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Article Contents

Answer to part 1, answer to part 2, answer to part 3, answer to part 4, answer to part 5.

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Educational Case: A 57-year-old man with chest pain

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Nikhil Aggarwal, Subothini Selvendran, Vassilios Vassiliou, Educational Case: A 57-year-old man with chest pain, Oxford Medical Case Reports , Volume 2016, Issue 4, April 2016, Pages 62–65, https://doi.org/10.1093/omcr/omw008

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This is an educational case report including multiple choice questions and their answers. For the best educational experience we recommend the interactive web version of the exercise which is available via the following link: http://www.oxfordjournals.org/our_journals/omcr/ec01p1.html

A 57 year-old male lorry driver, presented to his local emergency department with a 20-minute episode of diaphoresis and chest pain. The chest pain was central, radiating to the left arm and crushing in nature. The pain settled promptly following 300 mg aspirin orally and 800 mcg glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) spray sublingually administered by paramedics in the community. He smoked 20 cigarettes daily (38 pack years) but was not aware of any other cardiovascular risk factors. On examination he appeared comfortable and was able to complete sentences fully. There were no heart murmurs present on cardiac auscultation. Blood pressure was 180/105 mmHg, heart rate was 83 bpm and regular, oxygen saturation was 97%.

What is the most likely diagnosis?

An ECG was requested and is shown in figure 1.

How would you manage the patient? (The patient has already received 300 mg aspirin).

30 minutes later the patient's chest pain returned with greater intensity whilst waiting in the emergency department. Now, he described the pain as though “an elephant is sitting on his chest”. The nurse has already done an ECG by the time you were called to see him. This is shown in figure 2.

ECG on admission.

ECG 30 minutes after admission.

What would be the optimal management for this patient?

He was taken to the catheterization lab where the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was shown to be completely occluded. Following successful percutaneous intervention and one drug eluding stent implantation in the LAD normal flow is restored (Thrombosis in myocardial infarction, TIMI = 3). 72 hours later, he is ready to be discharged home. The patient is keen to return to work and asks when he could do so.

When would you advise him that he could return to work?

One week later, he receives a letter informing him that he is required to attend cardiac rehabilitation. The patient is confused as to what cardiac rehabilitation entails, although he does remember a nurse discussing this with him briefly before he was discharged. He phones the hospital in order to get some more information.

Which of the following can be addressed during cardiac rehabilitation?

A - Acute coronary syndrome

Although the presentation could be attributable to any of the above differential diagnoses, the most likely etiology given the clinical picture and risk factors is one of cardiac ischemia. Risk factors include gender, smoking status and age making the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome the most likely one. The broad differential diagnosis in patients presenting with chest pain has been discussed extensively in the medical literature. An old but relevant review can be found freely available 1 as well as more recent reviews. 2 , 3

C - Atorvastatin 80 mg, Clopidogrel 300 mcg, GTN 500 mcg, Ramipril 2.5 mg,

In patients with ACS, medications can be tailored to the individual patient. Some medications have symptomatic benefit but some also have prognostic benefit. Aspirin 4 , Clopidogrel 5 , Atenolol 6 and Atorvastatin 7 have been found to improve prognosis significantly. ACE inhibitors have also been found to improve left ventricular modeling and function after an MI. 8 , 9 Furthermore, GTN 10 and morphine 11 have been found to be of only significant symptomatic benefit.

Oxygen should only to be used when saturations <95% and at the lowest concentration required to keep saturations >95%. 12

There is no evidence that diltiazem, a calcium channel blocker, is of benefit. 13

His ECG in figure 1 does not fulfil ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) criteria and he should therefore be managed as a Non-STEMI. He would benefit prognostically from beta-blockade however his heart rate is only 42 bpm and therefore this is contraindicated. He should receive a loading dose of clopidogrel (300 mg) followed by daily maintenance dose (75 mg). 14 , 15 He might not require GTN if he is pain-free but out of the available answers 3 is the most correct.

D - Proceed to coronary angiography

The ECG shows ST elevation in leads V2-V6 and confirms an anterolateral STEMI, which suggests a completely occluded LAD. This ECG fulfils the criteria to initiate reperfusion therapy which traditionally require one of the three to be present: According to guidance, if the patient can undergo coronary angiography within 120 minutes from the onset of chest pain, then this represents the optimal management. If it is not possible to undergo coronary angiography and potentially percutaneous intervention within 2 hours, then thrombolysis is considered an acceptable alternative. 12 , 16

≥ 1 mm of ST change in at least two contiguous limb leads (II, III, AVF, I, AVL).

≥ 2 mm of ST change in at least two contiguous chest leads (V1-V6).

New left bundle branch block.

GTN and morphine administration can be considered in parallel but they do not have a prognostic benefit.

E - Not before an exercise test

This patient is a lorry driver and therefore has a professional heavy vehicle driving license. The regulation for driving initiation in a lorry driver following a NSTEMI/ STEMI may be different in various countries and therefore the local regulations should be followed.

In the UK, a lorry driver holds a category 2 driving license. He should therefore refrain from driving a lorry for at least 6 weeks and can only return to driving if he completes successfully an exercise evaluation. An exercise evaluation is performed on a bicycle or treadmill. Drivers should be able to complete 3 stages of the standard Bruce protocol 17 or equivalent (e.g. Myocardial perfusion scan) safely, having refrained from taking anti-anginal medication for 48 hours and should remain free from signs of cardiovascular dysfunction during the test, notably: angina pectoris, syncope, hypotension, sustained ventricular tachycardia, and/or electrocardiographic ST segment shift which is considered as being indicative of myocardial ischemia (usually >2 mm horizontal or down-sloping) during exercise or the recovery period. 18

For a standard car driving license (category 1), driving can resume one week after successful intervention providing that no other revascularization is planned within 4 weeks; left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is at least 40% prior to hospital discharge and there is no other disqualifying condition.

Therefore if this patent was in the UK, he could restart driving a normal car one week later assuming an echocardiogram confirmed an EF > 40%. However, he could only continue lorry driving once he has passed the required tests. 18

E - All of the above

Cardiac rehabilitation bridges the gap between hospitals and patients' homes. The cardiac rehabilitation team consists of various healthcare professions and the programme is started during hospital admission or after diagnosis. Its aim is to educate patients about their cardiac condition in order to help them adopt a healthier lifestyle. This includes educating patients' about their diet, exercise, risk factors associated with their condition such as smoking and alcohol intake and finally, about the medication recommended. There is good evidence that adherence to cardiac rehabilitation programmes improves survival and leads to a reduction in future cardiovascular events.​ 19 , 20

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Baigent C , Collins R , Appleby P , Parish S , Sleight P , Peto R . ISIS-2: 10 year survival among patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction in randomised comparison of intravenous streptokinase, oral aspirin, both, or neither. the ISIS-2 (second international study of infarct survival) collaborative group . BMJ . 1998 ; 316 (7141) : 1337 – 1343 . http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC28530/ .

Yusuf S , Zhao F , Mehta S , Chrolavicius S , Tognoni G , Fox K . Clopidogrel in unstable angina to prevent recurrent events trail investigators . effects of clopidogrel in addition to aspirin in patients with acute coronary syndromes without ST-segment elevation . N Engl J Med . 2001 ; 345 (7) : 494 – 502 . http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa010746#t=articleTop .

Yusuf S , Peto R , Lewis J , Collins R , Sleight P . Beta blockade during and after myocardial infarction: An overview of the randomized trials . Prog Cardiovasc Dis . 1985 ; 27 (5) : 335 – 371 . http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0033062085800037 .

Schwartz GG , Olsson AG , Ezekowitz MD et al.  . Effects of atorvastatin on early recurrent ischemic events in acute coronary syndromes: The MIRACL study: A randomized controlled trial . JAMA . 2001 ; 285 (13) : 1711 – 1718 . http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=193709 .

Pfeffer MA , Lamas GA , Vaughan DE , Parisi AF , Braunwald E . Effect of captopril on progressive ventricular dilatation after anterior myocardial infarction . N Engl J Med . 1988 ; 319 (2) : 80 – 86 . http://content.onlinejacc.org/article.aspx?articleid=1118054 .

Sharpe N , Smith H , Murphy J , Hannan S . Treatment of patients with symptomless left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction . The Lancet . 1988 ; 331 (8580) : 255 – 259 . http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673688903479 .

Ferreira JC , Mochly-Rosen D . Nitroglycerin use in myocardial infarction patients . Circ J . 2012 ; 76 (1) : 15 – 21 . http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3527093/ .

Herlitz J , Hjalmarson A , Waagstein F . Treatment of pain in acute myocardial infarction . Br Heart J . 1989 ; 61 (1) : 9 – 13 . http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1216614/ .

Task Force on the management of ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC), Steg PG, James SK, et al . ESC guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation . Eur Heart J . 2012 ; 33 (20) : 2569 – 2619 . http://eurheartj.oxfordjournals.org/content/33/20/2569 .

The effect of diltiazem on mortality and reinfarction after myocardial infarction . the multicenter diltiazem postinfarction trial research group . N Engl J Med . 1988 ; 319 (7) : 385 – 392 . http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM198808183190701 .

Jneid H , Anderson JL , Wright RS et al.  . 2012 ACCF/AHA focused update of the guideline for the management of patients with unstable angina/Non–ST-elevation myocardial infarction (updating the 2007 guideline and replacing the 2011 focused update) A report of the american college of cardiology foundation/american heart association task force on practice guidelines . J Am Coll Cardiol . 2012 ; 60 (7) : 645 – 681 . http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/123/18/2022.full .

Hamm CW , Bassand JP , Agewall S et al.  . ESC guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation: The task force for the management of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation of the european society of cardiology (ESC) . Eur Heart J . 2011 ; 32 (23) : 2999 – 3054 . http://eurheartj.oxfordjournals.org/content/32/23/2999.long .

O'Gara PT , Kushner FG , Ascheim DD et al.  . 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction: Executive summary: A report of the american college of cardiology foundation/american heart association task force on practice guidelines . J Am Coll Cardiol . 2013 ; 61 (4) : 485 – 510 . http://content.onlinejacc.org/article.aspx?articleid=1486115 .

BRUCE RA , LOVEJOY FW Jr . Normal respiratory and circulatory pathways of adaptation in exercise . J Clin Invest . 1949 ; 28 (6 Pt 2) : 1423 – 1430 . http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC439698/ .

DVLA . Https://Www.gov.uk/current-medical-guidelines-dvla-guidance-for-professionals-cardiovascular-chapter-appendix .

British Heart Foundation . Http://Www.bhf.org.uk/heart-health/living-with-heart-disease/cardiac-rehabilitation.aspx .

Kwan G , Balady GJ . Cardiac rehabilitation 2012: Advancing the field through emerging science . Circulation . 2012 ; 125 (7) : e369–73. http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/125/7/e369.full .

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Remember, success in nursing begins with knowledge and continues with lifelong learning. Explore our nursing case study examples and solutions today and embark on a journey of professional growth and excellence.

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Clinical Cases

Litfl clinical cases database.

The LITFL Clinical Case Collection includes over 250 Q&A style clinical cases to assist ‘ Just-in-Time Learning ‘ and ‘ Life-Long Learning ‘. Cases are categorized by specialty and can be interrogated by keyword from the Clinical Case searchable database.

Search by keywords; disease process; condition; eponym or clinical features…

Compendium of Clinical Cases

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This page offers a collection of interesting cases from the Penn Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine that are available to download as PDFs. To view specific case studies by organ system or subspecialty, use the filter checkboxes in the left sidebar.

56-year-old woman with 3.5 cm large right nasal mass, resected after 2 nondiagnostic biopsies

33-year-old man with complex ethmoid sinus mass and imaging concerning for a sinonasal malignancy, 34-year-old man with aml with sudden onset of headache and fever, 36-year-old woman presenting with hemoptysis, 65-year-old man with 2.3 cm right lower thyroid nodule, 56-year-old female presenting with a 3-month history of abdominal pain, 55-year-old male presenting with back pain, 62-year-old man with a right posterior nasal mass, 65-year-old female with a mass involving the maxillary sinus, 74-year-old female with an extradural tumor compressing the right frontal lobe, 35-year-old man with chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal septal perforation, 54-year-old man with a 3.6 cm right neck mass, 21-year-old man with asthma, chronic sinusitis, polyps, headache and proptosis, 57-year-old woman with a renal mass, 63-year-old man with history of iv drug use, 72-year-old man with polypoid esophageal mass, 20-year-old woman with 3 cm mass in the tail of pancreas, 40-year-old man with increasing frequency of hypoglycemic spells, 52-year-old woman with transient symptomatic hyperthyroidism, stay connected.

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• About This Site

Health Case Studies

(29 reviews)

Glynda Rees, British Columbia Institute of Technology

Rob Kruger, British Columbia Institute of Technology

Janet Morrison, British Columbia Institute of Technology

Copyright Year: 2017

Publisher: BCcampus

Language: English

Formats Available

Conditions of use.

Learn more about reviews.

Reviewed by Jessica Sellars, Medical assistant office instructor, Blue Mountain Community College on 10/11/23

This is a book of compiled and very well organized patient case studies. The author has broken it up by disease patient was experiencing and even the healthcare roles that took place in this patients care. There is a well thought out direction and... read more

Comprehensiveness rating: 5 see less

This is a book of compiled and very well organized patient case studies. The author has broken it up by disease patient was experiencing and even the healthcare roles that took place in this patients care. There is a well thought out direction and plan. There is an appendix to refer to as well if you are needing to find something specific quickly. I have been looking for something like this to help my students have a base to do their project on. This is the most comprehensive version I have found on the subject.

Content Accuracy rating: 5

This is a book compiled of medical case studies. It is very accurate and can be used to learn from great care and mistakes.

Relevance/Longevity rating: 5

This material is very relevant in this context. It also has plenty of individual case studies to utilize in many ways in all sorts of medical courses. This is a very useful textbook and it will continue to be useful for a very long time as you can still learn from each study even if medicine changes through out the years.

Clarity rating: 5

The author put a lot of thought into the ease of accessibility and reading level of the target audience. There is even a "how to use this resource" section which could be extremely useful to students.

Consistency rating: 5

The text follows a very consistent format throughout the book.

Modularity rating: 5

Each case study is individual broken up and in a group of similar case studies. This makes it extremely easy to utilize.

Organization/Structure/Flow rating: 5

The book is very organized and the appendix is through. It flows seamlessly through each case study.

Interface rating: 5

I had no issues navigating this book, It was clearly labeled and very easy to move around in.

Grammatical Errors rating: 5

I did not catch any grammar errors as I was going through the book

Cultural Relevance rating: 5

This is a challenging question for any medical textbook. It is very culturally relevant to those in medical or medical office degrees.

I have been looking for something like this for years. I am so happy to have finally found it.

Reviewed by Cindy Sun, Assistant Professor, Marshall University on 1/7/23

Interestingly, this is not a case of ‘you get what you pay for’. Instead, not only are the case studies organized in a fashion for ease of use through a detailed table of contents, the authors have included more support for both faculty and... read more

Interestingly, this is not a case of ‘you get what you pay for’. Instead, not only are the case studies organized in a fashion for ease of use through a detailed table of contents, the authors have included more support for both faculty and students. For faculty, the introduction section titled ‘How to use this resource’ and individual notes to educators before each case study contain application tips. An appendix overview lists key elements as issues / concepts, scenario context, and healthcare roles for each case study. For students, learning objectives are presented at the beginning of each case study to provide a framework of expectations.

The content is presented accurately and realistic.

The case studies read similar to ‘A Day In the Life of…’ with detailed intraprofessional communications similar to what would be overheard in patient care areas. The authors present not only the view of the patient care nurse, but also weave interprofessional vantage points through each case study by including patient interaction with individual professionals such as radiology, physician, etc.

In addition to objective assessment findings, the authors integrate standard orders for each diagnosis including medications, treatments, and tests allowing the student to incorporate pathophysiology components to their assessments.

Each case study is arranged in the same framework for consistency and ease of use.

This compilation of eight healthcare case studies focusing on new onset and exacerbation of prevalent diagnoses, such as heart failure, deep vein thrombosis, cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease advancing to pneumonia.

Each case study has a photo of the ‘patient’. Simple as this may seem, it gives an immediate mental image for the student to focus.

Interface rating: 4

As noted by previous reviewers, most of the links do not connect active web pages. This may be due to the multiple options for accessing this resource (pdf download, pdf electronic, web view, etc.).

Grammatical Errors rating: 4

A minor weakness that faculty will probably need to address prior to use is regarding specific term usages differences between Commonwealth countries and United States, such as lung sound descriptors as ‘quiet’ in place of ‘diminished’ and ‘puffers’ in place of ‘inhalers’.

The authors have provided a multicultural, multigenerational approach in selection of patient characteristics representing a snapshot of today’s patient population. Additionally, one case study focusing on heart failure is about a middle-aged adult, contrasting to the average aged patient the students would normally see during clinical rotations. This option provides opportunities for students to expand their knowledge on risk factors extending beyond age.

This resource is applicable to nursing students learning to care for patients with the specific disease processes presented in each case study or for the leadership students focusing on intraprofessional communication. Educators can assign as a supplement to clinical experiences or as an in-class application of knowledge.

Reviewed by Stephanie Sideras, Assistant Professor, University of Portland on 8/15/22

The eight case studies included in this text addressed high frequency health alterations that all nurses need to be able to manage competently. While diabetes was not highlighted directly, it was included as a potential comorbidity. The five... read more

The eight case studies included in this text addressed high frequency health alterations that all nurses need to be able to manage competently. While diabetes was not highlighted directly, it was included as a potential comorbidity. The five overarching learning objectives pulled from the Institute of Medicine core competencies will clearly resonate with any faculty familiar with Quality and Safety Education for Nurses curriculum.

The presentation of symptoms, treatments and management of the health alterations was accurate. Dialogue between the the interprofessional team was realistic. At times the formatting of lab results was confusing as they reflected reference ranges specific to the Canadian healthcare system but these occurrences were minimal and could be easily adapted.

The focus for learning from these case studies was communication - patient centered communication and interprofessional team communication. Specific details, such as drug dosing, was minimized, which increases longevity and allows for easy individualization of the case data.

While some vocabulary was specific to the Canadian healthcare system, overall the narrative was extremely engaging and easy to follow. Subjective case data from patient or provider were formatted in italics and identified as 'thoughts'. Objective and behavioral case data were smoothly integrated into the narrative.

The consistency of formatting across the eight cases was remarkable. Specific learning objectives are identified for each case and these remain consistent across the range of cases, varying only in the focus for the goals for each different health alterations. Each case begins with presentation of essential patient background and the progress across the trajectory of illness as the patient moves from location to location encountering different healthcare professionals. Many of the characters (the triage nurse in the Emergency Department, the phlebotomist) are consistent across the case situations. These consistencies facilitate both application of a variety of teaching methods and student engagement with the situated learning approach.

Case data is presented by location and begins with the patient's first encounter with the healthcare system. This allows for an examination of how specific trajectories of illness are manifested and how care management needs to be prioritized at different stages. This approach supports discussions of care transitions and the complexity of the associated interprofessional communication.

The text is well organized. The case that has two levels of complexity is clearly identified

The internal links between the table of contents and case specific locations work consistently. In the EPUB and the Digital PDF the external hyperlinks are inconsistently valid.

The grammatical errors were minimal and did not detract from readability

Cultural diversity is present across the cases in factors including race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, family dynamics and sexual orientation.

The level of detail included in these cases supports a teaching approach to address all three spectrums of learning - knowledge, skills and attitudes - necessary for the development of competent practice. I also appreciate the inclusion of specific assessment instruments that would facilitate a discussion of evidence based practice. I will enjoy using these case to promote clinical reasoning discussions of data that is noticed and interpreted with the resulting prioritizes that are set followed by reflections that result from learner choices.

Reviewed by Chris Roman, Associate Professor, Butler University on 5/19/22

It would be extremely difficult for a book of clinical cases to comprehensively cover all of medicine, and this text does not try. Rather, it provides cases related to common medical problems and introduces them in a way that allows for various... read more

Comprehensiveness rating: 4 see less

It would be extremely difficult for a book of clinical cases to comprehensively cover all of medicine, and this text does not try. Rather, it provides cases related to common medical problems and introduces them in a way that allows for various learning strategies to be employed to leverage the cases for deeper student learning and application.

The narrative form of the cases is less subject to issues of accuracy than a more content-based book would be. That said, the cases are realistic and reasonable, avoiding being too mundane or too extreme.

