short essay on green revolution in india

Green Revolution Essay for Students and Children

Green revolution essay.

Green Revolution is actually the process of increasing agricultural production by using modern machines and techniques. It was a scientific research-based technology initiative performed between 1950 and the late 1960s, that increased agricultural production worldwide, particularly in the developing world, beginning most markedly in the late 1960s. It used HYV seeds, increased use of fertilizer and more technical methods of irrigation to increase the production of food grains.

Green Revolution in India

In India Green Revolution commenced in the early 1960s that led to an increase in food grain production , especially in Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh. Major milestones in this undertaking were the development of high-yielding varieties of wheat. The Green revolution is revolutionary in character due to the introduction of new technology, new ideas, the new application of inputs like HYV seeds, fertilizers, irrigation water, pesticides, etc. As all these were brought suddenly and spread quickly to attain dramatic results thus it is termed as a revolution in green agriculture.

Statistical Results

A record grain output in 1978-79 around 131 million tons occurred due to the Green Revolution. Hence, it made India as one of the world’s biggest agricultural producer. In India Green Revolution recorded a high level of success. India also became an exporter of food grains around that time.

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Economic Results

Crop areas under this project needed more water, more fertilizers , more pesticides, and certain other chemicals. This increased the growth of the local manufacturing sector. Increased industrial growth created new jobs and contributed to the country’s GDP . The increase in irrigation created the need for new dams to harness monsoon water. The stored water was used to create hydro-electric power. All of this resulted in industrial growth, created jobs and improved the quality of life of the people in villages.

Sociological Results

This new technology used frequent application of water, fertilizers, insecticides , larger volumes of transportation, electricity, etc. Not only the agricultural workers but also industrial workers got plenty of jobs because of the creation of facilities such as factories, hydro-electric power stations, etc. to back up the revolution.

Political Results

One of the most important factors that made Mrs. Indira Gandhi (1917-1984) and her party the Indian National Congress, a very powerful political force in India is this Green Revolution. India transformed itself from a starving nation to an exporter of food. This gave India admiration and appreciation from all over the world, especially from the Third world country.

Disadvantages of the Green Revolution

The negative social effect of the Revolution was also soon visible. Disparities in income have been widened by these innovations in agriculture. Rich landlords have control over the agricultural input and improved chemical fertilizers. The worst part is that the poor farmers found themselves handicapped by small farms of land and inadequate water supply. With complete agricultural techniques and inputs, the Green revaluation tended to have its most concentrated application on large farms.

As a concentration of the new technology to large farms, the Inequalities have further Increased. The poor farmers have been adversely affected by a growing tendency among the rich farmers to reclaim land previously leased out under tenancy agreement, which has been made profitable by higher returns from new technology.

The poor and backward class of farmers has been increasingly pushed into the rank of the landless laborer. A drastic increase in a higher level of rent with land value soaring. Also because of excessive use of fertilizers soil started to become alkaline or acidic depending upon the nature of the fertilizer used.

India has made a huge achievement in term of the Green Revolution, as it has provided an unprecedented level of food security. It has pulled a large number of poor people out of poverty and helped many non-poor people avoid the poverty and hunger they would have experienced had it not taken place. This revolution has saved over a billion people all over the world from famine.

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Green Revolution Essay in 100, 200, and 500 Words

Updated on
Feb 26, 2024

Norman Borlaug, an American Agronomist, is regarded as the father of the Green Revolution. His scientific methods of introducing modern agricultural techniques allowed the world to sustain agricultural production. In India, M.S. Swaminathan is known as the father of the green revolution.

Green Revolution essay requires you to write compelling details about its history, early developments, modern techniques used, how it helped with production, etc. In this article, we will discuss some samples of Green Revolution essays.

Table of Contents

1 Green Revolution Essay in 100 Words
2 Green Revolution Essay in 200 Words
3.1 Green Revolution in India
3.2 Challenges and Concerns

Master the art of essay writing with our blog on How to Write an Essay in English

Green Revolution Essay in 100 Words

‘Agriculture is one of the most popular essay topics in school and higher education. Several reasons make agriculture an important point of discussion, as it forms the basis of economic, social, and environmental aspects of countries. A country with a surplus amount of agricultural production not only sustains its population but also exports products to different countries.

Major developments in the agricultural sector started in the 1950s when modern technologies to increase production were introduced. However, an American agronomist, Norman Borlaug , changed the entire agricultural market, by introducing the Green Revolution. In India, it was Dr. M.S. Swaminathan, who is credited with the development of agricultural production and was given the title of the Father of Green Revolution in India.’

Also Read: Essay on Cleanliness for School Students

Green Revolution Essay in 200 Words

‘Green revolution refers to the introduction of modern technologies to increase agricultural productivity. The credit for the Green Revolution is given to Norman Borlaug , who, in the 1960s, conducted multiple studies to increase farm productivity. Norman’s research focused on two aspects; to increase agricultural production and enhance the food quality.

Agricultural production is the primary source of food for humans and various other animals. It provides a diverse range of crops, livestock, and other food products necessary for sustaining human life. A reliable and sufficient agricultural sector is essential for ensuring food security and preventing hunger.

In India, M.S. Swaminathan is regarded as the Father of the Green Revolution. His scientific methods and studies allowed India to increase its agricultural production and become a sustainable country. Swaminathan’s efforts also contributed to India’s economic growth. In India, more than 50% of the population is employed in agriculture or related occupations. These people were able to extract natural resources to their full potential with the modern techniques introduced by MS Swaminathan.

Today, India is the largest producer of milk, pulses, and jute. Not only this, India is the second largest producer of rice, wheat, sugarcane, groundnut, vegetables, fruit, and cotton. The Green Revolution was a transformative phase in the history of India and the world, where agricultural production was able to sustain the entire population.’

Also Read: Essay on Save Trees: Trees for Generations

Green Revolution Essay in 500 Words

‘The Green Revolution was the period of agricultural transformation where modern approaches were introduced for high-yielding crop varieties, advanced agricultural technologies, and improved management practices. The real game changer was Norman Borlaug, who developed high-yielding varieties of wheat that were resistant to diseases, adapted to different climates, and responsive to fertilizers. His efforts earned him the title of ‘Father of the Green Revolution.’

The high-yielding crop varieties, coupled with the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, revolutionized farming methods. Simultaneously, mechanization and irrigation practices were also developed, which played a crucial role in enhancing productivity. These developments transformed the farmers from traditional, subsistence-oriented practices to intensive, commercially driven agriculture.

Green Revolution in India

In India, the situation was quite different. India is naturally blessed with the most fertile land on the earth, which allows us to grow two types of crops on the same soil. The cropping pattern in India is different into different groups; Rabi, Kharif, and Zaid. An Indian Agroscientist, MS Swaminathan, took on the arduous task of introducing modern techniques and high-yielding varieties of wheat and rice.

To support the high-yielding varieties, there was a simultaneous effort to expand irrigation facilities across the country. The construction of dams, canals, and tube wells helped ensure a more reliable water supply for crops, reducing dependence on monsoon rains.

The Green Revolution promoted the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides to enhance soil fertility and protect crops from pests and diseases. This approach aimed at maximizing yields through intensive agricultural practices.

One of the primary achievements of the Green Revolution was a substantial increase in agricultural productivity. India transformed from a food-deficient nation to achieving self-sufficiency in food production, particularly in wheat and rice.

The increased production of food grains contributed significantly to improving food security in the country. The availability of staple crops increased, leading to a more stable food supply and reduced dependence on imports.

The Green Revolution had positive economic implications. Increased agricultural productivity contributed to rural development, reduced poverty, and provided a foundation for overall economic growth.

Challenges and Concerns

The Green Revolution also had some negative effects. The intensive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides raised environmental concerns, leading to issues such as soil degradation, water pollution, and loss of biodiversity.

Social and economic disparities emerged due to the uneven distribution of land and other resources. Large landowners and farmers with access to resources benefited more than small and marginal farmers, contributing to social and economic disparities.

The expansion of irrigation, particularly through groundwater extraction, led to concerns about the depletion of water resources in certain regions.

The emphasis on high-yielding varieties of a limited number of crops, primarily wheat and rice, has led to concerns about the lack of crop diversity and its impact on long-term sustainability.

The Green Revolution was a game-changer in agriculture and its related activities. It generated employment, made countries self-sustained, introduced modern technologies, and several others. But there were certain challenges also which cannot be overlooked. Therefore, it is important to have a more realistic and environmentally sustainable approach for making agricultural production.

Also Read: Essay on Beat Plastic Pollution for School Students

Ans: The Green Revolution was the period of agricultural transformation where modern approaches were introduced for high-yielding crop varieties, advanced agricultural technologies, and improved management practices. The real game changer was Norman Borlaug, who developed high-yielding varieties of wheat that were resistant to diseases, adapted to different climates, and responsive to fertilizers. His efforts earned him the title of ‘Father of the Green Revolution.’

Ans: M.S. Swaminathan is the father of the Green Revolution in India.

Ans: The Green Revolution refers to agricultural transformation by the introduction of high-yielding crop varieties. M.S. Swaminathan introduced the Green Revolution in 1965. On the other hand, the White Revolution refers to the production of milk and other dairy products. Verghese Kurian is regarded as the father of the White Revolution in India.

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Shiva Tyagi

With an experience of over a year, I've developed a passion for writing blogs on wide range of topics. I am mostly inspired from topics related to social and environmental fields, where you come up with a positive outcome.

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Green Revolution

Green revolution [latest news].

The Green Revolution (a term used for rapid increases in wheat and rice yields in developing countries brought about by improved varieties combined with the expanded use of fertilizers and other chemical inputs) has had a dramatic impact on incomes and food supplies in many developing countries.

Green Revolution In India PDF Download PDF Here

Green Revolution In News (MS Swaminathan Passes Away)

MS Swaminathan, the Father of the Indian Green Revolution, passed away on 28 September 2023, in Chennai aged 98. To know more about M S Swaminathan, ( August 7, 1925) the father of the Green Revolution in India, kindly check the linked article.

The term green revolution was first used by William Gaud. Norman Borlaug is considered the Father of the Green Revolution.

In the year 1965, the government of India launched the Green Revolution with the help of a geneticist, now known as the father of the Green Revolution (India) M.S. Swaminathan . The movement of the Green Revolution was a great success and changed the country’s status from a food-deficient economy to one of the world’s leading agricultural nations. It started in 1967 and lasted till 1978.

Aspirants must go through all important agricultural revolutions that have taken place, for the IAS Exam preparation:

This article shares details on the Green Revolution, its meaning and features, and how there has been a boost in agricultural production efficiency because of the green revolution in India. You will also know about various schemes under the Green Revolution in India.

The Green Revolution within India led to an increase in agricultural production, especially in Haryana, Punjab, and Uttar Pradesh. Major milestones in this undertaking were the development of a high-yielding variety of seeds of wheat and rust-resistant strains of wheat.

Knowledge of the Green Revolution in India is important from the point of view of various competitive exams. Candidates preparing for bank exams, SSC, RRB, Insurance exam, or other Government exams must keep abreast with the Green Revolution as questions related to this topic are asked in the general awareness section of the exams.

Aspirants of the UPSC exam should understand the Green Revolution topic for Static GK section and Geography GS I Paper.

Table of Contents:

Aspects of Green Revolution in India

High Yielding Varieties (HYV)
Mechanization of Agriculture
Use of Chemical Fertilizers and Pesticides

The Green Revolution is referred to as the process of increasing agricultural production by incorporating modern tools and techniques. Green Revolution is associated with agricultural production. It is the period when agriculture of the country was converted into an industrial system due to the adoption of modern methods and techniques like the use of high yielding variety seeds, tractors, irrigation facilities, pesticides, and fertilizers. Until 1967, the government majorly concentrated on expanding the farming areas. But the rapidly increasing population than the food production called for a drastic and immediate action to increase yield which came in the form of the Green Revolution.

The method of green revolution focused on three basic elements, that are:

Using seeds with improved genetics (High Yielding Variety seeds).
Double cropping in the existing farmland and,
The continuing expansion of farming areas

Schemes Under Green Revolution (India)

Prime Minister Narendra Modi approved the Umbrella Scheme Green Revolution – ‘Krishonnati Yojana’ in the agriculture sector for the period of three years from 2017 to 2020 with the Central Share of Rs. 33,269.976 crore.The Umbrella scheme Green revolution- Krishonnati Yojana comprises 11 Schemes under it and all these schemes look to develop the agriculture and allied sector in a scientific and holistic manner so as to increase the income of farmers by increasing productivity, production, and better returns on produce, strengthening production infrastructure, reducing the cost of production and marketing of agriculture and allied produce. The 11 schemes that are part of the Umbrella Schemes under the Green revolution are:

