phd chemistry salary in germany

PhD, Postdoc, and Professor Salaries in Germany

Germany is one of the leading countries for research and a hub for innovation. The country’s high quality of life combined with lower cost of living make it an attractive destination for international researchers. Are you contemplating a move to Germany? Here is a breakdown of the most common German academic jobs and their salaries. All salary statistics in this article are in Euros per month and are pre-tax.

Doctorate Degree

In Germany applicants must apply for a preset doctoral project that is usually tied to a professor’s own research. Students do not do any coursework; they start working on their project immediately. They are also required to take on some teaching responsibilities. The time it takes to earn a doctorate depends on the field, but three to five years is typical.

The salaries of PhD students are based on the federal wage agreement ( Tarifvertrag der Länder or TV-L). There are several pay scales ( Entgeltgruppe ) within the TV-L but PhD students are usually paid at the TV-L E13 level. Within this level, there are three factors that determine the student’s actual salary. The first is the pay grade ( Stufe ) which is based on the number of years of experience you have. Most PhD students start at Stufe 1 and progress through the grades as they gain years of seniority. The next factor is the working hours (50%, 67%, 75%, or 100%) and the final factor which federal state the university is in. You can find the salary calculators for each state here . For example, the salary range for a 100% PhD student is €4,053-€5,701 per month while the range for a 67% PhD student is €2,729-€3,820 per month.

Postdoctoral Researcher/Fellow

After earning their doctorate, researchers go on to a postdoc. A postdoc is a continuation of the researcher’s training that allows them to further specialize in a particular field and learn new skills and techniques. It may require them to take on teaching responsibilities. German postdocs typically last two to four years.

Like all non-tenured academic positions in Germany, postdoc salaries are fairly rigid. They are based on the same TV-L federal wage agreement as PhD salaries. The salaries are determined the same way too, taking into account pay scale, pay grade, working hours, and state. You can find the salary calculators for each state here . Postdocs are paid at the E13 or (less commonly) E14 level , with the exact starting pay grade depending on how their years of experience (bachelor's, Master’s, and PhD) are counted. The salary range for a 100% E13 postdoc is €4,053-€5,701 per month and the salary range for a 100% E14 postdoc is €4,419-€6,076 per month.

Juniorprofessur/Juniordozent

Junior professors positions offer early career academics the opportunity to research, supervision, administration, and teaching experience on equal terms to other university instructors. Junior professorships are usually for three to four years and can be extended for a total of six years. It is often a temporary position, however, certain universities offer a tenure-track option. Germany has recently signed an agreement to create 1,000 tenure-track junior professorships by 2032.

Junior professors, like all German professors, are paid according to the W- Besoldung salary table . This scale dictates base salaries according to which state the university is in. Unlike the PhD and postdoc pay scale, there are no pay grades within this scale. A W1 professor will make minimum €4,713-€5,301 per month.

Professur (W2)

To become a professor, an academic needs to have completed the Habilitation, have a positive evaluation as a junior professor, or have led their own junior research group. W2 professors are considered independent researchers and generally have permanent positions. Internal promotion to these positions is not encouraged in Germany. With the exceptions of junior professors, academics cannot be appointed a professor at the university they did their Habilitation.

The base salary for a W2 professor is €5,365-€6,676 per month depending on which state the university is in. In Bund, Bayern, Hessen, and Sachsen there are multiple pay grades within the W2 band meaning the professor’s salary will increase in five or seven years in the position. Salaries can also be increased by family allowances, retention payments, and performance bonuses. As professors are civil servants with high job security, they do not typically pay the same social insurance contributions as other employees.

Professur (W3)

A W3 professor is the highest German academic position that usually involves responsibility of a chair or for an institute. The requirements to become a full professor are very demanding and as a consequence, there is often a minimum age requirement for this sort of professorship. Professors in Germany are public servants and as such have permanent positions at their universities.

The base salary for a W3 professor is €5,343-€7,578 per month depending on which state the university is in. In Bund, Bayern, Hessen, and Sachsen there are multiple pay grades within the W3 band meaning the professor’s salary will increase in five or seven years in the position. Salaries can also be increased by family allowances, retention payments, and performance bonuses. As professors are civil servants with high job security, they do not typically pay the same social insurance contributions as other employees.

