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Twenty Important Research Questions in Microbial Exposure and Social Equity

Affiliations.

1 University of Sheffield, Department of Landscape Architecture, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
2 Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of North Dakotagrid.266862.e School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA.
3 Centric Lab, London, United Kingdom.
4 Department of Literacy, Early, Bilingual and Special Education, Kremen School of Education and Human Development, California State University, Fresno, California, USA.
5 College of Science and Engineering, Flinders Universitygrid.1014.4, Bedford Park, SA, Australia.
6 University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
7 School of the Environment, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA.
8 University of Arizonagrid.134563.6, School of Anthropology and Center for Regional Food Studies, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
9 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA.
10 University of Oregon, Biology and the Built Environment Center, Eugene, Oregon, USA.
11 American International College of Arts and Sciences of Antigua, Antigua and Barbuda, West Indies.
12 Department of Genetics, Cell, and Development, University of Minnesotagrid.17635.36, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
13 Department of System & Engineering Management, Dayton, Ohio, USA.
14 University of Oregon, Institute of Molecular Biology, Eugene, Oregon, USA.
15 Department of Student Development, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA.
16 University of Colorado Bouldergrid.266190.a, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Boulder, Colorado, USA.
17 Department of Landscape Architecture, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
18 Department of Integrative Physiology, Center for Neuroscience, and Center for Microbial Exploration, University of Colorado Bouldergrid.266190.a, Boulder, Colorado, USA.
19 Architectural Association School of Architecture, London, United Kingdom.
20 Department of Architecture, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA.
21 Program of Environmental Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.
22 School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Centre for Integrative Ecology, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia.
23 Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
24 St. Andrews Botanic Garden, Canongate, St. Andrews, Fife, United Kingdom.
25 Bio-integrated Design Lab, Bartlett School of Architecture, London, United Kingdom.
26 School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
27 University of Maine, School of Food and Agriculture, Orono, Maine, USA.
PMID: 35089060
PMCID: PMC8725600
DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01240-21

Social and political policy, human activities, and environmental change affect the ways in which microbial communities assemble and interact with people. These factors determine how different social groups are exposed to beneficial and/or harmful microorganisms, meaning microbial exposure has an important socioecological justice context. Therefore, greater consideration of microbial exposure and social equity in research, planning, and policy is imperative. Here, we identify 20 research questions considered fundamentally important to promoting equitable exposure to beneficial microorganisms, along with safeguarding resilient societies and ecosystems. The 20 research questions we identified span seven broad themes, including the following: (i) sociocultural interactions; (ii) Indigenous community health and well-being; (iii) humans, urban ecosystems, and environmental processes; (iv) human psychology and mental health; (v) microbiomes and infectious diseases; (vi) human health and food security; and (vii) microbiome-related planning, policy, and outreach. Our goal was to summarize this growing field and to stimulate impactful research avenues while providing focus for funders and policymakers.

Keywords: biopolitics; health disparities; integrated research; microbiomes; social determinants of health; structural determinants; structural determinants of health.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

A systems-level view of microbiomes,…

A systems-level view of microbiomes, hosts, societies, and ecosystems, and strategies to meld…

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50 important research questions in microbial ecology

Related Papers

Alexandre de Menezes

One sentence summary: We identify research questions in the field of microbial ecology, with emerging themes that recognise vast microbial functions that could benefit humanity, and the need to integrate knowledge across organisms.

Silvia Pajares Moreno

Research in microbial ecology is challenging due to its inherent complexity and, at the same time, is extremely important, because the relationships between microorganisms and their environments have a crucial role in the health of the planet and all of its inhabitants. Despite major challenges, new technological advances in genomic sciences have prompted microbial ecology into a revolution in data generation that has allowed us to move beyond studies of single isolates to the study of entire microbial communities without reliance on culture-dependent methods. Besides the data generation using these molecular tools, the adequate use of a theoretical framework is needed to test specific hypothesis and develop mechanistic models of microbial diversity. The development of a theory-based and hypothesis-driven research, along with a complex systems analytical approach, will result in appropriate models required to predict and possibly control the effect of environmental impacts on microbial diversity.

Peter Young

Abstract Microbial ecology is currently undergoing a revolution, with repercussions spreading throughout microbiology, ecology and ecosystem science. The rapid accumulation of molecular data is uncovering vast diversity, abundant uncultivated microbial groups and novel microbial functions.

magendira mani vinayagam

Annual Review of Microbiology

Kenneth Raffa

Filippo Bertoni

Frontiers Research Topics

Luis Comolli

Jenny Rocca

Translating the ever-increasing wealth of information on microbiomes (environment, host, or built environment) to advance the understanding of system-level processes is proving to be an exceptional research challenge. One reason for this challenge is that relationships between characteristics of microbiomes and the system-level processes they influence are often evaluated in the absence of a robust conceptual framework and reported without elucidating the underlying causal mechanisms. The reliance on correlative approaches limits the potential to expand the inference of a single relationship to additional systems and advance the field. We propose that research focused on how microbiomes influence the systems they inhabit should work within a common framework and target known microbial processes that contribute to the system-level processes of interest. Here we identify three distinct categories of microbiome characteristics (microbial processes, microbial community properties, and m...

Frontiers in Microbiology

Elena Litchman

Microbes and Environments

Yoichi Kamagata

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A hundred spotlights on microbiology: how microorganisms shape our lives

Didac carmona-gutierrez.

1 Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.

Katharina Kainz

Andreas zimmermann, sebastian j. hofer, maria a. bauer, christoph ruckenstuhl, guido kroemer.

2 Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.

3 Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.

4 Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.

Frank Madeo

5 BioHealth Graz, Graz, Austria.

6 BioTechMed Graz, Graz 8010, Austria.

Viral, bacterial, fungal and protozoal biology is of cardinal importance for the evolutionary history of life, ecology, biotechnology and infectious diseases. Various microbiological model systems have fundamentally contributed to the understanding of molecular and cellular processes, including the cell cycle, cell death, mitochondrial biogenesis, vesicular fusion and autophagy, among many others. Microbial interactions within the environment have profound effects on many fields of biology, from ecological diversity to the highly complex and multifaceted impact of the microbiome on human health. Also, biotechnological innovation and corresponding industrial operations strongly depend on microbial engineering. With this wide range of impact in mind, the peer-reviewed and open access journal Microbial Cell was founded in 2014 and celebrates its 100 th issue this month. Here, we briefly summarize how the vast diversity of microbiological subjects influences our personal and societal lives and shortly review the milestones achieved by Microbial Cell during the last years.

THE MANY IMPLICATIONS AND CHALLENGES OF MICROBIAL RESEARCH

The history of life on Earth is mainly microbial. The emergence of the first microorganisms 3-4 billion years ago [ 1 ] was the initial step for the establishment of terrestrial life. Microorganisms critically contributed to our planet's transformation, with the rise of photosynthetic bacteria allowing for oxygen to build up in the atmosphere [ 2 ]. Nowadays, microorganisms continue to affect the planet's biosphere and are an integral and inextricable part of our lives at different levels. The exploration of the microbial world is not only key to understanding ourselves but can provide answers to many medical, technological and scientific questions we face as humankind. Here, we briefly summarize the main areas, on which microorganisms impact today and will in the future, in particular (i) infectious diseases, (ii) symbiotic interactions, (iii) biotechnological applications and (iv) biological models ( Figure 1 ).

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INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Infectious diseases continue to threaten our lives and societies, as revealed by the current COVID-19 pandemic. This applies in particular to persisting, emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. In that respect, it will be important to monitor the human-animal interface, and recognize that many emerging diseases are zoonotic, i.e. they spread between animals and humans and have an animal reservoir [ 3 ]. This threat emanates from all microbial phyla. Apart from minatory viral infections [ 4 ], bacterial and fungal infections continue to cause millions of deaths worldwide [ 5 , 6 ]. An alarming rise in antibiotic and antifungal resistance exacerbates this menace [ 5 , 7 ], representing one of the most acute challenges in medical microbiology. Finally, protozoan infections remain a public health threat associated with significant morbidity and continue to have a substantial socioeconomic impact [ 8 , 9 ]. The limited advancements in vaccination strategies and the increasing parasite resistance against existing drugs further exacerbate the problem [ 10 ]. Also, coinfections of different pathogens belonging to one or different species can occur, resulting in additional challenges [ 11 – 14 ]. Thus, more work is needed to explore the molecular and pathological interaction between co-infecting microorganisms. This applies to both the direct interplay with each other and the indirect interaction through the host, for instance via the immune system. Altogether, infectious diseases continue to be devastating despite the many medical improvements accomplished in the last decades. Of note, many microbial pathogens also pose a threat to agriculture and livestock farming [ 15 , 16 ], which further aggravates the socioeconomic burden of infectious diseases.

