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Essay on Nature

Here we have shared the Essay on Nature in detail so you can use it in your exam or assignment of 150, 250, 400, 500, or 1000 words.

You can use this Essay on Nature in any assignment or project whether you are in school (class 10th or 12th), college, or preparing for answer writing in competitive exams.

Topics covered in this article.

Essay on Nature in 150-250 words

Essay on nature in 300-450 words, essay on nature in 500-1000 words.

Nature is a precious gift that surrounds us, encompassing the world’s landscapes, ecosystems, and living beings. It is a source of immense beauty, inspiration, and solace. From towering mountains to vast oceans, lush forests to serene meadows, nature provides us with breathtaking sights and a sense of awe.

Nature is not only visually captivating but also essential for our survival and well-being. It sustains life by providing clean air, fresh water, and fertile soil. It is home to a diverse array of plants and animals, each playing a vital role in maintaining ecological balance.

Furthermore, spending time in nature has numerous benefits for our physical and mental health. It rejuvenates our spirits, reduces stress, and enhances our overall well-being. Immersing ourselves in nature’s tranquility allows us to disconnect from the fast-paced world and reconnect with our inner selves.

However, human activities have taken a toll on nature. Deforestation, pollution, and climate change threaten the delicate balance of ecosystems and the survival of countless species. It is our responsibility to protect and conserve nature for future generations.

Appreciating nature’s beauty and recognizing its significance is crucial. We must strive to live in harmony with nature, practicing sustainable lifestyles and preserving natural resources. By valuing and respecting nature, we can ensure its preservation and continue to enjoy its countless gifts.

In conclusion, nature is a precious and awe-inspiring entity that sustains life and provides solace and inspiration. It is essential for our physical and mental well-being. As stewards of the Earth, it is our responsibility to protect and conserve nature, ensuring its preservation for future generations to cherish and enjoy.

Nature is a magnificent and awe-inspiring gift that surrounds us, encompassing the diverse landscapes, ecosystems, and living beings that make up our planet. From the majestic mountains to the serene lakes, from the vibrant forests to the vast oceans, nature captivates us with its beauty, power, and serenity.

Nature provides us with numerous benefits and is essential for our survival and well-being. It is the source of clean air, freshwater, and fertile soil that sustains life on Earth. The intricate web of ecosystems, comprising plants, animals, and microorganisms, works together to maintain the delicate balance of nature.

Beyond its practical importance, nature has a profound impact on our physical and mental health. Spending time in nature has been shown to reduce stress, improve mood, and enhance overall well-being. The sight of a breathtaking sunset, the sound of waves crashing on the shore, or the touch of grass beneath our feet can have a soothing and therapeutic effect, allowing us to reconnect with ourselves and find solace in the beauty of the natural world.

Unfortunately, human activities have had a detrimental impact on nature. Deforestation, pollution, climate change, and habitat destruction threaten the delicate balance of ecosystems and the survival of countless species. It is imperative that we recognize the urgency of preserving and protecting nature for future generations.

Conservation and sustainable practices are vital for ensuring the continued well-being of our planet. We must strive to live in harmony with nature, embracing sustainable lifestyles and adopting practices that minimize our ecological footprint. This includes reducing waste, conserving energy and water, practicing responsible consumption, and supporting conservation efforts.

Furthermore, education and awareness play a crucial role in fostering a deeper appreciation and understanding of nature. By learning about the intricate interconnectedness of ecosystems and the importance of biodiversity, we can develop a sense of responsibility and take action to protect and conserve the natural world.

Preserving nature is not just about ensuring our own well-being; it is a moral obligation to future generations and a commitment to the intrinsic value of all living beings and ecosystems. By valuing and respecting nature, we can create a more sustainable and harmonious future, where humans coexist with the natural world in a mutually beneficial relationship.

In conclusion, nature is a source of wonder, beauty, and vital resources. It sustains life, nourishes our souls, and provides us with a profound sense of connection. As custodians of the Earth, it is our responsibility to protect and preserve nature, adopting sustainable practices and fostering a deep appreciation for the natural world. By doing so, we can ensure a vibrant and thriving planet for ourselves and future generations to enjoy and cherish.

Title: Nature – A Pristine Gift Nurturing Life and Inspiring the Human Spirit

Introduction :

Nature, with its awe-inspiring landscapes, diverse ecosystems, and intricate web of life, is a pristine gift that surrounds us. It captivates us with its beauty, serenity, and transformative power. This essay explores the profound relationship between humans and nature, highlighting its importance for our physical, mental, and spiritual well-being. It also emphasizes the urgent need to protect and preserve nature in the face of environmental challenges.

The Beauty and Diversity of Nature

Nature encompasses a vast array of breathtaking landscapes, from snow-capped mountains to lush forests, from vast oceans to tranquil meadows. Each holds its unique charm, captivating us with its grandeur, tranquility, and raw beauty. From the vibrant colors of blooming flowers to the graceful flight of birds, nature’s diversity evokes wonder and ignites our imagination.

Nurturing Life and Ecosystems

Nature sustains life on Earth, providing vital resources and supporting intricate ecosystems. It supplies us with clean air, freshwater, and fertile soil, enabling the growth of crops and the survival of diverse species. The delicate balance of ecosystems ensures the survival of plants, animals, and microorganisms, each playing a crucial role in maintaining biodiversity and ecological harmony.

Physical and Mental Well-being

Spending time in nature has numerous physical and mental health benefits. It reduces stress, anxiety, and depression, promoting a sense of calm and well-being. The healing power of nature can be seen in activities such as forest bathing, where individuals immerse themselves in natural environments to enhance their overall health. Nature provides a respite from the fast-paced urban life, allowing us to disconnect, recharge, and rejuvenate our spirits.

Inspiration and Spiritual Connection

Nature inspires us and stirs our innermost emotions. The grandeur of a mountain range, the rhythmic crashing of waves, or the delicate beauty of a flower can evoke a profound sense of awe and wonder. Nature’s beauty stimulates our creativity, kindles our imagination, and nurtures our spirit. It serves as a reminder of our place in the larger tapestry of life, connecting us to something greater than ourselves.

Environmental Challenges and the Need for Conservation

Nature is facing unprecedented challenges due to human activities. Deforestation, pollution, climate change, and habitat destruction pose significant threats to the delicate balance of ecosystems and the survival of countless species. The urgency to protect and preserve nature has never been greater. Conservation efforts, sustainable practices, and environmental awareness are crucial in mitigating these challenges and ensuring a sustainable future.

Cultivating a Connection with Nature

To protect and preserve nature, it is essential to cultivate a deep connection and appreciation for the natural world. Education plays a vital role in fostering environmental awareness and instilling a sense of responsibility. Encouraging outdoor experiences, nature-based activities, and environmental stewardship programs can nurture a love for nature and promote a sense of guardianship of the planet.

Conclusion :

Nature is a remarkable and invaluable gift, nurturing life, inspiring the human spirit, and offering solace and serenity. It is essential for our physical, mental, and spiritual well-being. However, it faces significant challenges that threaten its delicate balance and the well-being of future generations. By protecting and preserving nature, adopting sustainable practices, and fostering a deep connection with the natural world, we can ensure a vibrant and thriving planet for ourselves and future generations to enjoy and cherish. Let us embrace our role as stewards of the Earth and work collectively to safeguard nature’s invaluable gifts.

Essay on Nature in English (150, 200, 250, 500 Words)

Here, we’ve presented essays on “Nature” in 150, 200, 250 & 500 word samples. All the essays will be helpful for students of all classes i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 & class 12.

Table of Contents

Essay on Nature in 150 Words

Introduction.

Nature is the essence of life, surrounding us in its intricate beauty. It encompasses everything from the towering mountains to the tiniest of insects. Its influence on our existence is profound, shaping our physical environment and nurturing our souls. Exploring the depths of nature unveils a world of wonder and awe.

Exploring the Beauty

Nature’s beauty lies in its diversity. From the lush green forests to the vast oceans teeming with life, each element holds its own charm. The symphony of colors in a sunrise or the gentle rustle of leaves in the wind captivates our senses, reminding us of the miracles of existence. Nature invites us to pause, reflect, and appreciate the marvels that surround us.

In conclusion, nature is not merely a backdrop to our lives but an integral part of our being. Its preservation is paramount for the well-being of future generations. As stewards of this planet, it is our responsibility to cherish and protect the natural world, ensuring its splendor endures for generations to come.

Nature Essay in 200 Words

Nature, the tapestry of life, holds within its folds the essence of our existence. Its boundless beauty and unfathomable complexity inspire awe and reverence. From the grandeur of mountains to the delicate petals of a flower, nature’s creations are a testament to the wonders of the universe.

The Majesty of Landscapes

The landscapes shaped by nature are a sight to behold. Rolling hills, cascading waterfalls, and vast deserts each tell a story of time and transformation. They remind us of the Earth’s enduring power and the resilience of life that flourishes within its embrace.

The Symphony of Life

In nature’s symphony, every creature plays a vital role. From the graceful flight of birds to the silent slither of snakes, each organism contributes to the intricate web of life. The diversity of species is a testament to nature’s creativity and adaptability, ensuring the balance and harmony of ecosystems.

The Healing Power

Nature’s therapeutic embrace has long been recognized by humanity. The tranquility of a forest, the soothing rhythm of waves, or the crisp mountain air has a profound effect on our well-being. In nature, we find solace, rejuvenation, and a connection to something greater than ourselves.

In conclusion, nature is not merely a resource to be exploited but a source of inspiration, wonder, and sustenance. It is our collective responsibility to preserve and protect the natural world for future generations, ensuring that its beauty and abundance endure for centuries to come.

Essay Writing on Nature in 250 Words

Nature, the cradle of life, has nurtured and sustained civilizations for millennia. From ancient forests to pristine rivers, its bounty knows no bounds. As of 2020, approximately 8.7 million species of plants and animals have been identified, each contributing to the intricate tapestry of biodiversity on our planet.

The Importance of Biodiversity

Biodiversity is the lifeblood of our ecosystems, providing vital services such as pollination, water purification, and climate regulation. According to the World Wildlife Fund, forests alone are home to 80% of the world’s terrestrial biodiversity. Protecting these ecosystems is crucial for maintaining the delicate balance of life on Earth.

Ecosystem Services

Nature provides a myriad of services essential for human survival. Wetlands, for example, act as natural water filters, purifying drinking water and mitigating the impact of floods. Coral reefs not only support a quarter of all marine species but also protect coastlines from erosion and storms.

Threats to Nature

Despite its importance, nature faces unprecedented threats from human activities. Deforestation, pollution, and climate change are driving species extinction rates at an alarming pace. The International Union for Conservation of Nature reports that approximately 27% of assessed species are threatened with extinction.

Conservation Efforts

Efforts to conserve nature are underway globally. Protected areas, such as national parks and marine reserves, play a crucial role in safeguarding biodiversity. Conservation organizations and governments are working together to implement sustainable practices and restore degraded habitats.

The Healing Power of Nature

Beyond its ecological significance, nature has profound benefits for human health and well-being. Research shows that spending time in nature reduces stress, anxiety, and depression. As urbanization continues to rise, preserving green spaces becomes increasingly vital for public health.

In conclusion, nature is not only a source of wonder and inspiration but also a fundamental pillar of our survival. Protecting and preserving its richness is not just a moral imperative but a necessity for the prosperity of future generations. As stewards of this planet, it is our responsibility to cherish, conserve, and sustainably manage the natural world.