MIDH – Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture – It aims to promote the comprehensive growth of the horticulture sector, enhance the production of the sector, improve nutritional security, and increase income support to household farms. This mission was undertaken to establish production clusters and hubs to encourage the development of infrastructural facilities for processing, post-harvest management, and exports.
NFSM – National Food Security Mission – This includes NMOOP – National Mission on Oil Seeds and Oil Palm. The aim of this scheme is to increase the production of wheat pulses, rice, coarse cereals and commercial crops, productivity enhancement, and area expansion in a suitable manner, enhancing farm level economy, restoring soil fertility and productivity at the individual farm level. It further aims to reduce imports and increase the availability of vegetable oils and edible oils in the country.
NMSA – National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture – the aim is to promote sustainable agriculture practices that are best suitable to the specific agro-ecology focusing on integrated farming, appropriate soil health management, and synergizing resource conservation technology. It also strives to minimise farmers’ agricultural costs through sustainable integrated organic farming systems, hence increasing farmers’ net income per unit of land, and producing chemical-free and nutritious food for human consumption in a sustainable manner.
SMAE – Submission on Agriculture Extension – this scheme aims to strengthen the ongoing extension mechanism of State Governments, local bodies, etc. achieving food security and socio-economic empowerment of farmers, to forge effective linkages and synergy amongst various stakeholders, to institutionalize program planning and implementation mechanism, support HRD interventions, promote pervasive and innovative use of electronic and print media, interpersonal communication, and ICT tools, etc.
SMSP – Sub-Mission on Seeds and Planting Material – This aims to increase the production of quality seed, upgrade the quality of farm-saved seeds and increase SRR, strengthen the seed multiplication chain, and promote new methods and technologies in seed production, processing, testing, etc., to strengthen and modernize infrastructure for seed production, storage, quality, and certification, etc.
SMAM – Sub-Mission on Agricultural Mechanisation – aims to increase the reach of farm mechanization to small and marginal farmers and to the regions where availability of farm power is low, to promote ‘Custom Hiring Centres’ to offset the adverse economies of scale arising due to small landholding and high cost of individual ownership, to create hubs for hi-tech and high-value farm equipment, to create awareness among stakeholders through demonstration and capacity building activities, and to ensure performance testing and certification at designated testing centres located all over the country.
SMPPQ – Sub Mission on Plant Protection and Plan Quarantine – the aim of this scheme is to minimize loss to quality and yield of agricultural crops from insects, pests, weeds, etc., to shield our agricultural bio-security from the incursions and spread of alien species, to facilitate exports of Indian agricultural commodities to global markets, and to promote good agricultural practices, particularly with respect to plant protection strategies and strategies.
ISACES – Integrated Scheme on Agriculture Census, Economics, and Statistics – this aims to undertake the agriculture census, undertake research studies on agro-economic problems of the country, study the cost of cultivation of principal crops, fund conferences, workshops, and seminars involving eminent agricultural scientists, economists, experts so as to bring out papers to conduct short term studies, improve agricultural statistics methodology and to create a hierarchical information system on crop condition and crop production from sowing to harvest.
ISAC – Integrated Scheme on Agricultural Cooperation aims to provide financial assistance for improving the economic conditions of cooperatives, remove regional imbalances, to speed up cooperative development in agricultural processing, storage, marketing, computerization, and weaker section programs; ensuring the supply of quality yarn at reasonable rates to the decentralized weavers and help cotton growers fetch a remunerative price for their produce through value addition.
ISAM – Integrated Scheme on Agricultural Marketing – this scheme aims to develop agricultural marketing infrastructure; to promote innovative technologies and competitive alternatives in agriculture marketing infrastructure; to provide infrastructure facilities for grading, standardization, and quality certification of agricultural produce; to establish a nationwide marketing information network; to integrate markets through a common online market platform to facilitate pan-India trade in agricultural commodities, etc.
And, NeGP-A – National e-Governance Plan aims to bring farmer-centric & service-oriented programs; to improve access of farmers to information and services throughout the crop-cycle and enhance the reach and impact of extension services; to build upon, enhance and integrate the existing ICT initiatives of the Centre and States; to enhance efficiency and effectiveness of programs through providing timely and relevant information to the farmers for increasing their agriculture productivity.

Green Revolution (Features)

Introduced High Yielding Variety seeds in Indian agriculture.
The HYV seeds were highly effective in regions that had rich irrigation facilities and were more successful with the wheat crop. Therefore, the Green Revolution at first focused on states with better infrastructure such as Tamil Nadu and Punjab.
During the second phase, the high yielding variety seeds were given to other states, and crops other than wheat were also included in the plan.
The most important requirement for the high yielding variety seeds is proper irrigation. Crops grown from HYV seeds need good amounts of water supply and farmers could not depend on monsoon. Hence, the Green Revolution has improved the irrigation systems around farms in India.
Commercial crops and cash crops such as cotton, jute, oilseeds, etc were not a part of the plan. Green revolution in India mainly emphasized food grains such as wheat and rice.
To enhance farm productivity green revolution increased the availability and use of fertilizers, weedicides, and pesticides to reduce any damage or loss to the crops.
It also helped in promoting commercial farming in the country with the introduction of machinery and technology like harvesters, drills, tractors, etc.

Aspirants of any competitive exams can check the important links given below to boost their preparation:

Impact of Green Revolution in India

Green Revolution has remarkably increased Agricultural Production. Foodgrains in India saw a great rise in output. The biggest beneficiary of the revolution was the Wheat Grain. The production increased to 55 million tonnes in the early stage of the plan itself.
Not just limited to agricultural output the revolution also increased per Acre yield. Green Revolution increased the per hectare yield in the case of wheat from 850 kg per hectare to an incredible 2281 kg/hectare in its early stage.
With the introduction of the Green revolution, India reached its way to self-sufficiency and was less dependent on imports. The production in the country was sufficient to meet the demand of the rising population and to stock it for emergencies. Rather than depending on the import of food grains from other countries India started exporting its agricultural produce.
The introduction of the revolution inhibited a fear among the masses that commercial farming would lead to unemployment and leave a lot of the labour force jobless. But the result seen was totally different there was a rise in rural employment. The tertiary industries such as transportation, irrigation, food processing, marketing, etc created employment opportunities for the workforce.
The Green Revolution in India majorly benefited the farmers of the country. Farmers not only survived but also prospered during the revolution their income saw a significant rise which enabled them to shift from sustenance farming to commercial farming.

Besides the positive impact, the revolution had a gloomy side too. Some of the negative effects of the Green Revolution are stated below:

Retardation of agricultural growth due to inadequate irrigation cover, shrinking farm size, failure to evolve new technologies, inadequate use of technology, declining plan outlay, unbalanced use of inputs, and weaknesses in credit delivery system.
Regional dispersal of the evolution created regional inequalities. The benefits of the green revolution remained concentrated in the areas where the new technology was used. Moreover, since the revolution for the number of years remained limited to wheat production, its benefits were mostly accrued only to wheat-growing areas.
Interpersonal inequalities between large and small scale farmers. The new technologies introduced during the revolution called for substantial investments which were beyond the means of a majority of small farmers. Farmers having large farmlands continued to make greater absolute gains in income by reinvesting the earnings in farm and non-farm assets, purchasing land from the smaller cultivators, etc.

Knowledge of the Green revolution, Schemes under the Green revolution its aspects, features, and impact are important for various exams, especially the most coveted UPSC exam. Candidates can also read about the agricultural revolutions in India in the linked article.

FAQ about Green Revolution

Who started green revolution in india, what were the high yielding variety crops concentrated during green revolution, what was the aim of green revolution in india, what is the conclusion of green revolution in india, what are five major benefits of green revolution.

Major benefits that accrue to green revolution are:

Increase in Agricultural Production
Prosperity of Farmers
Reduction in import of food-grains
Capitalistic Farming
Ploughing back of profit
Industrial Growth
Rural Employment

Candidates can find out what are the topics in the UPSC Exams by visiting the UPSC Syllabus page. For more preparation materials they can refer to the links given in the table below.

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Green Revolution

Last updated on October 15, 2023 by ClearIAS Team

The green revolution was an important turn point for Indian agriculture. Read here to know more about the history and impact of the green revolution.

The Green Revolution in India was initiated in the 1960s by introducing high-yielding varieties of rice and wheat to increase food production to alleviate hunger and poverty.

Table of Contents

History of the Green revolution

The Green Revolution can be described as a set of research technology transfer initiatives. It gained momentum between 1950 and the late 1960s which increased agricultural production in parts of the world, beginning most markedly in the late 1960s.

It is also called Third Agricultural Revolution after the Neolithic Revolution and the British Agricultural Revolution.

The Green Revolution was an endeavor initiated by Norman Borlaug in the 1960s. He is known as the ‘Father of Green Revolution in the world.

It led to him winning the Nobel Peace Prize in 1970 for his work in developing High Yielding Varieties (HYVs) of wheat.

The word “Green Revolution” was coined by William S. Gaud of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) in 1968.

Mexico has been called the ‘birthplace’ and ‘burial ground’ of the Green Revolution. The initial success of the program was due to:

high yield plants without disease resistivity
adaptability, and ability to utilize fertilizers;
improved use of soils,
adequate fertilizers, and control of weeds and pests; and
a favorable ratio between the cost of fertilizers (and other investments) to the price of the produce

Mexico became the showcase for extending the Green Revolution to other areas of Latin America and beyond, into Africa and Asia.

Green revolution in India

The advent of the green revolution in India happened in 1961 when the country was on the brink of famine.

Norman Borlaug was invited to India by the adviser to the Indian Minister of Agriculture Dr. M. S. Swaminathan.

S Swaminathan is known as the Father of the Green Revolution in India.

Under the leadership of Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri , the Green Revolution within India commenced in 1968, leading to an increase in food grain production, especially in Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh.

The state of Punjab was selected by the Indian government to be the first site to try the new wheat seeds because of its reliable water supply.

This Wheat Revolution increased wheat production by more than three times between 1967-68 and 2003-04.

India began its own Green Revolution program of plant breeding, irrigation development, and financing of agrochemicals.

Indian Agriculture was converted into an industrial system due to the adoption of modern methods and technology such as the use of HYV seeds, tractors, irrigation facilities, pesticides, and fertilizers.

India soon adopted IR8 a semi-dwarf rice variety developed by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) that could produce more grains of rice per plant when grown with certain fertilizers and irrigation.

By 2006, India had become one of the world’s most successful rice producers.

Components of the green revolution

Quantitative expansion of farming areas
Double cropping systems, that is to have two crop seasons per year.
Water now came from huge irrigation projects as dams were built and other simple irrigation techniques were also adopted.
Using seeds with superior genetics as new strains of high-yield variety seeds were developed.

The main crops were Wheat, Rice, Jowar, Bajra, and Maize. Non-food grains were excluded from the ambit of the new strategy. Wheat remained the mainstay of the Green Revolution for years.

Positive effects of the green revolution

Increase in crop production: The crop area under high-yielding varieties of wheat and rice grew considerably making India one of the world’s biggest agricultural producers.
Self-sufficiency: The import of goof grains reduced as India became self-sufficient in food grains, rather India started exporting at times.
Availability: The per capita net availability of food grains has increased.
Benefits to farmers: The level of income of farmers increased as agricultural productivity improved. It promoted capitalist farming as big land owners profited the most.
Industrialization: The large-scale mechanization of farms created a demand for machinery like tractors, harvesters, threshers, combines, diesel engines, electric motors, pumping sets, etc. Demand for chemical fertilizers, pesticides, insecticides, weedicides, etc. also increased considerably.
Agro industries: Several agricultural products came to be used as raw materials in various industries giving rise to agro-based industries.
Employment: The demand for labor force increased rural employment, and the industrial workforce at the same time.

Negative effects

Impact on ecology

Indigenous seeds did not have the inherent ability to withstand the chemical fertilizers used hence they started dying out of usage.
The newly introduced high-yielding seeds had a narrow genetic base compared to the indigenous species.
The overuse of chemical fertilizers to get high yield caused physical and chemical degradation of the soil by altering the natural microflora and increasing the alkalinity and salinity of the soil.

Impact on other food crops

Non-food grains were not included- major commercial crops like cotton, jute, tea, and sugarcane were also left almost untouched by the Green Revolution.
The High Yielding Variety Programme (HYVP) was restricted to only five crops: Wheat, Rice, Jowar, Bajra, and Maize.
The green revolution impacted only a few states creating economic disparity among regions.

Impact on farmers

The excessive use of groundwater for irrigation depleted the water table in many parts of the country.
Eventually, small farmers sold their lands to large commercial farmers as they were unable to withstand the increasing expenses of farming and debts.
Many farmers left farming unable to withstand the food inflation and economic crisis.

Impact on food consumption and nutrition

The per capita net availability of other cereal grains such as millets and pulses decreased over the years.
This led to the change in the consumption pattern over the years and the shift in focus from the minor cereals and pulses to the major cereals, rice and wheat.
The consumption of major cereals such as rice and wheat along with pulses and a decrease in the addition of coarse cereals, foods of animal origin, and fruits and vegetables in the diet lead to a deficiency of micronutrients such as iron, zinc, calcium, vitamin A, folate, and riboflavin among the population causing anemia, keratomalacia, blindness, and infertility in severe cases.

Green Revolution – Krishonnati Yojana

The government of India introduced the Green Revolution Krishonnati Yojana in 2005 to boost the agriculture sector.

The government through the scheme plans to develop the agriculture and allied sector in a holistic & scientific manner to increase the income of farmers.

It comprises 11 schemes and missions under a single umbrella scheme:

Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH)
National Food Security Mission (NFSM)
National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA)
Submission on Agriculture Extension (SMAE)
Sub-Mission on Seeds and Planting Material (SMSP)
Sub-Mission on Agricultural Mechanization (SMAM)
Sub-Mission on Plant Protection and Plan Quarantine (SMPPQ)
Integrated Scheme on Agriculture Census, Economics, and Statistics (ISACES)
Integrated Scheme on Agricultural Cooperation (ISAC)
Integrated Scheme on Agricultural Marketing (ISAM)
National e-Governance Plan in Agriculture (NeGP-A)

The green revolution pulled India out of a major food crisis and provided unprecedented food security. The success story helped the country achieve self-sufficiency and even an export market of food grains.

But the negative impacts on the environment and lack of knowledge on heavy-duty chemical fertilizers among Indian farmers weren’t taken into account, which led to failures towards the end of it.

The advantages of indigenous crops should be realized and they should be revived as food security must also ensure the nutrition security of the nation.

Proper planning and intensive collaborative research work should be initiated by the stakeholders for the conservation of the traditional varieties and the inclusion of these varieties and practices into the food and nutrition security plans for the nation owing to their nutritional benefits.

The impact on ecology and the water table must be specially focused upon.

Genetically Modified Crops and Regulations in India
Green Agriculture

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Green Revolution Essay

Essay on Green Revolution

The Green Revolution is the way toward expanding rural creation by utilizing current machines and strategies. It was a logical exploration-based innovation activity performed in 1950 and the last part of the 1960s, that expanded rural creation around the world, especially in the creating scene, starting most extraordinarily in the last part of the 1960s. It utilized HYV seeds, expanded utilization of compost, and more specialized strategies for the water systems to build the creation of food grains. This Green Revolution Essay will help us understand the benefits and impacts of the movement in different sectors.