SYMBIOTIC INTERACTIONS

The participation of microorganisms in symbiotic interactions determines a vast range of biological aspects across species. In particular, the human gut microbiota – the collection of bacteria, archaea and eukarya colonizing the gastrointestinal tract [ 17 ] - has attracted much attention in the past decade. The gut microbiota has a deep impact on many instances of human biology, ranging from development, physiology and immune homeostasis to health, nutrition and even behavior [ 18 – 21 ]. In addition, the importance of the human virome is increasingly being recognized. The human virome is composed of bacteriophages that infect bacteria, viruses that infect other cellular microorganisms (archaea, eukarya), viruses that infect human cells and some transitory viruses originating in food [ 22 ]. Their interactions with the human host are only beginning to be understood, but clearly hint towards a decisive role in health (e.g. via interplay with the host immune system) and multiple diseases (e.g. diabetes, hypertension and cancer) [ 22 ]. From a broader perspective, microbial symbiosis affects and co-defines a vast array of ecological aspects, ranging from plant growth [ 23 ] to defensive capacities [ 24 ]. For instance, complete ecosystems like hydrothermal vents and coral reefs exemplify the ecological success of microbial-multicellular symbioses. Finally, symbiosis can uniquely drive evolutionary innovation; this is maybe best embodied in the endosymbiotic origins of mitochondria and chloroplasts in eukaryotic cells [ 25 , 26 ], where the symbiont was cellularly and genomically integrated into the host.

BIOTECHNOLOGY

From a historical or even pre-historical perspective, already in ancient times, microorganisms were used as tools to produce, ferment or process a diversity of important food items including vinegar, bread, beer, fish, cheese and wine [ 27 ]. In other words, microorganisms were actively used as biotechnological agents long before the scientific basis underlying these processes was even known. Nowadays, microorganisms represent an essential backbone of many biotechnological applications thanks to their rapid growth for quick production, technical versatility for production design and wide applicability to a number of industrial sectors. Indeed, fundamental and applied microbiology are essential components of modern biotechnology with an ever-increasing economic impact. For instance, the food industry heavily relies on microorganisms for applications that range from fermented food items and alcoholic beverages to food grade components and bio-based ingredients in general. Thus, bacteria are used for the production of thickening or gelling agents, flavor compounds and enhancers, acidulants, vitamins and colorants [ 28 ]. Moreover, microorganisms have a deep impact on biotechnological approaches in agriculture and aquaculture with developments ahead that may use host-microbe interactions and the host microbiome for sustainable production [ 29 ]. Microorganisms also play a significant role in environmental biotechnology, including municipal and industrial water waste management [ 30 ] as well as treatment of solid hazardous waste [ 31 ]. Other applications involve the treatment of oil spillage [ 32 ], radioactive contamination [ 33 ], electronic waste processing [ 34 ], bioleaching (the extraction of metals from their ores through the action of microorganisms) [ 35 ] or even space biomining [ 36 ]. Yet another economically relevant use is energy production. Biofuels are produced by engineered microorganisms that utilize renewable carbon sources. Although they have shown great potential in replacing fossil fuels (especially ethanol and biodiesel), there are still some limitations, including applicability in conventional engines and high costs [ 37 ]. So-called microbial fuel cells (MFCs), which use bacteria to oxidize organic and inorganic matter in order to generate current, may represent an appealing electrogenic approach in the future [ 38 ]. Another example of microbial biotechnology is pharmaceutical production, which includes heterologous expression of human proteins, microbial enzymes or drug compounds for medical and research purposes [ 39 ]. Some of the aforementioned examples are established processes while others are still in development, revealing the huge potential and economic impact of microorganisms in technological approaches [ 40 ].

MODELLING BASIC PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY

The short generation time, facile cultivation and ease of genetic manipulation have established a number of microorganisms as widely used model organisms. Escherichia coli has been instrumental in the discovery and understanding of basic molecular biology processes, including DNA replication, DNA-to-RNA transcription and the genetic code allowing for RNA-to-protein translation. To date, a total of twelve Nobel Prizes were awarded for work that used E. coli as a research organism or tool, and its potential to assist in further advancements remains high [ 41 ]. A number of other prokaryotes (including archaea [ 42 ]) are actively used as model organisms. For example, Bacillus subtilis is applied to study biofilms, bacterial asymmetry or morphogenesis [ 43 ], cyanobacteria like Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 to model photosynthesis [ 44 ], or Caulobacter crescentus for the study of cellular differentiation, motility or mechanosensing [ 45 ]. Green algae, including unicellular Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and multicellular Volvox carteri (Volvox), also serve as model organisms. C. reinhardtii bears both animal-like organelles (cilia) and plant-like organelles (chloroplasts), allowing research into the function of flagella and photosynthesis [ 46 ]. Volvox is mainly used to investigate developmental mechanisms and the evolutionary origins of multicellularity [ 47 ]. Other protists include the giant heterotrichous ciliate Stentor coeruleus as a model for cellular regeneration and wound healing [ 48 ] and the ciliate Oxytricha , which is employed in the areas of genome biology, post-zygotic development and epigenetic inheritance [ 49 ]. The eukaryotic nature of these cells allows for the study of essential and medically relevant molecular processes. Similarly, yeast cells display all advantages of unicellular model organisms paired with a high degree of conservation that has made yeast a fundamental partner in elucidating many aspects of human physiology and pathology [ 50 ]. Work performed in yeast has been awarded five Nobel Prizes in the past two decades. The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used to study a multitude of human diseases (e.g. neurodegeneration, cancer) [ 51 , 52 ], characterize basic physiological processes (e.g. cell death, aging, autophagy, mitochondrial import, vesicle fusion, cell cycle) [ 53 – 64 ] and identify novel medical drugs (e.g. antiaging, anticancer, antiparasitic, antifungal) [ 56 , 65 – 70 ], among many other applications [ 71 ]. Another example is the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe , which is used to analyze, for example, cell cycle processes or DNA checkpoints [ 72 , 73 ].

A PUBLICATION PLATFORM FOR MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH

Given the many layers of how microorganisms wield huge influence on our lives, the open-access journal Microbial Cell was founded with the idea to generate an online agora for all types of research in the microbiological field. The current issue (Volume 9, Issue 4) marks a milestone in Microbial Cell 's history: it represents the 100 th issue since the journal was launched in January 2014. This occasion is a timely moment to take stock and reflect on how Microbial Cell has developed and contributed to the research fields of unicellular and multicellular microorganisms over the past years.

The mere fact that a journal run by active academic scientists and through an independent publisher (Shared Science Publishers) has established itself in the highly competitive business of peer-reviewed scientific publishing is per se a great achievement. That this has occurred in a radically open-access fashion and in such an important and trending field like microbiology adds even more value to this accomplishment. We take this opportunity to thank all authors who have published their articles in Microbial Cell for their trust put in the journal to run the evaluation and dissemination processes of their work. At the same time, we congratulate the authors for the high quality of their papers: the around 400 articles that have been published since the journal was launched have now cumulatively been cited more than 4000 times (Web of Science, Clarivate Analytics).

We acknowledge all members of the Editorial Board for their long-standing commitment and reliability. Indeed, our Editorial Board has the arduous task to evaluate submissions in ten different thematic subareas: aging, cell death, cell physiology and cell signaling, genome stability and structure, infection biology, microbiome, mitochondria, parasitology, stress response, and structural & systems biology. During the manuscript evaluation process, these editors strongly rely on the expertise and rigor of peer reviewers, who invest a great amount of their time in improving the submitted work. We are very grateful to all our referees throughout the world for their invaluable input. The combined effort of all partners of the ecosystem, authors, editors and reviewers, has consistently improved the journal throughout these years to place it at the apex of microbiology.

A BRIEF HISTORY OF MICROBIAL CELL

Microbial Cell emerged as an academic effort from a group of active scientists to apprehend the thematic heterogeneity of microbial research. Accordingly, the inaugural Editorial from January 2014 outlined that Microbial Cell would have the mission to facilitate “the characterization of unicellular organisms (or multicellular microorganisms) in their response to internal and external stimuli and/or in the context of human health and disease” [ 74 ]. This definition mirrored well the initial and still persisting idea of a publication platform that acknowledges microbiological interdisciplinarity.

