connects the hook to the thesis statement
summarizes the overall claim of the paper
» Opening with a Story (Anecdote)
A good way of catching your reader’s attention is by sharing a story that sets up your paper. Sharing a story gives a paper a more personal feel and helps make your reader comfortable.
This example was borrowed from Jack Gannon’s The Week the World Heard Gallaudet (1989):
Astrid Goodstein, a Gallaudet faculty member, entered the beauty salon for her regular appointment, proudly wearing her DPN button. (“I was married to that button that week!” she later confided.) When Sandy, her regular hairdresser, saw the button, he spoke and gestured, “Never! Never! Never!” Offended, Astrid turned around and headed for the door but stopped short of leaving. She decided to keep her appointment, confessing later that at that moment, her sense of principles had lost out to her vanity. Later she realized that her hairdresser had thought she was pushing for a deaf U.S. President. Hook: a specific example or story that interests the reader and introduces the topic.
Transition: connects the hook to the thesis statement
Thesis: summarizes the overall claim of the paper
» Specific Detail Opening
Giving specific details about your subject appeals to your reader’s curiosity and helps establish a visual picture of what your paper is about.
Hands flying, green eyes flashing, and spittle spraying, Jenny howled at her younger sister Emma. People walked by, gawking at the spectacle as Jenny’s grunts emanated through the mall. Emma sucked at her thumb, trying to appear nonchalant. Jenny’s blond hair stood almost on end. Her hands seemed to fly so fast that her signs could barely be understood. Jenny was angry. Very angry. | a specific example or story that interests the reader and introduces the topic. connects the hook to the thesis statement summarizes the overall claim of the paper |
» Open with a Quotation
Another method of writing an introduction is to open with a quotation. This method makes your introduction more interactive and more appealing to your reader.
“People paid more attention to the way I talked than what I said!” exclaimed the woman from Brooklyn, New York, in the movie American Tongues. This young woman’s home dialect interferes with people taking her seriously because they see her as a New Yorker’s cartoonish stereotype. The effects on this woman indicate the widespread judgment that occurs about nonstandard dialects. People around America judge those with nonstandard dialects because of _____________ and _____________. This type of judgment can even cause some to be ashamed of or try to change their language identity.* | a specific example or story that interests the reader and introduces the topic. connects the hook to the thesis statement summarizes the overall claim of the paper |
» Open with an Interesting Statistic
Statistics that grab the reader help to make an effective introduction.
American Sign Language is the second most preferred foreign language in the United States. 50% of all deaf and hard of hearing people use American Sign Language (ASL).* ASL is beginning to be provided by the Foreign Language Departments of many universities and high schools around the nation. The statistics are not accurate. They were invented as an example. | a specific example or story that interests the reader and introduces the topic. connects the hook to the thesis statement summarizes the overall claim of the paper |
» Question Openings
Possibly the easiest opening is one that presents one or more questions to be answered in the paper. This is effective because questions are usually what the reader has in mind when he or she sees your topic.
Is ASL a language? Can ASL be written? Do you have to be born deaf to understand ASL completely? To answer these questions, one must first understand exactly what ASL is. In this paper, I attempt to explain this as well as answer my own questions. | a specific example or story that interests the reader and introduces the topic. connects the hook to the thesis statement summarizes the overall claim of the paper |
Source : *Writing an Introduction for a More Formal Essay. (2012). Retrieved April 25, 2012, from http://flightline.highline.edu/wswyt/Writing91/handouts/hook_trans_thesis.htm
The conclusion to any paper is the final impression that can be made. It is the last opportunity to get your point across to the reader and leave the reader feeling as if they learned something. Leaving a paper “dangling” without a proper conclusion can seriously devalue what was said in the body itself. Here are a few effective ways to conclude or close your paper. » Summary Closing Many times conclusions are simple re-statements of the thesis. Many times these conclusions are much like their introductions (see Thesis Statement Opening).