These cases are narrative and do not include many specific mentions of drugs, dosages, or other aspects of clinical care that may grow/evolve as guidelines change. For this reason, the cases should be “evergreen” and can be modified to suit different types of learners.

Clarity rating: 4

The text is written in very accessible language and avoids heavy use of technical language. Depending on the level of learner, this might even be too simplistic and omit some details that would be needed for physicians, pharmacists, and others to make nuanced care decisions.

The format is very consistent with clear labeling at transition points.

The authors point out in the introductory materials that this text is designed to be used in a modular fashion. Further, they have built in opportunities to customize each cases, such as giving dates of birth at “19xx” to allow for adjustments based on instructional objectives, etc.

The organization is very easy to follow.

I did not identify any issues in navigating the text.

The text contains no grammatical errors, though the language is a little stiff/unrealistic in some cases.

Cases involve patients and members of the care team that are of varying ages, genders, and racial/ethnic backgrounds

Reviewed by Trina Larery, Assistant Professor, Pittsburg State University on 4/5/22

The book covers common scenarios, providing allied health students insight into common health issues. The information in the book is thorough and easily modified if needed to include other scenarios not listed. The material was easy to understand... read more

The book covers common scenarios, providing allied health students insight into common health issues. The information in the book is thorough and easily modified if needed to include other scenarios not listed. The material was easy to understand and apply to the classroom. The E-reader format included hyperlinks that bring the students to subsequent clinical studies.

Content Accuracy rating: 4

The treatments were explained and rationales were given, which can be very helpful to facilitate effective learning for a nursing student or novice nurse. The case studies were accurate in explanation. The DVT case study incorrectly identifies the location of the clot in the popliteal artery instead of in the vein.

The content is relevant to a variety of different types of health care providers and due to the general nature of the cases, will remain relevant over time. Updates should be made annually to the hyperlinks and to assure current standard of practice is still being met.

Clear, simple and easy to read.

Consistent with healthcare terminology and framework throughout all eight case studies.

The text is modular. Cases can be used individually within a unit on the given disease process or relevant sections of a case could be used to illustrate a specific point providing great flexibility. The appendix is helpful in locating content specific to a certain diagnosis or a certain type of health care provider.

The book is well organized, presenting in a logical clear fashion. The appendix allows the student to move about the case study without difficulty.

The interface is easy and simple to navigate. Some links to external sources might need to be updated regularly since those links are subject to change based on current guidelines. A few hyperlinks had "page not found".

Few grammatical errors were noted in text.

The case studies include people of different ethnicities, socioeconomic status, ages, and genders to make this a very useful book.

I enjoyed reading the text. It was interesting and relevant to today's nursing student. There are roughly 25 broken online links or "pages not found", care needs to be taken to update at least annually and assure links are valid and utilizing the most up to date information.

Reviewed by Benjamin Silverberg, Associate Professor/Clinician, West Virginia University on 3/24/22

The appendix reviews the "key roles" and medical venues found in all 8 cases, but is fairly spartan on medical content. The table of contents at the beginning only lists the cases and locations of care. It can be a little tricky to figure out what... read more

Comprehensiveness rating: 3 see less

The appendix reviews the "key roles" and medical venues found in all 8 cases, but is fairly spartan on medical content. The table of contents at the beginning only lists the cases and locations of care. It can be a little tricky to figure out what is going on where, especially since each case is largely conversation-based. Since this presents 8 cases (really 7 with one being expanded upon), there are many medical topics (and venues) that are not included. It's impossible to include every kind of situation, but I'd love to see inclusion of sexual health, renal pathology, substance abuse, etc.

Though there are differences in how care can be delivered based on personal style, changing guidelines, available supplies, etc, the medical accuracy seems to be high. I did not detect bias or industry influence.

Relevance/Longevity rating: 4

Medications are generally listed as generics, with at least current dosing recommendations. The text gives a picture of what care looks like currently, but will be a little challenging to update based on new guidelines (ie, it can be hard to find the exact page in which a medication is dosed/prescribed). Even if the text were to be a little out of date, an instructor can use that to point out what has changed (and why).

Clear text, usually with definitions of medical slang or higher-tier vocabulary. Minimal jargon and there are instances where the "characters" are sorting out the meaning as well, making it accessible for new learners, too.

Overall, the style is consistent between cases - largely broken up into scenes and driven by conversation rather than descriptions of what is happening.

There are 8 (well, again, 7) cases which can be reviewed in any order. Case #2 builds upon #1, which is intentional and a good idea, though personally I would have preferred one case to have different possible outcomes or even a recurrence of illness. Each scene within a case is reasonably short.

Organization/Structure/Flow rating: 4

These cases are modular and don't really build on concepts throughout. As previously stated, case #2 builds upon #1, but beyond that, there is no progression. (To be sure, the authors suggest using case #1 for newer learners and #2 for more advanced ones.) The text would benefit from thematic grouping, a longer introduction and debriefing for each case (there are learning objectives but no real context in medical education nor questions to reflect on what was just read), and progressively-increasing difficulty in medical complexity, ethics, etc.

I used the PDF version and had no interface issues. There are minimal photographs and charts. Some words are marked in blue but those did not seem to be hyperlinked anywhere.

No noticeable errors in grammar, spelling, or formatting were noted.

I appreciate that some diversity of age and ethnicity were offered, but this could be improved. There were Canadian Indian and First Nations patients, for example, as well as other characters with implied diversity, but there didn't seem to be any mention of gender diverse or non-heterosexual people, or disabilities. The cases tried to paint family scenes (the first patient's dog was fairly prominently mentioned) to humanize them. Including more cases would allow for more opportunities to include sex/gender minorities, (hidden) disabilities, etc.

The text (originally from 2017) could use an update. It could be used in conjunction with other Open Texts, as a compliment to other coursework, or purely by itself. The focus is meant to be on improving communication, but there are only 3 short pages at the beginning of the text considering those issues (which are really just learning objectives). In addition to adding more cases and further diversity, I personally would love to see more discussion before and after the case to guide readers (and/or instructors). I also wonder if some of the ambiguity could be improved by suggesting possible health outcomes - this kind of counterfactual comparison isn't possible in real life and could be really interesting in a text. Addition of comprehension/discussion questions would also be worthwhile.

Reviewed by Danielle Peterson, Assistant Professor, University of Saint Francis on 12/31/21

This text provides readers with 8 case studies which include both chronic and acute healthcare issues. Although not comprehensive in regard to types of healthcare conditions, it provides a thorough look at the communication between healthcare... read more

This text provides readers with 8 case studies which include both chronic and acute healthcare issues. Although not comprehensive in regard to types of healthcare conditions, it provides a thorough look at the communication between healthcare workers in acute hospital settings. The cases are primarily set in the inpatient hospital setting, so the bulk of the clinical information is basic emergency care and inpatient protocol: vitals, breathing, medication management, etc. The text provides a table of contents at opening of the text and a handy appendix at the conclusion of the text that outlines each case’s issue(s), scenario, and healthcare roles. No index or glossary present.

Although easy to update, it should be noted that the cases are taking place in a Canadian healthcare system. Terms may be unfamiliar to some students including “province,” “operating theatre,” “physio/physiotherapy,” and “porter.” Units of measurement used include Celsius and meters. Also, the issue of managed care, health insurance coverage, and length of stay is missing for American students. These are primary issues that dictate much of the healthcare system in the US and a primary job function of social workers, nurse case managers, and medical professionals in general. However, instructors that wish to add this to the case studies could do so easily.

The focus of this text is on healthcare communication which makes it less likely to become obsolete. Much of the clinical information is stable healthcare practice that has been standard of care for quite some time. Nevertheless, given the nature of text, updates would be easy to make. Hyperlinks should be updated to the most relevant and trustworthy sources and checked frequently for effectiveness.

The spacing that was used to note change of speaker made for ease of reading. Although unembellished and plain, I expect students to find this format easy to digest and interesting, especially since the script is appropriately balanced with ‘human’ qualities like the current TV shows and songs, the use of humor, and nonverbal cues.

A welcome characteristic of this text is its consistency. Each case is presented in a similar fashion and the roles of the healthcare team are ‘played’ by the same character in each of the scenarios. This allows students to see how healthcare providers prioritize cases and juggle the needs of multiple patients at once. Across scenarios, there was inconsistency in when clinical terms were hyperlinked.

The text is easily divisible into smaller reading sections. However, since the nature of the text is script-narrative format, if significant reorganization occurs, one will need to make sure that the communication of the script still makes sense.

The text is straightforward and presented in a consistent fashion: learning objectives, case history, a script of what happened before the patient enters the healthcare setting, and a script of what happens once the patient arrives at the healthcare setting. The authors use the term, “ideal interactions,” and I would agree that these cases are in large part, ‘best case scenarios.’ Due to this, the case studies are well organized, clear, logical, and predictable. However, depending on the level of student, instructors may want to introduce complications that are typical in the hospital setting.

The interface is pleasing and straightforward. With exception to the case summary and learning objectives, the cases are in narrative, script format. Each case study supplies a photo of the ‘patient’ and one of the case studies includes a link to a 3-minute video that introduces the reader to the patient/case. One of the highlights of this text is the use of hyperlinks to various clinical practices (ABG, vital signs, transfer of patient). Unfortunately, a majority of the links are broken. However, since this is an open text, instructors can update the links to their preference.

Although not free from grammatical errors, those that were noticed were minimal and did not detract from reading.

Cultural Relevance rating: 4

Cultural diversity is visible throughout the patients used in the case studies and includes factors such as age, race, socioeconomic status, family dynamics, and sexual orientation. A moderate level of diversity is noted in the healthcare team with some stereotypes: social workers being female, doctors primarily male.

As a social work instructor, I was grateful to find a text that incorporates this important healthcare role. I would have liked to have seen more content related to advance directives, mediating decision making between the patient and care team, emotional and practical support related to initial diagnosis and discharge planning, and provision of support to colleagues, all typical roles of a medical social worker. I also found it interesting that even though social work was included in multiple scenarios, the role was only introduced on the learning objectives page for the oncology case.

Reviewed by Crystal Wynn, Associate Professor, Virginia State University on 7/21/21

The text covers a variety of chronic diseases within the cases; however, not all of the common disease states were included within the text. More chronic diseases need to be included such as diabetes, cancer, and renal failure. Not all allied... read more

The text covers a variety of chronic diseases within the cases; however, not all of the common disease states were included within the text. More chronic diseases need to be included such as diabetes, cancer, and renal failure. Not all allied health care team members are represented within the case study. Key terms appear throughout the case study textbook and readers are able to click on a hyperlink which directs them to the definition and an explanation of the key term.

Content is accurate, error-free and unbiased.

The content is up-to-date, but not in a way that will quickly make the text obsolete within a short period of time. The text is written and/or arranged in such a way that necessary updates will be relatively easy and straightforward to implement.

The text is written in lucid, accessible prose, and provides adequate context for any jargon/technical terminology used

The text is internally consistent in terms of terminology and framework.

The text is easily and readily divisible into smaller reading sections that can be assigned at different points within the course. Each case can be divided into a chronic disease state unit, which will allow the reader to focus on one section at a time.

Organization/Structure/Flow rating: 3

The topics in the text are presented in a logical manner. Each case provides an excessive amount of language that provides a description of the case. The cases in this text reads more like a novel versus a clinical textbook. The learning objectives listed within each case should be in the form of questions or activities that could be provided as resources for instructors and teachers.

Interface rating: 3

There are several hyperlinks embedded within the textbook that are not functional.

The text contains no grammatical errors.

Cultural Relevance rating: 3

The text is not culturally insensitive or offensive in any way. More examples of cultural inclusiveness is needed throughout the textbook. The cases should be indicative of individuals from a variety of races and ethnicities.

Reviewed by Rebecca Hillary, Biology Instructor, Portland Community College on 6/15/21

This textbook consists of a collection of clinical case studies that can be applicable to a wide range of learning environments from supplementing an undergraduate Anatomy and Physiology Course, to including as part of a Medical or other health... read more

This textbook consists of a collection of clinical case studies that can be applicable to a wide range of learning environments from supplementing an undergraduate Anatomy and Physiology Course, to including as part of a Medical or other health care program. I read the textbook in E-reader format and this includes hyperlinks that bring the students to subsequent clinical study if the book is being used in a clinical classroom. This book is significantly more comprehensive in its approach from other case studies I have read because it provides a bird’s eye view of the many clinicians, technicians, and hospital staff working with one patient. The book also provides real time measurements for patients that change as they travel throughout the hospital until time of discharge.

Each case gave an accurate sense of the chaos that would be present in an emergency situation and show how the conditions affect the practitioners as well as the patients. The reader gets an accurate big picture--a feel for each practitioner’s point of view as well as the point of view of the patient and the patient’s family as the clock ticks down and the patients are subjected to a number of procedures. The clinical information contained in this textbook is all in hyperlinks containing references to clinical skills open text sources or medical websites. I did find one broken link on an external medical resource.

The diseases presented are relevant and will remain so. Some of the links are directly related to the Canadian Medical system so they may not be applicable to those living in other regions. Clinical links may change over time but the text itself will remain relevant.

Each case study clearly presents clinical data as is it recorded in real time.

Each case study provides the point of view of several practitioners and the patient over several days. While each of the case studies covers different pathology they all follow this same format, several points of view and data points, over a number of days.

The case studies are divided by days and this was easy to navigate as a reader. It would be easy to assign one case study per body system in an Anatomy and Physiology course, or to divide them up into small segments for small in class teaching moments.

The topics are presented in an organized way showing clinical data over time and each case presents a large number of view points. For example, in the first case study, the patient is experiencing difficulty breathing. We follow her through several days from her entrance to the emergency room. We meet her X Ray Technicians, Doctor, Nurses, Medical Assistant, Porter, Physiotherapist, Respiratory therapist, and the Lab Technicians running her tests during her stay. Each practitioner paints the overall clinical picture to the reader.

I found the text easy to navigate. There were not any figures included in the text, only clinical data organized in charts. The figures were all accessible via hyperlink. Some figures within the textbook illustrating patient scans could have been helpful but I did not have trouble navigating the links to visualize the scans.

I did not see any grammatical errors in the text.

The patients in the text are a variety of ages and have a variety of family arrangements but there is not much diversity among the patients. Our seven patients in the eight case studies are mostly white and all cis gendered.

Some of the case studies, for example the heart failure study, show clinical data before and after drug treatments so the students can get a feel for mechanism in physiological action. I also liked that the case studies included diet and lifestyle advice for the patients rather than solely emphasizing these pharmacological interventions. Overall, I enjoyed reading through these case studies and I plan to utilize them in my Anatomy and Physiology courses.

Reviewed by Richard Tarpey, Assistant Professor, Middle Tennessee State University on 5/11/21

As a case study book, there is no index or glossary. However, medical and technical terms provide a useful link to definitions and explanations that will prove useful to students unfamiliar with the terms. The information provided is appropriate... read more

As a case study book, there is no index or glossary. However, medical and technical terms provide a useful link to definitions and explanations that will prove useful to students unfamiliar with the terms. The information provided is appropriate for entry-level health care students. The book includes important health problems, but I would like to see coverage of at least one more chronic/lifestyle issue such as diabetes. The book covers adult issues only.

Content is accurate without bias

The content of the book is relevant and up-to-date. It addresses conditions that are prevalent in today's population among adults. There are no pediatric cases, but this does not significantly detract from the usefulness of the text. The format of the book lends to easy updating of data or information.

The book is written with clarity and is easy to read. The writing style is accessible and technical terminology is explained with links to more information.

Consistency is present. Lack of consistency is typically a problem with case study texts, but this book is consistent with presentation, format, and terminology throughout each of the eight cases.

The book has high modularity. Each of the case studies can be used independently from the others providing flexibility. Additionally, each case study can be partitioned for specific learning objectives based on the learning objectives of the course or module.

The book is well organized, presenting students conceptually with differing patient flow patterns through a hospital. The patient information provided at the beginning of each case is a wonderful mechanism for providing personal context for the students as they consider the issues. Many case studies focus on the problem and the organization without students getting a patient's perspective. The patient perspective is well represented in these cases.

The navigation through the cases is good. There are some terminology and procedure hyperlinks within the cases that do not work when accessed. This is troubling if you intend to use the text for entry-level health care students since many of these links are critical for a full understanding of the case.

There are some non-US variants of spelling and a few grammatical errors, but these do not detract from the content of the messages of each case.

The book is inclusive of differing backgrounds and perspectives. No insensitive or offensive references were found.

I like this text for its application flexibility. The book is useful for non-clinical healthcare management students to introduce various healthcare-related concepts and terminology. The content is also helpful for the identification of healthcare administration managerial issues for students to consider. The book has many applications.

Reviewed by Paula Baldwin, Associate Professor/Communication Studies, Western Oregon University on 5/10/21

The different case studies fall on a range, from crisis care to chronic illness care. read more

The different case studies fall on a range, from crisis care to chronic illness care.

The contents seems to be written as they occurred to represent the most complete picture of each medical event's occurence.

These case studies are from the Canadian medical system, but that does not interfere with it's applicability.

It is written for a medical audience, so the terminology is mostly formal and technical.

Some cases are shorter than others and some go in more depth, but it is not problematic.

The eight separate case studies is the perfect size for a class in the quarter system. You could combine this with other texts, videos or learning modalities, or use it alone.

As this is a case studies book, there is not a need for a logical progression in presentation of topics.

No problems in terms of interface.

I have not seen any grammatical errors.

I did not see anything that was culturally insensitive.

I used this in a Health Communication class and it has been extraordinarily successful. My studies are analyzing the messaging for the good, the bad, and the questionable. The case studies are widely varied and it gives the class insights into hospital experiences, both front and back stage, that they would not normally be able to examine. I believe that because it is based real-life medical incidents, my students are finding the material highly engaging.

Reviewed by Marlena Isaac, Instructor, Aiken Technical College on 4/23/21

This text is great to walk through patient care with entry level healthcare students. The students are able to take in the information, digest it, then provide suggestions to how they would facilitate patient healing. Then when they are faced with... read more

This text is great to walk through patient care with entry level healthcare students. The students are able to take in the information, digest it, then provide suggestions to how they would facilitate patient healing. Then when they are faced with a situation in clinical they are not surprised and now how to move through it effectively.

The case studies provided accurate information that relates to the named disease.

It is relevant to health care studies and the development of critical thinking.

Cases are straightforward with great clinical information.

Clinical information is provided concisely.

Appropriate for clinical case study.

Presented to facilitate information gathering.

Takes a while to navigate in the browser.

Cultural Relevance rating: 1

Text lacks adequate representation of minorities.

Reviewed by Kim Garcia, Lecturer III, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley on 11/16/20

The book has 8 case studies, so obviously does not cover the whole of medicine, but the cases provided are descriptive and well developed. Cases are presented at different levels of difficulty, making the cases appropriate for students at... read more

The book has 8 case studies, so obviously does not cover the whole of medicine, but the cases provided are descriptive and well developed. Cases are presented at different levels of difficulty, making the cases appropriate for students at different levels of clinical knowledge. The human element of both patient and health care provider is well captured. The cases are presented with a focus on interprofessional interaction and collaboration, more so than teaching medical content.

Content is accurate and un-biased. No errors noted. Most diagnostic and treatment information is general so it will remain relevant over time. The content of these cases is more appropriate for teaching interprofessional collaboration and less so for teaching the medical care for each diagnosis.

The content is relevant to a variety of different types of health care providers (nurses, radiologic technicians, medical laboratory personnel, etc) and due to the general nature of the cases, will remain relevant over time.

Easy to read. Clear headings are provided for sections of each case study and these section headings clearly tell when time has passed or setting has changed. Enough description is provided to help set the scene for each part of the case. Much of the text is written in the form of dialogue involving patient, family and health care providers, making it easy to adapt for role play. Medical jargon is limited and links for medical terms are provided to other resources that expound on medical terms used.

The text is consistent in structure of each case. Learning objectives are provided. Cases generally start with the patient at home and move with the patient through admission, testing and treatment, using a variety of healthcare services and encountering a variety of personnel.

The text is modular. Cases could be used individually within a unit on the given disease process or relevant sections of a case could be used to illustrate a specific point. The appendix is helpful in locating content specific to a certain diagnosis or a certain type of health care provider.

Each case follows a patient in a logical, chronologic fashion. A clear table of contents and appendix are provided which allows the user to quickly locate desired content. It would be helpful if the items in the table of contents and appendix were linked to the corresponding section of the text.

The hyperlinks to content outside this book work, however using the back arrow on your browser returns you to the front page of the book instead of to the point at which you left the text. I would prefer it if the hyperlinks opened in a new window or tab so closing that window or tab would leave you back where you left the text.