Following these objectives, the first 100 issues of Microbial Cell have accompanied and contributed to several developments in microbiological research during the last eight years. For instance, in a much regarded Microbial Cell paper of 2015, Alexander Varshavsky and colleagues described formylated N-terminal methionine as a novel bacterial degradation signal used in a new branch of the bacterial N-end rule pathway [ 75 ]. Varshavsky's lab was instrumental in the discovery of the ubiquitin system of intracellular protein degradation and was the first to describe the connection between the N-terminal residue of a protein and its half-life [ 76 , 77 ]. As another example, in 2016 Microbial Cell published a highly cited review, in which Daniel J. Klionsky and colleagues provided a brief but comprehensive summary on the roles, regulatory instances and molecular mechanisms of autophagy [ 78 ]. 2016 was also the year, in which Yoshinori Ohsumi was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the mechanisms orchestrating this intracellular degradation pathway, which were uncovered in yeast cells [ 79 – 81 ]. In 2018 Microbial Cell published a review by Francisco J.M. Mójica and colleagues that provided an overview of the CRISPR-Cas mechanism as a prokaryotic immune system and discussed a number of evolutionary implications [ 82 ]. Mójica's achievements, particularly his groundbreaking work characterizing CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) loci [ 83 , 84 ], laid the ground for the development of CRISPR-Cas as the most important tool for genomic editing that exists to date. In 2020, Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer A. Doudna received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the development of this method [ 85 ]. One final example for how Microbial Cell has contributed to research deals with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes the highly infectious disease COVID-19. The multilayered consequences of COVID-19 at the individual, social, political and economic levels are unprecedented in our globalized world. Microbial Cell has been publishing diverse papers on SARS-CoV-2, ranging from mechanistic viewpoints to methodological approaches for viral detection and molecular modelling.

The last 100 issues have seen Microbial Cell grow as a journal and establish itself in the microbiology publishing sphere. The journal's CiteScore (Scopus) is currently 7.1 (provisional score for 2021), which ranks the journal at top positions in all relevant microbiology-related categories. Microbial Cell has established roots in various research communities as highlighted by reviews, research papers, commentaries, as well as by a number of guideline papers that establish unified criteria in a number of fields, for instance in DNA recombination and repair, yeast cell death and antifungal and antibiofilm agents. Furthermore, Microbial Cell has initiated the publication of several Special Issues on a diverse range of topics, following a concept, in which incoming papers are published in regular issues and then collected in the Special Issue repositorium. That way, Special Issues can be updated continuously and refreshed by new articles that capture new evolving knowledge. Until now, Microbial Cell has launched Special Issues on the following topics [ 86 ]: sexually transmitted infections (started in 2016), the human microbiome in health and disease (started in 2019), hygiene in healthcare (started in 2019), microbiology in cultural heritage (started in 2021) and yeast cell death (started in 2022).

In the course of the last eight years, Microbial Cell has strengthened its position in the microbiology-publishing landscape by attaining a number of milestones. In 2014, Microbial Cell partnered with the World Health Organization's HINARI program to support free access to biomedical research literature. That same year, Microbial Cell also became a member of Crossref, an official digital object identifier (DOI) registration agency, providing each article with a persistent interoperable identifier that also enables to precisely link citations across publishers of online academic journals. Also in 2014, Microbial Cell was indexed in Sherpa/RoMEO, an aggregator of open access policies of academic journals. In addition, Microbial Cell secured a partnership with the Austrian National Library to ensure digital long-term archiving and perpetual access to its complete content. After successful applications to the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) and the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Microbial Cell was accepted in these two renowned repositories in 2015. One year later, Microbial Cell was awarded the very selective DOAJ Seal (allocated to only 10% of DOAJ-indexed journals) for best practice in open access publishing. Also in 2016, Microbial Cell entered the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) list to acknowledge that it follows the ICMJE's Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals. That same year, Microbial Cell was selected for inclusion in Clarivate Analytics' (formerly Thomson Reuters) Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI), thus allowing the journal to be accessed through the Web of Science. This selection subsequently allowed for inclusion into additional Web of Science indexes: Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Previews, Current Contents Life Sciences and Essential Science Indicators. One of the most important milestones was reached in 2017, when Microbial Cell was accepted in Pubmed Central, the archive of biomedical and life sciences journal literature at the U.S. National Institutes of Health's National Library of Medicine (NIH/NLM). After long evaluation periods, Microbial Cell was further accepted in two of the most selective indexes, Elsevier's Scopus (2019) and Clarivate Analytics' Science Citation Index Expanded SCIE (2021).

THE CONCEPT OF MICROBIAL CELL

Over the past few years, Microbial Cell has persistently paid high attention to the quality of its published material. Content-related aspects like novelty, methodology, data presentation, appropriate interpretation, etc., are certainly the main denominators of quality in any submission. In addition, the increasing number of scientific misconduct cases requires special attention. That is why Microbial Cell implements a very strict and careful evaluation of any submitted material in relation to possible data fabrication, data falsification including inadequate manipulation of images and plagiarism. Thus, each submitted work is tested via CrossCheck, a plagiarism detection service powered by the detection software iThenticate. If concerns are raised, Microbial Cell initiates appropriate procedures as detailed by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

With respect to article accessibility , Microbial Cell has always followed an open access approach and used a creative commons (CC) license for copyright purposes. Microbial Cell is published under the CC BY license, which is probably the most generous type of CC licenses. The CC BY license authorizes third parties to share and adapt the published work, even for commercial goals, as long as the authors are appropriately credited and changes are indicated. Thereby, the work can be accessed completely free and with no restrictions; the only prerequisite is the connection to the internet, with no other financial, legal or technical limitations. This approach maximizes the visibility of published work and at the same time, ensures that scientific knowledge is universally and freely accessible to every interested individual around the world. This openness reflects the essential values of science and acts as an effective driver of active research, promoting the free exchange of ideas. Incidentally, 2022 marks the 20 th anniversary of the Budapest Open Access Initiative, the public statement of principles relating and defining open access to the research literature.

As mentioned, unrestricted article accessibility promotes visibility and increases the impact of a scientific work. The assessment of such an impact involves citations by scholarly journals (because this assessment is peer-connected), which derives in rankings by dedicated indexes. However, we also do acknowledge that alternative outlets, for instance social media, are important indicators of public interest as they increase the diffusion of information at the item (article)-level. Accordingly, Microbial Cell actively uses the corresponding channels including Twitter and Facebook. The journal also provides a social impact measure for each article through PlumX Metrics, a comprehensive monitoring tool that calculates altmetrics for scholarly works.

The involvement in, and commitment to, the broad thematic scope of neglected, emerging and trendy microbiology-related topics is a defining characteristic of Microbial Cell . As such, the journal has been continuously supporting the efforts of the microbiology research community well beyond its role as a publication platform. For instance, Microbial Cell runs a waiver program (DevResearch Program) that allows for the partial or complete exemption of article processing charges for corresponding authors based in low-income or lower-middle-income countries. The journal has also sponsored several prizes at and provided support to international conferences, including the Theodor Escherich Symposium on medical microbiome research, the International Symposium “One mitochondrion, many diseases”, or the International Meeting on Yeast Apoptosis.

Since the genesis of Microbial Cell , we have been aware of the plethora of facets that make microorganisms a fundamental part of our lives, including at the historical, medical, diagnostic, evolutionary, ecological, environmental, cultural, biotechnological and modelling levels. In accord with this conviction, we have published 100 issues that reflect the wide-ranging importance of microbial research. As we have outlined in this piece, this involves a number of challenges and opportunities that we will continue to embrace in the future.

Microbiology has long been at the forefront of research and has attained many achievements in diverse areas of life science and medical practice. Its popularity has gained new heights in recent years, not only due to its ever-increasing applicability, but also due to the unprecedented threat of rising antibiotic and antifungal resistance, as well as due to the re-emergence of old infectious diseases and the emergence of new ones. Indeed, microorganisms represent both opportunity and threat. As the Editors of Microbial Cell , we have the responsibility to ensure adequate selection of publications that represent a high level of contemporary science. At the same time, we have the ambition to provide an open interdisciplinary communication space for microbiologists from all subdisciplines around the globe, in the interest of scientific and societal progress.

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Profiling of T cell responses in the lungs of patients with pneumonia revealed that early and persistent enrichment of T cells correlates with survival from SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Notably, lung T cells with an interferon-stimulated profile and specific for SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins support survival, whereas those that gain a nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)-driven inflammatory profile and are directed against nonstructural proteins were associated with poor clinical outcomes.

