a presentation on earthquake

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Earthquake Basics Presentation

Description.

A similar lecture featuring the USA's Pacific Northwest region is available from the Cascadia EarthScope Earthquake and Tsunami Education Program (CEETEP)

This resource is intended for introductory-level geoscience learners from secondary up to adult in a classroom or public lecture. Learners should have some knowledge of plate tectonics (ex. Alaska Plate Tectonics & Geohazards Presentation ). Although specific examples are from Alaska, much of the content is widely applicable.

Teaching Notes

• The slides contain a variety of notes to help users know the intention of the author.
• All the animations associated with the presentation are available above in a zipped file. The smaller animations are embedded within the PowerPoint but are provided again here in case there are any issues. The larger animations should be played outside of the PowerPoint as they is a bit too large to reliably embed. The logical place to do so is indicated in the pptx notes.
• Earthquake Machine
• Human Wave: Modeling P and S Waves
• Seismic Slinky: Modeling P and S waves
• USArray Seismic Wave Visualizations
• Pasta Quake & Earthquake Magnitude
• Earthquake Hazard Maps & Liquefaction
• Build a Better Wall
• BOSS Model: Building Oscillation Seismic Simulation
• SeismicWaves Viewer & SeismicEruption Software
• How Do We Know Where an Earthquake Originated?
• Base Isolation for Earthquake Resistance

Reference Information

Author/Developer: Robert Butler (ANGLE Project)

• The resource was developed as part of the EarthScope ANGLE Educator Workshops.
• IRIS: Glossary of earthquake & tectonics terminology
• Contact ANGLE with questions or comments.

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Earthquakes

Free Presentations in PowerPoint format

Understanding Earthquakes

Earthquakes and Faults

Earthquakes – Understanding Geology

Earthquakes – Preventing Disasters in Japan

Earthquakes – How Often Do They Occur?

Earthquakes and Building Safety

Earthquakes – What Causes Them?

Earthquakes and volcanoes

Earthquakes and Architecture

Earthquake Waves (salem)

See Also: Plate Tectonics , Ocean Motion , Natural Hazards

Free Online Earthquake GAMES & Kids Sites

Free Flash Presentations

For Teachers

Lots of Lessons – Earthquakes

Free Video Clips/Mini Movies

Free Online Science Games for Kids

Free Clipart for Science

Home / Free Creative Google Slides & PowerPoint Templates / Free Earthquake PowerPoint Presentation theme & Google Slides

Free Earthquake PowerPoint Presentation theme & Google Slides

About the Template

Free earthquake presentation theme.

Download our free earthquake presentation templat e, a vital tool that goes beyond slides aiming to save lives. On an average, earthquake of magnitude 8, takes around 10000 deaths annually. Collapsing buildings, roads, taking lives. The destruction is often compounded by floods, tsunami.

In today’s situation understanding earthquake dynamics is crucial and our disaster template stands as a beacon of comprehensive knowledge and impactful presentation.

As earthquakes pose a serious threat, waiting until it’s too late is not an option. Take charge now – empower your audience with the knowledge they need to stay safe in potentially dangerous situations. Don’t just present; revolutionize your approach to seismic education.

Download our Free Earthquake Template and redefine the way you communicate vital information. Because when it comes to earthquakes, awareness is the key, and our template unlocks a new level of understanding.

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Plate Tectonics and Earthquakes - Earth Sciences - 10th Grade

It seems that you like this template, plate tectonics and earthquakes - earth sciences - 10th grade presentation, free google slides theme, powerpoint template, and canva presentation template.

Our planet is constantly changing, and nowhere is this more evident than in the study of plate tectonics and earthquakes. "Wait, did you say 'plate tectonics'? Isn't it 'tectonic plates'?" Almost! Plate tectonics is a theory that states that Earth's litosphere has been in constant movement for billions of years via the tectonic plates, hence the confusion! This template has arrived to help you "shake up" the world of education. Customize the slides, the diagrams, the exercises, the graphs, the text boxes, everything included to start teaching in a successful way.