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• Study in Germany /

PhD in Chemistry in Germany: A Comprehensive Guide 2023

• Updated on  
• Aug 28, 2023

PhD in Chemistry in Germany: The renowned (and highly-rated) universities in Germany present an exceptional option for international education. With a history of offering PhD programs since the nineteenth century, these institutions possess valuable experience in delivering advanced and innovative postgraduate studies. Furthermore, the majority of universities do not impose tuition fees.

Pursuing a PhD in Chemistry in Germany can be a viable option because of the advanced level of education it offers. 

Chemistry programs educate students on the core principles of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, alongside Physical Chemistry. Additional courses delve into Chemical Biology and Nuclear Chemistry. Practical learning occurs through hands-on experiments in laboratories, where students dissect chemical reactions, delve into research techniques, and assess their outcomes. 

Upon completion, graduates secure positions such as analytical chemists , chemical engineers , pharmacologists , and various other roles. Keep reading to know why pursuing PhD in Chemistry in Germany is a great option. 

This Blog Includes:

Global ranking of institutions , max planck schools, affordability , birthplace of the phd, top universities, eligibility , application process, required documents , job opportunities , why pursue a phd in chemistry in germany .

Germany stands as a highly appealing location for individuals worldwide. Its outstanding academic rigour, robust economy, and significant advancements in engineering render German universities a compelling addition to your study-abroad considerations. 

Foreign students are embraced on an equal footing and enjoy equitable social policies. A remarkable perk is the widespread absence of tuition fees at nearly all public universities for international students. 

Additionally, you’ll have the chance to acquire the German language, a valuable asset that can open doors to employment opportunities not only within Germany but also in Austria , Belgium , Liechtenstein, and numerous global corporations.

Here are some of the top reasons why you should pursue PhD in Chemistry in Germany: 

Germany boasts a larger number of globally ranked institutions than any other country besides the USA and the UK. Alongside its universities, Germany houses networks of specialized research centres. 

This includes the esteemed Max Planck Institutes, as well as collaborative endeavours between universities and research institutes. 

The Max Planck Schools form a collaborative network that assembles experts from various institutions to address shared research objectives. They unite international PhD students with Germany’s foremost scientists. 

The majority of German universities do not require PhD students to pay tuition fees, regardless of their nationality. 

The modern form of the PhD centred around a research-based thesis originated in Germany. 

Also Read: Study in Germany: The Guide To Your German Dream!

Germany is home to various renowned institutes that provide PhD programs with little to no tuition fees. Have a look at some of the best universities for PhD in Chemistry in Germany: 

Also Read: MS in Chemical Engineering in Germany

The cost of pursuing a PhD in Germany is around €800 to €900 annually. Nevertheless, doctoral programs at public universities in Germany are tuition-free, a policy that encompasses all individuals, including international students. 

Many German research institutes collaborate with universities to offer PhD programs (with universities conferring the degrees), and these institutes do not impose extra charges for hosting students. Various sources, including government agencies, research associations, and other entities, offer funding opportunities.

Also Read: MSc Applied Chemistry

Before you apply for admission to your desired university, make sure that you fulfil the eligibility criteria. 

Here are the requirements you need to fulfil in order to be deemed eligible for the PhD in Chemistry at a university in Germany: 

• The basic prerequisites for enrolling in a PhD program in Germany entail holding both a master’s and bachelor’s degree from an accredited university, with a GPA exceeding the average (80%). 
• Attaining a PhD necessitates possessing a higher education qualification equivalent to a German Master’s Degree.
• The student should have achieved a score surpassing 7.0 in either the International Language Testing System (IELTS) or the Test of Efficiency in Foreign Language (TOEFL). 
• Gaining admission to a PhD program in Germany mandates the timely submission of all necessary documents. 
• While the majority of programs are conducted in English, a few may demand proficiency in German, such as achieving DSH-2 or obtaining the Goethe certificate C2 – the Advanced German Language Diploma.

