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Parts of a Research

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This refers to the information or content from different sources ralated to the topic.

Methodology

The sources you used on your research.

It establishes the scope, context and significance of the research to be conducted. This also states the purpose why the study will be conducted.

Literature Review

Results and Recommendations

Introduction

The systematic investigation that aims to establish facts and reach new conclusions.

Observation

Investigation

Scientific Investigation

This refers to a particular procedure or set of procedures applied in conducting a research or study.

Findings, Results and Recommendations

The section of the research proposal that includes the research questions is the....

Findings and Recommendation

Research Methodology

Further investigations you intend to pursue can be found in?

All of the above

The final step in the research process is analyzing your data.

Which of the following lists presents the sections of a Research Report in the correct order?

Introduction, Abstract, Title page, Literature, Methods, Findings, References, Appendices.

Title page, Abstract, Literature, Introduction, Methods, Findings, References, Appendices.

Title page, Abstract, Introduction, Literature, Methods, Findings, References, Appendices.

Title page, Abstract, Introduction, Literature, Methods, Findings, Appendices, References.

What does the findings section highlight?

The success of the study.

Psychological interpretation of the statistical findings.

Outcome of data analysis.

All of these.

What is the purpose of a literature review?

To present primary information on a topic

To provide a qalitative investigation of an issue

To analyse results from primary and secondary data

To provide a summary of existing information on a subject

Why do we need to review the existing literature?

To make sure you have a long list of references

Because without it you could never reach the required word-count

To help in your general studying

To find out what is already known about our area of interest

To read crictically means:

Taking an opposing point of view to the ideas and opinions expressed

Evaluating what you read in terms of your own research questions

Skimming through the material because most of it is just padding

being negative about something before you read it

Research is not considered ethical if it

is not a very high standard

does not ensure privacy and anonymity of the respondent

tries to prove a particular point

does not investigate the data scientifically

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Parts of a research paper

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• Q 1 / 16 Score 0 What is the purpose of the introduction in a research paper? 29 To provide background information and introduce the research topic To summarize the main findings To discuss potential future research To present the data analysis

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• Q 1 What is the purpose of the introduction in a research paper? To provide background information and introduce the research topic To summarize the main findings To discuss potential future research To present the data analysis 30 s
• Q 2 What is the methodology section in a research paper? It describes the methods and procedures used to conduct the study It discusses the limitations of the study It presents the main findings and conclusions It provides a summary of the literature review 30 s
• Q 3 What is the purpose of the conclusion in a research paper? To summarize the main findings and provide a final analysis To introduce the research topic To describe the research methods To provide background information 30 s
• Q 4 What is the purpose of the literature review in a research paper? To discuss the limitations of the study To describe the research methods To present the main findings and conclusions To provide an overview of existing research and establish the gap in knowledge 30 s
• Q 5 What is the purpose of the discussion section in a research paper? To provide an overview of existing research To interpret the results, compare findings with prior research, and discuss implications To describe the research methods To summarize the main findings and conclusions 30 s
• Q 6 What is the purpose of the abstract in a research paper? To provide a brief summary of the entire paper To describe the research methods To discuss the limitations of the study To present the main findings and conclusions 30 s
• Q 7 What is the purpose of the results section in a research paper? To discuss the limitations of the study To present the findings of the study To describe the research methods To provide an overview of existing research 30 s
• Q 8 What is the purpose of the hypothesis in a research paper? To provide a tentative explanation or prediction to be tested To summarize the main findings and conclusions To discuss the limitations of the study To describe the research methods 30 s
• Q 9 What is the purpose of the methodology section in a research paper? To describe the methods and procedures used to conduct the study To summarize the main findings and conclusions To provide background information To present the literature review 30 s
• Q 10 What is the recommended structure for writing a research paper? Introduction, Results, Discussion, Conclusion Introduction, Literature Review, Methodology, Results, Discussion, Conclusion Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusion Introduction, Methodology, Discussion, Conclusion 30 s
• Q 11 Which of the following is NOT a guideline for writing a research paper? Use clear and concise language Follow a consistent citation style Cite all sources used in the paper Include personal opinions and biases 30 s
• Q 12 What is the role of citations in a research paper? To make the paper longer and meet the word count requirement To add credibility to the research To provide additional information and examples To acknowledge the contributions of others and avoid plagiarism 30 s
• Q 13 Which of the following is NOT a step in the research paper writing process? Revising and editing the paper Writing the abstract first Collecting and analyzing data Conducting a literature review 30 s
• Q 14 What is the purpose of the introduction section in a research paper? To introduce the topic and research question To describe the methods and procedures used in the study To present the results and findings To discuss the implications of the research 30 s
• Q 15 Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good research question? It is relevant and important It is feasible and can be researched It is clear and specific It can be answered with a simple yes or no 30 s

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Literature 1: Major Parts of a Research Paper

Study Flashcards

8 Questions

What are the major parts of a research paper according to the given text.

