topics for electronics thesis

Electronics Research Paper Topics

This list of electronics research paper topics provides the list of 30 potential topics for research papers and an overview article on the history of electronics.

1. Applications of Superconductivity

The 1986 Applied Superconductivity Conference proclaimed, ‘‘Applied superconductivity has come of age.’’ The claim reflected only 25 years of development, but was justifiable due to significant worldwide interest and investment. For example, the 1976 annual budget for superconducting systems exceeded $30 million in the U.S., with similar efforts in Europe and Japan. By 1986 the technology had matured impressively into applications for the energy industry, the military, transportation, high-energy physics, electronics, and medicine. The announcement of high-temperature superconductivity just two months later brought about a new round of dramatic developments.

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As the twenty-first century began, an array of superconducting applications in high-speed electronics, medical imaging, levitated transportation, and electric power systems are either having, or will soon have, an impact on the daily life of millions. Surprisingly, at the beginning of the twentieth century, the discovery of superconductivity was completely unanticipated and unimagined.

In 1911, three years after liquefying helium, H. Kammerlingh Onnes of the University of Leiden discovered superconductivity while investigating the temperature-dependent resistance of metals below 4.2Kelvin. Later reporting on experiments conducted in 1911, he described the disappearance of the resistance of mercury, stating, ‘‘Within some hundredths of a degree came a sudden fall, not foreseen [by existing theories of resistance]. Mercury has passed into a new state, which . . . may be called the superconductive state.’’

3. Electric Motors

The main types of electric motors that drove twentieth century technology were developed toward the end of the nineteenth century, with direct current (DC) motors being introduced before alternating current (AC) ones. Most important initially was the ‘‘series’’ DC motor, used in electric trolleys and trains from the 1880s onward. The series motor exerts maximum torque on starting and then accelerates to its full running speed, the ideal characteristic for traction work. Where speed control independent of the load is required in such applications as crane and lift drives, the ‘‘shunt’’ DC motor is more suitable.

4. Electronic Calculators

The electronic calculator is usually inexpensive and pocket-sized, using solar cells for its power and having a gray liquid crystal display (LCD) to show the numbers. Depending on the sophistication, the calculator might simply perform the basic mathematical functions (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) or might include scientific functions (square, log, trig). For a slightly higher cost, the calculator will probably include programmable scientific and business functions. At the end of the twentieth century, the electronic calculator was as commonplace as a screwdriver and helped people deal with all types of mathematics on an everyday basis. Its birth and growth were early steps on the road to today’s world of computing.

5. Electronic Communications

The broad use of digital electronic message communications in most societies by the end of the 20th century can be attributed to a myriad of reasons. Diffusion was incremental and evolutionary. Digital communication technology was seeded by large-scale funding for military projects that broke technological ground, however social needs and use drove systems in unexpected ways and made it popular because these needs were embraced. Key technological developments happened long before diffusion into society, and it was only after popularity of the personal computer that global and widespread use became commonplace. The Internet was an important medium in this regard, however the popular uses of it were well established long before its success. Collaborative developments with open, mutually agreed standards were key factors in broader diffusion of the low-level transmission of digital data, and provided resistance to technological lock-in by any commercial player. By the twenty-first century, the concept of interpersonal electronic messaging was accepted as normal and taken for granted by millions around the world, where infrastructural and political freedoms permitted. As a result, traditional lines of information control and mass broadcasting were challenged, although it remains to be seen what, if any, long-term impact this will have on society.

6. Electronic Control Technology

The advancement of electrical engineering in the twentieth century made a fundamental change in control technology. New electronic devices including vacuum tubes (valves) and transistors were used to replace electromechanical elements in conventional controllers and to develop new types of controllers. In these practices, engineers discovered basic principles of control theory that could be further applied to design electronic control systems.

7. Fax Machine

Fax technology was especially useful for international commercial communication, which was traditionally the realm of the Telex machine, which only relayed Western alpha-numeric content. A fax machine could transmit a page of information regardless of what information it contained, and this led to rapid and widespread adoption in developing Asian countries during the 1980s. With the proliferation of the Internet and electronic e-mail in the last decade of the twentieth century, fax technology became less used for correspondence. At the close of the 20th century, the fax machine was still widely used internationally for the transmission of documents of all forms, with the ‘‘hard copy’’ aspect giving many a sense of permanence that other electronic communication lacked.

8. Hall Effect Devices

The ‘‘Hall effect,’’ discovered in 1879 by American physicist Edwin H. Hall, is the electrical potential produced when a magnetic field is perpendicular to a conductor or semiconductor that is carrying current. This potential is a product of the buildup of charges in that conductor. The magnetic field makes a transverse force on the charge carriers, resulting in the charge being moved to one of the sides of the conductor. Between the sides of the conductor, measurable voltage is yielded from the interaction and balancing of the polarized charge and the magnetic influence.

Hall effect devices are commonly used as magnetic field sensors, or alternatively if a known magnetic field is applied, the sensor can be used to measure the current in a conductor, without actually plugging into it (‘‘contactless potentiometers’’). Hall sensors can also be used as magnetically controlled switches, and as a contactless method of detecting rotation and position, sensing ferrous objects.

9. Infrared Detectors

Infrared detectors rely on the change of a physical characteristic to sense illumination by infrared radiation (i.e., radiation having a wavelength longer than that of visible light). The origins of such detectors lie in the nineteenth century, although their development, variety and applications exploded during the twentieth century. William Herschel (c. 1800) employed a thermometer to detect this ‘‘radiant heat’’; Macedonio Melloni, (c. 1850) invented the ‘‘thermochrose’’ to display spatial differences of irradiation as color patterns on a temperature-sensitive surface; and in 1882 William Abney found that photographic film could be sensitized to respond to wavelengths beyond the red end of the spectrum. Most infrared detectors, however, convert infrared radiation into an electrical signal via a variety of physical effects. Here, too, 19th century innovations continued in use well into the 21st century.

10. Integrated Circuits Design and Use

Integrated circuits (ICs) are electronic devices designed to integrate a large number of microscopic electronic components, normally connected by wires in circuits, within the same substrate material. According to the American engineer Jack S. Kilby, they are the realization of the so-called ‘‘monolithic idea’’: building an entire circuit out of silicon or germanium. ICs are made out of these materials because of their properties as semiconductors— materials that have a degree of electrical conductivity between that of a conductor such as metal and that of an insulator (having almost no conductivity at low temperatures). A piece of silicon containing one circuit is called a die or chip. Thus, ICs are known also as microchips. Advances in semiconductor technology in the 1960s (the miniaturization revolution) meant that the number of transistors on a single chip doubled every two years, and led to lowered microprocessor costs and the introduction of consumer products such as handheld calculators.

11. Integrated Circuits Fabrication

The fabrication of integrated circuits (ICs) is a complicated process that consists primarily of the transfer of a circuit design onto a piece of silicon (the silicon wafer). Using a photolithographic technique, the areas of the silicon wafer to be imprinted with electric circuitry are covered with glass plates (photomasks), irradiated with ultraviolet light, and treated with chemicals in order to shape a circuit’s pattern. On the whole, IC manufacture consists of four main stages:

• Preparation of a design
• Preparation of photomasks and silicon wafers
• Testing and packaging

Preparing an IC design consists of drafting the circuit’s electronic functions within the silicon board. This process has radically changed over the years due to the increasing complexity of design and the number of electronic components contained within the same IC. For example, in 1971, the Intel 4004 microprocessor was designed by just three engineers, while in the 1990s the Intel Pentium was designed by a team of 100 engineers. Moreover, the early designs were produced with traditional drafting techniques, while from the late 1970s onward the introduction of computer-aided design (CAD) techniques completely changed the design stage. Computers are used to check the design and simulate the operations of perspective ICs in order to optimize their performance. Thus, the IC drafted design can be modified up to 400 times before going into production.

12. Josephson Junction Devices

One of the most important implications of quantum physics is the existence of so-called tunneling phenomena in which elementary particles are able to cross an energy barrier on subatomic scales that it would not be possible for them to traverse were they subject to the laws of classical mechanics. In 1973 the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Brian Josephson, Ivan Giaever and Leo Esaki for their work in this field. Josephson’s contribution consisted of a number of important theoretical predictions made while a doctoral student at Cambridge University. His work was confirmed experimentally within a year of its publication in 1961, and practical applications were commercialized within ten years.

13. Laser Applications

Lasers are employed in virtually every sector of the modern world including industry, commerce, transportation, medicine, education, science, and in many consumer devices such as CD players and laser printers. The intensity of lasers makes them ideal cutting tools since their highly focused beam cuts more accurately than machined instruments and leaves surrounding materials unaffected. Surgeons, for example, have employed carbon dioxide or argon lasers in soft tissue surgery since the early 1970s. These lasers produce infrared wavelengths of energy that are absorbed by water. Water in tissues is rapidly heated and vaporized, resulting in disintegration of the tissue. Visible wavelengths (argon ion laser) coagulate tissue. Far-ultraviolet wavelengths (higher photon energy, as produced by excimer lasers) break down molecular bonds in target tissue and ‘‘ablate’’ tissue without heating. Excimer lasers have been used in corneal surgery since 1984. Short pulses only affect the surface area of interest and not deeper tissues. The extremely small size of the beam, coupled with optical fibers, enables today’s surgeons to conduct surgery deep inside the human body often without a single cut on the exterior. Blue lasers, developed in 1994 by Shuji Nakamura of Nichia Chemical Industries of Japan, promise even more precision than the dominant red lasers currently used and will further revolutionize surgical cutting techniques.

14. Laser Theory and Operation

Lasers (an acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation) provide intense, focused beams of light whose unique properties enable them to be employed in a wide range of applications in the modern world. The key idea underlying lasers originated with Albert Einstein who published a paper in 1916 on Planck’s distribution law, within which he described what happens when additional energy is introduced into an atom. Atoms have a heavy and positively charged nucleus surrounded by groups of extremely light and negatively charged electrons. Electrons orbit the atom in a series of ‘‘fixed’’ levels based upon the degree of electromagnetic attraction between each single electron and the nucleus. Various orbital levels also represent different energy levels. Normally electrons remain as close to the nucleus as their energy level permits, with the consequence that an atom’s overall energy level is minimized. Einstein realized that when energy is introduced to an atom; for example, through an atomic collision or through electrical stimulation, one or more electrons become excited and move to a higher energy level. This condition exists temporarily before the electron returns to its former energy level. When this decay phenomenon occurs, a photon of light is emitted. Einstein understood that since the energy transitions within the atom are always identical, the energy and the wavelength of the stimulated photon of light are also predictable; that is, a specific type of transition within an atom will yield a photon of light of a specific wavelength. Hendrick Kramers and Werner Heisenberg obtained a series of more extensive calculations of the effects of these stimulated emissions over the next decade. The first empirical evidence supporting these theoretical calculations occurred between 1926 and 1930 in a series of experiments involving electrical discharges in neon.

15. Lasers in Optoelectronics

Optoelectronics, the field combining optics and electronics, is dependent on semiconductor (diode) lasers for its existence. Mass use of semiconductor lasers has emerged with the advent of CD and DVD technologies, but it is the telecommunications sector that has primarily driven the development of lasers for optoelectronic systems. Lasers are used to transmit voice, data, or video signals down fiber-optic cables.

While the success of lasers within telecommunication systems seems unquestioned thanks to their utility in long-distance large-capacity, point-to-point links, these lasers also find use in many other applications and are ubiquitous in the developed world. Their small physical size, low power operation, ease of modulation (via simple input current variation) and small beam size mean that these lasers are now part of our everyday world, from CDs and DVDs, to supermarket checkouts and cosmetic medicine.

16. Light Emitting Diodes

Light emitting diodes, or LEDs, are semiconductor devices that emit monochromatic light once an electric current passes through it. The color of light emitted from LEDs depends not on the color of the bulb, but on the emission’s wavelength. Typically made of inorganic materials like gallium or silicon, LEDs have found frequent use as ‘‘pilot,’’ or indicator, lights for electronic devices. Unlike incandescent light bulbs, which generate light from ‘‘heat glow,’’ LEDs create light more efficiently and are generally more durable than traditional light sources.

17. Lighting Techniques

In 1900 electric lighting in the home was a rarity. Carbon filament incandescent lamps had been around for 20 years, but few households had electricity. Arc lamps were used in streets and large buildings such as railway stations. Domestic lighting was by candle, oil and gas.

The stages of the lightning techniques evolution are the following:

• Non-Electric Lighting
• Electric Lighting: Filament Lamps
• Electric Lighting: Discharge Lamps
• Electric Lighting: Fluorescent Lamps
• Electric Lighting: LED Lamps

18. Mechanical and Electromechanical Calculators

The widespread use of calculating devices in the twentieth century is intimately linked to the rise of large corporations and to the increasing role of mathematical calculation in science and engineering. In the business setting, calculators were used to efficiently process financial information. In science and engineering, calculators speeded up routine calculations. The manufacture and sale of calculators was a widespread industry, with major firms in most industrialized nations. However, the manufacture of mechanical calculators declined very rapidly in the 1970s with the introduction of electronic calculators, and firms either diversified into other product lines or went out of business. By the end of the twentieth century, slide rules, adding machines, and other mechanical calculators were no longer being manufactured.

19. Mobile (Cell) Telephones

In the last two decades of the twentieth century, mobile or cell phones developed from a minority communication tool, characterized by its prevalence in the 1980s among young professionals, to a pervasive cultural object. In many developed countries, more than three quarters of the population owned a cell phone by the end of the 20th century.

Cell phone technology is a highly evolved form of the personal radio systems used by truck drivers (citizens band, or CB, radio) and police forces in which receiver/transmitter units communicate with one another or a base antenna. Such systems work adequately over short distances with a low volume of traffic but cannot be expanded to cope with mass communication due to the limited space (bandwidth) available in the electromagnetic spectrum. Transmitting and receiving on one frequency, they allow for talking or listening but not both simultaneously.

For mobile radio systems to make the step up to effective telephony, a large number of two-way conversations needed to be accommodated, requiring a duplex channel (two separate frequencies, taking up double the bandwidth). In order to establish national mobile phone networks without limiting capacity or the range of travel of handsets, a number of technological improvements had to occur.

20. Photocopiers

The photocopier, copier, or copying machine, as it is variously known, is a staple of modern life. Copies by the billions are produced not only in the office but also on machines available to the public in libraries, copy shops, stationery stores, supermarkets, and a wide variety of other commercial facilities. Modern xerographic copiers, produced by a number of manufacturers, are available as desktop models suitable for the home as well as the small office. Many modern copiers reproduce in color as well as black and white, and office models can rival printing presses in speed of operation.

21. Photosensitive Detectors

Sensing radiation from ultraviolet to optical wavelengths and beyond is an important part of many devices. Whether analyzing the emission of radiation, chemical solutions, detecting lidar signals, fiber-optic communication systems, or imaging of medical ionizing radiation, detectors are the final link in any optoelectronic experiment or process.

Detectors fall into two groups: thermal detectors (where radiation is absorbed and the resulting temperature change is used to generate an electrical output) and photon (quantum) detectors. The operation of photon detectors is based on the photoelectric effect, in which the radiation is absorbed within a metal or semiconductor by direct interaction with electrons, which are excited to a higher energy level. Under the effect of an electric field these carriers move and produce a measurable electric current. The photon detectors show a selective wavelength-dependent response per unit incident radiation power.

22. Public and Private Lighting

At the turn of the 20th century, lighting was in a state of flux. In technical terms, a number of emerging lighting technologies jostled for economic dominance. In social terms, changing standards of illumination began to transform cities, the workplace, and the home. In design terms, the study of illumination as a science, as an engineering profession, and as an applied art was becoming firmly established. In the last decades of the 20th century, the technological and social choices in lighting attained considerable stability both technically and socially. Newer forms of compact fluorescent lighting, despite their greater efficiency, have not significantly replaced incandescent bulbs in homes owing to higher initial cost. Low-pressure sodium lamps, on the other hand, have been adopted increasingly for street and architectural lighting owing to lower replacement and maintenance costs. As with fluorescent lighting in the 1950s, recent lighting technologies have found niche markets rather than displacing incandescents, which have now been the dominant lighting system for well over a century.

23. Quantum Electronic Devices

Quantum theory, developed during the 1920s to explain the behavior of atoms and the absorption and emission of light, is thought to apply to every kind of physical system, from individual elementary particles to macroscopic systems such as lasers. In lasers, stimulated transitions between discrete or quantized energy levels is a quantum electronic phenomena (discussed in the entry Lasers, Theory and Operation). Stimulated transitions are also the central phenomena in atomic clocks. Semiconductor devices such as the transistor also rely on the arrangement of quantum energy levels into a valence band and a conduction band separated by an energy gap, but advanced quantum semiconductor devices were not possible until advances in fabrication techniques such as molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) developed in the 1960s made it possible to grow extremely pure single crystal semiconductor structures one atomic layer at a time.

In most electronic devices and integrated circuits, quantum phenomena such as quantum tunneling and electron diffraction—where electrons behave not as particles but as waves—are of no significance, since the device is much larger than the wavelength of the electron (around 100 nanometers, where one nanometer is 109 meters or about 4 atoms wide). Since the early 1980s however, researchers have been aware that as the overall device size of field effect transistors decreased, small-scale quantum mechanical effects between components, plus the limitations of materials and fabrication techniques, would sooner or later inhibit further reduction in the size of conventional semiconductor transistors. Thus to produce devices on ever-smaller integrated circuits (down to 25 nanometers in length), conventional microelectronic devices would have to be replaced with new device concepts that take advantage of the quantum mechanical effects that dominate on the nanometer scale, rather than function in despite of them. Such solid state ‘‘nanoelectronics’’ offers the potential for increased speed and density of information processing, but mass fabrication on this small scale presented formidable challenges at the end of the 20th century.

24. Quartz Clocks and Watches

The wristwatch and the domestic clock were completely reinvented with all-new electronic components beginning about 1960. In the new electronic timepieces, a tiny sliver of vibrating quartz in an electrical circuit provides the time base and replaces the traditional mechanical oscillator, the swinging pendulum in the clock or the balance wheel in the watch. Instead of an unwinding spring or a falling weight, batteries power these quartz clocks and watches, and integrated circuits substitute for intricate mechanical gear trains.

25. Radio-Frequency Electronics

Radio was originally conceived as a means for interpersonal communications, either person-toperson, or person-to-people, using analog waveforms containing either Morse code or actual sound. The use of radio frequencies (RF) designed to carry digital data in the form of binary code rather than voice and to replace physical wired connections between devices began in the 1970s, but the technology was not commercialized until the 1990s through digital cellular phone networks known as personal communications services (PCS) and an emerging group of wireless data network technologies just reaching commercial viability. The first of these is a so-called wireless personal area network (WPAN) technology known as Bluetooth. There are also two wireless local area networks (WLANs), generally grouped under the name Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity): (1) Wi-Fi, also known by its Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) designation 802.11b, and (2) Wi-Fi5 (802.11a).

26. Rectifiers

Rectifiers are electronic devices that are used to control the flow of current. They do this by having conducting and nonconducting states that depend on the polarity of the applied voltage. A major function in electronics is the conversion from alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) where the output is only one-half (either positive or negative) of the input. Rectifiers that are currently, or have been, in use include: point-contact diodes, plate rectifiers, thermionic diodes, and semiconductor diodes. There are various ways in which rectifiers may be classified in terms of the signals they encounter; this contribution will consider two extremes—high frequency and heavy current—that make significantly different demands on device design.

27. Strobe Flashes

Scarcely a dozen years after photography was announced to the world in 1839, William Henry Fox Talbot produced the first known flash photograph. Talbot, the new art’s co-inventor, fastened a printed paper onto a disk, set it spinning as fast as possible, and then discharged a spark to expose a glass plate negative. The words on the paper could be read on the photograph. Talbot believed that the potential for combining electric sparks and photography was unlimited. In 1852, he pronounced, ‘‘It is in our power to obtain the pictures of all moving objects, no matter in how rapid motion they may be, provided we have the means of sufficiently illuminating them with a sudden electric flash.’’

The electronic stroboscope fulfills Talbot’s prediction. It is a repeating, short-duration light source used primarily for visual observation and photography of high-speed phenomena. The intensity of the light emitted from strobes also makes them useful as signal lights on communication towers, airport runways, emergency vehicles, and more. Though ‘‘stroboscope’’ actually refers to a repeating flash and ‘‘electronic flash’’ denotes a single burst, both types are commonly called ‘‘strobes.’’

28. Transistors

Early experiments in transistor technology were based on the analogy between the semiconductor and the vacuum tube: the ability to both amplify and effectively switch an electrical signal on or off (rectification). By 1940, Russell Ohl at Bell Telephone Laboratories, among others, had found that impure silicon had both positive (ptype material with holes) and negative (n-type) regions. When a junction is created between n-type material and p-type material, electrons on the ntype side are attracted across the junction to fill holes in the other layer. In this way, the n-type semiconductor becomes positively charged and the p-type becomes negatively charged. Holes move in the opposite direction, thus reinforcing the voltage built up at the junction. The key point is that current flows from one side to the other when a positive voltage is applied to the layers (‘‘forward biased’’).

29. Travelling Wave Tubes

One of the most important devices for the amplification of radio-frequency (RF) signals— which range in frequency from 3 kilohertz to 300 gigahertz—is the traveling wave tube (TWT). When matched with its power supply unit, or electronic power conditioner (EPC), the combination is known as a traveling wave tube amplifier (TWTA). The amplification of RF signals is important in many aspects of science and technology, since the ability to increase the strength of a very low-power input signal is fundamental to all types of long-range communications, radar and electronic warfare.

30. Vacuum Tubes/Valves

The vacuum tube has its roots in the late nineteenth century when Thomas A. Edison conducted experiments with electric bulbs in 1883. Edison’s light bulbs consisted of a conducting filament mounted in a glass bulb. Passing electricity through the filament caused it to heat up and radiate light. A vacuum in the tube prevented the filament from burning up. Edison noted that electric current would flow from the bulb filament to a positively charged metal plate inside the tube. This phenomenon, the one-way flow of current, was called the Edison Effect. Edison himself could not explain the filament’s behavior. He felt this effect was interesting but unimportant and patented it as a matter of course. It was only fifteen years later that Joseph John Thomson, a physics professor at the Cavendish Laboratory at the University of Cambridge in the U.K., discovered the electron and understood the significance of what was occurring in the tube. He identified the filament rays as a stream of particles, now called electrons. In a range of papers from 1901 to 1916, O.W. Richardson explained the electron behavior. Today the Edison Effect is known as thermionic emission.

History of Electronics

Few of the basic tasks that electronic technologies perform, such as communication, computation, amplification, or automatic control, are unique to electronics. Most were anticipated by the designers of mechanical or electromechanical technologies in earlier years. What distinguishes electronic communication, computation, and control is often linked to the instantaneous action of the devices, the delicacy of their actions compared to mechanical systems, their high reliability, or their tiny size.

The electronics systems introduced between the late nineteenth century and the end of the twentieth century can be roughly divided into the applications related to communications (including telegraphy, telephony, broadcasting, and remote detection) and the more recently developed fields involving digital information and computation. In recent years these two fields have tended to converge, but it is still useful to consider them separately for a discussion of their history.

The origins of electronics as distinguished from other electrical technologies can be traced to 1880 and the work of Thomas Edison. While investigating the phenomenon of the blackening of the inside surface of electric light bulbs, Edison built an experimental bulb that included a third, unused wire in addition to the two wires supporting the filament. When the lamp was operating, Edison detected a flow of electricity from the filament to the third wire, through the evacuated space in the bulb. He was unable to explain the phenomenon, and although he thought it would be useful in telegraphy, he failed to commercialize it. It went unexplained for about 20 years, until the advent of wireless telegraphic transmission by radio waves. John Ambrose Fleming, an experimenter in radio, not only explained the Edison effect but used it to detect radio waves. Fleming’s ‘‘valve’’ as he called it, acted like a one-way valve for electric waves, and could be used in a circuit to convert radio waves to electric pulses so that that incoming Morse code signals could be heard through a sounder or earphone.

As in the case of the Fleming valve, many early electronic devices were used first in the field of communications, mainly to enhance existing forms of technology. Initially, for example, telephony (1870s) and radio (1890s) were accomplished using ordinary electrical and electromechanical circuits, but eventually both were transformed through the use of electronic devices. Many inventors in the late nineteenth century sought a functional telephone ‘‘relay’’; that is, something to refresh a degraded telephone signal to allow long distance telephony. Several people simultaneously recognized the possibility of developing a relay based on the Fleming valve. The American inventor Lee de Forest was one of the first to announce an electronic amplifier using a modified Fleming valve, which he called the Audion. While he initially saw it as a detector and amplifier of radio waves, its successful commercialization occurred first in the telephone industry. The sound quality and long-distance capability of telephony was enhanced and extended after the introduction of the first electronic amplifier circuits in 1907. In the U.S., where vast geographic distances separated the population, the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T) introduced improved vacuum tube amplifiers in 1913, which were later used to establish the first coast-to-coast telephone service in 1915 (an overland distance of nearly 5000 kilometers).

These vacuum tubes soon saw many other uses, such as a public-address systems constructed as early as 1920, and radio transmitters and receivers. The convergence of telephony and radio in the form of voice broadcasting was technically possible before the advent of electronics, but its application was greatly enhanced through the use of electronics both in the radio transmitter and in the receiver.

World War I saw the applications of electronics diversify somewhat to include military applications. Mostly, these were modifications of existing telegraph, telephone, and radio systems, but applications such as ground-to-air radio telephony were novel. The pressing need for large numbers of electronic components, especially vacuum tubes suitable for military use, stimulated changes in their design and manufacture and contributed to improving quality and falling prices. After the war, the expanded capacity of the vacuum tube industry contributed to a boom in low-cost consumer radio receivers. Yet because of the withdrawal of the military stimulus and the onset of the Great Depression, the pace of change slowed in the 1930s. One notable exception was in the field of television. Radio broadcasting became such a phenomenal commercial success that engineers and businessmen were envisioning how ‘‘pictures with sound’’ would replace ordinary broadcasting, even in the early 1930s. Germany, Great Britain, and the U.S. all had rudimentary television systems in place by 1939, although World War II would bring nearly a complete halt to these early TV broadcasts.

World War II saw another period of rapid change, this one much more dramatic than that of World War I. Not only were radio communications systems again greatly improved, but for the first time the field of electronics engineering came to encompass much more than communication. While it was the atomic bomb that is most commonly cited as the major technological outcome of World War II, radar should probably be called the weapon that won the war. To describe radar as a weapon is somewhat inaccurate, but there is no doubt that it had profound effects upon the way that naval, aerial, and ground combat was conducted. Using radio waves as a sort of searchlight, radar could act as an artificial eye capable of seeing through clouds or fog, over the horizon, or in the dark. Furthermore, it substituted for existing methods of calculating the distance and speed of targets. Radar’s success hinged on the development of new electronic components, particularly new kinds of vacuum tubes such as the klystron and magnetron, which were oriented toward the generation of microwaves. Subsidized by military agencies on both sides of the Atlantic (as well as Japan) during World War II, radar sets were eventually installed in aircraft and ships, used in ground stations, and even built into artillery shells. The remarkable engineering effort that was launched to make radar systems smaller, more energy efficient, and more reliable would mark the beginning of an international research program in electronics miniaturization that continues today. Radar technology also had many unexpected applications elsewhere, such as the use of microwave beams as a substitute for long-distance telephone cables. Microwave communication is also used extensively today for satellite-to-earth communication.

The second major outcome of electronics research during World War II was the effort to build an electronic computer. Mechanical adders and calculators were widely used in science, business, and government by the early twentieth century, and had reached an advanced state of design. Yet the problems peculiar to wartime, especially the rapid calculation of mountains of ballistics data, drove engineers to look for ways to speed up the machines. At the same time, some sought a calculator that could be reprogrammed as computational needs changed. While computers played a role in the war, it was not until the postwar period that they came into their own. In addition, computer research during World War II contributed little to the development of vacuum tubes, although in later years computer research would drive certain areas of semiconductor electron device research.

While the forces of the free market are not to be discounted, the role of the military in electronics development during World War II was of paramount importance. More-or-less continuous military support for research in electronic devices and systems persisted during the second half of the twentieth century too, and many more new technologies emerged from this effort. The sustained effort to develop more compact, rugged devices such as those demanded by military systems would converge with computer development during the 1950s, especially after the invention of the transistor in late 1947.