Also Read: Chemical Engineering Jobs

Although the admission procedures can exhibit slight variations among different universities, the overarching process remains consistent. Thus, a comprehensive outline for the admission process at German universities is as follows:

Stage 1: Visit the official website of your preferred institution and initiate your application when the registration phase commences.

Stage 2: Ensure that you have the necessary documents readily available for potential submission during the admission procedure.

Stage 3: Submit the outcomes of obligatory examinations such as IELTS and TOEFL.

Stage 4: Complete the application form, remit the application fee, and finalize the submission process.

Must Read: Top Chemical Engineering Colleges

There are certain documents that you need to submit during the admission process. Make sure that the mandatory documents are available with you to avoid any hurdles in the process. 

The documents required to apply for a PhD in Chemistry in Germany include:

• English proficiency test,
• Motivational letter
• German Language Proficiency (not mandatory, but can be asked somewhere),
• Recognized Master’s degree,
• Proof of sufficient funds,
• Proof of health insurance
• A letter of acceptance from your university 
• A doctoral thesis outline

Must Read: Career in Medicinal Chemistry

Upon finalizing a Chemistry PhD program in Germany, individuals find employment with numerous leading enterprises, including Baker Hughes, BI Pharma GmbH Co.KG, Döhler, Nuvisan GmbH, and others. 

Alternatively, they can pursue roles in academia. However, it’s worth noting that opportunities within industries generally present more favourable outlooks than those in the academic realm. The salary for PhD holders in Germany fluctuates based on the discipline and job category. On average, a PhD holder in Chemistry in Germany earns around €63,000 annually.

Must Read: MSc Pharmaceutical Chemistry

What are the prerequisites for admission to a Chemistry PhD program in Germany?

When applying for a Chemistry PhD program in Germany, the typical requirements encompass a pertinent master’s degree, a commendable academic track record, and proficiency in English (often validated through IELTS or TOEFL scores). Certain programs might also mandate proficiency in the German language.

Are English-language PhD programs common in Germany?

Certainly, a multitude of PhD programs in Germany, particularly in Chemistry, are conducted in English. However, verifying the language prerequisites of the specific programs you’re considering is recommended.

Can one shift into employment in Germany following PhD completion?

Indeed, Germany provides a job-seeking visa enabling an 18-month stay post-Ph.D. to search for a fitting job aligned with your expertise.

So, this was all about the PhD in Chemistry in Germany. Many Indian students dream of pursuing education in foreign nations due to the exposure and career growth they offer. Consider joining a free counselling session with Leverage Edu if you are also planning to study abroad . 

Abhishek Kumar Jha

Abhishek Kumar Jha is a professional content writer and marketer, having extensive experience in delivering content in journalism and marketing. He has written news content related to education for prominent media outlets, garnering expansive knowledge of the Indian education landscape throughout his experience. Moreover, he is a skilled content marketer, with experience in writing SEO-friendly blogs. His educational background includes a Postgraduate Diploma in English Journalism from the prestigious Indian Institute of Mass Communication (IIMC), Dhenkanal. By receiving an education from a top journalism school and working in the corporate world with complete devotion, he has honed the essential skills needed to excel in content writing.

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Salary information for young professionals

GDCh members can find more information on career entry salaries at MyGDCh . You can access the area reserved for members by entering your membership number and password at the top left of this page. The starting salaries can be found under "special offers" and then "salaries".

In the GDCh graduate brochure "Career entry in chemistry" you will find overview articles on the topics of the world of work, career entry and the future as well as the chapter on money with information on starting salaries for chemistry graduates as well as scholarships and research funds for young scientists.

The graphic below and the additional information on this page provide a rough overview of the starting salaries of Chemists in Civil Service, inside and outside the chemical industry.

It should be noted that this graphic serves as a guide. The first bar can be seen as the "minimum" and the last bar as the absolute maximum.

The maximum value should only be given as a salary expectation if all the requirements are met and the match between your own qualifications and the job advertisement is optimal.

Salaries in the chemical industry

Collective agreement of the chemical industry.