Introduction, Review of Related Literature, Methodology, Results & Discussions, Conclusions & Recommendations

What is the importance of Review of Related Literature (RRL) according to the given text?

It includes background information about the topic and methodology, along with related studies/ideas

Which of the following describes the key elements of a Literature Review as per the given text?

Introduction, Body, Conclusion

What is the practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own?

Which term refers to the process of minimizing the number of sentences in an article/text without removing its original meaning.

Summarizing

What does technical writing encompass, as per the text?

All of the above

What is the process of summarizing as described in the text?

Minimizing the number of sentences in an article/text without removing its original meaning

What is the importance of paraphrasing according to the given text?

Avoiding plagiarism by rephrasing someone else's ideas in your own words

Study Notes

Daily affirmation.

• A flower's growth is dependent on its environment, so fixing the environment is key to its blooming.

Classroom Activities

• "Paper-pass" activity: students pass a paper ball with questions related to the previous topic, and the student holding the ball when the music stops answers the question on the outermost layer.
• A total of 10 questions will be answered by selected students.

Language Mechanics

• VO-WHERE activity: a slide with jumbled consonant letters and their corresponding meanings is shown.

Writing Techniques

• Summarizing: minimizing the number of sentences in an article/text without removing its original meaning.
• Paraphrasing: writing the ideas of published authors without changing their original meaning.

Terminology

• Technique: a way of carrying out a particular task, especially the execution or performance of an artistic work or a scientific procedure.

Test your knowledge of the major components of a research paper, including the introduction, review of related literature, methodology, results & discussions, and conclusions & recommendations. Explore the importance of the review of related literature (RRL) and its essential parts.

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Parts of a Research Paper

One of the most important aspects of science is ensuring that you get all the parts of the written research paper in the right order.

This article is a part of the guide:

• Outline Examples
• Example of a Paper
• Write a Hypothesis
• Introduction

Browse Full Outline

• 1 Write a Research Paper
• 2 Writing a Paper
• 3.1 Write an Outline
• 3.2 Outline Examples
• 4.1 Thesis Statement
• 4.2 Write a Hypothesis
• 5.2 Abstract
• 5.3 Introduction
• 5.4 Methods
• 5.5 Results
• 5.6 Discussion
• 5.7 Conclusion
• 5.8 Bibliography
• 6.1 Table of Contents
• 6.2 Acknowledgements
• 6.3 Appendix
• 7.1 In Text Citations
• 7.2 Footnotes
• 7.3.1 Floating Blocks
• 7.4 Example of a Paper
• 7.5 Example of a Paper 2
• 7.6.1 Citations
• 7.7.1 Writing Style
• 7.7.2 Citations
• 8.1.1 Sham Peer Review
• 8.1.2 Advantages
• 8.1.3 Disadvantages
• 8.2 Publication Bias
• 8.3.1 Journal Rejection
• 9.1 Article Writing
• 9.2 Ideas for Topics

You may have finished the best research project on earth but, if you do not write an interesting and well laid out paper, then nobody is going to take your findings seriously.

The main thing to remember with any research paper is that it is based on an hourglass structure. It begins with general information and undertaking a literature review , and becomes more specific as you nail down a research problem and hypothesis .

Finally, it again becomes more general as you try to apply your findings to the world at general.

Whilst there are a few differences between the various disciplines, with some fields placing more emphasis on certain parts than others, there is a basic underlying structure.

These steps are the building blocks of constructing a good research paper. This section outline how to lay out the parts of a research paper, including the various experimental methods and designs.

The principles for literature review and essays of all types follow the same basic principles.

Reference List

For many students, writing the introduction is the first part of the process, setting down the direction of the paper and laying out exactly what the research paper is trying to achieve.