Because of a charter signed by President Abraham Lincoln and because of the work of two men, Amos Kendall and Edward Miner Gallaudet, Gallaudet University is what it is today – the place where people from all over the world can find information about deafness and deaf education. Gallaudet and the deaf community truly owe these three men for without them, we might still be “deaf and dumb.” |
» Close with a Logical Conclusion
This is a good closing for argumentative or opinion papers that present two or more sides of an issue. The conclusion drawn as a result of the research is presented here in the final paragraphs.
As one can see from reading the information presented, mainstreaming deaf students isn’t always as effective as educating them in a segregated classroom. Deaf students learn better on a more one-on-one basis like they can find in a school or program specially designed for them. Mainstreaming lacks such a design; deaf students get lost in the mainstream. |
» Real or Rhetorical Question Closings
This method of concluding a paper is one step short of giving a logical conclusion. Rather than handing the conclusion over, you can leave the reader with a question that causes him or her to draw his own conclusions.
Why, then, are schools for the deaf becoming a dying species? |
» Close with a Speculation or Opinion This is a good style for instances when the writer was unable to come up with an answer or a clear decision about whatever it was he or she was researching. For example:
Through all of my research, all of the people I interviewed, all of the institutions I visited, not one person could give me a clear-cut answer to my question. Can all deaf people be educated in the same manner? I couldn’t find the “right” answer. I hope you, the reader, will have better luck. |
» Close with a Recommendation
A good conclusion is when the writer suggests that the reader do something in the way of support for a cause or a plea for them to take action.
American Sign Language is a fast growing language in America. More and more universities and colleges are offering it as part of their curriculum and some are even requiring it as part of their program. This writer suggests that anyone who has a chance to learn this beautiful language should grab that opportunity. |
202-448-7036
Gallaudet University, chartered in 1864, is a private university for deaf and hard of hearing students.
Copyright © 2024 Gallaudet University. All rights reserved.
800 Florida Avenue NE, Washington, D.C. 20002
Just as we introduce ourselves when meeting new people for the first time, so must a writer introduce his/her topic. A writer must imagine that readers are at least somewhat unfamiliar with the topic. Furthermore, the writer should assume that readers are not necessarily interested in the topic. Therefore, it is a writer’s job to present the topic in a way that is intriguing and insightful. Failing to do so might mean that readers choose not to continue reading a text and/or that they read it without a proper understanding of what is being discussed.
Summarized Explanation
Detailed Explanation
A “hook” should be used to grab the audience’s attention as they begin reading the text. A hook might involve a relevant quotation, an interesting fact, an amusing anecdote, a hypothetical scenario, or possibly a thought-provoking question related to the topic. The type of hook and its length will depend on the writing situation, but the purpose of any hook is to reel in the readers so that they want to read more.
| After the hook, relevant background information should be presented. The background information helps the audience understand the significance of the topic. A writer must provide any pertinent contextual information about the topic that readers should know. And if the topic is debatable, then it is important to provide a brief synopsis of its controversial nature. The type of background information and its length will depend on the writing situation, but the purpose of background information is to ensure that readers have a proper understanding of the topic in general.
| After the background information, at the very end of the introductory paragraph, a thesis statement ought to appear. The thesis statement is the last yet most important element of an introductory paragraph. The thesis statement presents a writer’s overall position on the topic and forecasts the key ideas that will be addressed in the text. Please see the related writing guide about . |
Hypothetical Writing Prompt #1: Explain why introductory paragraphs should include a hook, background information, and thesis statement.
Color-coding key:
Meeting someone for the first time without a proper introduction can be awkward. Likewise, a text without an introductory paragraph leaves a lot to be desired. The introduction is the first thing that readers see in a text. It should grab their attention and provide necessary context for the topic that will be discussed. It might also provide relevant research to present an overview of the topic. Additionally, an introduction must present the author's claim about the topic and the specific reasons that will be analyzed in the text. Thus, it serves some very important functions by engaging, informing, and guiding readers. To accomplish these goals, writers should begin texts with an introductory paragraph that includes an effective hook, background information, and thesis statement.
*The rest of the text would include three well-developed body paragraphs that address each key idea from the thesis statement:
Hypothetical Writing Prompt #2: Explain whether the previous introductory paragraph is effective.
