flood presentation

A flood happens when water overflows or soaks land that is normally dry. There are few places on Earth where people don’t need to be concerned about flooding.

Ecology, Earth Science, Geology, Engineering, Geography, Human Geography, Physical Geography, World History

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A flood happens when water overflows or soaks land that is normally dry. There are few places on Earth where people don’t need to be concerned about flooding. Generally, floods take hours or even days to develop, giving residents time to prepare or evacuate . Sometimes, floods develop quickly and with little warning. A flood can develop in a many ways. The most common is when rivers or streams overflow their banks . These floods are called riverine floods . Heavy rain , a broken dam or levee , rapid icemelt in the mountains, or even a beaver dam in a vulnerable spot can overwhelm a river and send it spreading over nearby land. The land surrounding a river is called a flood plain . Coastal flooding , also called estuarine flooding , happens when a large storm or tsunami causes the sea to rush inland . Floods are the second-most widespread natural disaster on Earth, after wildfires . All 50 states of the United States are vulnerable to flooding. Effects of Floods When floodwaters recede , affected areas are often blanketed in silt and mud. This sediment can be full of nutrients , benefiting farmers and agribusinesses in the area. Famously fertile flood plains like the Mississippi River valley in the American Midwest, the Nile River valley in Egypt, and the Fertile Crescent in the Middle East have supported agriculture for thou sands of years. Yearly flooding has left millions of tons of nutrient-rich soil behind. However, floods have enormous destructive power. When a river overflows its banks or the sea moves inland, many structures are unable to withstand the force of the water. Bridges, houses, trees, and cars can be picked up and carried off. Floods erode soil, taking it from under a building's foundation , causing the building to crack and tumble. Severe flooding in Bangladesh in July 2007 led to more than a million homes being damaged or destroyed. Floods can cause even more damage when their waters recede. The water and landscape can be contaminated with hazardous materials, such as sharp debris , pesticides , fuel , and untreated sewage . Potentially dangerous mold can quickly overwhelm water-soaked structures. As flood water spreads, it carries disease . Flood victims can be left for weeks without clean water for drinking or hygiene . This can lead to outbreaks of deadly diseases like typhoid , malaria , hepatitis A, and cholera . This happened in 2000, as hundreds of people in Mozambique fled to refugee camps after the Limpopo River flooded their homes. They soon fell ill and died from cholera, which is spread by unsanitary conditions, and malaria, spread by mosquitoes that thrived on the swollen river banks. In the United States, floods are responsible for an average of nearly 100 deaths every year, and cause about $7.5 billion in damage. China's Yellow River valley has seen some of the world's worst floods in the past 100 years. The 1931 Yellow River flood is one of the most devastating natural disasters ever recorded—almost a million people drowned, and even more were left homeless. Natural Causes of Floods Floods occur naturally. They are part of the water cycle , and the environment is adapted to flooding. Wetlands along river banks, lakes , and estuaries absorb flood waters. Wetland vegetation , such as trees, grasses, and sedges , slow the speed of flood waters and more evenly distribute their energy. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) , the wetlands along the Mississippi River once stored at least 60 days of flood water. (Today, Mississippi wetlands store only 12 days of flood water. Most wetlands have been filled or drained.) Floods can also devastate an environment. The most vulnerable regions are those that experience frequent floods and those that have not flooded for many years. In the first case, the environment does not have time to recover between floods. In the second case, the environment may not be able to adapt to flood conditions. In August 2010, Pakistan experienced some of the worst floods of the century . The annual monsoon , on which Pakistani farmers and consumers rely, was unusually strong. Tons of water drenched the nation. The Indus River burst its banks. Because the river flows almost directly through the narrow country, almost all of Pakistan was affected by flooding. Millions of Pakistanis lost their homes, and almost 2,000 died in the floods. The province of Punjab, the country’s agricultural center, was particularly devastated. Rice, wheat, and corn crops were destroyed. The impact of the floods continued long after the monsoon dwindled and the Indus subsided . Pakistanis experienced food shortages, power outages, and loss of infrastructure . Outbreaks of cholera and malaria developed near resettlement camps. Experts estimated that the rebuilding effort would cost up to $15 billion. Sometimes, floods are triggered by other natural disasters, such as earthquakes and tsunamis. In January 2011, a major earthquake struck off the coast of Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. The quake triggered a massive tsunami, its crest reaching as high as 40 meters (131 feet). The tsunami crashed more than 10 kilometers (six miles) inland, flooding homes, businesses, schools, parks, hospitals, and the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant . A dam holding a reservoir burst, triggering another flood that destroyed homes. Rain that accompanies hurricanes and cyclones can quickly flood coastal areas. The rise in sea level that occurs during these storms is called a storm surge . A storm surge is a type of coastal flood. They can be devastating. The storm surge that accompanied the 1970 Bhola cyclone flooded the low-lying islands of the Ganges Delta in India and Bangladesh. More than 500,000 people were killed, and twice that number were left homeless. The strong winds associated with hurricanes and cyclones can also whip up and move huge amounts of water, forcing a storm surge far inland. In 2005, Hurricane Katrina brought huge amounts of wind and rain to the Gulf Coast of the United States. The city of New Orleans, Louisiana, was particularly hard-hit. The storm surge from Hurricane Katrina caused some of the city’s levees to break. Levees protect New Orleans from the Mississippi River. The river rushed in and flooded entire neighborhoods . Hundreds of people drowned, and the storm did more than $100 billion in damage. Artificial Causes of Floods Floods can also have artificial sources. Many man-made floods are intentional and controlled. Rice farmers, for instance, rely on flooded fields. Rice is a semi-aquatic crop—it grows in water. After rice seedlings are planted, farmers flood their fields, called rice paddies, in about 15 to 25 centimeters (six to 10 inches) of water. Rice paddies must be carefully engineered to allow controlled flooding. Strong dikes or levees, as well as regulated channels for irrigation , are required. Sometimes, engineers flood an area to restore an ecosystem . In 2008, the U.S.'s Grand Canyon was deliberately flooded. Water was released from dams on the Colorado River , which runs through the Grand Canyon. In 20 minutes, enough water was released from a dam at Lake Powell, Utah, to fill up the Empire State Building. Hydrologists , engineers, and environmentalists hoped that flooding the canyon would help redistribute sediment—which had been blocked up by dams—and create sandbars . Sandbars provide a wildlife habitat , often serving as a shallow bridge for animals such as beavers and bighorn sheep to cross from one side of the river to the other. Dams control the natural flood plains of lakes and rivers. Hydrologists may intentionally flood areas to prevent damage to the dam or increase the water supply for agriculture, industry , or consumer use. Engineers may also intentionally flood areas to prevent the possibility of worse flooding. When heavy rains caused the Souris River to flood in 2011, for example, the water level nearly reached the top of the Alameda Reservoir in Oxbow, Saskatchewan, Canada. Faced with the prospect of catastrophic flooding if the entire dam broke, engineers chose to release huge amounts of water. The reservoir remained intact , but the release contributed to massive floods in both Saskatchewan and the U.S. city of Minot, North Dakota. Not all man-made floods are intentional, however. The natural banks of rivers and streams shrink as people develop land nearby. River banks are valuable real estate for housing, businesses, and industry. From Shanghai, China, to San Antonio, Texas, U.S., rivers are the sites of busy urban areas . In rural areas, factories use river currents to distribute runoff . To accommodate such development , river banks are paved with hard, non-porous materials. Soils and plants are replaced with concrete and asphalt , which can’t absorb water. An unusual amount of rain can cause these rivers to quickly overrun their concrete banks. Australia is conducting an investigation of Brisbane’s development decisions after the Brisbane River overran its banks and flooded the country’s capital in 2011. Streets, downtown business districts, and bridges were destroyed. Water reached the third row of seats in the city’s rugby stadium. The flood waters were high enough at two meters (six feet) that bull sharks (Carcharhinus leucas) were spotted swimming up major streets. Concrete banks also increase the amount of runoff flowing to nearby bodies of water. This increases the risk of coastal flooding. Venice, Italy, for instance, is frequently flooded as tides from the Adriatic Sea seep into the heavily developed islands on which the city rests.