Writing an Essay on Nature in 500 Words

Nature, encompassing the vast array of ecosystems, species, and landscapes on Earth, is the cornerstone of our existence. Its significance transcends mere aesthetics, playing a crucial role in sustaining life and providing invaluable services to humanity. As of 2022, scientists estimate that over 80% of the Earth’s biodiversity is still undiscovered, highlighting the vastness and complexity of nature’s diversity.

The Diversity of Life

Biodiversity, the variety of life forms on Earth, is a testament to nature’s resilience and creativity. From the microscopic bacteria to the majestic whales, each organism plays a unique role in maintaining the balance of ecosystems. According to the United Nations’ Convention on Biological Diversity, forests alone are home to 80% of terrestrial biodiversity, harboring millions of species essential for the functioning of ecosystems.

Ecosystem Services and Benefits

Nature provides a multitude of services essential for human well-being, known as ecosystem services. These include provisioning services such as food, water, and timber, regulating services such as climate regulation and flood control, and cultural services like recreation and spiritual enrichment. The economic value of these services is immense, with estimates ranging from $125 trillion to $145 trillion per year, surpassing the global GDP.

Threats to Biodiversity

Despite its critical importance, biodiversity is under unprecedented threat from human activities. Habitat destruction, driven primarily by deforestation and land conversion, is the leading cause of species extinction. Pollution, overexploitation of resources, and climate change further exacerbate the loss of biodiversity. The World Wildlife Fund reports that wildlife populations have declined by an average of 68% since 1970.

Conservation Strategies

Efforts to conserve biodiversity are multifaceted and require collaborative action on local, national, and global scales. Protected areas, such as national parks and marine reserves, play a crucial role in safeguarding biodiversity. Conservation initiatives aimed at sustainable land management, habitat restoration, and species recovery are also essential for mitigating the impacts of human activities.

Indigenous Knowledge and Practices

Indigenous peoples and local communities have long been stewards of biodiversity, possessing valuable knowledge and practices for sustainable resource management. Their traditional ecological knowledge offers insights into the intricate relationships between humans and nature, providing innovative solutions for conservation and resilience.

The Role of Technology

Advancements in technology, such as remote sensing and DNA sequencing, are revolutionizing our understanding of biodiversity and its conservation. These tools enable scientists to monitor ecosystems, identify species, and assess the effectiveness of conservation efforts with unprecedented accuracy and efficiency.

Nature-Based Solutions

Nature-based solutions, which harness the power of ecosystems to address societal challenges, are gaining traction as effective strategies for biodiversity conservation and sustainable development. Restoring degraded habitats, implementing green infrastructure, and integrating nature into urban planning are examples of nature-based solutions that provide multiple benefits for both people and the planet.

In conclusion, nature’s richness and diversity are invaluable assets that sustain life on Earth. Preserving biodiversity is not only a moral imperative but also essential for securing our future. By valuing, protecting, and restoring nature, we can ensure a harmonious coexistence with the natural world and secure a sustainable future for generations to come.

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Essay on Nature Conservation

Students are often asked to write an essay on Nature Conservation in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Nature Conservation

Understanding nature conservation.

Nature Conservation is the wise management and utilization of natural resources. It is a global concern, focusing on preserving biodiversity and ensuring sustainable development.

Why is it Important?

Nature Conservation is crucial for maintaining an ecological balance. It safeguards the survival of various species and habitats, ensuring our ecosystem’s health and well-being.

Our Role in Conservation

Each one of us can contribute to nature conservation. Simple actions like recycling, reducing waste, planting trees, and using renewable energy can make a significant difference.

Nature Conservation is vital for our survival and the planet’s health. Let’s pledge to make a difference by adopting eco-friendly habits.

250 Words Essay on Nature Conservation

The imperative of nature conservation.

Nature Conservation is a vital concern in today’s era of rapid industrialization and urbanization. The rampant exploitation of natural resources and the relentless pursuit of economic growth have led to an alarming degradation of our environment.

The Role of Biodiversity

Biodiversity plays a pivotal role in maintaining the balance of the earth’s ecosystems. Every species, no matter how insignificant it may seem, has a unique role in the ecological web. The extinction of one species can have a domino effect on the survival of others, leading to a potential collapse of ecosystems.

Human Impact and Responsibility

Humans, with their advanced technologies and insatiable consumption, have become the primary agents of environmental change. Deforestation, pollution, climate change, and habitat destruction are all human-induced phenomena that are driving species to extinction at an unprecedented rate. We bear the responsibility for this ecological crisis and are obligated to rectify it.

Conservation Strategies

Conservation strategies can be broadly divided into in-situ and ex-situ conservation. In-situ conservation involves protecting species in their natural habitats, while ex-situ conservation involves preserving species outside their natural habitats, such as in zoos or botanical gardens. Both strategies are crucial for preserving biodiversity.

The Way Forward

The way forward lies in sustainable development, that is, development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. This involves adopting eco-friendly practices, promoting renewable energy sources, implementing strict wildlife protection laws, and raising public awareness about the importance of nature conservation. Only then can we hope to safeguard our planet for future generations.

500 Words Essay on Nature Conservation

Introduction.

Nature conservation is a critical topic in the contemporary world, with the growing concern about environmental degradation and climate change. The term refers to the protection and preservation of natural resources, including plants, animals, and their habitats. This essay delves into the importance of nature conservation, the challenges faced, and potential solutions.

The Importance of Nature Conservation

Nature conservation is a pressing issue, primarily due to its direct impact on human survival. Nature provides essential resources such as water, food, and medicine. It also plays a crucial role in climate regulation, carbon sequestration, and the provision of habitats for wildlife. Furthermore, nature contributes to our psychological well-being, offering aesthetic beauty and opportunities for recreation.

Challenges in Nature Conservation

Despite its importance, nature conservation faces numerous challenges. The primary obstacle is human activity, particularly deforestation, pollution, and overexploitation of resources. These activities not only deplete resources but also lead to habitat loss and biodiversity decline. Climate change exacerbates these issues, causing shifts in ecosystems and threatening species survival.

Another challenge is the conflict between economic development and conservation. Many developing nations prioritize industrial growth and infrastructure development over environmental protection, leading to further degradation.

Strategies for Nature Conservation

Secondly, education and awareness are vital. By understanding the importance of nature and the consequences of its destruction, individuals and communities can make more informed decisions and adopt sustainable practices.

Thirdly, economic incentives can promote conservation. This includes schemes such as payments for ecosystem services, where individuals or communities are compensated for protecting natural resources. Additionally, promoting green technologies and renewable energy can reduce environmental impact while driving economic growth.

Role of Technology in Nature Conservation

In conclusion, nature conservation is a complex yet vital task. It requires a combination of legal measures, education, economic incentives, and technology. Despite the challenges, the potential benefits for humanity and the planet are immense. Therefore, it is a responsibility that we all share, and one that requires urgent action.

That’s it! I hope the essay helped you.

Happy studying!

Essay on Conservation of Nature

Conservation of Nature is one of the most important essays writing topics for students of all classes. The need for conservation of nature and various measures for conservation of natural resources are included in the academic syllabus for almost all classes. Our subject matter experts at Vedantu have prepared an informative essay on the topic of Conservation of Nature, which will act as a guideline for the practice purpose of kids and students. The essay is written in an easy-to-understand manner, so as to help the kids to learn and remember the important points for writing this essay.

Essay 1: Nature is a blessing

Nature is the source of energy, source of light, source of oxygen, and in turn, source of life. We are nothing without nature and its components. With an increase in human growth and science, we tend to focus on everything but nature. Building bridges, cities, buildings are not only development but also a setback for nature because all we end up doing is cutting off trees, erasing the environment, and creating a ruckus for nature.

Nature has been providing us with everything, be it water, rain, sunlight, oxygen, shelter, or whatnot. In short, nature is the solution to almost all problems. All we need to do is prevent the human race from obliterating to further obliterate nature. The process of doing this is generally known as conservation. We need to conserve nature, we need to conserve life.

Conserving nature is one way of storing something fruitful for our future self, or the future generation. It is like investing money in a bank, which in turn lets you have more than what you invested eventually.

To conserve nature would be equal to conversing with the human race. We need to start thinking about it. It might seem like a small or negligent topic to talk about but honestly, nature is getting worse with every passing day and we have to start preserving it today.

There is not much needed to conserve nature. We don't have to give in our everything or leave other things to achieve this one goal, no. All we have to do is take small steps, every day. Small steps like trying to save even one ounce of water each day, or trying to plant at least one plant from your side, or trying to lessen air pollution from your side. Nature doesn't ask much from us.

To achieve this goal, we also need to know to have knowledge about a few other things such as our natural resources. Natural resources are classified into two groups, named, Renewable and Non-RenewableNon Renewable resources.

Renewable resources are those resources that can be recharged, such as solar panels, geothermal, and so on. On the other hand, Non-renewable petrol renewable resources are the ones that cannot be recharged such as fuels, patrol, and so on. We need to let renewable resources overpower non-renewable resources.

The other thing is being aware of the 3Rs technique, i.e., Reduce, Recycle, Reuse. If we pledge to follow these small rules and live by them, we can achieve a lot more than just nature's conservation.

With an increase in human growth and science, we tend to focus on everything but not nature. Nature is the source of energy, source of light, source of oxygen, and in turn, source of life. We are nothing without nature and its components. Humans are constantly Building bridges, cities, buildings are not only development but also a setback for nature because all we end up doing is cutting off trees, erasing the environment, and creating a ruckus for nature. When we do something to conserve and protect nature, nature will give tremendous benefits for the survival of human beings on Earth.

Essay 2: Conservation of Nature

‘In every walk in nature, one receives far more than he seeks.’ Nature is the best surprise gift received from God. Nature has blessed us with a variety of things like water, food, shelter, rain, sunlight, oxygen, and countless other things. These things assist humans in the betterment of their lives. Life is unpredictable and it's very difficult to tackle adverse situations, in such times nature is the solution to all the problems. Conservation is having a straightforward meaning of preservation and protection.

Conserving nature is just similar to adding or keeping cash in the pocket. Nature is the best friend of a human. Have you ever heard of naturotherapy techniques to cure the patient? Patients are advised to take or spend some time in the native place of animals. There they can keep themselves calm and comfortable so that they feel relaxed at the time of surgeries. Many of the medicines have their ingredients collected directly from the forest.

Have you ever thought about the amount of water we waste in a day? A great amount of water is wasted in our daily chores which could be helpful at the time of droughts. Also, keeping the water clean by not throwing any garbage in it, is the best way to conserve nature. Things made up of plastic should not be thrown off into water bodies as it never decomposes.

Natural resources can be classified into two categories which are renewable and nonrenewable. Renewable natural resources are those which can be replenished, like solar, wind, geothermal while on the other hand non-renewable are those which cannot be replenished easily over a short span of time. Non-renewable resources like fuels, petrol, and carbon are available in significant quantities. Renewable natural resources are available in good and significant quantities but their proper and effective use can vanish the utilization of non-renewable natural resources. Such as, electricity can be generated with the help of wind or water. Solar cars can reduce the use of petrol cars. This helps in keeping our earth an evergreen place to live. The conversion of one energy form into another is the best possible way to stop the consumption of non-renewable resources and to start making the best use of renewable energy.

Urbanization increases the rate of the population on concrete homes and decreases the reserves of natural utilities.