The Green Revolution in India started somewhere around the mid-1960sand it prompted an expansion in the creation of food grain, particularly in the areas of Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh. Significant achievements of this included the improvement of high-yielding assortments of wheat. The Green transformation is said to be progressive due to the presentation of innovations, new thoughts, new ideas and the new use of information sources like HYV seeds, composts, water system water, pesticides, etc.

In India, the results of the Green Revolution are significant as India has an agricultural-based economy. It is, therefore, easier to understand the effects of the movement better through the results that we interpret from the statistics in India.

Economic Results

Harvest zones required more water, more manures, more pesticides, and certain different synthetics. And this expanded the development of the nearby assembling division. Modern development made new openings and this added to the nation's GDP. The put-away water was utilized and this made up to make hydro-electric force. This brought about mechanical development, made new positions. The Green Revolution has significantly contributed to every country's GDP where it has taken place.

The Green Revolution has helped a lot of the needy people out of destitution, and have also helped numerous other individuals dodge the neediness and yearning they would have encountered had it not happened.

Green Revolution in India

The Green Revolution started in the mid-1960s that prompted an expansion in food grain creation, particularly in Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh. Significant achievements in this endeavour were the improvement of high-yielding assortments of wheat. The Green transformation is progressive because of the presentation of innovation, novel thoughts, the new use of information sources like HYV seeds, composts, water system water, pesticides, and so forth. As all these were brought out of nowhere and spread rapidly to accomplish sensational outcomes in this way, it is named as an upset in green agribusiness. The essay on Green Revolution provides details behind this movement and its significant outcomes along with the disadvantages faced by every country due to this movement. In India, these results are a bit more significant as India is an agricultural-based country by nature. Hence, we can understand the effects of the movement better through the results that we interpret from the statistics in India.

Harvest zones under this task required more water, more manures, more pesticides, and certain different synthetics. This expanded the development of the nearby assembling division. Expanded modern development made new openings and added to the nation's GDP. The expansion in the water system made the requirement for new dams to bridle rainstorm water. The put-away water was utilized to make hydroelectric force. The entirety of this brought about mechanical development, made positions, and improved the personal satisfaction of the individuals in towns. The Green Revolution has significantly contributed to every country's GDP where it has taken place.

Disadvantages

The negative social impact of the Revolution was likewise soon obvious. Variations in salary have been enlarged by these developments in agribusiness. Rich landowners have power over the agrarian info and improved compound composts. The most noticeably awful part is that the helpless ranchers ended up crippled by little homesteads of land and lacking water gracefully. With complete agrarian strategies and sources of info, the Green revolution would, in general, have its most focused application on huge ranches.

As a centralization of the innovation to enormous ranches, the Inequalities have additionally Increased. A developing inclination has antagonistically influenced the helpless ranchers among the rich ranchers to recover land recently rented out under-occupancy understanding, which has been made productive by more significant yields from an innovation.

Poor people and the lower class of farmers have been progressively driven into the position of the landless worker—an uncommon increment in a more elevated level of the lease with land esteem taking off. Additionally, because of extreme utilization of composts soil began to become soluble or acidic, relying on the idea of the manure utilized.

Short Paragraph on Green Revolution

The essay of Green Revolution alludes to a critical increment in the volume of horticultural creation and efficiency through a selection of better quality seeds, substance manures, pesticides, and bug sprays, and guaranteed water system offices during a brief timeframe. During the mid-sixties, this HYV innovation was embraced in Indian farming to help with the creation of food grains.

This new agrarian improvement technique was first supported by the Ford Foundation, and it was specifically executed in 16 agronomically created regions. This program was first known as the Intensive Agricultural Development Program (IADP). The IADP was altered in the year 1964-65, and another plan Intensive Agricultural Area Program (IAAP) was actualized. The fundamental elements of the new methodology are:

(I) High Yielding Variety seeds

(ii) Chemical composts

(iii) Pesticides

(iv) Insecticides

(v) Assured water system offices and

(vi) Better social practices.

The program has been impressively altered with the progression of time and now the dry territories and the bumpy zones have now been secured under the new farming technique. In this short paragraph on Green Revolution, we come to know about the principal methodologies used behind this movement.

The Green Revolution has pulled countless needy individuals out of destitution and helped numerous non-needy individuals dodge the neediness and yearning they would have encountered had it not occurred. This upset has spared over a billion people everywhere in the world from starvation.

FAQs on Green Revolution Essay

1. Define AGRA, with context to this essay?

The Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa, which was set up in 2006, is an African based foundation that puts the smallholder ranchers at the centre point of the developing economy of the mainland by changing the agribusiness from a small single business to a business that will flourish. This change is only possible through reasonable efficiency increments and allowance of inventive accounts and markets to accomplish the potential of agribusiness dependably to make it an alternative to youth work creation.

2. What are the advantages of the Green Revolution, according to this essay?

The harvest index was one progress that was made in plant advances due to the Green Revolution, which indicates the over the ground weight of the harvest. During the Revolution, plants with the biggest seeds were utilized to make the most creation conceivable. Following this cycle of specific rearing, the bigger the seeds were, the more grain could be developed with each harvest. The over the ground crops at that point lead to an expansion in photosynthate assignment for the yield itself. The yields had the option to photosynthesize more effectively by boosting the seed of the plant.

3. What is IADP?

The intensive Agricultural Development Program (IADP) was altered in the year 1964-65, and a new plan, the Intensive Agricultural Area Program (IAAP) was actualized. The main elements of this new methodology are:

The High Yielding Variety seeds;

The Chemical composts;

The use of Pesticides;

Use of Insecticides;

Assured water system offices and

Better social practices.

This program was altered with, and according to the progression of time.

4. Mention some negative effects of the Green Revolution.

Negative effects are as follows:

There have been variations in salary by these developments in the agribusiness. The helpless ranchers ended up crippled by little homesteads of land and lacking water. With complete agrarian strategies and sources of information, the Green revolution would have its most focused application on huge ranches where the Inequalities have additionally Increased. Poor people and the lower class of farmers have been progressively driven into the position of the landless worker, an uncommon increment in a more elevated level of the lease with land esteem taking off. Due to the extreme utilization of compost, the soil began to become soluble or acidic, relying on the idea of the manure utilized.

5. Where can I get study notes on the Green Revolution essay?

Essay writing is important and it is also necessary to be able to practice some of the important questions and sample essays. The online portal, Vedantu.com offers important questions along with answers and other very helpful study material on essays of The Green Revolution, which have been formulated in a well structured, well researched, and easy to understand manner. These study materials and solutions are all important and are very easily accessible from Vedantu.com and can be downloaded for free.

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The Green Revolution and Its Benefits in India

Categories: Green Revolution India

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Green Revolution Essay for Students in English

January 17, 2022 by Sandeep

Essay on Green Revolution: The beginning of the 1960’s witnessed enormous growth in food production in India, particularly in northern regions like Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh. New varieties of high-yielding crops increased with innovation in technology, better seeds, irrigation practices, and farm pesticides. A massive record of 131 million tons output was gained during this period, referred to as the Green Revolution. Mrs. Indira Gandhi’s consistent efforts and the Indian National Congress Party-led to this revolution.

Green Revolution Essay

“Food is the moral right of all who are born into this world.” – Norman Borlaug

The Green Revolution took place in the 1950’s and 1960’s. It was extremely popular in developing countries, including India. It is said to be founded by the administrator, M. S. Swaminathan. The Green Revolution changed the way agriculture was carried out and practised. It made farming an industry. There was the introduction of High Yielding Variety seeds, irrigation facilities, tractors, fertilizers and other forms of mechanization.

The areas that benefited the most and produced the highest agricultural crop of rice and wheat in India included Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh. Because of the green revolution, the country had an abundant amount of food grains and did not have to depend on imports from other countries anymore.

Essential Components of the Green Revolution

High Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds were considered the single most prominent contribution of the green revolution. These seeds were highly responsive to chemical fertilizers and grew at the double speed. Their leaves were much more expansive, thus enhancing the process of photosynthesis. They could resist wind damage, and the maturing cycle for the crops was significantly shortened.

Because of the irregular and unseasonal rainfall nature in India, a system of proper irrigation became very vital for farmers. The importance of groundwater rather than surface water was emphasized. Groundwater was made available at all times to a farmer by the use of a pump or a tube well. Other significant contributions to the green revolution include insecticides and pesticides, rural electrification, agricultural universities, etc.

Impact of the Green Revolution

Due to the green revolution, India doubled its crop production. Wheat was the only crop that tripled in its production. The green revolution is also regarded as grain revolution and wheat revolution in India. Because of such mass production, farmers could reap the profits of commercialization, and they became prosperous with increased earnings. India became self-sufficient in food grains and not only had it stopped importing, but it had also become eligible for export.

Even after the population increased, the country’s per capita net availability remained appropriate. Due to farming at such a large scale with various specialised inputs, new industries could flourish. Newer industries and factories were set up to meet the increasing demand for insecticides, weedicides, chemical fertilizers, etc. There was a fear in people that the jobs of labour would be cut due to the shift to mechanization, but instead, the green revolution made it possible for more than 15 lakh Indians to get job opportunities because of the multiple cropping patterns.

The green revolution made it possible to keep the economy’s food prices low. The demand and supply phenomenon generally controls prices for a particular good in a nation. Because the stock with the help of HYV seeds was always so high, there was abundant food available for everyone, so prices remained low.

Essay on Green Revolution

The term Green Revolution is used to express the introduction of new farming techniques like high yielding seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, use of farm equipments like tractors, farm tools and other machineries. Green Revolution has increased the production of crops and has also improved its quality. Introduced to the world in 1950s by Norman Borlaug and the Ford Foundation, it has proved extremely helpful for developing nations like India, Africa and Brazil etc.

Short and Long Essay on Green Revolution in English

We have provided below short and long essay on Green Revolution for your information and knowledge. The essays have been written in simple yet effective English language so that you can easily memorize all the vital information and also present the same when required. After going through these essays, you will know what green revolution means, who is the father of green revolution in world, who is considered the father of green revolution in India, effects of Green Revolution, and advantages and disadvantages of green revolution etc. The essays will be helpful in your school/college assignments and competitions like speech giving, essay writing or debate.

Green Revolution Essay 1 (200 Words)

Green Revolution began in the world sometime into 1950s and reached India in early 1960s; though, its prominent effects were only visible by the late 1960s.

The Government of India under the Prime Minister Sri Lal Bahadur Shastri invited a bunch of experts sponsored by the Ford foundation to study India’s agriculture scenario and suggest methods for its improvement. In 1959 the team submitted the report titled “India’s Food Crisis and the Steps to meet it”.

The report suggested modernization of agriculture sector with introduction of new farm techniques, farming equipments, fertilizers, credit system and pesticides etc.

Based on the suggestion provided in the report, the Government of India introduced Intensive Area Development Program (IADP) in 1960, only in seven selected districts of India. They were West Godavari in Andhra Pradesh; Raipur in Chhattisgarh; Shahabad in Bihar; Aligarh in Uttar Pradesh; Pali in Rajasthan and Thanjavaur in Tamil Nadu.

In these places high yielding varieties of rice and wheat were introduced with fertilizers and pesticides. The results were extremely overwhelming causing an increase in not only the crop yield but also its quality as well.

This new strategy was put into widespread use in India during the Kharif season of 1966. It was named as the High Yielding Varieties Program (HYVP).

Green Revolution Essay 2 (300 Words)

Introduction

Green Revolution is a term used to express the transfer of technology, in the agriculture field that took place in late 1960s. It opened new horizons of scientific methods into agriculture, resulting in better and more reliable crop yield. Green Revolution mainly helped the developing nations meet their food requirements and strengthen the condition of farmers.

Green Revolution in India

Green Revolution in India refers to the adoption of new farm techniques such as the use of high yielding variety (HYV) seeds, irrigation facilities, tractors, fertilizers, pesticides etc.

An Indian Geneticist and administrator M.S. Swaminathan a.k.a Mankombu Sambasivan Swaminathan is considered as the father of Green Revolution in India.

It was under his guidance and supervision that High Yielding Varieties of rice and wheat started being cultivated in India. The vision of M.S. Swaminathan was to get the world rid of hunger and poverty.

Swaminathan actually termed it as “Evergreen Revolution” and advocated sustainable development, sustainable agriculture, food security and elimination of hunger and poverty.

The Green Revolution in India commenced sometime in 1958 and tremendously benefited the farmers of Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh, by introducing high yielding varieties of wheat and rice.

Other practices of Green Revolution in India includes infrastructure of irrigation, use of pesticides, fertilizers, insecticides, herbicides etc. It also opened way for Indian land reforms and improvement of rural infrastructure.

Green Revolution in India was extremely helpful to the farming community apart from improving the condition of farmers and boosting the economy of the nation. Industrial development, better village infrastructure, employment generation, food security, improved financial condition of farmers, more and better crop yield are only few of the many advantages of Green Revolution.

Green Revolution Essay 3 (400 Words)

Green Revolution refers to a phenomenal change in the method of agriculture production that happened in the late 1960s. It was basically a technology sharing initiative which involved use of High Yielding Varieties (HYV) of Cereals, chemical fertilizers, water supply methods and mechanical equipments. Green Revolution was highly beneficial for the developing countries and resulted in better yield, better quality of produces among other advantages.

Effects of Green Revolution

1) Increase in Production

The methods adopted in the Green Revolution resulted in extremely favorable conditions for the crop to grow. Use of chemic fertilizers, pesticides and other chemicals ensure that the crop faces less threat from pests and grows continuously without any hindrance.

2) Food Security

More crop yield and more resilience of crops towards changes in climate, pests and other threats have resulted in food security in the countries where Green Revolution is being practiced. Greater crop yield means less people sleep hungry and the nutritional demand of everyone is met.

3) Scientific Practices

The most important effect of Green Revolution is the practice of scientific methods rather than traditional methods in agriculture. Farmers are now using High Yield Variety (HYV) of seeds instead of traditional farm seeds. Also, traditional fertilizers are replaced by chemical fertilizers, boosting the yield.

4) Industrial Development

Green Revolution has led to industrial development, generating more employment and boosting economy. Industries producing fertilizers, pesticides, agricultural machinery, insecticides are set up in the country where green revolution is being practiced.