Hydrologists, engineers, and city planners constantly work to reduce flood damage. Shrubs and plants create buffers to prevent runoff from seeping into flood plains, urban areas, or other bodies of water. The thick vegetation between a river and a flood plain is called a riparian zone . Despite their efforts, people can also radically fail to control floods. The most famous flood in American history, the Johnstown Flood , was an artificial disaster. The tragedy killed 2,209 people and made headlines around the country. Johnstown, Pennsylvania, U.S., was on a floodplain at the meeting of the Stony Creek and Little Conemaugh rivers. As more people moved to the city, the banks of the rivers were paved and narrowed, causing yearly flooding. Residents were prepared for this. They watched the river and moved their belongings upstairs or onto rooftops as the city flooded. However, residents were not prepared for the additional flood from an entire lake. Located in nearby mountains, Lake Conemaugh was a reservoir created by the South Fork Dam. The lake was an exclusive retreat for members of the South Fork Fishing and Hunting Club, which owned the dam. Lake Conemaugh contained 20 million tons of water. On May 31, 1889, the dam broke and the water rushed down the river at 64 kilometers (40 miles) per hour. Johnstown’s leading industry was steel production, and the flood waters quickly became choked with industrial debris—steel cables , chemical solvents , glass, rail cars. The flood destroyed a wire factory, filling the water with tons of barbed wire . About 80 people died when floating wreckage caught fire. Rebuilding Johnstown took years—the bodies of some victims were not found until 20 years later. Although the South Fork Fishing and Hunting Club failed to maintain the dam, members of the club successfully argued that the disaster was an “ act of God .” Flood Classification Disaster experts classify floods according to their likelihood of occurring in a given time period. The most common classifications are a 10-year flood, a 50-year flood, and a 100-year flood . A 100-year flood, for example, is an extremely large, destructive event that would be expected to happen only once every century. But this is only an estimate. What “100-year flood” actually means is that there is a 1 percent chance that such a flood could happen in any given year. In recent decades, 100-year floods have occurred more frequently. This may be due to global warming , the current period of climate change . The Red River, which flows along the border of North Dakota and Minnesota, chronically floods. Anything over 8.5 meters (28 feet) is considered “ flood stage ” in the area. In 1997, the river crested at almost 12 meters (40 feet), a record level. In 2009, the record was beaten as the river flooded again, reaching a height of almost 12.5 meters (40.8 feet). The river flooded for 61 days. Flash floods can develop within hours of heavy rainfall. Flash floods can be extremely dangerous, instantly turning a babbling brook into a thundering wall of water that sweeps away everything in its path. Most deaths from flooding occur as a result of flash floods. Flash floods do not have a system for classifying their magnitude . Deserts are vulnerable to flash floods. Wadis and arroyos are dry river beds that only flow during heavy rains. Wadis can be dangerous during flash floods because they rarely have riparian zones to slow the flood’s energy. The city of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, developed on the site of several wadis, and floods are frequent after heavy rains. More than 100 people died in flash floods in Jeddah in 2009. The floods developed so quickly that many victims drowned in their cars as streets became submerged . Predicting Floods Today, hydrologists study past flood patterns to help predict where and when floods will happen in the future. The predictions are only estimates, however. Weather , land, and climate can all change. An area’s soil and groundwater provide clues about flooding. Pedologists , or soil scientists, work with hydrologists to determine how much water a region’s earth can absorb. Agricultural soil, for instance, can absorb much more water than sand or bare rock . Groundwater is water already in the earth—in soil, underground reservoirs called aquifers , and even porous rocks. The type of soil and the amount of groundwater tells hydrologists how much more water the earth can absorb. Determining the amount of runoff in an area can also provide clues about the possibility of flooding. Runoff happens when there is more water than soil can absorb. Excess water overflows and runs on top of the land. Runoff can come from natural processes, such as icemelt. It can also come from human activity, such as excess irrigation, sewage, and industrial waste. Controlling runoff can help control floods. Hydrologists work with meteorologists to evaluate snowfall and snowpack . Melting snow contributes to runoff and increases groundwater levels. When snow melts quickly, the ground may not have time to absorb the water. Snowfall is one of the biggest contributors to flooding, and cannot always be predicted. Rapid snowmelt in the Andes Mountains, for example, creates mudslides and floods that disable railways and bridges. In 2010, snowmelt flooding trapped 4,000 tourists in towns near the remote historic site of Machu Picchu, Peru, for two days. Modern technology helps researchers predict floods. Doppler radar , for example, shows scientists where a storm is most severe. Doppler uses motion to detect weather patterns and create computerized images of rainfall. Automated gauges placed in rivers measure the height and speed of river currents, and the amount of rain received. Geographic information system (GIS) maps made with this information help scientists warn people if a river will overrun its banks and flood areas nearby. Preventing Floods For thousands of years, people have tried to prevent and control floods. Yu the Great , for example, is a legendary figure in Chinese history. Around 2100 B.C.E., Yu developed a way to control the devastating floods of the Yellow River. Yu studied data from previous Yellow River floods, noting where the flow was the strongest and flood plains were most vulnerable. Instead of damming the river, Yu dredged it—he and a team of engineers made river channels deeper to accommodate more water. Yu also oversaw the construction of numerous irrigation canals , which diverted the flow of the river’s mainstem during times of flooding. It’s not always possible to prevent floods, but it is often possible to minimize flood damage. Structures around rivers, lakes, and the sea can contain flood waters. Levees, runoff canals , and reservoirs can stop water from overflowing. Levees are usually made of earth. They are built by piling soil, sand, or rocks near a river’s banks. Levees may also be made of blocks of wood, plastic, or metal. They may even be reinforced by concrete. Levees in New Orleans, for example, use compacted earth, wooden beams, iron rebar , steel pilings, and concrete to hold back the mighty Mississippi River. Runoff canals are man-made channels. These structures are connected to rivers and direct excess water away from buildings and residences. One of the first canals in North America was constructed in about 200 B.C.E. to control the seasonal flood waters of Lake Okeechobee, Florida, U.S. Today, southern Florida is criss-crossed by runoff canals that redirect the flow of the Everglades , the “River of Grass” that runs from Lake Okeechobee to the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico. These canals redirect flood water away from urban areas in southern Florida and toward irrigation canals primarily used for fields of sugar cane . Natural and artificial reservoirs help prevent flooding. Natural reservoirs are basins where fresh water collects. Man-made reservoirs collect water behind a dam. They can hold more water in times of heavy rainfall. In April 2011, the government of Ethiopia announced plans for a large dam on the Blue Nile River. The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam, which would be the largest dam in Africa, would create a reservoir capable of holding 67 billion cubic meters (2.4 trillion cubic feet) of water. The dam would prevent flooding downstream and provide the nation with hydroelectric energy . Conserving wetlands also reduces the impact of floods. Wetlands provide a natural barrier, acting as a giant sponge for storm surges and flood plains. The swamps and bayous of America's southern Louisiana and Mississippi, for instance, protect inland areas from both coastal and riverine flooding. Wetlands absorb the storm surge from hurricanes that hit the area from the Gulf of Mexico. Wetland riparian zones that line the Mississippi River protect fertile flood plains as the river overflows its banks. Many governments mandate that residents of flood- prone areas purchase flood insurance and build flood-resistant structures. Massive efforts to mitigate and redirect floods have resulted in some of the most ambitious engineering efforts ever seen. The Thames Barrier is one of the largest flood-control projects in the world. The Thames Barrier protects the urban area of London, England, from floods from storm surges that rush up the River Thames from the Atlantic Ocean. A series of 10 steel gates span the river near London’s Woolrich district. Each gate can hold back 9,000 tons of water, and disappears into the river when the water is calm. Perhaps the most extensive and sophisticated flood-prevention program is the Zuiderzee Works in the Netherlands. The Netherlands is a low-lying nation that is plagued by coastal flooding from the North Sea. Beginning in the 1200s, the Dutch began to erect a series of massive dikes and levees on its coast. In the 1900s, Dutch engineers worked to isolate and dam an entire inlet of the North Sea, the Zuiderzee. The largest part of the Zuiderzee Works is the Afsluitdijk , a 32-kilometer (20-mile) dike that cuts off the Zuiderzee from the North Sea. In addition to protecting the Netherlands from flooding, the Zuiderzee Works has drained parts of the Zuiderzee for development.