The transistor was not a product of the war, and in fact its development started in the 1930s and was delayed by the war effort. A transistor is simply a very small substitute for a vacuum tube, but beyond that it is an almost entirely new sort of device. At the time of its invention, its energy efficiency, reliability, and diminutive size suggested new possibilities for electronic systems. The most famous of these possibilities was related to computers and systems derived from or related to computers, such as robotics or industrial automation. The impetus for the transistor was a desire within the telephone industry to create an energy-efficient, reliable substitute for the vacuum tube. Once introduced, the military pressed hard to accelerate its development, as the need emerged for improved electronic navigational devices for aircraft and missiles.

There were many unanticipated results of the substitution of transistors for vacuum tubes. Because they were so energy efficient, transistors made it much more practical to design battery powered systems. The small transistor radio (known in some countries simply as ‘‘the transistor’’), introduced in the 1950s, is credited with helping to popularize rock and roll music. It is also worth noting that many developing countries could not easily provide broadcasting services until the diffusion of battery operated transistor receivers because of the lack of central station electric power. The use of the transistor also allowed designers to enhance existing automotive radios and tape players, contributing eventually to a greatly expanded culture of in-car listening. There were other important outcomes as well; transistor manufacture provided access to the global electronics market for Asian radio manufacturers, who improved manufacturing methods to undercut their U.S. competitors during the 1950s and 1960s. Further, the transistor’s high reliability nearly eliminated the profession of television and radio repair, which had supported tens of thousands of technicians in the U.S. alone before about 1980.

However, for all its remarkable features, the transistor also had its limitations; while it was an essential part of nearly every cutting-edge technology of the postwar period, it was easily outperformed by the older technology of vacuum tubes in some areas. The high-power microwave transmitting devices in communications satellites and spacecraft, for example, nearly all relied on special vacuum tubes through the end of the twentieth century, because of the physical limitations of semiconductor devices. For the most part, however, the transistor made the vacuum tube obsolete by about 1960.

The attention paid to the transistor in the 1950s and 1960s made the phrase ‘‘solid-state’’ familiar to the general public, and the new device spawned many new companies. However, its overall impact pales in comparison to its successor—the integrated circuit. Integrated circuits emerged in the late 1950s, were immediately adopted by the military for small computer and communications systems, and were then used in civilian computers and related applications from the 1960s. Integrated circuits consist of multiple transistors fabricated simultaneously from layers of semiconductor and other materials. The transistors, interconnecting ‘‘wires,’’ and many of the necessary circuit elements such as capacitors and resistors are fabricated on the ‘‘chip.’’ Such a circuit eliminates much of the laborious process of assembling an electronic system such as a computer by hand, and results in a much smaller product. The ability to miniaturize components through integrated circuit fabrication techniques would lead to circuits so vanishingly small that it became difficult to connect them to the systems of which they were a part. The plastic housings or ‘‘packages’’ containing today’s microprocessor chips measure just a few centimeters on a side, and yet the actual circuits inside are much smaller. Some of the most complex chips made today contain many millions of transistors, plus millions more solid-state resistors and other passive components.

While used extensively in military and aerospace applications, the integrated circuit became famous as a component in computer systems. The logic and memory circuits of digital computers, which have been the focus of much research, consist mainly of switching devices. Computers were first constructed in the 1930s with electromechanical relays as switching devices, then with vacuum tubes, transistors, and finally integrated circuits. Most early computers used off-the-shelf tubes and transistors, but with the advent of the integrated circuit, designers began to call for components designed especially for computers. It was clear to engineers at the time that all the circuits necessary to build a computer could be placed on one chip (or a small set of chips), and in fact, the desire to create a ‘‘computer on a chip’’ led to the microprocessor, introduced around 1970. The commercial impetus underlying later generations of computer chip design was not simply miniaturization (although there are important exceptions) or energy efficiency, but also the speed of operation, reliability, and lower cost. However, the inherent energy efficiency and small size of the resulting systems did enable the construction of smaller computers, and the incorporation of programmable controllers (special purpose computers) into a wide variety of other technologies. The recent merging of the computer (or computer-like systems) with so many other technologies makes it difficult to summarize the current status of digital electronic systems. As the twentieth century drew to a close, computer chips were widely in use in communications and entertainment devices, in industrial robots, in automobiles, in household appliances, in telephone calling cards, in traffic signals, and in a myriad other places. The rapid evolution of the computer during the last 50 years of the twentieth century was reflected by the near-meaninglessness of its name, which no longer adequately described its functions.

From an engineering perspective, not only did electronics begin to inhabit, in an almost symbiotic fashion, other technological systems after about 1950, but these electronics systems were increasingly dominated by the use of semiconductor technology. After virtually supplanting the vacuum tube in the 1950s, the semiconductor-based transistor became the technology of choice for most subsequent electronics development projects. Yet semiconducting alloys and compounds proved remarkably versatile in applications at first unrelated to transistors and chips. The laser, for example, was originally operated in a large vacuum chamber and depended on ionized gas for its operation. By the 1960s, laser research was focused on the remarkable ability of certain semiconducting materials to accomplish the same task as the ion chamber version. Today semiconductor devices are used not only as the basis of amplifiers and switches, but also for sensing light, heat, and pressure, for emitting light (as in lasers or video displays), for generating electricity (as in solar cells), and even for mechanical motion (as in micromechanical systems or MEMS).

However, semiconductor devices in ‘‘discrete’’ forms such as transistors, would probably not have had the remarkable impact of the integrated circuit. By the 1970s, when the manufacturing techniques for integrated circuits allowed high volume production, low cost, tiny size, relatively small energy needs, and enormous complexity; electronics entered a new phase of its history, having a chief characteristic of allowing electronic systems to be retrofitted into existing technologies. Low-cost microprocessors, for example, which were available from the late 1970s onward, were used to sense data from their environment, measure it, and use it to control various technological systems from coffee machines to video tape recorders. Even the human body is increasingly invaded by electronics; at the end of the twentieth century, several researchers announced the first microchips for implantation directly in the body. They were to be used to store information for retrieval by external sensors or to help deliver subcutaneous drugs. The integrated circuit has thus become part of innumerable technological and biological systems.

It is this remarkable flexibility of application that enabled designers of electronic systems to make electronics the defining technology of the late twentieth century, eclipsing both the mechanical technologies associated with the industrial revolution and the electrical and information technologies of the so-called second industrial revolution. While many in the post-World War II era once referred to an ‘‘atomic age,’’ it was in fact an era in which daily life was increasingly dominated by electronics.

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Digital Commons @ USF > College of Engineering > Electrical Engineering > Theses and Dissertations

Electrical Engineering Theses and Dissertations

Theses/dissertations from 2024 2024.

Effects of Unobservable Bus States on Detection and Localization of False Data Injection Attacks in Smart Grids , Moheb Abdelmalak

Modeling the Human Learning Process Using an Industrial Steam Boiler Analogy to Design a Psychophysiological-Based Hypermedia Adaptive Automation System , Liliana María Villavicencio López

Theses/Dissertations from 2023 2023

On the Performance Enhancement of Beamspace MIMO and Non-orthogonal Multiple Access for Future Cellular Networks , Sinasi Cetinkaya

Enhancing Smart Grid Security and Reliability through Graph Signal Processing and Energy Data Analytics , Md Abul Hasnat

Fabric-Based Organic Electrochemical Transistor Towards Wearable pH Sensing Electronics , Nestor Osvaldo Marquez Rios

Novel Systems Engineering Framework Analysis of Photovoltaic Models and Equations , Peter R. Michael

Deep Learning Enhancement and Privacy-Preserving Deep Learning: A Data-Centric Approach , Hung S. Nguyen

Cyber-Physical Multi-Robot Systems in a Smart Factory: A Networked AI Agents Approach , Zixiang Nie

Multiple Access Techniques Enabling Diverse Wireless Services , Mehmet Mert Şahin

Deep Reinforcement Learning Based Optimization Techniques for Energy and Socioeconomic Systems , Salman Sadiq Shuvo

Process Automation and Robotics Engineering for Industrial Processing Systems , Drake Stimpson

Theses/Dissertations from 2022 2022

Stability and Interaction Analysis of Inverter-Based Resources in Power Grids , Li Bao

Healthcare IoT System and Network Design , Halil Ibrahim Deniz

Video Anomaly Detection: Practical Challenges for Learning Algorithms , Keval Doshi

Data-Driven State Estimation for Improved Wide Area Situational Awareness in Smart Grids , Md Jakir Hossain

Deep Learning and Feature Engineering for Human Activity Recognition: Exploiting Novel Rich Learning Representations and Sub-transfer Learning to Boost Practical Performance , Ria Kanjilal

Assistive Technologies for Independent Navigation for People with Blindness , Howard Kaplan

Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Diseases Using Higher Order Statistical Analysis of Electroencephalography Signals , Seyed Alireza Khoshnevis

Accelerating Multiparametric MRI for Adaptive Radiotherapy , Shraddha Pandey

A Model-Based Fault Diagnosis in Dynamic Systems via Asynchronous Motors System Identification or Testing, and Control Engineering Observers , Kenelt Pierre

Improving Wireless Networking from the Learning and Security Perspectives , Zhe Qu

Improving Robustness of Deep Learning Models and Privacy-Preserving Image Denoising , Hadi Zanddizari

Theses/Dissertations from 2021 2021

A Method for Compact Representation of Heterogenous and Multivariate Time Series for Robust Classification and Visualization , Alla Abdella

Dynamical System and Parameter Identification for Power Systems , Abdullah Abdulrahman Alassaf

Phasor Domain Modeling of Type-III Wind Turbines , Mohammed Alqahtani

An Automated Framework for Connected Speech Evaluation of Neurodegenerative Disease: A Case Study in Parkinson's Disease , Sai Bharadwaj Appakaya

Investigation of CoO ATO for Solar Cells and Infrared Sheaths , Manopriya Devisetty Subramanyam

Thermal Management of Lithium-ion Batteries Using Supercapacitors , Sanskruta Dhotre

Effect of Se Composition in CdSe 1-X T eX /CdTe Solar Cells , Sheikh Tawsif Elahi

Microencapsulation of Thermochromic Materials for Thermal Storage and Energy Efficiency of Buildings , Abdullatif Hakami

Piezoelectrically-Transduced ZnO-on-Diamond Resonators with Enhanced Signal-to-Noise Ratio and Power-handling Capability for Sensing and Wireless Communication Applications , Xu Han

Preparation and Characterization of Single Layer Conducting Polymer Electrochromic and Touchchromic Devices , Sharan Kumar Indrakar

Security Attacks and Defenses in Cyber Systems: From an AI Perspective , Zhengping Luo

Power System Optimization Methods: Convex Relaxation and Benders Decomposition , Minyue Ma

Metal Oxide Sensor Array Test Bed Prototype for Diagnostic Breath Analysis , Tiffany C. Miller

Packaging of Active RF Beamforming IC Utilizing Additive Manufacturing , Ryan Murphy

Adaptive Network Slicing in Fog RAN for IoT with Heterogeneous Latency and Computing Requirements: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach , Almuthanna Nassar

Development of a Bipolar Radiofrequency Ablation Device for Renal Denervation , Noel Perez

Copper Electrodeposition Assisted by Hydrogen Evolution for Wearable Electronics: Interconnections and Fiber Metallization , Sabrina M. Rosa Ortiz

Theory and Application of Dielectric Rod Antennas and Arrays , Gabriel Saffold

Advanced Organic Polymers for the Nanoscale Fabrication of Fiber-based Electronics Using the Electrospinning Technique , William Serrano Garcia

Transparent Planar Micro-Electrode Array for In-Vitro Electric Field Mediated Gene Delivery , Raj Himatlal Shah

High Speed Switching for Plasma Based Electroporation , Shivangi Sharma

Development of Small-Scale Power Supplies for Wearable Medical Diagnostic Devices , Donny Stiner

Novel Approach to Integrate CAN Based Vehicle Sensors with GPS Using Adaptive Filters to Improve Localization Precision in Connected Vehicles from a Systems Engineering Perspective , Abhijit Vasili

Modeling, Control and Analysis of Inverter-Based Generators in the Power Grids , Yangkun Xu

Fiber-Based Supercapacitor for Wearable Electronics , Rohit Lallansingh Yadav

Modeling, Identification, and Stability Analysis of Inverter-Based Resources Integrated Systems , Miao Zhang

Data-Oriented Approaches towards Mobile, Network and Secure Systems , Shangqing Zhao

Strategies in Botnet Detection and Privacy Preserving Machine Learning , Di Zhuang

Theses/Dissertations from 2020 2020

Architecture design and optimization of Edge-enabled Smart Grids , Adetola B. Adeniran

Multimodal Data Fusion and Attack Detection in Recommender Systems , Mehmet Aktukmak

Artificial Intelligence Towards the Wireless Channel Modeling Communications in 5G , Saud Mobark Aldossari

Enhancement of 5G Network Performance Using Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) , Faeik Tayseer Al Rabee

Investigation of Machine Learning Algorithms for Intrusion Detection System in Cybersecurity , Mohmmed Alrowaily

Comprehensive Optimization Models for Voltage Regulation in PV-rich Multi-phase Distribution Systems , Ibrahim Alsaleh

Design and Implementation of Solid/Solid Phononic Crystal Structures in Lateral Extensional Thin-film Piezoelectric on Silicon Micromechanical Resonators , Abdulrahman Alsolami

Analysis of Computational Modeling Methods as Applied to Single-Crystal Organohalide Perovskites , Jon M. Bebeau

Development of a Monolithic Implantable Neural Interface from Cubic Silicon Carbide and Evaluation of Its MRI Compatibility , Mohammad Beygi

Performance Enhancement Techniques for Next-Generation Multi-Service Communication and Medical Cyber-Physical Systems , Ali Fatih Demir

Microfluidically Reconfigurable Millimeter-Wave Switches, Antenna Arrays and Filters with Fast-Actuation Using Movable Metallized Plates and Integrated Actuation , Enrique J. Gonzalez Carvajal

Multilayered Transmission Lines, Antennas and Phased Arrays with Structurally Integrated Control Electronics Using Additive Manufacturing , Merve Kacar

Cost Efficient Algorithms and Methods for Spectral Efficiency in Future Radio Access , Murat Karabacak

Design of DeLRo Autonomous Delivery Robot and AI Based Localization , Tolga Karakurt

Theory, Fabrication, and Characterization of Perovskite Phototransistor , Fatemeh Khorramshahi

Modeling and Control of Renewable Energy in Grids and Microgrids , Yin Li

Next-Generation Self-Organizing Communications Networks: Synergistic Application of Machine Learning and User-Centric Technologies , Chetana V. Murudkar

Reliability Analysis of Power Grids and its Interdependent Infrastructures: An Interaction Graph-based Approach , Upama Nakarmi

Algorithms Enabling Communications in the Presence of Adjacent Channel Interference , Berker Peköz

Electrospun Nanofibrous Membrane Based Glucose Sensor with Integration of Potentiostat Circuit , Kavyashree Puttananjegowda

Service Provisioning and Security Design in Software Defined Networks , Mohamed Rahouti

Reading and Programming Spintronic Devices for Biomimetic Applications and Fault-tolerant Memory Design , Kawsher Ahmed Roxy

Implementation of SR Flip-Flop Based PUF on FPGA for Hardware Security , Sai Praneeth Sagi

Trauma Detection Personal Locator Beacon System , Sakshi Sharma

Network Function Virtualization In Fog Networks , Nazli Siasi

Socially Aware Network User Mobility Analysis and Novel Approaches on Aerial Mobile Wireless Network Deployment , Ismail Uluturk

Spatial Stereo Sound Source Localization Optimization and CNN Based Source Feature Recognition , Cong Xu

Hybrid RF Acoustic Resonators and Arrays with Integrated Capacitive and Piezoelectric Transducers , Adnan Zaman

Theses/Dissertations from 2019 2019

Fabrication and Characterization of Electrical Energy Storage and Harvesting Energy Devices Using Gel Electrolytes , Belqasem Aljafari

Phasor Measurement Unit Data-Based Steady State and Dynamic Model Estimation , Anas Almunif

Cross Layer-based Intrusion Detection System Using Machine Learning for MANETs , Amar Amouri

Power Conditioning System on a Micro-Grid System , Tamoghna Banerjee

Thermal Response in a Field Oriented Controlled Three-phase Induction Motor , Niyem Mawenbe Bawana

Design and Development of a Wireless EEG System Integrated into a Football Helmet , Akshay V. Dunakhe

Machine Learning, Game Theory Algorithms, and Medium Access Protocols for 5G and Internet-of-Thing (IoT) Networks , Mohamed Elkourdi

Improving Stability by Enhancing Critical Fault Clearing Time , Ammara M. Ghani

RF Power Circuit Designs for Wi-Fi Applications , Krishna Manasa Gollapudi

Enhancing Secrecy and Capacity of Wireless Systems Using Directive Communications , Mohammed A. Hafez

Statistical Anomaly Detection and Mitigation of Cyber Attacks for Intelligent Transportation Systems , Ammar Haydari

Absorber and Window Study – CdSexTe1-x/CdTe Thin Film Solar Cells , Chih-An Hsu

Methods and Algorithms to Enhance the Security, Increase the Throughput, and Decrease the Synchronization Delay in 5G Networks , Asim Mazin

Piezoelectric ZnO Nanowires as a Tunable Interface Material for Opto-Electronic Applications , Anand Kumar Santhanakrishna

Security Framework for the Internet of Things Leveraging Network Telescopes and Machine Learning , Farooq Israr Ahmed Shaikh

Diversity and Network Coded 5G Wireless Network Infrastructure for Ultra-Reliable Communications , Nabeel Ibrahim Sulieman

The Design of Passive Networks with Full-Wave Component Models , Eric Valentino

CubeSat Constellation Design for Intersatellite Linking , Michael T. White

Theses/Dissertations from 2018 2018

Design of Micro-Scale Energy Harvesting Systems for Low Power Applications Using Enhanced Power Management System , Majdi M. Ababneh

A Study on the Adaptability of Immune System Principles to Wireless Sensor Network and IoT Security , Vishwa Alaparthy

Validation of Results of Smart Grid Protection through Self-Healing , Felipe Framil Assumpção

A Novel Framework to Determine Physiological Signals From Blood Flow Dynamics , Prashanth Chetlur Adithya

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Home > USC Columbia > Engineering and Computing, College of > Electrical Engineering > Electrical Engineering Theses and Dissertations

Electrical Engineering Theses and Dissertations

Theses/dissertations from 2023 2023.

Robust Deep Learning Models For Multi-label Image Classification In Limited And Free Annotation Scenarios , Rabab Ezzeldin Rabie Abdelfattah

Analysis, Measurement, and Modeling of Millimeter Wave Channels for Aviation Applications , Zeenat Afroze

Physics-Based and Behavioral Models for Fuel Cells , Charles Chima Anyim

Simulation-based Optimization Of A Dc Microgrid: With Machine-learning-based Models And Hybrid Meta-heuristic Algorithms , Tyler Van Deese

Novel Structures and Thin Film Techniques for Reconfigurable RF Technologies With Improved Signal Integrity , Jinqun Ge

Suitability of Quantized DEVS-LIM Methods for Simulation of Power Systems , Navid Gholizadeh

Novel Approach To In-situ Mocvd Oxide/dielectric Deposition For Iii-nitride-based Heterojunction Field Effect Transistors , Samiul Hasan

Quantized State Simulation of Electrical Power Systems , Joseph Micah Hood

Circularly-shifted Chirps For Triple Functionality: Communications, Radar, And Computation , Safi Shams Muhtasimul Hoque

Optimization of Ultrawide Bandgap Semiconductor Materials for Heterostructure Field Effect Transistors (HFETs) , Mohi Uddin Jewel

Design And Fabrication Of High-resolution Epitaxial 4h-sic Metal Insulator Semiconductor Detectors , Omerfaruk Karadavut

Deep Learning Based Fault Diagnosis and Prognosis for Bearing , Guangxing Niu

High-Performance Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Power Modules Enabled by Advanced Two-Phase Mini-Channel Cooling , Bo Tian

Magnetic Softness Tuned Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles for Highly Efficient Cancer Theranostics , Jie Wang

Probabilistic Cable Aging Diagnosis And Prognosis With Reflectometry And Capacitance Methods , Xuan Wang

Robustness Of Convolutional Neural Networks: Analysis And Applications , Xin Zhang

Theses/Dissertations from 2022 2022

MIMO Antenna Systems for Wireless Handheld Devices , Ahmed H. Abdelgawwad

Applications of Laser Liftoff Technique for Wide Bandgap Power and Flexible Electronics , Md Didarul Alam

Non-intrusive Microwave Surface Wave Technique For Cable Damage and Aging Detection , Ahmed Shah Arman

Pulse Width Modulation-Based Voltage Balancing and Circulating Current Control for Modular Multilevel Converters , Md Multan Biswas

Networked Digital Predictive Control for Modular DC-DC Converters , Castulo Aaron De la O Pérez

Development of Micro-Sized Algan Deep Ultraviolet Light Emitting Diodes and Monolithic Photonic Integrated Circuits , Richard Speight Floyd III

Distributed Interdigital Capacitor (IDC) Sensing for Cable Insulation Aging and Degradation Detection , Md Nazmul Al Imran

Epitaxial 4H-SiC Radiation Detectors for Harsh Environment Applications , Joshua W. Kleppinger

Growth, Characterization and Evaluation of CdZnTeSe Single Crystals for Room Temperature Radiation Detectors , Ritwik Nag

Automated Contingency Management for Water Recycling System , Shijie Tang

Closed Form Implicitly Integrated Models for Computationally Efficient Simulation of Power Electronics , Andrew Wunderlich

Theses/Dissertations from 2021 2021

Real Time Simulation and Hardware in the Loop Methods for Power Electronics Power Distribution Systems , Michele Difronzo

Time-Domain Measurement of Magnetization Dynamics in Ferrofluids , Brian Egenriether

Increased Detectivity and Low Temperature Performance Analysis of Sub-20μm Micropixel Array A1GaN UV Photodiodes , Samia Islam

Operating Strategies and Disturbance Characterization for DC Microgrids , Miles Leonard-Albert

Real-Time Probabilistic Solvers for Digital Twins of Power Electronic Systems , Matthew Aaron Milton

Ultrawide Bandgap Algan-Channel Metal Oxide Semiconductor Heterostructure Field Effect Transistors With High- K Gate Dielectrics , Md Abu Shahab Mollah

Temperature Dependence of Electroluminescence and Current-Voltage Characteristics of Arrays of Deep Ultraviolet Algan Micropixel Led , Dhruvinkumar Prakashchandra Patel

Robust Adaptive Model Predictive Control of Nonlinear Sample-Data Systems , Lixing Yang

Theses/Dissertations from 2020 2020

Methods for Dynamic Stabilization, Performance Improvement, and Load Power Sharing In DC Power Distribution Systems , Hessamaldin Abdollahi

Data-Driven Modeling Through Power Hardware in the Loop Experiments: A PV Micro-Inverter Example , Hayder Dawood Abbood Almukhtar

Novel Multi-User Chirp Signaling Schemes for Future Aviation Communication Applications , Nozhan Hosseini

The Hybridization of a Graphene and Silicon Carbide Schottky Optoelectronic Device by the Incorporation of a Lead Sulfide Quantum Dot Film , Joshua Letton

Channel Modeling and Tropospheric Effects on Millimeter Wave Communications for Aviation Applications , Jinwen Liu

30 GHz Path Loss Modeling and Performance Evaluation for Noncoherent M-ary Frequency Shift Keying in the 30 GHz Band , Mohanad Razak Mohsen

Room Temperature Semiconductor Radiation Detectors Based on CdZnTe and CdZnTeSe , Mohsin Sajjad

Optimization of Vehicle to Grid System in a Power System With Unit Commitment , Charles Uko

Design of High Efficiency Wireless Power Thansfer System With Nonlinear Resonator , Yibing Zhang

Theses/Dissertations from 2019 2019

DC Bus Stabilization and Dynamic Performance Improvement of a Multi-Converter System , Silvia Arrua

Fabrication and Characterization of Thin Films for Heterojunction Solar Cells and Radiation Detectors , Towhid A. Chowdhury

Low Frequency Injection as a Method of Low-Level DC Microgrid Communication , Matthew Davidson

Modeling and Loss Analysis of SiC Power Semiconductor Devices for Switching Converter Applications , Soheila Eskandari

Path Loss Models for Two Small Airport Indoor Environments at 31 GHz , Alexander L. Grant

Wireless RF Induced Energy Absorption and Heating of Lanthanum-Nickel Alloy in the Near-Field , Michael Dillon Lindsay

Fractional Order and Virtual Variable Sampling Design of Repetitive Control for Power Converters , Zhichao Liu

Curbside Antenna to Vehicle Path Loss Measurements and Modeling in Three Frequency Bands , Patrick Murphy

Finite Element Electromagnetic (EM) Analyses of Induction Heating of Thermoplastic Composites , Ankit Patel

Constrained Consensus in Continuous-Time Multi-Agent Systems , Zheqing Zhou

Theses/Dissertations from 2018 2018

Study Of 4H-SiC And ALxGA1-xN Based Heterojunction Devices For Ultraviolet Detection Applications , Venkata Surya Naga Raju Chava

Photovoltaic Inverter Control to Sustain High Quality of Service , Yan Chen

Novel Wideband EBG Structures For Isolation Improvement Between Cosite Antennas , Paul John Czeresko III

High Resolution Radiation Detectors Based On 4H-SiC N-Type Epitaxial Layers And Pixilated CdZnTe Single Crystal Devices , Cihan Oner

Ku-Band AG Channel Modeling , Albert Smith

Quantifying Time Retarded Electromagnetic Fields and Their Applications in Transmission Lines , Brandon Thomas Gore

Structurally Integrated Reconfigurable Wideband Array For Conformal Applications , Michael Damon Wright

Multifunction Radio Frequency Composite Structures , David L. Zeppettella

Theses/Dissertations from 2017 2017

Dynamic Model and Control of Quadrotor in the Presence of Uncertainties , Courage Agho

Ultra High-Speed Signaling and Return on Technology Investment (ROTI) for the Electrical Interconnects Sector , Azniza Abd Aziz

High Quality Low Offcut 4h-Sic Epitaxy and Integrated Growth of Epitaxial Graphene for Hybrid Graphene/Sic Devices , Anusha Balachandran

Cable Health Monitoring System Built Into Power Converter Using Time Domain Reflectometry , Hossein Baninajar

Low Bandwidth Communication for Networked Power Hardware-In-The-Loop Simulation , Sean Borgsteede

Fault Protection In DC Microgrids Based On Autonomous Operation Of All Components , Qiu Deng

Distributed Optimization Method for Intelligent Control of DC Microgrids , Yuanyuan Fan

Three Segment Adaptive Power Electronic Compensator for Non-periodic Currents , Amin Ghaderi

Study of Mos2 and Graphene-Based Heterojunctions for Electronic and Sensing Applications , Ifat Jahangir

Evaluation Of Multicarrier Air Interfaces In The Presence Of Interference For L-Band And C-Band Air-Ground Communications , Hosseinali Jamal

Analysis and Design of a Highly Compact Ellipse-Shaped Ultra-Wideband Bandpass Filter (Uwb-Bpf) with a Notched Band , Xuetan Liu

Study of Ultra Wide Band Gap AlxGa1-xN Field Effect Transistors For Power Electronic Applications , Sakib Mohammed Muhtadi

Growth and Characterization of Anisotropic GaSe Semiconductor for Radiation Detection and THz Applications , Haseeb Nazir

Physical Characterization of Electrodeposited PCB Copper Foil Surfaces , Blessing Kolawole Ojo

Wideband Low Side Lobe Aperture Coupled Patch Phased Array Antennas , Dhruva Poduval

Software Modelling For Real World Faults On AC Transmission Protective Systems Analysis And Effects , Iandale Tualla

Improved N-Type 4h-Sic Epitaxial Layer Radiation Detectors and Noise Analysis of Front-End Readout Electronics , Khai V. Nguyen

Integrating Nano-Patterned Ferromagnetic and Ferroelectric Materials For Smart Tunable Microwave Applications , Tengxing Wang

An Application of Dempster-Shafer Fusion Theory to Lithium-ion Battery Prognostics and Health Management , John Weddington

A Lebesgue Sampling based Diagnosis and Prognosis Methodology with Application to Lithium-ion Batteries , Wuzhao Yan

Theses/Dissertations from 2016 2016

Positive Feedforward Control Design For Stabilization Of A Single-Bus DC Power Distribution System Using An Improved Impedance Identification Technique , Silvia Arrúa

Simulation Of GaN Based MIS Varactor , Bojidha Babu

High Gain Pattern Reconfigurable Antenna Arrays for Portable and Body-Centric Wireless Applications , Nowrin Hasan Chamok

An Improved Ship Design Tool for Comparing Performance of Multiple Ship Designs across User-Defined Missions , Helder Jose de Almeida Pais

Estimating Local Average Power In A Line-Of-Sight Indoor Channel: Spatial Sampling And Processing , Israt Jahan Disha

Time-Domain Measurement Of Ultrafast Magnetization Dynamics In Magnetic Nanoparticles , Brian Egenriether

Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control Of Direct Matrix Converter And Dual-Output Power Converters , Ozan Gulbudak

Distributed Optimization And Control Of Islanded Microgrids , Md Rishad Hossain

Engineering Model Of III-Nitride Power Heterostructure Field Effect Transistor On Silicon Substrate , Mohammad Mirwazul Islam

A Comparison Of FPGA Implementation Of Latency-Based Solvers For Power Electronic System Real-Time Simulation , Matthew Aaron Milton

Investigation Of Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Devices For Radiation Detection Applications , Rahmi Orhon Pak

Modeling and Loss Analysis of Wide Bandgap Power Semiconductor Devices , Kang Peng

Miniaturized RF Components With A Novel Tunable Engineered Substrate For Wireless Communication Systems , Yujia Peng

Wireless Channel Modeling For Networks On Chips , William Rayess

Comparative Analysis Of Current Control Methods For Modular Multilevel Converters , Jordan D. Rogers

Applications Of Impedance Identification To Electric Ship System Control And Power Hardware-In-The-Loop Simulation , Jonathan Siegers

System Level Analysis And Design For Wireless Inter-Chip Interconnection Communication Systems By Applying Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies , Xin Zheng

Theses/Dissertations from 2015 2015

Design, Fabrication, and Characterization of Pseudomorphic and Quasi-Pseudomorphic AlGaN Based Deep Ultraviolet Light Emitting Diodes Over Sapphire , Fatima Asif

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• Item No Preview Available A Multifunctional Smart Field-Programmable Radio Frequency Surface Li, Tianzhi ( 2023-04 ) Wireless communication technology has completely transformed the way we communicate and access information. It operates on the principles of electromagnetic wave propagation, as described by Maxwell's equations. The scope of wireless communication is vast and includes satellite communication, handheld device communication, and Internet of Things (IoT), which have revolutionized fields of industry, healthcare, transportation, education, and entertainment. As demand for faster and more reliable communication continues to grow, a range of wireless communication standards has been developed, including WiFi, BLE, cellular networks, near-field communication (NFC), and ZigBee, each operating at a unique frequency range. Antennas that can operate across multiple communication standards have remained a challenge due to the interdependent factors of antenna geometry, size, and RF characteristics. As the number of devices with wireless connectivity increases dramatically, the spectrum resource is getting limited, which results in congestion and reduced performance. Reconfigurable antennas have been intensively studied in the last few decades to mitigate this challenge. Although reconfigurability in operating frequency, radiation pattern and polarization have been implemented, limitations including lack of programmability, pattern diversity, and self-adaptive capability against environmental interference exist. To address these limitations, we proposed a new concept called Field-programmable RF surface (FPRFS), which allows for the control of current flow on the surface to achieve desired antenna characteristics and impedance matching capabilities. This work starts with the theoretical analysis and creates the mathematical model for the FPRFS in antenna, impedance matching network, and filter applications. Our research demonstrated the reconfigurability of FPRFS antennas in operating frequency, radiation pattern, and polarization reconfigurability with radiation gain and efficiency levels that are comparable to those of conventional fixed patch antennas and enhanced immunity to surrounding obstacles. We developed a software algorithm for the FPRFS that enables it to automatically optimize its configuration in real-time, thereby adapting to changing load impedance or environmental interferences.