Features of this template

• 100% editable and easy to modify
• 35 different slides to impress your audience
• Contains easy-to-edit graphics such as graphs, maps, tables, timelines and mockups
• Includes 500+ icons and Flaticon’s extension for customizing your slides
• Designed to be used in Google Slides, Canva, and Microsoft PowerPoint
• 16:9 widescreen format suitable for all types of screens
• Includes information about fonts, colors, and credits of the resources used

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Earthquake Topics

• 100% Chance of an Earthquake — Earthquake statistics. (USGS)
• About Earthquakes — basics about earthquakes (University of Washington)
• Animations for Earthquake Terms and Concepts — Flash animations illustrating basic earthquake terms and concepts. (USGS)
• Be a Hero: Kid's - ready.gov — Activities and materials aimed at making kids more aware of hazard preparedness (FEMA)
• Cool Earthquake Facts — fascinating earthquake facts (USGS)
• Demonstrations of Geophysical Principles Applicable to the Properties and Processes of the Earth's Interior — demonstrations with photos and graphics (SUNY Binghamton)
• Digital Library for Earth Science Education — Searchable database of educational earth science resources for all grade levels. (DLESE)
• Discover Our Earth — Portal for teachers and students for learn the basics about earthquakes, volcanoes, plate tectonics, topography, and sea level changes. (USGS & DLESE)
• Earth Like a Puzzle — Plate tectonics basics. (Scripps)
• Earth Science Course Notes & Graphics — Professor Steve Dutch's excellent online resources for earth sciences with great images for teaching; all the goodies are behind the "Notes" links (Univ. of Wisconsin)
• Earth Science Education Activities — a wealth of excellent hands-on activities for teaching about earthquakes, volcanoes, seismic waves, plate tectonics, earth structure, seismic waves, convection, seismometers and more! (Purdue Univ.)
• Earth Science Explorer — virtual museum (NASA)
• Earthquake Practice Quiz — online quiz (Florida Intl. Univ.)
• Earthquake Quiz — online quiz (Univ. of Houston)
• Earthquake Science Explained — A series of short articles for students, teachers, and parents originally published as weekly features in The San Francisco Chronicle. This USGS General Information Product presents some of the new understanding gained and scientific advances made in the century since the Great 1906 San Francisco Earthquake. (USGS)
• Earthquakes — general overview of earthquakes, online USGS general interest publication (USGS)
• Earthquakes — PodCasts, presentations and fact sheets on the basics of earthquakes. (The Geological Society)
• Earthquakes — Information on the basics of earthquakes. (British Geological Survey)
• Earthquakes 101 "Slideshow" (PDF) — PDF format of a complete PowerPoint show for the basics (USGS)
• Earthquakes by Bruce A. Bolt Online Companion — links related to subjects covered in book (W.H. Freeman & Co.)
• Earthquakes: Seismic Destruction — links to photos of earthquake effects and tsunami effects (National Geographic)
• EarthScope Resources for Students & Teachers — Animations, online lectures, visualizations and more, mostly from IRIS. (EarthScope)
• Echando Raices en Tierra de Terremotos — Este manual provee información sobre por qué nos deben preocupar los terremotos en el Sur de California, qué debemos hacer para estar seguros y reducir el daño, y también qué debemos saber de lo básico sobre terremotos. (USGS & many other organizations)
• Faultline:Seismic Science at the Epicenter — lots of resources, information, activities and graphics concerning earthquakes in California (Exploratorium)
• Geological Online Exhibits — geologic time scale, plate tectonics animation, and more! (UC Museum of Paleontology, Berkeley)
• Geophysics Course Resources on the Internet — list of online course resources for undergraduate and graduate levels (Univ. of Houston)
• GSA Free Teacher Resources — A good resource for educators that includes lesson plans, info on state standards, awards, and reading suggestions (Geological Society of America)
• How Earthquakes Work — Description of the basics (How Stuff Works)
• IRIS Education and Public Outreach — An amazing collection of excellent education resources for all aspects of earthquakes and seismology with great images! (IRIS - Incorporated Research Institutes for Seismology)
• IRIS Education Resources — A multitude of educational resources for earthquake science, from visualizations and animations, to lessons and educational software. Awesome! (IRIS - Incorporated Research Institutes for Seismology)