Apres Moi, le Deluge "After me, the flood" (in French, " apres moi, le deluge ") is a phrase attributed to the French King Louis XV or his mistress, Madame de Pompadour. The phrase is a casual way of expressing irresponsibility, something like "When I leave a project, I don't care if a catastrophe happens. It no longer concerns me."

London Beer Flood In 1814, vats containing 1.47 million liters (388,333 gallons) of beer spilled in the St. Giles area of London, England. Several homes and businesses were destroyed, and seven people drowned.

Costliest U.S. Floods As of July 2011, according to the Federal Emergency Management Association (FEMA): Hurricane Katrina (2005) $16.2 billion Hurricane Ike (2008) $2.6 billion Hurricane Ivan (2004) $1.2 billion Tropical Storm Allison (1989) $1.1 billion Louisiana Flood (1995) $585 million

Flood Myths Stories about great, Earth-drowning floods are common throughout world cultures. Many stories are remarkably similar: A deity warns a virtuous man about a catastrophic flood. The man builds a large boat, saving himself, his family, animals, and plants from the flood, which destroys the rest of Earth. Eventually, the man releases two birds to see if they bring back vegetation (which can only grow in soil). A bird returns, and human civilization is saved. The most famous version of this flood myth is probably the story of Noah, recorded in the Torah, the Bible, and the Quran. Another version is the Mesopotamian legend of Utnapishtim, recorded in the Legend of Gilgamesh, one of the earliest works of literature, predating the Torah by more than a thousand years. The Maasai legend of Tumbainot, the Altai myth of Nama, and the Hawaiian myth of Nuu are all remarkably similar.

Flood as a War Tactic In 1937, the Chinese government destroyed the dike at Huayuankou, on the Yellow River, to stop the Japanese invasion. The invasion continued by a different route, but the environmental devastation of the flooding was immense. At least 800,000 people drowned, and more than a million were made homeless. More than a thousand square kilometers of farmland was underwater. Flooding changed the course of the Yellow River to such an extent that its mouth moved dozens of kilometers to the south. Ten years later, the dike at Huayuankou was rebuilt and the Yellow River resumed its previous course.

Boston Molasses Flood In 1919, an 8.7 million-liter (2.3 million-gallon) tank of molasses exploded in the North End area of Boston, Massachusetts, United States. The wave of molasses crested as high as three meters (10 feet) and moved as quickly as 56 kilometers per hour (35 miles per hour). A train was lifted off its tracks, and 21 people died. Six months later, Boston Harbor remained brown with molasses.

"The Hero of Haarlem" A popular story concerns a young boy from the town of Haarlem, Netherlands, who notices a leak in the town's dike. The Spaarne River is flowing through a tiny hole in the barrier, threatening to flood the town. The young boy plugs the leak with his finger, and stays there all night. Adults find him the next morning and permanently repair the leak. Although first written about by an American (Mary Mapes Dodge, in her book Hans Brinker, or the Silver Skates ), the story is from the Netherlands. The story has been changed and retold many times. In most versions, the dike is holding back the North Sea, not a river. In some versions of the story, the young boy freezes to death during his all-night stay at the dike.

Toxic Flood There are many examples of toxic materials, from pig manure to coal slurry, flooding communities. One of the most unusual was the 2010 rupture of a chemical storage tank at an aluminum factory in Ajka, Hungary. The bright-red sludge was responsible for at least four deaths, as well as the relocation of hundreds of Hungarians. The toxic sludge, which included lead and arsenic, was eventually diluted by the Danube River.

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Learn about what causes flooding, different types of floods—and how to stay safe.

Rain is pouring hard and fast—more than eight inches in just an hour, turning river water brown with mud. Earthworms wiggle up to the ground as the soil becomes too wet for them. A flood might be coming.

Just about any place on Earth can experience flooding. When so much rain falls that the ground can’t absorb it or waterways can’t hold it, the overflowing water becomes a destructive force. In the United States, flooding causes more death and damage than tornadoes, hurricanes, or lightning.

How floods develop

During a rainstorm, precipitation—or the water that comes from rain or snow—goes to different places. Some of it flows into streams, lakes, or city water systems. Other precipitation evaporates and returns to the atmosphere.

But much of the rainwater is absorbed by soil. It flows through the top layer of the ground, to plant roots below the surface. This helps provides plants with the water and nutrients they need to grow. The excess water moves deeper into the ground through layers of dirt and rocks where until it becomes part of natural underground wells called groundwater.

A habitat can naturally absorb a healthy amount of rainfall it needs to thrive. But too much rain can cause lake and river levels to rise and overflow their banks, or the soil to become too wet to absorb more water. And though you might think extremely dry habitats would welcome too much rain, it turns out that the parched dirt can’t absorb the rain fast enough to capture it all.

Severe coastal storms, quickly melting ice and snow, and collapsed barriers (like concrete dams) can also cause floods. Even damaged beaver dams can lead to an overflow of water that the surrounding earth can’t absorb.

Different types of floods

Floods can form slowly over several days or overwhelm an area with little warning. How quickly a flood forms often depends on the habitat.

Slow-forming river flooding happens in regions called floodplains. These are large, flat areas of land along waterways with very shallow banks. When big storms hit, the water overflows the banks and spreads out across the plains.

This type of flooding isn’t always bad. It brings nutrients to the surrounding soil, making it fertile for growing crops. That’s why many people live in or near floodplains.

But too much water can destroy crops and damage homes. Rushing water can disrupt ecosystems by moving aquatic plants and animals to other habitats. And if flooding is so severe that it flows into local water treatment facilities, experts must monitor the incoming water to make sure the water is safe.

Another type of flooding is called a flash flood, when a flood happens within six hours of a heavy rainfall—as much as eight inches an hour. With no place to go, the moving water will tear through highways, valleys, and canyons, washing away vehicles, roads, bridges, and houses.

Quickly melting ice and snow can also cause flash flooding, especially when mountain snowmelt overflows the waterways below. On coastlines, hurricane rains cause water levels to rise, and the high winds push that water onto land. Called a storm surge, this also causes flash flooding.