Nature has a lot to give, but there must be a proper way to store and reuse it. the 3R technique (Reduce, Recycle, and Reuse) proves the best method for conservation purposes. It states first try to reduce the use, or recycle the material or reuse it for other purposes. Many NGOs are spreading awareness among the people regarding this, but in the end, it's up to the self to take an initiative to make a change. As far as possible avoiding the use of non-renewable resources is the best possible way to maintain the reserves. Even keeping the water potable is a way of conservation. We have to start it someday, so why is that someday not today? Taking a step towards conserving nature is just like taking the step to success.

Final Thoughts

In your essay on Conservation of Nature, you should emphasize the need to conserve natural resources and the measures that can be taken for conservation. In the introduction paragraph, you may write about the gifts of nature and how nature actively supports the survival of living beings. For the body of your essay, you may write one or two paragraphs, stating the types of natural resources and how they are beneficial to humans. Also, write about the overuse of natural resources, leading to a faster rate of depletion than they can be replenished. In the concluding paragraph, write about the measures that can be taken to conserve natural resources. You can refer to the essay on this topic available on Vedantu to get a better idea.

FAQs on Conservation of Nature Essay

1. What are the main points to be written in an essay on the Conservation of Nature?

An essay on Conservation of Nature has to be informative and the points in it have to be relevant to most of the readers. The below-given questions will help you frame your essay on the Conservation of Nature.

What are the gifts of nature to living beings?

How does nature help us in rejuvenation?

What are the benefits drawn from natural resources, in our daily lives?

Is there any medicinal benefit that can be derived from nature?

How many types of natural resources are there? What are they?

How can we conserve renewable natural resources?

How can we save our nature from pollution?

What is the 3R technique?

2. How to write an essay on Conservation of Nature?

In your essay on Conservation of Nature you should emphasize the need to conserve natural resources and the measures that can be taken for conservation. In the introduction paragraph, you may write about the gifts of nature and how nature actively supports the survival of living beings. For the body of your essay, you may write one or two paragraphs, stating the types of natural resources and how they are beneficial to humans. Also, write about the overuse of natural resources, leading to a faster rate of depletion than they can be replenished. In the concluding paragraph, write about the measures that can be taken to conserve natural resources. You can refer to the essay on this topic available on Vedantu to get a better idea.

3. What is the 3R principle?

The 3R’s stand for ‘reduce’, ‘reuse’, and ‘recycle’, it is more often referred to as the three R’s of sustainability. The objective of these three R’s is conserving natural resources by cutting down their waste. Recycling and reusing manufacturing wastes and raw materials are meant to reduce the wastage of resources and the energy derived from these resources.

4. Is it important to write about the 3R principle in the essay on Conservation of Nature?

Yes, it is important to write about the 3R principle in your essay on the Conservation of Nature. It is one of the most effective measures to conserve natural resources and is being practiced all over the world. This will make your essay even more informative from the readers’ perspective.

5. Why is the conservation of nature necessary?

The conservation of nature is important because without nature there won’t be life possible on our planet. Nature gives us the necessary value to live our life. It provides us food to eat, eater to drink, and air to breathe. Nature has been providing us with everything, be it water, rain, sunlight, oxygen, shelter, or whatnot. In short, nature is the solution to almost all problems. Also, it provides us with a shelter to live in, and those valuable things that help us to live a good life.

Essay on Conservation of Nature

Introduction

Conservation of nature is the collective effort to protect, manage, and restore Earth’s ecosystems and biodiversity. It includes a broad spectrum of initiatives aimed at preserving the delicate balance of life on our planet. One poignant example of conservation in action is the restoration of coral reefs. These vibrant marine ecosystems, essential for countless marine species and coastal communities, face threats from pollution , overfishing, and climate change. Through collaborative efforts involving scientists, governments, and local communities, initiatives like coral reef restoration projects offer hope for revitalizing these vital ecosystems and underline the urgency of conservation efforts worldwide.

Understanding Nature’s Value

Ecosystem Services: Nature provides essential services that support life on Earth. These include pollination, water purification, soil fertility, and climate regulation.
Biodiversity: Nature’s biodiversity is crucial for ecosystem resilience and adaptation to environmental changes. It guarantees that ecosystems can continue to offer services even in the presence of disruptions.
Cultural and Spiritual Significance: Many cultures and communities worldwide have deep spiritual and cultural connections to nature. It provides inspiration, aesthetic value, and a sense of belonging.
Economic Benefits: Nature contributes to economies through tourism, recreation, agriculture, and pharmaceuticals. For example, ecotourism relies on the preservation of natural habitats.
Health and Well-being: Researchers have linked nature to human health benefits, including reduced stress, improved mental health, and physical well-being. Access to green spaces is essential for urban populations.
Climate Change Mitigation: Natural ecosystems, like forests and wetlands, are critical in absorbing carbon dioxide and mitigating climate change.
Food Security: Nature provides a variety of food sources, including crops, livestock, and fisheries. Maintaining biodiversity is crucial for ensuring resilient food systems.

Threats to Nature

Nature faces numerous threats that endanger its biodiversity, ecosystem services, and overall health. Human activities primarily drive these threats and include:

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Habitat Loss: Human activities like deforestation, urbanization, and land conversion for agriculture and infrastructure development are causing the loss of natural habitats, one of the most significant threats to nature.
Climate Change: The increasing temperatures, alterations in precipitation patterns, and occurrence of extreme weather events linked with climate change pose significant risks to ecosystems and various species across the globe. These include habitat disruption, altered migration patterns, and increased risk of extinction.
Pollution: Pollution from multiple sources, such as industrial activities, agriculture, and urban runoff, contaminates air, water , and soil, leading to the degradation of ecosystems and harming wildlife and human health.
Overexploitation: Unsustainable exploitation of natural resources, such as overfishing, illegal logging, and poaching, threatens the survival of numerous species and disrupts ecosystem dynamics.
Invasive Species: Introducing non-native species into new environments, whether deliberate or unintentional, can adversely affect native ecosystems by outcompeting native species, spreading diseases, and altering habitat structure.
Habitat Fragmentation: Fragmentation of natural habitats due to human infrastructure, such as roads and dams, disrupts ecological connectivity, reduces genetic diversity, and isolates populations, making them more vulnerable to extinction.
Human Population Growth: The increasing human population exerts pressure on natural resources and habitats, leading to intensified exploitation, habitat destruction, and increased pollution.

The Case for Conservation

Conservation is essential for preserving the health and stability of our planet’s ecosystems, which are vital for human well-being and survival. Here are some compelling reasons why conservation is imperative:

Preservation of Biodiversity: Conservation efforts are essential for preserving Earth’s rich biodiversity, which forms the foundation of ecosystems and sustains life on our planet. Every species has a distinct role in maintaining ecosystem health and resilience.
Ecosystem Services: Natural ecosystems offer invaluable services, including clean air and water, crop pollination, climate regulation, and nutrient cycling. Conserving these ecosystems ensures the continued provision of these services, vital for human well-being and economic prosperity.
Protection of Endangered Species: Numerous species are in danger of extinction because of human activities such as habitat destruction, pollution, and climate change . Conservation efforts strive to safeguard and restore habitats, enact species recovery programs, and combat illegal wildlife trade to prevent biodiversity loss.
Sustainable Resource Management: Conservation involves managing natural resources to meet present needs while safeguarding future generations. This includes sustainable forestry, fisheries management, and land-use planning.
Climate Change Mitigation: Forests, wetlands, and oceans are vital natural ecosystems that capture carbon dioxide and mitigate climate change. Conservation efforts that protect and restore these ecosystems contribute to global climate change mitigation efforts.
Cultural and Recreational Value: Nature holds immense cultural, spiritual, and recreational value for communities worldwide. Conserving natural landscapes and wildlife preserves cultural heritage, provides opportunities for recreation and ecotourism, and fosters a deeper connection to the natural world.
Resilience to Environmental Challenges: Healthy and biodiverse ecosystems are more resilient to environmental challenges such as disease outbreaks, invasive species, and extreme weather events. Conservation helps build ecological resilience, ensuring that ecosystems adapt and thrive in the face of change.

Strategies for Conservation

Protected Areas Management: Establishing and effectively managing protected areas, such as wildlife reserves, national parks, and marine sanctuaries, to conserve biodiversity, protect habitats, and safeguard critical ecosystems from human disturbances and exploitation.
Habitat Restoration and Rehabilitation: Implementing habitat restoration projects to revive degraded ecosystems, restore natural habitats, and enhance biodiversity . This includes reforestation, wetland restoration, and efforts to rehabilitate degraded lands.
Sustainable Land Use Practices: Promoting sustainable land use practices, including sustainable agriculture, forestry, and fisheries management, to minimize habitat destruction, soil erosion, and biodiversity loss while ensuring the long-term productivity of natural resources.
Community-Based Conservation: By using participatory approaches to involve local communities in conservation efforts, they can be empowered to manage natural resources sustainably, promote traditional knowledge, and incentivize conservation through benefits-sharing mechanisms.
Policy and Legal Instruments: Developing and enforcing laws, regulations, and policies at local, national, and international levels to protect wildlife, habitats, and ecosystems, combat illegal wildlife trade, regulate land use, and promote sustainable resource management.
Education and Awareness: Raising public awareness and fostering environmental education initiatives to increase understanding of the value of nature, promote conservation behaviors, and empower individuals to contribute to conservation efforts in their daily lives.
Science and Research: Conduct scientific research to inform conservation decision-making, monitor biodiversity, assess the effectiveness of conservation interventions, and develop innovative solutions to conservation challenges, including genetic conservation and assisted reproductive technologies.
International Collaboration: Fostering collaboration and partnerships between governments, non-governmental organizations, research institutions, and local communities to address transboundary conservation challenges, share knowledge and best practices, and mobilize resources for conservation initiatives on a global scale.

Role of Individuals

Education and Awareness: Individuals can educate themselves and others about conservation issues, raising awareness about the importance of biodiversity, sustainable living, and the impacts of human activities on the environment.
Conservation Behaviors: Adopting environmentally friendly practices in daily life, such as reducing waste, recycling, using energy-efficient appliances, and supporting sustainable products, can help reduce the overall ecological footprint.
Support for Conservation Organizations: Individuals can support conservation organizations financially or through volunteering, helping to fund conservation projects, research, and advocacy efforts.
Advocacy and Policy Support: Individuals can advocate for stronger environmental policies and regulations at local, national, and international levels, supporting initiatives that promote conservation and sustainable development.
Participation in Citizen Science: Citizen science projects allow individuals to contribute valuable data to conservation research, monitor wildlife populations, track biodiversity, and identify environmental changes.
Community Engagement: Promoting conservation practices, supporting sustainable livelihoods, and enabling local communities to manage natural resources can positively impact conservation efforts.
Responsible Tourism: When traveling, individuals can choose eco-friendly accommodations, support local conservation projects, and respect local wildlife and habitats to minimize the negative impacts of tourism on the environment.
Lifestyle Choices: Adopting a more sustainable lifestyle, such as using public transportation, reducing meat consumption, and supporting sustainable agriculture, can help reduce resource consumption and mitigate environmental impacts.
Personal Advocacy: Speaking out about conservation issues, sharing information on social media, and encouraging others to take action can help amplify the message of conservation and inspire others to get involved.
Lifelong Learning: Continuously educating oneself about conservation issues, staying informed about new developments and solutions, and being open to changing behaviors based on new information is crucial for effective conservation action.