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How To Come Up With The Best Thesis Topics On Electronics Engineering

As you prepare to write your thesis in Electronics Engineering, your first job is to select the perfect topic. Your topic should show knowledge of your field, should show a grasp on new concepts, and should portray whom you are. Use our ideas as you look to select the perfect topic match for you!

Best Thesis Topics

• High Capacity Field Programmable Devices-the architect of them
• International framework-the packaging with in the various transactions
• Communications-how it is impacted by the field
• Software and the field-what is new and what is now obsolete
• Systems-how they work, what they are, and which are new to the field
• The optical components of any MEMS devices or equipment
• The medical, industrial, and commercial fields of EE
• Programming and the field
• The principles and the techniques of the program
• Circuits and how they work, have they have changed, how they can be weakened or compromised
• The PC and the field
• Careers in the field
• Masters of the field
• Wiring-and why it matters
• The manners of operation
• Simple PLD’s
• Complex PLD’s
• Field Programmable Gate Arrays
• Music and the field
• Problems with the field
• Software-what it is, why it matters, and how it is relative to the industry
• Schools and their EE systems
• Our US infrastructure and how easily it can be corrupted
• Homes and the industry
• Businesses and the industry
• Integrated circuits
• Alternating currents-what it is and why it matters-how has it changed
• Fun, games, and apps-how any of these things can relate to the field
• Mathematics and how it is used in the field-the new developments
• Limb replacement and EE
• Organ replacement and EE

As you move to pick your topic, make sure you wait for the approval before you begin the project. Once the title is approved, make sure to select the best advisor for you and then schedule your sessions with him or her. Next you will want to start your interviews, case studies, and surveys. If you get stuck at any point of the process, make sure that you call on the professionals for help. You will want to over-interview and get as much support as possible. Then you will want to make your schedule. After the schedule, go ahead and outline your paper. Feel free to use one of our innovative and fresh topics for your important dissertation.

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Engineering Dissertation Topics

A dissertation (or a final year project report) is a comprehensive technical report of the research work carried out. A dissertation must present some new, original concepts that lead to further research. The core area of a dissertation consists of a hypothesis (or a research question) upon which an investigation is conducted and, in most cases, inevitably leads to further research. A dissertation must be focused, concise and must address the research topics at every level. Also, along with research, a dissertation is expected to present complete evidence of research work in the form of research methods. Sometimes it’s hard to even know where to start. Herein, many engineering research areas, currently being sought after in the industry and academia, are suggested, including electronics, sensors technology, environmental engineering, supply chain engineering, computer science engineering, electrical engineering and civil engineering, to help you start your research.

• Electronics and Communication Dissertation Topics

Sensors Technology Dissertation Topics

Environmental engineering dissertation topics, supply chain engineering dissertation topics, supply chain management dissertation topics, computer science engineering dissertation topics, electrical engineering dissertation topics, civil engineering dissertation topics, management related engineering dissertation topics, electronics and communications dissertation topics.

Over the past decade the rise of electronic communication has been revolutionised; it is the fastest growing technology. There are numerous areas of research in this field; however, the most demanding ones are highlighted below.

• Defining the boundaries of electrical signals for current electronics (communication) systems.
• The limitation of fibre optic communication systems and the possibility of further improving their efficiency.
• Developing the embedded communication system for the national grid to optimise energy usage.
• Improvement of inter-symbol interference in optical communications.
• A study of the various forms of errors and the development of an equalisation technique to reduce the error rates in data.
• Gaussian pulse analysis and the improvement of this pulse to reduce errors.
• Realising the potential of RFID in the improvement of supply chain.
• Radiation in integrated circuits and electronic devices.
• Design of high speed communication circuits that effectively cut down signal noise.
• Spectral sensing research for water monitoring applications and frontier science and technology for chemical, biological and radiological defence.
• Nano-structured membranes for preparative purifications of biopharmaceuticals.

The rise of smart technology has been revolutionising sensor technologies, and there is a high demand to make more efficient and compact sensors. The following topics are a few areas that researchers are currently working in to realise further potentials.

• Design and development of a pressure sensor for a solar thermal panel.
• An investigation into wind speed and direction sensors to optimise the operations of wind turbines.
• Utilising MEMS for profiling airflow around large building structures.
• Development of micro sensors to measure oil flow rate in tanks.
• Development and implementation of micro sensors to study pressure of the blood stream.
• Development of sensors to measure heat generated from solar panels.
• Sensing and controlling the intensity of light in LEDs.
• Research and computational simulation of a natural olfactory biosensor.
• Development of glucose biosensors using nanotechnology.

We are living in the age of technology where the driving force is to reduce the environmental impact of engineering products. Many countries have been undertaking projects supporting the environment and aiming to reduce carbon emissions. The following engineering dissertation topics are of utmost interest for researchers in the industry.

• Analysing the impact of aviation industry on the environment and the potential ways to reduce it.
• The environmental cost of the so called green energy, ‘wind energy’.
• An analysis of factors that hinder the realising of cutting-edge technology for reducing carbon emissions from automobiles.
• Design and development of a system for measuring the carbon index of an energy intensive company.
• Process improvement techniques to identify and remove waste in the automotive industry.
• Process mapping techniques to identify bottle necks for supply chain industry.
• A study of compressor operations on a forging site and mapping operations to identify and remove energy waste.
• Improving processes to reduce kWh usage and reduce inefficiencies.
• Developing a compact device to measure energy use for a household.
• In the forging industry how can changing burners within furnaces help organisations achieve energy efficiency?
• How can gas consumption be reduced and efficiency introduced to reduce kWh usage?
• How can voltage reduction devices help organisations achieve efficiency in electricity usage?
• What are carbon credits and how can organisations generate them?
• There are some organisations that use water excessively, with bills totalling more than £25,000. Identify the main reasons for such water usage and investigate better ways to introduce water efficiency and create savings.
• Identify the ways by which efficient control systems using information systems can be introduced to study the energy usage in a machining factory.
• A project to set up ways to measure natural gas flow ultrasonically and identify waste areas.
• How can water conductivity probes help determine water quality and how can water be reused?

Supply chain plays an important role in the manufacturing business sector. It is important that the supply chain is well supported by efficient methods and processes. Your engineering dissertation topics could be about:

• Highlighting the difference between the supply chain engineering and management for a company to improve output.
• Analysing the key factors in process planning and optimisation of supply chain for a manufacturing company.
• Developing a supply chain template for a small but thriving online business.
• How can organisations achieve success by reducing bottlenecks in supply chain?
• Just-in-time – is it really valid? Measurement of losses within just-in-time process implementation.
• How can process efficiency be introduced to reduce waste within the manufacturing process?
• Supplier relationship is an important factor for the success of just-in-time. How can organisations ensure successful transactions?
• Research to identify efficient logistics operations within a supply chain.
• Research to introduce efficiency within information systems and support timely transfer of knowledge and information.
• The effect of globalisation on supply chain engineering/management for large multi-national companies.
• Research studying the impact of culture on supply chain industries: identification of factors that generate inefficiencies with the supply chain.

Supply chain management involves the administration, management, control and supervision of the movement of goods and services from supplier to manufacturer to wholesaler to retailer and to the end consumer. Supply chain management involves coordinating and integrating these elements using an effective and efficient approach and methodology. Supply chain management is important for businesses to ensure there is minimum waste, drive innovation thereby creating integrated value chains. Supply chain management plays an important and central role in the success of a business. Please find a list of topics on supply chain management that may be useful for your engineering dissertation:

• A detailed investigation into the need and use of dynamic staff to determine and rectify supply chain problems with a specific focus on the construction industry.
• Research into eco-friendly and sustainable practices in supply chain management.
• Research to develop a learning organisation and its impact on supply chain management.
• Research to measure and develop intellectual capital within the supply chain industry.
• A detailed study of innovative forecasting and demand planning strategies for supply chain management
• Research study to create measurements to study the impact of learning organisation on performance measurement in supply chain industry
• Impact of training on knowledge performance index within supply chain industry.
• The behaviour of Carbon index with the implementation of a learning organisation.
• Developing a framework for supply chain management in densely populated urban cities
• Detailed investigation and analysis taking into account supply chain and logistical strategies for perishable goods.
• The influence and impact of emerging e-commerce technologies on supply chain management.

Computer science engineering focuses on the key elements of computer programming and networking with a focus on gaining knowledge of the design, implementation and management of information systems. Information systems play a major role in computer science engineering and an integral component to the successful operations of organisations. The management of information technology systems is a major element for organisations. The following could be used for an engineering dissertation as well as a computing dissertation:

• How can organisations ensure that information system is effectively used to maintain process efficiency?
• How can learning organisations influence the development of information systems?
• The role of risk management in information technology systems of organisations.
• Research to identify and reduce e-waste using information technology strategies and systems.
• Current status and research on E-waste in the United Kingdom
• Development of measurement systems to measure e-waste.
• A detailed review of the role of information technology in improving productivity and transforming organisations.
• An investigation into the use of information technology as a tool for sustained competitive advantage.
• A high-level investigation and detailed review into best practices for the implementation of information technology in modern day organisations.

Electrical engineering is focused on the design, development, testing, supervision and the manufacturing of electrical equipment. Electrical engineers design the electrical systems of automobiles, aircrafts, power generation equipment, communications systems, radar and navigational systems. The design and development of these electrical components are key and central to modern day life. There are several topics within this area that you could research for your electrical engineering dissertation:

• Development of a system to study the efficiency of motors in order to reduce kWh usage
• Setting up of a control system to monitor the process usage of compressors.
• Develop a scheme to normalise compressor output to kWh.
• Research to investigate, develop and introduce schemes to ensure efficient energy consumption by electrical machines.
• Research to study transformer losses and reduce energy loss.
• Research to study metering techniques to control and improve efficiency.
• Research to introduce smart metering concepts to ensure efficient use of electricity.
• Integration of smart metering pulsed outputs with wireless area networks and access real-time data.
• Developing effective strategies and methodical systems for pay as you go charging for electric vehicles
• A detailed review and investigation into the key issues and challenges facing rechargeable lithium batteries
• Trends and challenges in electric vehicles technologies
• Smart charging of electric vehicles on the motorway

The main emphasis of civil engineering in recent times is focused on sustainable development of quality, durable structures that deliver value for money, maximise the benefits from innovation and meets the specifications of the end users. Construction of sustainable houses has been a top priority within civil engineering. The following research topics are being actively undertaken and may be a good area for you to base your research on your own engineering dissertation:

• Development of sustainable homes making use of renewable energy sources.
• The use of sustainable materials for construction: design and delivery methods.
• The role of environmental assessment tools in sustainable construction
• The use of warm mix asphalt in road construction
• Research to study properties of concrete to achieve sustainability.
• Development of waste reduction strategy to achieve sustainable concepts
• High-level review of the barriers and drivers for sustainable buildings in developing countries
• Research to study the impact of sustainability concepts on organisational growth and development.
• Sustainable technologies for the building construction industry
• Building Information Modelling in the construction industry
• Research regarding micromechanics of granular materials.
• Research to study and develop water treatment processes.
• Research to set up remote sensing applications to assist in the development of sustainable construction techniques.
• High-level strategies, best practice guidelines and methodologies for sustainable construction.
• State of the art practice for recycling in the construction industry.
• Key factors and risk factors associated with the construction of high rise buildings.
• An investigation into health and safety in the construction industry.

Engineering management is the application of the practice of management to the practice of engineering. Engineering management integrates problem-solving, engineering, technological developments and advancements in organizational structure, administrative, and planning abilities of management in order to oversee the operational performance of complex engineering driven enterprises. These two topics go hand in hand and support each other quite well. It is important that both sides are well balanced. The following research topics could be useful for your engineering dissertation:

• Steps to conduct management of change to ensure smooth process improvement.
• Research to sustainably manage a project team.
• Research to study the management of engineering projects and various risks involved with them.
• Research to identify process improvement plans to support business strategies.
• Efficient supply chain management to ensure and develop key motivational skills within staff members.
• How leadership can help efficiency within a learning organisation.
• Developing an integrated approach to strategic management in organisations.
• Creating and sustaining competitive advantage in engineering organisations.
• Developing frameworks for sustainable assessments taking into account eco-engineering measures.
• The role of engineers in managing development in emerging countries.

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Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Theses and dissertations published by graduate students in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Old Dominion University since Fall 2016 are available in this collection. Backfiles of all dissertations (and some theses) have also been added.

In late Fall 2023 or Spring 2024, all theses will be digitized and available here. In the meantime, consult the Library Catalog to find older items in print.

Theses/Dissertations from 2024 2024

Dissertation: Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopic Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds With Zinc Oxide and Metal-Organic Frameworks as Solid-State Sensor Materials , Papa Kojo Amoah

Dissertation: A Trustworthy Self-Sovereign Data and Identity Management Framework , Efat Fathalla

Dissertation: Preserving Location Authenticity: Multi-Sensor System to Thwart GPS Spoofing in Self-Driving Vehicles , Peng Jiang

Thesis: Time Series Models for Predicting Application GPU Utilization and Power Draw Based on Trace Data , Dorothy Xiaoshuang Parry

Dissertation: Computational Modeling and Analysis of Facial Expressions and Gaze for Discovery of Candidate Behavioral Biomarkers for Children and Young Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder , Megan Anita Witherow

Theses/Dissertations from 2023 2023

Dissertation: An Advanced Simulation Architecture for Testing Autonomous and Connected Vehicles Enabled by Virtual Reality , Defu Cui

Thesis: OpenSim-Based Musculoskeletal Modeling: Foundation for Interactive Obstetric Simulator , Bahador Dodge

Dissertation: Framework for Implementing Advanced Radar Plotting Aid Capability for Small Maritime Vessels , Jason Stark Harris

Thesis: Generation Of Plasma with a Rotating Electric Field , Franklin Price Mosely

Dissertation: Deep-Learning-Based Classification of Digitally Modulated Signals , John A. Snoap

Dissertation: Wearable Sensor Gait Analysis for Fall Detection Using Deep Learning Methods , Haben Girmay Yhdego

Dissertation: Towards a Robust Defense: A Multifaceted Approach to the Detection and Mitigation of Neural Backdoor Attacks through Feature Space Exploration and Analysis , Liuwan Zhu

Theses/Dissertations from 2022 2022

Dissertation: A Preventive Medicine Framework for Wearable Abiotic Glucose Detection System , Saikat Banerjee

Dissertation: Development of High Quantum Efficiency Strained Superlattice Spin Polarized Photocathodes Via Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition , Benjamin Belfore

Dissertation: Optimization of 8-Plate Multi-Resonant Coupling Structure Using Class-E 2 Based Capacitive-Wireless Power Transfer System , Yashwanth C. Bezawada

Dissertation: Detection, Tracking, and Classification of Aircraft and Birds from Multirotor Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems , Chester Valentine Dolph

Thesis: Emotion Detection Using an Ensemble Model Trained with Physiological Signals and Inferred Arousal-Valence States , Matthew Nathanael Gray

Thesis: Fabrication of NMOS Logic Gates , Samantha Hahn

Dissertation: Cyber Resilience Analytics For Cyber-Physical Systems , Md Ariful Haque

Thesis: Integrative Physiology-Coupled Pilot-Centered Flight Simulation , Shawn C. Harrison

Thesis: Frequency Agile OFDM System for Radio Communication in High Frequency Bands , Erin E. Hill

Dissertation: Applied Deep Learning: Case Studies in Computer Vision and Natural Language Processing , Md Reshad Ul Hoque

Dissertation: Development and Validation of a Three-Dimensional Optical Imaging System for Chest Wall Deformity Measurement , Nahom Kidane

Thesis: Machine Learning Classification of Digitally Modulated Signals , James A. Latshaw

Dissertation: E-Beam Irradiation Beamline at Jefferson Lab for Wastewater Treatment , Xi Li

Thesis: Chen-Fliess Series for Linear Distributed Systems , Natalie T. Pham

Dissertation: Recrystallization of Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 Semiconductor Thin Films Via Metal Halides Treatment , Deewakar Poudel

Dissertation: Fabrication of Nb 3 Sn by Magnetron Sputtering for Superconducting Radiofrequency Application , Md Nizam Sayeed

Thesis: Development of a Fuzzy Logic Model-Less Aircraft Controller , Christopher M. Scott

Thesis: Design and Analysis of Electrical Power and Communication Systems for 3U SeaLion CubeSat Mission , Joseph D. Siciliano

Theses/Dissertations from 2021 2021

Dissertation: Enhancing Thermal Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells with a Polymer Through Grain Boundary Passivation , Tanzila Tasnim Ava

Dissertation: Specification, Control, and Applications of Z-Source Circuit Breakers for the Protection of DC Power Networks , Sagar Bhatta

Dissertation: Protection and Disturbance Mitigation of Next Generation Shipboard Power Systems , Marounfa Djibo

Dissertation: Wiener-Fliess Composition of Formal Power Series: Additive Static Feedback and Shuffle Rational Series , Subbarao Venkatesh Guggilam

Dissertation: Deep Learning Approaches for Seagrass Detection in Multispectral Imagery , Kazi Aminul Islam

Thesis: Security Improvements for the Automatic Identification System , Robert E. Litts

Dissertation: Electrostatic Design and Characterization of a 200 keV Photogun and Wien Spin Rotator , Gabriel G. Palacios Serrano

Dissertation: Commissioning & Characterization of Magnetized Gridded Thermionic Electron Source , Mark Stefani

Dissertation: Towards Characterizing Adversarial Opportunity and Behavior in Critical Infrastructure Network , Md Sharif Ullah

Dissertation: Joint Linear and Nonlinear Computation with Data Encryption for Efficient Privacy-Preserving Deep Learning , Qiao Zhang

Theses/Dissertations from 2020 2020

Thesis: Deposition and Characterization of Indium Nitride and Aluminum Nitride Thin Films by Reactive Sputtering , Sushma Swaraj Atluri

Dissertation: A Novel Non-Enzymatic Glucose Biofuel Cell with Mobile Glucose Sensing , Ankit Baingane

Thesis: Hardware Development for the Generation of Large-Volume High Pressure Plasma By Spatiotemporal Control of Space Charge , Nikhil Boothpur

Dissertation: Secure Mobile Computing by Using Convolutional and Capsule Deep Neural Networks , Rui Ning

Dissertation: Topology Control, Scheduling, and Spectrum Sensing in 5G Networks , Prosanta Paul

Dissertation: Longitudinal Brain Tumor Tracking, Tumor Grading, and Patient Survival Prediction Using MRI , Linmin Pei

Dissertation: Model-Based Approach for Diffuse Glioma Classification, Grading, and Patient Survival Prediction , Zeina A. Shboul

Dissertation: Diagnostic Studies of Non-Thermal Atmospheric Pressure Nanosecond Plasma Jets , Shutong Song

Thesis: Highly Transmissive Scalable Colored Coatings for Architectural Photovoltaic Panels , Akbar Ali Syed

Dissertation: Deep Cellular Recurrent Neural Architecture for Efficient Multidimensional Time-Series Data Processing , Lasitha S. Vidyaratne

Dissertation: Virtual SATCOM, Long Range Broadband Digital Communications , Dennis George Watson

Dissertation: Comprehensive Designs of Innovate Secure Hardware Devices against Machine Learning Attacks and Power Analysis Attacks , Yiming Wen

Theses/Dissertations from 2019 2019

Thesis: Pulse Power Effects on Transient Plasma Ignition for Combustion , David Wayne Alderman II

Thesis: Demonstration of Visible and Near Infrared Raman Spectrometers and Improved Matched Filter Model for Analysis of Combined Raman Signals , Alexander Matthew Atkinson

Dissertation: Laser-Spark Multicharged Ion Implantation System ‒ Application in Ion Implantation and Neural Deposition of Carbon in Nickel (111) , Oguzhan Balki

Thesis: Radio Frequency Toolbox for Drone Detection and Classification , Abdulkabir Bello

Thesis: Computational Analysis of Antipode Algorithms for the Output Feedback Hopf Algebra , Lance Berlin

Thesis: Solid State Polyaniline Supercapacitors Based on Electrodes Fabricated with Electropolymerization , Jonathan R. Blincoe

Thesis: Design, Implementation, and Analysis of Electrical System Architecture for CubeSat to Ground Communications , Anthony G. Cappiello

Thesis: A Design of Inductive Coupling Wireless Power Transfer System for Electric Vehicle Applications , Sarika Reddy Daida

Dissertation: A Multi-Agent Systems Approach for Analysis of Stepping Stone Attacks , Marco Antonio Gamarra

Dissertation: Using Feature Extraction From Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Pathological Image Analysis and Its Visual Interpretability , Wei-Wen Hsu

Dissertation: Enhanced Sensing Performance of Novel Nanostructured ZnO Gas Sensors in Ethanol Vapor Concentration Detection Applications , Pengtao Lin

Dissertation: Performance of Cognitive Radio Networks with Unknown Dynamic Primary User Signals , Sara L. MacDonald

Dissertation: Effect of Grain Size and Interface Engineering on the Photovoltaic Performance and Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells , Abdullah Al Mamun

Dissertation: A Laser Ion Source for Thin Film Deposition: Characterization of Source and Growth Conditions , Md Mahmudur Rahman

Thesis: Cyber Security- A New Secured Password Generation Algorithm with Graphical Authentication and Alphanumeric Passwords Along With Encryption , Akash Rao

Dissertation: MIMO Radar Waveform Design and Sparse Reconstruction for Extended Target Detection in Clutter , Christopher Alan Rogers

Dissertation: On Analytic Nonlinear Input-output Systems: Expanded Global Convergence and System Interconnections , Irina M. Winter Arboleda

Theses/Dissertations from 2018 2018

Dissertation: Deep Recurrent Learning for Efficient Image Recognition Using Small Data , Mahbubul Alam

Thesis: Characterization of Language Cortex Activity During Speech Production and Perception , Hassan Baker

Dissertation: Coexistence and Secure Communication in Wireless Networks , Saygin Bakşi

Thesis: Model-Less Fuzzy Logic Control for the NASA Modeling and Control for Agile Aircraft Development Program , Keith A. Benjamin

Thesis: Non-Destructive Evaluation for Composite Material , Desalegn Temesgen Delelegn

Thesis: Improved Thermal Stability of Cesium-Doped Perovskite Films With PMMA for Solar Cell Application , Christine M. Gausin

Thesis: A Dual Resonant Transformer and a Dielectric Antenna for Picosecond Pulse Radiation , Khiem Huynh

Thesis: A Novel Power Sharing Control Method for Distributed Generators in DC Networks , Christina James

Thesis: IDPAL - Input Decoupled Partially Adiabatic Logic: Implementation and Examination , Kevin A. Johnson

Thesis: New Method of Nickel Oxide as Hole Transport Layer and Characteristics of Nickel Oxide Based Perovskite Solar Cell , Loi Nguyen

Dissertation: Non-Invasive Picosecond Pulse System for Electrostimulation , Ross Aaron Petrella

Dissertation: Optimization of Top Contact for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cells , Grace Cherukara Rajan

Dissertation: Generation of Large-Volume Diffuse Plasma by an External Ionization Wave From a Single-Electrode Plasma Jet , Seyed Hamid Razavi Barzoki

Dissertation: 3D Bioprinting Systems for the Study of Mammary Development and Tumorigenesis , John Reid

Dissertation: Development of a Laser-Spark Multicharged Ion System – Application in Shallow Implantation of Sic by Boron and Barium , Md. Haider Ali Shaim

Thesis: Learn-To-Fly Control System Design , Alexander Brent Streit

Theses/Dissertations from 2017 2017

Thesis: Diffusion Modeling of Impurities Through the Molybdenum Back Contact of CIGS Solar Cells , Chinedum John Akwari

Dissertation: Study of Modified Deposition Process for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cell Back Contact , Tasnuva Ashrafee

Thesis: Virtual Substrate Synthesis for Low-Cost High Efficiency III-V , Sean J. Babcock

Dissertation: Speech Based Machine Learning Models for Emotional State Recognition and PTSD Detection , Debrup Banerjee

Thesis: Study of a High-Efficient Wide-Bandgap DC-DC Power Converter for Solar Power Integration , Yashwanth Bezawada

Thesis: Modification of Deposition Process Parameters for Uniform Indium Layer Deposition , Isaac Butt

Dissertation: Enhancement of Thermoelectric Properties of ALD Synthesized PbTe and PbSe by Phonon Engineering , Xin Chen

Thesis: A Correlational Study of SansEC Sensors’ Electric Field Distribution on Lightning Attachment , Kayla M. Farrow

Thesis: Recurrent Neural Networks and Matrix Methods for Cognitive Radio Spectrum Prediction and Security , Alexander M. Glandon

Thesis: A Study of the Sensitivity of Energy Conversion Efficiency to Load Variation in Class-E Resonant Power Inverter , Richard Samuel Jennings

Thesis: Investigation of Low Cost Substrate Approaches for III-V Solar Cells , Marlene Lydia Lichty

Thesis: Deposition of Silicon Thin Films by Ion Beam Assisted Deposition , Tejaswini Miryala

Dissertation: Low Temperature Plasma for the Treatment of Epithelial Cancer Cells , Soheila Mohades

Dissertation: The Efficacy of Programming Energy Controlled Switching in Resistive Random Access Memory (RRAM) , David Malien Nminibapiel

Dissertation: Computational Modeling for Abnormal Brain Tissue Segmentation, Brain Tumor Tracking, and Grading , Syed Mohammad Shamin Reza

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Electronics And Communication Engineering Thesis Topics

In Electronics and Communication Engineering (ECE), there are several thesis topics that are emerging in recent years. By staying in touch with latest technologies and using our massive resources all scholars tailored research needs are fulfilled. We have worked under 150+ domains and have carried out best Research Manuscript, journal manuscript, article writing. So contact phddirection.com and get online thesis topics from experts. Based on ECE, we list out numerous current and advanced Electronics and Communication Engineering Thesis Topics among different fields:

Wireless Communications and Networks

• Design and Analysis of Next-Generation 5G Wireless Networks: To improve the effectiveness of 5G network, it is approachable to investigate new structures, protocols, and band of frequencies.
• Energy-Efficient Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks: The protocols should be constructed in such a way to decrease the energy absorption in sensor networks, therefore prolonging their life span.