They say that beauty is in the eye of the beholder. This adage is true, but not everything is relative. For example, in the world of writing, texts can take many forms, and writers have a lot of creative freedom. That said, there are some basic frameworks that should be employed for most writing forms—for instance, the tried-and-true template for an introductory paragraph. The classic template for an introduction typically begins by trying to increase the audience's interest in the topic. It then usually continues by offering relevant contextual information for the topic so that readers can have a foundation on which to build. And lastly, the introduction should ideally present the writer's main argument and key ideas that will be explored. Together, these three elements form a cohesive, comprehensive introduction. Considering this, the previous introductory paragraph is quite effective because it includes a strong hook, background information, and thesis statement.
Students who have enrolled in dissertation or thesis credits will prepare a manuscript to publish through ProQuest/UMI Dissertation Publishing. You own and retain the copyright to your manuscript. The Graduate School collects the manuscript via electronic submissions only. All manuscripts are made available through ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database (PQDT), in ProQuest/UMI’s Dissertation Abstracts International, and through the University’s institutional repository, ScholarWorks.
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Assemble pages in the following order:
No page number on this page. Although not required, we strongly recommend you insert a copyright notice in your manuscript following the title page. Essential components of the copyright notice include the copyright symbol, full legal name of the author, and year of first publication. Follow the format of the sample provided below.
(Lower case Roman numeral “i” page number)
Abstracts are required for all theses and dissertations. ProQuest no longer has a word limit on the abstract, “as this constrains your ability to describe your research in a section that is accessible to search engines, and therefore would constrain potential exposure of your work.” ProQuest does publish print indices that include citations and abstracts of all dissertations and theses published by ProQuest/UMI. These print indices require word limits of 350 words for doctoral dissertations and 150 words for master’s theses (only text will be included in the abstract). You may wish to limit the length of your abstract if this concerns you. The abstracts as you submit them will NOT be altered in your published manuscript.
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These guidelines apply to those theses or dissertations which consist of a number of papers either previously published or being published concurrently with the submission of the thesis or dissertation. Acceptance and publication of the articles are not criteria for this alternative. Each of the papers should constitute a separate chapter of the overall work. Preceding the papers should be an introductory section. This section may be one or more chapters but should include:
The student’s advisory committee should determine the format and specific content of this introductory section.
The number of individual papers constituting chapters of the thesis/dissertation is determined by the student’s advisory committee. These chapters may be formatted in the same style required by the journals to which they are to be submitted. However, the margins must conform to those of the overall thesis, i.e. left margin = 1.5"; right margin = 1"; top margin = 1"; bottom margin = 1.25". In addition, each page must be numbered consistent with the rest of the thesis/dissertation, that is, the first page of text is numbered 1 with each subsequent page numbered consecutively until the end, to include all appendices, indexes, etc.
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I'm upgrading GOOG to "Buy" today.
My coverage of Alphabet Inc. ( NASDAQ: GOOGL ) ( NASDAQ: GOOG ) ( NEOE: GOOG:CA ) stock was initiated here on Seeking Alpha back in November 2022. I initially had issued a neutral rating, and for the past 5 articles, I maintained it, pointing out that Google's launch of Gemini, a large language model for AI applications, should challenge Microsoft's ( MSFT ) " AI monopoly " and could boost Google's projected EPS figures in the medium term, but the valuation seemed too hot for me to touch.
Since my last update on Google, the stock price has cooled significantly and has underperformed the broad market many times over:
Seeking Alpha, the author's coverage of GOOG stock
Despite the current market pessimism regarding Google's potential return on investment from its increased AI-related capital expenditure, I believe the stock is already attractive at its current levels. Although GOOG could fall further, I think investors might consider initiating a starter position. Therefore, I'm upgrading GOOG from "Hold" to "Buy".
First off, let me address the primary factors likely driving Google's stock downward at the moment. I see two main reasons: 1) the ongoing antitrust case and 2) concerns about Google's return on investment from its AI-related capital expenditures.
