consider incorporating relevant statistics, case studies, and examples to support your arguments and make your essay more persuasive and informative.

Essay on India 2030 in 10 Lines – Examples

1. India 2030 is a vision for the future of India, aiming to transform the country into a developed nation by the year 2030. 2. The vision includes goals such as achieving high economic growth, reducing poverty, and improving infrastructure and healthcare. 3. India 2030 also focuses on promoting sustainable development, innovation, and technology adoption. 4. The vision aims to make India a global leader in various sectors, including information technology, renewable energy, and manufacturing. 5. Education and skill development are key priorities in India 2030, with a focus on improving the quality of education and increasing access to vocational training. 6. The vision also emphasizes the importance of gender equality and empowering women in all aspects of society. 7. India 2030 envisions a clean and green India, with a focus on environmental conservation and sustainable practices. 8. The vision includes plans to improve governance and reduce corruption, ensuring transparency and accountability in all sectors. 9. India 2030 aims to strengthen India’s position on the global stage, fostering strong diplomatic relations and partnerships with other countries. 10. Overall, India 2030 is a comprehensive roadmap for the country’s development, with a focus on inclusive growth and prosperity for all citizens.

Sample Essay on India 2030 in 100-180 Words

India 2030 envisions a country that has achieved significant progress in various sectors. With a focus on sustainable development, India aims to become a global leader in technology, innovation, and economic growth. By 2030, India aims to have a thriving economy, improved infrastructure, and a skilled workforce that can compete on a global scale.

In terms of social development, India aims to have improved healthcare, education, and social welfare systems that benefit all its citizens. The country also aims to address environmental challenges and promote sustainable practices to ensure a clean and green future for generations to come.

Overall, India 2030 aims to create a prosperous and inclusive society that is at the forefront of global development. With a focus on innovation and sustainability, India is poised to become a major player on the world stage by 2030.

Short Essay on India 2030 in 200-500 Words

India 2030 is a vision of a prosperous and developed India, where the country has achieved significant progress in various sectors. By the year 2030, India aims to become a global economic powerhouse, with a strong and sustainable economy that benefits all its citizens. The country also aspires to be a leader in technology, innovation, and sustainable development.

One of the key areas of focus for India 2030 is economic growth. The country aims to achieve a GDP growth rate of over 8% annually, which will help in reducing poverty, creating jobs, and improving the standard of living for its citizens. India also aims to become a major player in the global economy, with a strong presence in international trade and investment.

In terms of technology and innovation, India 2030 envisions the country as a hub for cutting-edge research and development. The country aims to be a leader in areas such as artificial intelligence, biotechnology, and renewable energy. By investing in research and innovation, India hopes to create a knowledge-based economy that drives growth and development.

Sustainable development is another key focus area for India 2030. The country aims to achieve a balance between economic growth and environmental conservation. India plans to invest in renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, to reduce its carbon footprint and combat climate change. The country also aims to improve waste management and promote sustainable agriculture practices to ensure a clean and green environment for future generations.

In terms of infrastructure development, India 2030 envisions a modern and efficient transportation network that connects all parts of the country. The country aims to invest in roads, railways, airports, and ports to improve connectivity and facilitate trade and commerce. India also plans to invest in smart cities and digital infrastructure to create a more efficient and sustainable urban environment.

Education and healthcare are also key focus areas for India 2030. The country aims to provide quality education and healthcare services to all its citizens, regardless of their socio-economic background. India plans to invest in schools, colleges, and hospitals to ensure access to quality education and healthcare for all. The country also aims to promote research and innovation in the fields of education and healthcare to improve outcomes and drive progress.

In conclusion, India 2030 is a vision of a prosperous and developed India that is a global leader in various sectors. By focusing on economic growth, technology and innovation, sustainable development, infrastructure, education, and healthcare, India aims to achieve significant progress by the year 2030. With the right policies and investments, India has the potential to become a major player in the global economy and a model for sustainable development.

Essay on India 2030 in 1000-1500 Words

India 2030: A Vision for the Future

Introduction

India, a country rich in culture, history, and diversity, is poised to become a global powerhouse by the year 2030. With a population of over 1.3 billion people, India is one of the fastest-growing economies in the world, and its potential for growth and development is limitless. As we look ahead to the year 2030, it is important to envision what India could become and how it can achieve its full potential.

Economic Growth and Development

By the year 2030, India is projected to become the third-largest economy in the world, behind only China and the United States. With a growing middle class and a young, dynamic workforce, India has the potential to become a global leader in innovation, technology, and entrepreneurship. The government’s focus on infrastructure development, digitalization, and skill development will play a key role in driving economic growth and creating opportunities for all Indians.

One of the key drivers of India’s economic growth will be its focus on sustainable development and environmental conservation. By investing in renewable energy sources, reducing carbon emissions, and promoting sustainable practices, India can become a leader in the fight against climate change and create a cleaner, greener future for its citizens.

Education and Skill Development

In order to fully realize its economic potential, India must invest in its education system and skill development programs. By 2030, India aims to have a workforce that is skilled, educated, and ready to take on the challenges of the 21st century. The government’s focus on digital literacy, vocational training, and higher education will help prepare Indian youth for the jobs of the future and ensure that they have the skills they need to succeed in a rapidly changing world.

In addition to investing in traditional education, India must also focus on promoting innovation and entrepreneurship among its youth. By fostering a culture of creativity, risk-taking, and innovation, India can unleash the potential of its young entrepreneurs and create a vibrant startup ecosystem that drives economic growth and creates jobs for millions of Indians.

Healthcare and Social Welfare

By 2030, India aims to provide universal healthcare coverage to all its citizens, ensuring that every Indian has access to quality healthcare services. The government’s focus on expanding healthcare infrastructure, improving healthcare delivery systems, and promoting preventive care will help reduce the burden of disease and improve the overall health and well-being of the Indian population.

In addition to healthcare, India must also focus on improving social welfare programs and addressing the needs of its most vulnerable populations. By investing in social safety nets, promoting gender equality, and empowering marginalized communities, India can create a more inclusive society that ensures the well-being of all its citizens.

Infrastructure and Urban Development

India’s rapid urbanization presents both challenges and opportunities for the country. By 2030, India is projected to have over 40% of its population living in urban areas, placing a strain on infrastructure, transportation, and housing. In order to accommodate this urban growth, India must invest in smart, sustainable urban planning that promotes efficient transportation, affordable housing, and green spaces.

One of the key challenges facing India’s urban areas is air pollution, which poses a serious threat to public health and the environment. By investing in clean energy sources, promoting public transportation, and implementing strict environmental regulations, India can reduce air pollution levels and create a healthier, more sustainable urban environment for its citizens.

As we look ahead to the year 2030, it is clear that India has the potential to become a global leader in economic growth, innovation, and sustainable development. By investing in education, healthcare, infrastructure, and social welfare, India can create a more inclusive society that ensures the well-being of all its citizens. With the right policies, investments, and partnerships, India can achieve its full potential and become a shining example of what a 21st-century nation can be. India 2030 is not just a vision for the future, but a roadmap for success that will benefit all Indians for generations to come.

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India @ 2030: India's journey to become $5 trillion economy will depend on the pace of reforms

• Byline: Surabhi
• Producer: Arnav Das Sharma

As India strives to become a $5-trillion economy by 2030, more inclusive reforms will be necessary for faster growth. The next five years are exciting for the economy—providing both fresh possibilities and new challenges

Five years is not a very long time. But neither is it too short. It’s roughly the same time span in which a teenage child transforms into an adult or certain trees take to mature and bear fruit. For democracies too, five years means new governments, new policies and economic cycles. 

The same holds true for India. As the fastest-growing major economy in the world—with an estimated growth rate of more than 7% over two straight years—it has ambitions of turning into a $5-trillion economy over the next few years. But it has to address a number of challenges—from sustaining economic growth through more policy reforms, creation of adequate physical infrastructure, boosting private sector investments, meeting the health and nutritional needs of a growing population, finding adequate jobs for its workforce, and mitigating the risks of climate change.

Meanwhile, the global geopolitical landscape is in for a reset with national elections in as many as 50 countries this year. According to US-based think tank Integrity Institute, in 2024, as many as 83 elections (national or otherwise) are being held across 78 countries; this means these polls would impact the lives of nearly half the world’s population who collectively reside there. “We won’t see that many again until 2048. What also makes 2024 special is not just the number of countries but the fact that for the first time, you will have a US presidential election in the same year as elections in major countries such as India, Indonesia, Ukraine, Taiwan, Mexico, the UK, and the European Parliament,” it noted. (See graphic ‘Poll Fever’.) 

What India will be in 2029 will in a large part be shaped by the next government that comes to power after the General Elections this year; the new government will lay down the key priorities for the next five years as well as the policy prescriptions that are required. 

A bright spot 

The India story continues to be a bright spot for the international community, which is yet to fully recover from the impact of the pandemic, as well as the two ongoing wars and the Red Sea conflict. (See graphic ‘Shining Bright’.) 

According to Christian de Guzman, Senior Vice President at Moody’s Investors Service, the agency expects India to be one of the fastest-growing—if not the fastest—G20 economies over the next five years, largely based on its ability to weather the lacklustre near-term outlook for global growth due to its large consumption-based economy, boosted by the government’s efforts to improve productivity via reforms and infrastructure development. “Over the longer-term, India also stands to benefit from favourable demographics in contrast to the ageing populations in other large economies, including China. At the same time, this relatively favourable view assumes that India will sustain broad financial stability and gradual fiscal consolidation—areas that have previously weighed on the country’s potential growth and sovereign credit profile,” he says. 