Host–gut microbiota crosstalk predicts neuroinflammation

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Federica D’Amico

The translocation assembly module (TAM) catalyzes the assembly of bacterial outer membrane proteins in vitro

The bacterial TAM complex has been proposed to participate in the assembly of some outer membrane proteins (OMPs) based primarily on in vivo experiments that used mutant strains. Here, Wang et al. use the purified complex reconstituted into proteoliposomes to demonstrate that TAM can indeed catalyze OMP assembly in vitro.

Sarah B. Nyenhuis
Harris D. Bernstein

Effects of Limosilactobacillus reuteri strains PTA-126787 and PTA-126788 on intestinal barrier integrity and immune homeostasis in an alcohol-induced leaky gut model

Dharanesh Gangaiah
Arvind Kumar Mahajan

News and Comment

First biolab in South America for studying world’s deadliest viruses is set to open

Construction is under way for the maximum-security Brazilian facility, which will face cost and regulatory hurdles.

Meghie Rodrigues

From soil to battling antimicrobial resistance

In this study, Li, Feng et al. identify an antimicrobial compound produced by plant root-associated Pseudomonas fluorescens with potent activity against drug-resistant, Gram-positive bacteria.

Agustina Taglialegna

Testing fast with uRAST

In this study, Kim, Kang, Jang et al. report a phenotype-based, ultra-rapid and blood culture-free antimicrobial susceptibility testing approach.

Gut microbes’ genomes are a trove of potential antibiotics

Newfound compound is as effective at treating infected skin wounds as is the antibiotic of last resort.

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Lessons and Courses on Microbiology

MICROBIOLOGY PROJECT TOPICS

Below are some PROJECT TOPICS for your undergraduate and postgraduate (M.Sc. & Ph.D.) research studies. These project topics are only “suggestive in nature. This implies that they can be used as they are, or they can be modified and used as you so deem fit.

@ www.MicrobiologyClass.net we are interested in the academic- and self-development of our users, and that is why we have taken it upon ourselves to update on these topics from time to time, so that our users will always have free access to the project topics of their choice.

In case you have any project topic that you will like us to include to the list, please feel free to submit your suggested project topic through our email below. Our editorial team members will look at it, and add them to the list. You can also submit such “suggested project topic” through: [email protected]

Physiology and ecology of the neonatal gut microbiota
Biodegradable Polymer Degradation in Compost Environments
The Influence of Invasive Species on Host-Associated Microbiomes
Impacts of bacterial associated ectomycorrhizal fungi on forest fungal and tree growth
Emerging pollutant transformation and reactive oxygen species formation by oxygenase enzymes in different microbiomes
Survival and resuscitation mechanisms of desert soil bacteria
The effect of seasonal oxygen fluctuations on aquatic microbiomes
Microbiome-Enhanced Silicate Weathering
Comparative Analysis of Gut Microbiomes in Chinchillas and mice for pathogen research
Characterization of Probiotic Properties of Limosilactobacillus fermentum
Whole-Genome Analysis of Lactobacillus johnsonii
Effect of flouroquinolones and aminoglycosides mixtures on soil bacterial activity
Evolution and spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria on antimicrobial surfaces in hospitals
Determination of the single and combined effects of antibiotics on soil bacterial and fungal communities
Characterization of PVL-positive MRSA isolates.
Effect of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains on the intestinal microbiome.
Prevalence of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in children and adults.
Isolation and characterization of entomopathogenic fungi from soil.
Genomic analysis of hydrocarbon oxidizing sulphur bacteria.
Investigation of the biodegrading potentials of Fervidobacteriumpennivorans .
Effect of calcium on the genetic makeup of Gemmatimonas phototrophica .
Modulation of Mycorrhizal colonization for improved food production.
Isolation and characterization of novel antimicrobial compounds from endophytes.
Isolation and characterization of novel antimicrobial compounds from lichens.
Monitoring of wastewaters for the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 to mitigate COVID-19 spread.
Metagenomics to unravel novel antimicrobial resistance genes in hospital environment.
Determination of quorum sensing and biofilm-forming capability in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from door handles, sinks, beddings and floor of hospitals
Occurrence and serotyping of Salmonella species from blood samples of in- and out-patients
Prevalence, antibiogram and PCR detection of the virulence-associated genes of Acinetobacter baumannii
Prevalence and Plasmid Profile of Fluoroquinolone – Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (FQRSA) isolated from clinical samples
Bacteriological and Physicochemical Parameters of Selected Borehole Water Sources
Prevalence, antibiogram and PCR detection of the virulence-associated genes of Aeromonas hydrophila
Preliminary Studies on the Antibacterial Activities of Leaf Extracts of Azadirachta indica and Psidium guajava on Methicillin and Vancomycin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus .
Prevalence, antibiogram and PCR detection of the virulence-associated genes of Salmonella and Shigella spcecies
Molecular Detection of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) Toxins in Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus
Prevalence, antibiogram and PCR detection of the virulence-associated genes of Candida auris
Prevalence, antibiogram and Plasmid Profile of Fluoroquinolone – Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (FQRSA) isolated from poultry and abattoir samples
Prevalence, antibiogram and PCR detection of the virulence-associated genes of Candida albicans
Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of Parkia biglobosa, Hymenocardia acida and Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides extracts on pathogenic Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria
Prevalence, antibiogram and PCR detection of the virulence-associated genes of Vibrio cholerae
Detection and antibiogram of constitutive- and inducible-clindamycin-resistance in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus
Prevalence, antibiogram and PCR detection of the virulence-associated genes of Enterococcus faecalis
Antibacterial Activity of Adenia Cissampeloides Plant Extracts on some selected Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria
Evaluation of the Efficacy, Quality and Safety of Hepatitis B Vaccines stored in cold-chain systems
Prevalence, antibiogram and PCR detection of the virulence-associated genes of Listeria monocytogenes
Phytochemical and Antimicrobial analysis of hulls and nuts of Tetracarpidium conophorum (Ukpa) on selected Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria
Prevalence, antibiogram and PCR detection of the virulence-associated genes of Mycobacterium species
Prevalence, antibiogram and PCR detection of the virulence-associated genes of Escherichia coli
In Vitro Susceptibility Test of Different Clinical bacterial Isolates against first generation cephalosporins
Determination and isolation of the metabolites of endophytic Colletotrichum gloeosporioides isolated from leaves of Carica papaya
Isolation and characterization of bacteria and fungi associated with the biodegradation of municipal solid waste matter
In Vitro Susceptibility Test of Different Clinical bacterial Isolates against second generation cephalosporins
Isolation, antibiogram and characterization of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from clinical bacterial isolates
In Vitro Susceptibility Test of Different Clinical bacterial Isolates against third generation cephalosporins
Determination of Bioethanol Production from Corncob Hydrolysed by Cellulase of Aspergillus niger Using Zymomonas mobilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae
In Vitro Susceptibility Test of Different Clinical bacterial Isolates against fourth generation cephalosporins
In Vitro Susceptibility Test of Different Clinical bacterial Isolates against fifth generation cephalosporins
Evaluation of the Efficacy, Quality and Safety of Hepatitis B Vaccines sold in the open market
In Vitro Susceptibility Test of Different Clinical fungal Isolates against ketoconazole and nystatin
Phenotypic detection of extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolates from hospital samples
Phenotypic detection of metallo beta lactamase (MBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolates from hospital samples
Phenotypic detection of AmpC enzyme producing Escherichia coli isolates from hospital samples
Phenotypic detection of ESBL producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from hospital samples
Phenotypic detection of metallo beta lactamase (MBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from hospital samples
Phenotypic detection of AmpC enzyme producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from hospital samples
Phenotypic detection of ESBL producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from hospital samples
Phenotypic detection of metallo beta lactamase (MBL)-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from hospital samples
Phenotypic detection of AmpC enzyme producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from hospital samples
Isolation of Bacillus species with antibiotic-producing ability from soil samples
Detection of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)isolates from clinical samples
Phenotypic detection of vancomycin resistant Enterococcus species from clinical samples
Detection of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates from pig dung’s
Detection of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates from cow dung’s
Prevalence of Schistosoma haematobium infection in a primary school
Prevalence of Schistosoma bovis infection in abattoir houses
Prevalence of Schistosoma bovis infection in intestinal tract of slaughtered animals
Evolution of biocide resistance in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
PCR detection of virulence-associated genes in multidrug resistant clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli
Molecular characterization of antibiotic resistant genes in methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates of clinical origin
PCR determination of panton valentine leukocidin genes in methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates
Comparison of Cefoxitin and Oxacillin Disk Diffusion Methods for Detection of mecA-Mediated Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus
PCR detection of mecA gene in methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates
Antimicrobial susceptibility profile of methicillin resistant coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) strains of hospital origin
Antibiogram of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolates recovered from ready to eat food samples
Susceptibility profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolates recovered from Zobo drink samples
Antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolates recovered from Soya milk drink samples
Prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolates in marketed sachet and bottled waters
Phenotypic Detection of Methicillin Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus by Disk Diffusion Testing and Etest
Prevalence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates in pig farms
Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates from cattle farms
Detection and prevalence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates from goat farms
Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and occurrence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates in poultry farms
Antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolates recovered from faecal samples of poultry birds
Antimicrobial susceptibility profile of bacterial pathogens recovered from free-range birds or fowls
Isolation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae from fresh and soured palm wine marketed in local and urban markets
Determination of the ethanolic and methanolic extracts of the root, leaves and stem of Azadirachta indica on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli clinical isolates
Determination of the ethanolic and methanolic extracts of the root, leaves and stem of Garcinia kola on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli clinical isolates
Determination of the ethanolic and methanolic extracts of the root, leaves and stem of Carica papaya on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli clinical isolates
Determination of the ethanolic and methanolic extracts of the root, leaves and stem of Zingiber officinale on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli clinical isolates
Investigation of Schistosoma species in Pond Water Snails
Detection of Plasmid Borne Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase Enzymes from Blood and Urine Isolates of Gram – Negative Bacteria
Detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates Producing CTX-M-15 Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases
Detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates from suspected community acquired urinary tract infections
Doripenem and ertapenem resistance amongst ESBL positive and AmpC positive Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates.
Detection of extended-Spectrum Βeta-Lactamase – Producing Escherichia Coli Strains of Poultry Origin
Detection of extended-Spectrum Βeta-Lactamase – Producing Escherichia Coli Strains of abattoir Origin
Microbiological investigation of Escherichia coli isolates from cloacal and feacal swabs of broiler chickens for AmpC enzymes and metallo beta lactamase enzymes
Frequency and antibiogram of uropathogens isolated from Urine Samples of HIV Infected Patients
Inhibitory effects of neem and Bitter kola leaves on selected pathogenic bacteria and fungi
Detection of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase Enzymes from Otitis Media Bacteria Pathogens.
Cloacal faecal carriage and occurrence of antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in chicken grown with and without antibiotic supplemented feed
Evaluation of antibacterial activities of some Nigerian medicinal plants against some Gram negative resistant bacteria pathogens
Detection of ESBL-producing Gram negative bacteria using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry.
Prevalence and antibiogram of Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from water samples
Determination of the Quality of Commercial Antibacterial Discs Available in Nigerian market
Determination of the Medicinal Efficacy of Acetone, Aqueous, Methanol and Ethanol Crude Extracts of Mangifera indica Leaf
Phytochemical analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of Ethanolic and Methanolic Stem and Root Extracts of Cnestis ferruginea on Multidrug Resistant Bacteria of clinical origin
Prevalence and antibiogram of Salmonella species, Shigella species and Staphylococcus aureus in retail meats
Determination of the Microbial Contamination and prevalence of multidrug resistant bacteria of Ready-to-Eat Fried Chicken Meat
Antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Staphylococcus aureus from Healthy School Pupils
Antibiogram of Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolated from the Nasopharyngeal Mucosa of primary school children
Antifungal and antibacterial activities of Ocimum gratissimum and Gongronema latifolium leaves on Colletotrichum species
Phytochemical analysis and Antibacterial activity of Crude Extracts from Leaves of Wonderful Kola on some selected Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria
Antibiotic sensitivity profiles of biofilm-producing bacterial isolates from clinical and water samples
Metagenomics to unravel novel AMR in food chain.