On January 24, 2023, the US DOJ brought an antitrust suit against Google accusing the firm for illegally monopolizing the advertising technology (adtech) market "in violation of sections 1 and 2 of the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890." As Seeking Alpha recently reported, a victory for DOJ would "set the stage for them to ask U.S. District Judge Leonie Brinkema to order a breakup of the company", which is a huge risk for shareholders, as you can imagine.
The company is expected to appear for the trial next week, but some analysts have already calculated the potential financial impact Google could receive after the trial. Here's a quote of analysts from J.P. Morgan (proprietary source) I found:
We think the judge could require additional remedies to increase competition in the general search and text ad markets, such as Google providing patents or data for competitors to train on, though privacy should be a concern. While there is a wide range of outcomes across multiple variables, based on our scenario & sensitivity analysis we now believe Google is most likely to see up to 10% negative impact on its EPS, w/further (though less likely) downside scenario to 20% negative impact.
But they add that the in the base case scenario, the net negative impact on EPS for FY2026 would be in the range of 3-7%:
If we assume Google loses 10% share across Apple, third-party browsers, Android, & Chrome, and the TAC paid to Apple decreases by 10%, Google could see a 3% headwind to its 2026E GAAP EPS if changes apply only in the US and a 7% headwind if changes apply worldwide. In a further downside scenario in which Google could lose 25% share across distribution partners, EPS headwind could be 9%-21%.
The net impact of 3-7% on earnings per share in 2 years is not a particularly strong shock in my opinion, which may explain the off-high of already over 20% that we see in GOOG stock:
Another concern is the growing opinion that the massive investments the company has planned for the coming years in developing solutions to grow its business may ultimately prove unprofitable, making the stock overpriced as of today.
Librarian Capital, shared on X
The overvaluation was the primary reason for my downgrade a few months ago. I will revisit this point shortly, but for now, let's examine how the company performed in its most recent financial quarter.
App Economy, publicly shared on X
Having made over $84.7 billion in sales and generated $1.89 in earnings per share in Q2 FY2024 , Google marginally beat the consensus forecasts last quarter - by 0.53% and 2.54%, respectively ( Seeking Alpha Premium data ).
Seeking Alpha, GOOGL
As you could see from App Economy's chart above, Google's advertising revenue, which is the primary income source for the firm, increased by 11% YoY to $64.6 billion, driven by 13.8% YoY growth in Search advertising and 13% YoY growth in YouTube ads (largely fueled by the retail sector). Google Cloud also showed robust performance with a 29% YoY revenue growth, slightly accelerating from previous quarters. The EBIT from this particular segment amounted to $1.2 billion. It's still the third-largest cloud provider in the world by market share (~11% of total), but its expansion is going quite strong actually even amid peers like Microsoft's ( MSFT ) Azure and Amazon's ( AMZN ) AWS, which is good:
What also looked good in Q2 was the firm's cost control: the total cost of revenue rose by 8.6% YoY while EBIT surged by 25.6% to $27.4 billion, leading to the operating margin expansion to 32.4% (by 310 b.p.). Traffic acquisition costs rose by 7%, with the TAC margin narrowing by 80 basis points to 21%. The Other Bets segment, including ventures like Google Fiber and Waymo, reported a larger operating loss compared to the previous year, but their weight in Google's revenue structure was as always minimal.
Alphabet's strategic focus on AI was highlighted during the recent earnings call for Q2 , where the management noted that Google's AI initiatives are now being utilized by >2 million developers worldwide, while Gemini AI model is now integrated into various Google products, "enhancing user experiences and engagement."
Indeed, Google is investing heavily in its technical infrastructure, with a reported $13 billion in CAPEX for Q2 alone (primarily for servers and data centers) and plans to maintain or exceed this level of investment throughout the year. I generally agree with the skeptics that this level of investment significantly impacts the company's chances of good ROIs, because it's not just Google making such substantial investments - this is the cost of competitive struggle. However, without these investments, the company will certainly be unable to compete on equal footing with Microsoft, Amazon, and other tech giants in the long term. Maintaining its competitive edge is indeed a challenging task.