Flooding in the future

Scientists believe that warming temperatures caused by climate change are increasing the risk of floods all over the world, especially in coastal and low-lying areas.

Warmer water changes the patterns of ocean currents, which changes global weather patterns. This means that some places will receive more rainfall than the ground can absorb. Other places will get less rain so the land will be drier—and unable to handle rainfall when it does occur.

Scientists think that climate change could also cause stronger hurricanes, with more rain and higher winds causing bigger storm surges. A warmer climate could also mean more snowmelt overwhelming the soil; melting polar ice could cause sea levels to rise and increase flooding. ( Find out how you can help slow climate change .)

How to survive a flood

Experts might issue a flash flood watch if weather conditions are right. It doesn’t mean flooding will happen but that meteorologists want people to be prepared. When experts are sure a flash flood is on the way, they issue a warning so people can evacuate immediately. Here’s how to keep you and your family safe.

Before a flood • Know your neighborhood. Research how close you are to streams, drainage channels, canyons, and any other low-lying areas that might flood. • Keep emergency contact phone numbers in one place so you can get in touch with family members. • Put together an evacuation plan and share it with everyone in your household. Know what paths and routes you can use to quickly get to a high, dry place. • Conduct flood drills to practice evacuating quickly. • Maintain an emergency kit with a three-day supply of food and water. Experts recommend canned or dried foods that don't need to be cooked, and at least one gallon of water per day for each person and pet.

During a flood • Never wait for orders to leave; if you think a flood might be coming, evacuate immediately. • If flooding hasn’t started, move important items to upper floors of your house. • If flooding has already started where you are, move to the highest place you can find, like a roof of a house or car. Bring as much food, water, and sheltering blankets as possible. • Never walk through flood water, especially if it’s moving. Hazardous chemicals, sewage, and even wild animals are often in floodwater, and just six inches of moving water can knock you off your feet. • If you  must walk through water to escape, walk where the water is still. Never touch electrical equipment if you are standing in water, or even if you’re wet. • If water is quickly rising while you’re in your car, leave your vehicle and move to higher ground, like a hill or bridge.

After a flood • If you’ve evacuated your house, return only after you’re given the all-clear from officials. • If you stayed put, check your house for damage to electrical systems and appliances. Get rid of any food that might be contaminated from floodwater (or because it’s been unrefrigerated for awhile). • Check your home for wild animals, especially snakes. They can get washed into your home with the floodwater. • Ask an adult before you use water to brush your teeth, make food, or even wash your hands. Flooding can contaminate water and make you sick.

Learn more about floods at National Geographic .

Flood safety tips from the Nat Geo Kids book Extreme Weather by Thomas Kostigen

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Flood Preparedness and Response

Introduction.

• Preparedness
• Response/Recovery
• OSHA Resources
• Additional Resources
• Earthquakes
• Winter Weather
• Workers' Rights

Floods can be serious catastrophes and they are one of the most common hazards in the United States. Floods can be caused by a variety of factors, including a sudden accumulation of rain, rising rivers, tidal surges, ice jams and dam failures.

OSHA and NOAA are working together on a public education effort aimed at improving the way people prepare for and respond to severe weather . This page is designed to help businesses and their workers prepare for floods , and to provide information about hazards that workers may face during and after a flood event.

Workers who have to respond to flooded areas face the greatest risks from floods, but all workers can help protect themselves by preparing evacuation plans and learning about the hazards commonly associated with floods.

The Preparedness page provides information on making an evacuation plan, emergency supply kits, and flood watches and warnings. This planning information can help you ensure that you are ready to evacuate in an orderly manner before rising waters impact your business or residence, or your evacuation routes.

The Response/Recovery page provides useful details on the hazards to avoid when flooding has occurred. This includes areas to avoid when using a vehicle, and safety and health hazards such as downed electrical lines, mold and wild animals.

Employer Responsibilities and Workers' Rights

Each employer is responsible for the safety and health of its workers and for providing a safe and healthful workplace for its workers. Employers are required to protect workers from the anticipated hazards associated with the flood response and recovery operations that workers are likely to conduct.

OSHA's role is to assure the safety and health of America's workers. The OSHA at a Glance publication provides information on the strategies and programs OSHA uses to promote worker safety and health. For additional information on Workers' Rights, Employer Responsibilities, and other services OSHA offers, visit OSHA's Employers Page , Workers Page and Publications .

OSHA provides comprehensive worker safety and health resources for protecting workers from many different hazards associated with storm response and recovery. See the Worker Safety and Health Resources for Hurricanes and Flood Cleanup and Recovery for an up-to-date listing of these OSHA web pages, Fact Sheets and QuickCards™, along with interagency and OSHA alliance partner publications.

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158 Best Flood-Themed Templates for PowerPoint & Google Slides

With over 6 million presentation templates available for you to choose from, crystalgraphics is the award-winning provider of the world’s largest collection of templates for powerpoint and google slides. so, take your time and look around. you’ll like what you see whether you want 1 great template or an ongoing subscription, we've got affordable purchasing options and 24/7 download access to fit your needs. thanks to our unbeatable combination of quality, selection and unique customization options, crystalgraphics is the company you can count on for your presentation enhancement needs. just ask any of our thousands of satisfied customers from virtually every leading company around the world. they love our products. we think you will, too" id="category_description">crystalgraphics creates templates designed to make even average presentations look incredible. below you’ll see thumbnail sized previews of the title slides of a few of our 158 best flood templates for powerpoint and google slides. the text you’ll see in in those slides is just example text. the flood-related image or video you’ll see in the background of each title slide is designed to help you set the stage for your flood-related topics and it is included with that template. in addition to the title slides, each of our templates comes with 17 additional slide layouts that you can use to create an unlimited number of presentation slides with your own added text and images. and every template is available in both widescreen and standard formats. with over 6 million presentation templates available for you to choose from, crystalgraphics is the award-winning provider of the world’s largest collection of templates for powerpoint and google slides. so, take your time and look around. you’ll like what you see whether you want 1 great template or an ongoing subscription, we've got affordable purchasing options and 24/7 download access to fit your needs. thanks to our unbeatable combination of quality, selection and unique customization options, crystalgraphics is the company you can count on for your presentation enhancement needs. just ask any of our thousands of satisfied customers from virtually every leading company around the world. they love our products. we think you will, too.

Widescreen (16:9) Presentation Templates. Change size...

Blurry view of burning fire on water in a yellow frame

PPT theme having man with an umbrella in the flood

Slide set enhanced with flooded homes and plots of land in the villages during the spring flood of the river pripyat backdrop

PPT theme having flood backdrop

Theme with dam at night and discharge flood water hong kong

Presentation theme enhanced with car going through flood highway

Presentation having empty signboard on standing in water of river during a flood backdrop

Presentation theme featuring australian suburban stormwater drains in residential area backdrop

Presentation enhanced with dirty flood water flowing rapidly in a mountain river background

Theme with sea top view

Slide deck consisting of flooded street n budapest with traffic sign

PPT theme having muddy wet countryside road and dark storm clouds background

Theme with rain puddles on a pavement in the city backdrop

Theme with dirt collected during a flood passauy bavaria germany

Theme enhanced with motor rickshaw in jaipur after monsoon or flood backdrop

Presentation theme enhanced with australian suburban stormwater drains in residential area

Slide set consisting of flood

PPT theme featuring flood 2013

Presentation theme consisting of dirty flood water flowing rapidly in a mountain river

Presentation design with greenville-banning flood control channel in costa mesa california the channel provides storm water conveyance for portions of the cities of santa ana and costa mesa