Conservation Initiatives

Global Conservation Agreements: International agreements and treaties, like the CBD (Convention on Biological Diversity), the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands, and the UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change), are aimed at fostering worldwide collaboration towards conservation, establishing conservation objectives, and advancing sustainable development.
Protected Area Networks: Establishing and expanding networks of protected areas, including marine sanctuaries, wildlife reserves, and national parks, to conserve biodiversity, protect critical habitats, and provide safe havens for endangered species.
Species Recovery Programs: Implementing species recovery and reintroduction programs for endangered species, such as captive breeding, habitat restoration, and population monitoring, to prevent extinctions and restore populations to sustainable levels.
Corporate Conservation Initiatives: These initiatives encourage corporate responsibility through programs such as CSR (corporate social responsibility) programs, sustainable supply chain management, and conservation partnerships, which minimize environmental impacts and promote sustainable practices.
Conservation Finance: Mobilizing financial resources for conservation through mechanisms such as environmental funds, conservation easements, and payment for ecosystem services (PES) schemes to incentivize conservation and sustainable land use practices.
Technology and Innovation: Harnessing technology and innovation for conservation purposes, including remote sensing, GPS tracking, and DNA analysis to monitor wildlife, map habitats, and detect environmental changes.
Education and Outreach: Conduct public awareness campaigns, educational programs, and community outreach activities to raise awareness about conservation issues, promote sustainable behaviors, and build public support for conservation efforts.
Research and Monitoring: Conducting scientific research, monitoring biodiversity, and assessing the effectiveness of conservation interventions to inform decision-making, improve conservation strategies, and track progress toward conservation goals.

Success Stories

Giant Panda Conservation (China): Conservation efforts, including habitat protection, captive breeding, and community engagement, have increased the giant panda population in China. The IUCN Red List reclassified the species from “Endangered” to “Vulnerable” in 2016.
California Condor Recovery (USA): The California condor population, critically endangered with only 27 individuals in the 1980s, has now exceeded 400 individuals due to a captive breeding program and habitat protection efforts.
Gorongosa National Park Restoration (Mozambique): Gorongosa National Park, once devastated by civil war, has recovered remarkably thanks to conservation efforts. The park’s wildlife populations have rebounded, and ecotourism has economically benefited local communities.
Bald Eagle Recovery (USA): Once on the verge of extinction due to habitat loss and DDT poisoning, the bald eagle has made a remarkable comeback. Conservation efforts, including habitat protection and banning DDT, have significantly increased the bald eagle population.
Vaquita Conservation (Mexico): The vaquita, the world’s most endangered marine mammal, has been the focus of conservation efforts in Mexico. Despite challenges, including illegal fishing practices, conservation efforts have led to increased enforcement measures and international cooperation to protect the vaquita’s habitat.
Turtle Conservation in Costa Rica: Conservation efforts in Costa Rica have protected nesting beaches and implemented sustainable fishing practices, resulting in increased turtle populations along the country’s coastlines.
Coral Reef Conservation (Various Locations): Conservation initiatives, including marine protected areas, coral reef restoration projects, and community-based conservation efforts, have led to the recovery of coral reefs in some regions, demonstrating the potential for conservation to restore marine ecosystems.
Wolf Recovery in Yellowstone National Park (USA): The reintroduction of wolves has positively impacted Yellowstone National Park’s ecosystem, helping to reduce elk overgrazing and establish a more balanced ecosystem.

Future Directions

Incorporating Climate Resilience: Given the increasing impacts of climate change on ecosystems, future conservation efforts must prioritize strategies that enhance natural systems’ resilience to climate-related stressors, such as habitat restoration, assisted species migration, and creating climate-smart protected areas.
Embracing Technology: Advancements in technology , such as remote sensing, artificial intelligence, and satellite monitoring, offer new opportunities for conservation monitoring, assessment, and decision-making. Future conservation efforts will increasingly rely on these tools to enhance efficiency, accuracy, and effectiveness.
Promoting Nature-Based Solutions: Nature-based solutions, such as ecosystem restoration, green infrastructure, and natural climate solutions, offer cost-effective approaches to addressing biodiversity loss and climate change. Future conservation efforts should prioritize implementing these nature-based solutions to achieve multiple benefits for people and nature.
Mainstreaming Biodiversity Across Sectors: To address the root causes of biodiversity loss, future conservation efforts must work towards mainstreaming biodiversity considerations across sectors such as agriculture, forestry, fisheries, urban planning, and infrastructure development. This requires integrating biodiversity objectives into policies, plans, and decision-making processes at all levels.
Enhancing Collaboration and Partnerships: To tackle intricate conservation issues, it is imperative to foster cooperation and alliances among various entities such as governmental and non-governmental organizations, indigenous groups, local communities, businesses , and other stakeholders. Future conservation efforts should build inclusive, multi-stakeholder partnerships to leverage resources, share knowledge, and implement coordinated action.
Empowering Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities: To achieve successful conservation and sustainable development, it is crucial to acknowledge and honor the rights and traditional knowledge of Indigenous peoples and local communities. Future conservation efforts should prioritize the empowerment of indigenous peoples and local communities as key stewards of biodiversity and natural resources .
Investing in Conservation Finance: Securing adequate funding for conservation is essential for scaling up efforts and achieving conservation goals. To mobilize resources and incentivize conservation action, future conservation efforts should explore innovative financing mechanisms, such as impact investing, conservation finance bonds, and payments for ecosystem services.
Promoting Equity and Social Justice: Conservation efforts should prioritize equity, social justice , and inclusivity to ensure that all social groups benefit equally from conservation and bear the burdens equitably. Future conservation efforts should address social inequalities, empower marginalized communities, and promote environmental justice.

The conservation of nature is an urgent imperative for safeguarding the planet’s biodiversity, ecosystem services, and the well-being of present and future generations. By preserving habitats, protecting endangered species, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering global collaboration, we can mitigate the threats facing our natural world and build a more resilient and sustainable future. However, the task ahead requires collective action, innovation, and a commitment to equity and justice. With determination and concerted effort, we can ensure that our planet remains a thriving home for all life forms and that the beauty and diversity of nature endure for generations to come.

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Essay On Nature And Its Conservation

Essay On Nature And Its Conservation- The word NATURE has a very vast meaning in it. The goal of life is to live in agreement with nature. Everything in nature invites us constantly to be what we are.

Nature is an amazing blessing from God. It helps us sustain our lives. So it is our duty to protect it from transforming from its real definition. We need to leave the practices of selfish activities so that our future generations can live well.

Short Essay On Nature | 250 Words

Introduction.

We all are surrounded by Nature. Whatever we see around us like trees, animals, sun, moon, landscapes, etc. are parts of nature. It is said that things that are not made by humans are parts of nature. But What things are made by humans?

It is nothing. Humans only modified natural things and gave them a new shape. So Eventually, everything we see, feel, and experience is Nature. Nature is an amazing blessing from God.

Why is nature important?

First of all, nature has provided us with a suitable environment for living comfortably. It also sustains every living organism. Nature has created a balanced ecosystem that makes everything interdependent on each other.

Also, it has catered for every living being on earth with exact needs. For example, some trees can grow in the coldest environment and others can grow underwater.

From a germ to the largest animal whale is given a suitable environment by Nature. Is not it amazing? If we talk about humans, they are totally dependent on nature to execute their needs be it shelter, food or protection.

The conservation of nature

We, humans, have damaged nature at a great level. But it is time to press the restore button. The most important step is to stop deforestation which creates an imbalance in the ecosystem. Pollution is another challenge to face. Different types of pollution need to be stopped at all levels.

If we adopt some sort of handy solutions we can make a difference. We should use public transport to cut down a share of increasing pollution . The government must also create some rules and regulations to control the current situation. Awareness can be proved as a very powerful tool to conserve nature.

In conclusion, nature is an essential part of our lives. It helps us sustain our lives. So it is our duty to protect it from transforming from its real definition. We need to leave the practices of selfish activities so that our future generations can live well.

Long Essay On Nature | 500 Words

The word NATURE has a very vast meaning within it. The goal of life is to live in agreement with nature. It is an integral and vital part of living organisms. Nature is nothing but everything we are surrounded by like the air we inhale, the water we drink, the sun, the moon, the landscapes and the list goes to infinity.

Everything in nature invites us constantly to be what we are. Nature nurtures and nourishes us. It fulfils all the basic needs of living beings. It sustains life and maintains a balance in the environmental ecosystem. In fact, Nature is the best gift from God to us.

Importance of nature

Nature that is in front of us today have been developed 4.5 billion years ago. from the first living being developed, it offered us protection against every kind of damage and harm.

Our survival is impossible without the support of nature. If nature can nourish us, it also can bring the greatest destruction to mankind.

Each and every element of nature like water, trees, animals, moon and son etc are equally significant to us. If one of them goes absent, life on earth will undergo difficulties. Our breath, our health and our life are fully dependent on nature. Nature has designed the environment according to our needs.

Gifts of nature

Nature has blessed us with a lot of gifts. All our basic needs like air, water, food, and shelter are provided by Nature. Crops and trees help us in the form of fruits, veggies, medicines and wood. The sun is the greatest source of energy that illuminates the earth and so our lives.

To cover our bodies and protect against adverse effects of weather, we get from nature. The beautiful home we live in is made from natural resources. The list is so long that words will run out of the dictionary. In fact, Nature itself is a gift to us.

Beauty of nature

Nature is intelligent enough to sustain a balance in the environment. Nature’s intelligence is very complex to understand. Even scientists are wordless to explain how nature has systematized everything in the universe. Every element of nature is exceptionally beautiful. The greenery of green lands can mesmerize anyone in seconds.

The view of different types of landscapes looks extremely beautiful. The rainy season decorates the earth even more. The symmetry of butterflies, the spark of a firefly, the formation of the rainbow, the dance of the peacock, the copying attitude of monkeys etc. explains how beautiful nature is. The description of Nature is endless.

Nature conservation

For the sake of money, we have exploited nature very much. As result, we are putting ourselves in danger. We need to conserve nature and let it do its work. Nature’s first function is to make a balance in the environment but gets disturbed when we cut down trees in bulk. Deforestation needs to be stopped as soon as possible.

Different types of pollution are damaging nature’s real worth. We need to control every type of pollution. Furthermore, we need to take care of every form of nature equally because they hold equal significance. Individuals and the government should do their duties for the conservation of nature.

Final Words (Conclusion)

To sum it up, Everything we see around us is a form of nature. It is a real supporter of life. But we are not aware of its real value. It is time to understand the importance of nature and conserve it. If we want to assume life on earth for a long time, we need to protect it.

What is Nature in simple words?

Words nature or natural is used for the things that are not made by humans and they can not be made by humans. For example, Sun, Moon, Trees, Mountains, Animals, germs, etc. are natural things.

How to conserve nature?

To conserve nature, we need to stop environmental issues like pollution, deforestation etc.

How to write a short essay on Nature?

Follow some steps 1. Write an engaging introduction 2. Think about some subheadings 3. Arrange the subheading in a proper way 4. Write engaging content under subheadings 5. Give a finishing touch in the Conclusion. That’s all your Essay on nature is done!

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Conservation of Biodiversity Essay for Students and Children in English

February 13, 2024 by Prasanna

Conservation of Biodiversity Essay: Mother earth is the home for various species and a place where they can coexist. The term biodiversity is a combination of two words – biological and diversity. It means diverse living organisms simultaneously sustain themselves in an ecosystem. The ecosystem encompasses various communities of creatures, including forests, coral reefs, wildlife, microbes, etc. A surprising number of 8.7 million species inhabit the planet earth.

The existence of biodiversity is an essential element of the planet earth. Every organism is interdependent and interconnected with one another. Everything on this planet is in an intricate web. However, human’s exploitation of the resources is threatening the ecological balance of biodiversity. Thus, it becomes essential to conserve and support all the species.