No grammatical errors were noted.

The text is culturally inclusive and appropriate. Characters, both patients and care givers are of a variety of races, ethnicities, ages and backgrounds.

I enjoyed reading the cases and reviewing this text. I can think of several ways in which I will use this content.

Reviewed by Raihan Khan, Instructor/Assistant Professor, James Madison University on 11/3/20

The book contains several important health issues, however still missing some chronic health issues that the students should learn before they join the workforce, such as diabetes-related health issues suffered by the patients. read more

The book contains several important health issues, however still missing some chronic health issues that the students should learn before they join the workforce, such as diabetes-related health issues suffered by the patients.

The health information contained in the textbook is mostly accurate.

I think the book is written focusing on the current culture and health issues faced by the patients. To keep the book relevant in the future, the contexts especially the culture/lifestyle/health care modalities, etc. would need to be updated regularly.

The language is pretty simple, clear, and easy to read.

There is no complaint about consistency. One of the main issues of writing a book, consistency was well managed by the authors.

The book is easy to explore based on how easy the setup is. Students can browse to the specific section that they want to read without much hassle of finding the correct information.

The organization is simple but effective. The authors organized the book based on what can happen in a patient's life and what possible scenarios students should learn about the disease. From that perspective, the book does a good job.

The interface is easy and simple to navigate. Some links to external sources might need to be updated regularly since those links are subject to change that is beyond the author's control. It's frustrating for the reader when the external link shows no information.

The book is free of any major language and grammatical errors.

The book might do a little better in cultural competency. e.g. Last name Singh is mainly for Sikh people. In the text Harj and Priya Singh are Muslim. the authors can consult colleagues who are more familiar with those cultures and revise some cultural aspects of the cases mentioned in the book.

The book is a nice addition to the open textbook world. Hope to see more health issues covered by the book.

Reviewed by Ryan Sheryl, Assistant Professor, California State University, Dominguez Hills on 7/16/20

This text contains 8 medical case studies that reflect best practices at the time of publication. The text identifies 5 overarching learning objectives: interprofessional collaboration, client centered care, evidence-based practice, quality... read more

This text contains 8 medical case studies that reflect best practices at the time of publication. The text identifies 5 overarching learning objectives: interprofessional collaboration, client centered care, evidence-based practice, quality improvement, and informatics. While the case studies do not cover all medical conditions or bodily systems, the book is thorough in conveying details of various patients and medical team members in a hospital environment. Rather than an index or glossary at the end of the text, it contains links to outside websites for more information on medical tests and terms referenced in the cases.

The content provided is reflective of best practices in patient care, interdisciplinary collaboration, and communication at the time of publication. It is specifically accurate for the context of hospitals in Canada. The links provided throughout the text have the potential to supplement with up-to-date descriptions and definitions, however, many of them are broken (see notes in Interface section).

The content of the case studies reflects the increasingly complex landscape of healthcare, including a variety of conditions, ages, and personal situations of the clients and care providers. The text will require frequent updating due to the rapidly changing landscape of society and best practices in client care. For example, a future version may include inclusive practices with transgender clients, or address ways medical racism implicitly impacts client care (see notes in Cultural Relevance section).

The text is written clearly and presents thorough, realistic details about working and being treated in an acute hospital context.

The text is very straightforward. It is consistent in its structure and flow. It uses consistent terminology and follows a structured framework throughout.

Being a series of 8 separate case studies, this text is easily and readily divisible into smaller sections. The text was designed to be taken apart and used piece by piece in order to serve various learning contexts. The parts of each case study can also be used independently of each other to facilitate problem solving.

The topics in the case studies are presented clearly. The structure of each of the case studies proceeds in a similar fashion. All of the cases are set within the same hospital so the hospital personnel and service providers reappear across the cases, giving a textured portrayal of the experiences of the various service providers. The cases can be used individually, or one service provider can be studied across the various studies.

The text is very straightforward, without complex charts or images that could become distorted. Many of the embedded links are broken and require updating. The links that do work are a very useful way to define and expand upon medical terms used in the case studies.

Grammatical errors are minimal and do not distract from the flow of the text. In one instance the last name Singh is spelled Sing, and one patient named Fred in the text is referred to as Frank in the appendix.

The cases all show examples of health care personnel providing compassionate, client-centered care, and there is no overt discrimination portrayed. Two of the clients are in same-sex marriages and these are shown positively. It is notable, however, that the two cases presenting people of color contain more negative characteristics than the other six cases portraying Caucasian people. The people of color are the only two examples of clients who smoke regularly. In addition, the Indian client drinks and is overweight, while the First Nations client is the only one in the text to have a terminal diagnosis. The Indian client is identified as being Punjabi and attending a mosque, although there are only 2% Muslims in the Punjab province of India. Also, the last name Singh generally indicates a person who is a Hindu or Sikh, not Muslim.

Reviewed by Monica LeJeune, RN Instructor, LSUE on 4/24/20

Has comprehensive unfolding case studies that guide the reader to recognize and manage the scenario presented. Assists in critical thinking process. read more

Has comprehensive unfolding case studies that guide the reader to recognize and manage the scenario presented. Assists in critical thinking process.

Accurately presents health scenarios with real life assessment techniques and patient outcomes.

Relevant to nursing practice.

Clearly written and easily understood.

Consistent with healthcare terminology and framework

Has a good reading flow.

Topics presented in logical fashion

Easy to read.

No grammatical errors noted.

Text is not culturally insensitive or offensive.

Good book to have to teach nursing students.

Reviewed by april jarrell, associate professor, J. Sargeant Reynolds Community College on 1/7/20

The text is a great case study tool that is appropriate for nursing school instructors to use in aiding students to learn the nursing process. read more

The text is a great case study tool that is appropriate for nursing school instructors to use in aiding students to learn the nursing process.

The content is accurate and evidence based. There is no bias noted

The content in the text is relevant, up to date for nursing students. It will be easy to update content as needed because the framework allows for addition to the content.

The text is clear and easy to understand.

Framework and terminology is consistent throughout the text; the case study is a continual and takes the student on a journey with the patient. Great for learning!

The case studies can be easily divided into smaller sections to allow for discussions, and weekly studies.

The text and content progress in a logical, clear fashion allowing for progression of learning.

No interface issues noted with this text.

No grammatical errors noted in the text.

No racial or culture insensitivity were noted in the text.

I would recommend this text be used in nursing schools. The use of case studies are helpful for students to learn and practice the nursing process.

Reviewed by Lisa Underwood, Practical Nursing Instructor, NTCC on 12/3/19

The text provides eight comprehensive case studies that showcase the different viewpoints of the many roles involved in patient care. It encompasses the most common seen diagnoses seen across healthcare today. Each case study comes with its own... read more

The text provides eight comprehensive case studies that showcase the different viewpoints of the many roles involved in patient care. It encompasses the most common seen diagnoses seen across healthcare today. Each case study comes with its own set of learning objectives that can be tweaked to fit several allied health courses. Although the case studies are designed around the Canadian Healthcare System, they are quite easily adaptable to fit most any modern, developed healthcare system.

Content Accuracy rating: 3

Overall, the text is quite accurate. There is one significant error that needs to be addressed. It is located in the DVT case study. In the study, a popliteal artery clot is mislabeled as a DVT. DVTs are located in veins, not in arteries. That said, the case study on the whole is quite good. This case study could be used as a learning tool in the classroom for discussion purposes or as a way to test student understanding of DVTs, on example might be, "Can they spot the error?"

At this time, all of the case studies within the text are current. Healthcare is an ever evolving field that rests on the best evidence based practice. Keeping that in mind, educators can easily adapt the studies as the newest evidence emerges and changes practice in healthcare.

All of the case studies are well written and easy to understand. The text includes several hyperlinks and it also highlights certain medical terminology to prompt readers as a way to enhance their learning experience.

Across the text, the language, style, and format of the case studies are completely consistent.

The text is divided into eight separate case studies. Each case study may be used independently of the others. All case studies are further broken down as the focus patient passes through each aspect of their healthcare system. The text's modularity makes it possible to use a case study as individual work, group projects, class discussions, homework or in a simulation lab.

The case studies and the diagnoses that they cover are presented in such a way that educators and allied health students can easily follow and comprehend.

The book in itself is free of any image distortion and it prints nicely. The text is offered in a variety of digital formats. As noted in the above reviews, some of the hyperlinks have navigational issues. When the reader attempts to access them, a "page not found" message is received.

There were minimal grammatical errors. Some of which may be traced back to the differences in our spelling.

The text is culturally relevant in that it includes patients from many different backgrounds and ethnicities. This allows educators and students to explore cultural relevance and sensitivity needs across all areas in healthcare. I do not believe that the text was in any way insensitive or offensive to the reader.

By using the case studies, it may be possible to have an open dialogue about the differences noted in healthcare systems. Students will have the ability to compare and contrast the Canadian healthcare system with their own. I also firmly believe that by using these case studies, students can improve their critical thinking skills. These case studies help them to "put it all together".

Reviewed by Melanie McGrath, Associate Professor, TRAILS on 11/29/19

The text covered some of the most common conditions seen by healthcare providers in a hospital setting, which forms a solid general base for the discussions based on each case. read more

The text covered some of the most common conditions seen by healthcare providers in a hospital setting, which forms a solid general base for the discussions based on each case.

I saw no areas of inaccuracy

As in all healthcare texts, treatments and/or tests will change frequently. However, everything is currently up-to-date thus it should be a good reference for several years.

Each case is written so that any level of healthcare student would understand. Hyperlinks in the text is also very helpful.

All of the cases are written in a similar fashion.

Although not structured as a typical text, each case is easily assigned as a stand-alone.

Each case is organized clearly in an appropriate manner.

I did not see any issues.

I did not see any grammatical errors

The text seemed appropriately inclusive. There are no pediatric cases and no cases of intellectually-impaired patients, but those types of cases introduce more advanced problem-solving which perhaps exceed the scope of the text. May be a good addition to the text.

I found this text to be an excellent resource for healthcare students in a variety of fields. It would be best utilized in inter professional courses to help guide discussion.

Reviewed by Lynne Umbarger, Clinical Assistant Professor, Occupational Therapy, Emory and Henry College on 11/26/19

While the book does not cover every scenario, the ones in the book are quite common and troublesome for inexperienced allied health students. The information in the book is thorough enough, and I have found the cases easy to modify for educational... read more

While the book does not cover every scenario, the ones in the book are quite common and troublesome for inexperienced allied health students. The information in the book is thorough enough, and I have found the cases easy to modify for educational purposes. The material was easily understood by the students but challenging enough for classroom discussion. There are no mentions in the book about occupational therapy, but it is easy enough to add a couple words and make inclusion simple.

Very nice lab values are provided in the case study, making it more realistic for students.

These case studies focus on commonly encountered diagnoses for allied health and nursing students. They are comprehensive, realistic, and easily understood. The only difference is that the hospital in one case allows the patient's dog to visit in the room (highly unusual in US hospitals).

The material is easily understood by allied health students. The cases have links to additional learning materials for concepts that may be less familiar or should be explored further in a particular health field.

The language used in the book is consistent between cases. The framework is the same with each case which makes it easier to locate areas that would be of interest to a particular allied health profession.

The case studies are comprehensive but well-organized. They are short enough to be useful for class discussion or a full-blown assignment. The students seem to understand the material and have not expressed that any concepts or details were missing.

Each case is set up like the other cases. There are learning objectives at the beginning of each case to facilitate using the case, and it is easy enough to pull out material to develop useful activities and assignments.

There is a quick chart in the Appendix to allow the reader to determine the professions involved in each case as well as the pertinent settings and diagnoses for each case study. The contents are easy to access even while reading the book.

As a person who attends carefully to grammar, I found no errors in all of the material I read in this book.

There are a greater number of people of different ethnicities, socioeconomic status, ages, and genders to make this a very useful book. With each case, I could easily picture the person in the case. This book appears to be Canadian and more inclusive than most American books.

I was able to use this book the first time I accessed it to develop a classroom activity for first-year occupational therapy students and a more comprehensive activity for second-year students. I really appreciate the links to a multitude of terminology and medical lab values/issues for each case. I will keep using this book.

Reviewed by Cindy Krentz, Assistant Professor, Metropolitan State University of Denver on 6/15/19

The book covers eight case studies of common inpatient or emergency department scenarios. I appreciated that they had written out the learning objectives. I liked that the patient was described before the case was started, giving some... read more

The book covers eight case studies of common inpatient or emergency department scenarios. I appreciated that they had written out the learning objectives. I liked that the patient was described before the case was started, giving some understanding of the patient's background. I think it could benefit from having a glossary. I liked how the authors included the vital signs in an easily readable bar. I would have liked to see the labs also highlighted like this. I also felt that it would have been good written in a 'what would you do next?' type of case study.

The book is very accurate in language, what tests would be prudent to run and in the day in the life of the hospital in all cases. One inaccuracy is that the authors called a popliteal artery clot a DVT. The rest of the DVT case study was great, though, but the one mistake should be changed.

The book is up to date for now, but as tests become obsolete and new equipment is routinely used, the book ( like any other health textbook) will need to be updated. It would be easy to change, however. All that would have to happen is that the authors go in and change out the test to whatever newer, evidence-based test is being utilized.

The text is written clearly and easy to understand from a student's perspective. There is not too much technical jargon, and it is pretty universal when used- for example DVT for Deep Vein Thrombosis.

The book is consistent in language and how it is broken down into case studies. The same format is used for highlighting vital signs throughout the different case studies. It's great that the reader does not have to read the book in a linear fashion. Each case study can be read without needing to read the others.

The text is broken down into eight case studies, and within the case studies is broken down into days. It is consistent and shows how the patient can pass through the different hospital departments (from the ER to the unit, to surgery, to home) in a realistic manner. The instructor could use one or more of the case studies as (s)he sees fit.

The topics are eight different case studies- and are presented very clearly and organized well. Each one is broken down into how the patient goes through the system. The text is easy to follow and logical.

The interface has some problems with the highlighted blue links. Some of them did not work and I got a 'page not found' message. That can be frustrating for the reader. I'm wondering if a glossary could be utilized (instead of the links) to explain what some of these links are supposed to explain.

I found two or three typos, I don't think they were grammatical errors. In one case I think the Canadian spelling and the United States spelling of the word are just different.

This is a very culturally competent book. In today's world, however, one more type of background that would merit delving into is the trans-gender, GLBTQI person. I was glad that there were no stereotypes.

I enjoyed reading the text. It was interesting and relevant to today's nursing student. Since we are becoming more interprofessional, I liked that we saw what the phlebotomist and other ancillary personnel (mostly different technicians) did. I think that it could become even more interdisciplinary so colleges and universities could have more interprofessional education- courses or simulations- with the addition of the nurse using social work, nutrition, or other professional health care majors.

Reviewed by Catherine J. Grott, Interim Director, Health Administration Program, TRAILS on 5/5/19

The book is comprehensive but is specifically written for healthcare workers practicing in Canada. The title of the book should reflect this. read more

The book is comprehensive but is specifically written for healthcare workers practicing in Canada. The title of the book should reflect this.

The book is accurate, however it has numerous broken online links.

Relevance/Longevity rating: 3

The content is very relevant, but some links are out-dated. For example, WHO Guidelines for Safe Surgery 2009 (p. 186) should be updated.

The book is written in clear and concise language. The side stories about the healthcare workers make the text interesting.

The book is consistent in terms of terminology and framework. Some terms that are emphasized in one case study are not emphasized (with online links) in the other case studies. All of the case studies should have the same words linked to online definitions.

Modularity rating: 3

The book can easily be parsed out if necessary. However, the way the case studies have been written, it's evident that different authors contributed singularly to each case study.

The organization and flow are good.

Interface rating: 1

There are numerous broken online links and "pages not found."

The grammar and punctuation are correct. There are two errors detected: p. 120 a space between the word "heart" and the comma; also a period is needed after Dr (p. 113).

I'm not quite sure that the social worker (p. 119) should comment that the patient and partner are "very normal people."

There are roughly 25 broken online links or "pages not found." The BC & Canadian Guidelines (p. 198) could also include a link to US guidelines to make the text more universal . The basilar crackles (p. 166) is very good. Text could be used compare US and Canadian healthcare. Text could be enhanced to teach "soft skills" and interdepartmental communication skills in healthcare.

Reviewed by Lindsey Henry, Practical Nursing Instructor, Fletcher on 5/1/19

I really appreciated how in the introduction, five learning objectives were identified for students. These objectives are paramount in nursing care and they are each spelled out for the learner. Each Case study also has its own learning... read more

I really appreciated how in the introduction, five learning objectives were identified for students. These objectives are paramount in nursing care and they are each spelled out for the learner. Each Case study also has its own learning objectives, which were effectively met in the readings.

As a seasoned nurse, I believe that the content regarding pathophysiology and treatments used in the case studies were accurate. I really appreciated how many of the treatments were also explained and rationales were given, which can be very helpful to facilitate effective learning for a nursing student or novice nurse.

The case studies are up to date and correlate with the current time period. They are easily understood.

I really loved how several important medical terms, including specific treatments were highlighted to alert the reader. Many interventions performed were also explained further, which is great to enhance learning for the nursing student or novice nurse. Also, with each scenario, a background and history of the patient is depicted, as well as the perspectives of the patient, patients family member, and the primary nurse. This really helps to give the reader a full picture of the day in the life of a nurse or a patient, and also better facilitates the learning process of the reader.

These case studies are consistent. They begin with report, the patient background or updates on subsequent days, and follow the patients all the way through discharge. Once again, I really appreciate how this book describes most if not all aspects of patient care on a day to day basis.

Each case study is separated into days. While they can be divided to be assigned at different points within the course, they also build on each other. They show trends in vital signs, what happens when a patient deteriorates, what happens when they get better and go home. Showing the entire process from ER admit to discharge is really helpful to enhance the students learning experience.

The topics are all presented very similarly and very clearly. The way that the scenarios are explained could even be understood by a non-nursing student as well. The case studies are very clear and very thorough.

The book is very easy to navigate, prints well on paper, and is not distorted or confusing.

I did not see any grammatical errors.

Each case study involves a different type of patient. These differences include race, gender, sexual orientation and medical backgrounds. I do not feel the text was offensive to the reader.

I teach practical nursing students and after reading this book, I am looking forward to implementing it in my classroom. Great read for nursing students!

Reviewed by Leah Jolly, Instructor, Clinical Coordinator, Oregon Institute of Technology on 4/10/19

Good variety of cases and pathologies covered. read more

Good variety of cases and pathologies covered.

Content Accuracy rating: 2

Some examples and scenarios are not completely accurate. For example in the DVT case, the sonographer found thrombus in the "popliteal artery", which according to the book indicated presence of DVT. However in DVT, thrombus is located in the vein, not the artery. The patient would also have much different symptoms if located in the artery. Perhaps some of these inaccuracies are just typos, but in real-life situations this simple mistake can make a world of difference in the patient's course of treatment and outcomes.

Good examples of interprofessional collaboration. If only it worked this way on an every day basis!

Clear and easy to read for those with knowledge of medical terminology.

Good consistency overall.

Broken up well.

Topics are clear and logical.

Would be nice to simply click through to the next page, rather than going through the table of contents each time.

Minor typos/grammatical errors.

No offensive or insensitive materials observed.

Reviewed by Alex Sargsyan, Doctor of Nursing Practice/Assistant Professor , East Tennessee State University on 10/8/18

Because of the case study character of the book it does not have index or glossary. However it has summary for each health case study outlining key elements discussed in each case study. read more

Because of the case study character of the book it does not have index or glossary. However it has summary for each health case study outlining key elements discussed in each case study.

Overall the book is accurately depicting the clinical environment. There are numerous references to external sites. While most of them are correct, some of them are not working. For example Homan’s test link is not working "404 error"

Book is relevant in its current version and can be used in undergraduate and graduate classes. That said, the longevity of the book may be limited because of the character of the clinical education. Clinical guidelines change constantly and it may require a major update of the content.

Cases are written very clearly and have realistic description of an inpatient setting.

The book is easy to read and consistent in the language in all eight cases.

The cases are very well written. Each case is subdivided into logical segments. The segments reflect different setting where the patient is being seen. There is a flow and transition between the settings.

Book has eight distinct cases. This is a great format for a book that presents distinct clinical issues. This will allow the students to have immersive experiences and gain better understanding of the healthcare environment.

Book is offered in many different formats. Besides the issues with the links mentioned above, overall navigation of the book content is very smooth.