Presentation theme consisting of falls of feuch at banchory aberdeenshire uk

Presentation theme enhanced with flooded homes and plots of land in the villages during the spring flood of the river pripyat reflection

Presentation theme enhanced with greenville-banning flood control channel in costa mesa california the channel provides storm water conveyance for portions of the cities of santa ana and costa mesa

Presentation theme enhanced with flood

Presentation consisting of light electrician on a wall of arena di verona background

Slides with blue ice cave covered with snow and flooded with light

Slide set featuring flooded street n budapest with traffic sign

Slides consisting of blue sky reflecting on water

Presentation design with australian suburban stormwater drains in residential area

Presentation with spill way from a large flood control dam backdrop

Slide deck featuring blue tunnel with water inside the flood

Theme featuring vivid water abstract shallow depth of field background

Presentation with stadium light pole backdrop

Presentation consisting of dark storm clouds and huge waves on a sea

PPT layouts having deluge old pictorial representation created by frere after painting by poussin kept in louvre museum published on magasin pittoresque paris 1845 backdrop

Slides having flood of 2013 austria flows and floods in agriculture

Slide deck with flood of 2013 austria flows and floods in agriculture background

Theme consisting of flooded street n budapest with traffic sign backdrop

PPT layouts with ceiling mounted fire sprinkler in hotel room background

Presentation with river and spring forest nature composition backdrop

More flood templates for powerpoint and google slides:.

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Powerpoint Templates and Google slides for Flood

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It has PPT slides covering wide range of topics showcasing all the core areas of your business needs. This complete deck focuses on Flood Destruction Stream Traveling Indication Protective and consists of professionally designed templates with suitable graphics and appropriate content. This deck has total of twelve slides. Our designers have created customizable templates for your convenience. You can make the required changes in the templates like colour, text and font size. Other than this, content can be added or deleted from the slide as per the requirement. Get access to this professionally designed complete deck PPT presentation by clicking the download button below.

Presenting our Flood Emergency Response In Powerpoint And Google Slides Cpb PowerPoint template design. This PowerPoint slide showcases four stages. It is useful to share insightful information on Flood Emergency Response. This PPT slide can be easily accessed in standard screen and widescreen aspect ratios. It is also available in various formats like PDF, PNG, and JPG. Not only this, the PowerPoint slideshow is completely editable and you can effortlessly modify the font size, font type, and shapes according to your wish. Our PPT layout is compatible with Google Slides as well, so download and edit it as per your knowledge.

Presenting this set of slides with name Disaster Recovery From Flood Icon. The topics discussed in these slides are Disaster Recovery From Flood Icon. This is a completely editable PowerPoint presentation and is available for immediate download. Download now and impress your audience.

This Monotone PowerPoint Icon is a great way to represent flooding in presentations. It features a simple, black and white design that conveys the seriousness of flooding and its potential dangers. Perfect for any presentation on floods or natural disasters.

Presenting this set of slides with name Heavy Rain Covered City With Flood Water. The topics discussed in these slide is Heavy Rain Covered City With Flood Water. This is a completely editable PowerPoint presentation and is available for immediate download. Download now and impress your audience.

Presenting this set of slides with name Heavy Destruction Caused Due To Flood Struck City. The topics discussed in these slide is Heavy Destruction Caused Due To Flood Struck City. This is a completely editable PowerPoint presentation and is available for immediate download. Download now and impress your audience.

Presenting this set of slides with name Rising Flood Water Level Highlighting Green Indication. The topics discussed in these slide is Rising Flood Water Level Highlighting Green Indication. This is a completely editable PowerPoint presentation and is available for immediate download. Download now and impress your audience.

Enhance your PowerPoint presentation and make them impressive with our Template And Background With Woman Hand Drowning In Water For Global Flood Warning. Using this attention-grabbing PPT, you can leave a significant impact on your audience and convince them. This handy template is entirely editable and portrays your ideas comprehensively. With this illustrative slide, emphasize the critical points and make your presentation praiseworthy. The color palette used in this PPT turns your dull presentation into a vibrant and attractive one. By utilizing our Template And Background With Woman Hand Drowning In Water For Global Flood Warning, you can engagingly describe the topic. Present your ideas, data insights, interpretation, analysis, and other crucial business information by using our professionally designed PPT. Showcase your skills and expertise in the domain of your choice with our visually appealing template which can be employed by any organization. Simply tweak this editable PPT and wow your audience. Take your presentation to the next level using this versatile PowerPoint theme which is equipped with attractive design elements.

Presenting this set of slides with name - Drowning Showing Mans Hands In River. This is a three stage process. The stages in this process are Drowning, Flood, Submerge.

Presenting this set of slides with name School Bus Struck In Heavy Flood Water. The topics discussed in these slide is School Bus Struck In Heavy Flood Water. This is a completely editable PowerPoint presentation and is available for immediate download. Download now and impress your audience.

This slide shows segment choice option for water utility for farmers such as Wastewater Treatment, Drinking Water Distribution, Irrigation, Flood Control etc. which will be measured based on new opportunities, sustainable growth etc. Present the topic in a bit more detail with this Digital Platforms And Solutions Segment Choice Options For Water Utility Management Strategy. Use it as a tool for discussion and navigation on Opportunities, New Business Model, Leveraging Digital Trends, Sustainable Revenue Growth. This template is free to edit as deemed fit for your organization. Therefore download it now.

Presenting this set of slides with name Multiple Vehicles Struck In Heavy Flood Water Stream. The topics discussed in these slide is Multiple Vehicles Struck In Heavy Flood Water Stream. This is a completely editable PowerPoint presentation and is available for immediate download. Download now and impress your audience.

The following slide exhibits geospatial technology applications in agricultural industry to analyze land, field data visualization on map and making informed decisions. It includes components such as crop yield prediction, livestock monitoring, irrigation control and flood, drought and erosion control. Presenting our set of slides with Geospatial Technology Applications In Agriculture Industry. This exhibits information on four stages of the process. This is an easy to edit and innovatively designed PowerPoint template. So download immediately and highlight information on Crop Yield Prediction, Livestock Monitoring, Irrigation Control .

Introducing our Key Initiatives By People To Help Flood Victims set of slides. The topics discussed in these slides are Key Initiatives By People To Help Flood Victims. This is an immediately available PowerPoint presentation that can be conveniently customized. Download it and convince your audience.

Presenting this set of slides with name - Drowning Having Man And Water Tank. This is a two stage process. The stages in this process are Drowning, Flood, Submerge.

Presenting this set of slides with name - Marketing Plan Market Flood Plastic Recycled Approved Dna Cpb. This is an editable eight stages graphic that deals with topics like Marketing Plan, Market Flood, Plastic Recycled, Approved, Dna to help convey your message better graphically. This product is a premium product available for immediate download, and is 100 percent editable in Powerpoint. Download this now and use it in your presentations to impress your audience.

Presenting Disaster Contingency Plan Flood In Powerpoint And Google Slides Cpb slide which is completely adaptable. The graphics in this PowerPoint slide showcase six stages that will help you succinctly convey the information. In addition, you can alternate the color, font size, font type, and shapes of this PPT layout according to your content. This PPT presentation can be accessed with Google Slides and is available in both standard screen and widescreen aspect ratios. It is also a useful set to elucidate topics like Disaster Contingency Plan Flood. This well structured design can be downloaded in different formats like PDF, JPG, and PNG. So, without any delay, click on the download button now.

Give your next presentation a sophisticated, yet modern look with this 100 percent editable Flood colored icon in powerpoint pptx png and editable eps format. Choose from a variety of customizable formats such as PPTx, png, eps. You can use these icons for your presentations, banners, templates, One-pagers that suit your business needs.