• Living in Earthquake Country: A Teaching Box — 7 lessons with the goal of teaching students about how and why earthquakes cause damage. Explores seismic waves, the ability of scientists to predict the likelihood and severity of earthquakes at specific locations, the difference between magnitude and intensity, the occurrence of earthquakes along patches of planar faults, and the potential damage caused by earthquakes such as landslides, liquefaction, or structural failure. (DLESE)
• Mountain Maker, Earth Shaker — Push your mouse around to move continents and change the landscape (PBS)
• Paleoseismology, Introduction to — What is paleoseismology? How does it work? (USGS)
• ParsQuake — Earthquake education in the global Persian community. (ParsQuake.org)
• Perilous Earth: Understanding Processes Behind Natural Disasters — The basics including plate tectonics and earthquakes. (San Diego State Univ.)
• Plate Tectonics Activities — Games, quiz (Quia)
• Putting Down Roots in Earthquake Country — Earthquakes and preparedeness for everyone in California (regional booklets available), Utah, Central U.S., Nevada, Oregon, and Alaska (USGS)
• Recommended Reading about Earthquakes for Kids and Adults — list of books (USGS)
• Rocket Rules: Earthquake Materials for Children — Storybooks and accompanying activity books, and videos that include simple activities for learning, for example, how to secure furniture and objects, what supplies should go in a go bag, basic earthquake science concepts, and how to Drop, Cover and Hold On during shaking or when you receive an earthquake early warningincludes simple activities for learning how to secure furniture and objects, what supplies should go in a go bag, basic earthquake science concepts, and how to Drop, Cover and Hold On during shaking or when you receive an earthquake early warning. In multiple languages. (SCEC & Hero and You Foundation)
• San Andreas Fault, The — overview of the San Andreas Fault, online USGS general interest publication (USGS)
• Savage Earth, The — slick presentation of the earthquake basics with great graphics and animations (PBS)
• Science Education Resource Center (SERC) — Whether you're an undergraduate faculty member or a K-12 science teacher our suite of partner projects have materials you can use today. Connect with a community of peers as they share what really works in their classrooms. (Carleton College)
• Science Fair Project Ideas — specific projects with directions and ideas (USGS)
• Science of Earthquakes, The — brief and basic earthquake science concepts (USGS)
• Seismicity of the Earth 1900?2018 Map/Poster — Poster-sized map illustrating 119 years of global seismicity in the context of global plate tectonics and the Earth?s physiography. Primarily designed for use by earth scientists, engineers, and educators, this map provides a comprehensive overview of strong (magnitude [M] 5.5 and larger) earthquakes since 1900. (USGS)
• Seismology, Earthquakes, and Earth Structure, An Introduction to — online companion to the textbook by Seth Stein and Michael Wysession with electronic versions of all images and access to homework problems and solutions; also includes errata (Blackwell Publishing)
• Shake, Rattle, and Slide — Lessons, activities, and slide shows about earthquakes, volcanoes, and glaciers. (University of Illinois Extension)
• Staying Safe Where the Earth Shakes — A booklet that includes the "The Seven Steps to Earthquake Safety" - basic guidelines for what to do before, during, and after a damaging earthquake. (USGS)
• The HayWired Scenario: An Urban Earthquake in a Connected World — An ArcGIS geo-narrative storymap with compelling images showing the effects and consequences possible in the next large earthquake on the Hayward Fault in the San Francisco Bay Area. (USGS)
• Theory of the Earth — online book on the science of earthquakes (Caltech)
• Theory of the Earth, The New — This is the only book on the whole landscape of deep Earth processes that ties together all the strands of the subdisciplines. This book is a complete update of Anderson�??s Theory of the Earth (1989). (Caltech)
• This Dynamic Earth: The Story of Plate Tectonics — excellent comprehensive overview of plate tectonics with excellent graphics, online USGS general interest publication (USGS)
• Understanding Earthquakes — Brief history of seismology to 1910, earthquake and plate tectonic quizzes, earthquake accounts by famous people, elastic rebound animation, and links to addition resources. (UC Santa Barbara)
• Understanding Quakes — description, photos, and graphics of earthquake basics and effects of earthquakes in Turkey (The Why Files)
• UPSeis Seismology Questions Answered — magnitudes, research, locations, seismic waves, and all the basics explained, as well as preparedness and hazards (UPSeis, Univ. of Michigan)
• Volcano World's Earth Science Lessons — Lots of great earth science lessons good for all ages, slide-style with color diagrams and photographs (Oregon State University)

