role assignment azure cli

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How to find all the Azure Built-In Roles for Azure RBAC with Azure CLI, PowerShell, Docs, or AzAdvertizer

Here are a bunch of ways you can find which roles are built into Azure. This will come in super handy when you need to assign a role to a service principal or user with Azure CLI commands like this:

• Query the big honking json
• Query all, but only return Name and Id in a nice table
• Filter by name contains:

This one filters for roles with “Map” in the name:

Azure PowerShell

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/az.resources/get-azroledefinition?view=azps-3.8.0

This page has all the built in roles: https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/role-based-access-control/built-in-roles

AzAdvertizer

Just found this site today by Julian Hayward. It’s a great way to find roles

https://www.azadvertizer.net/azrolesadvertizer_all.html

Using the Azure CLI To Update and Manage User Permissions

The Azure CLI is a great tool for scripting updates to user permissions. In this guide, we'll walk through the basics of roles and groups and the common commands.

If you need to make user permission updates in an automated way, the Azure CLI can be a great option. In this article, we will be outlining the two main sources of user permissions, roles and groups, and how they intersect.

With a combination of roles and groups, you can maintain granular permissions across many different projects while adhering to the principle of least privilege .

Understanding Roles with Azure RBAC

Azure roles are a flexible way to designate user permissions. With Azure RBAC (role-based access control), you can unlock access to certain resources and actions by assigning a user to a certain role, which comes with an accompanying set of permissions.

These are some examples of common built-in roles: 

• Contributor: Can create and manage Azure resources
• Owner: Access to all resources and can extend access to others
• Reader: Can view only existing Azure resources
• User Access Administrator: Can manage access to Azure resources

You can narrow access further by assigning a user with a role in relation to a specific scope (e.g. resource group, application id, etc.). If you need a unique combination of permissions and expect to have similar use cases in the future, you can also create custom roles by providing either a JSON role definition file or a PSRoleDefinition object as input.

Assigning Roles with the Azure CLI

You will likely need to update someone’s role if they are new to your organization or have been assigned to a new project; or inversely, if they are leaving or no longer need access. Here are the steps for making these changes with the Azure CLI.

Adding a Role to a User

To assign a role to a user in Azure, you can use the “ az role assignment create ” command. You have to specify three components, the assignee, the role, and the resource groups or scope of access. In the following example, we’re assigning Reader access (role definition) to user John Smith for the scope of a certain resource group.

Removing a Role from a User

Next, to remove the role from the same user, we would use the “ az role assignment delete ” command. This command uses the exact same parameters:

These commands should enable you to make these role updates manually, or script a repeatable workflow for new employees or new projects.

Understanding Groups in Azure 

In GCP or AWS, Identify Access Management (IAM) groups are a way to extend access and authorization services/APIs to a team. Groups in Azure serve the same purpose, but Azure is slightly different in that groups are created directly using Azure’s Active Directory (AD). 

You can create a new group using the command “ az ad group create ” , and specify a display name and a mail nickname. Here’s an example:

Management of IAM groups in Azure involves the same kinds of tasks you would perform in typical user groups, whether it’s adding or deleting individual users, giving them specific levels of IAM permissions, or managing groups of users as a whole, among many others.

For example, you can assign a group with a certain role for a certain scope or resource group. To do this, you’ll first need to get the object ID for the group using this command:

The object ID will be a string of numbers in this format:

“xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx”

Now that you have the group ID, you can use the “ az role assignment create ” command to assign a role to that group:

The combination of user roles and group roles allows for organizations to have a flexible and secure solution for permissions as your company grows or projects change.

Adding or Removing a Users to Groups

If you want to add a user to a group, you’ll need to run the “ az ad group member add ”   command. You will need to plug in values for a group parameter (either the specific group id or display name) and a member-id parameter.

Here is an example of that command:

Removing a member from a group uses the same parameters, and uses the “ az ad group member remove ” command instead:

You can also use the same parameters with the “ az ad group member check ” command to check whether the member was removed from the group.

Automate Permission Updates with Blink

Most likely, as your organization grows, changing and updating permissions and policies will take up more time. Instead of having to look up the specific command for each of these actions, you could use a low-code tool like Blink to handle tasks like this in a couple clicks.

Get started with Blink today to see how easy automation can be.

Automate your security operations everywhere.

Blink is secure, decentralized, and cloud-native. 
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Assigning Service Principals to Groups and Roles with the Azure CLI

The more I use Azure the more often I find myself needing to assign various managed identities / service principals to various groups and roles, and while that can be done in the Portal, it's cumbersome and I'd prefer to automate it.