Make your presentation profoundly eye-catching leveraging our easily customizable Flood level rise colored icon in powerpoint pptx png and editable eps format. It is designed to draw the attention of your audience. Available in all editable formats, including PPTx, png, and eps, you can tweak it to deliver your message with ease.

Give your next presentation a sophisticated, yet modern look with this 100 percent editable Flood level rise monotone icon in powerpoint pptx png and editable eps format. Choose from a variety of customizable formats such as PPTx, png, eps. You can use these icons for your presentations, banners, templates, One-pagers that suit your business needs.

Make your presentation profoundly eye-catching leveraging our easily customizable Flood monotone icon in powerpoint pptx png and editable eps format. It is designed to draw the attention of your audience. Available in all editable formats, including PPTx, png, and eps, you can tweak it to deliver your message with ease.

Presenting Flood Attack as a Type of DoS Attack. This PPT presentation is thoroughly researched by the experts, and every slide consists of appropriate content. It is well crafted and designed by our PowerPoint specialists. Suitable for use by managers, employees, and organizations. You can edit the color, text, icon, and font size to suit your requirements. The PPT also supports Google Slides. Even Premium Customer Support is also available. Download now and present with confidence.

Presenting Ping Flood Attack as a Type of DoS Attack. This PPT presentation is thoroughly researched by the experts, and every slide consists of appropriate content. It is well crafted and designed by our PowerPoint specialists. Suitable for use by managers, employees, and organizations. You can edit the color, text, icon, and font size to suit your requirements. The PPT also supports Google Slides. Even Premium Customer Support is also available. Download now and present with confidence.

Presenting HTTP Flood as an Example of Application Layer Attack. This PPT presentation is thoroughly researched and each slide consists of appropriate content. Designed by PowerPoint specialists, this PPT is fully customizable alter the colors, text, icons, and font size to meet your needs. Compatible with Google Slides and backed by superior customer support. Download today to deliver your presentation confidently.

Presenting SYN Flood as an Example of Protocol Attack. This PPT presentation is thoroughly researched by the experts, and every slide consists of appropriate content. It is well crafted and designed by our PowerPoint specialists. Suitable for use by managers, employees, and organizations. You can edit the color, text, icon, and font size to suit your requirements. The PPT also supports Google Slides. Even Premium Customer Support is also available. Download now and present with confidence.

Presenting CO2 Flooding System as Protection Equipment at Workplaces. This PPT presentation is thoroughly researched by the experts, and every slide consists of appropriate content. All slides are customizable. You can add or delete the content as per your need. Download this professionally designed business presentation, add your content, and present it with confidence.

Presenting Flood Insurance Estimate Calculator In Powerpoint And Google Slides Cpb slide which is completely adaptable. The graphics in this PowerPoint slide showcase four stages that will help you succinctly convey the information. In addition, you can alternate the color, font size, font type, and shapes of this PPT layout according to your content. This PPT presentation can be accessed with Google Slides and is available in both standard screen and widescreen aspect ratios. It is also a useful set to elucidate topics like Flood Insurance Estimate Calculator. This well structured design can be downloaded in different formats like PDF, JPG, and PNG. So, without any delay, click on the download button now.

This coloured powerpoint icon features a car submerged in water, symbolising the dangers of flooding. It is a perfect visual aid to help explain the risks of flooding and how to stay safe. It is a great addition to any presentation and will help to engage your audience.

This Monotone PowerPoint icon is perfect for presentations on car flood topics. It features a car submerged in water with a distressed look, making it an eye-catching and informative visual aid. It is easy to customize and is available in various sizes.

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This colourful PowerPoint icon is perfect for presentations on Floods. It features a blue wave with a yellow sun in the background, making it visually appealing and easy to remember. It is a great way to illustrate the effects of flooding and to help your audience understand the topic.

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Sep 08, 2014

990 likes | 2.72k Views

FLOODING. An Environmental Management Presentation. What is a flood?. A flood is an overflow of an expanse of water that submerges land. The EU Floods directive defines a flood as a temporary covering by water of land not normally covered by water. What causes flooding?.

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• drinking water
• bring rain water
• constructing strong coastal embankments

Presentation Transcript

FLOODING An Environmental Management Presentation

What is a flood? • A flood is an overflow of an expanse of water that submerges land. • The EU Floods directive defines a flood as a temporary covering by water of land not normally covered by water.

What causes flooding? • Rain is usually a flood’s main cause.

What causes flooding? • Tropical monsoon climate that have a high average annual rainfall.

Tropical cyclones that bring rain-water. What causes flooding?

What causes flooding? • Relief, that is, the configuration of the country. If the country is near the coast, lies low above sea level or on a flood plain or delta, it will have heavy rains that may cause flood.

What causes flooding? • Drainage, or the amount of water the rivers and lakes can hold and the amount of water present in these bodies when the country is not experiencing flood.

What effects does it have? Its effects can be • Immediate • Short-term • Long-term

Immediate: Loss of lives from the force of the flood water. Many people drown. What effects does it have?

Immediate: Destruction of property, again from the water and force of the flood. What effects does it have?

Immediate: Destruction of crops, plants, trees, and livestock. What effects does it have?

What effects does it have? • Immediate: Destruction of natural habits which may lead to the death of valuable species of animals.

Immediate: Disturbance of communication. What effects does it have?

What effects does it have? • Short-term: Need of medical treatment and breakout of water-related diseases.

Short-term: People are made homeless. What effects does it have?

What effects does it have? • Short-term: Shortage of food and safe drinking water.

What effects does it have? • Short-term: Problems of moving.

What effects does it have? • Long-term: Rebuilding, repairing, restoring and replacing houses, bridges, railway lines and essential public services like water and sewerage.

What effects does it have? • Long-term: Reclaiming farm-land and buying new seeds and animals.

What can be done? • Constructing dams to store water so that water that can help flood can be held back and, in addition, electricity produced.

What can be done? • Constructing reservoirs so that water can be stored and then later used for agriculture if desired. This, however, does not produce electricity.

What can be done? • Constructing strong coastal embankments so that not too much water spills out from the water body. The river embankments should also be increased in height to help it carry water.

Anything cheaper? • Dredging, that is, removing the excess sediments at the bottom of the river so that the river is able to carry more water for itself.

Anything cheaper? • Better flood forecasting and warning schemes, so that people can be aware and well-prepared for what is to come.

Anything cheaper? • More flood shelters so people can stay somewhere safe at the time of flood.

Anything cheaper? • Better prepared emergency services, so that more people in trouble can be saved.

Flood brings us sediments and water which are very important for agriculture. The sediments can act as fertiliser. Any good sides of flood?

What is a flash flood? • A flash flood is a rapid flooding of geomorphic low-lying areas – washes, rivers, dry lakes and basins. It may be caused by heavy rain associated with a storm, hurricane, or tropical storm or melted water from ice or snow flowing over ice sheets or snowfields.

Some more flood prevention • In many countries across the world, rivers prone to floods are often carefully managed. Defences such as levees, bunds, reservoirs, and weirs are used to prevent rivers from bursting their banks. When these defences fail, emergency measures such as sandbags or portable inflatable tubes are used. Coastal flooding has been addressed in Europe and the Americas with coastal defences, such as sea walls, beach nourishment, and barrier islands.