5) Confident Farmers

Today the farmers have become more confident than before as their yield has become more and more independent of external factors; thanks to the global warming. Farmer of today knows that he will be able to produce good quality of crops by adopting new techniques and also that the produces are safe from pests and insects. This has caused a phenomenal change in the confidence of farmers and has also let them think out of the box.

Green Revolution is a big name in the agriculture industry and has helped the developing countries a lot to meet their food requirements and also boost their economical statistics. Apart from resulting in more and better crop yield, the green revolution has also resulted in improving the social and economical condition of the farmers. Farmer, who is a part of Green Revolution, is more confident of his yield and its quality as well as of his own financial condition.

Green Revolution Essay 4 (500 Words)

The term “Green Revolution” is used to describe a global technology transfer initiative also termed as Transfer of Technology (TOT) that took place in 1960s in the field of agriculture. It immensely benefitted the developing countries during that time like Mexico, Brazil, Africa and India. Green Revolution paved way for the adoption of new technology in agriculture, leading to its industrialization.

Advantages of Green Revolution

Sharing of technology in the field of agriculture had many advantages including high yield per area, better quality of crops, and controlled water supply for irrigation among others. Some of the advantages of Green Revolution are stated below.

1) More Crop Yield per Area

Adaptation of new farming technologies and chemical fertilizers, tractors, pesticides etc have resulted in more crop yield over a particular area. Today, the world over, 20% more crops are being produced than what is required by the world’s population. This has been made possible only due to the changes brought by the Green Revolution.

2) Consistent Yield

Green Revolution has caused the yield to be consistent making it more resilient towards seasonal changes. Before the green revolution crops would depend highly on seasonal conditions and even a minor shift in rain or other conditions would considerably reduce the yield. But, thanks to the green revolution, due to the adoption of new farming techniques and support system, yield today is less dependent on climatic conditions.

3) Poverty Reduction

Green Revolution reduces the poverty levels in the country where it is practiced. Adoption of new farming techniques continuously generates new employment opportunities in agriculture and related sectors. Also the increase in the crop yield helps in tackling the hunger situation domestically.

Disadvantages of Green Revolution

Despite having numerous advantages, Green Revolution also has its own disadvantages as discussed below.

1) Harmful to Biodiversity

Green Revolution has opened up way for the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Though, they are beneficial for the crops, they are not good for the biodiversity of the region. The chemicals got washed into the natural water resources such as ground water, streams, lakes etc and pose a threat to the existence of flora and fauna. Some of the highly susceptible species of fish and animals have known to be declined because of the use of chemical fertilizers.

2) Health Hazards

Green Revolution poses a health hazard to humans due to exposure to harmful chemical fertilizers and pesticides. A direct exposure to chemicals used in farming, added by a lack of safe farming practices could lead to some of the most deadly diseases like cancer. Reportedly, over 20,000 people are killed globally because of over exposure to chemicals and also for not wearing masks.

Green Revolution brought a significant change in the world agriculture industry. It helped the developing countries a lot by improving their yield and the quality of it. Still, there is a need to regularly improve Green Revolution if we have to cope with the changing times

Money essay, music essay, importance of education essay, education essay, newspaper essay, my hobby essay.

Green Revolution in India Advantages, Impacts, Achievements

Green Revolution in India started in the year 1965. Green Revolution had significant impact in agriculture in India. Green Revolution in India for UPSC. Short notes on Green Revolution, pdf.

Table of Contents

What is Green Revolution?

The rapid gains in wheat and rice yields in developing nations caused by improved varieties and increased fertiliser and other chemical input use are known as the “Green Revolution,” which has had a significant influence on incomes and food supplies in many of these nations. William Gaud coined the phrase “green revolution,” and Norman Borlaug is regarded as its founder due to which he was honoured with Nobel Prize in 1970 for developing High Yielding Verities of Wheat.

Green Revolution in India

Green Revolution in India is the process of boosting agricultural output using contemporary methods and instruments. The Green Revolution is related to agricultural output. It was during this period that the nation’s agriculture was transformed into an industrial system by the adoption of modern agricultural practices such as the use of high-yielding seed varieties, tractors, irrigation systems, herbicides, and fertilizers.

Up until 1967, the government’s main focus was on enlarging the agricultural areas. However, the rapidly growing population demanded drastic and fast action to enhance yield, which manifested itself in the form of the Green Revolution.

Father of Green Revolution in India

In the year of 1965, the Indian Indian initiated the Green Revolution under the supervision of a geneticist, who is also known as the father of the Green Revolution in India M.S. Swaminathan . Revolution within India led to an increase in food grain production, mostly in the regions of Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh. A major landmark in this undertaking was the development of high-yielding varieties (HYV) seeds of wheat, and rust resistant strains of wheat. Personalities and Institutions recognized for their efforts during the Green Revolution in India are,

Main Architect and the Father of Green Revolution in India – M.S. Swaminathan
Political Father of Green Revolution and the Food and Agriculture Minister – Chidambaram Subramaniam
Father of Wheat Revolution – Dilbagh Singh Athwal
IARI – Indian Agricultural Research Institute

Important Schemes Related to Green Revolution in India

Green revolution in india’s history.

The Bengal Famine, which occurred in 1943 and was the worst food crisis ever recorded, caused an estimated 4 million people to die of starvation in eastern India. Even after independence in 1947, the government’s focus on enlarging the agricultural lands persisted until 1967. However, the rate of population growth was outpacing the rate of food production. To boost yield, an immediate and dramatic intervention was required. The Green Revolution served as the catalyst for the action.

With the assistance of a geneticist also known as the Father of The Green Revolution (India), M.S. Swaminathan , the Indian government began the Green Revolution in 1965. The country’s status was transformed from one of the world’s leading agricultural nations as a result of the green revolution, which was a huge success.

It began in 1967 and continued until 1978. The term “green revolution” in India refers to a time when contemporary agricultural practices and technology, such as the use of HYV seeds, tractors, irrigation systems, pesticides, and fertilizers, transformed Indian agriculture into an industrial system. India’s Green Revolution increased agricultural output, particularly in Haryana, Punjab, and Uttar Pradesh.

Green Revolution in India Objectives

The Green Revolution in India has several specific characteristics.

Growth in the size of agricultural areas
Double cropping systems, or the practice of growing crops twice a year.
Due to the construction of dams and the adoption of other basic irrigation techniques, water was now obtained from extensive irrigation projects.
Using high-yield variety seeds that were generated from new strains of seeds with enhanced genetics.

Wheat, rice, jowar, bajra, and maize were the principal crops. Grain products other than food were not included in the new strategy’s scope. For many years, wheat remained the foundation of the Green Revolution.

Green Revolution in India: Positive Effects

In 1978–1979, a tremendous increase in crop production led to a grain output of 131 million tonnes, making India one of the largest agricultural producers in the world. The area of crops planted with high-yielding wheat and rice varieties increased significantly during the Green Revolution. India was able to become self-sufficient in food grains and occasionally even had enough stock in the central pool to export grains. Additionally, there are now more food grains available per person on a net basis.

The Green Revolution’s introduction assisted farmers in increasing their level of revenue. Farmers invested their extra money back into their fields to increase productivity. The major farmers who had more than 10 hectares of land gained the most from this revolution because they made significant financial investments in HYV seeds, fertilizer, machinery, etc. It supported capitalist farming as well.

Large-scale farm mechanization brought about by the Green Revolution in India increased demand for several equipment types, including tractors, harvesters, threshers, combines, diesel engines, electric motors, pumping sets, etc. Additionally, there was a significant growth in demand for chemical fertilizers, herbicides, insecticides, pesticides, etc. Agro-based industries are those that utilize a variety of agricultural products as raw materials.

Due to fertilizer use and multiple cropping, there was a noticeable increase in the need for labourers. The Green Revolution produced a large number of jobs for both industrial and agricultural employees by building connected facilities including factories and hydroelectric power plants.

Impacts of Green Revolution in India

Although the revolution has benefited all food grains, including wheat, rice, jowar, bajra, and maize, other crops including coarse cereals, pulses, and oilseeds have been excluded. Major cash crops including sugarcane, cotton, jute, tea, and cotton were also largely unaffected by the Green Revolution. Only five crops were allowed under the High Yielding Variety Program (HYVP): maize, wheat, rice, jowar, and bajra. Therefore, the new method did not apply to non-food grains. The HYV seeds in the non-food crops either hadn’t been developed yet or weren’t good enough for farmers to take a chance on using them.

Growing regional and international economic imbalances are a result of the Green Revolution’s technological advancements. Only 40% of the overall cultivated area has been impacted thus far, while 60% is still unaffected. Punjab, Haryana, and western Uttar Pradesh in the north, and Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu in the south, are the region’s most severely impacted.

The Eastern region, which includes Assam, Bihar, West Bengal, and Orissa, as well as the dry and semi-arid regions of Western and Southern India, has rarely been affected. Only those places that were already in a better position agriculturally were impacted by the Green Revolution. Thus, the Green Revolution has caused the issue of regional inequality to worsen.

Pesticides and synthetic nitrogen fertilizers were widely used during the Green Revolution to improve irrigation systems and crop types. To inform farmers about the substantial risk involved with the intensive use of pesticides, however, very little or no effort was taken. Typically, uneducated farm labourers sprayed pesticides on crops without taking any safety precautions or following any instructions. Crops suffer more harm than benefit from this, and they also pollute the environment and soil. The crops which were developed at the time of the green revolution required a lot of water.

The majority of these crops, which are cereals, use roughly 50% of the water used by the human body. Groundwater levels were depleted as a result of the introduction of canal systems and irrigation pumps that drained groundwater out of the ground to irrigate crops like rice and sugarcane that require large amounts of water.

The nutrients in the soil were depleted by repeated crop cycles meant to ensure higher crop yield. Farmers used more fertilizer to fulfil the need for new varieties of seeds. The use of these alkaline compounds caused the pH level of the soil to rise. Beneficial pathogens were eliminated by toxic chemicals in the soil, which further decreased production.

Farm mechanization brought about by the Green Revolution led to widespread unemployment among agricultural labourers in rural areas, with the exception of Punjab and to a lesser extent Haryana. The poor and labourers who were without land were most negatively impacted. Numerous serious ailments, such as cancer, renal failure, stillbirth, and birth deformities, were caused by the extensive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.

Green Revolution in India Achievements

There have been numerous cropping pattern adjustments and agricultural advancements in India as a result of the country’s green revolution.

Farmers today enjoy wealth thanks to the Green Revolution. Agriculture is thought of as a lucrative profession. The demand for consumer products has surged in Punjab. In Punjab, the standard of living has increased. All crops, including wheat, rice, cotton, gram, maize, and bajra, have increased per hectare production. Better seeds are the cause. The Green Revolution has had a significant impact on industry development. Industries have been put up that produce agricultural equipment like tractors, diesel engines, combines, threshers, and pumping sets.

Production growth is the Green Revolution’s primary accomplishment. 33.89 lakh tones of cereal grains were produced in 1965–1966. The output increased to 119 lakh tones in 1980–1981 The rural masses now enjoy wealth thanks to the green revolution. Bumper crops have given rural populations work options. Their quality of life has improved. The need for labour rose as a result of multiple cropping and excessive usage of chemical fertilizers. A severe labour shortage is seen during the sowing and harvesting seasons. Consequently, the green revolution has created jobs.

Second Green Revolution in India

The first Green Revolution was initiated with the objective of eradicating food scarcity in India whereas the second Green Revolution focuses on the Sustainability of Agriculture with the adoption of scientific and organic modes of agricultural practices with an objective of tackling the challenges as

Food Inflation
Crop Productivity
Environmental Hazards
Manure, Fertilizers and Biocides
Agriculture Marketing

The government has taken several steps to tackle these issues, Krishi Vigyan Yojana, Operation Green, eNAM, National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA), Kisan Credit Card (KCC), Per Drop More Crop Initiative, Har Medh Par Ped, PM Kisan Sampada Yojana (Food Processing) etc.

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Green Revolution in India FAQs

Who is started green revolution in india.

M S Swaminathan is referred as the father of Green Revolution in India as he founded it. He was inspired from the initiative of Norman Borlaug.

Who comes Green Revolution in India?

In India, the Green Revolution was mainly led by M.S. Swaminathan. The Green Revolution resulted in a significant increase in production of food grains (especially wheat and rice) due to the introduction into developing countries of new, high-yielding variety seeds, beginning in the mid-20th century.

What did the Green Revolution do for India?

The green revolution led to high productivity of crops through adapted measures, such as increased in the area under farming, double-cropping method, which includes planting two crops rather than one, annually, adoption of HYV of seeds, highly increased use of inorganic fertilizers and pesticides, and improved cropping pattern

Where was the Green Revolution introduced in India?

The Green revolution started in India started with its introduction in Punjab in 1966. It was part of a development program that was registered by the government of India along with international donor agencies.

Q. Was Green Revolution a success in India?

The Green Revolution yielded great economic productivity during its early years. In Punjab, where it was first introduced, the Green Revolution led to significant increases in the state’s agricultural growth, supporting India’s overall economy.

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Green Revolution: Reasons, Time, Method, Results

A short note on Green Revolution in India

Table of Contents

Overview of Green Revolution: Reasons, Time, Method, Results

◇ bengal famine:.

The world’s worst recorded food disaster, happened in 1943 in British-ruled India, known as the Bengal Famine. It is estimated around four million people died of hunger that year alone in eastern India (that included today’s Bangladesh).

◇ Reasons of Bengal Famine:

The initial theory put forward to explain that catastrophe was that there was an acute shortfall in food production in the area. However, Indian economist, Amartya Sen (recipient of the Noble Prize for Economics, 1998) has established that while food shortage was a contributor to the problem, a more prominent factor was the result of hysteria related to the World War II which made food supply a low priority for the British rulers. The hysteria was further exploited by Indian traders who hoarded food in order to sell at higher prices.