So in this post I'll sharing a few Azure CLI commands that should prove useful whenever you're configuring Service Principals.

Getting a service principal's object id

Suppose you know the name of the service principal, but not the "object id", which is required for assigning it to groups and roles. You can use a filter with the az ad sp list command to find that service principal and then a query to pick out just the object id.

Note that you should avoid trying to use the query parameter to find the matching name, as that will likely not find it as it only applies to the first page of results .

Note that the object id is different from the app id. If you do need the app id for any reason you just need to change the query parameter:

Adding to a group

Suppose we want to add the service principal to a group. We need the group id to do that, and if we need to look it up, we can do so with the az ad group list command and using a filter .

Then the az ad group member add command allows us to add the object id of our service principal to the group.

Creating a role assignment

If we want to create a role assignment, then as well as knowing the user we're assigning the role to and the name of the role, we also need to provide a " scope " for that to apply to. This is typically a long / delimited path to an Azure resource. So for a KeyVault it might look like this:

You can of course construct this string yourself, but actually this is quite often just the "ID" of the resource as returned by the Azure CLI. So we could get the above value with the following command:

And now that we have the scope, we can simply use the az role assignment create to assign the role to our service principal, and we can pass the role name directly (in this example it's "Key Vault Administrator"):

Hope this proves useful to you.

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What is the default RBAC scope used when assigning a role in Azure with the CLI?

This is the documentation for the az role assignment create command: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cli/azure/role/assignment?view=azure-cli-latest#az-role-assignment-create

--score is an optional parameter. This is what the documentation says about it:

Scope at which the role assignment or definition applies to, e.g., /subscriptions/0b1f6471-1bf0-4dda-aec3-111122223333, /subscriptions/0b1f6471-1bf0-4dda-aec3-111122223333/resourceGroups/myGroup, or /subscriptions/0b1f6471-1bf0-4dda-aec3-111122223333/resourceGroups/myGroup/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/myVM.

As you can see, it doesn't say what the default value for this parameter is. I can't find it anywhere, so I found myself forced to ask here.

• I can't select my own answer as the correct one because I have to wait 2 days, but that's the correct answer anyways. –  Adrian Jan 22, 2022 at 4:25

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/role-based-access-control/role-assignments-cli#step-4-assign-role

Apparently, when the --scope parameter is not provided its value depends on whether the --resource-group parameter is provided or not. If you provide that parameter, then it's like if you specified the resource group scope. Else, the subscription scope is assumed.

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Add or edit Azure role assignment conditions using Azure CLI

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An Azure role assignment condition is an additional check that you can optionally add to your role assignment to provide more fine-grained access control. For example, you can add a condition that requires an object to have a specific tag to read the object. This article describes how to add, edit, list, or delete conditions for your role assignments using Azure CLI.

Prerequisites

For information about the prerequisites to add or edit role assignment conditions, see Conditions prerequisites .

Add a condition

To add a role assignment condition, use az role assignment create . The az role assignment create command includes the following parameters related to conditions.

The following example shows how to assign the Storage Blob Data Reader role with a condition. The condition checks whether container name equals 'blobs-example-container'.

The following shows an example of the output:

Edit a condition

To edit an existing role assignment condition, use az role assignment update and a JSON file as input. The following shows an example JSON file where condition and description are updated. Only the condition , conditionVersion , and description properties can be edited. You must specify all the properties to update the role assignment condition.

Use az role assignment update to update the condition for the role assignment.

List a condition

To list a role assignment condition, use az role assignment list . For more information, see List Azure role assignments using Azure CLI .

Delete a condition

To delete a role assignment condition, edit the role assignment condition and set both the condition and condition-version properties to either an empty string ( "" ) or null .

Alternatively, if you want to delete both the role assignment and the condition, you can use the az role assignment delete command. For more information, see Remove Azure role assignments .

• Example Azure role assignment conditions for Blob Storage
• Tutorial: Add a role assignment condition to restrict access to blobs using Azure CLI
• Troubleshoot Azure role assignment conditions

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Use high-level (s3) commands with the AWS CLI

Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) is a generally utilized, versatile, and highly dependable object storage service provided by Amazon Web Services (AWS). S3 allows you to store and recover any measure of data whenever, from anyplace on the web, while the AWS Management Console Center offers an easy to understand interface for managing S3, and the AWS Command Line Interface (CLI) gives a strong option in contrast to automation, scripting, and high level configurations.