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Earthquake PowerPoint Templates & Google Slides Themes

Unlock your presentation potential: explore our collection of professionally crafted free and premium powerpoint templates and backgrounds for instant download.

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Earthquake PowerPoint Template

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Earthquake PowerPoint Presentation Themes FAQ

What are earthquake powerpoint templates.

A PowerPoint template is a pattern or blueprint for your slides that you save as a .pptx or .potx file.

All the Earthquake PowerPoint templates are natively built in PowerPoint, using placeholders on the slide master, color palettes, and other features in PowerPoint, and can contain layouts, theme colors, theme fonts, theme effects, background styles, and even content (according to Microsoft Office).

How to choose Earthquake PowerPoint templates for presentations?

Choose after carefully studying the template features and viewing the big preview images. All the product information is on the product page in the description and a list of the features can be found in the horizontal scrolling bar under the Download button. You may download a few free templates before making the final decision.

Who are Earthquake PowerPoint templates suitable for?

Why do i need earthquake powerpoint templates.

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ArcGIS Knowledge at the Esri User Conference 2024

We are excited to talk with you about ArcGIS Knowledge  at the Esri User Conference this summer! Come see the new Knowledge Studio web application just released along with other updates that improve web map integration and time-based analyses. And hear about our plans for the AI Graph Query Assistant on the way!

The Esri User Conference (UC) is one of the best opportunities we have to hear from you. Come talk to us about how this ArcGIS Enterprise capability extension is helping your organization connect, analyze and visualize large amounts of structured and unstructured data together within spatial knowledge graphs. We want to hear how else we can help expedite your workflows and decision making.

So pencil in time for one of our technical sessions or to talk to our product experts on the Expo floor. Or simply reach out to schedule a 1 on 1 !

Technical Sessions

These ArcGIS Knowledge sessions are specifically dedicated to ArcGIS Knowledge and led by product team members.

• ArcGIS Knowledge: An Overview (2 Sessions offered, 1 hour each) Great for the curious and those getting started with knowledge graphs and graph analytics
• ArcGIS Knowledge: Analysis Use Cases with Knowledge Graphs (45 min) See a variety of use cases and learn about different patterns for working with graph analytics to complement and enhance spatial analytics to support intelligence production, criminal investigations, supply chain risk mitigation, asset management and more…
• ArcGIS Knowledge: Data Integration Using Graphs (20 min) Get a quick, focused overview of the different ways to load and manage data in your knowledge graphs and work with existing graph databases

For the who, when, where, and what details for these dedicated Knowledge sessions, ✨ open this custom UC agenda ✨.

Just login to the UC conference page to add them to your own schedule and then access in San Diego using the free Events application .