Signal Processing

• Advanced Signal Processing Techniques for IoT Devices: Focus on applying effective methods to process and examine data obtained by IoT devices.
• Deep Learning-Based Image or Video Processing: In order to enhance video or image processing works like improvement, recognition, and compression, it is better to make use of deep learning frameworks.

Embedded Systems and IoT

• Smart Agriculture Systems Using IoT: It is approachable to formulate an IoT-related model for tracking and computerizing farming procedures to improve production and performance.
• Wearable Health Monitoring Systems: By employing integrated frameworks, aim to create wearable devices that track essential signals and forecast wellbeing problems.

VLSI and Microelectronics

• Design of Low-Power VLSI Systems for Mobile Applications: The VLSI structure must be developed in such a way that decreases power absorption in mobile devices.
• Application-Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC) for Cryptographic Applications: To improve the safety and momentum of cryptographic methods, it is better to construct suitable ASICs.

Optical Communications

• Advanced Modulation Techniques for Optimal Fiber Communications: Concentrate on researching new modulation plans to enhance the data level and distance of optical interactions.
• Photonic Crystal Fibers for Nonlinear Optical Applications: It is appreciable to investigate the structure and application of photonic crystal fibers in nonlinear optics.

Robotics and Automation

• Autonomous Navigation Systems for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs): In complicated settings, aim to construct methods and frameworks for automated drones or flight.
• Robotic Assistance in Surgical Procedures: Focus on developing robotic models to help surgeons with enhanced accuracy and regulation at the time of operations.

Machine Learning and AI in Communications

• Machine Learning Algorithms for Network Intrusion Detection: To identify and avoid cyber threats on networks, it is appreciable to implement machine learning.
• AI-Driven Optimization of Network Resource Allocation: Aim to utilize AI to improve the resource allocation in wireless networks, which enhance the performance and user expertise.

Renewable Energy and Sustainability

• Solar Energy Harvesting for Remote Communication Systems: By employing solar energy formulate frameworks to energize remote interaction devices.
• Energy-Efficient Communication Protocols for Green Computing: It is advisable to create interaction protocols that decrease the energy absorption of computing networks and devices.

What is the best topic for research in electronics?

There are several topics that are progressing in the field of electronics. Some of the topics are determined as interesting and efficient. Below is a collection of captivating research topics that are considered as latest in electronics engineering: 

• Quantum Electronics: It is approachable to concentrate on the advancement of electronic devices and models that function employing quantum mechanism procedures. Providing innovative developments in computation momentum, safety, and vulnerability, this might encompass quantum interaction frameworks, quantum sensors, or quantum computing.
• Flexible and Wearable Electronics: Particularly, for smart textiles, skin-like sensors, and health tracking, it is approachable to advancing adaptable, resilient, and wearable electronic devices. Highlighting endurance, well-being and incorporation with the human body, this region has wide applications in sports, healthcare, and consumer electronics.
• Wireless Power Transfer: Generally, this study might concentrate on enhancing the performance, extent, and security of wireless charging frameworks for medical implants, electric vehicles, and customer electronics. In order to charge electronic devices without requiring physical connectors, aim to create effective and secure algorithms for transmitting power wirelessly.
• Energy Harvesting: This study intends to develop electronic devices eco-friendly and decrease reliance on batteries. Specifically, in remote or wearable applications it is appreciable to develop novel techniques for transforming environment energy such as thermal, solar, RF energy, or vibrational, into electrical energy to energize small devices.
• Nanoelectronics and Nanodevices: The electronic characteristics of nanomaterials should be investigated, and it is advisable to create nanoscale devices. To attain novel capabilities or high effectiveness, this might incorporate sensors, memory devices, or transistors that manipulate the specific characteristics of materials.
• Organic Electronics: To develop adaptable, lightweight, and possibly biodegradable electronic devices, aim to deal with organic semiconductors that are carbon-related. Normally, for applications in solar cells, wearable electronics, and displays, this study might concentrate on organic transistors, organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), or organic photovoltaics (OPVs).
• Internet of Things (IoT) Security: The safety limitations that are related with the progressing number of interrelated IoT devices should be resolved. To secure against cyber threats and assure confidentiality, this research encompasses creating suitable safer interaction protocols, strong encryption algorithms, and policies.
• 5G Technology and Beyond: Generally, this study intends to enhance network consistency, decrease latency, assist in developing the number of connected devices, and further improve data transmission levels. It is approachable to research the next-generation of wireless communication mechanisms beyond 5G.
• Artificial Intelligence (AI) for Electronic System Design: To computerize and improve the formulation of electronic frameworks and circuits, it is better to make use of machine learning and AI methods. Typically, this study might enhance the performance, effectiveness, and advancement in electronic design procedures.
• Advanced Sensor Technologies: Specifically, for applications in healthcare, ecological tracking, automated vehicles, and business control, focus on constructing new sensors with improved miniaturization, awareness, and selectivity.

Electronics And Communication Thesis Writing Services

Learn more about our Thesis Writing Services on all areas of Electronics and Communication we provide affordable thesis writing services and offer best solution for your work. We follow latest algorithm and carry out proper comparative analysis so that exact results are derived.

1.     Analysis on the Application of Artificial Intelligence in the Medical Field.

2.     Research on the Application of Artificial Intelligence Technology in Teaching Introduction to Hotel Management in the Context of Smart Hotel.

3.     Artificial Intelligence, Game Theory, Programming Used Languages and Platforms, Game Types and Training Methods.

4.     Research on the teaching system of table tennis based on artificial intelligence

5.     Cultivation of low-carbon design awareness in artificial intelligence era.

6.     Research on the Application of Artificial Intelligence in Games.

7.     Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Analysis Framework Based on the Correlation between Adolescent Myopia and Eye Refractive Elements.

8.     Doctor’s innovative clinic: An application of artificial intelligence and physiological sensors.

9.     Artificial Intelligence in Law.

10.  Application of Artificial Intelligence Technology in Medical Cell Biology.

11.  An Analysis of the Importance of the Artificial Intelligence on the Information System of Police Forces

12.  Artificial Intelligence in Music Education.

13.  Christine the Murderer Artificial Intelligence.

14.  Application and Innovation of Artificial Intelligence Technology in College Sports.

15.  Explainable Artificial Intelligence (EXAI) Models for Early Prediction of Parkinson’s Disease Based on Spiral and Wave Drawings.

• Early Prediction of Neonatal Jaundice using Artificial Intelligence Techniques.
• Artificial intelligence model based on grey systems to assess water quality from Santa river watershed.

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One of the major subjective areas in engineering disciplines is power electronics . Mainly, it is the functional studies of power devices, power controllers, and power converters . In today’s world, approximately 12 billion kilowatts of power are utilized in each hour of day-to-day life. This page broadly discusses important power electronics thesis topics with research fields, technologies, concepts, limitations, etc.!!! In this, nearly 80% of power is again reused/reprocessed through different electronic devices . If the efficiency of power conversion is lacking then the energy wastage/utilization will be more.

 For instance: daily power wastage of PCs in 12 months can be sold up to 17 power plants (500MW).

To avoid power wastage, one should be more focused on power conversion systems . For that, the efficiency of power converters can be improved using advanced technologies. As a result, it minimizes the 35% of energy wastage/utilization in the world. Our resource team helps you to understand the current research demand of the power electronics field in the following section. First and foremost, here we have explained the workflow of power electronics systems from power generation to power distribution .

Working of Power Electronics

Initially, power is produced through different power generators like wind turbines (wind) and PV panels ( solar PV Simulator ) . Then, the collect generated power is transformed into any power electronic system . The power electronic systems are composed of three main entities as capacitors, power devices, and inductors . Here, each entity has some special features and objectives to process raw power . Here, we have given the functions of each entity in power electronic systems.

• Balancing voltage and frequency
• Reacting active power
• Achieving power harmonics / quality
• Fault ride-through
• And many more
• Monitoring generator
• Tracing of high power
• Varying voltage / frequency
• Controlling of current / voltage
• Transmitting data
• Stabilizing energy
• Improving efficiency, reliability and power density
• Storing energy

Once all these entities perform their operations properly, then the processed power is transferred to the grid (i.e., utility systems) . Then, the end-users like us receive the current from a nearby transformer that is connected with transmission lines. Next, we can see the different research areas/fields of power electronics thesis topics.

Our research team supports not only these fields but also other emerging research areas of power electronics . Along with the research fields, we also let you know about the latest research areas and ideas.

Fields of Power Electronics

• Electrical Devices Modeling
• Magnetics System Simulation
• Mathematical Model Simulation
• Power and Control Systems
• Analog Circuits Designing

Next, we can see about the latest technologies of power electronics based on the current final year students and research scholars’ interests. Our research team has identified these areas only after conducting an in-depth study on recent research journal papers and magazines . Further, we also update this list of technologies frequently based on technological growth and research demand of power electronics in real-world scenarios.

Latest Technologies in Power Electronics

• Digital Signal Processing
• Industry-based Microelectronics
• Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence
• Power Conversion between New Energy System and Power Grid
• New Renewable Energy Systems using wind power simulation
• Automotive Electric Drives Modeling
• Achievement of Security, Maintenance and Reliability for New Energy Systems
• Energy Drives Technologies and Policies for Industrial Systems

Power electronics use the static application for regulating and converting power . In the beginning, the power electronic components are developed based on mercury-arc valves. Then, it is upgraded to use power switching semiconductors like power transistors (power IGBT and MOSFET), diodes, and thyristors. Apart from regular electronic systems, power electronics focus on a considerable amount of electrical energy .  Here, we have given you some important parameters of power electronics systems.

• Improved cooling techniques for minimizing imprints of power electronics models
• Improved control and hardware policies to utilize complete benefits of power electronics
• Improved application needs by means of high device speed, power and temperature
• Improved reliability of passive and active entities for power generation, transmission and distribution
• Improved efficiency for high device performance and energy conservation as well as low cooling needs

When you discuss power electronic devices , it is necessary to know the different types of electronic circuits. For your information, we have given you 5 primary kinds of electronic circuits . Here, each type has some special purposes and characteristics. Similarly, there are more electronic circuits with different specifications. Our developers are proficient to model and simulate different forms of power electronics circuits . Further, we also suggest appropriate circuits based on your project requirements.

Power Electronic Circuits

• Transform static alternating current (AC) to alternating current (AC) in dynamic frequency
• Transform direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC) in dynamic frequency and amplitude
• Transform static alternating current (AC) to dynamic alternating current (AC) in identical frequency
• Transform static direct current (DC) to dynamic direct current (DC)
• Transform static alternating current (AC) to dynamic direct current (DC)

Although this field is tied up with daily life types of machinery, it has some limitations that make power electronics perform less efficiently . Below, we have listed few important power electronics constraints that affect system performance. Once you connect with us, our developers suggest suitable research solutions for upgrading your project performance to craft power electronics thesis topics . Beyond these limitations, we also support you in other technical stumbling blocks in the power electronics implementations .

Limitations of Power Electronics

• Unable to direct flow due to higher losses
• Unable to prevent all loop flows due to working state
• Unable to unload transmission line due to working state
• Unable to achieve security due to restricted high utility interconnection
• Unable to accomplish high capability due to more number of devices with cooperative service to wheel power

Next, we can see the significance of power electronics related to current scientific developments . The following points act as the influencing factors to increase power electronics thesis topics research . If you are new to the power electronics field then we help you to transform from beginner to expert. We have sufficient online and offline study materials to guide and make you shine in both fundamentals and advanced technologies of power electronics .

Importance of Power Electronics

• Nowadays, the need of electrical power is increasing largely due to high electrification
• Equal to power generation, power processing is also more important to transform power into some other usable format based on needs
• Real-time example of power electronics is fan regulator which control fan speed via resistor. Now, it is improved by semiconductors to control frequency and voltage
• In the case of aerospace applications, it uses switching converters which operate at high frequency
•  If the frequency increases then the energy storage entities use low space and vice-versa.
• Thus, the device with low frequency minimize weight and size of system in aerospace applications
• Currently, advanced electronic devices support power range from watts to megawatts which applicable in both regulated and raw power
• For instance: engines are replaced by mechanical and hydraulic actuators

Benefits of Power Electronics

To the continuation, now we can see about the advantages of using power electronics. The main objective of power electronics is to distribute power to the loads in low losses.  Further, the current study of power semiconductors is enhancing the result in chemistry aspects such as gallium nitride and silicon carbide, and gallium nitride. Similarly, it also creates advantages on other aspects which is given in the followings,

• Power transmission without physical communication channels
• Power generation in greater power density
• Power conversion enhances nearly 99% of performance
• Power system preparation is improved in the customized measurement of the power.
• Power production improvement is based on the interface of the power electronics with the use of link between the source and grid.
• Power transmission and switching in noise-sensitive applications that use medical sensors

At present, the emerging concepts are moving in the direction of creating advancement in the topology of power electronic models . More than this, it is very important to focus on a new variation of system modeling. For your reference, here we have added the significant needs of developing power electronics projects . When you satisfy all these requirements, then the whole power electronic system easily achieves the system performance with desired expects. Further, the requirements may vary based on application needs. 

Important Requirements of Power Electronics

• Enhanced control systems for multi-converters
• Electromagnetic and harmonics interference minimization
• Minimization of footprints via energy-driven density system utilization
• High-speed semiconductor switches and High-power ratings
• Efficient pricing strategy for reactive power
• Test-bed design and simulation for electronic entities
• Enhanced consistency of active and   passive entities

Next, we can see the advanced techniques of power electronics . These techniques are widely used in current power electronics research. Further, we also recommend other techniques based on project requirements. In the case of complexity, we design our own algorithm and techniques to tackle the problem efficiently. 

Technologies of Power Electronics

• For instance: Structure, Material and Interconnection Approaches
• For instance: EMC, Audio Communication, Physical Resource Communication and EMI
• For instance: Snubbing, Device Approaches, Security Mechanisms and Driving
• For instance: Circulation and Cooling Fluids
• For instance: Converters with Resonant Transition, Hard and Soft Switching
• For instance: Conductive entities, Capacitive entities and Magnetic entities
• Converter Control and Industrial Techniques

Then, we can see important research perspectives of the power electronics field . These concepts are gathered from our very recent review on important areas of power electronics . If you need to know Power Electronics Thesis Topics and research notions on these areas then communicate with us.

Recent Concepts in Power Electronics

• 1 Hz Oscillations of Dampen
• Management of Power Demand
• Dynamic Electricity Flow Control
• Run-Time Changing Voltage Support
• Oscillations of Dampen Low Frequency
• Power Generation and Load Control

Our researchers are creative in selecting power electronics topics from the latest areas. Only after analysing the research scope by recent research papers and future technologies, we handpick the topics. Beyond this below list of topics, we have also extended our support in other emerging research ideas . If you are interested to know other innovative power electronics thesis topics then communicate with us. We let you know your required information through a detailed explanation from our experts.

Latest Power Electronics Thesis Topics

• Security over Connected Power Devices
• Artificial Intelligence in Power Systems
• Interface Development of PLC Technologies
• Fault Tolerance-based Analytical Control Techniques
• Application Development of Smart Grids Systems
• Scalable Sensors-based Visual Media Transmission
• Efficient Power Production, Dissemination and Storage
• Power Systems and Converters Applications for Smart-Grid
• Identification and Assessment of Performance Parameter

Generally, thesis preparation is the most important phase in research. So, it is essential to focus more on this phase. We have a team of native writers who are technically strong in converting research thoughts into a chain of words . Our main objective of writing a thesis is to deliver your research efforts starting from disciplined system planning to system implementation .

While writing a thesis, we concentrate on handpicking novel topics, collecting essentials for writing a thesis , preparing creative thesis content, and revising the content for quality improvement. Most importantly, all this information is needed to be organized in chapters in the order of abstract, acknowledgment, table of contents, introduction, literature survey, methodologies, conclusion, and references/bibliography . These chapters may vary based on the suggested intuition format. Next, we can see the key tips to select good power electronics thesis topics.

• Confirm with the requirements given by your educational institution
• Verify that you are focusing on new topic or exiting one for betterment
• Select the innovative that describe your research question and suitable answers
• Conduct survey on related research papers
• Prepare the list of suitable topics and pick optimal one among them

Overall, we help you in the whole research process ranges from research topic selection to thesis submission with an assurance of fast acceptance. Further, if you have any queries or need to more about in required phase, then approach us.

• Interesting Top 9 Power Electronics Thesis Topics

Research Topics

Power Electronics Design

Power electronics architectures are trending increasingly towards modular multi-converter structures that facilitate plug-and-play operation while enhancing reliability and efficiency. Generally speaking, this could take the form of parallel-connected systems that promote current sharing or series-connected systems that enable operation at elevated voltages. Our group formulates high-performance solutions for parallel-connected converters in computational applications, point-of-load setups, as well as microgrids. Innovations in series-connected configurations facilitate medium-voltage energy conversion for batteries, photovoltaics, and solid-state transformer applications. 

Low-inertia Power Systems & Grid-forming Inverters

Modern energy resources, such as photovoltaics, batteries, wind, and electric vehicles are interfaced to the grid through power electronics. These interfaces are fundamentally distinct from conventional synchronous generators in that they do not contain moving parts and their dynamics are shaped with digital controls. As generation shifts from large rotating machines to collections of electronic interfaces dispersed across the grid, system dynamics will accelerate under reduced inertia and system structures will become increasingly decentralized. Our group is reimagining the way grids are built and stands at the forefront of grid-forming inverter technologies that enable scalable and resilient power systems. UW is also a co-lead of the UNIFI Consortium.

Electromechanics & Drives

Electromechanical drive systems for vehicles and modern variable speed mechanical systems entail complex multiphysics phenomena that span across the mechanical, electromagnetic, electrical, and control domains. Untangling this interplay of dynamical systems and unlocking high-performance solutions requires breakthroughs in the realms of modeling, design, and experimentation. On the analytical front, we are leveraging the universality of energy to formulate equivalent circuit models that reveal the operation of closed-loop drive systems in a lucid and visually intuitive manner. These approaches facilitate new design methodologies which are validated on custom-designed SiC-based drive circuits and high power density axial flux machines.

Opportunities

Students with interests in controls, power electronics, or power systems are encouraged to email me their resume along with a brief description of their background and interests.

Home > ETD > DEP_ECE > ETDB_ECE

Electronics And Communications Engineering Bachelor's Theses

Theses/dissertations from 2023 2023.

Portable semi-autonomous robot for agricultural insect pest recognition and elimination , John Dominic B. Aguila, Gian Kendrick T. Go, Carl Nixon D. Ong, Marc Lance J. Orsos, and Bryan Kenneth Q. Que-Unsu

Developing an automated IoT-based indoor farming system with optimal LED light quality control for leafy vegetable growth , Andre' Mitchelle L. Bamba, Elmark Joseph L. Corpus, Martin Adrian C. Enghoy, and Hanna Camille B. Gabay

LoRa on the bus: Time and location monitoring system for P2P buses , John Herald Angeles Bañez, Polo Gi Magtibay Dimayuga, Dominic Andrei Gawat Limpengco, and Lorenzo Miguel Ricafranca Pepino

PnP-MEDER: A plug-and-play P2P modular DC microgrid solution for rural areas , Angelo S. Casimiro, Lois Raniel D. Closa, Juan Miguel A. Sanchez, and Pierre Randell S. Yao

Development of an automated microcontroller-based in-vessel composting system for the household setting , Malcolm Andersen H. Co, Jan Ralph U. Go, Francis John N. Magallanes, and John Matthew B. Vong

Machine learning-based identification and classification of pulmonary nodules , Theodore Benito Cham Coteok II, Lenard Ryan Santos Llarenas, Joseph Villa Portugal, and Matthew Edward Segismundo Toro

Development of a cloud-based robotic arm platform in electrical circuit laboratory for Labvolt Equipment , Athena Bianca P. Dionido, Erika Kimberly H. Go, Matthew H. Gonzales, Jahmil Gabriel P. Reyes, and Errol John S. Velasco

A network-based solution and knowledge-building portal for monitoring goat feeding behavior pattern and agricultural technology information sharing , Anton Luis C. Garces, Gianne Marcus V. Obusan, Julianne Abbe R. Ong, and Samuel C. Perez

Intelligent flock of surface vehicles for collecting solid waste in bodies of water , Carl Heinrich I. Ong, Enrico Sebastian C. Salazar, Pierre Marie R. Salvador, and Oliver Scott Y. Te

Theses/Dissertations from 2022 2022

A remote monitoring system for pico-hydroelectric system , Darlene Alyssa P. Abaluna

Detection of harmful gasses in improvised explosive device using android technology: A prototype , Adrian William S. Alano, Arl Marion Josef Lintag Divino, and David Manasseh Crisostomo Soliman

Joystick controlled autonomous robotic arm using inverse kinematics with object detection , Edmark Jayson Q. Aldea, Roger Jayson M. Mendez III, Macario N. Peralta V, and Lia Sophia Y. San Miguel

Universal robust vehicle identification system , Lorenz Joshua Sebastian Alfonso, Tiffany Joy Ferrer Benitez, Cseanne Jaycons Original Cabalquinto, Francis Jerome Tabieros Perez, and Janet Yang

Human presence detection based on gathered thermal datasets through deep learning , Miguel Carlos Cariño Amoroso, Kenneth Roel Catapang Atienza, Riff Kurtees Tan Ladera, and Nico Angelo Mendoza Menodiado

Real-time spectrophotometric determination of coffee roast degree , Jerome Moises L. Andres, Angelo C. Araño, Don Levi Andre V. Diwara, and Cedric Paul M. Sazon

Solid waste identification and segregation hub (S.W.I.S.H.) , Ryan Jasper V. Ang, Justin James N. Hizon, and Kyle Daniel P. Pimentel

Development of a home healthcare system for a person under monitoring with remote access through web application , Jan Luis V. Antoc, Teofilo M. Contreras Jr., Michael Ryan B. Panes, and Emerson Karl M. Tiu

Drone team manipulation using hand gestures for object transportation , Reginald Geoffrey Lausa Bayeta IV, Kyle Jomar Casabuena Megino, Angelo Jose Teodorico Diaz Parco, and Anjelo Louise Gerardo Vicente

Development and implementation of a game theory based ride-sharing technique , Gabriel Antonio M. Borja, Gerard Ryan C. Ching, Francis Miguel M. Espiritu, and Kerwin D. Go

Design and implementation of LoRaWAN autonomous base station as a communication network for rural areas , John Benedict M. Carbonel, Angelo Crom S. Pestaño, Gilbert M. Roque Jr., Migio Antonio C. Tan II, and Raphaele Timothy A. Villarubin

Advance scorecard for boxing: Combat sport analysis with deep learning , Phillip Christian C. Cardino, Jamie Lynn T. Chua, and John Rossi Rafael R. Llaga

Designing a semi-autonomous medicine dispensing mobile robot using IoT with obstacle detection capabilities , Maria Victoria Tuazon Ching, Margaret Justo Dionisio, Stephen Gabriel Fernandez Garbo, Jann Carlo Nano Red, and Vince Macanas Salloman

Dagas: A mobile and web-based disaster relief goods management system , Kenley Lewis Ting Chiu, Jet Orville Que Chua, Emil John David Lopez, and Josef Lyle Huan Solis

PCB fault detection through the use of convolutional neural networks , Aivan Jarell P. Chua and Daniel Edric Y. Ong

Emotion-based music player using facial recognition , Adrian Richton D. Co, Nathan Jonah D. Delgado, and Jose V. Medalla III

E-balloon: A propellerless flight control system , Patrick Ross S. Coronel, Rafael Antonio S. Duenas, Efi Mikhael B. Gabriel, and Kyle Austin B. Hartigan-Go

Development of mobile-based point of sales android application for food and drink stalls , Trisha Angeline M. DeVera

Automated IoT enabled vertical farming: Planting atypical crops in an urban environment , Floyd Robert Cocabo Dim and Daniel Lester Costes Guillermo

Breast cancer screening application using thermographic images and machine learning analysis , Rency Christelle O. Evidente, Vincent Rafael T. Sayoc, Jason Patrick T. Uy, and Leila Yasmin C. Young

MRT trains mobility tracking using LoRa network , Samuel Alexander A. Pasia, Vince Matthew A. Rivera, Jereme Adriane D.G. Sy, and Bianca Clarisse Y. Tan

WiFi-based indoor positioning system in a multilevel building , Joshua Kenichi Y. Sim, Rica Rizabel M. Tagabuhin, and Jan Jayson S.D. Tirados

Theses/Dissertations from 2021 2021

Real time visual traffic map for vehicle density estimation using IP-CCTV networks , John Carl B. Bautista, Adrian Giuseppe Francis M. Fernan, Zendrel G. Gacuya, and Eldrine Jay Perez

Simulation of centroid control for payload transport using cooperative unmanned aerial vehicle team on a virtual environment , Lourdes Racielle B. Bulda, Matthew Zandrick G. Marasigan, Isabel F. Navarro, and Victor Antonio R. Valdes

Smart medicine dispenser with online dispensing capabilities , John Joseph M. Castillo

Implementation of field oriented control on brushless DC motors for UAV application , Jonathan U. Lao and Paulo Enrique D. Martin

LoRa rescue: Emergency distress signal geolocation system , Gregory James G. Pe, Robert Ianny Roi F. Quijano, and Benjamin Emmanuel C. Uy

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Electronics Engineering Projects

What is electronics engineering.

Electronics engineering is the engineering domain that deals with design and development of electricity powered applications. An electronics engineer makes use of microcontrollers, electronics components with printed circuit boards to develop electronics systems and devices.