The official annual salaries for academic, technical and scientific employees in the chemical industry are negotiated by the Association of Academics and Executives in the Chemical Industry (VAA) and the Federal Employers' Association for the Chemical Industry (BAVC). In November 2022, the minimum annual salary for the second year of employment in 2022 and 2023 was redefined:

for employees with a diploma/master's degree: 69,000 euros; for employees with a doctorate: 80,200 euros.

for employees with a diploma/master's degree: 71,250 euros; for employees with a doctorate: 82,825 euros.

For the first year of employment, the remuneration can be freely agreed between employer and employee as before. They tend to be less than the amount for the second year of employment. Technical and scientific employees with a master's degree are usually classified as qualified employees.

It should be noted that many, especially small and medium-sized companies that employ chemists are not represented in the Federal Chemical Employers' Association and are therefore not bound by its tariffs. Salaries are usually lower there. This is also the case in most companies outside the chemical industry.

There are no tariffs for experienced chemists. Performance and success determine the classification.

Public Service Salaries

In the public sector, graduates with a university degree are usually classified according to the relevant TVöD or TVL tariffs.

The corresponding pay groups are regulated in the respective collective agreements.

Each salary group is divided into six levels (1-2 basic levels, 3-6 development levels). Through professional experience with the same employer, you can move up to the next higher level after a specified period of time. Salary groups 13 – 15 are reserved for employees with a university degree/master’s degree. A promotion does not lead to a classification in a higher tariff group.

HAW graduates (formerly FH) and chemistry bachelors are grouped in E9 to E12. Entry-level positions with a higher degree of responsibility (personnel responsibility/budget responsibility) are remunerated with salary group 14.

You can usually find out which collective agreement is binding and which salary group is intended for the position from the job advertisement. The collective agreements and the corresponding pay groups (classification) as well as collective pay agreements (amount of salary in the respective group) are publicly available on the Internet.

Salaries in food chemistry

For the first time, the AG Junge food chemistry has conducted a salary survey on starting salaries for food chemists.

For starting a career as a food chemist, the gross annual salary ranged from 40,000 to 45,000 euros.

All evaluations and further information on the survey can be found in the "MyGDCh" area under "Salaries for chemists".

salaries abroad

Salaries in non-academic chemical occupations (chemical laboratory assistant, cta, etc.).

For chemical specialists with a training background, the salaries in the chemical industry are regulated by the collective agreements of the respective associated countries. These are negotiated by company representatives (BAVC; Federal Chemical Employers' Association) and employee representatives (IG BCE; Industrial Union for Mining, Chemicals and Energy).

The classification is based on salary groups, similar to the public service. The collective wage agreements with the respective regulated income for the corresponding group can be viewed freely on the Internet, just like for the public sector.

In the GDCh graduate brochures " Career prospects in chemistry " (explicitly for skilled workers with a training background) and " Career entry in chemistry " you will find useful information on career entry and experience reports from career entrants as well as detailed overview articles on the subject of salary.

A list of the salary groups in the chemical industry can be found below:

The graphic below provides a rough overview of the starting salaries (monthly salaries) of chemical specialists with a training background in the public sector and in the chemical industry. Another possibility is a survey by the Hans Böckler Foundation at lohnspiegel.de .

Explanation of the graphic

* without pro rata annual special payment **Each federal state with the highest and lowest tariff

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Chemist salary Germany What chemists earn

They are some of the top earners among academics. They conduct research in laboratories and are in demand as experts in environmental protection; they advise companies and manage contacts in the international wholesale business. The working areas of chemistry graduates are as diverse as their salaries - factors that have a positive effect on salary include postgraduate qualifications, working in industry and management responsibility.

Industry beckons with high salaries

A post-graduate degree is mandatory, small business, small money, managing personnel has a strong impact, info-box: pay in chemistry.

A large proportion of graduates goes directly into industry - to pharmaceuticals companies, the oil industry, to manufacturers of paints, cleaning agents, plastics or fertiliser, or to producers of cosmetics or food additives. Like Anke Richter*, who holds a degree and a PhD in chemistry: "What persuaded me were the opportunities for development, the responsibility, and not least the salary", says the laboratory manager. It's true that researchers and developers in industry generally earn more than their colleagues at research institutes. While career starters in the chemical industry can expect salaries of around 52,200 euros a year, at research institutes they earn a mere 38,450 euros. According to salary consultants PersonalMarkt, the average entry-level salary is approximately 43,700 euros a year. 