◇ Steps taken for remedy:

So, after India got freedom, it was natural that food security was a paramount item on free india’s agenda. This awarness led, on one hand, to the Green Revolution in India and, on the other, legislative measures to ensure that businessmen would never again be able to hoard food for reasons of profit.

◇ The Period of Green Revolution:

However, the term ‘Green Revolution’ is applied to the period from 1967 to 1978. Between 1947 and 1967,efforts at achieving food self-sufficiency were not entirely successful. Efforts until 1967 largely concentrated on expanding the farming areas.

But starvation deaths were still being reported in the newspaper. It might be assumed that population was growing at a much faster rate than food production. This prompted the action in the form of ‘Green Revolution’. The term ‘Green Revolution’ is a general one that is applied to successful agricultural experiments in many third world country. But we can say that it was most successful in India.

◇ The methods used in Green Revolution:

There were three basic methods used in Green Revolution —

1. Continued expansion of farming areas:

From 1947, there was always an initiative to increase the area of land under cultivation. But this was not enough in meeting with rising demand. So, there was always an effort to increase the quantitative expansion of farmlands under Green Revolution.

2. Introduction of double-cropping:

Double-cropping was the primary feature of the Green Revolution. Instead of one crop season per year, the decision was made to have two crop seasons per year. As there was one natural monsoon, another artificial monsoon came in form of huge irrigation facilities. Dams were built to arrest large volumes of natural monsoon water which were earlier being wasted. So irrigation system was enforced with positivity under Green Revolution.

3. Using seeds with superior genetics:

This was the scientific aspect of the Green Revolution. The Indian Council for Agricultural Research (which was established by the British in 1929) was reorganized in 1965 and then again in 1973. It developed new strains of high yield value (HYV) seeds, mainly wheat and rice but also millet and corn. The credit for developing this strain goes to Dr. M. P. Singh who is also regarded as the hero of India’s Green Revolution.

◇ Results of the Green Revolution:

* The Green Revolution resulted in a record grain output of 131 million tons in 1978-1979. This established India as one of the world’s biggest agricultural producers. No other country in the world which attempted the Green Revolution recorded such level of success. India also became an exporter of food grains around that time. * Per unit of farmland was improved by more than 30 percent between 1947 and 1979 when the Green Revolution was considered to have delivered its goods.

* The crop area under high yield value (HYV) seed varieties grew from 7 percent to 22 percent of the total cultivated area during the 10 years of the Green Revolution.

* Crop areas under high yield varieties needed more water, more fertilizer, more pesticides, fungicides and more other chemicals. This spurred the growth of the local manufacturing sector. Such industrial growth created new jobs and contributed to the country’s GDP.

* The development of irrigation created need for new dams to arrest monsoon water. This stored water was used to create hydro-electric power. This in turn boosted industrial growth.

* India became capable enough to pay back loans taken from the World Bank taken for the purpose of the Green Revolution. This improved India’s credibility in the eyes of the lending agencies.

* Some developed countries, like Canada which were facing a shortage in agricultural labour, were impressed by the results of India’s Green Revolution. So these countries asked the Indian Government to supply them with farmers experienced in the methods of the Green Revolution. So many experienced farmers from Punjab and Haryana were sent to foreign countries and this helped India’s foreign exchange earnings.

* India transformed itself from a starving nation to an exporter of food. This earned admiration for India in the comity of nations, especially in the Third World.

◇ Limitations of the Green Revolution:

•However, the Green Revolution was impressive one, but it has not succeeded in making India totally and permanently self-sufficient in food. Still India had to import onions, wheat, sugar in different times after the Green Revolution.

• India has failed to extend the concept of high-yield value seeds to all crops or all regions. In terms of crops, it remain largely confined to food grains only, not to all kinds of agricultural corps.

• In regional terms, only Punjab and Haryana States showed the best results of the Green Revolution. The eastern plains of the river Ganges in Bengal state also showed reasonably good results. But results were less impressive in other parts of India.

• Though Bengal Famine did not happen in India again, there are some places in India like Kalahandi where some people faced starvation.

◇ Conclusion:

Though the Green Revolution has not succeeded 100 percent in its overall social objectives, but it has got considerable amount of success in terms of agricultural production. The Green Revolution has raised India as a country very much dependent on agricultural production.

Frequently asked questions:

• when did bengal famine happen .

Ans: In 1943, the world’s worst recorded food disaster happened in Bengal where around four million people died of hunger that year alone in the eastern part of India.

• In which year did the Green Revolution happen?

Ans: The term Green Revolution is applied to the period from 1967 to 1978. But efforts were put from 1947 on expanding the farming areas.

• What were the methods applied to the Green Revolution?

Ans: The three basic methods applied to the Green Revolution, like – expansion of farming areas, double-cropping and using seeds with superior genetics.

• How far was the Green Revolution successful?

Ans: Though the Green Revolution was not 100 percent successful in its overall social objectives but it has got considerable amount of success in terms of agricultural production.

• In which states of India got considerable amount of success under the Green Revolution?

Ans: Specifically the states like Punjab and Haryana showed the best results of the Green Revolution. The eastern plains of the river Ganges in Bengal state also showed reasonable good results.

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Clean India Green India Essay

100 Words Essay On Clean India Green India

Clean India and Green India are national programmes aimed at improving the country. In 2014, a campaign called "Clean India" was started—Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan or the Clean India Movement were the other names for this campaign. The programme was launched by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi by cleaning the streets. With numerous people taking part, this campaign was the biggest one ever. Garbage poses a serious danger to a country's growth and it is also a major threat to success in the modern economy. Industrialization and commercialization have only served to aggravate this issue. Therefore, as responsible citizens of this country, it is our responsibility and duty to do everything to keep our environment clean and green.

200 Words Essay On Clean India Green India

500 words essay on clean india green india.

Our carbon footprint has significantly grown since the Industrial Revolution. Greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide and other exhaust gases from cars and factories. Ironically, life depends on the greenhouse effect, which is a natural occurrence. If this phenomena didn't exist, the earth would swiftly lose heat and freeze. However, if substantial amounts of these gases continue to exist, the greenhouse effect will be amplified.

This may lead to an increase in global average temperatures and the melting of the polar ice caps. As a result, both individuals and the ecosystem suffer from this. The ecology may become unbalanced and endangered animals may go extinct. It can also have negative effects on the climate, often leading to loss of life and property destruction.

It is our duty to keep our surroundings clean, especially any public areas like parks, tourist attractions and restrooms. We should refrain from dumping trash everywhere, whether on the ground or in public spaces. Dustbins should be used in their place to maintain such areas clean. The ideal method to develop this habit is to launch a cleaning campaign in our home, kitchen, living space, and community. It is imperative that we preserve the natural splendour and purity of our surroundings before it is too late.

Clean India Green India is a nationwide effort launched by the Indian government. Mahatma Gandhi, father of the nation, also had a vision for a clean India. People are what make up a nation. Therefore, it is essential to alter public perceptions of the fight against sanitation. Change ought to be implemented logically. Budgets and programmes that prioritise Panchayats and rural communities' sanitation needs should be sufficient. Every Indian citizen should have the vision of a Clean India, Green India. The mission is the ideal development movement for India since it promotes sustainable growth in the nation.

Benefits Of Clean India Green India Campaign

We are less prone to get sick if we maintain ourselves and our surroundings clean. The unclean atmosphere around us promotes diseases like malaria, dengue fever, and others. We must maintain a clean, healthy atmosphere if we want to reduce our risks of becoming ill.

Cleanliness is beneficial to the mind—stress and despair are decreased. It keeps us energised and inspired.

The campaign has lessened open defecation by building individual, group, and public restrooms.

There has been a transform from the unsanitary restrooms into flush restrooms.

A promotion of healthy sanitation habits through behavioural changes and connecting people to sanitation and public health programmes has taken place.

People are now utilising solid waste disposal, reuse, and recycling techniques.

What We Can Do

So, the following are some methods that we use to go green and go clean—

Plastic is one of the main causes of environmental degradation, so it is crucial that we stop using it and replace it with materials based on wood in our houses. To lessen the impact of plastic on the environment, we must also use jute or paper bags rather than plastic ones.

We can always recycle and reuse objects to cut down on waste and pollution in the environment. For example, worn-out and discarded items can be utilised as décor and other things in homes and workplaces.

We can help save trees by printing on both sides of the page, utilising hand dryers in place of paper towels, and using reusable goods instead of toilet paper and throwaway towels. Additionally, we need to grow trees and other plants around our homes to maximise the amount of greenery there is.

We must utilise dustbins effectively if we are to achieve cleanliness. We should dispose of our trash in dustbins rather than on the roads and streets.

Awareness-raising campaigns must be performed in order to achieve community cleanliness and greenery. We must inform the public of the advantages of cleanliness and nature.

Since the Swachh Bharat Mission was established, many Indians have given cleanliness considerable consideration. People started doing daily cleanups of their surroundings and proper rubbish disposal. Additionally, Green India addresses the issue of climate change. The government wants to minimise greenhouse gases, which are the cause of climate change and global warming, by encouraging the growth of trees. In addition, the Indian government changed its energy and economic policies to be more environmentally friendly.

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Essay on green revolution in india.

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Essay on Green Revolution in India!

Essay # What is Green Revolution ?

The introduction of high-yielding varieties of Indian seeds after 1965 and the increased use of fertilizers and irrigation are known collectively as the Indian Green Revolution.

It provided the Increase in production needed to make India self-sufficient in food grains.

The programme was started with the help of the United States based Rockefeller Foundation and was based on high-yielding varieties of wheat, rice and other grains that had been developed In Mexico and in the Philippines. Of the high yielding seeds, wheat produced the best results.

Essay # Why Green Revolution ?

The world’s worst recorded food disaster happened in 1943 in British ruled India known as the Bengal Famine. An estimated four million people died of hunger that year alone in Eastern India (that included today’s Bangladesh). The initial theory put forward to explain that catastrophe was that there was an acute shortfall in food production in the area.

However, Indian economist Amartya Sen (recipient of the Nobel Prize for Economics, 1998) has established that while food shortage was a contributor to the problem, a more potent factor was the result of hysteria related to World War II which made food supply a low priority for the British rulers. The hysteria was further exploited by Indian traders who hoarded food in order to sell at higher prices.

Nevertheless when the British left India four years later in 1947, India continued to be haunted by memories of the Bengal Famine. It was therefore natural that food security was a paramount item on free India’s agenda. This awareness led, on one hand to the Green Revolution in India and on the other, legislative measures to ensure that businessmen would never again be able to hoard food for reasons of profit.

However, the term “Green Revolution” is applied to the period from 1967 to 1978. Between 1947 and 1967, efforts at achieving food self sufficiency’s were not entirely successful. Efforts until 1967 largely concentrated on expanding the farming areas. But starvation deaths were still being reported in the newspapers.

In a perfect case of Malthusian economics, population was growing at much faster rate than food production. This called for drastic action to increase yield. The action came in the form of Green Revolution. The term “Green Revolution” is a general one that is applied to successful agricultural experiments in many Third world countries. It is not specific to India. But It was most successful in India.

Essay # The Basic Strategy of the Green Revolution:

The new policy towards agriculture which began in the mid- 1960s, was a departure from the earlier approach in a number of ways.

The main features are:

(a) The government policy was now oriented towards changing the technical conditions of production in agriculture rather than introducing land reforms and other changes in the property relations in the country side.

In so far as institutional changes were part of the policy, they were chiefly in the form of spread of State agricultural extension services in order to spread information and provide access to the new technology, establishment of Agricultural Price Commission (now known as Commission on Agricultural Costs and Prices (ACP) in 1965, establishment of Food Corporation of India (FCI) in the same year and efforts towards ensuring the availability of credit from institutional sources.

(b) The new technology consisted essentially of a package of inputs and practices i eluding seeds of high-yielding varieties, which responded very favorably to fertilizers, irrigation and pesticides.

(c) The emphasis was primarily on increasing the output of food grains (especially wheat and rice). Other crops such as sugarcane, oilseeds, pulses, coarse cereals, jute and cotton were not a part of this policy.

(d) Given the required assured water supply, the new technology was Introduced and employed successfully in areas having irrigation facilities. The strategy was therefore selective in approach. The focus was on selective new areas with assured irrigation water or rainfall for the effective application of this package.

This combined with the higher yield of new wheat seeds in India, led to a regional concentration of the new HYV technology in the irrigated wheat growing region of Northwest India. This region, comprising the states of Punjab, Haryana and West Uttar Pradesh became major success stories of the Green Revolution by early 1970s.

(e) The new strategy also focused on increasing marketed surplus of food grains through price support and procurement operations. It meant a focus on those group of farmers who could produce surplus for sale, over and above their own consumption. Essentially, these were the larger and richer farmers, who had both resources and access to market which encouraged them to adopt the high yield variety (HYV) package.

Essay # Results of the Green Revolution in India:

(a) Statistical results

(b) Economic results

(d) Political results

(a) Statistical Results of the Green Revolution :

1. The Green Revolution resulted in a record grain output of 131 million tons in 1978-79.

This established India as one of the world’s biggest agricultural producer. No other country in the world which attempted the Green Revolution recorded such level of success.

India also became an exporter of food grains around that time.

2. Yield per unit of farmland improved by more than 30 per cent between 1947 and 1979 when the Green Revolution was considered to have delivered its goods.

3. The crop area under HYV varieties grew from 7 per cent to 22 per cent of the total cultivated area during the 10 years of the Green Revolution. More than 70 per cent of the wheat crop area, 35 per cent of the rice crop area, 20 percent of the millet and corn crop area used the HYV seeds.

(b) Economic Results of the Green Revolution :

1. Crop areas under high-yield varieties needed more water, more fertilizers, more pesticides and certain other chemicals. This spurred the growth of the local manufacturing sector. Such industrial growth created new jobs and contributed to the country’s GDP.

2. The increase in irrigation created need for new dams to harness monsoon water. The water stored was used to create hydro-electric power. This in turn boosted industrial growth, created Jobs and improved the quality of life of the people in villages.

3. India paid back all the loans it had taken from the World Bank and its affiliates for the purpose of the Green Revolution. This improved India’s credit worthiness in the eyes of the lending agencies.