Book is very well written and has no grammatical errors.

Book is culturally relevant. Patients in the case studies come different cultures and represent diverse ethnicities.

Reviewed by Justin Berry, Physical Therapist Assistant Program Director, Northland Community and Technical College, East Grand Forks, MN on 8/2/18

This text provides eight patient case studies from a variety of diagnoses, which can be utilized by healthcare students from multiple disciplines. The cases are comprehensive and can be helpful for students to determine professional roles,... read more

This text provides eight patient case studies from a variety of diagnoses, which can be utilized by healthcare students from multiple disciplines. The cases are comprehensive and can be helpful for students to determine professional roles, interprofessional roles, when to initiate communication with other healthcare practitioners due to a change in patient status, and treatment ideas. Some additional patient information, such as lab values, would have been beneficial to include.

Case study information is accurate and unbiased.

Content is up to date. The case studies are written in a way so that they will not be obsolete soon, even with changes in healthcare.

The case studies are well written, and can be utilized for a variety of classroom assignments, discussions, and projects. Some additional lab value information for each patient would have been a nice addition.

The case studies are consistently organized to make it easy for the reader to determine the framework.

The text is broken up into eight different case studies for various patient diagnoses. This design makes it highly modular, and would be easy to assign at different points of a course.

The flow of the topics are presented consistently in a logical manner. Each case study follows a patient chronologically, making it easy to determine changes in patient status and treatment options.

The text is free of interface issues, with no distortion of images or charts.

The text is not culturally insensitive or offensive in any way. Patients are represented from a variety of races, ethnicities, and backgrounds

This book would be a good addition for many different health programs.

Reviewed by Ann Bell-Pfeifer, Instructor/Program Director, Minnesota State Community and Technical College on 5/21/18

The book gives a comprehensive overview of many types of cases for patient conditions. Emergency Room patients may arrive with COPD, heart failure, sepsis, pneumonia, or as motor vehicle accident victims. It is directed towards nurses, medical... read more

The book gives a comprehensive overview of many types of cases for patient conditions. Emergency Room patients may arrive with COPD, heart failure, sepsis, pneumonia, or as motor vehicle accident victims. It is directed towards nurses, medical laboratory technologists, medical radiology technologists, and respiratory therapists and their roles in caring for patients. Most of the overview is accurate. One suggestion is to provide an embedded radiologist interpretation of the exams which are performed which lead to the patients diagnosis.

Overall the book is accurate. Would like to see updates related to the addition of direct radiography technology which is commonly used in the hospital setting.

Many aspects of medicine will remain constant. The case studies seem fairly accurate and may be relevant for up to 3 years. Since technology changes so quickly in medicine, the CT and x-ray components may need minor updates within a few years.

The book clarity is excellent.

The case stories are consistent with each scenario. It is easy to follow the structure and learn from the content.

The book is quite modular. It is easy to break it up into cases and utilize them individually and sequentially.

The cases are listed by disease process and follow a logical flow through each condition. They are easy to follow as they have the same format from the beginning to the end of each case.

The interface seems seamless. Hyperlinks are inserted which provide descriptions and references to medical procedures and in depth definitions.

The book is free of most grammatical errors. There is a place where a few words do not fit the sentence structure and could be a typo.

The book included all types of relationships and ethnic backgrounds. One type which could be added is a transgender patient.

I think the book was quite useful for a variety of health care professionals. The authors did an excellent job of integrating patient cases which could be applied to the health care setting. The stories seemed real and relevant. This book could be used to teach health care professionals about integrated care within the emergency department.

Reviewed by Shelley Wolfe, Assistant Professor, Winona State University on 5/21/18

This text is comprised of comprehensive, detailed case studies that provide the reader with multiple character views throughout a patient’s encounter with the health care system. The Table of Contents accurately reflected the content. It should... read more

This text is comprised of comprehensive, detailed case studies that provide the reader with multiple character views throughout a patient’s encounter with the health care system. The Table of Contents accurately reflected the content. It should be noted that the authors include a statement that conveys that this text is not like traditional textbooks and is not meant to be read in a linear fashion. This allows the educator more flexibility to use the text as a supplement to enhance learning opportunities.

The content of the text appears accurate and unbiased. The “five overarching learning objectives” provide a clear aim of the text and the educator is able to glean how these objectives are captured into each of the case studies. While written for the Canadian healthcare system, this text is easily adaptable to the American healthcare system.

Overall, the content is up-to-date and the case studies provide a variety of uses that promote longevity of the text. However, not all of the blue font links (if using the digital PDF version) were still in working order. I encountered links that led to error pages or outdated “page not found” websites. While the links can be helpful, continued maintenance of these links could prove time-consuming.

I found the text easy to read and understand. I enjoyed that the viewpoints of all the different roles (patient, nurse, lab personnel, etc.) were articulated well and allowed the reader to connect and gain appreciation of the entire healthcare team. Medical jargon was noted to be appropriate for the intended audience of this text.

The terminology and organization of this text is consistent.

The text is divided into 8 case studies that follow a similar organizational structure. The case studies can further be divided to focus on individual learning objectives. For example, the case studies could be looked at as a whole for discussing communication or could be broken down into segments to focus on disease risk factors.

The case studies in this text follow a similar organizational structure and are consistent in their presentation. The flow of individual case studies is excellent and sets the reader on a clear path. As noted previously, this text is not meant to be read in a linear fashion.

This text is available in many different forms. I chose to review the text in the digital PDF version in order to use the embedded links. I did not encounter significant interface issues and did not find any images or features that would distract or confuse a reader.

No significant grammatical errors were noted.

The case studies in this text included patients and healthcare workers from a variety of backgrounds. Educators and students will benefit from expanding the case studies to include discussions and other learning opportunities to help develop culturally-sensitive healthcare providers.

I found the case studies to be very detailed, yet written in a way in which they could be used in various manners. The authors note a variety of ways in which the case studies could be employed with students; however, I feel the authors could also include that the case studies could be used as a basis for simulated clinical experiences. The case studies in this text would be an excellent tool for developing interprofessional communication and collaboration skills in a variety healthcare students.

Reviewed by Darline Foltz, Assistant Professor, University of Cincinnati - Clermont College on 3/27/18

This book covers all areas listed in the Table of Contents. In addition to the detailed patient case studies, there is a helpful section of "How to Use this Resource". I would like to note that this resource "aligns with the open textbooks... read more

This book covers all areas listed in the Table of Contents. In addition to the detailed patient case studies, there is a helpful section of "How to Use this Resource". I would like to note that this resource "aligns with the open textbooks Clinical Procedures for Safer Patient Care and Anatomy and Physiology: OpenStax" as noted by the authors.

The book appears to be accurate. Although one of the learning outcomes is as follows: "Demonstrate an understanding of the Canadian healthcare delivery system.", I did not find anything that is ONLY specific to the Canadian healthcare delivery system other than some of the terminology, i.e. "porter" instead of "transporter" and a few french words. I found this to make the book more interesting for students rather than deter from it. These are patient case studies that are relevant in any country.

The content is up-to-date. Changes in medical science may occur, i.e. a different test, to treat a diagnosis that is included in one or more of the case studies, however, it would be easy and straightforward to implement these changes.

This book is written in lucid, accessible prose. The technical/medical terminology that is used is appropriate for medical and allied health professionals. Something that would improve this text would to provide a glossary of terms for the terms in blue font.

This book is consistent with current medical terminology

This text is easily divided into each of the 6 case studies. The case studies can be used singly according to the body system being addressed or studied.

Because this text is a collection of case studies, flow doesn't pertain, however the organization and structure of the case studies are excellent as they are clear and easy to read.

There are no distractions in this text that would distract or confuse the reader.

I did not identify any grammatical errors.

This text is not culturally insensitive or offensive in any way and uses patients and healthcare workers that are of a variety of races, ethnicities and backgrounds.

I believe that this text would not only be useful to students enrolled in healthcare professions involved in direct patient care but would also be useful to students in supporting healthcare disciplines such as health information technology and management, medical billing and coding, etc.

Table of Contents

• Introduction

Case Study #1: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

• Learning Objectives
• Patient: Erin Johns
• Emergency Room

Case Study #2: Pneumonia

• Day 0: Emergency Room
• Day 1: Emergency Room
• Day 1: Medical Ward
• Day 2: Medical Ward
• Day 3: Medical Ward
• Day 4: Medical Ward

Case Study #3: Unstable Angina (UA)

• Patient: Harj Singh

Case Study #4: Heart Failure (HF)

• Patient: Meryl Smith
• In the Supermarket
• Day 0: Medical Ward

Case Study #5: Motor Vehicle Collision (MVC)

• Patient: Aaron Knoll
• Crash Scene
• Operating Room
• Post Anaesthesia Care Unit (PACU)
• Surgical Ward

Case Study #6: Sepsis

• Patient: George Thomas
• Sleepy Hollow Care Facility

Case Study #7: Colon Cancer

• Patient: Fred Johnson
• Two Months Ago
• Pre-Surgery Admission

Case Study #8: Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)

• Patient: Jamie Douglas

Appendix: Overview About the Authors

Ancillary Material

About the book.

Health Case Studies is composed of eight separate health case studies. Each case study includes the patient narrative or story that models the best practice (at the time of publishing) in healthcare settings. Associated with each case is a set of specific learning objectives to support learning and facilitate educational strategies and evaluation.

The case studies can be used online in a learning management system, in a classroom discussion, in a printed course pack or as part of a textbook created by the instructor. This flexibility is intentional and allows the educator to choose how best to convey the concepts presented in each case to the learner.

Because these case studies were primarily developed for an electronic healthcare system, they are based predominantly in an acute healthcare setting. Educators can augment each case study to include primary healthcare settings, outpatient clinics, assisted living environments, and other contexts as relevant.

About the Contributors

Glynda Rees teaches at the British Columbia Institute of Technology (BCIT) in Vancouver, British Columbia. She completed her MSN at the University of British Columbia with a focus on education and health informatics, and her BSN at the University of Cape Town in South Africa. Glynda has many years of national and international clinical experience in critical care units in South Africa, the UK, and the USA. Her teaching background has focused on clinical education, problem-based learning, clinical techniques, and pharmacology.

Glynda‘s interests include the integration of health informatics in undergraduate education, open accessible education, and the impact of educational technologies on nursing students’ clinical judgment and decision making at the point of care to improve patient safety and quality of care.

Faculty member in the critical care nursing program at the British Columbia Institute of Technology (BCIT) since 2003, Rob has been a critical care nurse for over 25 years with 17 years practicing in a quaternary care intensive care unit. Rob is an experienced educator and supports student learning in the classroom, online, and in clinical areas. Rob’s Master of Education from Simon Fraser University is in educational technology and learning design. He is passionate about using technology to support learning for both faculty and students.

Part of Rob’s faculty position is dedicated to providing high fidelity simulation support for BCIT’s nursing specialties program along with championing innovative teaching and best practices for educational technology. He has championed the use of digital publishing and was the tech lead for Critical Care Nursing’s iPad Project which resulted in over 40 multi-touch interactive textbooks being created using Apple and other technologies.

Rob has successfully completed a number of specialist certifications in computer and network technologies. In 2015, he was awarded Apple Distinguished Educator for his innovation and passionate use of technology to support learning. In the past five years, he has presented and published abstracts on virtual simulation, high fidelity simulation, creating engaging classroom environments, and what the future holds for healthcare and education.

Janet Morrison is the Program Head of Occupational Health Nursing at the British Columbia Institute of Technology (BCIT) in Burnaby, British Columbia. She completed a PhD at Simon Fraser University, Faculty of Communication, Art and Technology, with a focus on health information technology. Her dissertation examined the effects of telehealth implementation in an occupational health nursing service. She has an MA in Adult Education from St. Francis Xavier University and an MA in Library and Information Studies from the University of British Columbia.

Janet’s research interests concern the intended and unintended impacts of health information technologies on healthcare students, faculty, and the healthcare workforce.

She is currently working with BCIT colleagues to study how an educational clinical information system can foster healthcare students’ perceptions of interprofessional roles.

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Next Generation NCLEX Case Study Sample Questions

One of the big changes on the Next Generation NCLEX exam is a shift toward case studies. Case studies often require a deeper level of critical thinking, and understanding diseases on a more in-depth level (especially the pathophysiology) will make these types of questions easier to answer.

In this article, you’ll be able to watch a free video to help you prepare for the new Next Generation NCLEX case study format. Nurse Sarah will walk you step-by-step through each scenario and help you understand how to use critical thinking and nursing knowledge to answer these types of questions.

Next Generation NCLEX Case Study Review Questions Video

NGN Case Study Sample Questions and Answers

First, let’s take a look at our case study summary below:

Case Study Summary:

A 68-year-old male is admitted with shortness of breath. He reports difficulty breathing with activity, lying down, or while sleeping. He states that in order to “breathe easier,” he has had to sleep in a recliner for the past week. The patient has a history of hypertension, myocardial infarction (2 years ago), and cholecystectomy (10 years ago). The patient is being transferred to a cardiac progressive care unit for further evaluation and treatment.

Question 1 of 6: The nurse receives the patient admitted with shortness of breath. What findings are significant and require follow-up? The options are listed below. Select all that apply.

To answer this first question in the NGN case study, let’s look at the information provided in the nursing notes and vital signs tabs provided:

This question is asking us to identify findings that are significant and require the nurse to follow-up. In other words, what is presenting that we can’t ignore but need to investigate further.

Therefore, let’s comb through the nursing notes and vital signs to see what is abnormal and requires follow-up.

First, the patient arrived to the room via stretcher. That’s fine and doesn’t necessarily require follow-up.

Next, the patient is alert and oriented x 4 (person, place, time, event). This tells us that the patient’s neuro status is intact so far. Therefore, the shortness of breath isn’t affecting the patient’s mental function yet (we have enough oxygen on board right now for brain activity).

However, the nurse has noticed the shortness of breath with activity and talking, which should not normally happen. This tells us something is wrong and is significant enough to require follow-up. We want to know why is this happening, is it going to get worse, etc.

The patient’s weight and vital signs were collected (this is good). Weight is 155 lbs. and BMI is within a healthy range (doesn’t tell us too much but may be useful later). The patient is also connected to a bedside monitor, so they need to be monitored constantly like on a progressive care unit.

The monitor shows sinus tachycardia . This is significant because it seems the patient’s shortness of breath is causing the heart to compensate by increasing the heart rate to provide more oxygen (hence the lungs may be compromised).

Then we find out that the lungs are indeed compromised because crackles are heard in both lungs , and this may be why our patient is short of breath. This is significant (could the patient have pulmonary edema?)

Then we find out the nurse has noted an S3. This is an extra heart sound noted after S2. And what jumps out to me about this is that it is usually associated with volume overload in the heart like in cases of heart failure . However, S3 may be normal in some people under 40 or during pregnancy, but that’s not the case with our patient based on what we read in the case summary.

Therefore, based on everything I’m reading in this case study, I’m thinking this patient may have heart failure, but we need those test results back (especially the echo and chest x-ray, and hopefully a BNP will be in there too).

We are also told that the patient has an 18 gauge IV inserted (which is good thing to have so we can give medications if required), orders have been received, labs drawn, and testing results are pending.

Now let’s look at the “Vital Signs” tab above, and ask yourself what is normal vs. abnormal for this patient (adult male).

• The heart rate is high at 112 (tachycardia), and should normally be 60-100 bpm (see heart rhythms ).
• Blood pressure is higher than normal (normal is 120/80), which indicates hypertension.
• Oxygen saturation is 94% (this is on the low side as we’d normally want around 95% or higher, and the patient is on 4 L nasal cannula, which tells us the lungs are not okay).
• Respiratory rate is increased (26 breaths per minute)…normal is 12-20 breaths per minute.

Based on the information we were provided, I’ve selected the answers below. These findings are significant and definitely require follow-up by the nurse.

When answering these NGN case study questions, it’s helpful to think of the ABCDE (airway, breathing, circulation, etc.) as all of these fall into that category. If we don’t follow-up on the shortness of breath, crackles, respiratory rate, o2 saturation (94% on 4 L nasal cannula), the respiratory system can further decline.

In addition, the sinus tachycardia, S3 gallop, and hypertension could indicate fluid overload in the heart. This may cause the heart to tire out and lead the lethal rhythm. On the other hand, temperature, pain, weight, and BMI are not abnormal and do not require follow-up.

See the Complete Next Generation NCLEX Case Study Review

Each question in the case study builds on the previous question. To see how these questions evolve based on the patient’s condition and labs, watch the entire Next Generation NCLEX Case Study Review video on our YouTube Channel (RegisteredNurseRN).

NCLEX Practice Quizzes

We’ve developed many free NCLEX review quizzes to test your knowledge on nursing topics and to help you prepare for the Next Generation NCLEX exam.

Nurse Sarah’s Notes and Merch

Just released is “ Fluid and Electrolytes Notes, Mnemonics, and Quizzes by Nurse Sarah “. These notes contain 84 pages of Nurse Sarah’s illustrated, fun notes with mnemonics, worksheets, and 130 test questions with rationales.

You can get an eBook version here or a physical copy of the book here.

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Writing A Case Study

Case Study Examples

Brilliant Case Study Examples and Templates For Your Help

15 min read

People also read

A Complete Case Study Writing Guide With Examples

Simple Case Study Format for Students to Follow

Understand the Types of Case Study Here

It’s no surprise that writing a case study is one of the most challenging academic tasks for students. You’re definitely not alone here!

Most people don't realize that there are specific guidelines to follow when writing a case study. If you don't know where to start, it's easy to get overwhelmed and give up before you even begin.

Don't worry! Let us help you out!

We've collected over 25 free case study examples with solutions just for you. These samples with solutions will help you win over your panel and score high marks on your case studies.

So, what are you waiting for? Let's dive in and learn the secrets to writing a successful case study.

• 1. An Overview of Case Studies
• 2. Case Study Examples for Students
• 3. Business Case Study Examples
• 4. Medical Case Study Examples
• 5. Psychology Case Study Examples 
• 6. Sales Case Study Examples
• 7. Interview Case Study Examples
• 8. Marketing Case Study Examples
• 9. Tips to Write a Good Case Study

An Overview of Case Studies

A case study is a research method used to study a particular individual, group, or situation in depth. It involves analyzing and interpreting data from a variety of sources to gain insight into the subject being studied. 

Case studies are often used in psychology, business, and education to explore complicated problems and find solutions. They usually have detailed descriptions of the subject, background info, and an analysis of the main issues.

The goal of a case study is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the subject. Typically, case studies can be divided into three parts, challenges, solutions, and results. 

Here is a case study sample PDF so you can have a clearer understanding of what a case study actually is:

Case Study Sample PDF

How to Write a Case Study Examples

Learn how to write a case study with the help of our comprehensive case study guide.

Case Study Examples for Students

Quite often, students are asked to present case studies in their academic journeys. The reason instructors assign case studies is for students to sharpen their critical analysis skills, understand how companies make profits, etc.

Below are some case study examples in research, suitable for students:

Case Study Example in Software Engineering

Qualitative Research Case Study Sample

Software Quality Assurance Case Study

Social Work Case Study Example

Ethical Case Study

Case Study Example PDF

These examples can guide you on how to structure and format your own case studies.

Struggling with formatting your case study? Check this case study format guide and perfect your document’s structure today.

Business Case Study Examples

A business case study examines a business’s specific challenge or goal and how it should be solved. Business case studies usually focus on several details related to the initial challenge and proposed solution. 

To help you out, here are some samples so you can create case studies that are related to businesses: 

Here are some more business case study examples:

Business Case Studies PDF

Business Case Studies Example

Typically, a business case study discovers one of your customer's stories and how you solved a problem for them. It allows your prospects to see how your solutions address their needs. 

Medical Case Study Examples

Medical case studies are an essential part of medical education. They help students to understand how to diagnose and treat patients. 

Here are some medical case study examples to help you.

Medical Case Study Example

Nursing Case Study Example

Want to understand the various types of case studies? Check out our types of case study blog to select the perfect type.

Psychology Case Study Examples 

Case studies are a great way of investigating individuals with psychological abnormalities. This is why it is a very common assignment in psychology courses. 

By examining all the aspects of your subject’s life, you discover the possible causes of exhibiting such behavior. 

For your help, here are some interesting psychology case study examples:

Psychology Case Study Example

Mental Health Case Study Example

Sales Case Study Examples

Case studies are important tools for sales teams’ performance improvement. By examining sales successes, teams can gain insights into effective strategies and create action plans to employ similar tactics.

By researching case studies of successful sales campaigns, sales teams can more accurately identify challenges and develop solutions.