The 1998 Bangladesh flood • In September 1998, Bangladesh saw the most severe flooding in modern world history. As the Brahmaputra, the Ganges and Meghna spilt over and swallowed 300,000 houses, 9,700 kilometres of road and 2,700 kilometres of embankment 1,000 people were killed and 30 million more were made homeless with 135,000 cattle killed, 50 square kilometres of land destroyed and 11,000 kilometres of roads damaged or destroyed. Two-thirds of the country was underwater. There were several reasons for the severity of the flooding. Firstly, there were unusually high monsoon rains. Secondly, the Himalayas shed off an equally unusually high amount of melt water that year. Thirdly, trees that usually would have intercept rain water had been cut down for firewood or to make space for animals.

The 1998 Bangladesh flood • Bangladesh is now widely recognised to be one of the countries most vulnerable to climate change. Natural hazards that come from increased rainfall, rising sea levels, and tropical cyclones are expected to increase as climate change, each seriously affecting agriculture, water & food security, human health and shelter. It is believed that in the coming decades the rising sea level alone will create more than 20 million climate refugees. Bangladeshi water is contaminated with arsenic frequently because of the high arsenic contents in the soil. Up to 77 million people are exposed to toxic arsenic from drinking water. Bangladesh is among the countries most prone to natural floods, tornados and cyclones.

Are we increasing floods? • Human activity can increase the risk of flooding. For example, clearing forests and replacing them with urban areas is responsible for the increased flood risk in many towns and cities located in valleys. This can become is a major problem in Bangladesh. Global warming is helping to increase flood. It is also causing the sea-level to increase rapidly. If it continues, a lot of the country will become submerged under water. A flood at that time would be catastrophic. So, we should do anything necessary to stop global warming, as it will definitely destroy Bangladesh if we do not.

THE END Thank You For Watching

Prepared By: Abidur Rahim Roll: 207 Sec: I Class: 8 Teacher: Mohammad Yakub (MY) ‘O’ Level Course Coordinator of Environmental Management Credits

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Texas flooding

Major rainfall over the past few days has caused severe flooding and property damage in parts of Texas. Houston received more than 10 inches of rain overnight, which closed highways, shut schools, and suspended public transportation. Authorities have reported 11 people killed from the recent storms that hit both Texas and Oklahoma with others still missing.

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Monsoon Flooding

Monsoon rains have have hit India, Pakistan, and Myanmar hard this season. Two trains collided in central India yesterday due to problems with soil under the tracks, killing nearly 30 people. Myanmar officials reported that more than 250,000 people have been affected by the flooding, while in Pakistan, more than 100 lives have been lost

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Flooding. This is a short module outlining some flooding impacts. Flooding Damages to. Personal Property Damage to Highways Loss of Life. Flooding Isn’t a New Problem. 1920s Sacandaga River flooding in Albany. Floods Have Caused Significant Damage in New York State. Eroded road shoulder.

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Flooding. A Spring Green Community Forum. Flooding in Spring Green: A Community Forum. We have listened very closely to your concerns, questions and issues that you raised in the last forum, letters, e-mails, and personal conversations.

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flooding. The Vanport Flood By : Chloe Thornes And Leslie Melchor. What is a flood?. A flood is a natural disaster that happens when there is more water in lakes, river, oceans, or when the ground can hold. Vanport: before the flood.

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Flooding. John Backley,OCC and The Environment Agency. 2015 Floods Introduction:. The role of the Vale council and other agencies What parishes can do and how the Vale can help – community resilience Major schemes – S Hinksey and Oxford and Abingdon.

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Flooding. New Orleans, Aug. 2005. Flooding. Varies with intensity and amount of rainfall Perhaps the most universally experienced natural hazard Flood discharge- water overflows the channel Flood stage- stream elevation. Precipitation and Discharge. Types of Floods. Flood Types

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Claims Adjuster Presentations and Online Courses

Claims adjusters seeking registration with the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) can use the information below to register for upcoming presentations schedule and online courses. Sign up for NFIP Training Bulletins to be notified when new or updated flood insurance presentations are available.  

2024 Claims Adjuster Webinars

The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) offers educational courses for claims professionals. See below for the 2024 NFIP Claims Adjuster Presentation schedule:

NOTE: Each session will allow for a 30-minute lunch break.

• April 2, 2024            9 a.m. - 3:30 p.m. CT   REGISTER  
• April 4, 2024            9 a.m. - 3:30 p.m. CT   REGISTER  
• April 9, 2024            9 a.m. - 3:30 p.m. CT   REGISTER  
• April 11, 2024          9 a.m. - 3:30 p.m. CT   REGISTER  
• April 17, 2024          9 a.m. - 3:30 p.m. CT   REGISTER  
• April 23, 2024          9 a.m. - 3:30 p.m. CT   REGISTER  
• April 25, 2024          9 a.m. - 3:30 p.m. CT   REGISTER  
• April 30, 2024          9 a.m. - 3:30 p.m. CT   REGISTER  
• May 2, 2024             9 a.m. - 3:30 p.m. CT   REGISTER  
• May 7, 2024             9 a.m. - 3:30 p.m. CT   REGISTER  
• May 9, 2024             9 a.m. - 3:30 p.m. CT   REGISTER  
• May 14, 2024           9 a.m. - 3:30 p.m. CT   REGISTER  
• May 16, 2024           9 a.m. - 3:30 p.m. CT   REGISTER  
• May 22, 2024           9 a.m. - 3:30 p.m. CT   REGISTER

Renewing or Obtaining a Flood Control Number

In order to adjust flood losses for the NFIP, independent adjusters must 1) register with the NFIP and 2) possess an active Flood Control Number (FCN). The Adjuster Registration Application can be found here .

Click here for information about the adjuster FCN process or to contact the Bureau & Statistical Agent.

Continuing Education Credits:

This course is approved as 2024 NFIP Claims Adjuster Presentation for 6 hours of continuing education credit in the select states. Click here for states, provider and course information .

Online Courses from the Emergency Management Institute

NFIP offers free online courses through the FEMA Emergency Management Institute Independent Study Program covering basic and specialized claims topics, as well as courses in general flood insurance topics which may be of interest to claims adjusters.

Please note: Courses are NOT approved for continuing education (CE) credit by any State Department of Insurance.

EMI Independent Study course exams require a FEMA Student Identification (SID) Number. Register for an SID .

To receive insurance agent training alerts for future classroom training presentations and webinars, sign-up for NFIP Claims Education email updates .

Take the NFIP Claims Review for Adjusters training course now. New and experienced adjusters seeking the necessary knowledge and skill to adjust claims for the NFIP will find Claims Review for Adjusters, formerly a 7-hour classroom presentation, essential for adjusting NFIP claims. This course defines the role, standards and necessary requirements to adjust claims within the NFIP. In addition, it offers an overview of the Standard Flood Insurance Policy through a step-by-step outline of the similarities and contrasts found in the Dwelling Form, General Property Form, and the Residential Condominium Building Association Policy. With a focus on providing excellent customer service, this course also identifies common errors and adjustment issues where special attention is needed to ensure a high level of quality in the claims settlement process.

Prerequisites: Completion of Introduction to Flood Claims (IS-1112) and Adjuster Customer Service (IS-1107) is recommended.

Take the Adjuster Customer Service training course now. Adjusters are among the first responders to interact with policyholders after a flood and therefore play a critical role in representing the NFIP. Due to the traumatic nature of a flooding event, adjusters must create and maintain a customer-centric focus during each interaction with the policyholder. Adjuster Customer Service provides guidance on using empathy, sincerity, friendliness, and other skills to communicate effectively with policyholders. The course reviews the attributes of excellent customer service and aids the adjuster in building positive rapport with each policyholder.