(c) Sociological Results of the Green Revolution :

The Green Revolution created plenty of Jobs not only for the agricultural workers but also industrial workers by the creation of lateral facilities such as factories, hydro-electric power stations etc.

(d) Political Results of the Green Revolution :

1. India transformed itself from a starving nation to an exporter of food. This earned admiration for India in the cavity of nations, especially in the Third world.

2. The Green Revolution was one factor that made Mrs. Indira Gandhi (1917-1984) and her party the Indian National Congress, a very powerful political force in India.

Essay # Green Revolution: An Assessment:

Overall, the Green Revolution Is a major achievement for India, as it has provided an unprecedented level of food security. It represents the successful adaptation and transfer of the same scientific revolution in agriculture that the industrial countries had already appropriated for themselves.

It has lifted a large number of poor people out of poverty and helped many non-poor people avoid the poverty and hunger they would have experienced had it not taken place. The largest benefits to the poor are mostly indirect in the form of lower food prices, increased migration opportunities and greater employment in the rural non-farm economy.

The direct benefits to the poor through their own on farm adoption, greater agricultural employment and empowerment have been more mixed and depend heavily on local socio-economic conditions. In many cases inequalities between regions and classes that adopted Green Revolution technologies worsened, but in a number of other cases they did not. Also, it has given rise to many negative environmental issues that have yet to be addressed adequately.

Indian agriculture is facing new challenges. The potential of the Green Revolution varieties appears to have exhausted. The yield barriers have to be broken through research and development. A large number of farmers have yet to adopt the existing yield increasing technologies. Extension access to such farmers should be ensured for wider acceptance of the existing technologies.

The indirect benefits to the poor due to another technological breakthrough in agriculture are likely to be weaker in the future as globalization and trade in agricultural commodities makes food prices less responsive to local production.

Diversification in crop production, value addition and agri-business development in the rural sector hold the key to livelihood security in rural areas. By building on the strengths of Green Revolution, while seeking to avoid its weaknesses, scientists and policy makers can take significant steps towards achieving sustainable food security in the country.

The Green Revolution has been an important contributor to the growth of food grain output in the last forty years. Current strategies of agricultural development must take into account the need for sustainability enhancing technologies and the changes in international trade scenario.

Issues such as suitable technologies for rainfed areas, resource management, better livelihood strategies and trade should be Incorporated In the policy and its implementation assured at all costs.

Essay # Social Consequences of Green Revolution :

The effect of the application of the new technology was that there was increase in production of food grains from 1965-66 to 1970-71. Of the food-grains produced the greatest impact of Green Revolution Is to be seen on the production of wheat.

But the harmful social effect of the Green Revolution was also soon visible. It has been established that disparities in income have been widened by these innovations in agriculture.

Agricultural input and improved chemical fertilizers were largely cornered by rich landlords. Besides, the poor farmers also found themselves handicapped by small farms of land and inadequate water supply. Given the need for complete agricultural techniques and inputs, the Green revaluation tended to have its most concentrated application on large farms.

As a concentration of the new technology to large farms, the Inequalities have further Increased.

The small farmers have been adversely affected by a growing tendency among the large farmers to reclaim land previously leased out under tenancy agreement, which has been made profitable by higher returns from new technology. The small farmer has been increasingly pushed into the rank of the landless labourer. There has been increase in higher level of rent with land value soaring.

Essay # A New Green Revolution in India :

Prime Minister of India Dr. Manmohan Singh addressed the gathering at the Red Fort on the Independence Day. He was optimistic on the 7 per cent GDP growth that year and his government would unleash a new Green revolution to obtain fast agricultural growth.

India and the US have recently entered an agreement to conduct Joint agricultural research in biotechnology. The research will focus on the development of drought and heat resistance crops suitable for the Indian climate. There is little new land available for agricultural development in the Asian nations, but increased food production is needed to feed the growing population.

Analysts note that India’s agricultural production lags behind countries that grow bio-tech crops. Leaders hope that biotechnology can increase farm productivity to help the country meet its economic and development goals.

Critics are concerned that farmers will become dependent on large bio-tech firms and doubt the claims of increased productivity promised by the industry. Farmers have definitely shown Interest In modified crops however, rapidly expanding their planting of genetically modified Bollgard cotton seeds since Monsanto was first allowed to sell them In India in 2002.

8 Major Economical Impact of Green Revolution in India
Short Notes on the Main Features of Green Revolution in India

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Green Revolution in India : A Case Study

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Partition of British India in 1947 triggered a huge refugee crisis in India. In addition, low agricultural yield and high population growth fueled food insecurity. The fear of the Bengal Famine of 1943 was still fresh and the Indian Government wanted to prevent further famines. The philanthropic organizations of the USA (Rockefeller and Ford Foundation) collaborated with Indian policymakers and scientists that helped in the groundwork of the Green Revolution. Jack Loveridge explains how technology and international cooperation contributed to India's Green Revolution and what lessons can be learned for the future. The challenges related population control, environment, social and economic inequality in the Green Revolution were highlighted. Interview by Somidh Saha (ITAS-KIT).

International Journal of Health Sciences (IJHS)

Emil Stepha

Arunav Chetia

Journal of Ethnic Foods

Kavitha Ravichandran

The Green Revolution in India was initiated in the 1960s by introducing high-yielding varieties of rice and wheat to increase food production in order to alleviate hunger and poverty. Post-Green Revolution, the production of wheat and rice doubled due to initiatives of the government, but the production of other food crops such as indigenous rice varieties and millets declined. This led to the loss of distinct indigenous crops from cultivation and also caused extinction. This review deals with the impacts the Green Revolution had on the production of indigenous crops, its effects on society, environment, nutrition intake, and per capita availability of foods, and also the methods that can be implemented to revive the indigenous crops back into cultivation and carry the knowledge to the future generation forward.

isara solutions

International Research Journal Commerce arts science

Agriculture has always been the backbone of the Indian economy and despite concerted industrialization in the last six decades, agriculture still occupies a place of pride. It provides employment to around 60per cent of the total work force in the country. That’s why taken all steps for development of agriculture are important….like green revolution…

Irrigation and Drainage

Avinash Tyagi

International Res Jour Managt Socio Human

Food security will remain a concern for the next 20 years and beyond, globally. There has been no significant increase in crop yield in many areas, despite of HYV of seeds and chemical fertilizers stressing the need for higher investments in research and infrastructure, as well as addressing the issue of water scarcity. Climate change is a crucial factor affecting food security in many regions including India.

Sachin Shirnath

Agrarian Change and Development Planning in South Asia

Robert Chambers

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The Indian Experience:

In the mid-1960s, the Government of India adopted a new agricultural strategy which goes by different names seed-fertiliser-water technology, modern agricultural technology, or Green Revolution. In fact, the ‘Green Revolution’ has been the most important single technical advance in agriculture in India during the plan period.

It refers to the breeding of high-yield varieties of wheat and rice and their introduction into traditional agriculture so as to achieve a sustained or continuous breakthrough in agricultural production. This is really a yield per acre take-off in agriculture inasmuch as it seeks to raise productivity per acre by cultivating the same plot of land more intensively.

Thus, in India, traditional farm practices and technology are being gradually replaced by modern practices and technology. Modern technology is based on the use of chemical fertilisers, pesticides, high-yielding varieties of seeds including hybrid seeds (such as IR-8, Tinen-3, TN-1, ADT-7, etc. in case of rice, and the new Mexican varieties such as Rajo, Sonara 64, Kalyan and P.V. 18 in case of wheat) and the extensive use of electric power, implements and machinery (such as tractors and threshers as also irrigation). Thus, massive programmes of mechanisation and irrigation were undertaken in the mid-1960s.

The new technology is ‘highly divisible’— usable on small peasant plots as readily as on large ones. It is yield-increasing rather than an acreage- expanding (that is, labour-saving) change. To obtain the needed water, where water from large irrigation projects has been unavailable, many Indian farmers have installed tube-wells with institutional credit.

Those who did not get such wells locally, use bamboo tubes wrapped with wire rather than steel tubing. By contrast, traditional technology relies on a pair of bullocks, a plough, the use of farmyard manure and seeds of poor quality.

The new strategy, called Intensive Agricultural Development Programme, was initiated and adopted on an experimental basis. Later on this was supplemented by the high-yielding varieties programme, covering the whole country. And considerable success has been achieved from the beginning. Since the mid-1960s, the usage of traditional inputs was increasing at the annual average rate of 10%.

The new agricultural strategy adopted in India in the late 1960s laid emphasis on intensive rather than extensive cultivation. This was, no doubt, desirable in a country characterised by a falling land-man ratio. There was, therefore, shift from mono- to multiple-cropping, particularly in those areas which are endowed with an assured supply of water. The spread of irrigation facilities also accelerated the process.

Economies of scale is also associated with large-scale production in agriculture. By applying modern technology, it would also be possible to avert the operation of the Law of Diminishing Returns.

The new agricultural strategy adopted in India (which brought about the Green Revolution) has conferred substantial benefits to the country. But it has failed in other respects. Here is the score- card:

Effect on Production and Productivity:

The most important achievement of the new strategy lies in raising the production of wheat and rice— the two major cereals. Perhaps the most spectacular increase has been achieved in wheat production (from 11 m. tones in 1960-61 to 75.6 m. tones in 1999-00).

The production of rice has also shown satisfactory increase from 35 mn. tones to 89.5 m. tones. But the production of pulses has virtually stagnated or even fallen in some of the years. The yield per hectare has not increased much.

The yield of food-grains also increased from 872 kg. per hectare in 1970-71 to 1,382 kg. per hectare in 1980-81 and to 1,697 kg. per hectare in 1999-00. The yield of wheat increased from 1,307 kg. per hectare in 1970-71 to 1,630 kg. per hectare in 1980-81 and to 2,755 kg. per hectare in 1999- 00.

There has also occurred a considerable increase in areas under high-yield varieties of crops—from 15.38 m. hectares in 1970-71 to 43 m. hectares in 1980-81 and to 78.4 m. hectares in 1999-00.

The record food-grain production of 152.4 million tones 1983-84 was a notable achievement, receiving world-wide acclaim. What is worth mentioning is that, while the First Green Revolution of 1967-68 arose from introduction of new high-yielding varieties of Mexican wheat and dwarf rice varieties evolved by the International Rice Research Institute, the spectacular increase in production in 1983-84 was mainly owing to organised input management. Total production of food-grains in 1999-00 was 208.9 mn. tones.

The year 1983-84 marked the beginning of the Second Green Revolution showing a massive increase in production through expansion in supplies of inputs and services to the farms and better farm management. As compared to the previous years, the increase in 1983-84 in the distribution of seed, fertiliser and pesticides showed a marked increase. The expansion in the provision of institutional credit for agriculture was also encouraging.

Whereas the First Green Revolution of 1967- 68 was confined mainly to a few progressive areas of Punjab, Haryana and western U.P., the Second Green Revolution of 1983-84 witnessed tremendous progress in eastern and central States including West Bengal, Bihar, Orissa, Madhya Pradesh and U.P., where the growth rates have initially been relatively slow. And it led to increase in production of rice, which is the main staple crop in eastern India.

The Growth Rate of Production:

The impact of Green Revolution could be felt during the brief period 1967-68 and 1970-71. The gains were short-lived. These were years of normal crop—neither years of drought nor flood or any other natural calamity. The best possible response was observed in case of maize. The performance of rice was not at all satisfactory.

In case of commercial crops like jute, cotton and gram the rates of growth were virtually negative. The position, however, changed slightly between 1970-71 and 1985-86. Although the negative growth continued in case of grain, in cotton and jute the trend was reversed. However, there has been a decline in production of most items since 1986-87.

Thus, it seems that the favourable effects of GR are gradually disappearing. Although various seeds have been tried, success has been achieved only in case of IR-8.

Cropping Pattern:

The GR led to a distinct change in the cropping pattern in Indian agriculture. Firstly, as a result of the new strategy, production of cereals has increased at an annual average rate of 3% to 4% per annum, while that of pulses has virtually stagnated. Thus, the importance of pulses in food-grains output has declined.

Secondly, wheat production increased much faster than that of rice, leading to a fall in the importance of rice in total cereal production and a consequent rise in the importance of wheat. While production of rice increased from 42.2 mn. tones in 1970-71 to 8.95 mn. tones in 1999-00, that of wheat increased from 23.8 mn. tones to 75.6 mn. tones during the same period.

Concluding Comments:

Various lessons have been learnt from the experience of green revolution, which is embodied in the ‘seed-fertiliser-irrigation’ package. From these lessons it appears that the revolution has achieved only partial success in India. Critics even argue that it would be too premature to call it revolution in the true sense.

The following points may be mentioned in this context:

1. Flow of Information:

The spread of new technology depends on the flow of information which, it its turn, is conditioned by the level of literacy. In India, most farmers are illiterate. So a crash programme of educational expansion in rural areas is vital for spreading the favourable effects (actual and potential) of green revolution.

2. Differences in Interest Rates:

In the present rural set-up, only big farmers can obtain loans at a modest rate from co-operatives and commercial banks. The small farmers have to depend on indigenous bankers and private moneylenders for obtaining crop loans. In un-organised money markets, the rate of interest varies for 18% to 80% compared to 6% to 10% charged by co-operatives and rural banks.

Since official agencies meet only 40% of the credit needs of the farmers and the bulk of it is provided to large farmers, their smaller counterparts find it very difficult to purchase modern inputs. In fact, the present system of differential interest rate introduces a difference in the real price of inputs to the large (capitalist) fanners and small (marginal) farmers and thus discriminates against the latter.

3. Control Over Water Supply:

The adoption of new technology is largely conditioned by control over water supply and regulation of its timing by the farmers. This is possible if deep tube-wells or diesel pump-sets are installed. But this requires a large initial investment which is beyond the capacity of most farmers.

While the average size of landholding in India is 5 acres or 2 hectares, farmers with land of 4 hectares or more can usually afford it. In the context of accelerating the pace of new technology, development of rental market (to ensure an assured supply of water as and when needed) makes good sense.