In a recent report, brokerage Morgan Stanley also highlighted India’s strong fundamentals. It said that the country’s nominal GDP growth will accelerate to 11.6% this year, making it the third consecutive year that India’s nominal GDP growth will be the strongest in Asia. India’s contribution to Asian and global growth will rise to 30% and 17%, respectively, up from 28% and 16% in 2023. “Over the medium term, our Chief India Economist Upasana Chachra forecasts that real GDP growth will average 6.3% until FY32,” it noted. The brokerage expects the investment to GDP ratio to rise to 33.5% by FY25, and to 36% by FY27. 

Challenges ahead 

However, it’s not all smooth sailing. Despite continuous efforts by successive governments, challenges remain. More reforms are needed to further improve the ease of doing business by ensuring faster regulatory clearances, say experts. The notification of the long-pending four Labour Codes, further land reforms, a national e-commerce policy as well as regulation of the digital economy are some of the pending items on the policy reform table. 

Arun Singh, Global Chief Economist at research firm Dun & Bradstreet, points out that India is well on its way to becoming a $5-trillion economy. “We should now target becoming a $10-trillion economy. For this, a lot more capital and reforms are needed to bring in global investors,” he says. India still needs to improve its physical infrastructure and raise the foreign investment ceiling in various sectors as well as privatise the non-performing, non-strategic central public sector undertakings, he says. 

Arun Singh Global Chief Economist Dun and Bradstreet

“Land and labour reforms also have to be taken forward. The government needs to review the administrative machinery to ensure faster clearances. The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code needs to be reviewed for quicker resolutions. We need to create more formal sector jobs and improve the LFPR (labour force participation rate), especially with regard to the female workforce. More MSMEs have to be brought into the formal economy,” says Singh, adding that some of these reforms are structural in nature and could take longer than five years. 

According to de Guzman of Moody’s, challenges to the economy include its significant exposure to environmental and social risks. In particular, the relatively large share of the labour force involved in agriculture renders the broader economy susceptible to climate shocks, such as irregular monsoons, flooding, as well as heat and water stress, he says. Low and unevenly distributed incomes, as well as unequal access to high-quality education and other basic services, could also impair progress towards sustaining high growth over the medium- to long term, if not addressed. 

“Moreover, India’s investment climate and regulatory quality-while having shown significant improvement over the past decade-remain weak when compared to many of its emerging market peers, although gains in addressing other shortcomings such as poor infrastructure have contributed to the resilience of growth in recent years,” says de Guzman. 

India is hoping to significantly raise the share of manufacturing in GDP in the coming years from about 17% at present to 25% in the coming years. Efforts are already underway and some headway seems to have been made through measures such as production-linked incentive (PLI) scheme for 14 sectors. The scheme is yet to fully take off with just Rs 4,415 crore of incentives disbursed and Rs 1.03 lakh crore of investments. Physical infrastructure-in terms of both capacity addition and modernisation as well as new projects-is also a key focus area with a budgeted capex of Rs 10 lakh crore this fiscal. 

As many as 248.2 million people have moved out of multidimensional poverty in the nine years to 2022-23, according to a recent NITI Aayog report. However, ensuring adequate social infrastructure-healthcare and education-will remain a key priority for the government as well as further bridging the financial inclusion divide by providing not only banking services, but also adequate credit investment and insurance options to the bottom of the pyramid. Sustainability and green energy are two other areas the government will have to focus on to ensure that India remains ahead in emerging technologies such as green hydrogen. Plus, there are also challenges from emerging digital technologies in the field of AI and machine learning. 

The following pages delve into some of these themes to identify and chart out an agenda and aspiration of what India at 2029 should and can be. One thing is for sure: it will be one interesting journey. 

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The Future of India in 2030: A Comprehensive Economic and Energy Outlook

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Economic Ascendancy: India as the Third Largest Economy

Energy Dynamics: Challenges and Opportunities

Industrial growth, energy intensity, and the role of the service sector.

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Essay on India in 2030

As we stand on the threshold of the next decade, envisioning India in 2030 opens a window to a future shaped by innovation, progress, and societal evolution. The trajectory of the nation is marked by ambitious goals, technological advancements, and a commitment to sustainable development. In this essay, we explore the potential contours of India’s journey in 2030, envisioning a landscape where progress harmonizes with inclusivity and environmental stewardship.

Quick Overview:

• India in 2030 is likely to witness a further surge in technological advancements, with a robust digital infrastructure becoming a cornerstone of everyday life.
• Increased internet penetration, smart cities, and cutting-edge innovations are expected to redefine the way Indians live, work, and connect with the world.
• A heightened awareness of environmental issues is anticipated to drive sustainable development initiatives across the country.
• India is likely to invest in renewable energy, green technologies, and eco-friendly practices to address climate change concerns and ensure a greener and more sustainable future.
• The Indian economy is poised for continued growth, bolstered by strategic economic policies, international collaborations, and a focus on enhancing global competitiveness.
• Sectors such as technology, healthcare, and renewable energy are expected to play pivotal roles in India’s economic landscape.
• A commitment to education and skill development is likely to empower the youth, positioning them as catalysts for innovation and social progress.
• The education system is expected to evolve, emphasizing not only academic excellence but also fostering creativity, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills.
• India’s cultural diversity is set to remain a defining feature, celebrated and preserved through various mediums.
• Social harmony initiatives are expected to strengthen, promoting inclusivity, tolerance, and understanding among the diverse communities that constitute the fabric of the nation.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, India in 2030 is envisioned as a dynamic tapestry of progress and inclusivity, guided by a vision that balances economic growth with environmental responsibility. The technological landscape is poised for transformation, with innovations shaping the way people interact, learn, and conduct business. As the nation advances, a commitment to sustainable development is expected to be at the forefront, ensuring that growth is mindful of its impact on the environment.

Crucially, the youth of India will emerge as architects of this future, armed with a blend of traditional values and modern skills. Education and skill development initiatives will empower them to contribute meaningfully to the nation’s growth story. Moreover, India’s cultural richness and diversity will continue to be a source of strength, fostering social harmony and national unity.

While the vision of India in 2030 is optimistic, it is also a call to action. It requires collective efforts, innovative solutions, and a commitment to inclusive development. By navigating this future with a focus on sustainable practices, technological prowess, and social cohesion, India has the potential to emerge as a global leader, setting an example for harmonious progress in the 21st century.

Rahul Kumar is a passionate educator, writer, and subject matter expert in the field of education and professional development. As an author on CoursesXpert, Rahul Kumar’s articles cover a wide range of topics, from various courses, educational and career guidance.

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The Government has unveiled its vision for the next decade, listing thereby ten most important dimensions in 2030. “ With this comprehensive ten-dimensional Vision, we will create an India where poverty, malnutrition, littering and illiteracy would be a matter of the past. India would be a modern, technology driven, high growth, equitable and transparent society.” said Union Minister for Finance, Corporate Affairs, Railways & Coal, Shri Piyush Goyal while presenting the Interim Budget 2019-20 in Parliament today.

The Minister further said, “India is poised to become a five trillion dollar economy in the next five years and aspires to become 10 trillion dollar economy thereafter.”

The dimensions of Vision-2030 outlined by Shri Goyal are as follows-  

• To create physical and social infrastructure for ten trillion dollar economy and to provide ease of living.
• Digital India led by the youths with innumberable start-ups and million of jobs.
• To make India pollution free by focusing on Electrical Vehicles and renewables.
• Rural industrailisation using modern technologies to generate massive employment.
• Clean rivers, with safe drinking water to all Indians and efficient use of water in irrigation using micro-irrigation techniques.
• Besides scaling up Sagarmala, India’s coastline and ocean waters will power development
• Through our space programme – Gaganyaan, India becoming the launch-pad of satellites for the World
• Self sufficiency in food production and producing food in the most organic way.
• A healthy India by 2030 and a distress free health care and wellness system for all. Ayushman Bharat and women participation would be an important component in it.
• Employees working with elected Government, transforming India into Minimum Government Maximum Governance nation.

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In Depth- India's Sustainable Development Goals

• 05 Jan 2019
• GS Paper - 2
• Inclusive Growth
• Growth & Development
• Government Policies & Interventions

In 2015, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. 193 member countries, including India, got committed to the 17 Sustainable Development Goals that require efforts to end all forms of poverty, fight inequalities and tackle climate change while ensuring that no one was left behind.

India played a significant role in making the declaration and its progress in achieving these goals are crucial for the world as it is home to about 17% of the world population. The SDG India index, released by the NITI Aayog and the United Nations, shows that the nation has a score of 58, a little beyond halfway mark in meeting the target set for 2030.

What are SDG goals?

• The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were born at the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development in Rio de Janeiro in 2012.
• The objective was to produce a set of universal goals that meet the urgent environmental, political and economic challenges facing the world.
• The SDGs are a bold commitment to finish what the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) started, and tackle some of the more pressing challenges.
• All 17 Goals interconnect, success in one-goal motivates for the success of others.
• For example, dealing with the threat of climate change impacts how we manage our fragile natural resources, achieving gender equality or better health helps eradicate poverty, and fostering peace and inclusive societies will reduce inequalities and help economies prosper.