MICROBIOLOGY SEMINAR TOPICS

3 thoughts on “<strong>microbiology project topics</strong>”.

actually i remember following the first cite which happens to be an advantage to me alot.

I great group

I want you to be guide me, on how to write a project.

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Graduate Research Topics

Discovery, biosynthesis, and chemical ecology of microbial natural products; bioactivity and mode of action of antibiotics; biocatalyst development

Joseph A. Krzycki Biochemistry and molecular biology of methanogenic Archaea emphasizing methane formation and their genetic encoding of the novel amino acid pyrrolysine.

Microbiology

The microbiology sector has seen huge development over the years to what it is now. You might be well aware that our earth’s surface consists of a huge microbial diversity and these wide microbial communities are present in all nooks of the earth. They offer several services to our environment. Without microbial communities, the whole earth will be a different place to live in. This is the reason microbiological research is so vital.

Microbiology is one of the very actively researched grounds, that deal with the study of microorganisms starting from the eukaryotic fungi to single celled and various cell cluster organisms. Various courses like B.Sc., M. Sc., M. Phil and Ph.D in subjects like Microbiology , Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, students are doing projects for their thesis. Excluding these, students from other courses including B. Tech, M. Tech courses in Biotechnology , paramedical courses like Pharmacy (B. Pharm. and M. Pharm.) and even Medical are searching projects or thesis topics for microbiology. If you are thinking of starting a research or project work in microbiology, then you must be searching for a good topic. So we planned to make it somewhat simple and easy for you.

This article discusses about some of the top and current research topics on microbiology. Before coming to the lists of topics let’s have a brief discussion on some of the important and key tips that we should consider before finalizing a topic.

Click the page numbers below to read more on this topic.

12 thoughts on “Top 50 Research Topics of Microbiology”

Thank you for sharing, fantastic blog…

I like this site its a master peace ! .

was helpful thanks

I need Bsc research titel

Yes,I interested in discussion

Yes, I interested in microbiology discussion

Can anyone suggest a topic for research in Microbiology!

It’s indeed fantastic!

Labmonk is like Alexandra Elbakyan of India… Breaking barriers for learners… More to go Monk

Hello sir Research topic for microbiology and study of microbiology

3 Essential Questions: Antibiotic Resistance

Antibiotic resistance.

Melinda Pettigrew, Ph.D., the Anna M.R. Lauder Professor of Epidemiology, researches the growing public health threat posed by antibiotic resistance. She uses microbiology and infectious disease epidemiology to identify factors that influence whether pathobionts colonize or cause diseases such as pneumonia. Additionally, she is studying whether shorter regimens of antibiotics may be effective in some cases.

In the race between antibiotics and bacteria, who is winning?

MP: Bacteria have the upper hand. Globally, over 700,000 people die each year from antibiotic resistant infections — and this number is expected to rise.

Antibiotic resistance is an inevitable evolutionary process: Bacteria replicate quickly, they mutate, and they can transfer resistance genes to other bacteria. Each time we introduce a new antibiotic, bacteria evolve so that they are resistant. This creates a unique challenge in the antibiotics market, leading to fewer new antibiotics in the pipeline. When new antibiotics are introduced, the potential for sales is low because old antibiotics are preferentially used to delay the emergence of resistance. Moreover, pricing and reimbursement for antibiotics is typically low. Patients want low prices on medications, but the low reimbursement rates are a disincentive for companies to invest in developing new antibiotics.

Still, there are reasons to be optimistic. One of the most straightforward ways to prevent antibiotic resistance is to use fewer antibiotics. Many hospitals, including Yale New Haven Hospital, have antibiotic stewardship programs in place to promote the judicious use of antibiotics. There is proposed legislation, the Pioneering Antimicrobial Subscriptions to End Up surging Resistance (PASTEUR) Act, which would create market incentives for the development of new antibiotics and also promote their appropriate use. Antibiotic resistance isn’t a battle that we can “win.” It is a public health challenge that has to be managed.

What is one of the most underappreciated strategies to prevent antibiotic resistance?

MP: Vaccines! Vaccines are one of the most useful, safe, and cost-effective tools for preventing infectious diseases.

They directly impact antibiotic resistance by preventing infection in the first place. If you prevent an infection, then you don’t have to treat it — which helps reduce antibiotic use overall.

Antibiotics are not effective for treating viral infections, but antiviral vaccines can still help prevent the emergence of antibiotic resistance, too. Several viral infections present with symptoms that are similar to bacterial infections. If you vaccinate against these viruses, you can prevent the use of antibiotics that might be prescribed inappropriately for a viral infection. Viral infections can also result in secondary bacterial infections. If you vaccinate against a virus like influenza then you also reduce the number of antibiotics prescribed for secondary bacterial infections related to influenza. Vaccines are also great in the long term because antibiotic resistance emerges much more readily than vaccine resistance.