A Final Word:

It is felt that the introduction of non-exploitative forms of tenancy and upward revision of farm wages may go a long way in making green revolution a success. This has to be supported by the provision of certain non-farm services such as cheap credit to small farmers, provision of security of tenure to cultivating tenants, and creation of organisational framework to take care of economic inequalities, so that the green revolution can bring maximum benefit to the largest number of rural people.

Achievements of New Green Revolution in India
Main Defects Found in Green Revolution
Green Revolution: Effects and Limitations of the Green Revolution

Green Revolution in India | Economics Optional Notes for UPSC PDF Download

Introduction.

Green Revolution in India

Green Revolution in India is the process of boosting agricultural output using contemporary methods and instruments. The Green Revolution is related to agricultural output. It was during this period that the nation’s agriculture was transformed into an industrial system by the adoption of modern agricultural practices such as the use of high-yielding seed varieties, tractors, irrigation systems, herbicides, and fertilizers.
Up until 1967, the government’s main focus was on enlarging the agricultural areas. However, the rapidly growing population demanded drastic and fast action to enhance yield, which manifested itself in the form of the Green Revolution.

Father of Green Revolution in India

In the year of 1965, the Indian Indian initiated the Green Revolution under the supervision of a geneticist, who is also known as the father of the Green Revolution in India M.S. Swaminathan. Revolution within India led to an increase in food grain production, mostly in the regions of Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh. A major landmark in this undertaking was the development of high-yielding varieties (HYV) seeds of wheat, and rust resistant strains of wheat. Personalities and Institutions recognized for their efforts during the Green Revolution in India are,

Main Architect and the Father of Green Revolution in India – M.S. Swaminathan
Political Father of Green Revolution and the Food and Agriculture Minister – Chidambaram Subramaniam
Father of Wheat Revolution – Dilbagh Singh Athwal
IARI – Indian Agricultural Research Institute

William Gaud

Norman Borlaug

M.S. Swaminathan

Chidambaram Subramaniam

Important Schemes Related to Green Revolution in India

Green revolution in india’s history.

The Bengal Famine, which occurred in 1943 and was the worst food crisis ever recorded, caused an estimated 4 million people to die of starvation in eastern India. Even after independence in 1947, the government’s focus on enlarging the agricultural lands persisted until 1967. However, the rate of population growth was outpacing the rate of food production. To boost yield, an immediate and dramatic intervention was required. The Green Revolution served as the catalyst for the action.
With the assistance of a geneticist also known as the Father of The Green Revolution (India), M.S. Swaminathan, the Indian government began the Green Revolution in 1965. The country’s status was transformed from one of the world’s leading agricultural nations as a result of the green revolution, which was a huge success.
It began in 1967 and continued until 1978. The term “green revolution” in India refers to a time when contemporary agricultural practices and technology, such as the use of HYV seeds, tractors, irrigation systems, pesticides, and fertilizers, transformed Indian agriculture into an industrial system. India’s Green Revolution increased agricultural output, particularly in Haryana, Punjab, and Uttar Pradesh.

To increase the rate of population growth.

To boost food production and agricultural yield.

To reduce the use of pesticides and fertilizers.

To enlarge the agricultural lands.

Green Revolution in India Objectives

The Green Revolution in India has several specific characteristics.

Growth in the size of agricultural areas
Double cropping systems, or the practice of growing crops twice a year.
Due to the construction of dams and the adoption of other basic irrigation techniques, water was now obtained from extensive irrigation projects.
Using high-yield variety seeds that were generated from new strains of seeds with enhanced genetics.

Green Revolution in India: Positive Effects

In 1978–1979, a tremendous increase in crop production led to a grain output of 131 million tonnes, making India one of the largest agricultural producers in the world. The area of crops planted with high-yielding wheat and rice varieties increased significantly during the Green Revolution. India was able to become self-sufficient in food grains and occasionally even had enough stock in the central pool to export grains. Additionally, there are now more food grains available per person on a net basis.
The Green Revolution’s introduction assisted farmers in increasing their level of revenue. Farmers invested their extra money back into their fields to increase productivity. The major farmers who had more than 10 hectares of land gained the most from this revolution because they made significant financial investments in HYV seeds, fertilizer, machinery, etc. It supported capitalist farming as well.
Large-scale farm mechanization brought about by the Green Revolution in India increased demand for several equipment types, including tractors, harvesters, threshers, combines, diesel engines, electric motors, pumping sets, etc. Additionally, there was a significant growth in demand for chemical fertilizers, herbicides, insecticides, pesticides, etc. Agro-based industries are those that utilize a variety of agricultural products as raw materials.
Due to fertilizer use and multiple cropping, there was a noticeable increase in the need for labourers. The Green Revolution produced a large number of jobs for both industrial and agricultural employees by building connected facilities including factories and hydroelectric power plants.

Impacts of Green Revolution in India

Although the revolution has benefited all food grains, including wheat, rice, jowar, bajra, and maize, other crops including coarse cereals, pulses, and oilseeds have been excluded. Major cash crops including sugarcane, cotton, jute, tea, and cotton were also largely unaffected by the Green Revolution. Only five crops were allowed under the High Yielding Variety Program (HYVP): maize, wheat, rice, jowar, and bajra. Therefore, the new method did not apply to non-food grains. The HYV seeds in the non-food crops either hadn’t been developed yet or weren’t good enough for farmers to take a chance on using them.
Growing regional and international economic imbalances are a result of the Green Revolution’s technological advancements. Only 40% of the overall cultivated area has been impacted thus far, while 60% is still unaffected. Punjab, Haryana, and western Uttar Pradesh in the north, and Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu in the south, are the region’s most severely impacted.
The Eastern region, which includes Assam, Bihar, West Bengal, and Orissa, as well as the dry and semi-arid regions of Western and Southern India, has rarely been affected. Only those places that were already in a better position agriculturally were impacted by the Green Revolution. Thus, the Green Revolution has caused the issue of regional inequality to worsen.
Pesticides and synthetic nitrogen fertilizers were widely used during the Green Revolution to improve irrigation systems and crop types. To inform farmers about the substantial risk involved with the intensive use of pesticides, however, very little or no effort was taken. Typically, uneducated farm labourers sprayed pesticides on crops without taking any safety precautions or following any instructions. Crops suffer more harm than benefit from this, and they also pollute the environment and soil. The crops which were developed at the time of the green revolution required a lot of water.
The majority of these crops, which are cereals, use roughly 50% of the water used by the human body. Groundwater levels were depleted as a result of the introduction of canal systems and irrigation pumps that drained groundwater out of the ground to irrigate crops like rice and sugarcane that require large amounts of water.
The nutrients in the soil were depleted by repeated crop cycles meant to ensure higher crop yield. Farmers used more fertilizer to fulfil the need for new varieties of seeds. The use of these alkaline compounds caused the pH level of the soil to rise. Beneficial pathogens were eliminated by toxic chemicals in the soil, which further decreased production.
Farm mechanization brought about by the Green Revolution led to widespread unemployment among agricultural labourers in rural areas, with the exception of Punjab and to a lesser extent Haryana. The poor and labourers who were without land were most negatively impacted. Numerous serious ailments, such as cancer, renal failure, stillbirth, and birth deformities, were caused by the extensive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.

To increase the size of agricultural areas.

To introduce multiple cropping systems.

To promote the use of high-yield variety seeds.

To focus on the production of non-food crops.

Green Revolution in India Achievements

There have been numerous cropping pattern adjustments and agricultural advancements in India as a result of the country’s green revolution.
Farmers today enjoy wealth thanks to the Green Revolution. Agriculture is thought of as a lucrative profession. The demand for consumer products has surged in Punjab. In Punjab, the standard of living has increased. All crops, including wheat, rice, cotton, gram, maize, and bajra, have increased per hectare production. Better seeds are the cause. The Green Revolution has had a significant impact on industry development. Industries have been put up that produce agricultural equipment like tractors, diesel engines, combines, threshers, and pumping sets.
Production growth is the Green Revolution’s primary accomplishment. 33.89 lakh tones of cereal grains were produced in 1965–1966. The output increased to 119 lakh tones in 1980–1981 The rural masses now enjoy wealth thanks to the green revolution. Bumper crops have given rural populations work options. Their quality of life has improved. The need for labour rose as a result of multiple cropping and excessive usage of chemical fertilizers. A severe labour shortage is seen during the sowing and harvesting seasons. Consequently, the green revolution has created jobs.

Second Green Revolution in India

Food Inflation
Crop Productivity
Environmental Hazards
Manure, Fertilizers and Biocides
Agriculture Marketing

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Essay on Green Revolution in English for Children and Students – 2023

Table of Contents

Essay on Green Revolution: The term Green Revolution is used to express the introduction of new farming techniques like high yielding seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, use of farm equipments like tractors, farm tools and other machineries. Green Revolution has increased the production of crops and has also improved its quality. Introduced to the world in 1950s by Norman Borlaug and the Ford Foundation, it has proved extremely helpful for developing nations like India, Africa and Brazil etc.

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Short and Long Essay on Green Revolution in English

Green Revolution Essay 1 (200 Words)

Green Revolution began in the world sometime into 1950s and reached India in early 1960s; though, its prominent effects were only visible by the late 1960s.

The report suggested modernization of agriculture sector with introduction of new farm techniques, farming equipments, fertilizers, credit system and pesticides etc.

This new strategy was put into widespread use in India during the Kharif season of 1966. It was named as the High Yielding Varieties Program (HYVP).

Green Revolution Essay 2 (300 Words)

Introduction

Green Revolution in India

Green Revolution in India refers to the adoption of new farm techniques such as the use of high yielding variety (HYV) seeds, irrigation facilities, tractors, fertilizers, pesticides etc.

An Indian Geneticist and administrator M.S. Swaminathan a.k.a Mankombu Sambasivan Swaminathan is considered as the father of Green Revolution in India.

Swaminathan actually termed it as “Evergreen Revolution” and advocated sustainable development, sustainable agriculture, food security and elimination of hunger and poverty.

The Green Revolution in India commenced sometime in 1958 and tremendously benefited the farmers of Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh, by introducing high yielding varieties of wheat and rice.

Green Revolution Essay 3 (400 Words)

Effects of Green Revolution

1) Increase in Production

2) Food Security

3) Scientific Practices

4) Industrial Development

5) Confident Farmers

Today the farmers have become more confident than before as their yield has become more and more independent of external factors; thanks to the Global Warming . Farmer of today knows that he will be able to produce good quality of crops by adopting new techniques and also that the produces are safe from pests and insects. This has caused a phenomenal change in the confidence of farmers and has also let them think out of the box.

Green Revolution Essay 4 (500 Words)

Advantages of Green Revolution

1) More Crop Yield per Area

2) Consistent Yield

3) Poverty Reduction

Disadvantages of Green Revolution

Despite having numerous advantages, Green Revolution also has its own disadvantages as discussed below.

1) Harmful to Biodiversity

2) Health Hazards

Green India Essay in 10 Lines, 100, 1000 Words

Entrance Exams
November 10, 2023

Green India Essay – The Green India Mission (GIM) is a vital component of the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC), launched in February 2014. This mission aims to protect, restore, and enhance India’s forest cover, addressing the challenges posed by climate change. GIM adopts a holistic approach, focusing on ecosystem services such as water conservation, biodiversity preservation, and carbon sequestration.

The discussion also touches upon the unique features of GIM, including its emphasis on convergence with other environmental schemes and its inclusive, community-driven implementation strategy.

In this article students can get the sample essays on Green India in English in 10 Lines, 100, 1000 Words.

Green India Essay in 500 Words

The Green India Mission (GIM) is a crucial initiative under the National Action Plan on Climate Change, aiming to enhance the country’s forest and tree cover. With a target of 10 million hectares, the mission focuses on afforestation and improving the quality of existing forests. By addressing deforestation and promoting sustainable practices.

Green India Mission: Nurturing Sustainable Ecosystems

Introduction: Green India Mission (GIM) stands as a cornerstone initiative under the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC), launched in February 2014. It is a visionary effort aiming to preserve India’s biodiversity, counteract climate change, and foster ecological sustainability.

Objectives of GIM:

Target: Increase forest and tree cover by 5 million hectares.
Focus: Diverse forest types – grasslands, dense forests, and wetlands.
Goal: Improve tree and forest cover in urban-peripheral areas by 0.20 million hectares.
Purpose: Enhance greenery in and around cities for a sustainable urban environment.
Objective: Increase tree and forest cover on marginal farmlands and non-forest sites (3 million hectares).
Strategy: Promote agroforestry practices for environmental and economic benefits.
Aim: Enhance forest-based livelihoods for approximately 3 million households.
Empowerment: Economically empower local communities through sustainable forest practices.
Target: Restore damaged open forests, restructure grasslands, and revive wetlands.
Impact: Foster ecological balance and preserve critical habitats.
Goal: Enhance annual CO2 sequestration by 50 to 60 million tonnes by 2020.
Significance: Mitigate climate change by capturing and storing carbon.

Implementation Approach:

Collaboration: Engage with Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) and Compensatory Afforestation Fund Management and Planning Authority (CAMPA).
Synergy: Ensure synergy with other schemes for effective forest development.
Integrated Approach: Adopt an integrated approach involving local authorities in planning, execution, and monitoring.
Community Involvement: Focus on decentralized, participatory strategies for effective community engagement.
National Level: Ministry of Environment and Forests.
State Level: State Forest Development Agencies.
District Level: Forest Development Agencies.
Village Level: Involve Gram Sabha and committees for planning.
Urban Areas: Utilize ward-level committees for effective implementation.
Training: Train 1 lakh skilled local youth for community-based forest conservation.
Role: Bridge the gap between communities and implementing agencies.

Challenges and Opportunities:

Financial Constraints: Despite noble objectives, GIM faced financial constraints delaying its launch.
Target Shortcomings: Observations highlight GIM’s failure to meet targets in some areas, urging a reevaluation of strategies.
Diverse Benefits: GIM offers a range of benefits, from economic empowerment to biodiversity conservation.