Sales Case Study Example

Interview Case Study Examples

Interview case studies provide businesses with invaluable information. This data allows them to make informed decisions related to certain markets or subjects.

Interview Case Study Example

Marketing Case Study Examples

Marketing case studies are real-life stories that showcase how a business solves a problem. They typically discuss how a business achieves a goal using a specific marketing strategy or tactic.

They typically describe a challenge faced by a business, the solution implemented, and the results achieved.

This is a short sample marketing case study for you to get an idea of what an actual marketing case study looks like.

 Here are some more popular marketing studies that show how companies use case studies as a means of marketing and promotion:

“Chevrolet Discover the Unexpected” by Carol H. Williams

This case study explores Chevrolet's “ DTU Journalism Fellows ” program. The case study uses the initials “DTU” to generate interest and encourage readers to learn more. 

Multiple types of media, such as images and videos, are used to explain the challenges faced. The case study concludes with an overview of the achievements that were met.

Key points from the case study include:

• Using a well-known brand name in the title can create interest.
• Combining different media types, such as headings, images, and videos, can help engage readers and make the content more memorable.
• Providing a summary of the key achievements at the end of the case study can help readers better understand the project's impact.

“The Met” by Fantasy

“ The Met ” by Fantasy is a fictional redesign of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City, created by the design studio Fantasy. The case study clearly and simply showcases the museum's website redesign.

The Met emphasizes the website’s features and interface by showcasing each section of the interface individually, allowing the readers to concentrate on the significant elements.

For those who prefer text, each feature includes an objective description. The case study also includes a “Contact Us” call-to-action at the bottom of the page, inviting visitors to contact the company.

Key points from this “The Met” include:

• Keeping the case study simple and clean can help readers focus on the most important aspects.
• Presenting the features and solutions with a visual showcase can be more effective than writing a lot of text.
• Including a clear call-to-action at the end of the case study can encourage visitors to contact the company for more information.

“Better Experiences for All” by Herman Miller

Herman Miller's minimalist approach to furniture design translates to their case study, “ Better Experiences for All ”, for a Dubai hospital. The page features a captivating video with closed-captioning and expandable text for accessibility.

The case study presents a wealth of information in a concise format, enabling users to grasp the complexities of the strategy with ease. It concludes with a client testimonial and a list of furniture items purchased from the brand.

Key points from the “Better Experiences” include:

• Make sure your case study is user-friendly by including accessibility features like closed captioning and expandable text.
• Include a list of products that were used in the project to guide potential customers.

“NetApp” by Evisort 

Evisort's case study on “ NetApp ” stands out for its informative and compelling approach. The study begins with a client-centric overview of NetApp, strategically directing attention to the client rather than the company or team involved.

The case study incorporates client quotes and explores NetApp’s challenges during COVID-19. Evisort showcases its value as a client partner by showing how its services supported NetApp through difficult times. 

• Provide an overview of the company in the client’s words, and put focus on the customer. 
• Highlight how your services can help clients during challenging times.
• Make your case study accessible by providing it in various formats.

“Red Sox Season Campaign,” by CTP Boston

The “ Red Sox Season Campaign ” showcases a perfect blend of different media, such as video, text, and images. Upon visiting the page, the video plays automatically, there are videos of Red Sox players, their images, and print ads that can be enlarged with a click.

The page features an intuitive design and invites viewers to appreciate CTP's well-rounded campaign for Boston's beloved baseball team. There’s also a CTA that prompts viewers to learn how CTP can create a similar campaign for their brand.

Some key points to take away from the “Red Sox Season Campaign”: 

• Including a variety of media such as video, images, and text can make your case study more engaging and compelling.
• Include a call-to-action at the end of your study that encourages viewers to take the next step towards becoming a customer or prospect.

“Airbnb + Zendesk” by Zendesk

The case study by Zendesk, titled “ Airbnb + Zendesk : Building a powerful solution together,” showcases a true partnership between Airbnb and Zendesk. 

The article begins with an intriguing opening statement, “Halfway around the globe is a place to stay with your name on it. At least for a weekend,” and uses stunning images of beautiful Airbnb locations to captivate readers.

Instead of solely highlighting Zendesk's product, the case study is crafted to tell a good story and highlight Airbnb's service in detail. This strategy makes the case study more authentic and relatable.

Some key points to take away from this case study are:

• Use client's offerings' images rather than just screenshots of your own product or service.
• To begin the case study, it is recommended to include a distinct CTA. For instance, Zendesk presents two alternatives, namely to initiate a trial or seek a solution.

“Influencer Marketing” by Trend and WarbyParker

The case study "Influencer Marketing" by Trend and Warby Parker highlights the potential of influencer content marketing, even when working with a limited budget. 

The “Wearing Warby” campaign involved influencers wearing Warby Parker glasses during their daily activities, providing a glimpse of the brand's products in use. 

This strategy enhanced the brand's relatability with influencers' followers. While not detailing specific tactics, the case study effectively illustrates the impact of third-person case studies in showcasing campaign results.

Key points to take away from this case study are:

• Influencer marketing can be effective even with a limited budget.
• Showcasing products being used in everyday life can make a brand more approachable and relatable.
• Third-person case studies can be useful in highlighting the success of a campaign.

Marketing Case Study Template

Marketing Case Study Example

Now that you have read multiple case study examples, hop on to our tips.

Tips to Write a Good Case Study

Here are some note-worthy tips to craft a winning case study 

• Define the purpose of the case study This will help you to focus on the most important aspects of the case. The case study objective helps to ensure that your finished product is concise and to the point.
• Choose a real-life example. One of the best ways to write a successful case study is to choose a real-life example. This will give your readers a chance to see how the concepts apply in a real-world setting.
• Keep it brief. This means that you should only include information that is directly relevant to your topic and avoid adding unnecessary details.
• Use strong evidence. To make your case study convincing, you will need to use strong evidence. This can include statistics, data from research studies, or quotes from experts in the field.
• Edit and proofread your work. Before you submit your case study, be sure to edit and proofread your work carefully. This will help to ensure that there are no errors and that your paper is clear and concise.

There you go!

We’re sure that now you have secrets to writing a great case study at your fingertips! This blog teaches the key guidelines of various case studies with samples. So grab your pen and start crafting a winning case study right away!

Having said that, we do understand that some of you might be having a hard time writing compelling case studies.

But worry not! Our expert case study writing service is here to take all your case-writing blues away! 

With 100% thorough research guaranteed, our online essay service can craft an amazing case study within 24 hours! 

So why delay? Let us help you shine in the eyes of your instructor!

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Dr. Barbara is a highly experienced writer and author who holds a Ph.D. degree in public health from an Ivy League school. She has worked in the medical field for many years, conducting extensive research on various health topics. Her writing has been featured in several top-tier publications.

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Diabetes Case Studies : Real Problems, Practical Solutions

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Diabetes Case Studies : Real Problems, Practical Solutions Edited by: Boris Draznin, MD, PhD, Cecilia C. Low Wang, MD, FACP, Daniel J. Rubin, MD, MSc, FACE https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713 ISBN (print): 978-1-58040-571-3 Publisher: American Diabetes Association