#TrendingElectronicsProjects

All Electronics Projects

• Pesticide Sprayer Spider Robot with Grass Cutter
• Smart Shopping Trolley that Follows Customer
• IR Wireless Underwater Communication System
• Advanced Footstep Power Generation System using RFID for Charging
• Induction Motor Speed Controller Project
• Arduino Alcohol Sense Engine Lock
• Arduino Covid Disinfection Box
• Arduino Based System To Measure Solar Power
• Hybrid Inverter With Solar Battery Charging
• Fingerprint Based Bank Locker System
• Fingerprint Vehicle Starter Project
• TV Remote Controlled Home Automation PIC
• IOT Based ICU Patient Monitoring System
• Motion Based Door Opener With Metal Detector
• Automatic Light Intensity Controller By External Light Sensing
• Vehicle Movement Based Street Lights With External Light Sensing
• Traffic Density Control With Android Override Using Avr
• Alcohol Sensing Alert with Engine Locking Project
• Prepaid Energy Meter With Theft Detection
• Programmable Omni Direction Robotic Arm Vehicle
• Smart Room Temperature Controller Atmega
• Ultrasonic Radar Project
• IOT Irrigation Monitoring & Controller System
• Car Safety System With Airbag Notification
• Automatic Noise Level Monitor & Controller System
• Induction Motor Controller and Protection System
• IOT Covid Patient Health Monitor in Quarantine
• Smart Wireless Battery Charging With Charge Monitor Project
• DIY Bluetooth Gamepad for Android Gaming
• EV BMS With Charge Monitor and Fire Protection
• IOT Garbage Monitoring Using Raspberry Pi
• IOT Circuit Breaker Project
• Third Eye For Blind Ultrasonic Vibrator Glove
• Automatic Road Reflector Light
• Arduino Ultrasonic Sonar/Radar Monitor Project
• Remote Control Plant Watering System Using 8051
• Women Safety Night Patrolling Robot
• IOT Mining Tracking & Worker Safety Helmet
• Auto Baby Cry Detector Sleep Music Player PIC
• Auto Water Pump Switcher
• Auto Billing Mall Shopping Cart 8051
• IOT Flood Monitoring & Alerting System Using Ras Pi
• DIY Power Bank with Plasma Lighter
• Path Planner Robot for Indoor Positioning
• Wifi Based Secure Wireless Communication Using RSA
• IOT Car Parking System
• Solar Powered Battery Charging With Reverse Current Protection
• Multi Robot Coordination For Swarm Robotics
• Wearable Health Monitoring System Project
• Automated Night Lighting System
• Zigbee Based Gas Fire Detection System
• Short Circuit Indicator Project
• Sun Tracking Solar Panel Using Arduino
• Object Tracker & Follower Robot Using Raspberry Pi
• IOT Smart Energy Grid
• Bill Prediction & Power Factor Measuring With SMS Alert
• Car Accident & Alcohol Detector & Recorder Blackbox
• IOT Weather Reporting System using Adruino and Ras Pi
• Lifi Data Transfer System
• Ultrasonic Glasses For the Blind
• Social Distancing ID Card
• Industrial Production Line Counter System
• Pocket Piano Using 555 Timer IC
• Arduino Powered MP3 Player
• Portable PM10 PM2.5 Pollution Analyzer
• Smart Digital SchoolBell With Timetable Display
• Arduino Stepper Motor Controller
• Industrial Production Target Counter Display System
• Stop and Go Queue Entry Manager System
• Digital Car Turning and Braking Indicator
• RFID Token Based Appointment Calling System
• Digital Nameplate with Visitor Sensing
• Wearable Computer With Temperature Distance Sensors
• Weather Imaging CubeSat with Telemetry Transmission
• Ebike Speed Controller System
• Air Water Pollution Sensing Smart Watch
• Solar SeaWeather and Pollution Transmitter Buoy
• Coin Operated Water ATM with Bottle Dispenser
• Wearable Oscilloscope Smart Watch
• Contactless Switch For 4 Load Switching
• Smart Vehicle Headlight Auto Switching
• Contactless Gesture Controlled Study Lamp
• Earthquake Monitor and Alerting System
• 3D Scanner Machine using Arduino
• 4 Slot Coin Operated Cola Vending Machine
• Mobile Phone & Cash UV Disinfector for COVID
• 8 Leg Spider Robot by Theo Jansen Linkage
• IOT IV Bag Monitoring and Alert System
• Portable Induction Cooktop With Time/Temp Settings
• Barcode Scanner & Display using Arduino
• Electromagnetic Coil Gun 3 Stage
• Gesture Control Bicycle Indicator Gloves
• Wireless Master Joystick Controller for Robotics
• Automatic Coil Winding Machine
• Waterproof Action Camera Drone
• IOT Water Pollution Monitor RC Boat
• Voice Controlled Air Purifier
• Automatic Hydroponic Plant Grow Pot
• Video Calling/Recording Smartphone Stand
• Solar Power Bank with Wireless Charging
• Gesture Control Bluetooth Speaker
• Rain Sensing Hands Free Umbrella Bag
• LIDAR Micro Done With Proximity Sensing
• Contactless IOT Doorbell
• RC Underwater Exploration Drone
• Android Powered Juice Vending Machine
• IOT Smart Parking Using RFID
• IOT Syringe Infusion Pump
• Programmable Robotic Arm Using Arduino
• IOT Virtual Doctor Robot
• COVID-19 Vaccine Cold Storage Box
• IOT Weather Station Airship
• Solar Floor Cleaner Robot
• Arduino Multi Player Air Hockey Table
• Indoor Racing Drone with Action Camera
• DIY Tricopter Selfie Drone
• Automatic Wire Cutter And Stripper Machine
• 360° Aerial Surveillance UAV With IOT Camera
• 360° Filmmaking Drone For 4K HD Video
• Solar Outdoor Air Purifier & Air Quality Monitor
• Fire Extinguisher & Fire Fighting Drone
• IOT Garbage Segregator & Bin Level Indicator
• Fog Disinfection Handwash Machine To Save Water
• IOT Temperature & Mask Scan Entry System
• Semi Automatic Back Massager Machine
• Indoor Farming Hydroponic Plant Grow Chamber
• Portable PPE Kit Sterilizer Ozone + UV
• Thermal Screening Drone
• IOT Contactless Covid Testing Booth Automation
• Floating Sun Tracker Hydraulic Solar Panel
• AI Bartender Cocktail Maker Machine
• IOT Dog Daycare Robot
• IOT Social Distancing & Monitoring Robot For Queue
• Dual Mount Auto Sanitizer Dispenser
• Auto Indoor Hydroponic Fodder Grow Chamber
• Autonomous Theft Proof Delivery Robot For Food & Ecommerce
• Social Distancing & Mask Monitor Drone
• DIY Oxygen Concentrator Generator For Covid 19
• DIY Ventilator using Arduino For Covid Pandemic
• Auto Temperature Detector for Entrance For Covid Safety
• Waste and Garbage Recycling Vending Machine Project
• Raspberry Pi Based Vehicle Starter on Face Detection
• Gas Leakage Detection with Buzzer System using Atmega
• Water Pollution Monitoring RC Boat
• Multi-purpose Sea Surveillance + Search & Rescue RC Boat
• Zigbee based Wireless Home Security System
• Intelligent Surveillance and Night Patrolling Drone
• Automatic Waste Segregation System
• Arduino based Snake Robot Controlled using Android Application
• Garbage Collection Robot Using Wireless Communication Technology
• Smart Door Receptionist with Smart Lock
• Auto Selection of any Available Phase in 3 Phase Supply System
• ACPWM Control System for Induction Motor using AVR Microcontroller
• Greenhouse Monitoring and Control System using IOT Project
• IOT Based Coal Mine Safety Monitoring and Alerting System
• Advanced Automatic Self-Car Parking using Arduino Project
• IOT Based Heart Monitoring System Using ECG
• Smart Stand-up wheelchair using Raspberry Pi & RF
• Arduino Based Autonomous Fire Fighting Robot
• Dual Axis Solar Tracking System with Weather Sensor
• Face Recognition Door Lock System Using Raspberry Pi
• Raspberry Pi Vehicle Anti-Theft Face Recognition System
• Home Air Quality Monitoring System Project
• Voice Based Hot Cold-Water Dispenser System using Ras Pi
• Rotating Solar Inverter Project using Microcontroller 50W
• Vertical Axis Wind Turbine With Inverter
• Raspberry Pi based Weather Reporting Over IOT
• IOT Based Monitoring System for Comatose Patients
• Motion Controlled Pick & Place Obstacle Avoider Robot
• IOT Early Flood Detection & Avoidance
• IOT Prison Break Monitoring & Alerting System
• Plant Soil Moisture & Ph Sensing Alarm Using 8051
• Smart Crop Protection System From Animals PIC
• IOT Paralysis Patient Health Care Project
• RFID Based Smart Master Card For Bus Train Metro Ticketing
• Induction Motor Speed & Direction Controller
• DC Motor Speed Control Using GSM
• Mini Windmill Power Generation Project
• Raspberry Pi Wheelchair With Safety System
• Multiple Cities Load Shedding Using ARM
• Automatic Lemon Juice Vending Machine
• Solar Peizo Hybrid Power Charging System
• Zigbee Based Room Temperature Controller Project
• Load Sensing Seats With Lights Fan Control
• Secure Fingerprint Bank Locker With Image Capture
• Accurate Room Temperature Controller Project
• High Performance Hovercraft With Power Turning
• Smart Solar Grass Cutter With Lawn Coverage
• PC Based Home Automation
• Advanced Military Spying & Bomb Disposal Robot
• Human Speed Detection Project
• Hovercraft Controlled By Android
• Fully Automated Solar Grass Cutter
• Machine Overheat Detection With Alert
• Rf Controlled Spy Robot With Night Vision Camera
• GSM based Industry Protection System
• Automated Visitor Counter With 7 Segment Display
• Vehicle Theft Detection/Notification With Remote Engine Locking
• Android Controlled Automobile
• Home Automation Using Android
• Zigbee Based Secure Wireless Communication Using AES
• Voice Controlled Robotic Vehicle
• Automated Elevator With Overload Alert
• Gsm Based Weather Reporting (Temperature/Light/Humidity)
• Fingerprint Authenticated Device Switcher
• Fingerprint Based Exam Hall Authentication
• Rain Sensing Automatic Car Wiper
• Wireless Red Signal Alerting For Trains

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200+ Latest Electronics Projects For Engineering Students

• July 4, 2024
• By Ravi Teja

Electronics Projects for students – The projects which are having more demand in engineering level and especially very useful for ECE and EEE students. We are all well known that we cannot imagine our life without electricity even for single day as it became a part in our life. So, it is very important and beneficial to us if we learn some basic things about electronics.

This electronics concept deals with various small and large circuits which may include concepts like diodes, batteries, resistors, integrated circuits, etc. These concepts are very interesting to learn also. As day by day its importance growing at rapid rate.

We found that many people are showing interest to learn electronics concepts by joining in various electronics branches like ECE , EEE , etc. in engineering. They can get good knowledge on electronics only after doing some major projects or Mini Projects on Electronics in their engineering. For those people, the below list of electronics projects ideas would be more helpful.

We have collected best electronics projects list from various resources and listed them below in a tabular form. You may get best idea by reading all these project ideas and if you are interested, you may give few suggestions, comments, new electronic projects ideas for students.

Electronics Projects For Engineering Students:

Here are the electronic project ideas for college students:

• AI-Powered Home Automation System: Develop a system using AI to control home appliances via voice commands and automate routines based on user habits.
• Smart Traffic Light Control System: Create an AI-based system that optimizes traffic light timings using real-time traffic data to reduce congestion and improve flow.
• Autonomous Delivery Robot: Design a robot that uses AI for navigation and object detection, enabling it to deliver packages within a specified area autonomously.
• AI-Based Health Monitoring System: Build a wearable device that uses AI to monitor vital signs and predict health issues, alerting users to potential problems.
• Intelligent Surveillance System: Implement a security camera system that uses AI for real-time threat detection and anomaly recognition, enhancing safety and response times.
• Water Level Controller using 8051 Microcontroller : Here we are designing the circuit which is used to detect and control the water level automatically in overhead tank using 8051 microcontroller. It is used in industries to control the liquid level automatically.
• Car Parking Guard Circuit Using Infrared Sensor : This circuit helps the person in the driving seat in such a way that it gives an alarm if there is any obstacle or a wall while parking or while driving in reverse. It is very useful in our real life.
• Cell Phone Detector : This is a simple circuit which helps to detect the presence of an activated cell phone by detecting the signals in the frequency range of 0.9 to 3GHz. It helps in mobile phones tracking which are used for spying.
• Bidirectional Visitor Counter using 8051 : This Bidirectional Visitor Counter Circuit is helpful to count the number of persons entering or leaving a room and to display it on a screen.
• Password based Circuit Breaker : This password based circuit breaker project is built using 8051 controller and is used to switch off the power supply to the line by entering a password.
• Temperature Controlled DC Fan using Microcontroller : The main principle of the circuit is to switch on the fan connected to DC motor when the temperature is greater than a threshold value. This can be used in home applications and in cpu to reduce heat.
• Auto Intensity Control of Street Lights : This is a simple circuit that automatically controls the intensity of street lights which is designed using microcontroller and LEDs.
• Line Following Robotic Circuit using ATMega8 Microcontroller : This line follower robot is a basic robot that follows a specific path indicated by a line having some particular width.
• Digital Tachometer using 8051 Microcontroller : Here we designed a simple non contact tachometer using microcontroller which can measure speed with an accuracy of 1 rev/sec.
• 5 Channel IR Remote Control System using Microcontroller : This article is aimed to design and demonstrate a simple 5 channel remote control system to drive five loads. This circuit works on the principle of IR communication.
• Bipolar LED Driver Circuit : This bipolar LED driver circuit is very useful at the places where flashing of light is required, as in beacon flashing. This circuit can be mainly used for indication purposes.
• Celsius Scale Thermometer using AT89C51 : This Celsius Scale Thermometer circuit is designed using at89c51 and lm35. This circuit works on analog to digital conversion principle. It can be used at homes, mobile places like cars to keep a track of the temperature.
• Density Based Traffic Signal System using Microcontroller : In this system, we use IR sensors to measure the traffic density. We have to arrange one IR sensor for each road; these sensors always sense the traffic on that particular road. All these sensors are interfaced to the microcontroller. Based on these sensors, controller detects the traffic and controls the traffic system.
• Automatic Washroom Light Switch : This is a simple but very useful circuit in our real life which helps to automatically turn On the lights when a person enters the washroom and it automatically turns Off the lights when he leaves it.
• Automatic Door Bell With Object Detection : This automatic doorbell with object detection circuit helps to sense the presence of a person or an object automatically and rings the doorbell.
• Water Level Indicator : This Water Level Indicator project employs a simple mechanism which helps to detect and indicate the water level in an overhead tank or any other water container. It can be used in Hotels, Factories, Homes Apartments, Commercial Complexes, Drainage, etc.
• Password Based Door Lock System using 8051 Microcontroller : This system demonstrates a password based door lock system wherein once the correct code or password is entered, the door is opened and the concerned person is allowed access to the secured area. After some time, the door would be closed. Read this post completely to get more information.
• Boolean Algebra Calculator : This Boolean algebra calculator is an interesting project which is more useful in our real life by working as a portable calculator to simplify the Boolean expression on the fly. In our circuit, we use Boolean algebra simplification methods like the Quine-McCluskey algorithm to simplify the Boolean expression and display the output on the display.
• Auto Night Lamp using High Power LED : This Auto Night Lamp is an interesting circuit which helps to turn ON the LED lights interfaced to it at night time and it turns OFF the lights automatically when it is day.
• Mobile Jammer Circuit : This circuit is used to block the signals of cell phones with in the range of 100 meters. This circuit can be used in TV transmission and also for remote controlled toys or play things.
• Unbiased Digital Dice with LEDs : This is a circuit diagram of digital dice which is nearly unbiased. By using this circuit, there is no chance to cheat as the circuit operates at such a high speed that the circuit is almost imperceptible to the human eye.
• Metal Detector Circuit : This is a simple metal detector circuit which is very useful for checking the person in shopping malls, hotels, cinema halls to ensure that person is not carrying any explosive metals or illegal things like guns, bombs etc.
• Panic Alarm : This panic alarm circuit helps us to intimate others regarding our bad situation without any delay. It is more useful when an intruder entering our house or bad health status at which we are unable to intimate to the people around us.
• Wire Loop Breaking Alarm : This circuit works as a continuity tester device which tests the continuity of the wire at hand. It is an indispensable tool to check broken wires and undesired shorting of wires.
• Rain Alarm Circuit : Rain water detector will detect the rain and make an alert; rain water detector is used in the irrigation field, home automation, communication, automobiles etc. Here is the simple and reliable circuit of rain water detector which can be constructed at low cost.
• Automatic Plant Irrigation System : This project circuit is more useful in watering plants automatically without any human interference. It is more useful when the owner is not present in the home for few days.
• Lead Acid Battery Charger Circuit : Lead Battery is a rechargeable battery and is more useful in our real life as it will dissipate very little energy, it has very low energy to weight ratio, it can deliver high current, can work for long time with high efficiency and is very low cost.
• Motion Detector Circuit : The motion detector is not only used as intruder alarm but also used in many applications like home automation system, energy efficiency system, etc. The motion detector will detect the motion of the people or objects and give the appropriate output according to the circuit.
• Digital Voltmeter Circuit using ICL7107 : Here we designed a analog to digital converter working as a digital voltmeter using a low power three and half digit A/D converter ICL7107 having internal 7 segment decoders, display drivers, a reference and a clock.
• 8 Channel Quiz Buzzer Circuit using Microcontroller : We built the circuit using a microcontroller which scans the input from push buttons and displays the corresponding number on a display device.
• 2 Digit Up Down Counter : The main principle of this circuit is to increment the values on seven segment displays by pressing the button. This circuit can be mainly used in scoreboards.
• Bike Turning Signal Circuit : The objective of this circuit is to indicate left or right turn for bike/vehicle. Two identical circuits are needed, one is for left and the other is for right. The main heart of this circuit is 555 timer.
• Automatic Changeover Switch : This is a simple automatic changeover circuit in which DC load like a series of LEDs are driven either by a battery or an AC-DC power supply.
• UP/DOWN Fading LED Lights : This is a simple up/down fading LED lights circuit which can be used in shopping malls, home and security applications.”/>
• Police Lights using 555 Timer : This circuit simulates the police car lights by alternate flashing. This circuit flashes red LEDs for three times and blue LEDÂ’s for three times. This flashing action performs continuously. This circuit uses 555 timer and a decade counter.
• PWM based DC Motor Speed Control using Microcontroller : Here is a simple DC Motor speed control circuit designed using AVR Microcontroller . Here we use a technique called PWM (pulse width modulation) to control the speed of DC motor.
• Ding Dong Sound Generator Circuit : This is ding dong sound generator circuit is designed using 555 timer IC in astable mode. It can be used as doorbell. With some modifications, it can be used to produce different sounds. Read this post for complete details.
• PIR Sensor Based Security Alarm : This article explains about PIR based security system in which PIR sensor is used instead of transmitter or receiver. This saves the power consumption and is low cost. This circuit can be used in the museums to protect the valuable things.
• TV Remote Control Jammer : This proposed TV jammer circuit confuses the infrared receiver in a TV by producing the constant signal that interferes the remote control signal. If you switch on the circuit once, the TV will not receive any command from the remote. This allows you to watch your own program without anyone changing the channel or volume.
• Super Sensitive Intruder Alarm : This circuit is designed to alert the user when an intruder enters into the home. If there is any obstacle in front of IR sensor, it generates an interrupt signal. This interrupt signal is given to the speaker to alert the user.
• Remote Control Circuit through RF without microcontroller : Here we have used RF434 MHz modules to make wireless remote. Using this remote, we can control the appliances within the range of 100 meters. It is used for remote control applications like burglar alarm, car door alarm, calling bell, security systems, etc.
• High and Low Voltage Cutoff with Delay and Alarm : This high and low voltage cutoff with delay alarm circuit is an advanced automatic voltage stabilizer circuit and is used to protect our home appliances. It’s cost is less as compared to voltage stabilizers.
• Solar Battery Charger Circuit : Here is the simple circuit to charge 6V, 4.5Ah rechargeable Lead-acid battery from the solar panel. This solar charger has current and voltage regulation and also has over voltage cut off facilities. This circuit may also be used to charge any battery at constant voltage because output voltage is adjustable.
• Car Battery Charger Circuit : This article aims to describe the principle of operation, design and working of a simple car battery charger from AC mains supply and a feedback control section to control the battery charging.
• Simple 100W Inverter Circuit : This is a small Inverter circuit which converts the direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC).
• Construction of Basic Logic Gates using NOR Gate : Here, we have shown how to construct the basic logic gates – NOT, AND, OR gates using NOR Gate which is one of the universal gates.
• Police Siren Circuit using NE555 Timer : This circuit produces a sound similar to the police siren. You may also get detailed information about pin diagram and internal block diagram of NE555 timer.
• 100W MOSFET Power Amplifier Circuit : A power amplifier circuit using MOSFET has been designed to produce 100W output to drive a load of about 8 Ohms.
• Intelligent Unambiguous Night Lamp Switcher : This is the circuit diagram of unambiguous night lamp switch, which turns ON our domestic lights automatically when it is dark, without human interference. It also avoids repeated frequent switching of the devices which is usually ignored in most similar circuits but may have a detrimental effect on our operating devices.
• Automatic Railway Gate Controller with High Speed Alerting System : The main aim of this project is to operate and control the unmanned railway gate in the proper manner in order to avoid the accidents in the unmanned railway crossing.
• LED Flasher Circuit : LED Flasher is a simple circuit which will blink the LEDs in regular time period. This circuit can be used for decoration purpose or can be used for a signaling purpose and many more.
• Dancing Bi-Color LED Lights Circuit : Generally we use small voltage bulbs in the dancing bulbs. This circuit is mainly used in the occasions, decoration articles or in visual indication sign boards etc. In this project, we use bi-color LEDs for sequential running light.
• Thermistor Temperature Sensing Alarm : This circuit is a temperature sensing as well as alarm circuit. The circuit raises an alarm whenever the temperature crosses a certain limit.
• Pull Pin Security Alarm System : This circuit helps us to get alerted when anybody picks our pockets or bags. The circuit is very helpful to prevent our goods getting pick pocketed.
• Auto Turnoff Soldering Iron Circuit : This circuit helps the soldering iron to turn off automatically when it detects overheating and thereby avoids it from getting damaged.
• Remote Operated Alarm Circuit : This circuit rings an alarm when you point a TV remote at it and press on any button. This can be used as a calling bell to call your assistant.
• Battery Charger Circuit Using SCR : Here is the circuit diagram of battery charger circuit using Silicon Controlled Rectifier. SCR can be used in half wave rectifier, full wave rectifier, inverter circuits, power control circuits, etc.
• FM Bugger Circuit : Here is small circuit with which you can listen to another people conversation from long distance using the normal FM radio set. This FM bugger circuit is kept in room where you want listen the conversation. You can listen to this conversation using the normal FM radio set.
• Battery Powered Portable Light : This circuit is more helpful in handling unexpected and undesired darkness in our homes or offices. It provides considerable amount of brightness required to do our daily tasks.
• IR Remote Control Switch : By using this circuit, we can control any house hold appliance with the help of remote. In this project, there are two parts – one is in transmitting section and the other is in receiving section. Receiving section will be in a stable position which is connected to any load and transmitter will act as a normal remote.
• Cell Phone Controlled Robotic Vehicle : This is simple DTMF based Cellphone controlled robotic vehicle circuit without using microcontroller. It can be used in industries and surveillance systems.
• Human Detection Robot using 8051 Microcontroller : The main principle of the circuit is to detect the human using human detection sensor. The wireless robot is operated manually using PC. The wireless technology used here is Radio Frequency technology. The data is transmitted to receiver through RF.
• SMS Controlled Robot : GSM controlled robot or SMS controlled robot is a wireless robot which performs the necessary actions by receiving a set of instructions in the form a Short Message Service (SMS).
• Remote Password Operated Electronic Home Appliances : This circuit explains you how to control the electrical appliances using an Android device. Here, Bluetooth module is interfaced to 8051 microcontroller. This Bluetooth receives the commands from the Android application device using wireless communication.
• Metal Detector Robotic Vehicle : Land mines buried under the ground causes threat to the lives and affect the economy of the nation. Detection and removing of these mines manually is a dangerous task. So, we use a metal detection robot which works on RF technology.
• Water Level Alarm Using 555 Timer : This is a simple and low cost hardware project using a 555 timer circuit . The aim of this project is to design a water level detecting alarm with simple and low cost hardware without compromising on the performance of the device.
• Speed Control of DC Motor Using Pulse Width Modulation : This pulse width modulation technique is the more efficient way to proceed to manage the speed of our DC motor manually.
• Sun Tracking Solar Panel : This article describes about circuit that rotates solar panel. This Sun tracking solar panel consists of two LDRs, solar panel, stepper motor and ATMEGA8 Microcontroller.
• Touch ON and OFF Switch Circuit : This Touch ON/OFF Switch circuit is more useful in such a way that we can automatically ON or OFF any switch by touching a device without moving from our place.
• USB Mobile Charger Circuit : This circuit is useful in charging the mobiles through USB outlet present in our laptops and PCs. For the charging of your mobile phone, this circuit provides you a regulated voltage of 4.7 volts.
• Security Alarm Circuit : This circuit helps you to guard your precious documents as well as jewellery from intruders or theft. All you need is to just place this circuit in front of the locker or below the mat so when any unknown person come and walk over the switch, the circuit will trigger and sound of alarm comes.
• Mosquito Repellent Circuit : Here is the simple electronic mosquito repellent circuit which can produce ultrasound in the frequency range of 20-38 kHz, which can scare away mosquitoes.
• Simple FM Radio Jammer Circuit : This is a Jammer circuit which is used to block the signals. Jammer circuit produces the high frequency signal which will confuse the receiver of particular system from receiving the signal, even though circuit is working properly, user of the system feels that circuit is not working properly.
• Automatic Street Light Controller Circuit Using Relays and LDR : This circuit helps in automatically turn ON/OFF the street lights using relays and LDR. The whole circuit is based on IC CA3140.
• Battery Charger Circuit : This battery charger circuit works on the principle of controlling switching of an SCR based on charging and discharging of battery.
• PWM LED Dimmer Using NE555 : The Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) plays an important role in controlling the circuits. We use this PWM to dim the intensity of light of the LED.
• Simple Fire Alarm Circuits : Here are two simple fire alarm circuits which are used to detect the fire automatically and inform to the people immediately with an alarm.
• Wireless Switch Circuit using CD4027 : This is a simple circuit which needs no physical contact with the appliance. In this circuit, all you need is to pass your hand above LDR to ON or OFF the switch.
• Electronic Letter Box : This is a simple circuit which helps in finding out any letter dropped in our box by stopping the LED lights attached in this circuit.
• Clap Switch Circuit for Devices : This is another simple but very useful circuit which helps to ON or OFF a device without moving from you place and also helps to control the speed of the electric devices like fan, etc.
• 12v DC to 220v AC Converter Circuit : Here is a simple voltage driven inverter circuit which converts 12v DC signal to single phase 220v AC using power transistors as switching device.
• FM Transmitter Circuit : Here we built a wireless FM transmitter which uses RF communication to transmit the medium or low power FM signal. The maximum range of transmission is around 2 km.
• 100w Subwoofer Amplifier Circuit : Here is the circuit diagram and working of 100w subwoofer amplifier circuit. A Subwoofer is a loudspeaker which produces audio signals of low frequencies.
• DTMF Based Home Automation System Circuit : This is a simple and very useful circuit in our real life named DTMF controlled home appliances system. It helps to control the home appliances using DTMF technology.
• Street Lights that Glow on Detecting Vehicle Movement : This article describes about the circuit that switches the street lights on detecting vehicle movement and remains off after fixed time. This system controls the street lights using light dependent resistor and PIR sensor.
• 555 Timer IC Testing Circuit : This is a simple 555 IC testing-circuit which tests your entire 555 timer IC. So before using your IC, you may check whether your IC is good or bad by using this circuit.
• Curtain Opener/Closer Circuit : This circuit will open and close the curtain of your home and office just by pushing a switch. So with the help of this unique circuit, we do not need to move from one place to open and close the curtain.
• Variable Power Supply and Charger : This is a circuit which helps to check or test your electronic projects and also to charge the Mobile phone batteries. This circuit can also work as an emergency light.
• LED Running Lights Circuit : This is a simple circuit consists of 9 LED lights in knight rider scanner mode. It will present an eye catching look as the LED initially travel in the one way and then travel reverse in the similar direction.
• Luggage Security Alarm : This is a simple alarm circuit which helps in ringing a warning alarm when someone tries to steal the luggage.
• 9 Way Clap Switch Circuit : This circuit helps you to manage your appliances in your home by just clap without moving from your bed.
• 12V to 24V DC Converter Circuit : This is another kind of circuit which helps to convert 12V DC current to 24V DC current.
• 230V LED Driver : Here we design a simple circuit driving a series of LED from 230V AC. This is accomplished using a capacitor based power supply. This is a low cost and efficient circuit and can be used at homes.
• 3X3X3 LED Cube : This is a simple a simple LED cube circuit designed without using microcontroller. It is based on the principle of driving LEDs using the clock pulses.
• Monostable Multivibrator Circuit Operation : Here is the monostable multivibrator circuit diagram and working. Multivibrator is an electronic circuit which will work as two stage amplifier operating in both stable and astable mode.
• Interfacing16X2 LCD with PIC Microcontroller : This is a circuit which helps in interfacing 16×2 LCD to PIC18F4550 microcontroller which is of family PIC18F.
• 555 Timer in Monostable Multivibrator Mode : The circuit is triggered by a falling edge, that is, by a sudden transition from HIGH to LOW. The trigger pulse, produced by pressing the button, must be of shorter duration than the intended output pulse.
• 555 Timer as an Astable Multivibrator : In this circuit, There are three resistors named R inside it and all have equal values. These form a voltage divider having reference voltages of 1/3 and 2/3 of Vcc (the power supply). The logic state of the flip flop is controlled by the reference voltage which is given to one of the inputs of both two comparators.
• Mains Operated LED Light Circuit : This is a simple circuit which is more useful to save our resources, energy and money by installing in your homes.
• LED Lamp Dimmer Circuit : In this circuit, at the starting LED glows slowly, then grown brighter and once again slowly it became dim. The basis of the whole circuit is an operational amplifier IC named LM358.
• Variable Voltage Power Supply from Fixed Voltage Regulator : This Voltage regulator circuit is used to get fixed voltage at the output without depending on the input voltage.
• LED Christmas Lights Circuit : This is a simple circuit used to decorate your house by building christmas lights using LEDs. The lights will get ON at night and OFF in morning time.
• Audio Equalizer Circuit : The circuit is used to change the tune/melody into a different pitch level by devoid of loss in the tune. It is mainly useful to music lovers.
• Air Flow Detector Circuit : This Air flow detector circuit can be used to detect the flow of air in areas like car engine. It can also be used as temperature detector.
• 150W Power Amplifier Circuit : Here we designed a power amplifier circuit using push pull class AB configuration to derive a power of 150W to drive a load of 8 Ohms (speaker).
• 7 Segment LED Display Decoder : This is the circuit diagram of display decoder which is used to convert a BCD or binary code into a 7 segment code used to operate a 7 segment LED display.
• Digital Temperature Sensor : The main principle of this circuit is to display the digital temperature value. These are mainly used in environmental applications.
• Digital Stopwatch Circuit : This is a simple circuit that displays count from 0 to 59, representing a 60 second time interval. It consists of a 555 timer to produce the clock pulses and two counter ICs to carry out the counting operation.
• Toy Organ using 555 Timer IC : This is the circuit diagram of simple Toy Piano using 555 Timer IC. It produces different tones or sounds depending on the frequency range.
• RFID based Attendance System : This simple RFID based attendance system is designed using ATmega8 Microcontroller and is mainly used in educational institutions, industries, etc. where authentication is needed.
• Low Power Audio Amplifier using 555 Timer : This is a simple low power audio amplification circuit designed using 555 timer. It can be used to develop low power music systems used in vehicles.
• Interfacing 16X2 LCD to AVR Microcontroller : This is a circuit which helps in interfacing 16X2 LCD with AVR Microcontroller. The Atmega16 belongs to the AVR microcontroller family.
• Polarity cum Continuity Tester : With the help of this circuit, we can also identify whether the components we are using in our circuit are good or bad before mounting them on the PCB.
• Reaction Timer Game Circuit : This is a simple and funny game circuit which contains 10 LEDs that are moving in an arbitrary fashion and we have to target a particular LED given by your challenger.
• Understanding 7805 IC Voltage Regulator : This is a circuit diagram of 7805 IC which is a 5v DC regulated IC. It is very flexible and is employed in many circuits like a voltage regulator.
• Basic Logic Gates Using NAND Gate : We are all well known that NOT, AND, OR are the basic logic gates. Here we have shown how to design these basic logic gates using one of the universal gates – NAND Gate.
• Dummy Alarm Circuit : The main principle of the circuit is to flash an LED for every 5 seconds. The circuit consists of 7555 timer IC as main component.
• Reverse Parking Sensor Circuit : If you are a new driver then it is very difficult to judge the distance while parking the car. Reverse parking sensor circuit solves this problem by indicating the distance with the help of three LEDÂ’s. We can easily arrange this system at the back side of the car.
• Automatic LED Emergency Light Circuit : This is the simple and cost effective automatic emergency light circuit with light sensing. This system charges from main supply and gets activated when main supply is turned OFF. This emergency lamp will work for more than 8 hours.
• One Transistor Electronic Code Lock System : The main principle of this circuit is that the door lock opens only when the buttons are pressed in an order. The transistor and diode plays a main role in the circuit.
• Automatic Battery Charger : This charger automatically shut off the charging process when battery attains full charge. This prevents the deep charge of the battery. If the battery voltage is below the 12V, then circuit automatically charges the battery.
• Light Activated Switch Circuit : The main principle of this circuit is to switch ON the light when the LDR is illuminated. This circuit can be used in security applications like when there is darkness on the LDR, it stops lighting.
• Remote Operated Spy Robot Circuit : This is a simple spy robot circuit which can be controlled by the remote. The maximum controllable range is 125 meters. It is used to observe the behavior of wild animals where human beings cannot reach.
• Digital Voltmeter using 8051 Microcontroller : This is a simple digital voltmeter circuit designed using 8051 microcontroller. This circuit measures the input voltage from 0V to 5V. Here, the input voltage should be DC voltage to get the accurate output on LCD.
• Ultrasonic Rangefinder using 8051 : This circuit explains you how to measure the distance using 8051 microcontroller. This ultrasonic range finder system measures the distance up to 2.5 meters at accuracy of 1 cm.
• Stepper Motor Interfacing with 8051 Microcontroller : The main principle of this circuit is to rotate the stepper motor step wise at a particular step angle. The ULN2003 IC is used to drive the stepper motor as the controller cannot provide current required by the motor.
• Frequency Counter Circuit : Here we design a simple frequency counter system using two timers and two counters. While one of the Timer IC is used to produce clock signals, the other is used to produce the time limited signal of one second.
• Interfacing 7 Segment Display to 8051 : This article describes you how to interface seven segments to AT89C51 microcontroller. This system displays the digits from 0 to 9 continuously with a predefined delay.
• LC Meter using 555 Timer : This is a simple LC Meter circuit designed using 555 Timer and 8051 microcontroller. It is mainly used to measure value of a reactive element like a capacitor or an inductor.
• TV Transmitter Circuit : The main principle of this circuit is to transmit the audio and video signals. Here audio signals are frequency modulated and video signals are PAL modulated. These modulated signals are applied for the antenna.
• DC Motor Interfacing with 8051 Microcontroller : Here is a simple but very useful circuit in our real life named interfacing DC motor with 8051 microcontroller. It describes you how to control the DC motor using AT89C51 controller.
• Stun Gun Circuit : This Stun gun circuit is mostly used as a weapon to stun or send shock waves to the target with the intention to weaken or paralyze it.
• LED Interfacing with 8051 : The main principle of this circuit is to interface LEDs to the 8051 family micro controller. Commonly, used LEDs will have voltage drop of 1.7v and current of 10mA to glow at full intensity. This is applied through the output pin of the microcontroller.
• Wailing Siren Circuit : The main principle of this circuit is to produce a wailing siren. The 555 timer IC is operated in astable mode. When the switch is pressed, speaker produces high pitch siren and when it is released, its pitch decreases and is switched off after 30 seconds.
• Audio Tone Control Circuit : This article explains you how to design an audio tone control circuit with the gain of around 25. This design needs less number of components and it is cost effective.
• FM Remote Encoder/Decoder Circuit : This is a simple post which shows you how to design FM remote encoder and decoder circuit using RF600E and RF600D ICs. This pair of encoder and decoder ICs establishes the communication with high level security. The operating voltage of these ICs is from 2V to 6.6V DC.
• Wireless Mobile Battery Charger Circuit : This circuit mainly works on the principle of mutual inductance. This circuit may be used as wireless power transfer circuit, wireless mobile charger circuit, wireless battery charger circuit, etc.
• Battery Level Indicator : This article explains you how design battery level indicator. You can use this circuit to check car battery or inverter. So by using this circuit, we can increase the lifetime of battery.
• FM Radio Circuit : FM Radio circuit is the simple circuit that can be tuned to the required frequency locally. This article describes the circuit of FM radio circuit. This is a pocket sized radio circuit.
• LED Lamp Circuit using USB Port : This is a simple USB LED Light circuit which produces an output of 5v. It may be used as emergency light and also as a reading lamp.
• Interfacing GPS with 8051 Microcontroller : In this interfacing of GPS with 8051 circuit, GPS module calculates the position by reading the signals that are transmitted by satellites.
• How to Interface Real Time Clock with PIC18F : Get an idea about RTC, PIC Microcontroller pin diagram and how to interface RTC with PIC18F. RTC is an integrated circuit which keeps track of current time.
• Random Number Generator using 8051 : This circuit helps to generate a random number in between 0 to 100 when push button is pressed and it may be used in the games like monopoly, snake ladder.
• Active Audio Crossover Circuit : Audio crossover is an electronic filter used in audio applications to send the appropriate signal to the speakers or drivers. This circuit is used in HiFi audio systems to separate the frequency bands from audio signal.
• IR Audio Link Circuit : This simple IR audio link circuit is used to transmit audio signals wirelessly. This IR audio link is able transmit audio signals up to 4 meters.
• Cellphone Controlled Home Appliances : This mobile controlled home automation system is designed without using microcontroller. We can also control a robot using this technology by making some modifications.
• Variable Voltage Power Supply : This helps to design a variable power supply circuit which will provide 0 to 28V at 6 to 8 amps. It can be used in various power amplifiers and oscillators to provide DC supply.
• Digital Clock using 8051 : This circuit displays the time on LCD. For this clock, we can set the time at any instant. Here the clock works in 24 hour mode and the RTC chip is configured by programming 8051 controller.
• GSM Interfacing with 8051 : The main principle of this circuit is to interface a GSM modem with the microcontroller. The microcontroller used is AT89C51 microcontroller.
• Multi Channel Audio Mixer Circuit : This audio mixing circuit has 2 MIC inputs and 2 line inputs. If you want to increase the input channels according to the application then add same circuit in parallel with the existing circuit.
• Puff to OFF LED Circuit : The main principle of the circuit is to turn off the LED by a puff. The puff applied to the mic is converted into a voltage whose value is very small. This voltage is amplified and applied to the circuit in order to make the led turn off.
• Biometric Attendance System : The main aim of this circuit is to take the attendance using biometric method and display when requested. This can be used in educational institutions, industries, etc.
• Light Activated Alarm Circuit : The main principle of this circuit is to produce sound depending on the light intensity falling on the circuit. As the light intensity falling on the circuit increases, it produces pulses with more duration and thus producing more sound. The main part of the circuit is 555 timer IC.
• Electronic Eye Controlled Security System : This is a simple electronic eye controlled security system circuit designed using 7805 voltage regulator and LDR. It is used in security applications.
• 10 LED VU Meter Circuit : VU Meters are used in many applications like discotheques to measure the level of audio signals. Here is the circuit diagram and working of LED VU Meter.
• Wireless Electronic Notice Board using GSM : This wireless electronic notice board using GSM Technology and microcontroller circuit is used to display the data on LCD whatever we sent from the mobile.
• AI-Driven Energy Management System: Develop a system that uses AI to optimize energy consumption in buildings by learning usage patterns and adjusting power settings accordingly.
• Smart Agriculture System: Create an AI-based system for monitoring soil conditions, weather patterns, and crop health, helping farmers optimize their yield and resources.
• AI-Based Handwriting Recognition: Design a system that can accurately recognize and convert handwritten text into digital format using machine learning algorithms.
• Voice-Activated Personal Assistant: Build an AI personal assistant that can perform tasks like setting reminders, sending messages, and providing information through voice commands.
• Predictive Maintenance for Industrial Machines: Develop a system that uses AI to predict equipment failures and schedule maintenance, reducing downtime and improving efficiency in manufacturing.