For the Public Safety & Intelligence Communities

If you are joining us at the Safety and Security Summit July 13-14 at the Hilton Ballroom, be sure to look out for the following demos and sessions:

• Safety and Security Summit Plenary: Day 1 In part of this on-stage demo by Esri’s Ollie Brown, Knowledge will help discover and prioritize key meetings of interest using the Find Path tool to help accelerate intelligence production and mitigate uncertainty in the National Security space.
• Integrating Graph and Spatial Analytics to Support Investigations (15 min) In this overview, explore the expansive link analysis capabilities to explore a criminal network, linking together gang members by their vehicles mentioned in case reports 

And later in the week, check out:

• ArcGIS AllSource and ArcGIS Knowledge: Investigating Illicit Activity (45 min) See how ArcGIS Knowledge can help enhance investigations in the ArcGIS AllSource desktop tool to explore the Black Tulip Criminal Network, find persons of interest and use related motion video .
• Object-Based Analysis in ArcGIS Using Activity-Based Intelligence (1 hr) A GIS is the ideal system to analyze and exploit movement data. Whether your data comes from cell phone positions, GPS tags, or even artificial intelligence (AI) detections from video, ArcGIS provides a robust and flexible suite of tools that enables actionable analysis at any scale. In this workshop, learn how ArcGIS is used to solve your activity-based intelligence problems by characterizing activity, feeding your collections cycle, and share live results on both the desktop and the web.
• Exploring Spatial Relationships for Intelligence Operations (1 hr) With the abundance of data available to today’s intelligence analysts, synthesizing information and extracting relevant content is complex. The ArcGIS system includes applications designed to support intelligence operations and give analysts a competitive advantage by analyzing and visualizing data in new and compelling ways. In this session, you will learn how to use tools such as ArcGIS Knowledge and ArcGIS AllSource to conduct investigative, geospatial, and link analysis with real-world datasets.

Other Highlights Featuring Graph

• Spatial Analytics Summit In this lineup of all-things-analytics, be on the lookout for Esri’s Amy Clarke and her powerful maritime intelligence demonstration, leveraging ship movement analyses tools and ship social network analysis featuring the new ArcGIS Knowledge Studio web application.
• Exploring geologic-basin amplification of earthquake shaking using ArcGIS (User Presentation) Ken Rukstales of the US Geological Survey compares models of seismic shaking using spatial pattern analysis, machine learning, and knowledge graphs to explore the data.

Explore all sessions featuring ArcGIS Knowledge or graph analytics in the custom agenda linked below.

Drop by the Expo

Several product team members will be at our booth in the Spatial Analytics area during all Expo hours:

• Tue, July 16   | 09:00 a.m. – 06:00 p.m. PDT
• Wed, July 17  | 09:00 a.m. – 06:00 p.m. PDT
• Thu, July 18   | 09:00 a.m. – 04:00 p.m. PDT

Also on the Expo floor, we also have Solution Engineer specialists at the Public Safety, Defense and Intelligence, and Natural Resources industry booths with industry specific demos.

We hope to see you there!

Why ArcGIS Knowledge

Organizations work better when analysts and managers have immediate access to their data in full context in a data model that  is intuitive. They can achieve this by bringing information about the people, places, sensors and concepts that matter together using spatial and logical relationships using the language of their business or mission.

By leveraging the combined power of spatial and graph analytics in spatial knowledge graphs, analysts can find hidden and important patterns in your data quickly. Using ArcGIS desktop applications, ArcGIS Knowledge Studio in the web and Knowledge APIs (REST, Python, JavaScript, .NET) your analysts, data scientists and data engineers can surface that key data quickly in full context to stakeholders and decision makers.

ArcGIS Knowledge extends ArcGIS Enterprise, enabling advanced data investigations and collaboration through spatial knowledge graphs.

Getting Started

Check out these resources to learn up before UC!

• Graph Analytics Webinar for Public Safety
• Technical sessions and demo videos from previous conferences
• Training Options (Self Service and Instructor-Led)
• Join the Esri Community and find more resources
• Q2 2024 Latest ArcGIS Knowledge Release Blog

Not at UC but have a question? Email us at AskArcGISKnowledge @ esri [dot] com

About the author

Adam Martin

Adam Martin is a Senior Product Manager focused on ArcGIS Knowledge and system interoperability. With more than fifteen years of entrepreneurial, government and private sector experience, he applies business and technology strategies as levers to improve government digital services and public decision making. Based in Washington, DC, he focuses on how ArcGIS connects “all the data” into knowledge graphs to find hidden patterns and relationships, provide quick context and accelerate decision making. He is also a proud dad, metadata hobbyist and consummate starter of things.

