exploring writing paragraphs and essays answer key

Exploring Writing: Paragraphs and Essays 4th Edition

• Author(s) John Langan; Zoe Albright
• Publisher McGraw-Hill Higher Education (International)

Print ISBN 9781260547740, 1260547744

Etext isbn 9781260569780, 1260569780.

• Edition 4th
• Copyright 2020
• Available from $ 59.00 CAD SKU: 9781260569780R180

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Exploring Writing: Paragraphs and Essays 4th Edition is written by John Langan; Zoe Albright and published by McGraw-Hill Higher Education (International). The Digital and eTextbook ISBNs for Exploring Writing: Paragraphs and Essays are 9781260569780, 1260569780 and the print ISBNs are 9781260547740, 1260547744. Save up to 80% versus print by going digital with VitalSource.

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Exploring Writing: Paragraphs and Essays 4th edition

Paragraphs and essays.

John Langan , Zoe Albright , Zoe L Albright

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Publisher Description

Now in it's 4th edition, Exploring Writing emphasizes writing skills and process. By referring to a set of four skills for effective writing, Exploring Writing encourages new writers to see writing as a skill that can be learned and a process that must e explored. The four skills, or bases, for effective writing are as follows: Unity: Discover a clearly stated point or topic sentence, and make sure that all other information in the paragraph or essay supports that point. Support: Support the points with specific evidence, and plenty of it. Coherence: Organize and connect supporting evidence so that paragraphs and essays transition smoothly from one bit of supporting information to the next. Sentence skills: Revise and edit so that sentences are error-free for clearer and more effective communication. The four bases are essential to effective writing, whether it be a narrative paragraph, a cover letter for a job application, or an essay assignment. Updated with 11 new readings (including works by Carol Dweck and Ta-Nehisi Coates), new content on literary analysis and updated student examples, Exploring Writing engages students in the writing process and facilitates their development as academic and professional writers. This new title is also available in a low cost rental option.

Table of Contents

EXPLORING WRITING: PARAGRAPHS AND ESSAYS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART 1 Writing: Skills and Process 2

1. An Introduction to Writing 4

2. The Writing Process 25

PART 2 Basic Principles of Effective Writing 58

3. The First and Second Steps in Writing 60

4. The Third and Fourth Steps in Writing 90

5. Four Bases for Revising Writing 126

PART 3 Paragraph Development 162

6. Exemplification 164

7. Narration 175

8. Description 184

9. Process 195

10. Cause and/or Effect 206

11. Comparison and/or Contrast 216

12. Definition 230

13. Division-Classification 240

14. Argument 251

PART 4 Essay Development 270

15. Introduction to Essay Development 272

16. Writing the Essay 285

17. Introductions, Conclusions, and Titles 315

18. Patterns of Essay Development 329

PART 5 Research-Based Writing 368

19. Information Literacy 370

20. Working with Sources 385

21. Writing a Research Paper 417

PART 6 Handbook of Sentence Skills 434

SECTION I Grammar 436

22. Subjects and Verbs 437

23. Sentence Sense 442

24. Fragments 445

25. Run-Ons 457

26. Regular and Irregular Verbs 468

27. Subject–Verb Agreement 476

28. More about Verbs 481

29. Pronoun Agreement and Reference 485

30. Pronoun Types 490

31. Adjectives and Adverbs 496

32. Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers 501

SECTION II Mechanics 511

33. Capital Letters 512

34. Numbers and Abbreviations 519

SECTION III Punctuation 524

35. Apostrophe 525

36. Quotation Marks 531

37. Comma 538

38. Other Punctuation Marks 546

SECTION IV Word Use 552

39. Commonly Confused Words 553

40. Effective Word Choice 563

SECTION V Tests 570

41. Editing Tests 571

PART 7 Readings for Writers 588

INTRODUCTION TO THE

READINGS 590

GOALS AND VALUES 594

EDUCATION AND LEARNING 646

CHALLENGING SOCIETY 679

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Writing based on Texts

Introduction: writing based on reading.