Why focus on Sustainable Development?

• "Sustainable development is the development that meets the needs of the present, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs”.
• The focus of sustainable development is far broader than just the environment. It's also about ensuring a strong, healthy and just society.
• This means meeting the diverse needs of all people in existing and future communities, promoting personal wellbeing, social cohesion, and inclusion, and creating equal opportunity.
• The rampant growth of industry had adversely affected the environment and is also against the ethos of sustainable development.
• In 2018 itself we are 1.1 degrees above the pre-industrial temperature already. And if the greenhouse emissions are not drastically cut then by the end of the century the rise of the temperature could be 3—3.5 degree. Such an increase would have an irreversible and catastrophic impact across the world.

SDG India Index - Baseline Report 2018

• NITI Aayog undertook the extensive exercise of measuring India and its States’ progress towards the SDGs for 2030, culminating in the development of the first SDG India Index - Baseline Report 2018.
• The SDG India Index is intended to provide a holistic view of the social, economic and environmental status of the country and its States and UTs.
• It has been designed to provide an aggregate assessment of the performance of all Indian States and UTs and to help leaders and change makers evaluate their performance on social, economic and environmental parameters.
• The Index has been constructed spanning across 13 out of 17 SDGs (leaving out Goals 12, 13, 14 and 17).
• It tracks the progress of all the States and Union Territories ( UTs ) on a set of 62 National Indicators, measuring their progress on the outcomes of interventions and schemes of the Government of India.
• The SDG Index Score for Sustainable Development Goals 2030 ranges between 42 and 69 for States and between 57 and 68 for UTs .

Performance of States

• Among the States, Kerala and Himachal Pradesh are the front runners with an SDG India Index score of 69. Among the UTs, Chandigarh is a front-runner with a score of 68.
• Kerala’s top rank is attributed to its superior performance in providing good health, reducing hunger, achieving gender equality and providing quality education.
• Himachal Pradesh ranks high in providing clean water and sanitation, in reducing inequalities and preserving mountain ecosystem.
• Among the UTs, Chandigarh takes the lead because of its exemplary performance in providing clean water and sanitation to its people.
• On the other hand states like Assam, Bihar and UP have featured badly in the index as their score was below 49.
• The Index can be useful to States/UTs in assessing their starting point on the SDGs in the following ways, by
• Supporting States/UTs to benchmark their progress against national targets and performance of their peers to understand the reasons for differential performance and devise better strategies to achieve the SDGs by 2030
• Supporting States/UTs to identify priority areas in which they need to invest and improve by enabling them to measure incremental progress.
• Highlighting data gaps related across SDGs for India to develop its statistical systems at the national and State levels.

SDGs and India’s Commitment

• India introduces BS-VI petrol and diesel.
• Delhi will be the first city to leapfrog from BS-IV to BS-VI.
• 13 major cities like Mumbai, Chennai, Bengaluru, etc. will make the shift from 1st Jan 2019.
• The rest of the country will make the change from April 2020 next year.
• India has pledged to eliminate all single-use plastic in the country by 2022.
• ISA is a group of 121 solar rich countries which are situated either on or between the tropics.
• Aims to deploy over 1000 GW of solar energy and mobilize more than $1000 billion into solar power by 2030.
• To reduce the emissions intensity of its GDP by 33 to 35 percent by 2030 from 2005 level.
• To achieve about 40 percent cumulative electric power installed capacity from non-fossil fuel based energy resources by 2030, with the help of transfer of technology and low-cost international finance, including from Green Climate Fund.
• To create an additional carbon sink of 2.5 to 3 billion tonnes of CO2 equivalent through additional forest and tree cover by 2030.

Vision for New India@75

When India turns 75 on August 15, 2022, it will mark a moment that comes, but rarely in history, when we step out from the old to the new. It will be the era of a New India; an era where India begins its journey to become a global leader in thought and action. The preparation towards this began in 2017 when Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi gave his clarion call for establishing aNew India by 2022. In line with this call, the NITI Aayog created the 'Strategy for New India @ 75'released in 2018. This strategy is all the more essential to transform the nation in the post-pandemic world.

The 'Strategy for New India @ 75' had three key messages from the Prime Minister for New India. First, development must become a mass movement, in which every Indian recognizes his/her role and also experiences the tangible benefits accruing to him/her in the form of better ease of living. Second, development strategy should help achieve broad-based economic growth to ensure balanced development across all regions and States and across sectors. Third, the strategy when implemented will bridge the gap between public and private sector performance. The strategy is an attempt to bring innovation, technology, enterprise and efficient management together, at the core of policy formulation and implementation. The term 'policy' is frequently used in government parlance, but what is a 'policy'? In its simplest form, a policy is a framework or plan within which all actions for the accomplishment of an objective are envisioned, implemented, and evaluated. Public policy, by extension, applies to the objectives that pertain to the welfare of the public. The science of policymaking is vast and varied, but like any science, it values analytical thinking, systematic action, and objective evaluation. The life cycle of a policy can be seen in five distinct stages— Problem Identification, Policy Formulation, Policy Adoption, Policy Implementation, and Monitoring and Evaluation.

Given the brisk pace of development in the world today, the development in New India is expected to be achieved sooner than envisioned. Therefore, the policy ecosystem of New India must not fall behind. This cannot be achieved solely by conventional methods. It requires a paradigm shift in the thought process, methods, and tools of the policymakers. For example, the conventional approach to policy is to encourage innovation and regulate technology as the goal of public welfare. While this is still required, it is imperative that policymakers change their perspective from considering innovation and technology an outcome to considering it a tool to achieve their objectives. Similarly, the identified focus areas such as agriculture, industry, information and communication, infrastructure, logistics and transport, education and employment, health and wellness, local governance, etc. require either a sharper focus on implementing the flagship schemes already in place or a new design and initiative to achieve India’s true potential. The following sections draw on the strategy and go a step further to describe how Innovation and Technology can play a role in those areas.

In agriculture, emphasis must shift to converting farmers to 'agripreneurs'. The e-National Agriculture Markets (e-NAMs) should be further expanded. A unified national market, coupled with opening up the export regime, can boost this sector. Automation through the use of IoT (Internet of Things) technology and geospatial data in agriculture should be encouraged. This should start with mobile-based irrigation platforms and extend to precision agriculture that leverages sensor data from the plant, soil, water and air, as well as geospatial data for crop and climate monitoring. Proactive dissemination of techniques on Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF) should be undertaken in low-income rural regions, so as to increase farmers' income and improve land quality.

In industry, the focus must be on encouraging the adoption of Industry 4.0 in MSMEs. Small business research programmes for encouraging R&D in MSMEs need to be established. The support to micro innovations will create a culture of innovation across the workforce.

At the national scale, programmes on Smart and Advanced Manufacturing to address the shortage of high-tech human resources are needed. This also would start with simple automation and leadup to rapid production through 3D printing.

In information and communication infrastructure, the BharatNet project is already underway with the goal of eliminating the digital divide. The challenges in the implementation of its Phase 2 and phase 3, which will complete the last-mile connectivity to every part of the nation, can be met by encouraging the use of advanced communication technologies like mmWave communication and FreeSpace Optics. India's active participation in formulating international standards must increase and expand. As a result of its recent efforts, the 5Gi standard has been approved, which is designed specifically to serve rural and remote regions in developed countries.

In the broad sense of logistics and transport, the Bharatmala project must be expedited and more Dedicated Freight Corridors be established. These projects should be implemented with new materials/techniques developed for construction. The FASTag project is already being implemented, although some streamlining remains. Here, this learning should be expanded to create an IT-enabled traffic management system in urban regions and to geospatial tracking and management for long-haul vehicles. Coastal shipping and inland waterways infrastructure must also develop an IT-enabled platform. This is important for integrating different modes of transport and promoting multi-modal and digitised mobility.

In education and employment, the implementation of the National Education Policy 2020 is underway. At the school education level, flexibility in educational streams and vocational education, clubbed with a new innovation ecosystem at the ground level by expanding the Atal Tinkering Labs program is needed. For higher education, there is a need to increase laboratory facilities and encourage non-linear studies. Such open access to education, clubbed with accelerated lab-to-market processes through Virtual Incubators, must be established. Similarly, re-skilling and up-skilling training through firms or through unemployment assistance programs must be offered. This will rapidly transform the workforce and also offer social security.

In health and wellness, affordable housing in urban areas has been given a huge push to improve workers' living conditions and ensure equity. Looking forward, this can be clubbed with innovative construction technologies and integrated with a circular economy to provide a strong impetus to economic growth. The establishment of a network of Health and Wellness Centres (HWCs) should be complemented with public health programmes through soft touch governance, using targeted messaging and mobilizing the youth. Universal access to basic healthcare can be achieved rapidly through e-Health projects and telemedicine. The popularity of personal health and wellness technologies can be leveraged by supporting innovation in manufacturing of low-cost solutions.

In local governance, the emphasis must be placed to using and enabling technology. Spatial planning using GIS tools and land use monitoring using geospatial data increase the efficiency and productivity of the region. Ward committees and areas should be activated with a technology-enabled 'Open Cities Framework' and the use of digital tools for feedback and reporting. In addition, the Digital Village programme must be scaled up rapidly to encourage the usage of information technology at the village level. This would include provision of citizen-centric services and increasing digital literacy through training. These changes can help achieve an engaged and active relationship between the government and the people.