You can read more Essay Writing about articles, events, people, sports, technology many more.

Long and Short Essays on Conservation of Biodiversity for Children and Kids in English

Given below are two essays in English for students and children about the topic of ‘Conservation of Biodiversity’ in both long and short form. The first essay of 400 to 500 words on ‘Conservation of Biodiversity’ is for students of class 7, 8, 9, and 10. Moreover, it is helpful for the aspirants of competitive exams. Furthermore, 150 – 200 word’s essay on ‘Conservation of Biodiversity ‘will help students and children in class 6 or below.

Long ‘Conservation of Biodiversity’ Essay in English for classes 7, 8, 9, and 10 and Competitive Exam Aspirants. Below we have given a long essay on ‘Conservation of Biodiversity’ of 400 to 500 words. The article on the ‘Conservation of Biodiversity’ topic is best for students of 7 to 10. Furthermore, competitive exam preparation will become easy if students refer to this article.

Long Conservation of Biodiversity Essay 500 words in English

Biodiversity is an amalgamation of two words – biological and diversity. Therefore, the definition of the term ‘biodiversity’ encompasses a large variety of living organisms coexisting in an ecosystem. Biodiversity ranges from the tiniest microbes to the largest mammal. It also includes several species of bacteria, plants, animals, and humans. The recent study discovered 8.7 million different species worldwide, out of which a normal man recognizes only 1.2 million species.

However, the existing biodiversity is at risk. Both natural and human-activities are contributing to degrading the ecosystem. The changing climate and infestation of alien species are threatening the current biodiversity. Furthermore, in the pursuit of modernization, urbanization, and aggressive ambitions, humans are exploiting the natural habitat. Several factors, such as habitat fragmentation, atmospheric pollution, over-consumption of the natural resources by the humans, etc. are putting additional pressure on the planet.

Over one million species are on the verge of extinction. Humans have altered the environment in the quest to dominate the planet. Thus, the vast wealth of the earth is gradually vanishing. There are such thirty or more spots on the planet where several species are under the threat of extinction. Scientists have termed these regions as biodiversity hotspots. These biodiversity hotspots are home to 60% of different kinds of species.

The need of the hour is to participate in conserving biodiversity. Another word for conservation is caring for the environment. The first step to prevent dwindling biodiversity is to protect the plants and animals in their natural habitat.

It would be possible to create a safe habitat for various species by putting an end to the fragmentation of land for selfish purposes. Several species are sensitive to pollution. For instance, salmons can only thrive in freshwater. The concentration of toxic chemicals in the stream may lead to a declining population of salmons. Furthermore, the burning of fossil fuels gives rise to carbon dioxide emission, which is harmful to some species. A large number of species become homeless as a result of deforestation. Moreover, deforestation also leads to climate change. It harms migrating species.

Native plants and animals survive when they interact with the environment freely. It would be best not to disturb them in their natural habitat. Thus, humans need to take responsibility for their actions, and consciously stop polluting the environment.

The government is preserving biodiversity by restoring the natural habitat and assigning protected areas. Furthermore, an initiative to safeguard the forest-dwelling animals, the government is prohibiting wildlife trading and poaching. The government will take further actions to mainstream biodiversity conservation. The government is working towards capping fisheries, mining, farming, concrete construction in green zone areas, etc. enabling multiple species to interact and interconnect freely.

Short Essay on Conservation of Biodiversity 200 words in English

Short Conservation of Biodiversity Essay in English for Classes 6 and Below

Below we have given a short essay on ‘Conservation of Biodiversity’ of 150 to 200 words. This short piece on the topic ‘Conservation of Biodiversity’ is perfect for all students of grade 6 and below. Biodiversity consists of all living organisms on the earth. It includes a variety of life forms, from plants, animals, bacteria, to fungi. However, in today’s time, the earth is losing flora and fauna as well as genetic diversity.

Owing to the dominating human species, several other species of plants and animals are becoming extinct at an alarming rate. Pollution, deforestation, global warming, over-exploitation of the ecosystem, and impulsive hunting of animals diminish the earth’s natural biodiversity.

Human beings are the greatest threat to biodiversity. Scientists have identified more than thirty regions in the world as global biodiversity hotspots. On the one hand, these areas have abundant resources. On the other hand, these are high-risk areas of endangered species. In ecosystems, every creature is interdependent and interconnected. Elimination of a single species can disrupt the entire food chain.

In the quest to conserve biodiversity, it is compelling to reduce carbon footprints. Afforestation, reusing, recycling, and reducing waste can contribute to protecting biodiversity from further harm. The creation of wildlife sanctuary and biodiversity reserves can aid in the natural restoration of biodiversity. Thus, for the survival of every species, including humans, we must conserve biodiversity. We should set an example to inspire the next generation to follow the same path.

10 lines on Conservation of Biodiversity Essay in English

Students who are preparing for competitive examinations or entrance examinations can use this piece on ‘Conservation of Biodiversity’ for reference. Moreover, children can take note of these points to help them deliver a speech on the stage. Children who are planning to participate in literary work or debate competition can also find it very useful.

Biodiversity is a mixture of several species of plants, animals, and microbial organisms coexisting on the planet earth.
The recent study reveals the existence of 8.7 million different species worldwide.
Human activities worldwide are threatening biodiversity.
Deforestation, burning of fossil fuels, an infestation of alien species, climate change, fragmentation of habitat are some of the reasons behind dwindling biodiversity.
Scientists have identified more than thirty regions in the world as biodiversity hotspots.
We should participate in conserving biodiversity.
We should not disturb the native plants and animals so they can live freely in their natural habitat.
Land fragmentation and deforestation is making several species homeless.
The government made law to preserve biodiversity and create wildlife sanctuaries.
Humans also need to take responsibility for their actions, and consciously stop polluting the environment.

FAQ’s on Conservation of Biodiversity Essay

Question 1. Which factor is responsible for dwindling biodiversity?

Answer: Humans are responsible for dwindling biodiversity.

Question 2. What is the figure of different species that inhabit the planet earth?

Answer: Approximately 8.7 million different species inhabit the planet earth.

Question 3. What do you mean by biodiversity hotspots, and how many are there currently?

Answer: Biodiversity hotspots are biological-rich regions around the world that are threatened by the loss of inhabitants. Currently, there are over 30 biodiversity hotspots that the world recognizes.

Question 4. How can an ordinary person conserve biodiversity?

Answer: It is essential to cut down on exploiting the earth’s resources. Humans should restrict their activities that are harming the natural environment. We should make a collective effort to stabilize various species around the world.

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✍️Essay on Natural Resources: Samples in 100, 150 and 200 Words

Updated on
Nov 2, 2023

Wondering about how the resources provided by our planet Earth are depleting? Well, that’s true. We have come to the stage where we should start working towards saving our planet. We humans have used our resources in a humongous quantity. Therefore, it’s time we start working towards saving our planet for our future generations. Today we will provide you with a few samples of essay on natural resources which will help you write on this topic easily.

Table of Contents

1 What are Natural Resources?
2 Types of Natural Resources
3 Essay on Natural Resources in 100 Words
4 Essay on Natural Resources in 150 Words
5 Essay on Natural Resources in 200 Words

What are Natural Resources?

Natural Resources are resources which are present in nature independent of human actions.

These are the resources that are created naturally by the environment, without any help from humans. Soil, stone, sunlight, air, plants, animals, fossil fuels, etc. are all natural resources.

In simple language, natural resources are naturally occurring materials which are useful to humankind. They can also be useful in a variety of ways such as in technological, economic or social contexts. These resources include building, clothing materials, food, water, fertilisers and geothermal energy. Natural resources were traditionally within the purview of the natural sciences.

Also Read: Essay on Save Environment: Samples in 100, 200, 300 Words

Also Read: How to Prepare for UPSC in 6 Months?

Types of Natural Resources

Speaking of the type of natural resources, there are mainly two types of natural resources. These include Renewable and Non-renewable resources.

Renewable Resources: These are those resources which are endlessly available to humans for several uses. These resources are trees, wind, and water.

Non-Renewable Resources: These resources are available to humans in infinite quantities as they are not renewable and their supply may eventually run out. Minerals and fossil fuels are a few examples.

Also Read: Essay on the Importance of the English Language for Students

Essay on Natural Resources in 100 Words

Natural resources are parts of the natural world that are useful to humans. Renewable resources are those that can be swiftly replenished, these include soil, water, and air., Non-renewable resources are those that need time to recover, such as minerals, oil, natural gas, etc.

One should note that the survival of all life on Earth depends on natural resources. However, the usage of natural resources in excess use can cause ecosystem disruption. Many nations are taking action these days to protect their natural resources. Natural resources shouldn’t be used for purposes outside our needs. In order to preserve non-renewable resources, we should utilise renewable resources more frequently than non-renewable ones.

Essay on Natural Resources in 150 Words

The organic aspects of nature that contribute to our way of life are known as natural resources. For survival, we rely on natural resources. Natural resources include things like air, water, soil, minerals, crops, etc. Resources like minerals, oil, and other resources are found in non-living organisms and take eons to regenerate.

The distribution of natural resources is not even. Resources like these are also the primary driver of international trade relations for many nations. However, with time, these natural resources have now been overused by the human mankind beyond their limits.

However, the unrestricted exploitation of natural resources is a challenge for all nations these days. To control this, a lot of nations are emphasising garbage recycling and employing more renewable resources than non-renewable ones.

Sustainable development is the use of natural resources for current requirements without wasting them while keeping an eye on the future. It refers to the wise use of natural resources without sacrificing what coming generations will need.

Also Read: Essay on Unity in Diversity in 100 to 200 Words

Essay on Natural Resources in 200 Words

Natural resources are materials found in the environment that humans use to survive. From the very start, humans have been dependent on these resources. While some of these resources can be restored more rapidly than others, some require more time. Resources like sunlight, water, air, and other renewable resources are readily available and have higher recovery rates than consumption rates.

On the other hand, the formation and processing of non-renewable resources, such as minerals, oil, and natural gas, take a long time. Even the usage rate of these non-renewable resources is higher as compared to the renewable resources. While some natural resources are used immediately, others must first undergo processing.

Even while renewable resources are available in huge quantities, they should also be used responsibly. Both renewable and non-renewable resources require time to be created and processed. Therefore, it is very important for humans to use these resources in a limited quantity and leave some for future generations.

With time, humans are using these resources excessively. With the ever-increasing population, humans have already created a huge impact on the environment. To begin, humans are continuously polluting the air, water and noise. Buildings are being constructed on more land. The land is becoming less valuable in this way. Humans are soon becoming the biggest reason behind depleting natural resources, such as land, water, and air.

Therefore, we mustn’t undervalue these resources. The moment has come for us to recognise the importance of using these resources sustainably.

Natural Resources are substances which are naturally obtained from nature. Here are the 5 natural resources: Coal, Oil, Natural Gas, Sand, Gems, and Metals.

Renewable resources are natural resources that can be replenished or regenerated at a rate comparable to the rate at which they are consumed or harvested. For example: Solar energy, Wind energy, Biomass, Geothermal energy, etc.

Conserving and saving natural resources is essential for sustainable development and the preservation of the environment. Here are some easy tips to save natural resources: Implementing the 3Rs in daily life; Adopting energy-efficient practices such as using energy-saving appliances; Reducing water wastage by fixing leaks, using water-efficient appliances, and practising mindful water usage in daily activities, etc.

For more information on such interesting topics, visit our essay-writing page and follow Leverage Edu !