Utilizing the AWS CLI, you can carry out various tasks, for example, creating and managing buckets, uploading and downloading files, setting bucket policies, and substantially more. This article plans to introduce you to the most widely recognized AWS S3 CLI commands, giving a far reaching manual for assist you with effectively dealing with your S3 resources from the command line. Whether you are a carefully prepared developer or a beginner cloud user, dominating these commands will fundamentally improve your capacity to interact with AWS S3.

Primary Terminologies

• AWS CLI: The AWS Command Line Interface is a brought together tool to deal with your AWS services. With only one tool to download and configure, you have some control over various AWS services from the command line and automate them through scripts.
• Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service): Amazon S3 is an object storage service that offers industry-leading adaptability, data accessibility, security, and performance. Clients of all sizes and industries can utilize it to store and protect any measure of data for a scope of use cases, like data lakes, websites, mobile applications, backup and restore, archive, enterprise applications, IoT devices, and large data analytics.
• Bucket: A bucket is a container for storing objects (files and their metadata) in Amazon S3. Each bucket is particularly named and can hold a limitless number of objects.
• Object: An object is the principal substance put away in Amazon S3. Objects comprise of data and metadata. The data segment is obscure to Amazon S3, while the metadata is a bunch of name-esteem coordinates that portray the object .
• Bucket Policy: A bucket policy is an resource based arrangement that you can use to concede permissions to your S3 bucket and the objects in it. These arrangements are communicated in JSON format and allow you to define who can access to the bucket, what activities they can perform, and under what conditions.
• IAM Role/User: Identity and Access Management (IAM) roles and users are substances that define permissions for accessing to AWS resources. IAM roles are utilized to assign admittance to AWS services, while IAM users are novel personalities inside your AWS account with explicit consents.
• Access Control List (ACL): ACLs are utilized to manage permissions on individual objects inside a bucket. ACLs tendons define which AWS accounts or groups are allowed access and the kind of access.

Step-by-Step Process for Common S3 CLI Commands

Step 1: install and configure aws cli.

To Install AWS CLI follow below commands:

To Configure AWS CLI follow below command

• Run below command to set up your credentials and default region

Step 2: Common AWS S3 CLI Commands

• Create a Bucket: This command uses to Creates a new S3 bucket.

• List Buckets: By using this command we can check bucket list.

• List Objects in a Bucket: Lists all objects in the specified S3 bucket.

• Upload a File to a Bucket: By using this command we can upload file to specified S3 Bucket.

• Download a File from a Bucket: To download file from the specified S3 bucket to current directory.

• Delete a File from a Bucket: To delete file from specified S3 bucket.

• Delete a Bucket: To delete S3 Bucket.

• Sync Directories: Synchronizes the contents of my-local-dir with the specified S3 bucket.

AWS S3 CLI Commands Along with their use cases

The AWS Command Line Interface (CLI) is an incredible tool that empowers you to manage with your Amazon S3 resources efficiently and really from the command line. By mastering the common S3 CLI commands, you can automate different tasks, smooth out your work processes, and upgrade your efficiency while working with S3.

This article covered fundamental S3 activities, for example, making and managing buckets, transferring and downloading documents, setting bucket policies, and more. Understanding the essential terminologies like buckets, objects, IAM roles, bucket policies, and VPC endpoints is urgent for utilizing the maximum capacity of AWS S3 through the CLI.

By integrating these practices and orders into your daily schedule, you can ensure secure, adaptable, and financially management of your S3 resources. Whether you are backing up basic data, serving static content, or running complex data analytics, the AWS CLI engages you to deal with this large number of undertakings easily and accuracy.

S3 CLI Commands – FAQs

Can i delete all objects in a bucket.

You can delete all objects in a bucket using the aws s3 rm command with the –recursive option aws s3 rm s3://my-bucket –recursive

What are the advantages of utilizing AWS S3 CLI commands?

Utilizing AWS S3 CLI commands gives a few advantages, including automation of repetitive tasks, consistent integration with scripts and DevOps tools, exact command over S3 tasks, and the capacity to manage S3 resources from the command line without utilizing the AWS Management Console.

How to create bucket?

We can create bucket by using following command aws s3 mb s3://my-new-bucket

How would I configure the AWS CLI to utilize my credentials?

You can configure the AWS CLI by running the aws configure command. This command prompts you to enter your AWS Access Key ID, Secret Access Key, default area name, and default region name. These certifications are put away in the ~/.aws/credentials and ~/.aws/config files.

Might I perform operations on various S3 bucket on the double?

The AWS CLI doesn’t locally support batch operations on numerous buckets, however, you can utilize shell scripting to loop through a rundown of buckets and apply commands to every one. For example, utilizing a for loop in a Bash Script can assist you with executing orders on multiple buckets.

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