For others, the introduction is the last thing written, acting as a quick summary of the paper. As long as you have planned a good structure for the parts of a research paper, both approaches are acceptable and it is a matter of preference.

A good introduction generally consists of three distinct parts:

• You should first give a general presentation of the research problem.
• You should then lay out exactly what you are trying to achieve with this particular research project.
• You should then state your own position.

Ideally, you should try to give each section its own paragraph, but this will vary given the overall length of the paper.

1) General Presentation

Look at the benefits to be gained by the research or why the problem has not been solved yet. Perhaps nobody has thought about it, or maybe previous research threw up some interesting leads that the previous researchers did not follow up.

Another researcher may have uncovered some interesting trends, but did not manage to reach the significance level , due to experimental error or small sample sizes .

2) Purpose of the Paper

The research problem does not have to be a statement, but must at least imply what you are trying to find.

Many writers prefer to place the thesis statement or hypothesis here, which is perfectly acceptable, but most include it in the last sentences of the introduction, to give the reader a fuller picture.

3) A Statement of Intent From the Writer

The idea is that somebody will be able to gain an overall view of the paper without needing to read the whole thing. Literature reviews are time-consuming enough, so give the reader a concise idea of your intention before they commit to wading through pages of background.

In this section, you look to give a context to the research, including any relevant information learned during your literature review. You are also trying to explain why you chose this area of research, attempting to highlight why it is necessary. The second part should state the purpose of the experiment and should include the research problem. The third part should give the reader a quick summary of the form that the parts of the research paper is going to take and should include a condensed version of the discussion.

This should be the easiest part of the paper to write, as it is a run-down of the exact design and methodology used to perform the research. Obviously, the exact methodology varies depending upon the exact field and type of experiment .

There is a big methodological difference between the apparatus based research of the physical sciences and the methods and observation methods of social sciences. However, the key is to ensure that another researcher would be able to replicate the experiment to match yours as closely as possible, but still keeping the section concise.

You can assume that anybody reading your paper is familiar with the basic methods, so try not to explain every last detail. For example, an organic chemist or biochemist will be familiar with chromatography, so you only need to highlight the type of equipment used rather than explaining the whole process in detail.

In the case of a survey , if you have too many questions to cover in the method, you can always include a copy of the questionnaire in the appendix . In this case, make sure that you refer to it.

This is probably the most variable part of any research paper, and depends on the results and aims of the experiment.

For quantitative research , it is a presentation of the numerical results and data, whereas for qualitative research it should be a broader discussion of trends, without going into too much detail.

For research generating a lot of results , then it is better to include tables or graphs of the analyzed data and leave the raw data in the appendix, so that a researcher can follow up and check your calculations.

A commentary is essential to linking the results together, rather than just displaying isolated and unconnected charts and figures.

It can be quite difficult to find a good balance between the results and the discussion section, because some findings, especially in a quantitative or descriptive experiment , will fall into a grey area. Try to avoid repeating yourself too often.

It is best to try to find a middle path, where you give a general overview of the data and then expand on it in the discussion - you should try to keep your own opinions and interpretations out of the results section, saving that for the discussion later on.

This is where you elaborate on your findings, and explain what you found, adding your own personal interpretations.

Ideally, you should link the discussion back to the introduction, addressing each point individually.

It’s important to make sure that every piece of information in your discussion is directly related to the thesis statement , or you risk cluttering your findings. In keeping with the hourglass principle, you can expand on the topic later in the conclusion .

The conclusion is where you build on your discussion and try to relate your findings to other research and to the world at large.

In a short research paper, it may be a paragraph or two, or even a few lines.

In a dissertation, it may well be the most important part of the entire paper - not only does it describe the results and discussion in detail, it emphasizes the importance of the results in the field, and ties it in with the previous research.

Some research papers require a recommendations section, postulating the further directions of the research, as well as highlighting how any flaws affected the results. In this case, you should suggest any improvements that could be made to the research design .

No paper is complete without a reference list , documenting all the sources that you used for your research. This should be laid out according to APA , MLA or other specified format, allowing any interested researcher to follow up on the research.

One habit that is becoming more common, especially with online papers, is to include a reference to your own paper on the final page. Lay this out in MLA, APA and Chicago format, allowing anybody referencing your paper to copy and paste it.