That so many young scientists head into industry is due not only to the salaries, but also to rocky qualification paths, uncertain career prospects and the often short-term contracts in public research institutions. Only a handful manage to gain one of the few professorships or rise to the top at an extra-mural research institution; the others remain research assistants for too long, stuck on short-term contracts they constantly worry may not be renewed, and with comparatively low salaries. A move to industry almost always has a positive effect on salary. 

Particularly in the research departments where the majority of graduates starts out, a PhD is considered indispensable. And most chemists do indeed have a post-graduate degree. A doctorate may cost time and nerves - but it also holds clear financial advantages. Chemists with no PhD earn approximately 57,000 euros a year, while those with a PhD make an average of 63,000 euros. 

Approximately 2,000 companies make up the chemical industry in Germany. Over 90 percent of these are small and medium-sized companies. "I specifically didn't want to specialise in matters of detail in my work, but rather be more involved in processes", is how Tobias Richter* explains his decision to work for a medium-sized business rather than one of the big players in the chemical industry. The chemist has been working as a project manager in a research and development department for almost three years, and particularly values the flat hierarchy levels and the close collaboration with colleagues from other departments: "It makes decision-making processes relatively short, which means that I can always respond quickly and adequately", says Richter. 

The catch: while rigid pay scales are rarer, many of the small and medium-sized companies that employ chemists are not members of the German Employers' Federation of the Chemical Industry (Bundesarbeitgeberverband Chemie) and therefore not bound by its collective wage agreements. This means they usually pay less: companies with up to 100 employees pay their young scientists on average around 40,400 euros a year, whereas those who sign a contract with a company that has over 1,000 employees can expect a starting salary of more than 50,000 euros. In the public sector, graduates are generally paid according to the applicable federal or state collective wage agreements for public service (TVöD or TV-L), whether they hold a PhD or not. Their salary then depends on age, marital status and place of residence, and is generally lower than the pay grades in the chemical industry. 

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Entry-level salaries may be relatively similar, but with increasing professional experience pay can vary strongly - especially in positions with high levels of responsibility. Performance- and success-related salary components also become increasingly important. On average, someone who has been working as a Diplom chemist for more than 10 years will earn 70,000 euros a year, with salaries already spanning a range from 50,000 to 80,000 euros. Taking on management responsibilities significantly boosts salary. Diplom chemists who manage staff earn an average of 92,800 euros annually; their colleagues who do not manage others earn 58,500 euros. 

* Name has been changed

A tip from PersonalMarkt: What matters is how well you perform, how good you are and what you earn compared to other employees at similar companies.

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Postdoctoral position - synthetic cell/living cell spheroids for interactive biomaterials.

• Mainz, Rheinland-Pfalz (DE)
• Fast track through the Alexander von Humboldt Fellowship Program via the AvH Postdoctoral Scouting
• University of Mainz

Co-assembly of artificial cells and living cells to make co-spheroid structures and study their interactive behavior for biomaterials applications.

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• 11 days ago
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Postdoctoral researcher (m/f/d) in the area of Telomere Plasticity in iPSCs

• Bayreuth (Landkreis), Bayern (DE)
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The University of Bayreuth is a research-oriented university with internationally competitive, interdisciplinary focus areas in research and teachi...

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Research scientist (m/f/d), postdoc (m/f/d) or engineer (m/f/d) in electron microscopy

• Planegg, Bayern (DE)
• TVöD (Bund)
• Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry

Research scientist (m/f/d), postdoc (m/f/d) or engineer (m/f/d) in electron microscopy in the Department of Cell and Virus Structure/CryoEM Technology

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Postdoctoral researcher (m/f/div)

• Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie (Otto-Hahn-Institut)

We are looking for a postdoctoral researcher in the Atmospheric Chemistry Department at the earliest possible date.

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Ph.D. Stipend in Germany: Things you need to know

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All countries provide some form of financial aid to Ph.D. students , but Germany places a premium on doctorate research. The variety of ways you can accomplish a Ph.D. in Germany is reflected in the various forms that German Ph.D. financing might take. The nation’s Ph.D. programs are well-organized and have a practice-oriented curriculum, offering students the chance to study a subject from the ground up.