In my opinion, we can't simply conclude that Google is in a difficult period and that its capital investments may not be justified, leading us to avoid buying the stock. I believe the situation should be assessed differently, focusing on how the company's prospects will mathematically develop over the next few years, considering current uncertainties, risks, and opportunities. Therefore, I propose updating my DCF valuation model from the last quarter with new input data to see how the previous overvaluation I mentioned has changed.
The market currently projects that the company's revenue will grow at a CAGR of ~8.3% over the next 5 years (i.e. until FY2028). I will adopt this consensus as my baseline assumption:
Seeking Alpha Premium, GOOG, notes added
Last time I built the model I projected that Google's EBIT margin would be between 35% and 36% in the coming years: Specifically, I projected it'd reach 36% in FY2027 and 37% in FY2028. This time, taking into account the antitrust trial risks, I'll assume that the company's margins will decline to 31% in FY2026. In FY2027, they will begin to gradually recover to 32%, and by FY2028, it'll reach 33%. This is below today's consensus, based on the free cash flow data I have.
I'll also assume that the company's cost of debt is only 4%, meaning the bonds it issues today would trade at a relatively narrow spread to the risk-free rate, as they have historically. With the current risk-free rate of just 3.56% and a market risk premium (MRP) of 5%, I get a weighted average cost of capital of ~8.7%, which is 50 basis points lower than it was 3 months ago.
Despite its dip over the past few weeks, Google stock is currently trading at a 29x EV/FCF multiple, while the average over the past 10 years is about 25.3x. I assume that by 2028, as the company's revenue growth rate declines, Google will trade at a 26-27x multiple - this reflects a natural erosion of valuation multiples, but share buybacks and the company's existing moat should theoretically support at least some premium to the historical norm.
Given all the input data, I conclude that Google is approximately fairly valued today:
However, when I look at the company's comparative valuation (through multiples), I find that today's P/E, when considering forward EPS, actually indicates an undervaluation of ~25%, suggesting a growth potential in today's valuation relative to the historical average (assuming the current consensus forecast for net profit is accurate).
As far as technical analysis is concerned, this is how I see it. First , the recent price decline has taken Google to its 52-week moving average, a level not reached even during the decline earlier this year. This coincides with relatively weak historical seasonality, as Google has posted positive returns in September only 30% of the time over the past 11 years. However, this represents a potential buying opportunity for investors as seasonality improves immediately after September and the long-term weekly trend remains intact.
TrendSpider Software, GOOGL stock weekly, the author's notes
Second , one of the worst-case scenarios for Google right now is the potential testing of the price gap that formed after the earnings report earlier in the year. However, I believe that as the price approaches this level, we'll see strong buying pressure that may serve as sufficient confirmation that the current correction is over.
So based on all of the above, I decide to cautiously upgrade GOOG to "Buy" again, as I anticipate that most of the existing risks are already in the price.
First of all, let me explain why I'm "cautiously" raising my rating.
I'm genuinely concerned about investors who purchased Google a few weeks ago, before the recent dip, as there's a risk that the price may not return to those levels for many months. This is particularly true if the ongoing legal litigation continues and results in outcomes more significant than analysts currently anticipate. If Google is forced to sell some parts of its consolidated business, it'd be a very serious blow to its ability to generate value for shareholders, in my view. This is a significant risk that cannot be overlooked.
Another risk to my current upgrade is the high level of competition. As you can understand, the intrinsic value of Google's stock today is tied to several key components. Google's growth story, its advancements in AI (the monetization of AI), can't be separated from its cloud business. In this area, Google faces competition from numerous technologically advanced peers. Additionally, while Google Search generates the largest share of the company's revenue and is largely a monopolist in its market, it still faces competition: Many people I know are already using ChatGPT to test hypotheses and solve minor problems instead of Google search engine, as it often provides more practical answers for them. If Microsoft and other competitors manage to outperform Google's innovative achievements and provide greater value to users, this could pose a significant challenge to Google's return on investments it expects to continue to increase.