More Electronics Project Ideas For Students

Below is the list of useful electronic projects for engineering students:

• Working of light dependent resistor
• Wireless Remote to Control 255 Different Appliances Individually
• Wireless motor control through RF
• Wireless message Communication Between Two Computers
• Wireless Electronic Notice Board Using GSM
• Wireless Control Of Robotic Arm
• Wireless Audio Transmitter for TV
• Water Tank Overflow Alarm
• Water Sensor Circuit
• War Field Spying Robot with Night Vision Wireless Camera
• Voltage Doubler Circuit Using IC 4049
• Voltage boost by using a resistor with 78XX
• Voice Controlled WheelChair
• Visually Camouflaged Vehicles for Military Purposes
• Visual Monitoring and Alerting System for Restricted Areas
• Vision Operated Home Automation For the Physically Disabled
• Video Activated Relay to Control the Load
• Vibration Alert System for the Deaf
• Velocity Detector Using Ultrasonic Means
• Vehicle Indicator
• Variable power supply and charger with emergency light
• Using TV Remote as a Cordless Mouse for the Computer
• User Defined String Display and Marquee Scrolling using LED Array
• UPFC Unified Power Factor Control
• Unique Office Communication System Using RF
• Understanding Decade Counter CD4017
• Underground Cable Fault Distance Locator
• UM3561 IC Based Security Alarm
• Ultra Fast Acting Electronic Circuit Breaker
• Turn ON at Night Light Controller with Single Sensor Ambiguity Elimination
• Tsunami Detection and Social Broadcast System
• Transistor based Security Alarm
• Transistor Based Secret Bell
• Transistor as audio amplifier
• Transformerless Low Loss DC Converter
• Touch Screen Based Remote Controlled Robotic Vehicle for Stores Management
• Touch Screen Based Industrial Load Switching
• Touch Screen Based Home Automation System
• Touch Controlled Load Switch
• Tone generator Circuit Diagram
• Toggle switch using CD4017
• Toggle flip flop using CD4013
• Timer Circuit using IC CD 4060
• Timer Circuit using IC 4026
• Timer Based Code Lock
• Timed Switch With User Defined ON and OFF Intervals
• Time Delay Based Relay Operated Load
• Thyristor Power Control by IR Remote
• Thyristor Controlled Power for Induction Motor
• Thumb Sized Adjustable Voltage Step Up Circuit
• Three Phase Solid State Relay with ZVS
• Three Phase Fault Analysis with Auto Reset on Temporary Fault and Permanent Trip Otherwise
• Thermistor Based Temperature Control
• Theft Intimation of Vehicle Over SMS to Owner Who Can Stop the Engine Remotely
• Text to Speech Conversion For Indian Languages
• Temperature Broadcaster to Twitter Using Arduino Ethernet Interface
• Tampered Energy Meter Information Conveyed to Concerned Authority by Wireless Communication
• Synchronized Traffic Signals at Various Junctions Using PIC Microcontroller
• SVPWM Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation
• Suitcase Security Alarm
• Step Up 6 Volt DC to 10 Volt DC Using 555 Timer
• Stamp Value Calculator for Postage Needs
• Staircase Light That Turns ON and OFF Automatically When Required
• Spell Effect Sign Display Circuit
• Speed Synchronization of Multiple Motors in Industries
• Speed Checker to Detect Rash Driving on Highways
• Sound Operated Switch
• Sound Operated LED
• Sound Generation using 555
• Sound generation in audio range
• Solar Powered LED Street Light with Auto Intensity Control
• Solar Powered Auto irrigation System
• Solar Power Charge Controller
• Solar mobile phone charger circuit
• Solar Energy Measurement System
• Smooth Start of a Single Phase Induction Motor
• Sleep Sensing and Alerting System for Drivers
• Single Wheeled Self Balancing Bot
• Single switch motor on/off.. Clockwise/anticlockwise
• Sine Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM)
• Simple AC to DC converter using bridge rectifier
• Short Range Ultrasonic Radar With Distance Measuring Capabilities
• Shadow Counter Solar Powered Long Range Communication System using Microwave Devices
• Shadow Alarm using LDR
• Self Switching Power Supply
• Seismic sensor
• Security System With User Changeable Password
• Security System Using Smartcard Technology
• Security Alarm for Doors, Almirah, cupboards using Opam
• Secure room access system
• Secret Code Enabled Secure Communication Using RF Technology
• SCADA (Supervisory Control & Data Acquisition) for Remote Industrial Plant
• Safety Alarm Circuit
• RFID security access control system
• RFID Based Passport Details
• RFID Based Paid Car Parking
• RFID Based Door Access Control
• RFID Based Device Control and Authentication Using PIC Microcontroller
• RF Electrically Directional Antenna Based Tracking System
• RF Controlled Robotic Vehicle With Laser Beam Arrangement
• RF Controlled Hovercraft
• RF based Wireless Remote Control
• RF based Intruder Alarm
• RF Based Home Automation System
• RF based Fire Alarm (Overheat Alarm)
• Remote Tester Circuit
• Remote Controlled Toy Car
• Remote Control For Home Appliances
• Reminder Alarm
• Relay operation using Darlington Pair
• Relay control through mic
• Relay control by sound
• Relay activation using TSOP 1738
• Refrigerator Door Alarm
• Raspberry Based Home Automation
• Random Number Generator Using 7 Segment Display
• Railway Track Security System
• Railway Level Crossing Gate Control through SMS by the Station Master or the Driver
• Quadracopter with Video transmission Ability
• Quadracopter with Six Degrees of Freedom and Obstacle Avoidance Built in Pulse Counter Fed with Infrared Pulses
• Programmable Switching Control for Industrial Automation in Repetitive Nature of Work
• Programmable Load Shedding Time Management for Utility Department
• Programmable Energy Meter for Electrical Load Survey
• Programmable AC Power Control
• Pre-programmed Digital Scrolling Message System
• Predefined Speed Control of BLDC Motor
• Precision Current Source With Keypad interface to Select the current
• Precise Illumination Control of Lamp
• Precise Digital Temperature Control
• Pre Stampede Monitoring and Alarm System
• Pre Set Off Timer
• Power failure alarm
• Post Encryption Data Scrambling For Maximum Data Security random order
• Portable Programmable Medication Reminder
• Porch Light (Auto Turn Off Light) Circuit Diagram
• Pocket CRO using Android
• Pin-Pong Ball Board for Eye Catching Marketing
• Piezo sensor as output
• Piezo sensor as input
• Pick N Place with Soft Catching Gripper
• Phase Sequence Checker for Three Phase Supply
• Phase Preserving Image Denoising for Maximum Noise Removal
• Periodically Turning On & Off Mosquito Repellent Circuit Diagram
• PC Temperature Controller
• PC Controlled Scrolling Message Display for Notice Board
• PC Based Wireless Appliance Control
• PC Based Electrical Load Control
• Password Based Circuit Breaker
• Parked Vehicle Indicator
• Parallel Telephone Lines with Security System
• Parallel Port Based Home Automation on Linux
• Panic Sensing and Spontaneous Stabilization System for Cars to avoid Accidents
• Overheat/Overcooling circuit breaker
• Over Voltage or Under Voltage Tripping Mechanism
• Optimum Energy Management System
• Opamp as comparator
• Obstacle Avoidance Robotic Vehicle
• Object Detection by Ultrasonic Means
• Object Counter with 7 Segment Display
• Number Guessing Game
• Notepad Lamp
• Non inverting amplifier
• Night Lamp with Timer for Stairs
• Networking of Multiple Microcontrollers
• Negative supply using 555 IC
• NE 555 Timer based Automatic Headlight
• Music (Data) transfer by IR
• Multi-Utility Flashing Light
• Multitone Generator Circuit
• Multipurpose Timer With Musical Alarm
• Multimeter Using Android Smartphone
• Multi Color Lighting
• Movement Sensed Automatic Door Opening System
• Motion Detector
• Mobile Phone Sniffer With Over 10 Meter Range Using An Ultrasonic Device as Antenna
• Minimizing Penalty in Industrial Power Consumption by Engaging APFC Unit
• Miniature Photonic Rat Bot
• Miniature Disguised Location Transmitter for Military Spying
• Military Grade Video based Steganography
• Microscope Using A Smartphone
• Metal Detector Robotic Vehicle
• MATLAB based Landscape Surveillance System
• Magic Eye using 555 Timer IC
• Magic Eye Circuit Using 4049 IC
• Low pass filter
• Low Cost Touch Screen For Instant Drawing And Presentations
• Long range IR
• Long Range FM Transmitter with Audio Modulation
• Location Mapping Ariel Vehicle
• Location Mapping and Routing System for the Blind With GPS Support
• Location Broadcaster Using Arduino Ethernet Interface
• Liquid level Alarm
• Lighting Controller Counts How Many People are in a Room
• Light sensor using photodiode
• Light detector
• Light dependent frequency variation using LDR
• Life Cycle Testing of Electrical Loads by Down Counter
• LED Lamp Using CA3140 IC
• LED Based Pendulum Circuit
• LDR Based Automatic Lamp
• Lamp Life Extender by ZVS (Zero Voltage Switching)
• IR Obstacle Detection to Actuate Load
• IR Controlled Robotic Vehicle
• Invisible Image Watermarking in Python
• Inverting amplifier with signal feedback
• Inverting amplifier using 741
• Interfacing 4026 with 7 segment display
• Intelligent Bot Network for Area Monitoring and reporting
• Integrated Energy Management System Based on GSM Protocol with Acknowledge
• Infrared (IR) sensor
• Industrial Temperature Controller
• Industrial Power Control by Integral Cycle Switching without Generating Harmonics
• Industrial Battery Charger by Thyristor Firing Angle Control
• Induction Motor Protection System
• Incoming Phone Ring Light Flasher
• Image Watermarking Using Python
• IC555 based Multicolor LED Lamp Circuit Diagram
• IC 555 Based Message Display Circuit
• Humidity Detector Circuit
• Home Automation Using Digital Control
• Hit the Target Game
• High Voltage DC Upto 2kv from AC by Using Diode and Capacitors in Voltage Multiplier Circuit
• High Voltage DC by Marx Generator Principles
• Hidden Active Cell Phone Detector
• H-bridge using transistor
• Hardware Level Bit tracing and Data Interpolating Forensic System
• Hardware Authentication Dongle with Fingerprint Recognition
• GSM Based Monthly Energy Meter Billing via SMS
• GSM Based Energy Meter Reading with Load Control
• GPS enabled Quadracopter
• Gesture Operated Wheel Chair
• Generating time delay with 555 IC
• Full range centigrade temperature sensor
• Frequency Counter Using Smartphone
• Four Quadrant DC Motor Speed Control with Microcontroller
• Four Quadrant DC Motor Control without Microcontroller
• Flip Flop based Staircase Switch
• Flash Memory with Self Destroy Master Lock
• Flash Flood Intimation Over GSM Network
• Fixed voltage power supply
• Fire Powered Mini Portable Power Supply
• Fire Fighting Robotic Vehicle
• Finger Print Based Security System
• Fastest Finger Press Quiz Buzzer
• FACTs by SVC (flexible ac transmission)
• FACTs (flexible ac transmission) by TSR
• Facebook Connected Arduino And Intelligent Event Reporting
• Fabrics That Generate Energy using Dye Based Solar Cells
• Electronic Timer Circuit
• Electronic Thermometer for Beverage Temperature Measurement
• Electronic Soft Start for 3 Phase Induction Motor
• Electronic Number Game
• Electronic Notepad
• Electronic Nose to Indicate gas Leakage in Underground Mines and Industries
• Electronic Eye Controlled Security System
• Electronic Dog to Sense The Proximity of a Specific Purpose
• Electronic Code Locking System
• Electronic alarm for cash box, lockers
• Electromagnetic Climbing Robots for Industries
• Easy to Use Automatic Light Controller to Turn ON Lights In Dark
• Dual converter Using Thyristors
• DTMF Decoder
• DTMF Based Load Control System
• DTMF Based Car Lock System
• DNA Based Mathematical Calculator
• Distance Measurement by Ultrasonic Sensor
• Display System used in Restaurant
• Display of Dialed Telephone Numbers on Seven Segment Displays
• Dish Positioning Control by IR Remote
• Discotheque Light Stroboscopic Flasher
• Differential amplifier
• Detecting Power Grid Synchronization Failure on Sensing Frequency or Voltage Beyond Acceptable Range
• Darkness Detector Alarm
• Cyclo Converter Using Thyristors
• Continuous Speech to Text Conversion for Indian Languages
• Continuous Speech Processing Using Python
• Contactless Liquid Level Controller
• Comprehensive Threat Detection for Offices
• Combinatorial Digital Circuit Logic Determining Device
• Color distinguished using LDR/Color sensor using LDR
• Coin Toss/Flip Simulator Circuit
• Closed Loop Control for a Brushless DC Motor to Run at the Exactly Entered Speed
• Clock with LED pendulum with tick tock sound
• Cell Phone Operated Land Rover
• Cell Phone Based DTMF Controlled Garage Door Opening System
• CD4049 Based LED torch
• CD4001 IC based Lighting System
• CD 4060IC based Message Display Circuit
• CD 4060 Based Security Alarm
• CD 4027 Based Emergency Lighting System
• CD 4013 Based Two Way Switch
• CD 4013 based Sound Sensing Module
• Car Reverse Horn
• Camouflaged Voice Recording and Transmitting System
• Burglar alarm based Home Security System
• Bluetooth Controlled Robot
• BLDC Motor Speed Control with RPM Display
• bidirectional Rotation of an Induction Motor with a Remote Control Device
• Beacon Flasher Using Microcontroller
• Bathroom Light Off Timer
• Background Interpolation for Selective Image Cancellation
• AVR based Heart Rate Monitoring System With Health level Indicator
• Automatic Wireless Health Monitoring System in Hospitals for Patients
• Automatic Wash Basin Tap Controller
• Automatic Vehicle Image Capturing When Overriding traffic lights
• Automatic Threshold Detection System for Phase Preserving Image Denoising
• Automatic Surveillance Camera Panning System from PC
• Automatic Star Delta Starter Using Relays and Adjustable Electronic Timer for Induction Motor
• Automatic Speed Regulation Depending On Incoming Vehicle On High Ways (Fuel Injection)
• Automatic Solar Tracker
• Automatic solar street light controller
• Automatic Road Level Detection And Alerting System for Cars
• Automatic Power OFF timer for CD player
• Automatic light/dark indicator
• Automatic Light Lamp with Morning Alarm
• Automatic Light Beam Shifting Of Vehicles On High Ways
• Automatic Heat Detector
• Automatic Fan Speed Regulator
• Automatic Exhaust Fan Control Coupled To Gas Leak Detection
• Automatic Elevator Light and Fan Controller
• Automatic Dialing to Any Telephone Using I2C Protocol on Detecting Burglary
• Automated Vehicle Identification and Toll-Pass System.
• Automated Traffic Signal Controller
• Automated Car Parking System
• Auto turn off battery charger
• Auto Selection of Any Available Phase, in 3 Phase Supply System
• Auto Power Supply Control from 4 Different Sources: Solar, Mains, Generator & Inverter to Ensure No Break Power
• Auto Metro Train to Shuttle Between Stations
• Auto charging grinding machine with solar power
• Auto Braking System For Cars Detecting Momentum and Road Irregularities
• Audio Amplifier using Opamp
• ATmega644 JTAG Debugger
• Ariel Red Herrings to Mislead Missile Tracking Systems
• Arduino Ethernet Interface for Industrial Automation
• Arduino Based World Intelligent Event Detection and Alert System with Network Interface
• Arduino based Waveform Generator For Electronics Laboratory
• Arduino Based Swarm Bots
• Arduino Based Online Database Interfacing
• Arduino Based Earthquake Detection Social Network Broadcast system
• Anti Theft Alarm for Bikes
• Android Controlled Wheel Chair for the Physically Handicapped
• Android Based Waveform Generator
• Android Based Waveform Analyser
• Amplifier for Musical ICs
• AES256 bit Highly Encrypted Image Steganography
• AES128 Encrypted hardware Lock Using AVR ATMEGA-16
• Active high trigger for 555 in monostable mode
• Accident Detection and Avoidance System Using Doppler Radar Interfaced with ATMEGA16
• A Swarm of Mutually Interacting Metal Detecting Robots For Scanning the Area
• A Multiple Bots Operated with a Single Base Station
• 90 Second Timer
• 555 Timer As Amplifier
• 4 Player Quiz Buzzer
• 3D Notice Board using LED Cube
• 2 to 4 Amp arduino Based Motor Shield

You may also get an idea about some other projects by visiting the following links:

• Embedded Systems Projects
• Electrical And Electronics Schematic Symbols

55 Responses

Pls can u mail me the synopsis of rf controlled hovercraft

It’s very useful for us

Hey Shravan, Glad to know that it’s useful for you, we love to provide more information to help students to grow their knowledge.

can you tell me what software is used for designing of circuit

Cadance can be used

It has been useful to me

proteus 8 is the best to design any electrical circuits download it for for free and use it

for all of these

yes i know right? it orgasmic!

thank you…

thank you sir

Plz give me new project idea for my….branch related .my field is instrumention& control

good information for students.. thank you sir

good information for students… thanku sir

good information for students…

very good information

Too Good,i want more micricontrolar ( arduino) projects

Too good ,please inform me How to make a cell phone.

please, can you provide me the synopsis of “coin operated water dispenser system “,and also the program for the ic which will be used????