Conclusion:

Green India Mission is a crucial step toward ecological sustainability and climate change mitigation. By addressing challenges and optimizing strategies, GIM can pave the way for a greener and more resilient India.

Also See – Importance of English Teaching in India Essay – 10 Lines, 100 & 500 Words

Short Essay on Role of Youth in Green India

The essay on the role of youth in Green India highlights how the younger generation can actively contribute to environmental conservation. It explores their potential in promoting sustainable practices, participating in afforestation, advocating for eco-friendly policies, and fostering awareness. The focus is on the youth’s ability to lead by example, adopt green lifestyles, and drive positive change for a more sustainable and environmentally conscious India.

The youth plays a pivotal role in creating a Green India. With their energy and enthusiasm, they can actively participate in afforestation drives, waste reduction initiatives, and promoting sustainable practices. The youth can raise awareness about environmental issues, advocate for eco-friendly policies, and lead by example in adopting green lifestyles. By embracing renewable energy, practicing responsible consumption, and engaging in conservation efforts, the youth contributes significantly to building a sustainable and environmentally conscious nation.

Clean and Green India Essay

The “Clean and Green India” initiative represents a national commitment to environmental sustainability and cleanliness. It encompasses various programs and efforts aimed at preserving the environment, managing waste efficiently, promoting renewable energy, and encouraging community participation. From afforestation to waste segregation and renewable energy projects, the initiative seeks to create a cleaner and more sustainable nation. Community involvement, awareness campaigns, and educational initiatives play a crucial role in achieving the goal of a cleaner and greener India.

Clean and Green India: A Vision for a Sustainable Future

Introduction: India, with its rich cultural heritage and diverse landscapes, is on the path of transformation towards a cleaner and greener future. The vision of a ‘Clean and Green India’ has become a national priority, emphasizing the need for sustainable development and environmental stewardship.

This essay delves into the multifaceted initiatives and challenges involved in achieving a Clean and Green India, encompassing environmental conservation, waste management, renewable energy, and community involvement.

Importance of a Clean Environment

1. Ecological Balance

A clean environment is crucial for maintaining ecological balance. It ensures that ecosystems function harmoniously, supporting a diverse range of flora and fauna. When pollutants disrupt this balance, it leads to adverse effects on biodiversity and the overall health of the planet.

2. Human Health

The health of the environment directly correlates with human well-being. Air and water pollution, improper waste disposal, and deforestation have severe implications for public health. A clean environment is essential for preventing diseases, ensuring access to clean water, and promoting overall health.

I. Swachh Bharat Abhiyan: A Clean India Campaign

Background: Launched in 2014 by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is a flagship initiative aimed at achieving a clean and open-defecation-free India.

Objectives:

Eradication of open defecation
Solid waste management
Behavioral change towards cleanliness

Achievements: The campaign has made significant strides in improving sanitation infrastructure, constructing millions of toilets, and fostering a sense of cleanliness and hygiene among the masses.

II. Green Initiatives: Nurturing Nature

Afforestation Drives: To combat deforestation and enhance green cover, the government has initiated large-scale afforestation drives, promoting tree plantation and sustainable forestry practices.

Renewable Energy Revolution: India is making substantial investments in renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power, aiming to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and mitigate environmental impact.

III. Waste Management: From Trash to Treasure

Waste Segregation: Encouraging waste segregation at source is a crucial step towards effective waste management. It involves categorizing waste into biodegradable and non-biodegradable, facilitating proper disposal and recycling.

Recycling and Upcycling: Promoting recycling industries and upcycling initiatives contributes to reducing the burden on landfills and harnessing the economic potential of waste materials.

IV. Clean and Green Cities: Urban Sustainability

Smart Cities Mission: The Smart Cities Mission focuses on developing cities that are not only technologically advanced but also environmentally sustainable. Integration of green spaces, efficient public transport, and waste management are key components.

Rooftop Gardening and Vertical Farming: Urban areas are exploring innovative solutions like rooftop gardening and vertical farming to maximize green spaces and promote local, sustainable food production.

V. Challenges and Solutions

Waste-to-Energy Technologies: Addressing the challenge of waste management, waste-to-energy technologies are being explored to convert waste into energy, minimizing the environmental impact of landfills.

Public Awareness and Education: Creating awareness among the public about the importance of cleanliness, sustainable practices, and environmental conservation is vital for the success of Clean and Green India initiatives.

VI. Role of Technology in Environmental Conservation

Internet of Things (IoT): Leveraging IoT for smart waste management, energy-efficient infrastructure, and real-time monitoring of environmental parameters enhances our ability to create a sustainable and technologically advanced nation.

Green Innovations: Innovative technologies, such as pollution-absorbing materials and eco-friendly alternatives, contribute to sustainable development by reducing the ecological footprint of various industries.

Renewable Energy – The adoption of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power is a significant step towards reducing reliance on fossil fuels. Investments in clean energy technologies contribute to a sustainable and green future.

VII . Public Awareness and Participation

Environmental Education – Promoting environmental education is essential to create a society that understands the importance of a clean and green environment. Educational institutions play a crucial role in fostering a sense of environmental responsibility.
Community Engagement – Active participation of communities in environmental conservation efforts is key to success. Community-led initiatives for afforestation, waste management, and sustainable practices contribute to the larger goal of a cleaner and greener India.
Grassroots Movements – Achieving a Clean and Green India requires active participation at the grassroots level. Various community-driven initiatives, such as cleanliness drives, tree planting campaigns, and awareness programs, empower citizens to take ownership of their environment and work collaboratively toward sustainable practices.

VIII. Conclusion: Towards a Sustainable Tomorrow

In conclusion, the vision of a Clean and Green India is not just a government initiative but a collective responsibility. With concerted efforts in waste management, sustainable urban development, and harnessing green technologies, India is moving steadily towards a future where environmental harmony coexists with progress. It is a journey that requires the active participation of every citizen, emphasizing the profound truth that a cleaner and greener India is not just a choice but a necessity for the well-being of current and future generations.

About Green India Mission in 10 Lines

Green India is a comprehensive initiative under the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) aimed at addressing environmental challenges and promoting sustainability. It aims for protecting, enhancing ecosystem services and responding to Climate Change.

Mission for Sustainability: The Green India Mission (GIM) is part of India’s strategy for sustainable development.
Under NAPCC: It operates under the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC), focusing on climate change mitigation and adaptation.
Launched in 2014: GIM was initiated in February 2014 with the goal of safeguarding biodiversity and livelihoods.
Holistic Approach: GIM goes beyond tree planting, emphasizing ecosystem services like water, biodiversity, and carbon sequestration.
Targets: The mission aims to increase forest and tree cover by 10 million hectares, enhancing the overall quality of existing forests.
Community Involvement: GIM involves local communities in planning, decision-making, and monitoring at various levels.
Convergence: The mission collaborates with other schemes like MGNREGA and CAMPA for better environmental security.
Urban Focus: GIM addresses urban-peripheral land cover, recognizing the importance of green spaces in cities.
Financial Allocation: The mission faces challenges in budget allocation, as highlighted in the Parliamentary Committee Report.
Future Prospects : GIM’s success depends on strengthening implementation, addressing afforestation challenges, and incorporating research and innovation.

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Green Revolution Essay for Students and Children
Green Revolution Essay. Green Revolution is actually the process of increasing agricultural production by using modern machines and techniques. It was a scientific research-based technology initiative performed between 1950 and the late 1960s, that increased agricultural production worldwide, particularly in the developing world, beginning most ...
Green Revolution Essay in 100, 200, and 500 Words
Green Revolution Essay in 100, 200, and 500 Words. Norman Borlaug, an American Agronomist, is regarded as the father of the Green Revolution. His scientific methods of introducing modern agricultural techniques allowed the world to sustain agricultural production. In India, M.S. Swaminathan is known as the father of the green revolution.
Green Revolution in India
The term green revolution was first used by William Gaud. Norman Borlaug is considered the Father of the Green Revolution. In the year 1965, the government of India launched the Green Revolution with the help of a geneticist, now known as the father of the Green Revolution (India) M.S. Swaminathan. The movement of the Green Revolution was a ...
Green Revolution in India
The state of Punjab led India's Green Revolution and earned the distinction of being the "breadbasket of India.". The Green Revolution was a period that began in the 1960's during which agriculture in India was converted into a modern industrial system by the adoption of technology, such as the use of high yielding variety (HYV) seeds, mechanised farm tools, irrigation facilities, pesticides ...
Green Revolution
The green revolution was an important turn point for Indian agriculture. Read here to know more about the history and impact of the green revolution. The Green Revolution in India was initiated in the 1960s by introducing high-yielding varieties of rice and wheat to increase food production to alleviate hunger and poverty.
A Short Note on Green Revolution in India
The Green Revolution was an era in India's history that began in the 1960s, during which high yielding variety (HYV) seeds, mechanised farm tools, irrigation systems, pesticides, and fertilisers were used to transform agriculture into a modern industrial system. This period, which was primarily directed by Indian agricultural scientist M. S ...
Green Revolution
The Green Revolution, spreading over the period from 1967-68 to 1977-78, changed India's status from a food-deficient country to one of the world's leading agricultural nations. Green Revolution. Objectives of Green Revolution. Short Term: The revolution was launched to address India's hunger crisis during the second Five Year Plan.
Green Revolution Essay for Students in English
Essay on Green Revolution. The Green Revolution is the way toward expanding rural creation by utilizing current machines and strategies. It was a logical exploration-based innovation activity performed in 1950 and the last part of the 1960s, that expanded rural creation around the world, especially in the creating scene, starting most ...
The Green Revolution and Its Benefits in India
Published: May 14, 2021. The three basic elements of India's green revolution were the use of seeds with improved genetics, the continued expansion of plantations, and established farmland double-cropping. Through improving plant genetics, farmers were able to grow plants that were more disease resistant and, among other things, yielded a ...
Green Revolution Essay for Students in English
January 17, 2022 by Sandeep. Essay on Green Revolution: The beginning of the 1960's witnessed enormous growth in food production in India, particularly in northern regions like Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh. New varieties of high-yielding crops increased with innovation in technology, better seeds, irrigation practices, and farm pesticides.
Long and Short Essay on Green Revolution in English for Children and
The essays will be helpful in your school/college assignments and competitions like speech giving, essay writing or debate. Green Revolution Essay 1 (200 Words) Green Revolution began in the world sometime into 1950s and reached India in early 1960s; though, its prominent effects were only visible by the late 1960s.
Green Revolution in India Advantages, Impacts, Achievements
Impacts of Green Revolution in India. Although the revolution has benefited all food grains, including wheat, rice, jowar, bajra, and maize, other crops including coarse cereals, pulses, and oilseeds have been excluded. Major cash crops including sugarcane, cotton, jute, tea, and cotton were also largely unaffected by the Green Revolution.
Green revolution
green revolution, great increase in production of food grains (especially wheat and rice) that resulted in large part from the introduction into developing countries of new, high-yielding varieties, beginning in the mid-20th century.Its early dramatic successes were in Mexico and the Indian subcontinent.The new varieties require large amounts of chemical fertilizers and pesticides to produce ...
A short note on Green Revolution in India
However, the term 'Green Revolution' is applied to the period from 1967 to 1978. Between 1947 and 1967,efforts at achieving food self-sufficiency were not entirely successful. Efforts until 1967 largely concentrated on expanding the farming areas. But starvation deaths were still being reported in the newspaper.
Clean India Green India Essay
200 Words Essay On Clean India Green India. Our carbon footprint has significantly grown since the Industrial Revolution. Greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide and other exhaust gases from cars and factories. Ironically, life depends on the greenhouse effect, which is a natural occurrence. If this phenomena didn't exist, the earth would ...
Essay on Green Revolution in India
2. The Green Revolution was one factor that made Mrs. Indira Gandhi (1917-1984) and her party the Indian National Congress, a very powerful political force in India. Essay # Green Revolution: An Assessment: Overall, the Green Revolution Is a major achievement for India, as it has provided an unprecedented level of food security.
Green Revolution in India : A Case Study
Statistical Results of the Green Revolution 1) The Green Revolution resulted in a record grain output of 131 million tons in 197879. This established India as one of the world's biggest agricultural producers. No other country in the world, which attempted the Green Revolution recorded such level of success.
Essay on Green Revolution in India
Essay # 1. Subject Matter of Green Revolution: The new agricultural strategy was adopted in India during the Third Plan, i.e., during 1960s. As suggested by the team of experts of the Ford Foundation in its report "India's Crisis of Food and Steps to Meet it" in 1959 the Government decided to shift the strategy followed in agricultural sector of the country.
Essay on Green Revolution in India
Essay on Green Revolution in India. The term 'Green Revolution' refers to a sustained and continuous increase in agricultural productivity or a yield per acre take-off in traditional agriculture. The stress is on intensive rather than extensive cultivation so as to raise productivity per hectare. It signifies a shift to the agricultural ...
Green Revolution in India
Document Description: Green Revolution in India for UPSC 2024 is part of Economics Optional Notes for UPSC preparation. The notes and questions for Green Revolution in India have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus. Information about Green Revolution in India covers topics like Introduction, Green Revolution in India, Father of Green Revolution in India, Important Schemes Related ...
Essay on Green Revolution in India
10/15/2020 Essay on Green Revolution in India. Essay on Green Revolution in India Article shared by : ADVERTISEMENTS: Essay on Green Revolution in India! ... Short Notes on the Main Features of Green Revolution in India. Before publishing your articles on this site, please read the following pages: 1. Content Guidelines 2.
Essay on Green Revolution in English for Children and Students
The essays will be helpful in your school/college assignments and competitions like speech giving, essay writing or debate. Green Revolution Essay 1 (200 Words) Green Revolution began in the world sometime into 1950s and reached India in early 1960s; though, its prominent effects were only visible by the late 1960s.
Green India Essay in 10 Lines, 100, 1000 Words
Green India Essay in 10 Lines, 100, 1000 Words. Entrance Exams. November 10, 2023. Essay. Green India Essay - The Green India Mission (GIM) is a vital component of the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC), launched in February 2014. This mission aims to protect, restore, and enhance India's forest cover, addressing the challenges ...

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