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Table of Contents

• Notes Open the PDF Link PDF for Notes in another window
• Preface Open the PDF Link PDF for Preface in another window
• Introduction Open the PDF Link PDF for Introduction in another window
• Case 1: Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) as a Diagnostic Possibility By Suzi Kochar, MD ; Suzi Kochar, MD 1 Endocrinology Division, Department of Medicine, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science/Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, IL. 2 Endocrinology Section, Department of Medicine, Captain James A. Lovell Health Care Center, North Chicago, IL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Janice L. Gilden, MS, MD, FCP, FACE Janice L. Gilden, MS, MD, FCP, FACE 1 Endocrinology Division, Department of Medicine, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science/Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, IL. 2 Endocrinology Section, Department of Medicine, Captain James A. Lovell Health Care Center, North Chicago, IL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.01 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 1: Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) as a Diagnostic Possibility in another window
• Case 2: Diagnosis of Coexistent Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young in a Patient with Type 1 Diabetes By Shazli Azmi, MBChB ; Shazli Azmi, MBChB 1 Institute of Human Development, Center for Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Manchester. 2 Department of Medicine and Manchester Diabetes Center, University of Manchester and Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Rayaz A. Malik, MBChB, PhD Rayaz A. Malik, MBChB, PhD 1 Institute of Human Development, Center for Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Manchester. 2 Department of Medicine and Manchester Diabetes Center, University of Manchester and Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.02 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 2: Diagnosis of Coexistent Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young in a Patient with Type 1 Diabetes in another window
• Case 3: An Unusual Clinical Presentation of Diabetes Eventually Diagnosed as a Monogenic Form By Vince N. Montes, MD ; Vince N. Montes, MD 1 University of Washington, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Seattle, WA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Alan Chait, MD ; Alan Chait, MD 1 University of Washington, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Seattle, WA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Craig E. Taplin, MD Craig E. Taplin, MD 2 Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Seattle, WA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.03 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 3: An Unusual Clinical Presentation of Diabetes Eventually Diagnosed as a Monogenic Form in another window
• Case 4: A Case of Monogenic Diabetes By Robert H. Slover, MD Robert H. Slover, MD 1 Professor of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO; Director of Pediatrics, Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes; Wagner Family Chair in Childhood Diabetes. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.04 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 4: A Case of Monogenic Diabetes in another window
• Case 5: Recurrent Ketoacidosis: Lessons from Multiple Clinical Presentations By Eli Ipp, MD ; Eli Ipp, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor–UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Kristina Djekic, MS Kristina Djekic, MS 1 Division of Endocrinology, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor–UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.05 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 5: Recurrent Ketoacidosis: Lessons from Multiple Clinical Presentations in another window
• Case 6: Ketoacidosis in a Patient with Type 1 Diabetes on a Low-Calorie Meal Replacement Diet By Katy Brown, DO ; Katy Brown, DO 1 Fellow in Endocrinology, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Denver, CO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Daniel Bessesen, MD Daniel Bessesen, MD 2 University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Chief of Endocrinology, Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, CO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.06 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 6: Ketoacidosis in a Patient with Type 1 Diabetes on a Low-Calorie Meal Replacement Diet in another window
• Case 7: Reevaluation after Ketoacidosis Presentation By Paulina Cruz-Bravo, MD ; Paulina Cruz-Bravo, MD 1 Fellowship in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Janet B. McGill, MD Janet B. McGill, MD 1 Fellowship in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.07 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 7: Reevaluation after Ketoacidosis Presentation in another window
• Case 8: Metabolic Syndrome-Related Comorbidities Typical of Older Adulthood Complicate Diabetic Ketoacidosis in a Youth with Type 2 Diabetes By Kristen Nadeau, MD, MS Kristen Nadeau, MD, MS 1 University of Colorado Denver/Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.08 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 8: Metabolic Syndrome-Related Comorbidities Typical of Older Adulthood Complicate Diabetic Ketoacidosis in a Youth with Type 2 Diabetes in another window
• Case 9: Not Your Usual Diabetic Ketoacidosis By Ruchi Gaba, MD ; Ruchi Gaba, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Susan L. Samson, MD, PhD ; Susan L. Samson, MD, PhD 2 Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Alan J. Garber, MD, PhD, FACE Alan J. Garber, MD, PhD, FACE 3 Departments of Medicine, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.09 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 9: Not Your Usual Diabetic Ketoacidosis in another window
• Case 10: Ketosis-Prone Diabetes By David Saxon, MD ; David Saxon, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora CO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Neda Rasouli, MD Neda Rasouli, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora CO. 2 Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver CO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.10 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 10: Ketosis-Prone Diabetes in another window
• Case 11: From a Total Daily Dose of Insulin of 415 Units to No Insulin: A Case of Ketosis-Prone Diabetes By Caroline T. Nguyen, MD ; Caroline T. Nguyen, MD 1 Keck School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Jorge H. Mestman, MD Jorge H. Mestman, MD 1 Keck School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.11 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 11: From a Total Daily Dose of Insulin of 415 Units to No Insulin: A Case of Ketosis-Prone Diabetes in another window
• Case 12: The Worst Case Scenario: Severe HHS in a Relatively Young Man By Elizabeth Herman, MD ; Elizabeth Herman, MD 1 Boston University School of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Weight Management, Boston MA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Marie E. McDonnell, MD Marie E. McDonnell, MD 1 Boston University School of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Weight Management, Boston MA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.12 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 12: The Worst Case Scenario: Severe HHS in a Relatively Young Man in another window
• Case 13: Unusual Cause of New-Onset Diabetes By Kelsey M. Shikuma, MD ; Kelsey M. Shikuma, MD 1 Keck School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Jorge H. Mestman, MD Jorge H. Mestman, MD 1 Keck School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.13 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 13: Unusual Cause of New-Onset Diabetes in another window
• Case 14: What Type of Diabetes? By Anthony L. McCall, PhD, FACP Anthony L. McCall, PhD, FACP 1 University of Virginia School of Medicine and Health System, Charlottesville, VA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.14 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 14: What Type of Diabetes? in another window
• Case 15: Type 1 Diabetes versus LADA in a Patient Misdiagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes By Cecilia C. Low Wang, MD Cecilia C. Low Wang, MD 1 Department of Medicine Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes; University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus School of Medicine, Aurora, CO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.15 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 15: Type 1 Diabetes versus LADA in a Patient Misdiagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes in another window
• Case 16: Type 1 Diabetes Can Present at Any Age By David S.H. Bell, MB David S.H. Bell, MB 1 Clinical Professor, University of Alabama. Birmingham, AL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.16 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 16: Type 1 Diabetes Can Present at Any Age in another window
• Case 17: Is This Type 2 Diabetes, Type 1 Diabetes, or Late Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults? By Devjit Tripathy, MD, PhD ; Devjit Tripathy, MD, PhD 1 Audie L. Murphy VA Hospital, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Sheila Pinkson, MPAS, PA-C ; Sheila Pinkson, MPAS, PA-C 1 Audie L. Murphy VA Hospital, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Maureen Koops, MD ; Maureen Koops, MD 1 Audie L. Murphy VA Hospital, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Ralph A. DeFronzo, MD Ralph A. DeFronzo, MD 1 Audie L. Murphy VA Hospital, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.17 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 17: Is This Type 2 Diabetes, Type 1 Diabetes, or Late Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults? in another window
• Case 18: A Common Misdiagnosis By Irene E. Schauer, MD, PhD Irene E. Schauer, MD, PhD 1 Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus School of Medicine, Aurora, CO. 2 Research/Endocrine Sections, Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, CO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.18 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 18: A Common Misdiagnosis in another window
• Case 19: Almost All Nonobese Young People with an Acute Onset of Diabetes Have Type 1 Diabetes By David S.H. Bell, MB David S.H. Bell, MB 1 Clinical Professor, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.19 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 19: Almost All Nonobese Young People with an Acute Onset of Diabetes Have Type 1 Diabetes in another window
• Case 20: Symptomatic Postprandial Hyperglycemia By Amita Maturu, MD ; Amita Maturu, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Michael McDermott, MD Michael McDermott, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.20 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 20: Symptomatic Postprandial Hyperglycemia in another window
• Case 21: A Patient with Newly Diagnosed, Asymptomatic Hyperglycemia By Aidan McElduff, MD Aidan McElduff, MD 1 Discipline of Medicine, Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.21 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 21: A Patient with Newly Diagnosed, Asymptomatic Hyperglycemia in another window
• Case 22: Glucokinase Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young and Pregnancy By Jill Apel, MD ; Jill Apel, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Chung-Kay Koh, MD Chung-Kay Koh, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.22 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 22: Glucokinase Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young and Pregnancy in another window
• Case 23: Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of the Adult (LADA) in an Elderly Patient By Monica Shah, MD ; Monica Shah, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Rush University, Chicago, IL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Mahtab Sohrevardi, MD ; Mahtab Sohrevardi, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Rush University, Chicago, IL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar David Baldwin, MD David Baldwin, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Rush University, Chicago, IL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.23 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 23: Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of the Adult (LADA) in an Elderly Patient in another window
• Case 24: A Diagnostic Dilemma in a Patient with Elevated Glycosylated Hemoglobin By Shalini Paturi, MD ; Shalini Paturi, MD 1 Endocrinology Division, Department of Medicine, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science/Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, IL. 2 Endocrinology Section, Department of Medicine, Captain James A. Lovell Federal Health Care Center, North Chicago, IL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Janice L. Gilden, MS, MD, FCP, FACE Janice L. Gilden, MS, MD, FCP, FACE 1 Endocrinology Division, Department of Medicine, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science/Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, IL. 2 Endocrinology Section, Department of Medicine, Captain James A. Lovell Federal Health Care Center, North Chicago, IL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.24 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 24: A Diagnostic Dilemma in a Patient with Elevated Glycosylated Hemoglobin in another window
• Case 25: An Unexplained Decline in HbA1c in Spite of Persistent Hyperglycemia By David S.H. Bell, MB David S.H. Bell, MB 1 Clinical Professor, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.25 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 25: An Unexplained Decline in HbA1c in Spite of Persistent Hyperglycemia in another window
• Case 26: What to Do with Discrepant HbA1c and SMBG Results? The Utility of Fructosamine and Glycated Albumin By Tatiana Gandrabura, MD ; Tatiana Gandrabura, MD 1 Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Daniel J. Rubin, MD, MSc Daniel J. Rubin, MD, MSc 1 Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.26 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 26: What to Do with Discrepant HbA1c and SMBG Results? The Utility of Fructosamine and Glycated Albumin in another window
• Case 27: A “Tricky” Low HbA 1c By Chiara Mazzucchelli, MD ; Chiara Mazzucchelli, MD 1 Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Caterina Bordone, MD ; Caterina Bordone, MD 1 Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Davide Maggi, MD, PhD ; Davide Maggi, MD, PhD 1 Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Renzo Cordera, MD Renzo Cordera, MD 1 Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.27 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 27: A “Tricky” Low HbA_1c in another window
• Case 28: Use of Insulin U-500 in a Patient with Severe Insulin Resistance By Hussain Mahmud, MBBS ; Hussain Mahmud, MBBS 1 Clinical Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Mary T. Korytkowski, MD Mary T. Korytkowski, MD 2 Professor of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.28 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 28: Use of Insulin U-500 in a Patient with Severe Insulin Resistance in another window
• Case 29: Effective Use of U-500 Insulin via Insulin Pump in a Type 2 Diabetes Patient with Severe Insulin Resistance By Vijay babu Balakrishnan, MD ; Vijay babu Balakrishnan, MD 1 Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Elias S. Siraj, MD Elias S. Siraj, MD 1 Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.29 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 29: Effective Use of U-500 Insulin via Insulin Pump in a Type 2 Diabetes Patient with Severe Insulin Resistance in another window
• Case 30: U-500 Insulin Pump Case By Anthony L. McCall, MD, PhD, FACP Anthony L. McCall, MD, PhD, FACP 1 James M. Moss Professor of Medicine, University of Virginia, School of Medicine and Health System, Charlottesville, VA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.30 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 30: U-500 Insulin Pump Case in another window
• Case 31: Difficulties in Managing Patients with Insulin Resistance: Alternatives to U-500 Insulin By Narmada Movva, MD ; Narmada Movva, MD 1 Endocrinology Division, Department of Medicine, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science/Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, IL. 2 Endocrinology Section, Department of Medicine, Captain James A. Lovell Federal Health Care Center, North Chicago, IL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Boby G. Theckedath, MD, FACE ; Boby G. Theckedath, MD, FACE 1 Endocrinology Division, Department of Medicine, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science/Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, IL. 2 Endocrinology Section, Department of Medicine, Captain James A. Lovell Federal Health Care Center, North Chicago, IL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Janice L. Gilden, MS, MD, FCP, FACE Janice L. Gilden, MS, MD, FCP, FACE 1 Endocrinology Division, Department of Medicine, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science/Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, IL. 2 Endocrinology Section, Department of Medicine, Captain James A. Lovell Federal Health Care Center, North Chicago, IL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.31 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 31: Difficulties in Managing Patients with Insulin Resistance: Alternatives to U-500 Insulin in another window
• Case 32: Management Issues in the Syndrome of Autoantibodies to the Insulin Receptor (Type B Insulin Resistance) By Elaine Cochran, MSN, CRNP ; Elaine Cochran, MSN, CRNP 1 National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases, Diabetes, Endocrine, and Obesity Branch, Bethesda, MD. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Rebecca Brown, MD, MhSc ; Rebecca Brown, MD, MhSc 1 National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases, Diabetes, Endocrine, and Obesity Branch, Bethesda, MD. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Phillip Gorden, MD Phillip Gorden, MD 1 National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases, Diabetes, Endocrine, and Obesity Branch, Bethesda, MD. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.32 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 32: Management Issues in the Syndrome of Autoantibodies to the Insulin Receptor (Type B Insulin Resistance) in another window
• Case 33: Type B Insulin Resistance By Nisha Bincent Jacob, APN, FNP-C, CDE, MBA ; Nisha Bincent Jacob, APN, FNP-C, CDE, MBA 1 University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Dallas, TX. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Hilary Trevino, APN, FNP-C ; Hilary Trevino, APN, FNP-C 1 University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Dallas, TX. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Chanhaeng Rhee, MD, MBA Chanhaeng Rhee, MD, MBA 1 University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Dallas, TX. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.33 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 33: Type B Insulin Resistance in another window
• Case 34: Adhering or Not? That Is the Question: A Case of Glucolipotoxicity and Concentrated Insulin By Sanaa Deshmukh, MD ; Sanaa Deshmukh, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Rino Buzzola, MD ; Rino Buzzola, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Mariana Touza, MD ; Mariana Touza, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Michael Gardner, MD ; Michael Gardner, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar James R. Sowers, MD James R. Sowers, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.34 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 34: Adhering or Not? That Is the Question: A Case of Glucolipotoxicity and Concentrated Insulin in another window
• Case 35: Cosecreting Adrenal Tumor Causing Severe Insulin Resistance By Kathya Rivera, MD ; Kathya Rivera, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Kenneth Cusi, MD ; Kenneth Cusi, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL. 2 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Malcom Randall VAMC, Gainesville, FL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Catherine Edwards, MD Catherine Edwards, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.35 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 35: Cosecreting Adrenal Tumor Causing Severe Insulin Resistance in another window
• Case 36: Management of Severe Insulin Resistance in a Pregnant Patient with Type 2 Diabetes: The Use of U-500 Regular Insulin via Continuous Subcutaneous Infusion By Tiffany Hor, MD ; Tiffany Hor, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Rush University, Chicago, IL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar David Baldwin, MD David Baldwin, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Rush University, Chicago, IL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.36 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 36: Management of Severe Insulin Resistance in a Pregnant Patient with Type 2 Diabetes: The Use of U-500 Regular Insulin via Continuous Subcutaneous Infusion in another window
• Case 37: Diabetes in Hereditary Hemochromatosis By Donald A. McClain, MD, PhD Donald A. McClain, MD, PhD 1 Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.37 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 37: Diabetes in Hereditary Hemochromatosis in another window
• Case 38: Challenging Insights from Albuminuria Early in the Course of Disease By Cem Demirci, MD ; Cem Demirci, MD 1 Department of Endocrinology, Connecticut Children’s Medical Center, Hartford, CT. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Vered Lewy-Weiss, MD ; Vered Lewy-Weiss, MD 2 Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Mark A. Sperling, MBBS, FRACP Mark A. Sperling, MBBS, FRACP 2 Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.38 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 38: Challenging Insights from Albuminuria Early in the Course of Disease in another window
• Case 39: Copresentation of Addison’s Disease and Type 1 Diabetes in a 9-Year-Old Boy By Shideh Majidi, MD ; Shideh Majidi, MD 1 Pediatric Endocrinology Fellow, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Jennifer Raymond, MD, MCR Jennifer Raymond, MD, MCR 2 Assistant Professor, Pediatric Endocrinology, Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.39 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 39: Copresentation of Addison’s Disease and Type 1 Diabetes in a 9-Year-Old Boy in another window
• Case 40: Diagnosis of Addison’s Disease and Type 1 Diabetes in Twin Boys By Andrea Dann Urban, MSN, PNP-BC, CDE ; Andrea Dann Urban, MSN, PNP-BC, CDE 1 Yale Children’s Diabetes Program, Associate Clinical Faculty, Yale University School of Nursing, New Haven, CT. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar William V. Tamborlane, MD William V. Tamborlane, MD 2 Professor of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Chief, Pediatric Endocrinology, Deputy Director, Yale Center for Clinical Investigation, Director, Children’s Diabetes Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.40 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 40: Diagnosis of Addison’s Disease and Type 1 Diabetes in Twin Boys in another window
• Case 41: New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes, Addison’s Disease, and Hypothyroidism: A Case of Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome Type 2 By Lauren Golden, MD ; Lauren Golden, MD 1 Assistant Professor Clinical Medicine, Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Robin Goland, MD Robin Goland, MD 2 J. Merrill Eastman Professor of Clinical Diabetes, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.41 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 41: New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes, Addison’s Disease, and Hypothyroidism: A Case of Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome Type 2 in another window
• Case 42: The Slow Progression of Type 1 Diabetes as Part of Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome Type 2 By Natalia Pertzeva, MD ; Natalia Pertzeva, MD 1 Dnepropetrovsk Medical Academy, Dnepropetrovsk, Ukraine. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Boris Mankovsky, MD, PhD Boris Mankovsky, MD, PhD 2 National Medical Academy for Postgraduate Education, Kiev, Ukraine. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.42 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 42: The Slow Progression of Type 1 Diabetes as Part of Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome Type 2 in another window
• Case 43: Atypical Type 2 Diabetes with Profound Dyslipidemia By Jeremy H. Pettus, MD ; Jeremy H. Pettus, MD 1 Endocrinology Fellow, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, CA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Robert R. Henry, MD Robert R. Henry, MD 2 Professor of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, CA; Chief, Section of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism; Director, Center for Metabolic Research, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.43 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 43: Atypical Type 2 Diabetes with Profound Dyslipidemia in another window
• Case 44: Patient with Diabetes Who Has Hemiballismus By Miriam Padilla, MD, CDE ; Miriam Padilla, MD, CDE 1 Fellow, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes at University of Southern California. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Jorge Mestman, MD Jorge Mestman, MD 2 Professor of Clinical Medicine in the Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes at University of Southern California, Professor of Clinical Medicine in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at University of Southern California. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.44 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 44: Patient with Diabetes Who Has Hemiballismus in another window
• Case 45: A Case of Diabetic Myonecrosis By Umal Azmat, MD ; Umal Azmat, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Jason E. Payne, MD ; Jason E. Payne, MD 2 Division of Radiology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Kathleen Dungan, MD ; Kathleen Dungan, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Steven W. Ing, MD Steven W. Ing, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.45 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 45: A Case of Diabetic Myonecrosis in another window
• Case 46: A Case of Stiff Person Syndrome in a Patient with Type 1 Diabetes By Matthew P. Gilbert, DO, MPH ; Matthew P. Gilbert, DO, MPH 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Muriel H. Nathan, MD, PhD Muriel H. Nathan, MD, PhD 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.46 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 46: A Case of Stiff Person Syndrome in a Patient with Type 1 Diabetes in another window
• Case 47: Stiff Person Syndrome in a Patient with Multiple Autoimmune Diseases By Jing Hughes, MD, PhD ; Jing Hughes, MD, PhD 1 Professor of Medicine, Director, Fellowship in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Janet B. McGill, MD Janet B. McGill, MD 1 Professor of Medicine, Director, Fellowship in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.47 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 47: Stiff Person Syndrome in a Patient with Multiple Autoimmune Diseases in another window
• Case 48: Glycogenic Hepatopathy in an Adolescent with Type 1 Diabetes By Nehama Zuckerman-Levin, MD ; Nehama Zuckerman-Levin, MD 1 Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetes and Obesity Clinic, Rambam Health Care Campus, Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Oz Mordechai, MD ; Oz Mordechai, MD 1 Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetes and Obesity Clinic, Rambam Health Care Campus, Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Naim Shehadeh, MD Naim Shehadeh, MD 1 Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetes and Obesity Clinic, Rambam Health Care Campus, Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.48 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 48: Glycogenic Hepatopathy in an Adolescent with Type 1 Diabetes in another window
• Case 49: Glycemic Control in a Child with Type 1 Diabetes and Autoimmune Hepatitis By Sandro Muntoni, MD, PhD ; Sandro Muntoni, MD, PhD 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, University School of Cagliari and Centre for Metabolic Diseases and Atherosclerosis, The ME.DI.CO Association, Cagliari, Italy. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Mauro Congia, MD Mauro Congia, MD 2 Pediatric Gastroenterologic Unity, Microcitemic Hospital, ASL 8, Cagliari, Italy. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.49 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 49: Glycemic Control in a Child with Type 1 Diabetes and Autoimmune Hepatitis in another window
• Case 50: Dizziness, Lightheadedness, and Syncope in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes By Shalini Paturi, MD ; Shalini Paturi, MD 1 Endocrinology Division, Department of Medicine, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science/Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, IL. 2 Endocrinology Section, Department of Medicine, Captain James A. Lovell Federal Health Care Center, North Chicago, IL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Janice L. Gilden, MS, MD, FCP, FACE Janice L. Gilden, MS, MD, FCP, FACE 1 Endocrinology Division, Department of Medicine, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science/Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, IL. 2 Endocrinology Section, Department of Medicine, Captain James A. Lovell Federal Health Care Center, North Chicago, IL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.50 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 50: Dizziness, Lightheadedness, and Syncope in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes in another window
• Case 51: Growth Hormone Excess-Induced Diabetic Ketoacidosis By Andrew P. Demidowich, MD ; Andrew P. Demidowich, MD 1 Section on Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolism, Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Maya Lodish, MD ; Maya Lodish, MD 2 Heritable Disorders Branch, NICHD, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Kristina I. Rother, MD, MHSc Kristina I. Rother, MD, MHSc 1 Section on Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolism, Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.51 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 51: Growth Hormone Excess-Induced Diabetic Ketoacidosis in another window
• Case 52: Refractory Angina in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes By Mikhail Kosiborod, MD Mikhail Kosiborod, MD 1 Professor of Medicine, Saint Luke’s Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.52 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 52: Refractory Angina in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes in another window
• Case 53: Glycemic Control in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes Undergoing Cardiac Surgery By M. Kathleen Figaro, MD, MS M. Kathleen Figaro, MD, MS 1 Medical Director, Diabetes Care Center, Endocrinology, Genesis Health Care, Bettendorf, IA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.53 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 53: Glycemic Control in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes Undergoing Cardiac Surgery in another window
• Case 54: Inpatient Insulin Management for Complex Enteral Feedings By Anna Beth Barton, MD ; Anna Beth Barton, MD 1 Endocrinology Fellow, Department of Medicine Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Kathryn J. Evans, DNP, FNP-BC ; Kathryn J. Evans, DNP, FNP-BC 2 Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Lillian F. Lien, MD Lillian F. Lien, MD 3 Medical Director, Duke Inpatient Diabetes Management Associate Professor, Department of Medicine Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.54 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 54: Inpatient Insulin Management for Complex Enteral Feedings in another window
• Case 55: Glycemic Control in a Patient with Type 1 Diabetes and Severe Burns By R. Matthew Hawkins, PA-C ; R. Matthew Hawkins, PA-C 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora CO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Boris Draznin, MD, PhD Boris Draznin, MD, PhD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora CO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.55 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 55: Glycemic Control in a Patient with Type 1 Diabetes and Severe Burns in another window
• Case 56: Combined Effect of Intravenous Insulin Infusion and Subcutaneous Rapid-Acting Insulin for Glycemic Control in Severe Insulin Resistance By Magdalena Szkudlinska, MD ; Magdalena Szkudlinska, MD 1 University of Washington School of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, & Nutrition, Seattle, WA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Irl B. Hirsch, MD Irl B. Hirsch, MD 1 University of Washington School of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, & Nutrition, Seattle, WA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.56 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 56: Combined Effect of Intravenous Insulin Infusion and Subcutaneous Rapid-Acting Insulin for Glycemic Control in Severe Insulin Resistance in another window
• Case 57: Therapeutic Hypothermia and Severe Insulin Resistance in Patients with Diabetes and Cardiac Arrest By Stacey Seggelke, RD, MS, CDE ; Stacey Seggelke, RD, MS, CDE 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Boris Draznin, MD, PhD Boris Draznin, MD, PhD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.57 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 57: Therapeutic Hypothermia and Severe Insulin Resistance in Patients with Diabetes and Cardiac Arrest in another window
• Case 58: Extreme Insulin Resistance Following Heart Transplant By Suruchi Gupta, MBBS, MPH ; Suruchi Gupta, MBBS, MPH 1 Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Diana Johnson Oakes, APRN-BC ; Diana Johnson Oakes, APRN-BC 1 Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Ashley Therasse, MD ; Ashley Therasse, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Amisha Wallia, MD, MS ; Amisha Wallia, MD, MS 1 Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Mark E. Molitch, MD Mark E. Molitch, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.58 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 58: Extreme Insulin Resistance Following Heart Transplant in another window
• Case 59: Glycemic Control after Left Ventricular Assist Device Placement in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes By Gitana Staskus, MD Gitana Staskus, MD 1 Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Utah, School of Medicine. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.59 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 59: Glycemic Control after Left Ventricular Assist Device Placement in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes in another window
• Case 60: Management of Diabetic Ketoacidosis in a Patient on Hemodialysis By Roopashree Prabhushankar, MD ; Roopashree Prabhushankar, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, MO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Sofia Syed, MD ; Sofia Syed, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, MO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar James R. Sowers, MD, FACE, FACP, FAHA James R. Sowers, MD, FACE, FACP, FAHA 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, MO. 2 Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, MO. 3 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center, University of Missouri, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, MO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.60 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 60: Management of Diabetic Ketoacidosis in a Patient on Hemodialysis in another window
• Case 61: New Diabetes Emergency: Acute Rhabdomyolysis Complicating Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Coma By Cherie Vaz, MD ; Cherie Vaz, MD 1 Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Ajay Chaudhuri, MD, MRCP Ajay Chaudhuri, MD, MRCP 2 Department of Endocrinology, State University of New York, University at Buffalo and Kaleida Health, Buffalo, NY. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.61 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 61: New Diabetes Emergency: Acute Rhabdomyolysis Complicating Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Coma in another window
• Case 62: Transitioning from Intravenous to Subcutaneous Insulin in a Complicated Patient By Kathryn J. Evans, DNP, FNP-BC ; Kathryn J. Evans, DNP, FNP-BC 1 Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Lillian F. Lien, MD Lillian F. Lien, MD 2 Duke Inpatient Diabetes Management, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.62 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 62: Transitioning from Intravenous to Subcutaneous Insulin in a Complicated Patient in another window
• Case 63: Failure to Coordinate Diabetes Care between Hospital and Ambulatory Settings: A Threat to Safe and Quality Patient Care By Shawn Peavie, DO ; Shawn Peavie, DO 1 University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Cincinnati, OH. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Mercedes Falciglia, MD Mercedes Falciglia, MD 1 University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Cincinnati, OH. 2 Cincinnati Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.63 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 63: Failure to Coordinate Diabetes Care between Hospital and Ambulatory Settings: A Threat to Safe and Quality Patient Care in another window
• Case 64: Preventing Readmission: Translating the Hospital Diabetes Regimen into a Home Regimen that Is Safe, Effective, and Easy to Follow By Jane Jeffrie Seley, DNP, MPH, MSN, BC-ADM, CDE, CDTC Jane Jeffrie Seley, DNP, MPH, MSN, BC-ADM, CDE, CDTC 1 New York Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.64 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 64: Preventing Readmission: Translating the Hospital Diabetes Regimen into a Home Regimen that Is Safe, Effective, and Easy to Follow in another window
• Case 65: Novel Combination Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes By Donna White, RPh, CDE, BCACP ; Donna White, RPh, CDE, BCACP 1 University of Virginia Health System, Department of Pharmacy, Charlottesville, VA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Svetlana Goldman, PharmD Svetlana Goldman, PharmD 1 University of Virginia Health System, Department of Pharmacy, Charlottesville, VA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.65 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 65: Novel Combination Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes in another window
• Case 66: Do Many People with Type 2 Diabetes Really Need Insulin? By Stanley S. Schwartz, MD Stanley S. Schwartz, MD 1 Main Line Health System, Wynnewood, PA. 2 University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.66 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 66: Do Many People with Type 2 Diabetes <em>Really</em> Need Insulin? in another window
• Case 67: Glycemic Control in a Patient with Type 1 Diabetes and Peritoneal Dialysis By Nadir Khir, MD ; Nadir Khir, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Stephen Brietzke, MD ; Stephen Brietzke, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar James R. Sowers, MD James R. Sowers, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.67 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 67: Glycemic Control in a Patient with Type 1 Diabetes and Peritoneal Dialysis in another window
• Case 68: Insulin Allergy in an Insulin-Requiring Patient By Nestoras Mathioudakis, MD Nestoras Mathioudakis, MD 1 Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, & Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.68 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 68: Insulin Allergy in an Insulin-Requiring Patient in another window
• Case 69: Use of 3-Day Continuous Glucose Monitoring to Investigate Persistent Fasting Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes By Michelle Griffith, MD ; Michelle Griffith, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Mary Korytkowski, MD Mary Korytkowski, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.69 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 69: Use of 3-Day Continuous Glucose Monitoring to Investigate Persistent Fasting Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes in another window
• Case 70: Insulin Injections: What You “See” May Not Be What You Get By Robert J. Rushakoff, MD ; Robert J. Rushakoff, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Francisco, CA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Mary M. Sullivan, DNP, RN, ANP-BC, CDE, FAAN ; Mary M. Sullivan, DNP, RN, ANP-BC, CDE, FAAN 2 Department of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Arti Shah, MD ; Arti Shah, MD 3 Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Francisco, CA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Heidemarie Windham MacMaster, PharmD, CDE Heidemarie Windham MacMaster, PharmD, CDE 4 Department of Pharmaceutical Services, University of California, San Francisco, CA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.70 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 70: Insulin Injections: What You “See” May Not Be What You Get in another window
• Case 71: Prolonged Insulin-Free Management of Type 1 Diabetes By Danielle Castillo, MD ; Danielle Castillo, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Joseph Aloi, MD, FACE Joseph Aloi, MD, FACE 1 Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.71 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 71: Prolonged Insulin-Free Management of Type 1 Diabetes in another window
• Case 72: Delayed Response to NPH Insulin By Mayer B. Davidson, MD Mayer B. Davidson, MD 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University, Los Angeles, CA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.72 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 72: Delayed Response to NPH Insulin in another window
• Case 73: Reversal of Type 2 Diabetes by Weight Loss Despite Presence of Macro- and Microvascular Complications By Carl Peters, MB, ChB ; Carl Peters, MB, ChB 1 Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, England. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Sarah Steven, MB, ChB ; Sarah Steven, MB, ChB 1 Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, England. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Roy Taylor, MD Roy Taylor, MD 1 Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, England. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.73 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 73: Reversal of Type 2 Diabetes by Weight Loss Despite Presence of Macro- and Microvascular Complications in another window
• Case 74: Glycemic Control in Older Adults with Diabetes and Use of New SGLT2 Inhibitors By Carolyn Horney, MD ; Carolyn Horney, MD 1 University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Aurora, CO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Jeffrey Wallace, MD, MPH Jeffrey Wallace, MD, MPH 1 University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Aurora, CO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.74 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 74: Glycemic Control in Older Adults with Diabetes and Use of New SGLT2 Inhibitors in another window
• Case 75: Blood Glucose Control of Patients with Hypertriglyceridemia By Henning Beck-Nielsen, DMSc Henning Beck-Nielsen, DMSc 1 Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.75 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 75: Blood Glucose Control of Patients with Hypertriglyceridemia in another window
• Case 76: No Effect of Gluten-Free Diet in Prevention of Autoimmune Type 1 Diabetes and Other Autoimmune Disorders in a Child with Celiac Disease By Sandro Muntoni, MD, PhD ; Sandro Muntoni, MD, PhD 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, University School of Cagliari and Centre for Metabolic Diseases and Atherosclerosis, The ME.DI.CO. Association, Cagliari, Italy. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Mauro Congia, MD Mauro Congia, MD 2 Pediatric Gastroenterologic Unity, Microcitemic Hospital, Cagliari, Italy. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.76 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 76: No Effect of Gluten-Free Diet in Prevention of Autoimmune Type 1 Diabetes and Other Autoimmune Disorders in a Child with Celiac Disease in another window
• Case 77: What Does It Take to Keep Glucose Normal? By Lawrence S. Phillips, MD Lawrence S. Phillips, MD 1 Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA. 2 Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.77 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 77: What Does It Take to Keep Glucose Normal? in another window
• Case 78: Psychosocial Stressors and Management in an Adolescent with Type 2 Diabetes By Radha Nandagopal, MD ; Radha Nandagopal, MD 1 Pediatric Endocrinology, Providence Medical Group, Spokane, WA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Kristina I. Rother, MD, MHSc Kristina I. Rother, MD, MHSc 2 Section on Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolism, Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.78 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 78: Psychosocial Stressors and Management in an Adolescent with Type 2 Diabetes in another window
• Case 79: Suicide, Homicide, or Diabetes-Related Incident? By John N. Carter, BSc (Med), MBBS, FRACP, MD John N. Carter, BSc (Med), MBBS, FRACP, MD 1 Clinical Professor of Endocrinology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.79 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 79: Suicide, Homicide, or Diabetes-Related Incident? in another window
• Case 80: The Case of an Older Woman with Diabetes on Insulin Pump Therapy, Struggling with Cognitive Decline, Hypoglycemia, and Loss of Autonomy By Jennifer M. Hackel, DNP, GNP-BC, CDE ; Jennifer M. Hackel, DNP, GNP-BC, CDE 1 University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Liselle Douyon, MD ; Liselle Douyon, MD 2 University of Michigan, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ann Arbor, MI. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Jeffrey B. Halter, MD Jeffrey B. Halter, MD 3 University of Michigan Geriatrics Center, Ann Arbor, MI. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.80 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 80: The Case of an Older Woman with Diabetes on Insulin Pump Therapy, Struggling with Cognitive Decline, Hypoglycemia, and Loss of Autonomy in another window
• Case 81: Somnambulism (Sleepwalking) Caused by Nocturnal Hypoglycemia By David S.H. Bell, MB David S.H. Bell, MB 1 Clinical Professor of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.81 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 81: Somnambulism (Sleepwalking) Caused by Nocturnal Hypoglycemia in another window
• Case 82: Hypoglycemic Unawareness By Amita Maturu, MD ; Amita Maturu, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Neda Rasouli, MD Neda Rasouli, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO. 2 Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, CO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.82 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 82: Hypoglycemic Unawareness in another window
• Case 83: Successful Use of Plasmapheresis in the Treatment of Hypoglycemia Due to Insulin Antibody Syndrome By Pankaj Sharda, MD ; Pankaj Sharda, MD 1 Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Thottathil Gopan, MD ; Thottathil Gopan, MD 2 Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Robert Zimmerman, MD ; Robert Zimmerman, MD 2 Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Elias S. Siraj, MD Elias S. Siraj, MD 1 Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.83 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 83: Successful Use of Plasmapheresis in the Treatment of Hypoglycemia Due to Insulin Antibody Syndrome in another window
• Case 84: Postprandial Hypoglycemia, an Uncommon Presentation of Type 2 Diabetes By Muhammad W. Salam, MD ; Muhammad W. Salam, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar James R. Sowers, MD James R. Sowers, MD 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO. 2 Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO. 3 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO. 4 University of Missouri, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, MO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.84 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 84: Postprandial Hypoglycemia, an Uncommon Presentation of Type 2 Diabetes in another window
• Case 85: Factitious Hypoglycemia in a Type 2 Diabetic Patient By Stacey A. Seggelke, MS, RN, CNS, CDE, BC-ADM Stacey A. Seggelke, MS, RN, CNS, CDE, BC-ADM 1 Adult Diabetes Program, University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine, Denver, CO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.85 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 85: Factitious Hypoglycemia in a Type 2 Diabetic Patient in another window
• Case 86: Recurrent Hypoglycemia in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes By Pavani Srimatkandada, MD ; Pavani Srimatkandada, MD 1 Boston University School of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Weight Management, Boston, MA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Marie E. McDonnell, MD ; Marie E. McDonnell, MD 1 Boston University School of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Weight Management, Boston, MA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Sonia Ananthakrishnan, MD Sonia Ananthakrishnan, MD 1 Boston University School of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Weight Management, Boston, MA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.86 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 86: Recurrent Hypoglycemia in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes in another window
• Case 87: Munchausen Syndrome: Hypoglycemia in an Obese Woman with Type 2 Diabetes By R. Paul Robertson, MD R. Paul Robertson, MD 1 Professor of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Professor of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Washington, President Emeritus and Principal Investigator, Pacific Northwest Diabetes Research Institute. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.87 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 87: Munchausen Syndrome: Hypoglycemia in an Obese Woman with Type 2 Diabetes in another window
• Case 88: The Use of Medical Technologies for the Reduction of Hypoglycemia in Type 1 Diabetes: Technology for Hypoglycemia Reduction By Viral N. Shah, MD ; Viral N. Shah, MD 1 Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Aaron W. Michels, MD ; Aaron W. Michels, MD 1 Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO. 2 Departments of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Satish K. Garg, MD Satish K. Garg, MD 1 Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO. 2 Departments of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO. 3 Editor-in-Chief, Diabetes Technology and Therapeutics , Aurora, CO. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.88 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 88: The Use of Medical Technologies for the Reduction of Hypoglycemia in Type 1 Diabetes: Technology for Hypoglycemia Reduction in another window
• Case 89: Reversal of Insulin-Requiring Type 2 Diabetes and Development of Hypoglycemia in a Morbidly Obese Patient By David S.H. Bell, MB David S.H. Bell, MB 1 University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.89 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 89: Reversal of Insulin-Requiring Type 2 Diabetes and Development of Hypoglycemia in a Morbidly Obese Patient in another window
• Case 90: Munchausen-by-Proxy: Hypoglycemia in an Islet Autotransplantation Recipient By R. Paul Robertson, MD R. Paul Robertson, MD 1 Professor of Medicine, University of Minnesota; Professor of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Washington; President Emeritus and Principal Investigator, Pacific Northwest Diabetes Research Institute. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.90 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 90: Munchausen-by-Proxy: Hypoglycemia in an Islet Autotransplantation Recipient in another window
• Case 91: Treatment of a Patient with Diabetes and Severe Hypoglycemia By Henning Beck-Nielsen, DMSc Henning Beck-Nielsen, DMSc 1 Department of Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.91 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 91: Treatment of a Patient with Diabetes and Severe Hypoglycemia in another window
• Case 92: Hypoglycemia with Use of Glargine Insulin in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes, Occurring with Titration Aimed at Achieving Prebreakfast Glucose Levels <100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L) By Saira Adeel, MD ; Saira Adeel, MD 1 Atlanta VA Medical Center, Division of Endocrinology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Lawrence S. Phillips, MD Lawrence S. Phillips, MD 2 Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Emory University, Atlanta, GA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.92 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 92: Hypoglycemia with Use of Glargine Insulin in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes, Occurring with Titration Aimed at Achieving Prebreakfast Glucose Levels &lt;100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L) in another window
• Case 93: Progressive Hypoglycemia Due to Insulinoma in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes: Treatment with Image-Guided Minimally Invasive Pancreas-Sparing Surgery By Mary-Elizabeth Patti, MD ; Mary-Elizabeth Patti, MD 1 Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA. 5 Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Mark P. Callery, MD, FACS ; Mark P. Callery, MD, FACS 2 Institute for HepatoBiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA. 5 Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Robert M. Najarian, MD ; Robert M. Najarian, MD 3 Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA. 5 Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Mandeep S. Sawhney, MD, MS ; Mandeep S. Sawhney, MD, MS 4 Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Dana Farber Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA. 5 Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Lyle Mitzner, MD ; Lyle Mitzner, MD 1 Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA. 5 Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Allison B. Goldfine, MD ; Allison B. Goldfine, MD 1 Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA. 5 Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar A. James Moser, MD, FACS A. James Moser, MD, FACS 2 Institute for HepatoBiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA. 5 Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.93 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 93: Progressive Hypoglycemia Due to Insulinoma in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes: Treatment with Image-Guided Minimally Invasive Pancreas-Sparing Surgery in another window
• Case 94: Managing Pain and Paralysis in Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy in Diabetes By Aaron I. Vinik, MD, PhD, FCP, MACP, FACE Aaron I. Vinik, MD, PhD, FCP, MACP, FACE 1 Eastern Virginia Medical School, Strelitz Diabetes Center, Norfolk, VA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.94 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 94: Managing Pain and Paralysis in Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy in Diabetes in another window
• Case 95: Neuropathy in Metformin-Treated Type 2 Diabetes By Aaron I. Vinik, MD, PhD, FCP, MACP, FACE Aaron I. Vinik, MD, PhD, FCP, MACP, FACE 1 Eastern Virginia Medical School, Strelitz Diabetes Center, Norfolk, VA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.95 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 95: Neuropathy in Metformin-Treated Type 2 Diabetes in another window
• Case 96: A Case of Acute Sensory Neuropathy in Type 1 Diabetes By Andrew J.M. Boulton, MD, DSc, FACP, FRCP Andrew J.M. Boulton, MD, DSc, FACP, FRCP 1 University of Manchester, UK; University of Miami, Miami, FL; Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK; President, European Association for the Study of Diabetes, Dusseldorf, Germany. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.96 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 96: A Case of Acute Sensory Neuropathy in Type 1 Diabetes in another window
• Case 97: Nondiabetic Neuropathy in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes By David S.H. Bell, MB David S.H. Bell, MB 1 University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.97 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 97: Nondiabetic Neuropathy in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes in another window
• Case 98: Severe Distal Symmetrical and Autonomic Neuropathy in a Patient with a Short Duration of Type 1 Diabetes By David S.H. Bell, MB David S.H. Bell, MB 1 University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.98 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 98: Severe Distal Symmetrical and Autonomic Neuropathy in a Patient with a Short Duration of Type 1 Diabetes in another window
• Case 99: Diabetic Amyotrophy and Neuropathic Cachexia By David S.H. Bell, MB David S.H. Bell, MB 1 University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.99 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 99: Diabetic Amyotrophy and Neuropathic Cachexia in another window
• Case 100: High GAD Antibody Levels and Cerebellar Atrophy in a Patient with Type 1 Diabetes By David S.H. Bell, MB David S.H. Bell, MB 1 University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.100 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 100: High GAD Antibody Levels and Cerebellar Atrophy in a Patient with Type 1 Diabetes in another window
• Case 101: Resolution of Infertility with Diabetes Therapy By David S.H. Bell, MB David S.H. Bell, MB 1 University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.101 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 101: Resolution of Infertility with Diabetes Therapy in another window
• Case 102: The Initial Pregnancy Visit of a Woman with Type 1 Diabetes and Diabetes Complications By Aidan McElduff, MD Aidan McElduff, MD 1 Discipline of Medicine, Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.102 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 102: The Initial Pregnancy Visit of a Woman with Type 1 Diabetes and Diabetes Complications in another window
• Case 103: Gastroparesis and Pregnancy By Carl Peters, MB, ChB ; Carl Peters, MB, ChB 1 Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, England. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Roy Taylor, MD Roy Taylor, MD 1 Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, England. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Doi: https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.103 Open the PDF Link PDF for Case 103: Gastroparesis and Pregnancy in another window
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Case Examples