In State and Central governance, the emphasis must be placed on implementing 'Minimum Government, Maximum Governance'. A major overhaul of the numerous civil services is needed and must be based on a citizen-centric framework implemented through advanced ICT systems. Administrative reforms need to be designed in the changing context of emerging technologies and the growing complexity of the economy. In addition, the scope of Swachh Bharat Mission may be expanded to cover initiatives for landfills, plastic waste and municipal waste and generating wealth from waste. This will create accessible and transparent governance.

Society today places a high value on innovative thinking primarily because it has been able to provide solutions to problems that conventional methods did not. The key insight here is that it is the utility of innovation, not the novelty that makes it so desirable. The most important challenge for New India will be to establish Sustainable Development for a Sustainable Future.

In response to the clarion call by the Honourable Prime Minister of India, it is our Sankalp that innovation and technology be leveraged consciously, to deliver a solution to this challenge for new India. This is the way. The way toward siddhi and beyond for New India@75.

The authors are Neeraj Sinha, Senior Adviser, Naman Agrawal, Senior Associate and Siddhey G Shinde, Young Professional at NITI Aayog. 

Views expressed are personal. 

Essay on India of My Dreams for Students and Children

500 words essay on india of my dreams.

India is a country where people of all cultures and religions coexist together. I suppose that each of us has dreamt about some version of India. Obviously, we may dream about anything at any time, and as Indian citizens, we are continuously looking for methods to improve our country and see a better India. Peace and prosperity are my hopes for our great country. India will be a great country when every citizen follows the rule of law, supports the nation with their families, and does something to make India a better place.

The India of my dream would be a country where women are safe and walk freely on road. Also, it will be a place where there is freedom of equality to all and everyone can enjoy it in their true sense. Furthermore, it would be a place where there is no discrimination of caste, color, gender , creed, social or economic status, and race. In addition, I see it as a place that sees an abundance of development and growth.

How can we make our dream India possible?

If we collectively look into everything, we will be able to identify the causes and solutions to all of the world’s problems. Similarly, building a great nation and resolving its deep-rooted problems is an attainable goal. India must have the following characteristics in order to become a Great Country:

• Law That Is Just and Effective
• Society of Peace
• Equality of opportunity for everyone
• Uncorrupted systems
• Unbiased educational system

When these things become a reality, the entire country will take notice, and everyone will have the opportunity to enjoy a healthy and prosperous life. That is why we must all work together to bring about change in our country and contribute to improving people’s lives. Every person must work with their family and society, as well as support our government, which is also doing its bit by providing adequate education, transportation, food for everybody, and employment opportunities to all segments of society.

Technological Advancement

I would like to see India become more scientifically, technologically, and agriculturally sophisticated. I want to see an India where rationality and scientific ideas triumph over blind faith and bigotry. Because the present age is the age of science and information technology, I would like to bring India to the pinnacle of scientific and technical advancement. Scientific and technological developments are required since they are a critical stepping stone in the development of a country.

Women Empowerment

There is a lot of discrimination against women. But, still, the women are stepping out of their houses and making a mark on different fields and on society. In addition, there are a lot of areas that need to be worked upon whether it is female feticide or restricting them to the household task. Besides, many NGO and social groups have come forward to promote women empowerment .

However, we have to work hard to change the mindset of society. I dream of India as a country that sees women as its assets, not as liabilities. Also, I want to place women on an equal level as men.

Though there are many initiatives by the government to promote education. But there are many people who do not realize its true importance. The India of my dream will be a place where education will be mandatory for all.

I wish there were no uneducated people in India of my dreams. I would like to see India implement a system of education that allows every individual to earn a living. In my dream India, I would like the people of my country to appreciate the value of education and to encourage their children to pursue school rather than working in menial professions at a young age.

Employment Opportunities

Although there are many educated people in India. But, due to corruption and many other reasons they are unable to get a decent job. Besides, there are many employment opportunities in the country but they are either limited or don’t pay well enough. One of the reasons for this is weak industrial growth in the country.

In addition, reservation is a hindrance in this path as most of the deserving candidates lose their good opportunities because of it. Many of these deserving candidates go abroad and work for the economic growth of other countries . The Indian of My dream will be a place where the deserving candidate will get the job first rather than reserved candidates.

Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas

Caste Discrimination

Though India got independence in 1947, still we are not able to get complete independence from caste, religion, and creed discrimination. It is shameful to see how in certain parts of the country the people of the lower section of the society are denied the basic rights .

However, there are various social groups that speak for their rights and help them to oppose this oppression. Besides, I dream of an India where there is no discrimination of any kind.

Corruption is one of the major reasons that are hindering the growth of the nation . Instead of making an effort to serve the growth of the country the officials and politicians are busy filling their own pockets. So, I dream of an India where the minister and official are dedicated to their work and wholly for the development of the country.

A big number of well-educated persons appear to be unemployed as a result of politicians’ severe corruption and harshness. Because of the reservation system, the majority of deserving individuals have been denied the opportunity. My hope for India is that deserving applicants, not reserved candidates, receive the correct jobs. I would also like to see India become a place where the government’s primary focus is on the benefit of the country.

In conclusion, the India of my dream will be an ideal country where every citizen will be equal. Also, there is no discrimination of any type. In addition, it will be a place where women are seen as equals to men and respected equally.

Gender Discrimination and Inequality

It’s terrible to see how, despite showing themselves in every aspect of life, women are still regarded as inferior to males. My ideal India will be one in which women are protected in all circumstances, good or bad. There will be no more torture, domestic violence, or male dominance over women. Women will be able to pursue their dreams with greater freedom. In my future country, they should be treated equally and have the right to care. It would be a location where the safety of women would be of the first importance.

Medical Support

The sole goal of the medical profession shall be to protect people free from discomfort and sickness, with proper regard and respect for age and with all due consideration for the health of all the best medical facilities available. Not for profit, but for the sake of service. The elderly would be properly cared for, and life would appear to be worth living for as long as they lived. People in my ideal country would be born healthy, hopeful, and happy, and they would live happily ever after.

FAQs about Essay on India of My Dreams

Q.1 Why India of my dream is difficult to achieve? A.1 India of my dream is difficult to achieve because there are many social, religious, and political problems. Only after getting rid of them, we can think about the India of my dream.

Q.2 Does corruption is the only hindrance in the path of development in India? A.2 No, there are many other hindrances in the path of development of India but corruption is a hindrance.

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India In 2030 (Essay Sample)

India in 2030.

Today, the difficulties of the world are destitution, lack of education, drinking water, spotless and environmentally friendly power vitality, fair dissemination of assets, quality instruction with values for all, beating societal lopsided characteristics, curing ailments, quality medicinal services for all and great living conditions. Singular countries are attempting to discover an answer for these difficulties. Notwithstanding, numerous global measurements for the reason and arrangements exist. Subsequently, working for arrangements is an aggregate obligation of the worldwide group. By the year 2030, India would be known as the United States of India. It would have turned into a created nation by that point. According to survey, India is ready to assume control over the created nations to rise at the highest point of the stack in the worldwide financial superpower group by 2030. This paper seeks to describe the profile of India in 2030.

Thoughts and advancements are not any more topographically or politically limited. A creation made today some place sets aside no opportunity to discover its market a huge number of miles away. Consistent stream of data and individuals likewise implies that nearby or provincial issues will constantly increase worldwide unmistakable quality and unaddressed issues including neediness can change quickly into worldwide fear based oppression. This stream of thoughts has likewise prompted expanding significance of worldwide human rights and proliferation of the possibility of majority rules system. This will be a universe of countries where the gap amongst rustic and urban, rich and poor people, created and creating has limited; where there is an impartial conveyance to vitality and quality water; where center capabilities of every country are recognized; Missions synergizing the center skills of countries prompt monetary favorable position and quicker improvement of social orders; where all understudies of all social orders are conferred instruction with esteem framework; where moderate quality social indemnity is accessible to all.

Here, administration will be responsive, straightforward and debasement free. Where violations touching ladies and kids are truant and none in the general public feels distanced. A nation, which can give a perfect, green condition to all natives, is prosperous, solid, secure, without fear based oppression, quiet and cheerful. A country with innovative administration to guarantee instruments that, determine clashes amongst countries and social orders keeping peace and flourishing of the world as a goal. One of the objectives is to decrease the provincial urban partition over the world. More than three billion individuals live in provincial locales and strengthening of these three billion is critical from the point of view of comprehensive advancement, supported peace and shared prosperity. Bridging of the country urban gap is firmly connected with the mission of defeating neediness and imbalance. Around seventy percent of the world’s outrageous poor live in towns. Driven by the requirement for instruction, medicinal services and salary, the rustic populace is relocating to urban territories for better open doors, frequently meeting with give up. This further adds to urban neediness too prompting anxieties and societal turbulence. The provincial ranges of the world have unharnessed assets, potential, youth and conventional abilities. They must be urged to include esteem. One would need to advance manageable improvement frameworks and convey in an entrepreneurial way. The need of great importance is the advancement of manageable frameworks that go about as empowering agents and convey comprehensive development and incorporated improvement to countries of the world.