There are many possible ways to write based on a text, ranging from more personal to more analytical:

Writing for College: Essays

Much of the writing you do for college will be in the form of essays. An essay is a piece of writing that attempts to explain something, or analyze something, or present an author’s insight. These words—“attempt,” “explain,” “analyze,” “author’s insight”—should already give you the idea that an essay’s purpose is not simply to inform (e.g., describe the events of the first moon landing for the U.S.). Rather, an essay’s purpose, especially in an academic setting, is to provide a written explanation of your own ideas, interpretations, insights, and evaluations (e.g., why the first moon landing by the U.S. was important to our economy, or how the first moon landing influenced architectural design in the 1960s, or what the effects of the first moon landing were on foreign relations). It’s your thinking and viewpoint that are important in essay writing; an essay offers your direct reflection on, or analysis of, a focused topic.

College writing often involves essay writing because the very purpose of a college education is to further develop your thinking skills, foster new insights and interpretations, create and analyze an argument in terms of appropriate evidence, question concepts, and provide your own interpretation of ideas. Essays help you do that—writing an essay, based on your ideas, often helps you formulate those ideas as well.

And That’s Where Reading Skills Come In…

When you write essays based on reading, this is where the skills and strategies for understanding a text come into play. For example, considering your own background and relationship to the topic of a text will help you activate your own thoughts and experiences about that topic. Summarizing either sections of a text or a whole text will help you crystallize and articulate the text’s ideas so that you can explore them further. Annotating a text as you read helps you record your own thoughts. Looking at any questions you noted will help you consider if they were answered by your reading of the text, or if the text itself generated new questions that you want to explore. Noticing the logic of a text’s argument will help you decide what you think about that argument. Reading and writing support one another, as they both have the end goal of activating and articulating your own thoughts.

Go back to the concept of reading as joining a conversation. When you write, you also join a conversation with the text that you’ve read and with others who have written about the same ideas. As a writer, you don’t offer your ideas in an enormous blank room where no one else exists and nothing else has ever happened. Instead, you offer your ideas in the real world where people with other opinions, values, beliefs, and experiences live. Those are the larger conversations you’ll participate in as you write based on texts in psychology, business management, literature, history…whatever your specific academic focus is in, and whatever text you’re reading at the moment. Essay writing is one way of participating in that conversation.

The video below offers some thoughts on the relationship between reading and writing.

Read the article “ How Crisco Toppled Lard – and Made Americans Believers in Industrial Food ” by Helen Zoe Veit. (Note that this article is the basis for other Try It exercises in this section of the text.)

Then answer this question: Identify as many possible perspectives that you can think of to write based on this text, from personal to analytical.  (answers will vary)

• A professional baker might link the text to his own background and react to the concept of using Crisco as a baking product.
• A reader might think back to her grandmother’s comments about using prepared foods vs. growing and preserving their own natural foods, and write a reasoned argument about one or the other.
• A business student with an interest in history might compare Crisco’s early brand marketing with brand marketing for another contemporary product.
• A business person might apply the concept of brand marketing to analyze how it’s done in a digital marketing environment.
• A person interested in nutrition and history might do some additional reading and research and synthesize insights about how certain prepared food ingredients came to be staples in processed foods.
• A nurse who does community education in nutrition and healthy cooking might react to the concept of not knowing what’s in a food product and offer an argument for making nutritional labels clearer to the average consumer.
• A student of psychology might apply insights about crowd mentality to advertising.
• A graphic artist might analyze the texts of the two advertising images in the article.
• A person with an interest in writing might analyze the written text for its logic, and for the way in which the author presents information.
• There are many other ways – you should get the idea from reading these!
• Introduction: Writing based on Reading, includes material adapted from College Writing; attributin below. Authored by : Susan Oaks. Project : Introduction to College Reading & Writing. License : CC BY-NC: Attribution-NonCommercial
• pages on Essay Definition and Essays as Conversation. Authored by : Susan Oaks. Located at : https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-esc-wm-englishcomposition1/ . Project : College Writing. License : CC BY-NC: Attribution-NonCommercial
• image of woman sitting with open laptop, beside a stack of books. Authored by : expresswriters. Provided by : Pixabay. Located at : https://pixabay.com/photos/influencer-writing-girl-woman-4081842/ . License : CC0: No Rights Reserved
• video The Reading-Writing Connection. Authored by : Kim Flachmann. Provided by : Pearson English. Located at : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iYriG4MmKFQ . License : Other . License Terms : YouTube video
• image of group of people having a discussion. Authored by : Free-Photos . Provided by : Pixabay. Located at : https://pixabay.com/photos/workplace-team-business-meeting-1245776/ . License : CC0: No Rights Reserved

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