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Discover the latest updates to ArcGIS Knowledge! Explore the new web application, simplified data loading, time-based pathfinding and more!

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Earthquakes

Apr 03, 2019

1.32k likes | 1.97k Views

Earthquakes. Chapter 8. Earthquakes. Approximately 30,000 earthquakes occur every year. On average only about 75 per year are very large . Most of these earthquakes occur in remote areas where very little harm is done.

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Presentation Transcript

Earthquakes Chapter 8

Earthquakes • Approximately 30,000 earthquakes occur every year. • On average only about 75 per year are very large. • Most of these earthquakes occur in remote areas where very little harm is done. • Occasionally, these large earthquakes occur in areas with people and they are one of the most destructive forces on earth.

Earthquake Damage Turkey Japan Taiwan Haiti Chile California

What causes an Earthquake? • The surface of the earth’s crust is made of plates. • Below these plates is hot molten rock called magma. • The heat from this magma causes the plates to move. • There are boundaries between the different plates. • When the plates move it creates pressure and friction between these plate boundaries. • When the pressure that builds up is released, an earthquake occurs.

Where an Earthquake Occurs • When an earthquake occurs, there is a specific place usually along a plate boundary where the pressure is released and a large seismic wave is produced. • The actual specific place where the pressure is released is called the focus. • Most earthquake foci occur at great depths. • The epicenter is a location on the surface of the earth located directly above the focus.

Epicenter and Focus

Epicenters and Fault Lines • When geologists are trying to describe to the general public the location of an earthquake, it is not necessary to explain how deep the earthquake was. • Most people generally would like to know the location of the quake in relation to a familiar place. • That is why epicenters are most often used. • A fault line is the fracture or boundary between two plates. It is most commonly where earthquakes occur.

What is the Elastic Rebound Hypothesis? • The elastic rebound hypothesisis an explanation for how seismic waves are produced and generated. • Basically, if you think of the earth’s crust as a stick, when the stick is bent, it stores elastic potential energy. • Eventually the stick (earth’s crust) will build up enough energy to overcome the bonds that hold the stick together. When this occurs the stick will break. • When the stick breaks, it releases all its stored energy, producing a wave (seismic wave).

Elastic Rebound Hypothesis

What are Aftershocks and Foreshocks • If you think of the analogy of the stick from the elastic rebound hypothesis, it is easy to understand where aftershocks and foreshocks come from. • If you were to bend the stick, you might hear cracks occurring before the stick snapped in half. • These cracks are the equivalent to a foreshock in the earth’s crust. Geologists can sometimes detect foreshocks occurring before a large quake.

Foreshocks and Aftershocks • Foreshocks are small earthquakes that often occur before a large earthquake. • Aftershocks are small earthquakes that occur after a large earthquake occurs. • These were recorded from the Japan earthquake that occurred on March 11, 2011.

Seismology and their instruments • Seismology is the study of earthquakes. • Waves produced by earthquakes are called seismic waves. • Instruments that record seismic waves are called seismographs. • Seismographs produce a written or digital record of seismic waves produced from earthquakes. • The recorded seismic waves are called seismograms.

Seismographs and seismograms

Seismic Waves • Seismologists can tell a lot about earthquakes and the earth’s interior from seismic waves. • There are basically three main types of seismic waves. • Surface Waves– these waves only travel through the earth’s outer layer. These waves move similarly to the way an ocean wave moves. These waves move both up and down, as well as side to side. Surface waves are the most destructive seismic waves.

Seismic Waves • The other two types of waves are called body waves because they can travel through the earth. • The first body waves are called P waves or primary waves. P waves are the fastest seismic waves. Sometimes they are also called push-pull waves or compression waves because they compress and expand the rocks as they travel through the earth. • They move similarly to a spring being compressed.