Examples of recommended interventions in the treatment of depression across the lifespan.

Children/Adolescents

A 15-year-old Puerto Rican female

The adolescent was previously diagnosed with major depressive disorder and treated intermittently with supportive psychotherapy and antidepressants. Her more recent episodes related to her parents’ marital problems and her academic/social difficulties at school. She was treated using cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT).

Chafey, M.I.J., Bernal, G., & Rossello, J. (2009). Clinical Case Study: CBT for Depression in A Puerto Rican Adolescent. Challenges and Variability in Treatment Response. Depression and Anxiety , 26, 98-103.  https://doi.org/10.1002/da.20457

Sam, a 15-year-old adolescent

Sam was team captain of his soccer team, but an unexpected fight with another teammate prompted his parents to meet with a clinical psychologist. Sam was diagnosed with major depressive disorder after showing an increase in symptoms over the previous three months. Several recent challenges in his family and romantic life led the therapist to recommend interpersonal psychotherapy for adolescents (IPT-A).

Hall, E.B., & Mufson, L. (2009). Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Depressed Adolescents (IPT-A): A Case Illustration. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 38 (4), 582-593. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374410902976338

© Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology (Div. 53) APA, https://sccap53.org/, reprinted by permission of Taylor & Francis Ltd, http://www.tandfonline.com on behalf of the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology (Div. 53) APA.

General Adults

Mark, a 43-year-old male

Mark had a history of depression and sought treatment after his second marriage ended. His depression was characterized as being “controlled by a pattern of interpersonal avoidance.” The behavior/activation therapist asked Mark to complete an activity record to help steer the treatment sessions.

Dimidjian, S., Martell, C.R., Addis, M.E., & Herman-Dunn, R. (2008). Chapter 8: Behavioral activation for depression. In D.H. Barlow (Ed.) Clinical handbook of psychological disorders: A step-by-step treatment manual (4th ed., pp. 343-362). New York: Guilford Press.

Reprinted with permission from Guilford Press.

Denise, a 59-year-old widow

Denise is described as having “nonchronic depression” which appeared most recently at the onset of her husband’s diagnosis with brain cancer. Her symptoms were loneliness, difficulty coping with daily life, and sadness. Treatment included filling out a weekly activity log and identifying/reconstructing automatic thoughts.

Young, J.E., Rygh, J.L., Weinberger, A.D., & Beck, A.T. (2008). Chapter 6: Cognitive therapy for depression. In D.H. Barlow (Ed.) Clinical handbook of psychological disorders: A step-by-step treatment manual (4th ed., pp. 278-287). New York, NY: Guilford Press.

Nancy, a 25-year-old single, white female

Nancy described herself as being “trapped by her relationships.” Her intake interview confirmed symptoms of major depressive disorder and the clinician recommended cognitive-behavioral therapy. 

Persons, J.B., Davidson, J. & Tompkins, M.A. (2001). A Case Example: Nancy. In Essential Components of Cognitive-Behavior Therapy For Depression (pp. 205-242). Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10389-007

While APA owns the rights to this text, some exhibits are property of the San Francisco Bay Area Center for Cognitive Therapy, which has granted the APA permission for use.

Luke, a 34-year-old male graduate student

Luke is described as having treatment-resistant depression and while not suicidal, hoped that a fatal illness would take his life or that he would just disappear. His treatment involved mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, which helps participants become aware of and recharacterize their overwhelming negative thoughts. It involves regular practice of mindfulness techniques and exercises as one component of therapy.

Sipe, W.E.B., & Eisendrath, S.J. (2014). Chapter 3 — Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy For Treatment-Resistant Depression. In R.A. Baer (Ed.), Mindfulness-Based Treatment Approaches (2nd ed., pp. 66-70). San Diego: Academic Press.

Reprinted with permission from Elsevier.

Sara, a 35-year-old married female

Sara was referred to treatment after having a stillbirth. Sara showed symptoms of grief, or complicated bereavement, and was diagnosed with major depression, recurrent. The clinician recommended interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) for a duration of 12 weeks.

Bleiberg, K.L., & Markowitz, J.C. (2008). Chapter 7: Interpersonal psychotherapy for depression. In D.H. Barlow (Ed.) Clinical handbook of psychological disorders: a treatment manual (4th ed., pp. 315-323). New York, NY: Guilford Press.

Peggy, a 52-year-old white, Italian-American widow

Peggy had a history of chronic depression, which flared during her husband’s illness and ultimate death. Guilt was a driving factor of her depressive symptoms, which lasted six months after his death. The clinician treated Peggy with psychodynamic therapy over a period of two years.

Bishop, J., & Lane , R.C. (2003). Psychodynamic Treatment of a Case of Grief Superimposed On Melancholia. Clinical Case Studies , 2(1), 3-19. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534650102239085

Several case examples of supportive therapy

Winston, A., Rosenthal, R.N., & Pinsker, H. (2004). Introduction to Supportive Psychotherapy . Arlington, VA : American Psychiatric Publishing.

Older Adults

Several case examples of interpersonal psychotherapy & pharmacotherapy

Miller, M. D., Wolfson, L., Frank, E., Cornes, C., Silberman, R., Ehrenpreis, L.…Reynolds, C. F., III. (1998). Using Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) in a Combined Psychotherapy/Medication Research Protocol with Depressed Elders: A Descriptive Report With Case Vignettes. Journal of Psychotherapy Practice and Research , 7(1), 47-55.

Medical Case Study

Report generator.

The questions we ask decide the limits of scientific knowledge. The groundbreaking discoveries start with an inquisitive thought. We don’t just ask for the sake of asking. Our questions are based on our observation of everyday phenomena. This allows for practical applications of the findings. Medical research is, at its core, dedicated to the improvement of human health. In the medical field, case studies are analyses of the conditions of real people in real-life scenarios. From our investigations, we arrive at a new research direction. It is this cycle of observing what happens and asking why it happens that steers medical research towards a beneficial end.

7+ Medical Case Study Templates and Examples

There is no manual for clinical operations that covers every possible medical case. Occasionally, health personnel would encounter a strange, undocumented condition of their patients. The life of a person is too delicate a constitution just to be handled carelessly. Doctors may refer their dilemma to previously recorded cases related to the situation, or they may attempt to alleviate the symptoms. For future reference, they report their observations, measures taken, and recommendations to the medical community. These studies provide the questions for the next research undertaking . This is how medical case studies shape medical research and the future of human health.

1. Medical Case Study Template

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Medical case studies are like journal entries written by medical practitioners, students, faculty, and researchers. Instead of their morning commute or their daily ordeals in hospitals and laboratories, the pages contain stories of the unusual medical cases that they encounter. Because the case studies are basically informative notes about an undocumented situation, they are useful learning supplements for medical students.  The challenge for writers now is producing a comprehensive resource material that can be used as study aid. We made your work easier with this template! The template contains original headings that you can modify as you see best. Its easy-to-follow layout makes studying your investigation less daunting a task.

2. Case study template

• Editable PDF

Size: A4 & US Letter Sizes

Your medical case study is an expounded and well-researched original observation. Since you or your team are the ones who witnessed the events you wished to tell, your report should be as clear and detailed.  A well-written case study includes a thorough analysis of the medical situation. What were the tell-tale signs that made you arrive to your diagnosis? What makes this case stand out? How did you get to your conclusion? It is encouraged that you include related articles and studies in your discussion. Your careful analysis of the situation influences how useful a case study is. This template gives a helpful outline and a sample format that you will find helpful as you proceed with your investigation.

3. Case Study Record Template

An entry would include a background of the patients and their medical history. As an author of medical case studies, you are still required to adhere to the guidelines for ethical research. You have to secure consent from your patients that you will use their information and biological specimen for your study. As you collect consented information, it can be hard to work through all these details that your patients will provide for you. How does each part of his or her medical history paint a picture of the patient’s condition? You can download this template that lists the information you might need in your study. The template arranges the information in categories, like the consent form process, screening criteria, medical history, and laboratory test findings. It is editable so you can make this your very own!

4. Free Case Study Template

Size: A4 & US Sizes

There may be multiple formats in writing a case study, but the essential elements remain true for all of these studies.  In your overview, you can write an abstract of the entire case study. Next, you may proceed to illustrate the medical history of the patient and her state during the consultations. Did she look ill? What were her complaints? In the following sections, you can introduce related literature of the case. You should cite journal articles, and if possible, news relevant to your case. You then narrate your response and discuss in detail what can be learned from your study. Download this free template so you can get started on yours!

5. Case Study Writing Template

Size: 49 KB

Case studies are not a one-size-fits-all manual of operations. Because an entry is considered a novel observation in medical and clinical practice, case studies can still function as informative notes for other doctors.  Your case study will be made available as reference when it is made public. When you submit your case study to a journal for publication, the format of the paper can vary depending on the journal’s requirements. It can also be similar to this template, where the content is arranged into two columns. This downloadable PDF file also includes a guide on how to write the content for your study. There may be information that doesn’t apply to you. Nevertheless, this template will be valuable in the presentation of your report.

6. Case Study Writing General Guide

Size: 195 KB

After you have obtained the necessary details for your case study, your next challenge is to arrange and logically present the information. The first thing you would write is an introduction about the issue. This guide suggests steps on how to make your introduction and discussion effective. You can add literature and journals that would strengthen your case. You can evaluate the present medical approaches that are being employed to resolve a problem and discuss if they are effective in this case. You should explain why the method isn’t the best solution for your patients’ medical issues. Download and use this free help now!

7. Sample Clinical Case Study

Size: 68 KB

Not everyone is skilled at writing as they are in treating diseases, which is why we provided these templates and samples to help you better relay your findings and investigations.  You can download and refer to this sample for your case study. It has a case description where you introduce the patient and the medical condition. Then the writers proceed to discuss the concept behind the condition. They included their data and talked about how the numbers were relevant to their case. They summarized their points in their conclusion and added a list of their references. Although the format of your medical case study will depend on the journal you wish to submit it to, this sample can serve as your guide on how to get your report accepted for publication.