In conclusion, India will be a mainstream put for its hysterical and chronicled things in 2030. India is ready to assume control over the created nations to rise at the highest point of the stack in the worldwide financial superpower group by 2030. Its administration will be responsive, straightforward and debasement free. India will be a nation, which can give a perfect, green condition to all natives, is prosperous, solid, secure, without fear based oppression, quiet and cheerful.

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India’s Next Decade: Some Predictions, Some Speculations

Most of our debates focus on the here and now: issues such as the Covid-19 challenges, border disputes with China, the Agriculture Bills, phone hacking by Pegasus, or the banking sector’s continued bad debt crisis. However, the most important challenges – as well as the most promising opportunities – are what economists call “beyond the horizon” problems. Thanks to our evolution from the reptilian brain and our hardwired survival instinct, we systematically overestimate the magnitude of current challenges and underestimate the challenges that are far away.

This year is the thirtieth anniversary of India’s much vaunted economic reforms. Much has changed since then. In the early decades of independence, India had internalised poverty. In debates whether subsidies or infrastructure should be government priority, because of resource constraints and the zero sum nature of the expenditures, often-times subsidies got priority and long term investments lagged. The “Hindu rate of growth”, which translated to 1.3% per capita growth came to define India’s post-independence performance in early decades, (see Virmani, (2004)) [1] . Today’s India – in its reality and in its aspirations – is dramatically different. Ralph Waldo Emerson famously said: “The years teach much which the days never know.” My corollary: the years hide stories that only decades can tell.

This essay will attempt to look a decade ahead. I will cover a broad range of issues that I believe can be game changers for our country. Navigating these will require not just sound rational analysis, but also political will. And even more, it will require a preparation of society’s diverse constituents. Taken together, these will propel us forward. As we dwell on the decade ahead, it will be useful to recall Abraham Lincoln’s prophetic insight: “The best way to predict your future is to create it.”

1. Operating Leverage of the Indian Consumer Will Be a Potent Force

While there will be inevitable swings in economic conditions, there is a strong unidirectional tailwind that is extremely favourable. I call it the operating leverage of the Indian consumer. For a majority of Indians, out of every Rs 100 of annual income, Rs 80 gets spent on day to day expenses. Only the remaining Rs 20 is discretionary income. If Indian nominal wage growth is 9% [2 ] , which is what the average has been, and if one deducts 4% inflation from this, the real wage growth would be 5%. In real terms, median income increases to Rs 105 annually. However, the median discretionary income goes from Rs 20 to Rs 25; that’s an increase of 25%. We have millions of Indians crossing this threshold, where they have nominal wage growth in the 8-10% range, but in real terms, their discretionary income is growing at 20%.

Business cycles can subdue this trend only somewhat over the short term. Over the medium term, and certainly over the long term, this trend will stay on course. The results of this are quite profound. Here’s a sample: Private general insurers have grown 18.5% and health insurers 21.2% in the decade of 2010-2020 [3] , on the back of increasing market penetration and shift of market share from public sector companies to private insurers because of better quality of their services. Barring the Covid-19 disruption, advertising growth—a direct consumer proxy—has tracked 12% annualised growth over the past decade [4] . Consumer durables have witnessed a 20% growth from 2012-2020. Company-specific numbers show similar trends: Telecom company Jio has grown its wireless subscribers from 186.6 million in end 2017-2018 to 387.5 million at the end of 2019-2020 [5] and its aggressive pricing has made India’s data consumption 11.96GB per subscriber per month on average in 2020 (TRAI, 2020), not just the highest in the world but more than 2x that of the US levels. In the past 20 years, electrical goods company Havells has increased its revenues almost 100x and its profits more than 300x, and as investors have come to realise its potential, its market cap has jumped 6,000x since its listing in 1994. (Just as a fun comparison, since Amazon’s IPO in 1997, its market cap is up 4,000x till date, making Jeff Bezos the richest man in the world.) All of this has one common theme: the Indian consumer. While there is some criticism that Indian purchasing power is limited, effectively, consumer markets are smaller than what top-down analysis shows, and market segments are saturating fast, and my own sense is that there is plenty of headroom. 2030 will see more of the above.

In the top ten industries producing India’s billionaires, the two largest contributors are information technology and pharmaceuticals, both of which are primarily global-contracting sectors.

The mix of India’s billionaires points to the consumer boom. Historically, as domestic markets have been small, exporters have been the darlings of industry. In the top ten industries producing India’s billionaires, the two largest contributors are information technology and pharmaceuticals, both of which are primarily global-contracting sectors. Most of the rest are consumer goods and related sectors: fast moving consumer goods, automotive, food and beverages, textiles and apparel. And in a divergence from its Asian peers, in India, real estate ranks 10 th and infrastructure does not feature on the list at all.

This consumer-centric gravitational pull that one sees in legacy businesses also holds true in the world of disruption. Low penetration levels in most market segments have opened the opportunity for entrepreneurs to launch new products and brands, in online, offline and omni-channel modes. India today has 100 unicorns [6] , and added 3 a month in 2021 [7] . A report by Praxis Global Alliance(2021) is optimistic that India currently has 190 “Soonicorns” which are likely to graduate to Unicorn status by 2025. Fintech happens to be the largest generator of unicorns, followed by retail, online classifieds and travel, education and food, content and gaming. The time taken to reach unicorn-status has shrunk from an average of 7.4 years in 2010 to 2.4 years now, and based on the current trend lines, one can expect 250 unicorns by 2030. My prediction: powered by the domestic consumption boom, the most sought after jobs in 2030 will not be Unilever or Goldman Sachs, which have traditionally ruled Day 1 in top-tier campus recruitments, but in yet to be born, bootstrapped, adrenaline-driven, Unicorn-aspirant startups.

In the consumer sphere, two contra-trends are simultaneously true. New, but traditionally-driven consumer brands continue to create extraordinary wealth. Just look at Vini Cosmetics which makes the Fogg brand of deodorant. Or Pulse in the candy business, started by a true-blooded traditional paan masala company. Or Biba in women’s apparel, Fab India in handwoven garments and home furnishings, Forest Essentials in Ayurveda based skin care, MDH in spices, Veeba in sauces. The list is endless. At the same time, in category after category, digitally native brands are making their mark. Boat’s headphones are a rage with the 20-something crowd. Mama Earth’s skincare products have caught the imagination of young women. Licious found a white space in the meat industry and is attempting to create a direct-to-consumer brand in an otherwise disorganised sector. Country Delight, with its deep supply chains, is disrupting the dairy industry. Pharmeasy, a company we are shareholders in, has built India’s largest online pharmacy, became a Unicorn last year, and is planning an IPO pegged at a $5-6 billion valuation.

India’s disposable income led consumer boom is going to have profound changes in the financial markets as well. Currently as on 30 th Sep 2021, the top seven sectors constituting the Nifty 50 stock market index are financial services (37.23% weightage), information technology (17.41%), oil and gas (12.30%), consumer goods (11.11%), automobile (4.71%), pharma (3.39%), and construction (2.69%) [8] . By 2030, there will be large changes in this composition as the Indian economy evolves. Financial services and oil and gas will reduce their weightage, and consumer goods will clearly gain. A few months ago, Tata Consumer Products replaced Gas Authority of India Limited in the index. And there’s talk that retailer DMart and consumer internet behemoth InfoEdge will soon be included in the index as well. Such changes will affect how India’s savings are eventually invested, creating a positive feedback loop. In more ways than one, this will be the decade of the Indian consumer!

2. Structural Roadblocks and Constraints Will Continue

Offsetting the secular trend of disproportionate increase in disposable income driving consumption-led-growth, there are several challenges that we cannot wish away as a society. We cannot expect government leaders to solve them in the course of the next decade, though we can expect they can be moderated to some degree.

India’s growth will be distorted by the differentials in economic activity in the West and the South as compared to the North and the East.

India’s growth will be distorted by the differentials in economic activity in the West and the South as compared to the North and the East. Already, on average, India’s southern and western states have been growing materially faster than their northern and eastern peers. By 2019, the three richest states in India on an absolute GDP basis were Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and Gujarat. Then came Uttar Pradesh. When one considers that Uttar Pradesh’s population is 3x that of Gujarat and its economy is similar in size to Gujarat, the story becomes shocking [9] . Per capita income of Gujarat, on the basis of Net State Domestic Product is 3x more than that of UP. Here are some more counter-intuitive statistics: Goa, India’s richest state on a per capita basis is more than 10x richer than Bihar, India’s poorest. Punjab, long considered India’s rich state, currently has a smaller GDP than the split-up states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana individually; even on a per capita basis, it ranks much below Telangana and is neck-to-neck with Andhra Pradesh. Indeed, the future comes slowly, and then suddenly.

This would have at least three implications: Given the vastly different levels of prosperity, it would be difficult to get India’s 4817 legislators – the total number of members of parliament and of the various legislative assemblies – to reach common ground on the way forward for India. Moreover, if one adds the cultural and language differences between the rich and the poor states, the electorate would likely turn inward. The prosperous middle class in, say Tamil Nadu, would wonder why their tax monies are being spent to subsidise the inefficiencies of the masses of Uttar Pradesh. The urban crowds of Bangalore or Pune—fearing risks of squalor and crime—may not take too kindly to the rush of poor migrants from Bihar. Such fault lines have been seen in China and Korea, though these countries created high quality jobs in manufacturing, which is less true in India, and given the linguistic differences, managing these will be a fine art at all levels of the administration.