There's also a risk that I might misinterpret the current chart patterns. If we shift our focus from the weekly chart to the daily chart and change the 52-week moving average for a 200-day moving average, we'll see a concerning picture: The price closing below its long-term SMA could theoretically signal the end of the uptrend.
TrendSpider Software, GOOGL stock daily, the author's notes
Despite the obvious risks that keep putting significant pressure on Google today, I still believe that the likelihood of the company being forced to split up to comply with antitrust laws is greatly exaggerated. I generally agree with the analysis provided by JPM in their recent report, which focuses on negative impacts of only 3% to 7% to FY2026 EPS. So that's why I don't foresee a collapse or significant deterioration in the company's business. From what we observed in Q2 FY2024, things are progressing well. Yes, the company has more than doubled its CAPEX because of AI spending and continues to increase it, with substantial expenses planned. However, these investments should ultimately bear fruit, as failing to make them would certainly mean losing the innovation race.
Even if we anticipate a drop in margins, as I did in my updated DCF financial model, the stock would turn out to be already fairly valued today, while based on valuation multiples, it may be even undervalued by about 25%. Therefore, I believe it's now reasonable to consider Google stock for a long-term or medium-term purchase; perhaps not full position at once, but gradually.
Thank you for reading!
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This article was written by
Analyst’s Disclosure: I/we have no stock, option or similar derivative position in any of the companies mentioned, but may initiate a beneficial Long position through a purchase of the stock, or the purchase of call options or similar derivatives in GOOG over the next 72 hours. I wrote this article myself, and it expresses my own opinions. I am not receiving compensation for it (other than from Seeking Alpha). I have no business relationship with any company whose stock is mentioned in this article.
Seeking Alpha's Disclosure: Past performance is no guarantee of future results. No recommendation or advice is being given as to whether any investment is suitable for a particular investor. Any views or opinions expressed above may not reflect those of Seeking Alpha as a whole. Seeking Alpha is not a licensed securities dealer, broker or US investment adviser or investment bank. Our analysts are third party authors that include both professional investors and individual investors who may not be licensed or certified by any institute or regulatory body.
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Published on June 7, 2022 by Tegan George . Revised on November 21, 2023.
A thesis or dissertation outline is one of the most critical early steps in your writing process . It helps you to lay out and organize your ideas and can provide you with a roadmap for deciding the specifics of your dissertation topic and showcasing its relevance to your field.
Generally, an outline contains information on the different sections included in your thesis or dissertation , such as:
In the final product, you can also provide a chapter outline for your readers. This is a short paragraph at the end of your introduction to inform readers about the organizational structure of your thesis or dissertation. This chapter outline is also known as a reading guide or summary outline.
How to outline your thesis or dissertation, dissertation and thesis outline templates, chapter outline example, sample sentences for your chapter outline, sample verbs for variation in your chapter outline, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about thesis and dissertation outlines.
While there are some inter-institutional differences, many outlines proceed in a fairly similar fashion.
For a more detailed overview of chapters and other elements, be sure to check out our article on the structure of a dissertation or download our template .
To help you get started, we’ve created a full thesis or dissertation template in Word or Google Docs format. It’s easy adapt it to your own requirements.
Download Word template Download Google Docs template
It can be easy to fall into a pattern of overusing the same words or sentence constructions, which can make your work monotonous and repetitive for your readers. Consider utilizing some of the alternative constructions presented below.
The passive voice is a common choice for outlines and overviews because the context makes it clear who is carrying out the action (e.g., you are conducting the research ). However, overuse of the passive voice can make your text vague and imprecise.
You can also present your information using the “IS-AV” (inanimate subject with an active verb ) construction.
A chapter is an inanimate object, so it is not capable of taking an action itself (e.g., presenting or discussing). However, the meaning of the sentence is still easily understandable, so the IS-AV construction can be a good way to add variety to your text.
Another option is to use the “I” construction, which is often recommended by style manuals (e.g., APA Style and Chicago style ). However, depending on your field of study, this construction is not always considered professional or academic. Ask your supervisor if you’re not sure.
To truly make the most of these options, consider mixing and matching the passive voice , IS-AV construction , and “I” construction .This can help the flow of your argument and improve the readability of your text.