I really appreciate your contribution to making we engineers realise who we are because your tutorials are very useful and easy to understand…. Thanks very much.. I’m from Africa. Nigeria.

Too,much i know wonna know how to make fm transmiter

As we are in final year .for doing your project we need a the on title “five axis rotation robotic arm with base rotation ,elbow & wrist motion with functional gripper”. so pls send this paper immediately. kindly send it.

I would like to purchase Boolean algebra calculator project

Thanks ,, needs more details on how to program arduino

Lovely circuits…. Please, I need a timer circuit that doesn”t involves using an IC…

please give me new innovative project ideas related to embedded domain

can u please provide us circuit project without using IC…plss

Iam electronic and communication engineering student.i am intrested in learning board programs.can u please give me the couses names which have good demand in companies.

Just love this place.

I am much into circuit project. Thus I will definitely choose radio circuit project. Anyway, thanks for sharing this information

Useful Information for Students. It’s really too good.

Thanks,for all project i learn more

Hi there, the whole thing is going perfectly here and ofcourse every one is sharing data, that’s in fact good, keep up writing.

Thanks a lot for sharing a master piece advice here

Really good article; specially the idea about “Transformerless Low Loss DC Converter”. Keep it up. In future want to see like this more.

I like it. it’s very interesting and informative.

Sir / Madam, I need a circuit which should control TORQUE and RPM of a DC MOTOR.

Speed Control of DC Motor Using Pulse Width Modulation – https://www.electronicshub.org/speed-control-of-dc-motor-using-pulse-width-modulation/

The site is very useful.

i just love this

how can i get pdf of all these projects ? with many regards

sorry, we don’t provide any pdf at the moment. but, you can find all the details about these listed projects like construction, program, components list, and output video in the corresponding page.

I have prepared the car battery charger , It works very very thanks

i want some mini projects based on communications

goood ideas favrt place

Usefull for the hobbiest.

i just love designing circuits and I found the above guidance awesome. I will take some of the projects and try on my own…

After going through this article I remembered my project which I made in my final year!!! We were a group of 3 friends made an automated car parking system using microcontrollers. Thanks for taking me back to my old memories!!

I need information of a new project.the project is about identifying the expiry date of a vehicle using QR code and raspberry pi and camera.If you dont mind please mail me the information.

It’s very good place to find idea for the Electronic project.

I am highly interested to follow electronics hub with sufficient videos

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Latest Topics in Electronics and Communication (ECE) for project, research, and thesis

Electronics and Communication is an important field with respect to our daily life. There are a number of good topics in electronics and communication engineering (ECE) for thesis, research, and project. New developments and research are going on in this field. It has made our life, even more, easier and comfortable.

Mobile phones and Communication network have brought the world closer. All thanks to electronics and communication engineers working towards the development of these electrical products. Talking about academics, students are often confused about which topic to choose in electronics and communication for project, thesis or for the seminar. M.Tech students find it even more difficult to choose a good master thesis topics in communication engineering. Even after the choice of the topic is made, students are unable to get proper thesis guidance and thesis assistance in ECE.

So what to do?

Here are some of the latest and best topics in electronics and communication which you can choose for your thesis, projects, and seminars for M.Tech and Ph.D. You can get thesis help in any of these topics from the thesis guidance experts.

Latest Thesis and Research Topics in Electronics and Communication(ECE)

Following is the list of latest  topics in Electronics and Communication(ECE) for the project, research and thesis:

Fibre Optic Communication

Embedded systems, nanoelectronics, oled(organic light emitting diode).

Zigbee Technology

Human Area Network

Bluetooth is a low-power wireless technology used for exchange of data within a short range. Bluetooth build a Personal Area Network(PAN) for exchange of data between mobile devices. This technology was invented by Ericsson in 1994. Bluetooth is based on radio technology known as frequency-hopping spread spectrum. In this technology, the data is transmitted in the form of packets. It is a very good topic for an M.Tech thesis. Thesis help in this topic can be taken from an expert in this field. Along with this it is also a very good choice for major project in ECE. There are two processes of Bluetooth technology:

Basic Rate/Enhanced Data Rate(BR/ED) –It uses point-to-point topology to enable continuous wireless communication between two devices. The common example for this is wireless speakers.

Low Energy(LE) – It uses multiple network topologies for communication which include point-to-point, mesh and broadcast. Point-to-point is for one to one device communication. Broadcast is for one to many device communication. Mesh is for many to many device communication.

Many consumers are using this technology worldwide for streaming audio, data exchange and broadcasting information. Bluetooth technology uses a variety of protocols. The Bluetooth protocol stack is divided into two parts: Controller Stack and the host stack.

The controller stack is implemented in low-cost silicon devices that contains Bluetooth radio and a microprocessor. The host stack is implemented on the top of the operating system or as an installable package on the operating system.

How Bluetooth technology works?

The Bluetooth network is also known as Personal Area Network or Piconet in which there are 2 to 8 devices. One is the master device that initiates the communication while other are the slaves. The slave devices respond to the action of the master device. The master device governs the transmission between the slave devices. A slave device may begin transmission only in an allotted time slot.

A scatternet is created when a device participates in more than one piconet.

Features of Bluetooth Technology

Following are some of the features of Bluetooth technology:

Based on radio technology.

Power consumption is less.

There are fewer complications.

Applications of Bluetooth technology

Wireless mobile phone headset.

Bluetooth enabled laptops and Pcs.

Wireless mouse and keyboard.

Data transfer between mobile devices.

Disadvantages of Bluetooth Technology

Along with benefits, there are certain disadvantages of Bluetooth technology. Some of these are:

High battery consumption.

Security is poor.

The data transfer is low.

Lower bandwidth.

For transmission of large amount of data fibre optic communication is the perfect choice. This type of communication is used to transmit data over long distances over the computer network. This technology converts electronic signals into light signals and the signals are transmitted through the optical fibres. It is a very good choice for your M.Tech thesis project. Thesis help in this topic can be taken from professionals in this topic. Some of the characteristics of this type of communication are:

High bandwidth

Long distance communication

Less electromagnetic interference

Transmission Security

How Fibre Optics Communication works?

Unlike other form of communication, in fibre optics, the communication takes place in the form of light signals. The components of fibre optics communication are:

Transmitter

Light source

The transmitter receives input in the form of electrical signals which are converted into light signals using a light source like LED and laser. The light signal is transmitted using optic fibre cable to the receiver where it is converted back into electric signals. The receiver consists of a photodetector that measures the frequency of the optic field. The wavelength near to the infrared is used for communication.

Photodetector – A photodetector is a device that converts light signals into electric signals. Two types of photodetectors mainly used in fibre optic communication are PN photodiode and avalanche photodiode.

Advantages of fibre optics communication

Some of the advantages of fibre optics communication are:

Higher transmission bandwidth

Data transmission is higher

Low power loss

Higher Security

Immunity to electromagnetic interference

Disadvantages

High installation cost

More number of repeaters

More maintenance is required

Embedded Systems are the type of physical hardware systems with software embedded in that. This system is microprocessor or microcontroller-based and can be independent or can be a part of larger system. This system is specifically designed to perform some tasks. It is a hot topic for thesis, project ad for seminar. If you know little about this topic you can also take thesis guidance for this topic. Following are the three components of embedded systems:

Real-Time Operating System

Characteristics of Embedded Systems

The characteristics of the embedded systems are:

Single Functionality – Embedded Systems are specifically designed to perform a single task.

Tightly Constrained – Embedded Systems are based on constraints like design, cost , size, and power.

Reactive – Embedded Systems are reactive in nature i.e. they instantaneously react to any changes in nature.

Based on microprocessor – Embedded Systems are microprocessor and microcontroller based.

Memory – These systems have ROM(Read Only Memory) embedded in that as there is no need of secondary memory.

Connectivity – These systems have peripherals connected to them for input and output.

What an Embedded System consists of?

The basic structure of an embedded system consists of the following components:

Sensor – To measure the quantity of a system by converting it into electrical signals.

A/D Converter – It is required to convert analog to digital signals.

Processor – It processes the data and stores it into memory.

D/A Converter – It converts digital to analog signals.

Actuator – An actuator compares the output of the D/A converter to the expected output.

Advantages of Embedded Systems

These systems can be easily customized.

These have low power consumption.

The cost is comparatively low.

The power is enhanced.

Disadvantages of Embedded Systems

High efforts in development

Marketing is not easy.

Nanoelectronics is a field that deals with the use of nanotechnology in electrical components. On the other hand, nanotechnology is a branch of engineering that deals with the matter at an atomic and molecular level. Nanoelectronics more or less is based on the transistors. The transistors used here have size lesser than 1000 nanometers. These are so small that there is separate study to understand the inter atomic interactions as well as quantum mechanical properties. These transistors are designed through nanotechnology and are very much different from the traditional transistors.

The work that a nanoelectronic device can do depends upon its size. With increase in volume, the power of the device will increase. The development in this field is in progress as there are some limitations of it when used in real world.

Different approaches to nanotechnology

The different approaches to nanotechnology are:

Nanofabrication

Nanomaterials Electronics

Molecular Electronics

Nanophotonics

Applications of Nanoelectronics

Certain development and applications have been made in this field of nanotechnology which are as follows:

Nanoradio – These will have nanoprocessors for its working with high speed and performance. Carbon nanotubes are being used in this application.

Nanocomputers – Traditional computers will be replaced by nanocomputers for higher performance and speed. Detailed research is being carried out in this field.

Medical Diagnostics – Nanoelectronic devices can detect biomolecules and thus will help in medical diagnostics.

Energy Production – Research is being conducted to create energy efficient solar cells, galvanic cells and fuel cells.

VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration)

VLSI is a process to create Integrated Circuits(IC) by combining together thousands of transistors on a single chip. Microprocessor is an example of VLSI. Before the development of VLSI, the Integrated Circuits had limited functionality and performance. VLSI gives the ability to add CPU, RAM, ROM and other such functions on a single chip.

Due to this, the electronics industry has recorded a commendable growth.

Design of VLSI

VLSI maily consists of front-end design and back-end design. Front-end design is the digital design while back-end design is the CMOS(Complememtary metal-oxide semiconductor) library design. The steps followed while designing a VLSI are:

Problem Specification – In this step, various parameters are studied like size, cost, performance and functionality.

Architecture – In this step, specifications like floating point unit, ALU, RISC/CISC and cache size are studied.

Functional Design – The functional unit along with the input and output are defined in this step using a block diagram.

Logical Design – The main logic of the system is designed at this step. Other developments in this step include boolean expression, register allocation, control flow and word width.

Design of the Circuit – The circuit is designed after the logical design by the use of gates and transistors.

Physical Design – The complete layout of the system is designed at this step through geometrical representation.

Packaging – The final product is obtained after putting together all the chips into a single printed circuit board.

Advantages of VLSI

The advantages of VLSI are:

Size of the circuit is reduced.

Cost of the device is reduced.

Increase in overall performance and speed.

Higher reliability

Find its use in almost every field from computers to medicines.

OLED is a type of LED( Light Emitting Diode) with a small change that the component that produces light is made up of a thin layer of organic compounds. This organic semiconductor layer is situated between the two electrodes. It is mainly used for flat panel displays, mobile devices, and smartphones. There are two types of OLEDs :

Based on small molecules

Using polymers

Working of OLEDs

Organic LED work almost in the same way as traditional LEDs with some changes. In this instead of n-type and p-type semiconductors, organic molecules are used to produce electrons and holes. There are 6 layers of OLED. The top layer is known as the seal while the bottom layer is called the substrate. There are two terminals between the top and the bottom layers – anode(positive terminal) and cathode(negative terminal). In between these terminals, there are the organic layers one is the emissive layer and the other one is the conductive layer.

A voltage is connected to the anode and the cathode. Electricity starts flowing and the cathode starts receiving electrons while the cathode starts losing them. As the electrons are added, the emissive layer starts becoming negatively charged while the conductive layer starts becoming positively charged. The positively charged holes starts jumping towards the emissive layer. When the positive hole meets the negatively charged electron ,a photon is produced which is a particle of light.

Advantages of OLEDs

These are superior to LCDs.

These are thinner, lighter and flexible.

The respond time is faster.

They produce true colors with better viewing angle.

Disadvantages of OLEDs

These have comparatively less life time than the LCDs.

The organic molecules degrade over the time.

These are very sensitive to water.

ZigBee Technology

ZigBee is an IEEE 802.15.4 based communication system designed for wireless personal area network . This standard allows the physical and media access control layer(MAC) to handle various devices at a very low-data rate. The main characteristics of this technology is that it is low powered and low cost. It controls and manages application within a range of 10-100 metres. Moreover, it is less expensive than the Bluetooth and Wifi.

Architecture of ZigBee

This system consist of the following three devices:

ZigBee Coordinator

The ZigBee coordinator acts as the bridge and the root of the whole network. It handles and stores the information by performing some data operations. The ZigBee routers are the intermediatory device that allows data to pass to and from other devices. The end device communicates with the parent node. The ZigBee protocol consists of the following 5 layers:

Physical Layer – This layer performs the modulation and demodulation operation.

MAC Layer – This layer access different networks using CSMA to check for reliable transmission of data.

Network Layer – This layer looks after all the operations related to the network.

Application Support Sub-Layer – This layer matches two devices according to their services and needs.

Application Framework – This layer provides two types of data services. One is the key value pair and the other one is the generic messages service.

ZigBee Operating Modes

There two modes of operation in ZigBee:

Non-beacon – In this mode, there is no monitoring of the incoming data by the coordinators and the routers.

Beacon – In this mode, the active state of the incoming data is continuously monitored by the coordinators and routers thereby consuming more power.

Applications of ZigBee Technology

ZigBee finds its application in the following fields:

Industrial Automation

Home Automation

Smart Metering

Smart Grid Monitoring

Human Area Network is a wireless network also referred to as RedTacton that uses the human body as a medium for high-speed transmission. It is different from other wireless and infrared technologies in the sense that it uses tiny electric field emitted on the surface of the human body. It is a very good topic under ece thesis topics list. 

The human body forms a transmission path whenever a part of it comes into contact with the RedTacton transceiver. Body surface can be hands, legs, arm, feet or face. It can work through clothes and shoes. Whenever the physical contact between the transceiver and the human body is lost, communication ends.

It has the following three main features:

The communication can be triggered by human movements like touching, gripping, walking, sitting, and stepping for obtaining data.

The transmission speed is not depleted when many people are communication at the same time as the transmission path is human body surface.

Conductors and dielectrics can be used along with the human body.

Working of Human Area Network

The approach of Human Area Network is different from other networks. It does not use electromagnetic waves or light waves for data transmission. Instead, it uses weak electric signals on the human body for transmission. It works as follows:

The RedTacton transmitter generates a weak electric signal on the human body surface.

Any changes caused by the transmitter to the electric field is sensed by the RedTacton receiver.

RedTacton depends upon the principle that the changes in the weak electric field can cause a change in the optical properties of an electro-optic crystal.

These changes are detected using a laser and the result is produced in the form of electrical signals.

RedTacton uses CSMA/CD(Carrier Sense with Multiple Access with Collision Detection) protocols for transmission.

GPRS stands for General Packet Radio Services. It is a packet-based service for 2G and 3G mobile communication. It is standardized under European Telecommunications Standards Institute(ETSI). It provides higher data rates for Internet on mobile phones. It is based on GSM(Global System for Mobile) communication and provides additional services on circuit-switched connections and Short Message Service(SMS). It is another popular topic for final year project, thesis, and seminar. 

GPRS has the following main features:

It has lesser cost than the circuit-switched services as the communication channels are shared.

It provides variable throughput and latency.

It provides data rates of 56-114 kbps.

It supports IP, PPP, and X.25 packet-based protocol.

Services offered by GPRS include:

SMS(Short Messaging Service)

Internet Access

MMS(Multimedia Messaging Service)

Push-to-talk service

Instant Messaging

Point-to-point(P2P) and point-to-multipoint(P2M) services

It stands for High-Speed Packet Access. It is a combination of two technologies named HSDPA and HSUPA for uplink and downlink. This provides high-speed data access. It can provide download speed up to 384 kbps. It uses WCDMA protocols and improves the performance of the existing 3G mobile communication. Students looking for ece project ideas can work on this topic. 

Components of HSPA

Following are the two main components of HSPA providing a link between the base station and the user:

HSDPA(High-speed Downlink Packet Access) –  HSDPA is used to provide support for packet data and a data rate of 14 Mbps. Also, it helps in reducing delays.

HSUPA(High-speed Uplink Packet Access) –  It also provides data support with improved features along with data rate of 5.74 Mbps. 

Benefits of HSPA

There are a number of benefits of HSPA but following are the significant ones:

HSPA uses a higher order of modulation for data to be transmitted at a higher rate.

It uses a Shorter Transmission Time Interval(TTI) to reduce the round trip time and reduction in latency.

It uses a shared channel for transmission which provides a great level of efficiency.

To maximize the channel usage, link adaption is used.

Fast Node B scheduling is used with adaptive coding and modulation to respond to the constantly varying radio channel and interference.

These were some of the topics in electronics and communication for your project, thesis and for your seminar. Thesis help and thesis guidance can be taken for ece thesis topics from thesis guidance agencies.

Techsparks offer thesis and research help in electronics and communication (ECE). You can contact us on this number +91-9465330425 or email us at [email protected] for any help in all the latest topics in electronics and communication. You can also fill the query form on the website.

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Electronics Projects for Engineering Students

The most demanding projects in the engineering field are electronics projects because they are very common for electronics, instrumentation, biomedical, and electrical engineering students. We all know that life without electricity for a single day we cannot imagine because it has become like a part of our life. So, learning the basic concepts of electronics is very essential as well as beneficial. There are different concepts in electronics which deals with different circuits. The concepts may include resistors, capacitors, diodes, integrated circuits, microcontrollers, etc. This article list electronics projects for engineering students. These projects are very helpful for ECE/EIE/EEE students.

The following electronics projects are very useful for ECE and EEE engineering students.

Voting Machine in Cellular using Microcontroller

At present in elections, EVM or electronic voting machine is used. Here the proposed system is introduced namely cellular-based voting machine using microcontroller. This system includes two units like a voting unit and a master unit. The arrangement of a voting unit can be done anywhere but the master unit can be placed within a control system. The voting unit includes a DTMF for generating a tone. This tone can be transmitted toward the master unit using the FM transmitter. The master unit includes a DTMF decoder, FM receiver, Display Unit & Microcontroller. This tone can be received through the receiver & decodes by a microcontroller then displays on LCD.

Identification of Power Theft using Micro Controller

Every year, the rate of power theft has been increasing so to the electricity board it has become a big challenge. Because of this reason, the electricity board getting a total of 8% of revenue. To overcome this problem, here is a system namely power theft identification. This project identifies the power theft & intimates to the board via the power line.

Conversion of CD Player from Audio to Video

We know that audio CDs are used to play audio CDs only. These can also be converted to play video CDs. The CD player used for audio has a mechanism to play the CDs of video excluding a MPEG card. This card can be included in the CD player which is readily accessible in the marketplace. This card plays a key role in decomposing the data from CD player & changes into video signals in a proper way before supplying it to the TV.

Detection of Over Speed Automatically

In India, day by day increasing the number of road accidents due to over speed. To overcome this problem, a device is invented namely a speed detector. The main feature of this device is, it operates from the distance of 100m so that over speed the vehicle is simply identified. As compared with the normal speed detector, this detector doesn’t work on the Doppler Effect; however, it works on extremely consistent laser beams. Another benefit of using this device is, it can be used on any kind of road & transferable easily.

RFID Based Door Access Control

The conception of entrance control is brought about by the mean of a card, a parallel card reader, and a control board that is amalgamated with the server. This is a proximity card with a unique ID number incorporated in it. The card reader interprets the data and sends it to the control board, which is a microcontroller. This microcontroller tests the legality of the data with the incorporated server, which abides the database. The attached server is uploaded with the details of the worker for that unique ID number.

The control board confirms whether the person is permitted to enter the precise door or not. If the worker is genuine, then the person is permitted to enter the door.

The workers can be allowed in a particular doorway as per the designation. The entry control is used at this end. RFID technology employs frequencies inside the range of 50 kHz to 2.5 GHz. An RFID mechanism usually comprises the following constituents:

• An RFID device that encloses data
• An antenna employed to broadcast the RF signals amid the reader and the RFID machine
• An RF transceiver that produces the RF indications

A reader that collects RF broadcasts from an RFID machine and passes the data to the host system for further action.

Automatic Solar Tracker

The automatic solar tracker begins to follow the SUN exactly from sunrise, all through the day, till sunset, and begins the work all over again from sunrise the next day. On hazy weather day, it lingers motionless and grasps the SUN yet again as it peeps out of clouds. It does all this mechanically, by employing inexpensive and economical constituents, and is extremely accurate. Let us make out how all this is done.

There are 3 Electronic sections to be elucidated. First is the parallel sensor section. It makes use of the 555 timer IC in the mono-stable approach. Pin 2 or trigger pin of 555 is hooked up with a power separator network. Pin 4 which can be reset is hooked up with an extra power separating network.

Don’t Miss: Latest innovative  Electrical Projects for Students.

Cell Phone Operated Land Rover

Traditionally, wireless controlled robots make use of RF (radio frequency) circuits , which have their disadvantages of restricted operational range, limited frequency range, and limited control. This project introduces the use of the mobile phone for robotic control.  This technology is more controller friendly as it doesn’t interfere with other controllers and can use up to twelve controls.  It also has the advantages of robust control and provides a working range as large as the coverage area of the service provider. Although the look and capabilities of these robots vary, they share mechanically movable structures under some form of control. The robots are controlled in three phases namely reception, processing, and action. Here preceptors are sensors mounted on the robot and the processing is done by an on-board microcontroller or processor . This robot works either with the help of motors or with some other actuators.

The robot is controlled by making a call on the mobile phone attached to the robot. In the course of the call if any button is pressed a ‘dual-tone multiple-frequency’ (DTMF) tone is heard at the other end of the call. The cell phone mounted on the robot perceives this tone and then the robot processes it by the ATmega16 microcontroller with the help of DTMF decoder MT8870.

Automatic Room Light Controller with Bidirectional Visitor Counter

The main aim of this project is to create a controller-based model to calculate the number of human beings tripping any particular space and as a result, illuminate the space. At this juncture, we can make use of sensors and can make out the number of persons present in the space at the moment. In the present world, there is a constant requirement for mechanical appliances with a boost in the standard of living; there is an intellect of importance for creating circuits that would lessen the complications of life. Also if at all one desires to make out the number of individuals present in the room so as not to enclose overcrowding. This circuit is extremely helpful.

PC Based Wireless Appliance Control

The corresponding port of the personal computer is a controlling podium for executing projects transacting with the control of real-world peripherals. It can be utilized to control domestic and other electric appliances. The computer program in the course of the interface circuit manages the relays, which, in return, turn the appliances ON or OFF. Here we explain how to control wireless electric appliances from a distant position by making use of the RF (radio frequency) module.

For this personal computer (PC) based wireless appliance controlling system, you require to intend and build up the necessary hardware & software. The corresponding port of the PC is employed controlling the appliances at the broadcaster side. The RF edge is employed as a substitute for the IR to conquer all the disadvantages of the IR interface. The PC indicators are broadcasted from the RF transmitter and acknowledged by the RF recipient.

Solar Mobile Phone Charger Circuit

This small device makes use of a tiny three-volt solar cell to charge a six volt NiCad battery set which, in return, possibly is employed to charge lots of models of mobile phones and other handy gadgets. The circuit “search” power from the solar battery by keeping it loaded close to 1.5 volts (utmost energy transferable value) and trickle charges the inner battery set with current pulses. The uncomplicated circuit is not as efficient as possible but it handles a reputable 70% at 100 mA from the battery and 30% when the battery is supplying only 25 pretty excellent mA without leaving for a lot additional problem or making use of other foreign or unwanted constituents.

Note: This circuit is planned for making use of a low voltage battery to charge a high voltage battery. Don’t employ it to charge a battery at the equal or low voltage than the cells produce. The circuit desires a battery load to toil efficiently. Various cell phone models have different charging necessities and this charger possibly will not labor with all those models.

Finger Print Based Security System

This fingerprint project is created to evade the security issues of organizations. In this project, the fingerprint sensor reads the thumbprint of the related individual and that copy will be contrasted with the image registered prior, if both the images are matching, then the fingerprint machine activates precise task such as the right to enter a protected area, detection of the member of staff, etc. The project comprises 2 approaches, the primary one is the master approach and the next is the user approach.

The master approach is employed to record the fresh user and provides the method of permission. The master approach can generate and erase the users from the system. A user approach is a normal approach employed for the verification of a member of staff. In the user approach of permission, the formation and removal of an existing user cannot be done. The key idea of this project is to grant the authentic right of entry to various divisions in a company by reading the employee’s thumbprint.

Wireless Control Of Robotic Arm

The main aim of the robotic arm project is by employing the rf-FSK method to control the robotic arm. The principles mainly employed to develop in designing the industrialized applications which are supple and simply improved to use in the near future.

There is a big issue in a number of industries where a human being cannot toil. This is because the temperature of the industrial room is more than a temperature that is suitable for human working. In order to conquer the difficulty of high-temperature wireless control, the robotic arm was designed. This robotic arm is brought into play for working in those circumstances where human beings cannot work and also the robotic arm can be controlled by bringing into play wireless method which is in trendy these days.

The wireless method employed in our assignment is rf-FSK. This robotic arm circuit is interfaced with a microcontroller (P89C51R2) , keypad, and Motors. The motors are connected with each other creating a robot’s arm which is again interfaced with a panel enabled with keys to control.

Electronic Notepad

The main intention of our project is to design & put forward a handy electronic notepad. The notepad will comprise of a touch screen with a storage memory to accumulate data written. This notepad will give the facility to transfer data to a computer as and when required. This transfer is done with the help of software that interprets the data & displays on the screen. The notepad has high accuracy & fast sampling rate which will help in displaying the exact drawing which you made. A microcontroller & SD card is interfaced with the notepad’s circuit. At your command, the microcontroller transfers the data to the SD card of the computer with the help of a serial connection.

Human being Skin as Touch Screen

The mobile industry has brought many revolutionary changes in the field of mobile, from big & bulky handsets to small & portable sets, from keypad operation to touch screen facility. This project aims at using human skin arms or palm or leg as a touch screen panel. All you need to do is wear a band in your wrist, which will display all the data from your mobile to your skin & you can use it as a touch screen technology as in Iphones. To execute further actions you just need to type the command on your skin & with the aid of an acoustic sensor, this sensor reads the command from your skin & executes it. The acoustic sensor is employed to analyze the precise tissue density and extra biometric data from your skin, to decide the kind of command you have specified.

While traveling around the world you may wonder a little & appreciate the structures & other man-made creations then at this time you may thank the technologies of engineering , with the help of engineering theories several revolutionary changes have been made in human life. Regardless of what engineering field you are in–whether it be mechanical, aerospace, electric, electronics, or material handling–engineering procedures are critical as well as interesting.

Don’t Miss:   200+ Electronics Projects for Engineering Students with Free Abstracts

Advanced Electronics Projects List

The advanced electronics mini projects list is discussed below.

IR Sensor-based Car Parking Security

This project is used to give an alert to the car driver while parking the car or while he driving in the reverse direction if there is any wall or obstacle occurs.

Circuit Breaker using Password

The design of this project can be done with the help of an 8051 controller. This project is mainly used to deactivate the power supply by entering a secret word.