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Marketing Research: Planning, Process, Practice

Student resources, multiple choice quizzes.

Try these quizzes to test your understanding.

1. Research analysis is the last critical step in the research process.

2. The final research report where a discussion of findings and limitations is presented is the easiest part for a researcher.

3. Two different researchers may be presented with the same data analysis results and discuss them differently, uncovering alternative insights linked to the research question, each using a different lens.

4. A reliable research is essentially valid, but a valid research is not necessarily reliable.

5. A valid research refers to the degree to which it accurately measures what it intends to measure.

6. Keeping an envisioned original contribution to knowledge in mind, the research report in appearance and content should highlights the outcomes and link back to objectives.

7. A good conclusion chapter should (please select ALL answers that apply) ______.

• have a structure that brings back what the research set out to do
• discuss the researcher’s own assumptions and ideas about the topic under study
• makes logical links between the various parts of the arguments starting from the hypotheses

Answer: A & C 

8. Research implications presented in a study must be either theoretical only or practical only.

9. Good researchers should aim for a perfect research, with no limitations or restrictions.

10. Examples of research limitations include (please select the answer that DOESN’T apply) ______.

• access to the population of interest
• the study’s coverage of possible contributory factors
• the researcher’s poor analysis skills
• the sampling technique used

11. A good structure outlining an effective research report starts with the ‘Analysis and Results’ section.

12. A good research study can just focus on its key outcomes without highlighting areas for future research.

13. If some of the research questions were not answered or some research objectives could not be achieved, then the final report must explain and reflect on the reasons why this is the case.

14. The importance of being critically reflective in presenting the future research section is that it allows for the advent of new arenas of thought that you or other researchers can develop on.

15. A weak future research section and weak discussion of the research limitations does not make the study fragile/lacking rigour and depth.

16. Once a research specifies a study’s limitations, this discredits all research efforts exerted in it.

17. Reporting research is about presenting the research journey through clear and evidence-based arguments of design, process and outcomes, not just describing it.

18. It is not important to present in every research report the ethical considerations that were anticipated or have ascended in the study.

19. Verbal and visual presentations of research aid in the dissemination of its outcomes and value, and allow for its strengths to be revealed.

20. In oral presentations, the audience expects you as a researcher to present your work in full detail even if they will ask further questions in the follow-up discussion.

Research Paper Quiz Questions And Answers!

Have you ever prepared research papers? If you want to check how well you understand the terms, you can take this research paper quiz. With research paper quiz questions and answers, you can check your knowledge and get to learn something, which you were unable to recall during the routine. Read the questions carefully to get all the questions correct with a perfect score. All the best! And, don't forget to share the results on social handles and friends.

If you have good research skills, then when you’re doing research, you should feel a bit like you are:

Solving a mystery.

Designing a puzzle.

Digging in the ground to retrieve something.

Classifying books in a research library.

Rate this question:

What should be your writing persona, when you have finished researching and are writing your paper, ? How should you come across in your paper?

As a student writing for your instructor.

As an instructor writing for students.

As an expert writing for other experts.

As a reporter writing for the general public.

While writing a research paper, your goal is to:

Inform your reader.

Persuade your reader.

Save your reader time.

Motivate your reader to learn more about the subject.

You begin a research paper by stating your research topic. While stating your topic, what punctuation mark should you use? 

A semi-colon.

A question mark.

In academic writing, the square brackets [ ] are used for

To qualify statements.

To add minor comments.

To make insertions in quotations.

To indicate deleted material.

In academic writing, three periods (. . .) are used for?

To imply something that isn’t actually stated.

In your research paper, you must include your research question.

In your introduction.

In your thesis statement in your introduction.

In the first sentence of your introduction.

In the last sentence of your introduction.

What should not be done in your paper’s conclusion?

Summarize your paper’s main point or thesis (since it’s unnecessary).

Introduce a final, strong argument to support your thesis.

State why the results of your research are significant.

Point out where further research on your topic is needed.

Should you quote Wikipedia in your research paper? Experts address this question when they are discussing.

Digital publishing vs. print publishing

Wiki technology

Information literacy

When you are assessing the strength of research arguments and evidence, which of the following factors should you ignore?

Representativeness

Sufficiency

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• Aug 17, 2023 Quiz Edited by ProProfs Editorial Team
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