In the run up to 2030, India’s leaders will have to address the skewed nature of India’s development and will have to counter two fundamental questions, both of which have no correct answer.

India has lifted 271 million people out of poverty in the last decade (between 2006 and 2016) [10] , as per the United Nations Development Programme’s 2019 Multidimensional Poverty Index. This number is sometimes contested because of inaccuracies and lags in Indian economic data. Nonetheless, India’s extraordinary feat in tackling poverty hides many inconsistencies, as has been pointed out by Nobel laureate Amartya Sen and economist Jean Dreze in their earlier book “An Uncertain Glory”. Gender, caste and geographical disparities haunt India’s poor. Like elsewhere in the world, rising inequality is an issue in India. India’s Gini Coefficient – a standard measure of income inequality – is already worrying, especially given our stage of development. However, this picture of inequality is very different from western experience in the past decade, where standards of living for large sections of society have declined as compared to that of their parents. In India and in most developing countries, absolute gains have been across the board, even though uneven.

In the run up to 2030, India’s leaders will have to address the skewed nature of India’s development and will have to counter two fundamental questions, both of which have no correct answer. One is philosophical. The contradiction between liberty and equality – highlighted in Will Durant’s remarkable book “The Lessons of History” – will need to be addressed. The other is political. In a famous interaction between former Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and an un-named Chinese minister on the Chinese reform programme, when asked whether it would lead to greater inequality in China, the Chinese minister replied “We would certainly hope so.” Ideologically, I consider myself the right fringe of the left-movement, and would suggest that each one of us, not just political leaders or policy wonks, take a hard, holistic and pragmatic look at this question. 2030 is waiting for our answer.

3. Smart Policy Solutions and a Sense of Ownership Will Be Important

My generation has been fortunate that we started our work life in the aftermath of the 1991 reforms. India’s growth rate quickly got reset to an upward trajectory. As India shed its socialist leanings and internalised the dynamism of free markets, the very definition of the ideological centre in the left-right economic dialogues moved decidedly towards the right. This trajectory has continued under governments of all hues and has been accelerated in the recent policy announcements. Indeed, the debates from thirty years ago seem archaic.

As India shed its socialist leanings and internalised the dynamism of free markets, the very definition of the ideological centre in the left-right economic dialogues moved decidedly towards the right.

As businessmen, we need to benchmark what our economic expectations are. First, we need to anchor it to the reality of the country. Economic theory tells us that growth is investment rate divided by incremental capital output ratio. Both are sticky numbers. India’s investment rate for long stretches has hovered around 30% [11] . The investment rate is strongly correlated to India’s savings rate, which in turn is partly cultural and partly determined by the dependency ratio. Because of our high dependency ratio, our savings rate in the 1960s was almost half of what it is currently. As our savings rate doubled, so did our growth. India’s incremental capital output ratio is about 4 and is inching upwards. Therefore, India’s fighting weight in terms of economic growth is in the range of 7-7.5% and this is what it should strive for.

Second, we have to think probabilistically. We have to imagine scenarios and work with possibilities rather than a deterministic path. India’s growth will fluctuate around this number, and we should not get ecstatic if it goes to 9% briefly or collapses to 4.5% periodically. Both have happened and have invited extreme views. As India’s investment rate has circumstantially fluctuated, we have seen its effect on the GDP figures, most of which is short-lived. To borrow from Rudyard Kipling, we have to learn to meet with Triumph and Disaster, and treat those two impostors just the same!

Third, superficial comparisons with other countries are misleading. For instance, an oft-asked question in business circles is how China managed a spectacular growth rate of 10% for almost two decades. Here’s the answer: In most of that period, China’s savings rate was 45% and its incremental capital output ratio was about 5. The math was simple. Years of sub-par investments fuelled by a debt binge increased the incremental capital output ratio to 7 or more [12] . Growth fell at 6.5%. The magic ended. One should not consider this a failure, but a somewhat natural outcome of the economy maturing.

Fourth, India’s favourable demographic window will create what Charlie Munger calls the “Lollapalooza” effect. Berkshire Hathaway Vice Chairman Charlie Munger coined the term to outline how multiple different tendencies and mental models combine to act in the same direction. Low dependency ratios will fuel a self-reinforcing cycle of savings, investments and growth. A bulge in working age population, which started in 2018 and is expected to last till 2050 [13] , can help turbocharge growth, as happened with many Asian countries in the late 20 th century, which saw near-double digit economic growth for decades. To borrow from astrology, India’s stars are rightly aligned.

If one stays with India’s natural fighting weight in terms of economic growth, in the short to medium term, good governance can change the number by 1%.

Governments matter. In some ways, more than we think. In other ways, less than we think. In the early 1990s, 40.85% [14] of Uttar Pradesh’s population and 22.19% of the combined Andhra Pradesh was below the poverty line. Both were near the bottom of the league tables. Twenty years later in 2011-12, Uttar Pradesh’s poverty rate was 29.43% [15] , while Andhra Pradesh had managed to reduce it to 9.20%. Political entrepreneurship clearly works. On the other hand, in the near term global macro and economic cycles matter more than governance. If one stays with India’s natural fighting weight in terms of economic growth, in the short to medium term, good governance can change the number by 1%. Global conditions—trade barriers, commodity prices, interest rates—can change this by a larger factor. In the long term, as macro-forces cancel each other, global macro goes into the background. What’s left is governance. People often tend to misattribute credit and blame. Political and election cycles, the recurring hum of central government or some state government elections, amplify this trend. So, one request, my friends: don’t focus on 2022 or even 2025, but on 2030!

Optimism is warranted. Here’s a surprising fact from the World Bank: Their “Lived Change Index” uses lifetime per capita GDP to track how much economic change a population has experienced [16] . Over the past three decades, China is an outlier, having delivered 31x, with runner up Poland at 9x, and India comes in 6 th at 5x, ahead of Singapore, Malaysia and Brazil. India needs to continue to play the long game well.

An ascending India of 2030 will act in a versatile manner, have foresight and will shape the global agenda.

At the same time, speed will be of essence. Consider the following world events: coup in Myanmar, power crisis in Texas, Australia vs Facebook, Bitcoin hit $50,000, China banned BBC, NASA landed on Mars, India sent vaccines to many countries, global drop in Covid cases, first US airstrike under Biden. As data researcher Norbert Elekes pointed out, all of these happened in the single month of February 2021. Given this accelerating pace of world events, an ascending India of 2030 will act in a versatile manner, have foresight and will shape the global agenda.

4. The Action Will Be at the Intersection of Politics and Economics

The adage “The economy is too important to be left to economists” is often attributed to Winston Churchill but here I am referring to the seminal book by Robert Reich, well known UC Berkeley academic and former Labour Secretary in the Clinton Administration. He wrote passionately about the role of government in the era of late stage capitalism that we are in. South Korea’s “Miracle on the Han River”, from the early 1960s to the late 1980s, is considered unprecedented in the history of the world, and was led by its outward looking government. China’s transformation was anchored by Deng Xiaoping’s “To be rich is glorious” moment in the late 1970s. Germany, Mexico, Czech Republic, all had similar political champions.

In India, as political power devolves from the centre to the states, governance will become a deeper determinant of success.

In India, as political power devolves from the centre to the states, governance will become a deeper determinant of success. Whether it is managing the government’s precarious finances or streamlining the maze of direct and indirect taxation, whether it is solving the accumulated problems of bad loans on the books of India’s banks or bringing real long-term interest rates down from the high 5% that has haunted Indian business, whether it is navigating the world of trade agreements or strategising as multinationals ponder over their China+1 plans, whether it is tackling head on India’s poor social indicators or upgrading India’s state capacity, whether it is advancing India’s geopolitical standing or optimising India’s privatisation programme, whether it is tech-sector regulation or accelerating action on India’s legal backlog of 45 million cases [17] , whether it is catching up on India’s infrastructure needs or solving India’s agricultural inefficiencies, the winning formula will reside at the intersection of politics and economics. Economics will provide the logic, politics will provide the leeway.

India’s demographics is both a boon and a bane. India’s window of opportunity is perhaps the next decade and a half.

India’s demographics is both a boon and a bane. India’s window of opportunity is perhaps the next decade and a half. The over-65 population is projected to overtake the under-five group between 2025 and 2030. “India Ageing Report 2017” by the United Nations Population Fund says the share of population over the age of 60 would increase from 8% in 2015 to 19% in 2050. All this will reverse the trend of declining dependency ratios, hurt the savings-investment-growth dynamic, and moderate India’s economic growth rates. I read a tweet recently, which reflected the sentiments of Middle America: “The lifestyle you ordered is out of stock,” This would likely play out in India as well. With the build up of aspirations on one side and the weight of demographic reversals on the other side, tensions will surely mount.

Political leaders will have to lead with a singular focus and follow Jim Collins’ management advice regarding leadership in a world of complexity and uncertainty: “Instead of being oppressed by the “Tyranny of the Or”, highly visionary companies liberate themselves with the “Genius of the And”— the ability to embrace both extremes of a number of dimensions at the same time.” For Vision 2030 and beyond, boxes are out, fluidity is in.