Malvika Chawla

Malvika is a content writer cum news freak who comes with a strong background in Journalism and has worked with renowned news websites such as News 9 and The Financial Express to name a few. When not writing, she can be found bringing life to the canvasses by painting on them.

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Essay on Conservation of Natural Resources for Students and Children

500+ words essay on conservation of natural resources.

Natural resources are something that is occurring naturally on Earth. It forms an indispensable part of our lives. It comprises of air, water, sunlight, coal , petroleum, natural gas, fossil fuels, oil, etc. However, they are exploited by humans for economic gain. Natural resources are at depletion because of the overuse. Some of these resources are available in abundance with the capability to renew. On the other hand, some are non-renewable . Thus, it demands a responsible behavior for the conservation so as to ensure their sustainability.

Why Conserve Natural Resources?

Human beings depend upon the natural resources for their development activities. If the resources are not used wisely, it would create an imbalance in the environment. Thus would head us in opposition to an eco-friendly atmosphere. The need for conservation arises from the significance of natural resources. It is as follows-

Water is a renewable natural resource . We use it for drinking, producing electricity, irrigation, in various industries and for a number of activities. Its scarcity would cause loss of vegetation, adverse effect on flora and fauna, erosion of soil, etc.
Plants and animals provide a wide range of industrial and biological materials. Also, it assists in the manufacturing of medicine and for various other uses.
It takes millions of years for the formation of natural resources.
Fossil fuels are of great importance. A lot of energy is produced from coal, oil and natural gas all of which are fossil fuels.
Forest is the most important natural resource which helps in economic development . Forest provides paper, furniture, timber, medicine, gum, etc. Also, it maintains a balance in the ecosystem. Moreover, it prevents soil erosion and protects wildlife.
Land resources support natural vegetation, wildlife, transport. The land also provides us food, cloth, shelter, and other basic needs.

Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas

Ways to Conserve Natural Resources

Different ministries of the Government, national and international agencies have been working for the purpose of conserving the natural resources .

Environment education must be imparted by including the same in the curricula of the schools.
National Parks are making an effort for the safety of the natural resources.
By reducing, reusing and recycling of non-renewable resources.
Non-human species must be disturbed only to meet the basic needs.
Planting of more and more trees to save our forest resources.
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Published: 27 August 2024

An explanation of the stagnant under-5 mortality rate in Bangladesh using multilevel, multivariable analysis of three Demographic and Health Surveys

Tapas Mazumder 1 ,
Itismita Mohanty 1 ,
Danish Ahmad 1 , 2 &
Theo Niyonsenga 1

Scientific Reports volume 14 , Article number: 19823 ( 2024 ) Cite this article

Metrics details

Epidemiology
Health care
Public health
Risk factors

Despite remarkable success in the Millennium Development Goal era, Bangladesh experienced a sluggish reduction in the under-5 mortality rate (U5MR) between 2014 and 2017–18. Our study aimed to explain this stagnancy by examining the variation in the key predictor-specific mortality risks over time, using the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2011, 2014 and 2017–18 data. We applied multilevel mixed effects logistic regression to examine the extent to which the under-5 mortality (U5M) risks were associated with the key sociodemographic and health service-specific predictors. We found that the rise in mortality risks attributable to maternal age 18 years or below, low maternal education, mother’s overweight or obesity and the absence of a handwashing station within the household were the key contributors to the stagnant U5MR between 2014 and 2017–18. Poverty and low education aggravated the mortality risks. Besides, antenatal care (ANC) and postnatal care (PNC) did not impact U5M risks as significantly as expected. Compulsory use of ANC and PNC cards and strict monitoring of their use may improve the quality of these health services. Leveraging committees like the Upazila Hospital Management Committee can bring harmony to implementing policies and programmes in the sectors related to U5M.

Introduction

Under-5 mortality (U5M) serves as a crucial indicator of a country’s overall progress 1 . It is influenced by a complex interplay of factors, including the health care delivery systems, socioeconomic and environmental conditions, and broader macro-political and structural contexts 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 . As a result, the underperformance of any of these interrelated sectors can overtake the positive impact of the improvement in other sectors. For example, educating all women may not effectively prevent U5M from severe pneumonia unless the health facilities are efficient enough to provide the required health care on time 6 . Therefore, attaining sustained progress in U5M requires a collective and synchronised endeavour concurrently encompassing improvements across these interrelated sectors.

Due to concerted efforts in the areas related to U5M, there was a 59% reduction in the global under-5 mortality rate (U5MR) between 1990 and 2019 2 , 7 . However, the rate of reduction was slower during 2010–19, and some regions shared remarkably higher U5M than others. For instance, Sub-Saharan Africa and the South Asia region together shared more than 80% of the total U5M in 2019. Five countries of these two regions, Nigeria, India, Pakistan, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Ethiopia, shared 49% of the total U5M in 2019 2 .

Despite sharing roughly similar predictors of U5M mortality with India and Pakistan, Bangladesh did better and reduced U5MR by 68% in the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) era to achieve the MDG 4.1 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 . Hence, Bangladesh is considered one of the exemplars of U5M reduction 13 . Bangladesh’s success in the MDG era can be attributed to a combination of factors. Some primary drivers in health services were interventions focused on maternal and neonatal health, immunisation, prevention of diarrhoeal diseases, and vitamin A supplementation 10 , 14 . Alongside these, the contribution of stable socioeconomic, structural, and technological advancement during the MDG period was highlighted 15 . Functional coordination between government and NGO sector was mentioned as the key driver in the leadership and governance domain 13 .

On the other hand, post-MDG, Bangladesh experienced a sluggish reduction, aka stagnancy, in the five-year period U5MR. The U5MR reduced only by 2% between 2014 and 2017–18, even with consistent progress in the coverage of key health interventions like antenatal care (ANC), skilled birth attendance, post-natal care (PNC), vaccination, and exclusive breastfeeding 16 . In contrast, U5MR saw an 18% and 13% reduction between 2007, 2011 and 2011, 2014, respectively 17 . Regardless of a sluggish reduction of U5MR between 2014 and 2017–18, Bangladesh made prominent improvements post 2017–18. The three-year-period U5MR (31/1000 live births) reported in the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) 2022 indicates that Bangladesh is likely to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3.1. Still, it would be unwise to remain assured by the recent decline in U5MR and overlook the prior stagnancies 18 . Instead, it is essential to understand this stagnancy and use that knowledge to prepare for possible future stagnancies.

The current knowledge on the stagnancy of U5MR is minimal. Studies elsewhere referred to weak health systems, large regional disparity, low maternal education, and short birth intervals as some of the key attributes of stagnant U5MR 19 . Although several studies looked at the predictors and causes of U5MR in Bangladesh during 2017–18, there is little research on the stagnancy of U5MR 20 , 21 , 22 . Indeed, knowledge of factors related to death and causes of death in Bangladesh is valuable, but it is also crucial to understand what inhibits the consistent reduction of U5MR. This knowledge will help to tailor relevant programmes and policies accordingly and save invaluable lives, leading Bangladesh to achieve SDGs and goals beyond that.

Further, the information will also be valuable for other lower-and middle-income countries facing similar health challenges and contribute to reducing the global burden of U5M. Hence, this research aimed to study the variation of the key sociodemographic and health-service-specific predictors in explaining the five-year period U5MR between 2011 and 2017–18. It also sought to explain the sluggish reduction or stagnancy of U5MR with the variations of these key predictors.

Methodology

Study design.

This study conducted a secondary data analysis of three nationally representative demographic and health surveys: BDHS 2011, 2014 and 2017–18. These surveys used a two-stage stratified random sampling method to select households with ever-married women aged 15–49 years. They were asked about their sociodemographic characteristics, health, healthcare utilisation and birth histories. This study only used the data relevant to their under-5 (U5) children in the birth, household and community data files. The Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) guideline was followed to merge these birth, household and community data using the unique identifiers in these files. Then, these three survey-specific merged files were appended to create the pooled sample for analysis 23 . Further details regarding the methodology of these three surveys can be found in the survey reports 16 , 17 , 24 .

Sample size

The sample size was 24,372 U5 children from 19,787 households for analyses involving sociodemographic variables. Health-service-specific information was unavailable for U5 children aged more than three years. Therefore, we also conducted additional analysis on children aged three years or younger, including both sociodemographic and health service-specific variables. The sample size for this analysis was 13,851 children from 13,261 households.

Based on the existing literature, a range of variables were primarily selected 11 , 20 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 . Mother’s participation in decision-making was considered a composite variable by combining mother’s participation in decisions on her own health care, large purchases for the household and visits to relatives 31 . The association of these variables with the outcome variable was examined using bivariate logistic regression. Variables with a p -value > 0.1 were excluded, except for four variables—survey year, birth assistant, mother’s body mass index (BMI) and place of delivery. These four variables were not excluded as these were the key variables from three domains related to child mortality—time, mother’s characteristics, and health services.

Outcome variable

Death of a child between birth and the fifth birthday, known as U5M, was the outcome variable in our study. This variable was considered as a binary (0 = alive, 1 = dead) variable.

Predictor variables

We considered predictor variables grouped into four categories.

Child and mother-specific predictors

As proximal predictors, child’s sex (male or female), birth type (singleton and twin or multiple) and age were child-specific predictors. Child’s age was divided into three categories: one year to less than five years, one month to 11 months and four weeks or younger.

Mother’s age (18 years or younger, 19 to 24 years, 25 to 30 years, and 31 years or above), BMI, education (no education, primary, secondary, and higher), exposure to television (exposed, not exposed), participation in decision making (no participation, some participation and good participation) were the five mother-specific predictors. A score of 0 (no participation) or 1 (some participation) was assigned based on mother’s participation in decision-making related to her own health care, large purchases for the household and visits to relatives. The scores of these three variables were combined, and an overall decision-making index was derived: 0 (no participation), 1 to 2 (some participation) and 3 (good participation). Mother’s BMI was categorised as normal weight (18.5 kg/m 2 to < 25 kg/m 2 ), underweight (< 18.5 kg/m 2 ) and overweight or obese (≥ 25 kg/m 2 ) 32 .

Father and household-specific predictors

Father’s education (no education, primary, secondary, and higher), household wealth quintile (poorest, poorer, middle, richer and richest), hand washing station (observed, not observed) and cooking fuel type (clean, not clean) were the four predictors in this category.

Community and time-specific predictors

Community access route (good, poor) and province/division of residence (Sylhet, Chittagong, Dhaka, Khulna, Rajshahi, Rangpur, Barisal, Mymensingh) were the community-specific predictors. Survey year (2011, 2014 and 2017–18) was the time-specific predictor.

Health service-specific predictors

Four health service-specific predictors were: number of antenatal care visits sought (none, one to three and four or more), birth assistant (medically trained, not medically trained), place of delivery (institutional, non-institutional) and post-natal care (received at least once, did not receive).

Data analysis and statistical methods

The design of the BDHS guided the analysis of the data. As the survey design suggests, multiple children from the same mother and from the same households were included in the survey. As a result, children from the same mother or same household could share similar mortality risks related to the same predictors. In other words, due to the hierarchical structure (i.e., mothers nested within households, households within communities) induced by the demographic and health survey design, the observations might not be independent. The null model estimated with household as the nesting level confirmed that there was a significant clustering effect at the household level. Thus, multilevel multivariable logistic regression was performed using two levels—the children (level 1) nested within the households (level 2). Mothers were not used as a clustering level because the correlation or clustering effect at the mother-level was not significant when both mother and household were included as levels in the null model. There was no significant clustering effect at the community level as well.