8. Medical Case Study Sample

Size: 101 KB

This sample is another published medical study. C ase studies allow for the detection of weaknesses and gaps in our understanding of human health. This makes case study a valuable resource for improving our techniques in evaluation and treatments. When you are writing your case studies, you are responsible for the direction that science progresses towards. Knowing how to structure your report is then essential so that your findings will be communicated well. We added this example template to help you produce a substantial and informative case study. You can download the PDF file of this study for your personal reference.

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25:  Case Study Answers

Yeong Kwok, MD

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Disclaimer: These citations have been automatically generated based on the information we have and it may not be 100% accurate. Please consult the latest official manual style if you have any questions regarding the format accuracy.

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Osteogenesis Imperfecta

The four types of osteogenesis imperfecta are type I (mild), type II (perinatal, lethal), type III (progressive, deforming), and type IV (deforming with normal scleras). All forms of osteogenesis imperfecta are characterized by increased susceptibility to fractures (“brittle bones”), but there is considerable phenotypic heterogeneity, even within individual subtypes. Approximately one fourth of the cases of type I or type IV osteogenesis imperfecta represent new mutations; in the remainder, the history and examination of other family members reveal findings consistent with autosomal dominant inheritance. Type III is also transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait, although type III can occasionally be transmitted in an autosomal recessive manner. Type II, the most severe form, generally occurs as a result of a sporadic dominant mutation.

Type II osteogenesis imperfecta presents at birth (or even in utero) with multiple fractures and bony deformities, resulting in death in infancy and, therefore, not likely to be seen in a child 4 years of age. Type III presents at birth or in early infancy with multiple fractures—often prenatal—and progressive bony deformities. The absence of prenatal fractures and early deformities in this patient’s history is most suggestive of type I or type IV osteogenesis imperfecta. These individuals generally present in early childhood with one or a few fractures of long bones in response to minimal or no trauma, as seen in this case. Type I and type IV osteogenesis imperfecta are differentiated by their clinical severity and scleral hue. Type I tends to be less severe, with 10–20 fractures during childhood plus short stature but few or no deformities. These patients tend to have blue scleras. Patients with type IV osteogenesis imperfecta tend to have more fractures, resulting in significant short stature and mild to moderate deformities. Their scleras are normal or gray.

In patients with type I osteogenesis imperfecta, the fracture incidence decreases after puberty and the main features in adult life are mild short stature, conductive hearing loss, and occasionally dentinogenesis imperfecta (defective dentin formation in tooth development).

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• What is Protected Health Information?
• Anatomy and Physiology Fundamentals
• Human Anatomy: An Overview of Major Body Systems, Organs, and Tissues
• Physiology Basics: Understanding Body Functions for Accurate Medical Coding
• ICD-10-CM Coding Overview
• Code Structure of ICD-10-CM Coding
• Coding Conventions of Medical Coding
• Coding Guidelines for ICD-10-CM
• How to navigate the Code Sets?
• Medical Coding Case Studies: Practice Coding Real-World Scenarios
• Tough Medical Coding Case Studies
• Current Procedural Terminology Coding System
• CPT Coding Categories
• What is Chief Complaint?
• What is History of the Present Illness?
• What are Surgical Modifiers?
• What are Bundled Procedures?
• Evaluation and Management (E/M) Codes in CPT coding system

CPT Coding: Case Studies

• EM Coding: Case Studies
• Inpatient E/M coding Case Studies
• Outpatient E/M Coding Case Studies
• Difference between inpatient and outpatient E/M coding
• What is the HCPCS Coding?
• What is DMPEOS Coding?
• HCPCS Overview
• What is Medical Coding Compliance?
• Ethical Considerations in Medical Coding
• Medical Coding Compliance and Fraud
• Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
• Medical Coding Auditing and Documentation
• What Medical Billing?
• Revenue Cycle Management in Medical Billing
• Medical Coding and Reimbursement Relationship
• Medical Coding Claim Submission
• What are Medical Terminologies?
• Medical Language Basics for Improved Coding Accuracy
• Medical Terminologies: Prefixes, Suffixes, and Root Words

Module 1: Introduction to Medical Coding

Module 2: anatomy and physiology fundamentals, module 3: icd-10-cm coding, module 4: cpt coding, module 5: hcpcs level ii coding, module 6: medical coding compliance and ethics, module 7: medical billing and reimbursement, module 8: medical terminology, module 10: medical coding interview questions & answers, join our community on telegram, join the biggest community of pharma students and professionals..

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These are a few CPT medical coding case study questions along with their correct answers for practice. Medical coding requires accurate code selection based on the provided scenario. Remember to consult the latest CPT codebook for the most up-to-date information. Let's begin:

Case Study 1: Evaluation and Management (E/M) Coding

Scenario: A 35-year-old female patient with complaints of chest pain and shortness of breath visits the primary care physician's office. The physician performs a comprehensive history and examination, and the medical decision-making is of high complexity.

Question 1: Assign the appropriate E/M code for this encounter.

Answer 1: CPT code 99205 (Office or other outpatient visit for the evaluation and management of a new patient, which requires a comprehensive history, comprehensive examination, and high-level medical decision-making) would be appropriate for this encounter.

Case Study 2: Surgical Coding

Scenario: A patient undergoes a laparoscopic cholecystectomy with cholangiography due to gallstones and biliary colic.

Question 2: Assign the appropriate CPT code for the laparoscopic cholecystectomy with cholangiography.

Answer 2: CPT code 47562 (Laparoscopy, surgical; cholecystectomy) should be assigned for the laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Additionally, CPT code 47563 (Cholangiography, intraoperative, when performed, and includes the use of a cholangiogram, real-time fluoroscopic guidance, and all associated radiological supervision and interpretation; intraoperative) should be assigned for the cholangiography.

Case Study 3: Pathology/Laboratory Coding

Scenario: A patient undergoes a comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP) and complete blood count (CBC) tests at a clinical laboratory.

Question 3: Assign the appropriate CPT codes for the CMP and CBC tests.

Answer 3: CPT code 80053 (Comprehensive metabolic panel) should be assigned for the CMP. CPT code 85025 (Complete (CBC), automated (Hgb, Hct, RBC, WBC, and platelet count)) should be assigned for the CBC.

Case Study 4: Radiology Coding

Scenario: A patient comes to the radiology department for an X-ray of the right ankle after twisting it during a sports activity.

Question 4: Assign the appropriate CPT code for the X-ray of the right ankle.

Answer 4: CPT code 73610 (Radiologic examination, ankle; 2 views) should be assigned for the X-ray of the right ankle.

Case Study 5: Emergency Department (ED) Coding

Scenario: A 25-year-old male patient arrives at the emergency department with a deep laceration on his left forearm. The physician performs wound exploration, extensive cleaning, and suturing.

Question 5: Assign the appropriate E/M code for this emergency department encounter.

Answer 5: CPT code 99284 (Emergency department visit for the evaluation and management of a patient, which requires a detailed history, detailed examination, and medical decision-making of moderate complexity) would be appropriate for this emergency department encounter.

Please note that medical coding is a vast field, and these case studies cover only a few scenarios. It is essential to continue studying and practicing with a wide range of real-world scenarios to gain expertise in CPT medical coding. Always verify the codes with the latest CPT codebook and any relevant official guidelines.

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• ⏩ Healthcare
• ⏩ Machine Learning in Healthcare: Use Cases, Benefits & Success Stories

Machine Learning in Healthcare: Use Cases, Benefits & Success Stories

Key Takeaways

• Machine learning in healthcare leverages algorithms to analyze large datasets, enabling better decision-making and personalized care by identifying patterns and continuously learning from data.
• ML algorithms are subsets of AI that help medical providers quickly identify conditions and create accurate treatment plans.
• The global AI healthcare market is projected to grow from $26.69B in 2024 to $613.81B by 2034.
• Healthcare companies allocated 10.5% of their budgets to AI and ML in 2023, up from 5.5% in 2022, with 94% already using these technologies.
• By adopting ML for advanced data processing with Acropolium, our client increased analysis processing accuracy by 40% in their bioscience platform.

Artificial intelligence and machine learning in healthcare have become instrumental in clinical operations, drug discovery, patient care, and medical data management. These algorithms are designed to interact with vast amounts of information, segmenting and allocating insights for better decision-making.

By adopting cutting-edge technologies, medical institutions automate data processing, improve patient experiences, and ultimately bring operational efficiency to the next level. With 15 years of crafting unique healthcare software solutions , we have helped our clients reimagine their medical operations with advanced automated data-first systems.

In this article, we apply our knowledge, insights, and success stories from our 6-year AI/ML consulting and development journey, breaking down the disruptive applications of machine learning in healthcare.

What is ML in Healthcare?

Machine learning in healthcare uses algorithms and statistical models to analyze large medical datasets, enabling better decision-making and personalized care. As a subset of AI, these patterns identify patterns, make predictions, and continuously improve by learning from data.

Different learning types include supervised and unsupervised learning, finding applications in disease classification, and providing personalized treatment recommendations. Due to its wide variety of applications, ML stands among the top healthcare tech trends , along with AI, cloud computing , and robotics.

The pandemic era emphasized the disruptive role of AI and ML in medicine, aiding in the rapid detection and diagnosis of virus strains. AI algorithms analyze patient data to help providers swiftly identify conditions and develop accurate treatment plans. Therefore, the global AI in healthcare market is expected to grow from $26.69B in 2024 to $613.81B by 2034.

Benefits of ML in the Healthcare Industry

The algorithms of machine learning and medicine have been going hand in hand, where technological advancements translate to healthcare industry evolution. This, in turn, has brought tons of growth opportunities for medical businesses while delivering a new level of service to patients.

Morgan Stanley reports that healthcare companies are expected to allocate 10.5% of their budgets to AI and machine learning next year, up from 5.5% in 2022.

Let’s dive deeper into the advantages of machine learning in healthcare operations, both from the medical and business perspectives.

Advanced Disease Detection

ML algorithms are trained on vast datasets of medical images, lab results, and patient records to recognize patterns associated with specific diseases. For example, in radiology, ML models can analyze thousands of X-rays or MRIs to detect subtle anomalies, such as early-stage tumors, that the human eye may miss.

By using ML for healthcare, medical facilities improve their accuracy over time by continually learning from new data, leading to more reliable and earlier diagnoses.

Customized Patient Care

One of the most representational benefits of machine learning in healthcare is that it analyzes patient data, including genetic information, past treatments, and responses to medications. This way, the technology helps to identify patterns that correlate with specific outcomes.

In oncology, ML can predict how different patients with the same cancer type may respond to various treatments based on their unique profiles. This allows doctors to design highly personalized treatment plans, optimizing therapy effectiveness and minimizing side effects.

Customer relationship management (CRM)

CRM software consolidates data that allows you to improve the way you manage your interactions and relationships with existing and potential customers. It helps you find new leads, turn them into customers, and provide service that engenders loyalty.

Risk Prediction and Prevention

ML uses historical patient data to train predictive models that forecast future outcomes, such as the likelihood of disease progression or hospital readmission. Machine learning medical devices analyze variables like vital signs, lab results, and demographic data to predict risks while cooperating with EMR/EHR software .

For instance, in chronic diseases like heart failure, ML models can mark patients at higher risk for complications, allowing clinicians to intervene earlier with preventive measures, reducing hospital admissions, and improving patient care.

Accelerated Drug Development

From a drug development perspective, the impact of machine learning on healthcare is substantive. ML algorithms process massive datasets of chemical compounds, biological interactions, and patient data to identify potential new drugs and predict their effectiveness in treating specific diseases.

They simulate how different compounds interact with biological targets, accelerating the identification of promising drug candidates. This drastically reduces the time spent on trial-and-error experimentation in the lab, leading to faster drug discovery and development.

Streamlined Healthcare Operations

ML analyzes hospital operational data, including patient admission trends, staff schedules, and resource usage, to optimize workflows. Thus, ML models can predict patient inflow based on historical data, allowing hospitals to better manage staffing levels and reduce wait times.

In addition, ML can automate repetitive administrative tasks, such as billing and appointment scheduling, freeing up healthcare providers to focus on patient care. This helps to improve overall efficiency in healthcare delivery and optimize hospital management .

Improved Prescription Accuracy

By analyzing a patient’s medical history, including allergies, previous treatments, and potential drug interactions, ML systems help healthcare providers make more informed decisions. These systems flag potential errors, such as incorrect dosages or dangerous combinations of medications, before they are prescribed.

The use of machine learning in healthcare prescriptions accounts for variations in patient response based on genetic data, allowing for more tailored prescriptions. This reduces the risk of adverse reactions, minimizes human error in prescribing, and leads to better patient outcomes, ensuring safer and more effective treatments.

Use Cases and Applications of ML in Healthcare

While AI comprises many ML applications across industries globally, the modern applications of machine learning in healthcare impress with their effectiveness and wide adoption. In fact, 94% of healthcare companies already utilized AI or ML in 2023. Let’s take a look at some prominent examples.

Predictive Analytics for Patient Outcomes

ML enables predictive analytics by analyzing large datasets to forecast patient outcomes, such as hospital readmission rates or the onset of chronic diseases. For example, NantHealth uses predictive modeling to create patient profiles, identify those at risk of poor health, and offer personalized care plans​.

Personalized Medicine

ML healthcare models tailor treatment plans based on individual genetic and medical data. Arizona State University has developed ML models to predict immune responses to new drugs, enhancing personalized care by minimizing adverse drug reactions.

Drug Discovery and Development

By analyzing vast chemical libraries to predict interactions and efficacy, ML accelerates drug discovery. Many pharmaceutical companies like Pfizer and AstraZeneca have used AI to reduce drug development times, which is especially evident during the rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines.

AI-driven models help identify new therapeutic uses for existing drugs, significantly speeding up the research process.

Medical Imaging and Diagnostics

Image recognition capabilities stand among the most impressive machine learning use cases in healthcare. The technology enhances diagnostics by analyzing medical images for early detection of diseases like cancer. Foreseemed uses predictive models to analyze imaging data, identifying early signs of disease progression.

AI’s ability to process vast amounts of imaging data helps improve diagnostic accuracy and reduce human error.

Virtual Health Assistants and Chatbots

AI-driven chatbots provide 24/7 healthcare support, assisting patients with symptom checks and medication reminders. IBM Watson Health utilizes ML to power its virtual assistant, offering personalized advice based on patient interactions.

These tools improve patient engagement while reducing the burden on healthcare professionals.

Remote Patient Monitoring and Telehealth

Machine learning enhances remote patient monitoring and telehealth by processing real-time data from wearables and mobile applications to detect anomalies in patient health. It constantly monitors vital signs and other health metrics, alerting healthcare providers when intervention is needed.

This approach improves chronic disease management, reduces hospital readmissions, and offers proactive care, particularly for elderly and at-risk patients. Biofourmis leverages ML algorithms to analyze patient data from wearables and predict potential health issues before they become critical, offering personalized remote care and reducing hospital visits.

Genomic Research and Analysis

Analysis of genome sequences is one of the most impressive machine learning examples in healthcare. ML helps identify disease-linked mutations, guide personalized medicine, and accelerate drug discovery. The integration of ML helps understand complex biological interactions that would be difficult to detect manually.

Deep Genomics applies the technology to identify genetic mutations associated with various diseases and develop targeted therapies. Their platform uses predictive modeling to understand how genetic changes affect disease progression, supporting personalized treatment options.

Challenges and Solutions in Implementing ML in Healthcare

With all the potential benefits of machine learning in healthcare, it takes a thorough approach, expertise, and adoption readiness to reveal the full power of this technology. Here are the common challenges you should address with an experienced IT outsourcing vendor or web development partner.

Data Privacy and Security

Given that ML relies heavily on patient data, there are significant concerns about the misuse or unauthorized access to sensitive information. Healthcare cybersecurity is integral to ensuring compliance with HIPAA and GDPR regulations.

The solution involves deploying advanced encryption techniques, secure cloud architectures , and anonymization processes to protect patient data. Additionally, companies must maintain compliance by integrating robust governance frameworks and continuously monitoring data security practices.

Data Quality and Accessibility

Another challenge is the quality and accessibility of healthcare data. Clinical data is often fragmented across multiple systems, prone to errors, or inconsistent in format, making it difficult for ML models to produce reliable insights.

The solution to this challenge is standardizing and cleaning datasets before feeding them into your existing software. Also, adopting FHIR (Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources) standards can help streamline data sharing across both multi-tenant and single-tenant platforms.

Integration with Existing Systems

Implementing ML in medicine requires integrating existing healthcare systems like Electronic Health Records (EHRs) and legacy infrastructure. Not only may it not always be compatible with new technologies, but it can also be costly and time-consuming, creating a significant barrier to ML adoption .

A possible solution is using APIs and middleware to enable smooth cooperation between traditional systems and new ML-powered solutions, allowing for a seamless transition.

Clinician and Patient Trust

Many healthcare professionals are skeptical about AI and ML, fearing that these technologies might replace human judgment or lead to inaccurate diagnoses. Patients may also be hesitant to embrace AI-powered tools, especially if they feel their care is becoming impersonal.

Building trust requires transparency in how ML healthcare models work, rigorous testing to ensure accuracy, and ongoing education for clinicians and patients.

Why choose Acropolium?

Acropolium is a trusted vendor with extensive experience delivering secure, GDPR-compliant software for the healthcare industry. With ISO-certified processes and expertise in serverless solutions, we consistently meet the industry’s highest data protection and reliability standards.

With a clear understanding of the role of machine learning in healthcare, our company continuously explores the technology’s capabilities to breathe success into our client’s projects.

Acropolium Case Studies

From low-code MVP s to comprehensive cloud-based medical systems, we have developed over 23 solutions that have helped our clients from the medical field grow. Here are some of the latest results our clients achieved by embracing machine learning in healthcare with us.

Blockchain-based EHR Software Development

Our client sought to enhance the security and transparency of electronic health records (EHR) using blockchain technology.

Acropolium developed a blockchain-based EHR system, integrating advanced encryption, smart contracts, and a decentralized data storage mechanism:

• A transformative blockchain-based EHR solution was developed under tight deadlines, achieving improved interoperability for seamless integration with existing healthcare systems.
• The enhanced UI/UX boosted adoption rates and user satisfaction while ensuring full compliance with HIPAA regulations.

Cloud-based Bioscience App Development

A bioscience company required a scalable cloud-based solution for big data processing and analysis.

Acropolium created a cloud-based application with AI and ML algorithms designed for processing vast amounts of bioscience data, featuring real-time analytics and a user-friendly interface:

• The project launch time was reduced by 30%, while analysis processing accuracy increased by 40%.
• With the help of well-trained ML healthcare algorithms, the processing time decreased by 38%.

Final Thoughts

Incorporating machine learning in healthcare has become crucial for enhancing clinical operations, drug discovery, patient care, and data management. This technology enables medical institutions to process vast amounts of data more efficiently, improving decision-making and patient experiences.

With 20 years of developing bespoke software for healthcare, e-commerce , hospitality , and many more industries, we strive to transform operations with advanced, data-driven solutions.

Whether you are already starting your AI/ML journey or want to enhance your systems, we offer flexible subscription-based development and consulting services with your budget and goals prioritized.

Now that you know how machine learning is used in healthcare, contact us today — let’s elevate your company’s operations with smart algorithms!

Sources of Information

• AI/ML in Healthcare Report & Forecast 2023 — Morgan Stanley
• Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare Market 2024 — Precedence Research

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What are the top ML use cases in healthcare?

Top healthcare use cases for machine learning include predictive analytics for patient outcomes, personalized medicine, medical imaging diagnostics, and drug discovery acceleration. From the business side, applications focus on hospital operational optimization to improve care delivery and reduce costs.

Can ML improve the drug discovery process?

ML in healthcare is used to accelerate drug discovery by analyzing massive datasets of chemical compounds and predicting interactions, toxicity, and efficacy. Ultimately, it reduces research time and speeds up the development of new medications.

How is ML used in medical imaging and diagnostics?

Ml in medicine and diagnostics enhances medical imaging by detecting patterns in X-rays, MRIs, and CT scans with higher accuracy than traditional methods. The advanced algorithms aid early diagnosis of diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular conditions, and neurological disorders.

How does ML enhance operational efficiency in healthcare facilities?

By employing machine learning in healthcare, medical businesses automate routine administrative tasks, predict patient inflows, and manage hospital resources more effectively. This way, your company can improve scheduling, inventory management, and patient triage workflow.

How can healthcare organizations start implementing ML technologies?

Medical organizations can start implementing machine learning in healthcare operations by assessing their data infrastructure, selecting high-impact use cases, and partnering with tech providers. A decent vendor will ensure regulatory compliance, gradually integrating AI tools into your clinical and operational workflows.

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