In Germany, the most searched Ph.D. programs are in mathematics, computer science, physics, economics, and engineering. International students have the freedom to complete their English-language Ph.D. theses and easily transition into their chosen fields of employment. Learn more about Ph.D. scholarships .

Furthermore, conventional academic scholarships and fellowships are frequently used to support doctoral students, but German universities and research institutions also provide salary assistantships for Ph.D. researchers. Doctoral students take between 46,000 and 56,000 EUR gross ( INR 36,61,472 to INR 44,57,444 ) per year based on full-time employment, depending on the amount of prior experience the doctoral student has.

Ph.D. Stipend in Germany for International Students

Internship applications are accepted by foreign students both during and after graduation. You can apply for internships at the university as a research assistant in the lab or a professor’s assistant while enrolled in a degree program. Here, we’ve outlined some key details about the German Ph.D. student stipend:

• German institutions provide a monthly payment to international Ph.D. candidates. In Germany, Ph.D. students receive an annual income of 24,500 EUR (about INR 19,53,189).
• In addition to pursuing a Ph.D., one can work as an intern at public and commercial organizations for an average salary of 500 EUR per month (about INR 39,848 per month).
• Since employment agreements that last less than a year do not count as relevant professional experience, doctoral students with little or no experience should confirm that their bond lasts for at least 12 months.

Job & Salary After Ph.D. in Germany

The salary of a student after earning a Ph.D. is based on a number of things. Industry, years of experience, candidate talents, and job positions are among these crucial considerations. We’ve included a few of the jobs available to Ph.D. graduates in Germany along with their typical yearly salary below:

High-Paying Jobs in Germany

After finishing their Ph.D. program at a prestigious university, overseas students can apply for a number of well-paying employment in Germany.

How to Find a Job After Ph.D. in Germany?

Many Ph.D. graduate students choose to live in Germany’s major cities because of the attractive employment environment. Let’s examine the best cities in the nation for foreign students.

• Jobs in the marketing field are reportedly available in Berlin, the German capital.
• Financial industry hubs include Frankfurt.
• Munich’s car industry is well renowned.

Since there is 400,000+ people  skilled labor shortage in Germany, Ph.D. grads may easily get employment there. Here are some tips for foreign students looking to work in Germany after earning their degree:

1. Open German Job Sites

One of Germany’s major providers of recruitment services is the Federal Employment Agency. It has more than 700 locations around the nation and offers an international student employment platform called “ International Placement Service. ” In order to get matched with a job vacancy, create a profile on their website and include your qualifications.

2. German private job sites

Ph.D. graduates have access to a variety of websites where they can look for specialized employment.

• Academics for openings in the management industry.
• Staufenbiel and Stepstone for graduate employment and internships.
• Students can also look up startups on Jobooh.

3. German Recruitment Companies

The “ German Yellow Pages ,” which features an employment section called “ Arbeitsvermittlung ” dedicated to recruitment agencies, is another resource for international students who have completed their Ph.D. program at German institutions and are looking for work. For international students, recruiting firms can be trusted if they are members of the Federal Employer’s Association of Personnel Service Providers.

4. Newspapers in German

Look through the employment sections in the Sunday editorials of the following newspapers for academic and government positions :

FAZ or Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung

It has the largest newspaper readership in 148 countries in addition to Germany. It is a liberal, conservative journal on the center-right.

Süddeutsche Zeitung

It is published in Munich and is one of the biggest daily newspapers in Germany. It is a center-left, liberal-progressive newspaper .

It is printed in Bonn and serves as the Axel Springer publishing company’s main newspaper daily.

Handelsblatt

The Handelsblatt Media Group is the publisher of this business newspaper in German. Handelsblatt Global Edition is the name of the newspaper’s English-language edition .

One of the top 3 nations in the world to accept more than 30,000 students for Ph.D. programs in Germany. The depth of the Ph.D. courses promotes students’ overall growth and prepares them for the workforce. Additionally, this aids German Ph.D. stipend recipients.

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