Seismic Waves • The second body wave is called an S waveor secondary wave. • S waves shake the ground at right angles to the direction the wave is traveling.

Seismic Waves

Seismograms and Seismic Waves • Seismic waves are recorded on seismograms. • P waves are the fastest waves and are about 1.7 times faster than S waves. • Surface waves are the slowest and are about 90 percent of the speed of the S waves. • Knowing the speed of the waves can tell seismologists the distance to an earthquake’s epicenter and if at least three distances are known, the exact location can be determined by triangulation.

Reading a Seismogram

Reading a Distance Travel Time Graph

Finding the location of an Epicenter

Where do Earthquakes occur? • About 95% of most earthquakes occur along active plate boundaries. • Most of these occur along the circum-Pacific belt, also known as the pacific ring of fire. • Another belt where many earthquakes occur is called the Mediterranean-Asian belt.

The circum-pacific belt (Pacific Ring of fire)

How to determine the Magnitude of an Earthquake • The old familiar scale that was used for determining an earthquake’s magnitude is called the Richter Scale. • The Richter Scale is based on the amplitude of the largest seismic wave recorded on a seismogram. • It is a logarithmic scale which means that if the amplitude of a seismic wave increases by a factor of ten, then the Richter Scale magnitude increases by 1. • So the amount of shaking or intensity of a 5.0 earthquake is ten times greater than a 4.0.

Understanding the Richter Scale

Limitations of the Richter scale and the use of the moment magnitude scale • The problem with the Richter Scale is that the intensity of waves decrease with the distance from the epicenter. • Because of this, the Richter Scale is only accurate out to about 500 km or about 300 miles. • Seismologists use another method called the Moment Magnitude Scale, which is believed to be more accurate. • The Moment Magnitude Scale is based on three things; the average displacement along the fault, the surface area of the fault, and the rigidity (strength) of the rock.

Destruction from Earthquakes • At 5:36 PM, March 27 (Good Friday), 1964, an enormous earthquake occurred about 75 miles east of Anchorage. • It was the largest recorded earthquake ever recorded in North America. It was the second largest earthquake ever recorded. (1960 Chile earthquake was the largest) • It had a moment magnitude of 9.2 and lasted about 3 to 4 minutes. (1960 Chile earthquake was a 9.5) • Luckily, very few people lived in Alaska at the time, and it occurred on Good Friday (a holiday), so only 131 people died. Which is a relatively small number considering the enormous magnitude of the earthquake.

1964 Alaskan Earthquake

What lessons can we learn from the 1964 Alaska Earthquake? • Scientists and engineers have learned a great deal from the 1964 Alaska earthquake. • Approximately $300 million dollars worth of damage. • Many building and homes were destroyed by the intensity and duration of the shaking. • Steel framed and wood framed buildings and home withstood better than unreinforced stone or brick homes and buildings.

What types of building Designs work?

Earthquake Proof Buildings

Earthquake Proof Foundations

Shear Strength on Walls

Building Damage from the Earthquake in Haiti (January 12, 2010)

Earthquake in Haiti (2010)

What was different between the earthquakes in Alaska (1964) and Haiti (2010)? • The earthquake in Haiti was only a magnitude 7.0 compared with Alaska’s 9.2 (1964). • That is 100 times less intensity. • Alaska only had 131 fatalities. • Haiti had over 300,000 fatalities • The earthquake in Haiti made 1,000,000 people homeless, and 250,000 homes were destroyed. • The primary difference was the building designs. • In addition to building design, population size was also a factor.

What are some other factors that cause damage during and after an earthquake? • Normally, under ordinary conditions soil that has a small amount of moisture in it is very stable. • The cohesive properties of water actually make the soil more stable and help hold the soil together. • But, seismic waves can cause the bonds of the soil and water to break and cause the stable damp soils to become like an unstable soup of mud. • This is known as liquefaction of soils.

Liquefaction of soils

The Results of Liquefaction of Soils

Liquefaction of Soils during the 1964 Alaskan Earthquake

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