Policy adventurism has long tails. For instance, recent news reports [18] , though contested [19] , show how government finances have been hurt by the oil bonds of the 2005-10 period, which were issued by the government to oil marketing companies to compensate for under-recoveries resulting from rise in crude prices which they were not allowed to pass on to consumers and industry. These, estimated between $10 to $18 billion, is now coming due, starting from late 2021 through to 2026. Such exercises of creative management of the Union Budget have added up to make government finances precarious and are effectively making taxpayers today pay for subsidies handed out to consumers more than a decade ago. In most such cases, politics wins, economics loses. Hard headed economics needs to be brought centre-stage.

In the near term, while the seductive appeal of nationalism, populism and protectionism will prevail, ultimately the pendulum will swing towards global integration, and our own historical experience of being an autarky will probably make us a champion of free markets and globalisation as this decade comes to an end.

Political polarisation would also likely have economic solutions. In a very timely essay in The American Purpose, Steven Feldstein (2021), a Fellow at the Carnegie Endowment, spoke about the risks of technologically driven echo chambers and safe havens: “There is a risk that democracies will fracture even further, into “splinternets,” unable to coordinate norms and standards.” Such risks are even more stark in India because of its multidimensional diversity. A singular focus on tangible prosperity can channelise the narrative. In the near term, while the seductive appeal of nationalism, populism and protectionism will prevail, ultimately the pendulum will swing towards global integration, and our own historical experience of being an autarky will probably make us a champion of free markets and globalisation as this decade comes to an end. And importantly, India has been conditioned to look West. Much of the action now is in the East and as India cracks the East Asian trade networks, the rewards are likely to be disproportionate.

As the world moves from bilateralism to multilateralism, alignments will be more issue based and tactical, giving Middle Powers like India new abilities to shape the world.

The Lowy Asia Power Index (2020) ranks countries based on eight criteria: economic capability, military capability, resilience, future resources, economic relationships, defence networks, diplomatic relations and cultural influence. Directly or indirectly, all of these factors are a confluence of political and economic forces. In the 2020 survey, India ranked 4th, after the United States, China and Japan. By 2030, India could easily come 3rd, if not 2nd. Geopolitically, India will have an opening: As the world moves from bilateralism to multilateralism, alignments will be more issue based and tactical, giving Middle Powers like India new abilities to shape the world. However, capitalising on it, will require an integrated worldview, the core of which will be India’s economic strength, aided and abetted by political craftsmanship, the deep roots of the Indian diaspora, and India’s near-natural status to be a counterweight to China.

The shortest poem in the world – Me, We – was recited by heavyweight boxing champ Muhammad Ali at the Harvard Commencement in 1975. It signified the paradox of self-confidence and deference to the community. The decade leading to 2030 will need Indian leaders to recite such poetry.

5. Conclusion: To Win, Practice Cathedral Thinking

The economic prize of 2030 may not seem that attractive at first glance. According to the World Economic League Tables (2021), India’s GDP in 2030 will be $6.2 trillion, translating to $4185 on a per capita basis. However, on a PPP basis, this would be at least 3x more, comparable to Indonesia, South Africa or Peru today. As a society we should endeavour to beat this base case. Getting there will require Cathedral Thinking.

Cathedral Thinking refers to long-term, visionary work that could take generations to complete. Much like building a massive cathedral, those who lay the first stones won’t be there to savour the finished product. Yet each worker is driven to make a meaningful contribution to something that will be enjoyed by future generations, who they’ll never meet. That is the long-range vision leaders need if India has to reach its true potential.

For those who think that a nation’s economic fate is determined by geography or culture, Daron Acemoglu and Jim Robinson (2012) have bad news. In their remarkable book, “Why Nations Fail”, they go through two thousand years of political and economic history, and conclude that it’s man-made institutions, not resources or endowments or the contingencies of history, that are the prime determinants of whether a country is rich or poor. India’s institutions need to be reset for the new era of global competition.

India of 2030 will look very different from an institutional setting and that will perhaps be the core driver of all the surface changes that we will encounter.

A few things stand out. India’s institutions are typically forced to cater to a range of conflicting demands. Regulators often play catch up with market realities. Many government policies have a crisis as a frame of reference. And lastly, in India’s defining moments, individual heroism trumps institutional initiatives. India of 2030 will look very different from an institutional setting and that will perhaps be the core driver of all the surface changes that we will encounter.

Success – amongst people, businesses, countries – is not a result of more good luck, less bad luck, bigger spikes of luck, or better timing of luck. Instead, they make more of their luck than others. The current decade is a time to maximise our return on luck!

256 Network & Praxis Global Alliance. (2021). Turning Ideas to Gold. Retrieved from url:https://www.praxisga.com/reports-and-publications/financial-investors-group/report-turning-ideas-to-gold

Acemoglu, D. & Robinson, J.A. (2012). Why Nations Fail: The Origins of Power, Prosperity and Poverty. New York: Crown Publishers, Random House.

Collins, J. & Porras, J.I. (1994). Built to Last: Successful Habits of Visionary Companies. United States: Harper Business. ISBN 0-060-56610-8

Dreze, J. & Sen, A. (2013). An Uncertain Glory: India and its Contradictions. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.

Durant, W. & Durant, A. (1968). The Lessons of History. Simon & Schuster.

Feldstein, S. (2021). Can Democracy Survive the “Splinternet?”. American Purpose. Retrieved from url: https://www.americanpurpose.com/articles/can-democracy-survive-the-splinternet/

India Ageing Report (2017). Caring for Our Elders: Early Responses, available at https://india.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/India%20Ageing%20Report%20-%202017%20%28Final%20Version%29.pdf

Lowy Institute Asia Power Index. (2020). Lowy Institute. Retrieved from: https://power.lowyinstitute.org/

Pitch Madison Advertising Report 2019. Retrieved from url: https://www.exchange4media.com/PMAR19-Final.pdf

Press Trust of India. (September 2, 2021). ‘India added three ‘unicorns’ per month in 2021: Hurun report’. Business Standard.

Reliance Industries Limited Integrated Annual Report 2019-2020. https://www.ril.com/getattachment/299caec5-2e8a-43b7-8f70-d633a150d07e/AnnualReport_2019-20.aspx

Reserve Bank of India Bulletin. August 2021. Volume LXXV Number 8. Retrieved from url: https://rbidocs.rbi.org.in/rdocs/Bulletin/PDFs/0BULLETINAUG2021767F2556D32A4061B0AC0EE3C54C1208.PDF

Telecom Regulatory Authority of India. (2020). The Indian Telecom Services Performance Indicators, July-September 2020. New Delhi. Retrieved from url: https://www.trai.gov.in/sites/default/files/QPIR_21012021_0.pdf

United Nations Development Programme. (2019). The 2019 Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI). United Nations Development Programme and Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative. Retrieved from url: http://hdr.undp.org/en/2019-MPI

United Nations Population Fund 2017. ‘Caring for Our Elders: Early Responses’ – India Ageing Report – 2017. New Delhi, India: UNFPA. Retrieved from url: https://india.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/India%20Ageing%20Report%20-%202017%20%28Final%20Version%29.pdf

Virmani, A., 2004. India’s economic growth: From socialist rate of growth to Bharatiya rate of growth, (No. 122). ICRIER Working Paper.

WORLD ECONOMIC LEAGUE TABLE (2021). Available at https://cebr.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/WELT-2021-final-23.12.pdf

Zac Dycthwald. (2021). China’s New Innovation Advantage. Harvard Business Review. Retrieved from url: https://hbr.org/2021/05/chinas-new-innovation-advantage

[1]  See https://www.financialexpress.com/archive/redefining-the-hindu-rate-of-growth/104268/

[2]  https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/at-92-salary-growth-in-india-is-highest-in-asia/article30462524.ece

[3]  See data from Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India

[4]  See Pitch Madison Advertising Report 2019 available here https://www.exchange4media.com/PMAR19-Final.pdf

[5]  Reliance Industries Limited Annual Report 2019-20, page 4

[6]  See 100 Unicorns: India’s changing corporate strategy, India Market Strategy, Credit Suisse, March 10, 2021. Quoted in RBI Bulletin, August 2021.

[7]  https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/india-added-three-unicorns-per-month-in-2021-hurun-report-121090200848_1.html

[8]  https://www1.nseindia.com/content/indices/ind_nifty50.pdf

[9]  Handbook of Statistics on Indian States, RBI

[10]  https://gdc.unicef.org/resource/report-india-lifted-271-million-people-out-poverty-decade

[11]  India’s investment rate as a percentage of GDP has fluctuated between 20% and 35%. With increase in NPAs this has been pulled down. However, the government has been prompt in taking strong actions by the Asset Quality Review followed by the introduction of Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code. These should bring back the NPAs to reasonable levels and kickstart the credit cycle.

[12]  https://www.brookings.edu/blog/future-development/2019/01/22/joyless-growth-in-china-india-and-the-united-states/

[13]  https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/age-dependency-ratio-projected-to-2100

[14]  https://www.rbi.org.in/scripts/PublicationsView.aspx?id=18810

[15]  https://www.rbi.org.in/scripts/PublicationsView.aspx?id=18810

[16]  https://hbr.org/2021/05/chinas-new-innovation-advantage

[17]  https://www.news18.com/news/explainers/explained-cji-ramana-says-4-5-crore-cases-pending-heres-what-has-been-fuelling-backlog-3977411.html

[18]  https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/the-oil-bonds-upa-launched-why-how-much-and-what-nda-argues-7458773/

[19]  https://scroll.in/article/894559/fact-check-have-upa-era-oil-bonds-prevented-modi-government-from-reducing-oil-prices

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• climate change

How Climate Disasters Are Making Food Expensive Everywhere 

I n today’s climate-changing world, climate events thousands of miles away drive the cost of everything around us—from a flight ticket to a new piece of clothing to the market price of a meal at your favorite restaurant. 