Bacteria have the upper hand. Melinda Pettigrew

Do I really need to finish all of my antibiotics?

MP: The short answer: Yes, it is very important to take your antibiotics as prescribed by your doctor.

However, some antibiotic treatment regimens are not evidence-based and may be too long. For decades, doctors and public-health officials have been telling us that it is really important to finish the entire bottle of antibiotics, even when we are feeling better. The argument behind this was that you increase the chances of killing all of the bacteria responsible for causing your illness if you finish your antibiotics.

Conversely, if you do not finish taking your antibiotics then some of the bacteria may survive and develop resistance. Researchers are learning that taking antibiotics for longer than necessary may actually increase the risk of resistance. Antibiotics don’t just affect the targeted pathogen that is causing the infection. They can also affect the other “good” bacteria that live in your body, which we refer to as the microbiome.

I am working with the Antibiotic Resistance Leadership Group on a study to determine whether shorter durations of therapy are safe and effective for treating pneumonia in children. Our data indicates that shorter treatment may be effective in treating pneumonia and may also reduce the abundance of resistant bacteria in our microbiomes.

3 Essential Questions is a recurring feature that explores vital topics in public health.

MEDIA CONTACT: Michael Greenwood at [email protected]

Featured in this article

Melinda Pettigrew, PhD Professor Adjunct; Affiliated Faculty, Yale Institute for Global Health

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Six Key Topics in Microbiology: 2019

Read an essential collection of papers showcasing high-quality content from across the five FEMS Journals, which together provide an overview of current research trends in microbiology. Follow the topic area links below for access to articles:

Antimicrobial Resistance

Environmental Microbiology

Pathogenicity & virulence, biotechnology & synthetic biology, microbiomes, food microbiology, antimicrobial resistance.

Effects of sample preservation and DNA extraction on enumeration of antibiotic resistance genes in wastewater An-Dong Li, Jacob W Metch, Yulin Wang, Emily Garner, An Ni Zhang, Maria V Riquelme, Peter J Vikesland, Amy Pruden, Tong Zhang FEMS Microbilogy Ecology , DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fix189 First published online: 1 February 2018

Occurrence and abundance of antibiotic resistance genes in agricultural soil receiving dairy manure Chad W McKinney, Robert S Dungan, Amber Moore, April B Leytem FEMS Microbiology Ecology , DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiy010; First published online: 1 March 2018

Environmental factors influencing the development and spread of antibiotic resistance Johan Bengtsson-Palme, Erik Kristiansson, D G Joakim Larsson FEMS Microbiology Reviews , DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fux053 First published online: 01 January 2018

Comparative genomic and transcriptomic analyses unveil novel features of azole resistnce and adaptation to the human host in Candida glabrata Sara Barbosa Salazar, Can Wang, Martin Münsterkötter, Michiyo Okamoto, Azusa Takahashi-Nakaguchi, Hiroji Chibana, Maria Manuel Lopes, Ulrich Güldener, Geraldine Butler, Nuno Pereira Mira FEMS Yeast Research , DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/fox079 First published online: 01 February 2018

How proteases from Enterococcus faecalis contribute to its resistance to short a-helical antimicrobial peptides Ondrej Nešuta, Miloš Budešínský, Romana Hadravová, Lenka Monincová, Jana Humpolicková, Václav Cerovský FEMS Pathogens and Disease , DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftx091 First published online: 29 September 2017

Ice algal bloom development on the surface of the Greenland Ice Sheet C J Williamson, A M Anesio, J Cook, A Tedstone, E Poniecka, A Holland, D Fagan, M Tranter, M L Yallop FEMS Microbiology Ecology DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiy025 First published online: 01 March 2018

Investigation of viable taxa in the deep terrestrial biosphere suggests high rates of nutrient recycling Margarita Lopez-Fernandez, Elias Broman, Stephanie Turner, Xiaofen Wu, Stefan Bertilsson, Mark Dopson FEMS Microbiology Ecology , DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiy121 First published online: 01 August 2018

Soil Protists: a fertile frontier in soil biology research Stefan Geisen, Edward A D Mitchell, Sina Adl, Michael Bonkowski, Micah Dunthorn, Flemming Ekelund, Leonardo D Fernández, Alexandre Jousset, Valentyna Krashevska, David Singer, Frederick W Spiegel, Julia Walochnik, Enrique Lara FEMS Microbiology Reviews , DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuy006 First published online: 01 May 2018

Vector-borne diseases and climate change: a European perspective Jan C Semenza, Jonathan E Suk FEMS Microbiology Letters , DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnx244 First published online: 01 January 2018

Beyond nitrogen metabolism: nitric oxide, cyclic-di- GMP and bacterial biofilms Serena Rinaldo, Giorgio Giardina, Federico Mantoni, Alessio Paone, Francesca Cutruzzolàr FEMS Microbiology Letters , DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fny029 First published online: 01 March 2018

Bacterial-fungal interactions: ecology, mechanisms and challenges Aurélie Deveau, Gregory Bonito, Jessie Uehling, Mathieu Paoletti, Matthias Becker, Saskia Bindschedler, Stéphane Hacquard, Vincent Hervé, Jessy Labbé, Olga A Lastovetsky, Sophie Mieszkin, Larry J Millet, Balázs Vajna, Pilar Junier, Paola Bonfante, Bastiaan P Krom, Stefan Olsson, Jan Dirk van Elsas, Lukas Y Wick FEMS Microbiology Reviews , DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuy008 First published online: 01 May 2018

The human cytomegalovirus terminase complex as an antiviral target: a close-up view G Ligat, R Cazal, S Hantz, S Alain; FEMS Microbiology Reviews , DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuy004 First published online: 01 March 2018

Molecular variability and genetic structure of white spot syndrome virus strains from northwest Mexico based on the analysis of genomes Delia Patricia Parrilla-Taylor, Norberto Vibanco-Pérez, Maria de Jesús Durán-Avelar, Bruno Gomez- Gil, Raúl Llera-Herrera, Ricardo Vázquez-Juárez FEMS Microbiology Letters , DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fny216 First published online: 01 October 2018

The first known virus isolates from Antarctic sea ice have complex infection patterns Anne-Mari Luhtanen, Eeva Eronen-Rasimus, Hanna M Oksanen, Jean-Louis Tison, Bruno Delille, Gerhard S Dieckmann, Janne-Markus Rintala, Dennis H Bamford FEMS Microbiology Ecology , DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiy028 First published online: 1 April 2018

Host-pathogen redox dynamics modulate Mycobacterium tuberculosis pathogenesis Hayden T Pacl, Vineel P Reddy, Vikram Saini, Krishna C Chinta, Adrie J C Steyn FEMS Pathogens and Disease , DOI: 10.1093/femspd/fty036 First published online: 01 July 2018

The CRISPR-Cas system in Enterobacteriaceae Liliana Medina-Aparicio, Sonia Dávila, Javier E Rebollar-Flores, Edmundo Calva, Ismael Hernández- Lucas FEMS Pathogens and Disease , DOI: 10.1093/femspd/fty002 First published online: 01 February 2018

Mycobacterial biomaterials and resources for researchers Manzour Hernando Hazbón, Leen Rigouts, Marco Schito, Matthew Ezewudo, Takuji Kudo, Takashi Itoh, Moriya Ohkuma, Katalin Kiss, Linhuan Wu, Juncai Ma, Moriyuki Hamada, Michael Strong, Max Salfinger ,Charles L Daley, Jerry A Nick, Jung-Sook Lee, Nalin Rastogi, David Couvin, Raquel Hurtado-Ortiz, Chantal Bizet, Anita Suresh, Timothy Rodwell, Audrey Albertini, Karen A Lacourciere, Ana Deheer- Graham, Sarah Alexander, Julie E Russell, Rebecca Bradford, Marco A Riojas FEMS Pathogens and Disease , DOI: 10.1093/femspd/fty042 First published online: 01 June 2018

Yeast 2.0- connecting the dots in the construction of the world's first functional synthetic eukaryotic genome I S Pretorius, J D Boeke FEMS Yeast Research , DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foy032 First published online: 01 June 2018

Laboratory evolution for forced glucose-xylose co-consumption enables identification of mutations that improve mixed-sugar fermentation by xylose-fermenting Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ioannis Papapetridis, Maarten D Verhoeven, Sanne J Wiersma, Maaike Goudriaan, Antonius J A van Maris, Jack T Pronk FEMS Yeast Research , DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foy056 First published online:01 September 2018

State of the art in eukaryotic nitrogenase engineering Stefan Burén, Luis M Rubio FEMS Microbiology Letters , DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnx274 First published online: 01 January 2018