Prerequisite: Completion of Introduction to Flood Claims (IS-1112) is recommended.

Take the Introduction to Flood Claims training course now. NFIP flood losses and loss settlements are particularly specialized. A flood adjuster must be qualified and must complete the process of becoming an NFIP certified adjuster to adjust NFIP claims. NFIP adjusters achieve levels of authority based on flood adjusting experience and knowledge of the Program. Introduction to Flood Claims provides an overview of adjusting NFIP claims and reviews the Program’s Standard Flood Insurance Policy.

Take the Understanding Basement Coverage training course now. Due to coverage limitations, adjusting claims in buildings with basements can be challenging. Understanding Basement Coverage reviews key characteristics of basement buildings and discusses covered and non-covered building and personal property items located in basement buildings. The course concludes with a review of special adjustment issues.

Take the Introduction to Commercial Claims training course now. Introduction to Commercial Claims reviews the General Property Form as it relates to both small and large commercial claims, and provides a review of certification requirements, adjuster authority, documentation requirements, and adjustment standards and requirements. Knowledge in each of these areas is fundamental to meeting Program requirements for flood adjusters. The course presents two case studies that reflect real world flood adjusting experiences, and challenge the learner to apply flood adjusting concepts involving policy limits, estimating the reserve, and coverage restrictions.

Prerequisites: This course covers a specialized claims topic. Completing the following basic NFIP courses Introduction to Flood Claims (IS-1112) , Adjuster Customer Service (IS-1107) , and NFIP Claims Review for Adjusters (IS-1104) are recommended.

Take the Insuring Condominiums training course now. With a growing number of condominium developments throughout the US, particularly in the most flood-prone states, insurance agents can expand their book of condominium business by writing coverage through the NFIP. Insuring Condominiums provides a broad overview of the different ways that condominiums can be insured through the Program. Short video segments guide insurance agents through the key elements they need to know to effectively write condominium exposures.

Quad Cities Flood Resiliency Alliance holds meeting on Quad Cities Climate Assessment

R IVERDALE, Iowa (KWQC) - A Quad Cities Flood Resiliency Alliance meeting was held Thursday where a presentation of QC Climate Assessment was given.

The meeting was open to the public and was a forum for timely and educational information on flood prevention, mitigation, flood insurance, and floodplain management, officials said.

The Quad Cities Flood Resiliency Alliance includes parts of Scott, Clinton, Muscatine and Louisa counties in Iowa, and Rock Island, Whiteside, Mercer, and Henry Counties in Illinois. It provides a forum for river stakeholders to share information. resources, flood prevention or mitigation policies and to get to know river neighbors for assistance before during or after flood events.

The meetings are held quarterly, officials said. Admission is free and open to the public.

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Sen. bob menendez reveals his wife has breast cancer as his trial focuses on fbi raid of his home.

Mike Catalini And Larry Neumeister

Associated Press

The Associated Press. All rights reserved

FILE - Democratic U.S. Sen. Bob Menendez of New Jersey and his wife Nadine Menendez arrive at the federal courthouse in New York, Sept. 27, 2023. Menendez said Thursday, May 16, 2024, that his wife has breast cancer and will require a mastectomy, a revelation made just as the presentation of evidence began at his New York bribery trial. (AP Photo/Jeenah Moon, File)

NEW YORK – Sen. Bob Menendez said Thursday that his wife will undergo a mastectomy after she was diagnosed with breast cancer, a revelation made just as the first evidence — pictures of 13 gold bars and over $480,000 in cash seized from the couple's home — was shown to jurors at his New York bribery trial.

The New Jersey Democrat said he was revealing his wife's health crisis at her request after repeated inquiries from the media.

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“We are, of course, concerned about the seriousness and advanced stage of the disease,” the senator said in a statement.

He added: “She will require follow up surgery and possibly radiation treatment. We hope and pray for the best results.”

Previously, lawyers for Nadine Menendez had requested her trial on charges in the case be delayed after she was diagnosed with what was only previously described publicly as a serious health issue.

Judge Sidney H. Stein had postponed her trial until at least July. Nadine Menendez, who married the senator two years after she began dating him in 2018, has pleaded not guilty.

One of her lawyers declined comment in response to Bob Menendez's disclosure Thursday.

The senator, on trial with two of three businessmen who allegedly paid him bribes, has pleaded not guilty to charges of bribery, fraud, extortion, obstruction of justice and acting as a foreign agent of Egypt. A third businessman has pleaded guilty in the case and will testify against the others.

Menendez's statement about his wife was released just after opening statements were completed and the presentation of evidence began at his trial in Manhattan federal court.

The trial's first witness was an FBI agent, Aristotelis Kougemitros, who described leading a June 2022 raid on the couple's Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, home.

He testified that two 1-kilogram (2.2-pound) gold bars, 11 1-ounce gold bars and $486,461 in cash were among valuables found in the home, along with cellphones and jewelry. In all, 52 items were seized.

At first, Kougemitros said, the FBI had directed agents to photograph any cash that was found, but not necessarily to seize it.

But he said that based on his experience and training, along with the “totality of the circumstances,” that he decided the amount of cash was so voluminous that it would be seized.

“I believed there was evidence potentially of a crime,” he said, drawing an objection from Menendez's lawyer that was sustained by the judge.

Through dozens of photographs and the agent's testimony, jurors were taken on a tour of the home as Kougemitros described where cash and the gold bars were discovered by a team of eight agents that was later supplemented by two Manhattan agents who brought cash-counting machines.

The gold bars were found in a safe and on the floor nearby inside locked closets in a bedroom, he said. Much of the cash was found stuffed in jacket pockets, in two pairs of boots and on a shelf in the home's basement, he said.

One pair of Timberland boots contained $14,500 in cash nearly evenly divided while another set of boots also had cash stuffed in each boot, he said.

A black jacket, which was among four jackets found to contain cash, had $21,000 in envelopes in its pockets, Kougemitros said. The other jackets, he added, had $4,300, $6,000 and $8,000.

On a shelf nearby, he said, a plastic bag contained $100,000, while another bag held $95,000.

Earlier in the day, lawyers for New Jersey real estate developer Fred Daibes and businessman Wael Hana delivered their opening remarks to jurors a day after a prosecutor and Menendez’s lawyer gave opening statements .

Attorney Lawrence Lustberg, representing Hana, said prosecutors had built their case against his client on “innocent acts.”

He said Hana was longtime friends since 2009 with Nadine Menendez and that Hana and Nadine Menendez had exchanged expensive gifts over the years. He said there was never a time when Hana either directly to Bob Menendez or indirectly through Nadine Menendez gave a bribe in exchange for official acts by the senator.

Attorney Cesar De Castro, representing Daibes, told jurors the case was about relationships and prosecutors were trying to exploit facts about a three-decade friendship between the senator and Daibes to claim crimes occurred. He said they will conclude his client was not guilty.

On Wednesday, attorney Avi Weitzman, representing Bob Menendez, told jurors his client was unaware that his spouse had accepted gifts from the three businessmen and did not know about cash and gold bars hidden in a closet at their home.

The statement came after an opening statement by Assistant U.S. Attorney Lara Pomerantz in which the prosecutor repeatedly highlighted the gold bars and cash found in the home.

Menendez has held public office continuously since 1986, serving as a state legislator before 14 years as a U.S. congressman. In 2006, then-Gov. Jon Corzine appointed Menendez to the Senate seat he vacated when he became governor.

The trial, which began Monday, is projected to last up to two months.

Catalini reported from Trenton, New Jersey.

Copyright 2024 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed without permission.