After selecting the levels for the clustering effect (the random intercepts), a series of multilevel bivariate logistic regressions were performed to estimate the unadjusted odds ratios for each predictor. In the next step, model 1 for the multilevel multivariable logistic regression was estimated, including all the child and mother-specific predictors together. Model 2 was estimated by adding the father and household-specific predictors to model 1. Model 3 was estimated by adding the community and time-specific predictors to model 2. Likelihood ratio tests were applied to determine if the models with a greater number of variables exhibited improved fit to the simpler models with fewer variables at a significance level of 5%.

Due to the unavailability of information on the selected health services for children aged between 3 + and five years, additional analyses were conducted on children three years or younger. These analyses helped in understanding the effect of health service-specific factors on the mortality of children aged three years or younger. The association between health services and child mortality in this group (N = 13,851) may be considered a proxy of the association between health services and U5 mortality (N = 24,372).

In the analyses of the three years or younger age group, all the predictors except for four health service-specific predictors were included in model 1. In model 2, the health service-specific predictors were added to the other predictors of model 1.

Subsequently, to examine if the adjusted mortality risks associated with the key predictors varied by survey periods, models included interaction terms as well. The year of the survey was interacted with selected predictors. Interaction terms were also used to examine the joint effect of selected pairs of key predictors on U5 mortality, highlighting potential moderation effects. Moreover, margins’ plots were produced to visualise the change in the adjusted mortality risks induced by moderating effects (e.g., year of survey moderating effect). The presence of multicollinearity was checked by estimating the variance inflation factors (VIF). All the estimated VIFs were < 3.5, denoting a very low likelihood of multicollinearity.

This study used STATA’s ‘svyset’ and ‘svy:’ commands to apply complex sample design parameters in estimating the weighted frequencies for the pooled and survey-specific samples. The weight variables were identical across all DHSs included in this study, and the method recommended by the DHS guideline for generating weight is also the same across these surveys 33 . Since there was little variation in weighted and unweighted sampling distributions, sampling weights were not applied for the multilevel mixed effects analysis.

Moreover, guides to the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS)- statistics are not congruent regarding their recommendation on the use of sampling weights for regression analysis, while some recommend not to apply weights in regression analysis 33 , 34 . A recent study on three DHSs in Malawi also reported no variation between the unweighted and weighted child mortality estimates 35 . Studies that applied multilevel models reported little variation, too 36 , 37 . In addition, the Demographic Health Surveys use a standardised sampling methodology, which allows cross-comparative analysis involving DHS data covering specific periods 38 . Hence, unweighted regression analysis on the data pooled from different surveys is applicable, and regression estimates from different surveys are comparable even if weights are not applied. Still, this study used ‘year of survey’ as a predictor variable to adjust for the effect of time/year of survey on the estimates. Other potential sources of variation from survey samples, such as households and individuals surveyed in each survey year, are captured and taken into account by the random effects involved in the multilevel modelling approach used in these analyses. Stata 17.0 statistical software (StataCorp. 2021. Stata Statistical Software: Release 17. College Station, TX: StataCorp LLC.) was used for all the statistical analyses.

Ethical considerations

ICF approved the access to the publicly available deidentified secondary data from the BDHS 2011, 2014 and 2017–18 surveys for conducting this study. As this study was conducted using non-sensitive secondary data, the Human Research Ethics Committee at the University of Canberra exempted this study from the ethics review process (reference number 11579).

Frequency distribution

Table 1 presents both weighted and unweighted frequency distributions (pooled sample) of the predictors included in the analysis. Supplementary Tables S1 and S2 present the survey-specific weighted and unweighted distributions of the predictors. However, the descriptions in the results section refer only to the unweighted proportions presented in Table 1 .

The proportion of deceased children was nearly 5% in the sample. Male children were more than the females, around 52%. Less than one percent of the children in the sample were twins. Around 76% of the under-5 children were 1–5 years old, and nearly 5% were four weeks old or younger.

The mean age of mothers during their childbirth was 23.6 (± 5.65) years. Forty-three percent of these children were born when their mothers were between 19 and 24 years old. Roughly 16% of these children were born to mothers 18 years or younger. About 14% of mothers did not attend school, and around 29% of them had primary education.

The proportion of fathers who did not attend school was higher than that of the mothers, roughly 23%. About eight percent of households did not have a handwashing station. Around 85% of mothers reported that their households were not using clean fuels. Approximately 1/4th of the community’s access road condition was poor. The proportion of children was around 31% in 2014. The rest were roughly equally distributed in the other two surveys.

Predictors of under-5 mortality

Table 2 presents the three multilevel multivariable models. Model 1 presents child and mother-specific predictors, while model 2 added father and household-specific predictors to model 1 as indicated previously. Model 3 included the community and time-specific predictors to model 2. The findings reported here refer to model 3, the best-fitted model according to the likelihood ratio test ( p < 0.05).

Twins or multiples were more likely to die than singletons (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 4.5; 95% CI:2.51, 8.08). Children younger than one year had a significantly higher risk of death compared to children aged between one year and less than five years. The risk was 7.09 (AOR: 7.09; 95% CI:5.71, 8.8) times higher among the one-month to 11-month-old children. It was substantially higher (AOR: 529.79; 95% CI:321.79, 872.24) among children aged four weeks or below, although this group was too small in sample size.

Maternal age 18 years or younger during childbirth was associated with the highest risk of U5 death compared to all other age groups. Compared to the mortality risk among the children of mothers 18 years or younger, the risk was 0.67 (AOR:0.67; 95% CI:0.53, 0.86) times lower when mother’s age was between 19 and 24 years, 0.39 (AOR:0.39; 95% CI:0.3, 0.52) times lower when mother’s age was between 25 and 30 years, and 0.69 (AOR:0.69; 95% CI:0.51, 0.94) times lower when mothers age was 31 years or above. Children of mothers who were underweight or overweight or obese during the survey had a 1.35–1.43 times higher risk of death compared to the children of mothers who were normal weight.

No education attainment of mothers was associated with the highest U5M risk compared to any education. Compared to no education, the risk was 0.63 (AOR:0.63; 95% CI:0.49, 0.83), 0.51 (AOR:0.51; 95% CI:0.38, 0.69) and 0.29 (AOR:0.29; 95% CI:0.18, 0.47) times lower when the mothers had primary, secondary, or higher education, respectively.

Father’s education had a similar protective effect as mother’s education had on U5M. The mortality risk was the highest when fathers did not have any formal education. Compared to no education, the risk was 0.7 (AOR:0.7; 95% CI:0.53, 0.92) and 0.62 (AOR:0.62; 95% CI:0.42, 0.94) times lower when fathers had secondary or higher education, respectively. The absence of a hand washing station in the household increased the U5 mortality risk by 1.53 (AOR:1.53; 95% CI:1.14, 2.04) times factor.

Compared to the children of Sylhet division, children from Barisal, Khulna, and Rangpur division exhibited a mortality risk that was 0.71 (AOR:0.71; 95% CI:0.5, 0.99), 0.56 (AOR:0.56; 95% CI:0.39, 0.8) and 0.53 (AOR:0.53; 95% CI:0.38, 0.76) times lower, respectively. The children surveyed in 2014 and 2017–18 displayed a slight and non-significant decrease in risk of death compared to those surveyed in 2011.

Supplementary Table S3 presents the analysis related to health service-specific predictors. None of the health service-specific predictors showed a statistically significant association with the mortality of children three years or younger. However, mortality risk was 0.66 times lower when mothers received any ANC. The risk of child death increased by 1.56 (AOR:1.56; 95% CI:0.61, 3.97) times when medically trained birth assistants did not attend the deliveries.

Predicted mortality risk along the timeline

Figures 1 , 2 , 3 and 4 portray the adjusted predicted probabilities of U5 mortality for eight key predictors in BDHS 2011, 2014 and 2017–18. Mortality risks in some groups showed an increasing trend over time. However, none of these increases was statistically significant.

Predicted probability of U5M by mother's age at childbirth and by mother's education (N = 24,372).

Predicted probability of U5M by mothers' BMI and by presence of hand wash facility (N = 24,372).

Predicted probability of U5M by road condition and by living area (region/division) (N = 24,372).

Predicted probability of U5M (3 years or younger) by ANC and by PNC (N = 13,851).

As depicted in Fig. 1 a, the risk of mortality associated with maternal age 18 years or below increased after 2014. The U5 mortality risk associated with no or primary education attainment for mothers also showed an increasing trend during the same period (Fig. 1 b). Figure 2 depicts the mortality risk by mothers’ BMI and the presence of hand washing stations in the household. After 2014, there was a moderate increase in the mortality risk of the children of overweight or obese mothers (Fig. 2 a). Among the U5 children from households with no hand washing station, the mortality risk gradually increased between 2011 and 2017–18 (Fig. 2 b). Figure 3 illustrates the mortality risks by condition of the access route in the community and by living area (region/division). After 2014, there was a moderate increase in the mortality risk associated with the poor condition of the community road (Fig. 3 a). During the same period, the mortality risk also slightly increased among the children of Sylhet, Rajshahi and Barisal divisions (Fig. 3 b).

Figure 4 a demonstrates that the mortality risks associated with no ANC utilisation and four or more ANC utilisation were roughly the same. Unexpectedly, the risk was higher when mothers received up to 3 ANCs than receiving no ANC. Similarly, as shown in Fig. 4 b, the mortality risk was lower when the child did not receive PNC compared to any PNC utilisation.

As stressed earlier, U5M is a multidimensional problem connected to multiple factors from multiple domains—our study findings also endorse this. Another key highlight of the current study is the rise in U5M risks associated with key predictors linked to different domains (Figs. 1 , 2 , 3 and 4 ). Although the rise in U5M risks related to the multiple factors did not reach statistical significance, Figs. 1 , 2 , 3 and 4 unequivocally illustrate the predicted trends associated with these risk factors, potentially explaining the stagnancy in child mortality reduction between 2014 and 2017–18 16 , 17 . Furthermore, the increasing trends associated with different risk factors are multidimensional in nature, and that makes the task of reducing U5M even more complicated and arduous.

Childbearing at or before 18 years is one of the crucial risk factors identified in our study (Table 2 and Fig. 1 a). Finlay et al. 39 reported similar findings. However, they did not report the trend of the U5M risk associated with a mother’s young age at childbirth, whereas our study also reports the trend. The risk of giving birth to low-birthweight and preterm babies is higher among adolescent mothers 40 . Preterm and low birth weight babies are prone to further complications and may die unless required care is provided 41 . Although the change was not significant, our analysis showed that the U5M risk associated with mothers aged 18 or younger increased after 2014. This possibly indicates the sluggish pace of child marriage reduction influenced by the weaknesses in the implementation of strategies to prevent child marriage in rural areas of Bangladesh 42 . Weaknesses in the implementation of policies and strategies may lead to a rise in child marriage in areas where people are not motivated enough against early marriage. Further, this rise may indicate the inadequacy of family planning services provided to newly married couples through public health facilities in rural areas 43 . The health literacy and cultural beliefs of the other family members may also be playing a negative role. To explore further, we used wealth index and mother’s education as interaction terms with mother’s age separately (Supplementary Figs. S4 and S5 ). Poverty and lack of education both aggravated the U5M risk among children born to mothers 18 years or younger. This is also expected as poverty and lack of education are independent risk factors of U5M 44 , 45 .