As you draft the chapter outline, you may also find yourself frequently repeating the same words, such as “discuss,” “present,” “prove,” or “show.” Consider branching out to add richness and nuance to your writing. Here are some examples of synonyms you can use.
Address | Describe | Imply | Refute |
Argue | Determine | Indicate | Report |
Claim | Emphasize | Mention | Reveal |
Clarify | Examine | Point out | Speculate |
Compare | Explain | Posit | Summarize |
Concern | Formulate | Present | Target |
Counter | Focus on | Propose | Treat |
Define | Give | Provide insight into | Underpin |
Demonstrate | Highlight | Recommend | Use |
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When you mention different chapters within your text, it’s considered best to use Roman numerals for most citation styles. However, the most important thing here is to remain consistent whenever using numbers in your dissertation .
The title page of your thesis or dissertation goes first, before all other content or lists that you may choose to include.
A thesis or dissertation outline is one of the most critical first steps in your writing process. It helps you to lay out and organize your ideas and can provide you with a roadmap for deciding what kind of research you’d like to undertake.
If you want to cite this source, you can copy and paste the citation or click the “Cite this Scribbr article” button to automatically add the citation to our free Citation Generator.
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How to Write a Thesis or Dissertation Introduction
The thesis introduction, usually chapter 1, is one of the most important chapters of a thesis. It sets the scene. It previews key arguments and findings. And it helps the reader to understand the structure of the thesis. In short, a lot is riding on this first chapter. With the following tips, you can write a powerful thesis introduction.
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How to Write a Thesis Statement | 4 Steps & Examples
An example of a thesis statement in an introduction could be: "This thesis examines how social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and X (formerly Twitter) have reshaped how individuals interact and form relationships in the digital age, with an emphasis on interpersonal communication."Clearly state the main focus and purpose of your research and provide a roadmap for the reader to ...
Introduction, Thesis, and Conclusion - Writing Resources
What Is a Thesis? | Ultimate Guide & Examples
Introductions The introduction to an academic essay will generally present an analytical question or problem and then offer an answer to that question (the thesis). Your introduction is also your opportunity to explain to your readers what your essay is about and why they should be interested in reading it. You don't have to "hook" your
Thesis | Harvard College Writing Center
How To Write A Dissertation Introduction Chapter
A thesis is an in-depth research study that identifies a particular topic of inquiry and presents a clear argument or perspective about that topic using evidence and logic. Writing a thesis showcases your ability of critical thinking, gathering evidence, and making a compelling argument. Integral to these competencies is thorough research ...
Elements of an Intro Paragraph. A strong introductory paragraph sets the stage for the essay by providing: •a hookto lure the reader in •context to explain what book, text, or theory will be used to further discuss this topic •and a thesisto make your argument. Using a Hook.
Introduction and conclusion thesis chapters
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The PhD. thesis introduction should be between 8000 to 10000 words long. On the other hand, a Masters thesis introduction word count should be between 1500 to 2000. However, the thesis introduction length might be extended if the writer incorporates photos, diagrams, and explanations. Thesis Introduction Outline
Guide to Writing Introductions and Conclusions
Essay Introduction | Example & Format - Lesson
The thesis statement is the last yet most important element of an introductory paragraph. The thesis statement presents a writer's overall position on the topic and forecasts the key ideas that will be addressed in the text. Please see the related writing guide about Thesis Statements.
Thesis Generator
Writing a Research Paper Introduction | Step-by-Step Guide
Students who have enrolled in dissertation or thesis credits will prepare a manuscript to publish through ProQuest/UMI Dissertation Publishing. You own and retain the copyright to your manuscript. The Graduate School collects the manuscript via electronic submissions only. All manuscripts are made ...
da-kuk. Intro & Thesis. My coverage of Alphabet Inc. (NASDAQ:GOOGL) (NASDAQ:GOOG) (NEOE:GOOG:CA) stock was initiated here on Seeking Alpha back in November 2022.I initially had issued a neutral ...
Dissertation & Thesis Outline | Example & Free Templates