Whole-genome sequencing based characterization of antimicrobial resistance in Enterococcus Gregory H Tyson, Jonathan L Sabo, Crystal Rice-Trujillo, Jacqueline Hernandez, Patrick F McDermott FEMS Pathogens and Disease , DOI: 10.1093/femspd/fty018 First published online: 01 March 2018

Biofilm growth and control in cooling water industrial systems F Di Pippo, L Di Gregorio, R Congestri, V Tandoi, S Rossetti FEMS Microbiology Ecology , DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiy044 First published online: 01 May 2018

Novel sequencing technologies to support industrial biotechnology Adalberto Costessi, Bartholomeus van den Bogert, Ali May, Emiel Ver Loren van Themaat, Johannes A Roubos, Marc A B Kolkman, Derek Butler, Walter Pirovano FEMS Microbiology Letters , DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fny103 First published online: 01 August 2018

Influenza A virus subtype H9N2 infection disrupts the composition of intestinal microbiota of chickens Alexander Yitbarek, J Scott Weese, Tamiru Negash Alkie, John Parkinson, Shayan Sharif FEMS Microbiology Ecology , DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fix165 First published online: 01 January 2018

Pathogens, microbiome and the host: emergence of the ecological Koch's postulates Pascale Vonaesch, Mark Anderson, Philippe J Sansonetti FEMS Microbiology Reviews , DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuy003 First published online: 09 January 2018

Talk to your gut: the oral-gut microbiome axis and its immunomodulatory role in the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis Marines du Teil Espina, Giorgio Gabarrini, Hermie J M Harmsen, Johanna Westra, Arie Jan van Winkelhoff, Jan Maarten van Dijl FEMS Microbiology Reviews , DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuy035 First published online: 01 January 2019

Shift of hindgut microbiota and microbial short chain fatty acids profiles in dairy calves from birth to pre-weaning Yang Song, Nilusha Malmuthuge, Michael A Steele, Le Luo Guan FEMS Microbiology Ecology , DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fix179 First published online: 01 March 2018

The Smallest Intestine (TSI)- a low volume in vitro model of the small intenstine with increased throughput T Cieplak, M Wiese, S Nielsen, T Van de Wiele, F van den Berg, D S Nielsen FEMS Microbiology Letters , DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fny231 First published online: 01 November 2018

Saccharomyces cerevisiae variety diastaticus friend or foe? - spoilage potential and brewing ability of different Saccharomyces cerevisiae variety diastaticus yeast isolates by genetic, phenotypic and physiological characterization Tim Meier-Dörnberg, Oliver Ingo Kory, Fritz Jacob, Maximilian Michel, Mathias Hutzler FEMS Yeast Research , DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foy023 First published online: 01 June 2018

Trans-regulation and localization of orthologous maltose transporters in the interspecies lager yeast hybrid Virve Vidgren, Brian Gibson FEMS Yeast Research , DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foy065 First published online: 01 September 2018

Fermentation performances and aroma production of non-conventional wine yeasts are influenced by nitrogen preferences Stéphanie Rollero, Audrey Bloem, Anne Ortiz-Julien, Carole Camarasa, Benoit Divol FEMS Yeast Research , DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foy055 First published online: 01 August 2018

Community-led comparative genomic and phenotypic analysis of the aquaculture pathogen Pseudomonas baetica a390T sequenced by Ion semiconductor and Nanopore technologies Ainsley Beaton, Cédric Lood, Edward Cunningham-Oakes, Alison MacFadyen, Alex J Mullins, Walid El Bestawy, João Botelho, Sylvie Chevalier, Shannon Coleman, Chloe Dalzell, Stephen K Dolan, Alberto Faccenda, Maarten G K Ghequire, Steven Higgins, Alexander Kutschera, Jordan Murray, Martha Redway, Talal Salih, Ana C da Silva, Brian A Smith, Nathan Smits, Ryan Thomson, Stuart Woodcock, Martin Welch, Pierre Cornelis, Rob Lavigne, Vera van Noort, Nicholas P Tucker FEMS Microbiology Letters , DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fny069 First published online: 01 May 2018

Antibiotic resistance phenotypes and virulence-associated genes in Escherichia coli isolated from animals and animal food products in Tunisia Souhir Badi, Paola Cremonesi, Mohamed Salah Abbassi, Chourouk Ibrahim, Majdi Snoussi, Giulia Bignoli, Mario Luini, Bianca Castiglioni, Abdennaceur Hassen FEMS Microbiology Letters , DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fny088 First published online: 01 May 2018

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100+ Microbiology Project Topics [Updated]

Microbiology, the study of microorganisms, holds immense importance in the realms of medicine, agriculture, industry, and environmental science. It’s a field teeming with opportunities for exploration and discovery. For students passionate about unraveling the mysteries of the microbial world, engaging in microbiology projects is not just educational but also immensely rewarding.

In this blog, we aim to provide a comprehensive guide to over 100 updated microbiology project topics across various sub-disciplines. Whether you’re a student seeking inspiration for your next research endeavor or an educator looking to expand your list of project ideas, this resource is tailored to meet your needs.

Choosing a Microbiology Project Topic

Table of Contents

Selecting the right project topic is crucial for the success and fulfillment of your research journey. Here are some key considerations to keep in mind:

Personal Interest and Career Goals: Opt for a topic that aligns with your interests and long-term career aspirations. Whether it’s bacterial pathogenesis, virology, immunology, environmental microbiology, food microbiology, or clinical microbiology, choose a subject that excites you.
Relevance to Current Trends: Stay abreast of the latest advancements and trends in microbiology. Topics related to emerging infectious diseases, antibiotic resistance, microbiome research, and biotechnological applications are particularly timely and impactful.
Resource Availability and Feasibility: Assess the availability of laboratory resources, equipment, and expertise required for your chosen project. Ensure that your topic is feasible within the constraints of your academic or research environment.

100+ Microbiology Project Topics

Now, let’s delve into our curated list of microbiology project topics across various sub-disciplines:

Bacterial Microbiology

Role of quorum sensing in bacterial biofilm formation.
Antibiotic resistance mechanisms in clinically relevant bacterial strains.
Bacteriophages as alternative therapeutics for antibiotic-resistant infections.
Molecular mechanisms of bacterial pathogenicity using model organisms.
Genetic diversity and evolution of influenza viruses for vaccine development.
Host-virus interactions underlying viral replication and pathogenesis.
Metagenomic profiling of viral communities to identify novel pathogens.
Screening natural products for antiviral activity against emerging diseases.
Efficacy of novel vaccine formulations in eliciting immune responses.
Immunomodulatory effects of probiotics on mucosal immunity and gut health.
Dysregulated immune responses in autoimmune disorders.
Host immune evasion strategies in persistent viral infections.

Environmental Microbiology

Microbial diversity in hydrothermal vent ecosystems using next-generation sequencing.
Biodegradation of environmental pollutants by microbial consortia.
Extremophilic microorganisms adapted to harsh environmental conditions.
Role of soil microbiota in plant growth promotion and biocontrol.

Food Microbiology

Microbial contamination in food processing facilities and sanitation practices.
Identification and characterization of foodborne pathogens.
Spoilage mechanisms of food products and strategies for shelf life extension.
Safety and efficacy of probiotic supplements in fermented foods.

Clinical Microbiology

Molecular epidemiology of healthcare-associated infections using whole-genome sequencing.
Mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance in clinically important pathogens.
Human microbiome profiling in health and disease states using metagenomics.
Rapid diagnostic tests for infectious diseases in clinical settings.