Parental education was identified as another key predictor in our study. A global systematic review and meta-analysis reported that U5M was 0.69 times lower when the children were born to mothers with 12 years of education compared to the children of mothers with no education. When fathers had similar education, U5M was 0.83 times lower than their counterparts 44 . Our study reports a higher impact of parents’ similar-level (12 years) education on their child’s health. The impact of good education on a person, neighbourhood, society, and country is multifaceted 46 . At the personal level, educational attainment creates employment opportunities and helps achieve financial security, which is essential for parents to keep their children healthy 47 . Our findings are congruent with earlier studies and imply that robust implementation of evidence-based, focused interventions to improve parental education has high prospects of reducing U5M.

Mother’s BMI is another mother-specific predictor our study found to have a strong association with U5M. The association of a mother being overweight or obese with U5M is already established, and the finding of this study corroborates that. Furthermore, our study also reports the trend of this risk (Fig. 2 a, non-significant but moderate increase between 2014 and 2017–18), which is scant in the existing literature. Based on the data representing nine Asian countries, a study reported that the odds of dying among the children of overweight mothers were 1.48 (95% CI: 1.23, 1.78) times higher compared to the children of mothers with a normal BMI 48 . A population-based cohort study in Sweden also reported similar findings 49 . A meta-analysis of 22 cohort studies reported that infants of overweight or obese mothers had a significantly higher risk of mortality compared to the infants of mothers with normal BMI 28 . Our study revealed a similar association between U5M and mothers’ overweight or obesity. Yang et al. 50 reported that complications like gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) preterm birth are higher among mothers with a BMI higher than normal. These complications are also established risk factors for child mortality. Children of mothers with GDM have a higher risk of congenital malformation, preterm babies are more prone to infections due to underdeveloped immune systems, and these explain the association between maternal overweight or obesity and U5M 51 , 52 .

The significant association between maternal underweight and U5M in the current study is also rational and corroborated by other studies. Numerous research documented the risk of underweight mothers giving birth to preterm or low birth weight babies but did not report a trend of the risk 53 , 54 . Besides estimating the risk, our study also reports a non-significant but slightly increasing trend of the risk between 2014 and 2017–18 in Bangladesh (Fig. 2 a). Due to underdeveloped growth, preterm or low birth weight newborns are vulnerable to many complications, and therefore, these neonates are at a higher risk of dying 51 . Worldwide, around 18% of all U5 deaths in 2019 were attributable to prematurity and associated complications 55 . However, contrary to the findings of our study, Khashan & Kenny reported a non-significant association between mothers being underweight and U5M 53 .

Our study highlights two child-specific risk factors—twin or multiple birth and neonatal and post-neonatal age groups among the U5 children. According to this study, twins or multiples had a significantly higher risk of death compared to singletons. Studies elsewhere reported similar findings 25 , 56 . Association of complications like preterm birth, low birth weight, anaemia, growth problems, birth defects, and twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome with multiple pregnancies has long been established 57 , 58 . Therefore, women pregnant with twins or multiples need extra medical care to prevent potential adverse health outcomes for them and their babies 58 . However, although the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended seeking the first ANC by the 3rd month of gestation, the median gestational age of Bangladeshi women when they first sought ANC was 4.7 months per the 2017–18 BDHS 16 , 59 . Moreover, the preparedness of the health facilities to provide ANC was low, and only 18% of women received the recommended six components of quality ANC in the 2017–18 survey period 60 , 61 . These aspects help in explaining the higher mortality risk among twin or multiple-birth children.

Younger age of under-5 children was another key child-specific risk factor identified in our study. Studies reflecting geographical and time trends showed a slower reduction in neonatal and post-neonatal mortality compared to children aged 1 to 4 years 62 . This means mortality risk was higher among the younger children and our study reports the same. A recent study highlighted that access to good quality lifesaving interventions is crucial for neonatal survival 63 . However, the Bangladesh Health facility Survey 2017 reported that only 11% of the health facilities performed the recommended seven basic emergency obstetric and neonatal care signal functions 64 . Given the inadequacy of recommended maternal and neonatal health services, higher mortality risk among neonates was inevitable.

None of the health service-specific predictors had any significant association with U5 mortality in our study. The outcome of receiving ANC was similar to receiving no ANC, while the significant association between ANC and U5M has long been established 65 , 66 . However, this indistinguishable impact is probably associated with two factors—quality of ANC and delayed ANC uptake. Firstly, coverage of good quality ANC is still low in Bangladesh 60 , 61 . Secondly, Bangladeshi women often take their first ANC after the recommended time frame 16 .

Like ANC, PNC also had an indistinguishable impact from no PNC uptake. We need to interpret this considering the health facilities’ lack of readiness to provide required care 21 . In line with these, studies also reported that the quality of post-natal services required improvement 67 . Therefore, PNC would barely have an impact that is indistinguishable from a lack of PNC uptake.

Lastly, hand washing stations appeared to be a significant household-specific predictor of child mortality in our study. A study conducted in Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Uganda, and Tanzania documented hand washing with soap as one of the top four interventions that together prevented child mortality by at least 75% 68 . In the current study, we used only the availability of hand washing stations in the household as a proxy 27 . Arguably, the presence of a handwashing station in the household itself indicates improved knowledge regarding hand hygiene and willingness to wash hands. Hence, the relationship between the absence of hand washing stations and a higher risk of child mortality that our study identified is expected. An interaction between mother’s education and the presence of a hand washing station revealed that the U5M risk was the highest when mothers had no education and lived in a household with no hand washing station (Supplementary Fig. S6 ). Although the risk was not significantly higher (not statistically significant) than the other groups, this finding highlights the importance of improving handwashing practices for U5M reduction.

Strengths and limitations

This study has strengths across its national representativeness, the three survey periods it covered, its multilevel multivariable analysis method, and the moderation effects tested to unravel the sources of stagnancy. Addressing the clustering effects, it examined the U5M situation in the MDG and SDG periods to provide evidence-based recommendations. While most literature is limited to reporting the risks related to different predictors, this study also reports the change in the risks over time (Figs. 1 , 2 , 3 and 4 ). This evidence and recommendations have the potential to contribute to the prevention of future stagnancies, as well as an accelerated U5MR reduction for achieving SDG 3.2.1 and goals beyond SDGs. Alongside these, the graphical presentation of the change in mortality risks (visualisation of moderation effects) is engaging and easily interpretable for the readers.

Our study acknowledges some limitations, too. Firstly, the study used repeated cross-sectional data, and conditions like mothers’ BMI, hand wash facilities, joint decision-making, socioeconomic conditions, etc., might not have been the same in some households when the U5 child died. Secondly, it was not possible to establish a temporal relationship between the factors and outcomes due to the cross-sectional nature of the data. Thirdly, healthcare-related data for children born in the last three years (57% of all U5 children) was used as a proxy for the health services of all U5 children. Still, as children aged below one year are more vulnerable to U5 deaths, this study provides crucial insights for preventing U5M. Fourthly, there was a possibility of recall bias among mothers reporting information on health services utilisation, e.g., the number of ANCs received.

Our study aimed to unravel the underlying causes behind the stagnancy of U5M in Bangladesh between 2014 and 2017–18, filling a gap in the limited existing knowledge in this area. The findings of this research reiterate the complex nature of U5M, a multidimensional health issue and, therefore, a crucial indicator of a country’s overall progress. In summary, the study elucidates that the rise (although non-significant) in mortality risks attributable to low maternal education, maternal age 18 years or below, mother’s overweight or obesity, and absence of a handwashing station within the household were some of the key contributors to the stagnant U5MR between 2014 and 2017–18. Poverty and low education attainment aggravated the U5M risks in these groups. Additionally, the impact of both ANC and PNC was insignificant and did not deliver as expected. Furthermore, some divisions showed an increasing trend of U5M risk. The convergence of these factors was responsible for a higher mortality risk in some groups and resulted in the stagnancy of U5M.

Given the interconnections among the identified risk factors related to U5M, it is crucial to implement robust strategies that enable consistent monitoring and necessary adjustments of relevant policies and programmes. In terms of maternal and neonatal healthcare, ensuring compulsory use of ANC and PNC cards during service provision and strict monitoring of this practice by health facility managers may improve the quality of these health services. Although the national guidelines recommend using ANC and PNC cards during all ANC and PNC services, this recommendation is not adequately followed 60 , 69 . To further strengthen the adherence to ANC and PNC card use, the service providers could facilitate robust monitoring of these services; scanned copies of the used ANC and PNC cards with service recipients’ signatures can be shared with the upazila/sub-district, division and national-level managers/supervisors.

Finally, harmonised improvement in implementation, monitoring and adjustment of policies and programmes related to preventing adolescent pregnancy, improving maternal education, mother’s nutrition, hand hygiene, and quality and coverage of maternal and child health services is crucial for effectively reducing U5M. Upazila Hospital Management Committee meetings could serve as a platform to foster harmony in health promotion and interventions across the aforementioned areas at the upazila level. This committee includes members representing local government, health facility, law enforcement, development partners, local media, community and other relevant stakeholders at different tiers of the upazila 70 . The Upazila Hospital Management Committee can discuss the implementation of the interventions, challenges, and possible cooperation strategies to overcome the obstacles and achieve expected outcomes to facilitate harmonised improvement in areas that affect U5M. The committees below the administrative tiers of the upazila level can apply similar approaches to promote this harmony at the lower administrative tiers 70 .

Data availability

The datasets analysed during the current study are available on the Demographic and Health Surveys program website ( https://dhsprogram.com/data/available-datasets.cfm ).

Abbreviations

Antenatal care

Adjusted odds ratio

Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey

Body mass index

Confidence interval

Demographic and Health Survey

Gestational diabetes mellitus

Millennium Development Goal

Postnatal care

Sustainable Development Goal

Under-5 mortality

Under-5 mortality rate

Variance inflation factor

World Health Organization

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Demographic and Health Surveys Program for providing access to the BDHS datasets.

This research is a part of T.M.’s PhD studies, which did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Tapas Mazumder, Itismita Mohanty, Danish Ahmad & Theo Niyonsenga

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T.M., I.M., D.A. and T.N. conceived the research, finalised the methodology and managed the required resources for conducting the research. With the supervision of I.M., D.A. and T.N., T.M. performed data curation, analyses and visualisation and developed the first draft of the manuscript. I.M., D.A. and T.N. critically reviewed the manuscript and provided feedback. T.M. addressed this feedback and finalised the manuscript for submission. All authors approved the revised content of the manuscript.

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Mazumder, T., Mohanty, I., Ahmad, D. et al. An explanation of the stagnant under-5 mortality rate in Bangladesh using multilevel, multivariable analysis of three Demographic and Health Surveys. Sci Rep 14 , 19823 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-69924-0

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Conservation of Forest Essay
The conservation of forest essay is a useful learning resource for kids to understand the value of forests and wildlife. Forests are important to us. They provide air and water, absorb carbon dioxide, protect us from natural disasters, and house many of our wild animals. Hence, it is our duty to conserve them. Due to human activities, the world ...

Essay on Nature

Essay on Nature in 150-250 words

Introduction :

The Beauty and Diversity of Nature

Nurturing Life and Ecosystems

Physical and Mental Well-being

Inspiration and Spiritual Connection

Environmental Challenges and the Need for Conservation

Cultivating a Connection with Nature

Conclusion :

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Threats to Nature

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The Diversity of Life

Ecosystem Services and Benefits

Threats to Biodiversity

Conservation Strategies

Indigenous Knowledge and Practices

The Role of Technology

Nature-Based Solutions

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Essay on Conservation of Nature

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