Take olive oil and chocolate as examples. Severe droughts in the Mediterranean have slashed Spain's olive harvest by 40%, driving up prices by 27% in June compared to last year for American consumers. Similarly , t he price of some chocolates , such as Cadbury’s Freddo, are already higher by 200% this year in Australia with similar price rise expected in the U.S markets, driven mostly by the extreme weather impacting small-holder cocoa farmers in Ghana and Ivory Coast.

Such climate disasters in wheat producing countries such as Argentina also impact essential food products such as breakfast cereal, pasta, and bread. The price of wheat—and wheat-based food products—has experienced some of its greatest volatility in years since 2021. Why? Wheat production in Argentina was hit by drought in 2021and then in 2023, panicking global wheat supply chains already stressed by the Russia-Ukraine crisis. Food companies reacted to this volatility by preemptively increasing consumer prices.

Wheat price spikes might mean an extra dollar for pasta for me as an Indian American now living in California, but for my cousins back in India, food inflation means cuts elsewhere, like education budgets . Growing up in countryside India in a joint family of 14, we often faced these challenges. When food prices increased, my three siblings and I had to switch to buying second-hand textbooks at the start of the new school year. A similar pattern has been observed in low-income American households , too, who switch to canned fruits and vegetables from fresh ones in response to rising food prices.

Our planet is locked into several decades of climate change, regardless of our current mitigation actions. As an entrepreneur working to make food and agriculture supply chains more climate-resilient, I know we need to fundamentally rethink our approach to supply chains to ensure affordable, available food for all.

Read More: How to Feed the World Sustainably

Food supply chains are among the most critical in the world, and they face some of the biggest climate change-related threats, such as extreme weather, rising temperatures, and water scarcity impacting crop yield and quality—all of which affect food security. But while climate change contributes significantly to this problem, other events such as wars compound it. Consequently, many governments enter “panic mode” and enact protectionist measures to protect their interests. However, this often has domino effects that add to the exact problem they intend to avoid—price surges across food supply chains disproportionately impacting lower and middle-income consumers, including farmers who  are net consumers themselves . Meaning, many farmers spend more money on food for their families than they make by farming crops.

In theory, policies such as nearshoring (relocating supply chains to neighboring countries such as Mexico), friendshoring (relocating supply chains to ally nations such as India) and “America First” are helpful for semiconductor supply chains. But they can’t work in food supply chains. Sriracha peppers can’t grow in Minneapolis, and avocados can’t grow in Canada. Even if countries succeed in diversifying their food supply chains with friendly nations, it doesn’t necessarily mean that supply chains on both sides won't be impacted simultaneously by climate events .

Instead, we need a radical rethinking of our approach to building resilience in food supply chains. So far, all the approaches to climate adaptation are country or company-specific. But this global challenge requires a global solution: a collective, cooperative effort that is proactive rather than reactive from governments and companies on an international supply chain level to build resilience in the face of climate change.

One of those global initiatives could be to launch supply chain climate adaptation plans (S-CAPs). These plans, similar to national climate adaptation plans, would be led by multilateral organizations—WTO or World Bank in collaboration with governments—and private sector companies in food, agrochemical, and transportation sectors. They would start by identifying vulnerable global food supply chains, focusing on essential foods like wheat and rice. They would map out areas prone to climate risks, critical transport routes, and important farming regions. Then, they would develop strategies and identify projects to reduce these risks, such as creating climate-resistant seeds, diversifying transport methods, investing in technology to detect hazards, and growing crops in safer areas.

An effort like this would require funding—a combination of international funding and companies’ contributions to support assessments, R&D, and implementation. In fact, unlike initiatives for cutting carbon emissions, driven mainly by reputational and regulatory concerns, initiatives to protect our food supply chains could have 2 times to 10 times the return on investment in the short-to-medium term. For instance, Ethiopia's investment in drought-resistant crops and water management increased yields by 40% and enhanced food security , returning $2 to $4 for every $1 spent.

An international agreement might not sound like the most exciting climate change solution, but it can help keep food stocked and prices low for everyday consumers. 

When the COVID-19 crisis hit, the world came together and went from having no knowledge of the virus to developing and deploying 5 billion vaccines within 18 months. We can certainly replicate that for the food crisis. But a collaboration mindset, rather than an America-first isolationist mindset, is critical to succeed.

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Participating in the IUCNAEL Colloquium (India 2024)

The 21st IUCN Academy of Environmental Law (AEL) Colloquium was hosted this year in July by the Gujarat National Law University situated in Gandhinagar (India). The theme of this year’s Colloquium was “Mission Life: Ensuring Environmental Sustainability and Climate Justice through Community Action”. IMEL was well represented at this year’s Colloquium. Associate Professor Melanie Murcott convened a special online panel on Climate Litigation in the Global South. The Panel was used to launch a special collection of papers published in the Journal of Human Rights Practice (2024), titled “Developments, Opportunities and Complexities in Global South Climate Litigation”. Those present on the panel explored the politics of knowledge production on climate change law and governance, and offered novel insights on challenges, opportunities, and complexities in Global South climate litigation. Professor Sandy Paterson was fortunate to be able to attend the Colloquium in person where he presented a paper titled “Learning from Protected Areas – Distilling Possible Lessons for Future OECM Regulation”. The paper explored the similarities and differences between protected areas and other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs), and proposed an array of potential legal lessons that could be drawn from the former for the latter. These legal lessons focused on the role of law in regulating and facilitating: system planning and site selection; recognition and long-term security; governance diversity; management; monitoring and reporting; and financing and incentives.

• general knowledge

What is Viksit Bharat, India’s 78th Independence Day theme to transform India into a developed country?

Today, India celebrates its 78th Independence Day, and Prime Minister Narendra Modi will hoist the national flag at the Red Fort for the 11th time. The Red Fort has been exquisitely decorated for this grand national occasion.

PM Narendra Modi hoisted the flag at the Red Fort on the occasion of India's Independence Day, marking the country's 78th year of independence. He addressed the nation and highlighted the government's achievements and future goals.

Every year, there is a theme that is decided for Independence Day celebrations. These themes are not just for decoration but are chosen to reflect the current priorities and values of the nation. This year's theme focused on 'Viksit Bharat', which emphasises the idea of a developed and progressive India by 2047.

To achieve the objective of 2047, he stated that governance reforms must be expedited and the governance delivery system must be further developed. Additionally, he talked not only about the 'Viksit Bharat 2047' but also about different initiatives that the government is taking to ensure sustainable development and growth in various sectors of the economy.

What is Viksit Bharat 2047?

Viksit Bharat is the 78th Indpendence theme, which aims to reflect on India's progress and envision its future growth by 2047.

The campaign aims to address various socio-economic challenges through a holistic approach, focusing on infrastructure, education, healthcare, technology, and sustainable development. It strives for inclusive growth, ensuring every citizen has access to basic necessities and opportunities for advancement. 

Investments in infrastructure projects, such as transportation networks and digital connectivity, facilitate economic growth and improve quality of life. Education reforms prioritise skill development and innovation, preparing the workforce for emerging industries. 

Healthcare initiatives aim to provide affordable and accessible medical services nationwide. Embracing renewable energy and environmental conservation efforts ensures sustainable progress. 

Viksit Bharat Abhiyan 2047 aims to transform India into a global powerhouse while preserving its cultural heritage and promoting social harmony through collaborative efforts by the government, private sector, and civil society organisations. 

Other Key Features From PM Narendra Modi’s Speech

• Focused on development and reforms across sectors like education, healthcare, space, and agriculture.
• Highlighted India's achievements in renewable energy and its commitment to climate change goals.
• Announced an increase in medical college seats (75,000) in the next 5 years and maternity leave for working women (from 12 to 26 weeks).
• Emphasised the need to eliminate caste-based and dynastic politics and involve fresh talent in democracy.
• Reiterated the goal of making India a developed nation by 2047.
• Five CRPF soldiers are receiving the Shaurya Chakra for their bravery in fighting Naxalites in Chhattisgarh. 
• Two of these soldiers, Constables Pawan Kumar and Devan C, sacrificed their lives and will be honoured posthumously. 
• India is observing 'Partition Horrors Remembrance Day' to remember those who suffered during the partition of India. 
• Prime Minister Modi and Home Minister Amit Shah paid tribute to the victims and emphasised the importance of learning from the past to build a stronger nation.
• India is committed to its ambitious renewable energy goals and is making significant progress.
• It is the only G20 country that met its Paris Climate Summit pledge ahead of schedule.
• India has successfully achieved its climate targets. The country is now aiming for 500 GW of clean energy by 2030.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi delivered the longest speech by an Indian prime minister during his 11th consecutive Independence Day address. The speech lasted 98 minutes, surpassing his previous record of 96 minutes set in 2016. His shortest Independence Day speech was 56 minutes, given in 2017.

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