Miscellaneous Topics

Microbial ecology of the human gut microbiota.
Role of microbiota in neurodevelopmental disorders like autism.
Microbiological aspects of bioremediation in environmental cleanup efforts.
Microbial production of biofuels and bioplastics.
Application of CRISPR-Cas technology in microbial genome editing.
Microbial production of enzymes for industrial processes.
Microbial synthesis of novel antimicrobial compounds.
Microbial fermentation processes for food and beverage production.
Bioinformatics analysis of microbial genomes and metagenomes.
Microbial ecology of extreme environments, such as deep-sea hydrothermal vents.
Microbiological aspects of the human skin microbiome and its implications for health.
Microbial diversity and ecosystem functions in freshwater and marine environments.
Microbial interactions in symbiotic relationships with plants and animals.
Microbial biogeochemical cycling of elements in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.
Microbial diversity and community composition in urban environments.
Microbial ecology of infectious diseases in wildlife populations.
Microbial contributions to nutrient cycling and soil fertility in agricultural systems.
Microbial contamination of water sources and strategies for water quality management.
Microbial degradation of pollutants in soil and water environments.
Microbial diversity and biotechnological potential of hot springs and thermal vents.
Microbial ecology of the built environment, including hospitals and households.
Microbial interactions in the rhizosphere and their effects on plant health and productivity.
Microbial diversity and function in extreme environments, such as polar regions and deserts.
Microbial ecology of air quality, including indoor and outdoor microbial communities.
Microbial contributions to biogeochemical cycling in aquatic ecosystems, such as lakes and oceans.
Microbial roles in the decomposition of organic matter and nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems.
Microbial diversity and community dynamics in mangrove ecosystems and their ecological functions.
Microbial contributions to the degradation of pollutants and xenobiotics in contaminated environments.
Microbial interactions with pollutants and their role in environmental remediation strategies.
Microbial diversity and function in hydrothermal vent ecosystems and their biogeochemical significance.
Microbial diversity and community composition in permafrost environments and their response to climate change.
Microbial ecology of extremophiles and their adaptations to extreme environmental conditions.
Microbial diversity and function in deep-sea environments, including the deep ocean and hydrothermal vents.
Microbial contributions to the biogeochemistry of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur cycling in marine ecosystems.
Microbial interactions with marine organisms and their role in marine food webs and ecosystem dynamics.
Microbial diversity and function in coral reef ecosystems and their response to environmental stressors.
Microbial contributions to the cycling of nutrients and organic matter in coastal ecosystems and estuaries.
Microbial diversity and community composition in Arctic and Antarctic environments and their response to climate change.
Microbial interactions with marine pollutants and their role in the degradation and detoxification of contaminants.
Microbial diversity and function in marine sediments and their role in biogeochemical cycling and ecosystem functioning.
Microbial ecology of deep-sea hydrothermal vents and cold seeps and their contributions to global biogeochemical cycles.
Microbial diversity and community dynamics in oceanic oxygen minimum zones and their implications for carbon and nitrogen cycling.
Microbial interactions with marine organisms and their role in shaping marine biodiversity and ecosystem structure.
Microbial contributions to the cycling of nutrients and energy in marine ecosystems, including primary production and decomposition processes.
Microbial diversity and function in marine plankton communities and their role in biogeochemical cycling and ecosystem productivity.
Microbial ecology of marine symbioses, including mutualistic, commensal, and parasitic relationships between microbes and marine organisms.
Microbial interactions with marine pollutants and their role in the biodegradation and detoxification of contaminants in marine environments.
Microbial diversity and community composition in marine sediments and their role in biogeochemical cycling, nutrient regeneration, and sediment stability.
Microbial contributions to the cycling of nutrients and energy in coastal ecosystems, including estuaries, salt marshes, and mangrove forests.
Microbial diversity and function in coastal sediments and their role in biogeochemical cycling, organic matter degradation, and nutrient fluxes.
Microbial ecology of marine viruses and their role in shaping microbial communities, nutrient cycling, and ecosystem dynamics in marine environments.
Microbial diversity and community composition in marine snow aggregates and their role in transporting carbon, nutrients, and microbes in the ocean.
Microbial interactions with marine organisms and their role in mediating host-microbe interactions, disease dynamics, and ecosystem functioning.
Microbial contributions to the cycling of carbon and sulfur in marine sediments, including the role of anaerobic microbial processes in sedimentary environments.
Microbial diversity and function in marine hydrothermal vent ecosystems and their role in chemosynthetic primary production, mineral precipitation, and ecosystem sustainability.
Microbial ecology of marine deep-sea ecosystems, including abyssal plains, trenches, and seamounts, and their role in global biogeochemical cycles and biodiversity.
Microbial diversity and community composition in marine sponge microbiomes and their role in nutrient cycling, secondary metabolite production, and host-microbe interactions.
Microbial interactions with marine pollutants and their role in the bioremediation of oil spills, heavy metal contamination, and other anthropogenic pollutants in marine environments.
Microbial contributions to the cycling of nutrients and energy in deep-sea ecosystems, including the role of chemosynthetic microbes in supporting deep-sea food webs and ecosystem functioning.
Microbial diversity and function in marine coral reef ecosystems and their role in reef health, resilience, and recovery from environmental stressors such as climate change, pollution, and disease.
Microbial ecology of marine plastic pollution and its impact on marine ecosystems, including microbial degradation of plastic polymers, biofilm formation on microplastic surfaces, and microbial interactions with plastic-associated pollutants.
Microbial diversity and community composition in marine coastal habitats, including rocky shores, sandy beaches, and tidal pools, and their role in coastal ecosystem processes, biodiversity, and ecosystem services.
Microbial interactions with marine organisms and their role in mediating host-microbe interactions, disease dynamics, and ecosystem functioning in marine ecosystems, including coral reefs, kelp forests, and seagrass meadows.
Microbial contributions to the cycling of nutrients and energy in marine ecosystems, including the role of microbial processes in carbon sequestration, nitrogen fixation, and nutrient regeneration in the oceanic food web.
Microbial diversity and function in marine pelagic ecosystems, including the open ocean, coastal upwelling zones, and polar seas, and their role in primary production, nutrient cycling, and global climate regulation.
Microbial ecology of marine biofilms and their role in ecosystem processes, including biofouling, biocorrosion, and nutrient cycling in marine environments, such as ship hulls, oil platforms, and marine infrastructure.
Microbial diversity and community composition in marine benthic habitats, including deep-sea sediments, hydrothermal vents, and cold seeps, and their role in biogeochemical cycling, energy flow, and ecosystem stability.
Microbial interactions with marine pollutants and their role in the biodegradation, detoxification, and bioaccumulation of contaminants in marine ecosystems, including oil spills, heavy metals, plastics, and agricultural runoff.
Microbial contributions to the cycling of nutrients and energy in marine ecosystems, including the role of microbial processes in carbon fixation, nitrogen cycling, and sulfur metabolism in marine food webs and biogeochemical cycles.
Microbial diversity and function in marine deep-sea ecosystems, including abyssal plains, trenches, and seamounts, and their role in global biogeochemical cycles, biodiversity, and ecosystem functioning.
Microbial ecology of marine sponge microbiomes and their role in nutrient cycling, secondary metabolite production, and host-microbe interactions in marine ecosystems, including coral reefs, mangrove forests, and seagrass meadows.
Microbial interactions with marine pollutants and their role in the bioremediation of oil spills, heavy metal contamination, and other anthropogenic pollutants in marine environments, including coastal waters, estuaries, and marine sediments.
Microbial contributions to the cycling of nutrients and energy in deep-sea ecosystems, including the role of chemosynthetic microbes in supporting deep-sea food webs, hydrothermal vent communities, and cold seep ecosystems.
Microbial diversity and function in marine pelagic ecosystems , including the open ocean, coastal upwelling zones, and polar seas, and their role in primary production, nutrient cycling, and global climate regulation in the marine biosphere.
Microbial diversity and community composition in marine benthic habitats, including deep-sea sediments, hydrothermal vents, and cold seeps, and their role in biogeochemical cycling, energy flow, and ecosystem stability in the deep sea.
Microbial interactions with marine pollutants and their role in the biodegradation, detoxification, and bioaccumulation of contaminants in marine ecosystems, including oil spills, heavy metals, plastics, and agricultural runoff in coastal and oceanic environments.

Tips for Successful Microbiology Projects

Embarking on a microbiology project can be both exhilarating and challenging. Here are some tips to help you navigate the research process with confidence:

Planning and Organization: Start with a clear research question and outline a detailed project plan with achievable milestones.
Literature Review: Thoroughly review existing literature to build a solid theoretical framework for your research.
Laboratory Techniques and Safety: Adhere to best practices for experimental design, data collection, and laboratory safety protocols.
Data Analysis and Interpretation: Utilize appropriate statistical methods and data visualization tools to analyze your results effectively.
Effective Communication: Prepare concise and compelling presentations or manuscripts to communicate your findings to peers and stakeholders.

In conclusion, microbiology offers a vast playground for exploration and innovation. By choosing the right project topic and following sound research principles, you can make meaningful contributions to our understanding of the microbial universe.

We hope this curated list of microbiology project topics serves as a valuable resource for students and educators alike, inspiring the next generation of microbial enthusiasts to embark on their research journeys. Happy exploring!

Feel free to share your thoughts, feedback, or additional project ideas in the comments section below. Together, let’s continue unraveling the mysteries of microbiology!

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100+ Microbiology Project Topics [Updated]

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