Remote Control System for Five Channel using Microcontroller

This project is used to design a simple & easy five-channel based remote control system, used to drive 5 different loads. This project uses the IR communication principle.

AT89C51 Microcontroller based Thermometer with Celsius Scale

The designing of this Thermometer can be done using AT89C51 & LM35. This circuit mainly uses the A/D conversion principle. This circuit is used at mobile places, homes for tracking the temperature.

Door Bell based on the Detection of Object

This doorbell project is used to detect the object that helps in sensing the existence of a person automatically & generates the doorbell.

Breaking Alarm through Wire Loop

This project works like a continuity tester device to test the stability of the wire. It is an essential tool to ensure broken wires as well as shorting of wires.

ICL7107 based Digital Voltmeter Circuit

This project is used to design an A/D converter that works like a digital voltmeter with less power. It uses an ICL7107 A/D converter that includes a 7-segment decoder, a CLK, a reference & display drivers.

Charger Circuit for Battery using Solar Energy

This circuit is used to charge a rechargeable Lead-acid battery with 6V, 4.5 mAh with the help of a solar panel. This charger includes the regulation of voltage, current & facility of over voltage cut off. At constant voltage, this circuit is used to charge any kind of battery at a stable voltage due to adjustable output voltage.

Robot for Detecting Human with 8051 Microcontroller

This project is used to design a robot for detecting the human with the help of a human detection sensor. This robot can be operated manually with the help of a PC. The technology used in this project is RF wireless technology. By using this technology, data transmission can be done.

Home Automation System through DTMF

The proposed system like an automation system for home using DTMF will help in controlling different appliances in the home. So DTMF plays a key role in controlling the appliances.

GSM based Electronic Notice Board Wirelessly

This project is designed with GSM technology using a microcontroller. Here microcontroller plays a key role in displaying the data on liquid crystal display, the data which we transmit through the mobile.

Audio Mixer Circuit through Multi-Channel

The circuit-like audio mixing includes two MIC inputs as well as two line inputs. If we want to enhance the input channels based on the usage then the additional circuits can be added in parallel to this circuit.

Power Generation through Footstep

The proposed system namely generating power through footstep is used to charge mobile phones.

Solar Panel based Robotic Vehicle Controlled through RF

The project Solar panel-based robotic vehicle-controlled through RF is used to monitor an area. This robot can be built with a solar panel and a camera with 350 degrees. This robot can be controlled through RF and mainly used for security purposes.

Alarm Generation Anti-Sleep Truck Drivers

This project designs an alarm system for anti-sleep drivers. This system is used to check the eye movement of the driver continuously. If this system detects that the vehicle driver in a sleepy condition, then an alarm can be generated to give an alert to the vehicle driver to the person to awake from the sleepy condition.

Electronics Mini Projects

The list of mini electronics projects for engineering students includes the following.

Street Light Project

This simple project is mainly used for designing a street light system. This street light will turn OFF in day time and turn ON at night time. This project is designed with an LDR or light-dependent sensor. In order to detect the light that is required to make a decision when to deactivate or activate the circuit. In this project, LDR uses the principle like the occurrence of light will cause the resistance of the LDR sensor to set off low. This circuit can be changed by using LEDs instead of a lamp. This project is very simple to design and not expensive.

SCR based Charger for Battery

In electronics, this is one of the simple projects. In this project, a simple circuit is designed for charging the batteries. An SCR or Silicon Controlled Rectifier is utilized for rectifying the mains voltage for charging the battery. This circuit can be designed with fundamental transistor switching techniques & different electrical and electronic components are used which are obtainable in different electronics shops.

Detector Circuit for Air Flow

This project is mainly used to make an indicator so that the airflow rate can be illustrated in a given space. The detection of airflow can be done with the help of a filament of an incandescent bulb. The changes because of the resistance change within the incandescent because of the airflow are set to the input of an LM339 op-amp.

Water Level based Alarm Circuit

This project is used to generate an alarm once the water level increases above a fixed level. This circuit is designed with a basic astable-multivibrator designed with an IC 555 timer.

A resistance probe is placed on a position where the alarm is turned ON, once the water level increase to the set level. This circuit uses fewer components & it can be simply connected on a printed circuit board.

Alarm Circuit for Fire with Low Cost

This project is used to detect fire and generates an alarm. Therefore, it gives an alert to the people where it is connected in the building. A BC177 transistor is used to detect the temperature generated because of the fire. A preset level can be set aside for the transistor. Once the temperature increases beyond the fixed level, then the leakage current from the transistor increases, therefore other transistors within the circuit can function. This circuit uses a relay for switching the bell load. The components used for the circuit can be attained simply & this circuit is very simple to design.

FM Radio Circuit with Single Chip

This is a simple project mainly applicable to engineering students. A TDA7000 IC is used in this circuit with an FLL (Frequency-Locked-Loop) system with a 70 kHz frequency. This circuit is very simple to design and low cost.

Circuit for Digital Stop Watch

This project includes a digital watch that can be designed with a 555 timer IC as well as a 4-bit digit counter IC. The IC used in this project is IC MM&4C926 & a 7-segment display. The assembling of this circuit can be done on PCB easily.

High &Low Voltage Cut-off through Delay & Alarm

This project is used as a simple project as well as a major project at a home for electrical appliances. This project is used to defend high voltage fluctuations. This circuit can be designed with simple electronic components such as diodes, LED, transistors, and a monostable multivibrator with an IC 555 timer. This circuit can also be changed to an automatic voltage stabilizer with some easy modification in the circuit.

Switch Circuit Activated through Light

This circuit is designed with a comparator LM311 & an LDR The LDR output is given to the inverting terminal of the comparator. When there is no light at LDR, the resistance will be high similarly, when the light falls on LDR, then the resistance will be dropped. So the voltage will be reduced at the input terminal of the comparator. So the comparator generates high o/p so that transistor will be turned ON to make the relay ON.

Indicator for Incoming Call in Mobile

This project is used to run away from the annoyance of mobile rings when we are at home. This project gives a visual sign when it is placed close to a mobile phone even if the ring is disabled.

Wireless Lock System through OTP

This project uses OTP (one-time password) for the locking system with Bluetooth & Arduino. Once an unauthorized person tries to open it, it will generate an OTP every time. A key-based locking system is not used because there is a chance of key robbery or loss. So to overcome this, an OTP based wireless locking system is designed. By using this, all the problems & security threats can be reduced.

Infrared Contactless Thermometer using Phone

At present, checking the human body regularly is essential without connecting the measuring device. So, an infected person is detected instantly without spreading the illness. Here, a measuring device for temperature measurement without contact like a thermometer is necessary everywhere.

At present, a contactless thermometer based on Bluetooth is developed. It has the capacity of thermal screening which is incorporated into our mobile phones. So, to change our mobiles into a contactless thermometer, initially, we need to attach our mobiles to a sensor using Bluetooth for providing us the reading of temperature within an app. By using USB also we can obtain data on our phone from the sensor.

Digital Electronics Projects

Digital electronics can be defined as the study of digital signals and the devices which use or generates digital signals. This is quite dissimilar to analog signals as well as analog devices. Generally, the designing of digital electronic circuits can be done using logic gates which are frequently enclosed in ICs. Please refer to this link to know more about Digital Electronics Projects.

Biomedical Electronics Projects

The concepts in the biomedical projects mainly include different design concepts of biology and medicine used for healthcare purposes like diagnostic/therapeutic. The applications of biomedical engineering mainly comprise the expansion of biocompatible prostheses, different therapeutic & diagnostic medical devices like clinical, micro-implants, and common imaging devices like EEGs & MRIs. Biomedical electronics projects are discussed below.

Health Monitoring of Patient using GSM

The proposed system is used to monitor the health condition of the patient like pulse rate, temperature, and humidity using sensors. These sensors get information from the health parameters. Once the sensors get the data, it sends it to the Microcontroller. After that, the microcontroller transmits to the user through an SMS with the help of a GSM modem. Finally, this data can be displayed over LCD. If the readings of the patient on display are abnormal then an alarm can be generated.

Baby Incubator based on SMS & GSM

The proposed system is designed with GSM technology and used in hospitals. This system uses two sensors like temperature & humidity. Once the temperature of a baby increases above the threshold level, then an SMS can be sent to the doctor/caretaker.

Arduino &IOT based Health Monitoring of Patient

The proposed system can be designed with an Arduino board & IoT. In this project, various parameters can be monitored with the help of IoT. So, the patient’s real-time parameters are transmitted to the cloud through the connection of the Internet to a remote location. So finally the user can check the patient details from anyplace in the world.

Ambulance Tracker through GPS

Ambulance tracking is very important because a min delay can lead to the life or death of a person. To overcome this problem, the proposed system is designed namely an ambulance tracker using GPS technology. At present, the GPS tracking system is applied to ambulances. So that the user can track the availability of ambulance near to the location of the patient. So that ambulance can be sent from the hospital to the location of the patient in less time.

Tracking System for Soldiers

Worldwide, the security of the nation mainly depends on the navy, army, and air force. But army soldiers play a key role. There are many worries regarding soldier security. Once any soldier enters into the enemy lines then it is very important to the army base station for knowing the health status and location of all soldiers. To overcome this problem, this project is used to track the soldier and his health condition during the war.

Router for Telephone

This router for telephone projects can be designed with a microprocessor-based system. This system is used for routing telephone calls to a variety of parties through initializing specified switches. This is a very helpful device particularly for the areas where telephone density is very poor.

Local PCO Meter

The proposed system namely the local PCO meter is used for barring Mobile, STD & ISD calls. After the required interval, this project automatically cuts the call but before cutting the call this system will generate a beep sound so that customers will alert and continue the call.

The list of some more biomedical electronics projects includes the following

• Bio-monitoring through ECG & BP
• Galvanic Response of Skin
• Dynamometer for Muscle Strength
• ECG Signals Transmission through Bluetooth or WiFi
• Simulator of ECG
• Heart Rate and Temperature Monitoring of Patient
• Function Test of Digital Pulmonary with Microcontroller.
• Acquisition and Analysis of EMG
• Non-invasive Glucometer
• Monitoring System for Biomedical
• GSM based Monitoring of Patient
• Monitoring of Infant
• Failure of Chronic Renal Early Detection
• ECG Monitor
• Alarm Messenger for Thermo
• BP Monitor through Digitally
• Hemocratic Analyzer through Multiparameter
• Therapy Unit of Ultrasonic

The agriculture-based projects in electronics include the following.

• Seed Sow Machine for Multipurpose
• Digital weather station using GSM
• Mini Powered Tiller & Weeder Development
• Harvesting Machine for Wheat
• Automation of Public Garden
• Tracking System for Solar Panel
• The computing of Liquid Level &Storage Device
• Arecanut Climber Machine Development
• Data Storage based Digital Weather Station
• Agri Vehicle Operated through Remotely
• Harvester of Sugarcane
• Controlling of Device through GSM & SMS
• Harvesting Machine for Maize
• Data Acquisition System for 4 Channels through Microcontroller
• Pesticide Sprayer Robotic
• Power Transformers Condition Monitoring
• Data Logger using Microcontroller
• Seed Sow Machine Operated Manually
• Monitoring & Controlling of Greenhouse Environment through GSM
• Tracking System for Animals through GPS
• Detection of Toxic Gas through GSM technology
• Android-based Controlling & Monitoring of Greenhouse Environment
• Information System for Weather Report through SMS
• Monitoring & Controlling System of Greenhouse
• IoT & Arduino based Reporting System for Weather

Electronics Projects using Arduino

Arduino is a very famous open-source board used for developing electronics projects as well as prototypes in a simple manner. There are different kinds of development boards in Arduino namely Arduino UNO, Nano, Mega, Pro Mini, etc. All these boards are based on AVR series microcontrollers. Here is the list of electronics projects using the Arduino board for engineering students.

• Industrial Automation using Arduino & Joystick
• IoT & Arduino based Noise Detector through Recording System Automatically
• Arduino based Fan Speed Controller based on Temperature
• Window Alarm Annunciator using Arduino Uno
• Arduino based Monitoring of Temperature and Humidity
• Wireless Frequency Meter using an Arduino
• Digital IC Tester through Arduino & MATLAB
• Arduino based GPS Tracker
• Oscilloscope using PC & Arduino
• Audio Meter using Arduino
• Robot Controlled through Arduino & RF
• Arduino & MATLAB based Light Animations
• Arduino based LEDs Flashing
• Arduino based Radio with Alarm Clock
• Controlling of Fancy Lights using Arduino

Analog Electronics Projects Ideas

The study of continuously variable signal or analog signal or the devices which use or generate analog signals is known as analog electronics. The list of analog

• Relay Circuit for Polarity Stabilizer
• Walkie Talkie using Xbee
• Delay Circuit through Adjustable
• Analog Scale based Barometer
• IC 741 based Circuit for Dark Switch
• Potentiometer with PWM
• Relay Switch Activated through Light
• Arduino based Small Linear Actuator Control
• Amplifier Circuit for Phone Ring
• Analog Style CLK using OLED Display
• Tester Circuit for Op-Amp
• IC 555 based Domino Effect
• Circuit for Mosquito Repellent
• Transmission Circuit for Laser Sound
• Analog Sensor Design with Microchip’s RN487x Module
• Low-Resistance Meter Design
• RF Inductors Selection through Key Parameters
• Touchless MIDI Controller Design using Arduino
• Generation of Waveform with High Speed using a DAC & an MCU
• Class-D Power Amplifier Design
• Analog Alarm for Holiday Season
• Arduino based DC Motor Control
• Camera System Activated through PIR Motion of an Arduino
• Power Supply for Mixed-Signal Systems
• IR Tracker Design through a Stepper Motor & a PICAXE 14M2
• Ring Light based on LED Photography
• Negative Voltage Generator Design
• Robot for Transferring & Recording Audio Signals
• High-Precision Waveform Generation through a Custom PCB & DAC
• Programming of Custom Microcontroller & Testing Board
• Robot Protection through Detecting Automatic Collision
• Function Generator Design with AD9833 Analog Devices
• Weighing Scale Design with a Microcontroller & a Load Cell

The list of electronic projects for home use includes the following. These are simple and low-cost electronics projects.

• Indicator for Water Level
• Door Lock System through Password
• Home Appliances Control through Remote Password
• Automatic Room Lights through PIR & Arduino
• PIR & Arduino based System for Automatic Door Opener
• Christmas Tree Lights through Arduino:
• Visitor Counter in Bidirectional
• DC Fan Controlled through Temperature
• Automatic Light Switch in Washroom
• High Power LED-based Auto Night Lamp
• Circuit for Mobile Jammer
• Panic Alarm
• Alarm Circuit Operated through Remote
• SCR based Battery Charger
• The detector of Cell Phone
• Portable Light Powered through Battery
• Alarm Circuit for Rain
• Irrigation System for Plant
• Controller Circuit for Hot Water in Geyser
• Mobile Charger through USB
• Repellent Circuit for Mosquito
• Jammer Circuit for FM Radio
• Electronic Letter Box:
• Opener or Closer Circuit for Curtain
• Dimmer Circuit for LED Lamp
• Home Appliances Control through Cell Phone

Please refer to this link to know more about  Basic Electronic Projects on Breadboard

Please refer to this link to know more about Electronics Project Ideas using Microcontroller

Please refer to this link to know more about the Latest Electronics Projects with Circuit Diagram

Please refer to this link to know more about the Free DIY Electronics Projects

Thus, this is all about an overview of electronics projects for engineering students which includes advanced, mini, digital electronics, projects for home use, analog electronics, Arduino based, agriculture-based, biomedical projects, etc.

Photo Credits:

• Finger Print Based Security System by wikimedia
• Automatic Solar Tracker by us.sunpower
• Cell Phone Operated Land Rover by instructables

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Hello, Engineers of r/PH! Any thesis topic suggestion na relevant sa current situation ng Pinas for our desperate group?

We are a group of graduating electronics engineering students, and sobrang desperate na-namin to formulate an innovative and very timely na thesis topic relevant to the current situation ng Pilipinas. We're really running out of time and ideas na :( Ang hirap kasi lahat ng ideas namin it's either existing na or hindi feasible. We have invested too much of our time researching RRL's related to contact tracing na gusto sana naming isolve ung delay ng data acquisition ng DOH, but unfortunately our dean told us that it's way toooo broad and IT-ish during the proposal defense. Any suggestions? (as much as possible, related sana sa crowd management or anything) Sobrang helpless na talaga namin. Any ideas would be highly appreciated!

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Olympic Breakdancer Raygun Has PhD in Breakdancing?

Rachael gunn earned a zero in breakdancing at the paris 2024 olympic games., aleksandra wrona, published aug. 13, 2024.

About this rating

Gunn's Ph.D. thesis, titled "Deterritorializing Gender in Sydney's Breakdancing Scene: a B-girl's Experience of B-boying," did cover the topic of breakdancing. However ...

... Gunn earned her Ph.D. in cultural studies. Moreover, a "PhD in breakdancing" does not exist as an academic discipline.

On Aug. 10, 2024, a rumor spread on social media that Rachael Gunn (also known as "Raygun"), an Australian breakdancer who competed in the 2024 Paris Olympics, had a Ph.D. in breakdancing. "This australian breakdancer has a PhD in breakdancing and dance culture and was a ballroom dancer before taking up breaking. I don't even know what to say," one X post on the topic read .

"Australian Olympic breakdancer Rachael Gunn has a PhD in breakdancing and dance culture," one X user wrote , while another asked, "Who did we send? Raygun, a 36-year-old full-time lecturer at Sydney's Macquarie University, completed a PhD in breaking culture and is a lecturer in media, creative arts, literature and language," another X user wrote .

The claim also spread on other social media platforms, such as Reddit and Instagram . 

"Is she the best break dancer? No. But I have so much respect for going on an international stage to do something you love even if you're not very skilled at it," one Instagram user commented , adding that, "And, I'm pretty sure she's using this as a research endeavor and will be writing about all our reactions to her performance. Can't wait to read it!"

In short, Gunn's Ph.D. thesis, titled "Deterritorializing Gender in Sydney's Breakdancing Scene: A B-girl's Experience of B-boying," indeed focused on the topic of breakdancing. However, Gunn earned her Ph.D. in cultural studies, not in breakdancing. Furthermore, it's important to note that a "PhD in breakdancing" does not exist as an academic discipline. 

Since Gunn's research focused on the breakdancing community, but her degree is actually in the broader field of cultural studies, we have rated this claim as a "Mixture" of truths.

Gunn "secured Australia's first ever Olympic spot in the B-Girl competition at Paris 2024 by winning the QMS Oceania Championships in Sydney, NSW, Australia," the Olympics official website informed . 

Gunn earned a zero in breakdancing at the Paris 2024 Olympic Games and clips of her routine went viral on social media, with numerous users creating memes or mocking dancer's moves. "As well as criticising her attire, social media users mocked the Australian's routine as she bounced around on stage like a kangaroo and stood on her head at times," BBC article on the topic read . 

The website of the Macquarie University informed Gunn "is an interdisciplinary and practice-based researcher interested in the cultural politics of breaking" and holds a Ph.D. in cultural studies, as well as a bachelor of arts degree (Hons) in contemporary music: 

Rachael Gunn is an interdisciplinary and practice-based researcher interested in the cultural politics of breaking. She holds a PhD in Cultural Studies (2017) and a BA (Hons) in Contemporary Music (2009) from Macquarie University. Her work draws on cultural theory, dance studies, popular music studies, media, and ethnography. Rachael is a practising breaker and goes by the name of 'Raygun'. She was the Australian Breaking Association top ranked bgirl in 2020 and 2021, and represented Australia at the World Breaking Championships in Paris in 2021, in Seoul in 2022, and in Leuven (Belgium) in 2023. She won the Oceania Breaking Championships in 2023.

Gunn's biography further revealed that she is a member of the Macquarie University Performance and Expertise Reasearch Centre, and has a range of teaching experience at undergraduate and postgraduate levels "across the areas of media, creative industries, music, dance, cultural studies, and work-integrated learning." 

Moreover, it informed her research interests included, "Breaking, street dance, and hip-hop culture; youth cultures/scenes; constructions of the dancing body; politics of gender and gender performance; ethnography; the methodological dynamics between theory and practice."

Gunn earned her Ph.D. from the Department of Media, Music, Communications, and Cultural Studies within the Faculty of Arts at Macquarie University. Below, you can find the abstract of her paper, shared by the official website of Macquarie University:

This thesis critically interrogates how masculinist practices of breakdancing offers a site for the transgression of gendered norms. Drawing on my own experiences as a female within the male-dominated breakdancing scene in Sydney, first as a spectator, then as an active crew member, this thesis questions why so few female participants engage in this creative space, and how breakdancing might be the space to displace and deterritorialise gender. I use analytic autoetthnography and interviews with scene members in collaboration with theoretical frameworks offered by Deleuze and Guttari, Butler, Bourdieu and other feminist and post-structuralist philosophers, to critically examine how the capacities of bodies are constituted and shaped in Sydney's breakdancing scene, and to also locate the potentiality for moments of transgression. In other words, I conceptualize the breaking body as not a 'body' constituted through regulations and assumptions, but as an assemblage open to new rhizomatic connections. Breaking is a space that embraces difference, whereby the rituals of the dance not only augment its capacity to deterritorialize the body, but also facilitate new possibilities for performativities beyond the confines of dominant modes of thought and normative gender construction. Consequently, this thesis attempts to contribute to what I perceive as a significant gap in scholarship on hip-hop, breakdancing, and autoethnographic explorations of Deleuze-Guattarian theory.

In a response to online criticism of her Olympics performance, Gunn wrote on her Instagram profile: "Don't be afraid to be different, go out there and represent yourself, you never know where that's gonna take you":

We have recently investigated other 2024 Paris Olympics' -related rumors, such as:

• Lifeguards Are Present at Olympic Swimming Competitions?
• Hobby Lobby Pulled $50M in Ads from 2024 Paris Olympics?
• 2024 Paris Olympics Are 'Lowest-Rated' Games in Modern History?

Gunn, Rachael Louise. Deterritorializing Gender in Sydney's Breakdancing Scene: A B-Girl's Experience of B-Boying. 2022. Macquarie University, thesis. figshare.mq.edu.au, https://doi.org/10.25949/19433291.v1.

---. Deterritorializing Gender in Sydney's Breakdancing Scene: A B-Girl's Experience of B-Boying. 2022. Macquarie University, thesis. figshare.mq.edu.au, https://doi.org/10.25949/19433291.v1.

Ibrahim, Nur. "Lifeguards Are Present at Olympic Swimming Competitions?" Snopes, 8 Aug. 2024, https://www.snopes.com//fact-check/lifeguards-paris-olympics-swimming/.

"Olympic Breaking: Criticism of Viral Breakdancer Rachael Gunn - Raygun - Condemned by Australia Team." BBC Sport, 10 Aug. 2024, https://www.bbc.com/sport/olympics/articles/c2dgxp5n3rlo.

ORCID. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1069-4021. Accessed 12 Aug. 2024.

Paris 2024. https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/athlete/-raygun_1940107. Accessed 12 Aug. 2024.

Saunders, Grant Leigh, and Rachael Gunn. "Australia." Global Hip Hop Studies, vol. 3, no. 1–2, Dec. 2023, pp. 23–32. Macquarie University, https://doi.org/10.1386/ghhs_00060_1.

Wazer, Caroline. "2024 Paris Olympics Are 'Lowest-Rated' Games in Modern History?" Snopes, 1 Aug. 2024, https://www.snopes.com//fact-check/paris-olympics-lowest-rated-games/.

---. "Hobby Lobby Pulled $50M in Ads from 2024 Paris Olympics?" Snopes, 8 Aug. 2024, https://www.snopes.com//fact-check/olympics-hobby-lobby-ads/.

By Aleksandra Wrona

Aleksandra Wrona is a reporting fellow for Snopes, based in the Warsaw, Poland, area.

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Chemical Society Reviews

Bioelectronics for electrical stimulation: materials, devices and biomedical applications.

* Corresponding authors

a Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

b Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China E-mail: [email protected]

Bioelectronics is a hot research topic, yet an important tool, as it facilitates the creation of advanced medical devices that interact with biological systems to effectively diagnose, monitor and treat a broad spectrum of health conditions. Electrical stimulation (ES) is a pivotal technique in bioelectronics, offering a precise, non-pharmacological means to modulate and control biological processes across molecular, cellular, tissue, and organ levels. This method holds the potential to restore or enhance physiological functions compromised by diseases or injuries by integrating sophisticated electrical signals, device interfaces, and designs tailored to specific biological mechanisms. This review explains the mechanisms by which ES influences cellular behaviors, introduces the essential stimulation principles, discusses the performance requirements for optimal ES systems, and highlights the representative applications. From this review, we can realize the potential of ES based bioelectronics in therapy, regenerative medicine and rehabilitation engineering technologies, ranging from tissue engineering to neurological technologies, and the modulation of cardiovascular and cognitive functions. This review underscores the versatility of ES in various biomedical contexts and emphasizes the need to adapt to complex biological and clinical landscapes it addresses.

• This article is part of the themed collection: 2024 Emerging Investigators

Article information

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Y. Huang, K. Yao, Q. Zhang, X. Huang, Z. Chen, Y. Zhou and X. Yu, Chem. Soc. Rev. , 2024, Advance Article , DOI: 10.1039/D4CS00413B

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How to Start An Essay- Steps with Examples

Once you have a single idea to anchor your essay, build the entire piece around it. Starting an essay can be challenging; it's like revving up the engine and keeping your ideas flowing throughout. But I've got a foolproof plan for you. In this article I will show you how to start an essay and write a powerful, impactful piece for your class.

What is the Process of Writing an Essay?

Just like any task that requires organization, writing an essay follows a structured process. If you want to ensure that your essay is well-organized and not just a free flow of ideas, consider the following process:

Read and Understand the Prompt: Begin by carefully reading the essay prompt to fully grasp what is being asked of you. Break it down into manageable parts to ensure you cover every aspect in your essay.

Plan Your Essay: Take time to brainstorm and organize your ideas. Creating an outline or a web of your ideas and supporting details will make the writing process much smoother. This will help you structure your essay logically and ensure all your points are well thought out.

Use and Cite Sources: Conduct thorough research to gather information and evidence to support your arguments. Use quotes and paraphrases from credible sources, but always avoid plagiarism by properly citing your sources.

Write a Draft: Start by writing a rough draft. As Ernest Hemingway said, “The first draft of anything is always crap.” This stage allows you to get all your ideas down without worrying about perfection. Drafts are essential for organizing your thoughts and refining your arguments.

Develop a Strong Thesis: Your thesis statement is the main argument of your essay and the most important sentence you'll write. Make it clear and compelling, setting the stage for your entire essay.

Respond to the Prompt: Once you've refined your draft, ensure that you are directly addressing every part of the prompt. Your final draft should be a polished version of your ideas, with a clear and logical flow.

Proofread: Review your essay carefully to catch any grammatical errors, typos, or awkward sentences. Proofreading is crucial because even small mistakes can undermine the professionalism and clarity of your essay.

What is the Structure of an Essay?

Although more advanced academic papers have their own unique structures, the basic high school or college essay typically follows a standardized five-paragraph format:

1.Introduction

Writing a well-structured essay is crucial for clearly conveying your ideas and arguments. While advanced academic papers may have complex structures, the basic high school or college essay typically follows a standardized five-paragraph format. This format includes an introduction, three body paragraphs, and a conclusion, each serving a specific purpose to guide the reader through your argument.

The introduction paragraph is where you start by grabbing the reader’s attention with an engaging "hook," such as a relevant quote or a surprising fact. Following this, you introduce your thesis statement, which is the central argument or point of your essay. To set the stage for the rest of the essay, you provide a brief preview of the three main points that will be covered in the body paragraphs.

The first body paragraph begins with a topic sentence that introduces the first subtopic related to your thesis. This paragraph includes supporting details or examples that illustrate your point, followed by an explanation of how these details or examples support your thesis. This structured approach ensures clarity and coherence, making your argument more persuasive.

The second body paragraph follows a similar format. It starts with a topic sentence that introduces the second subtopic. Again, you provide supporting details or examples and explain their relevance to your thesis. This repetition of structure helps reinforce your argument and makes it easier for the reader to follow your reasoning.

The third body paragraph introduces the third subtopic with a topic sentence. Just like the previous paragraphs, it includes supporting details or examples and explains how they support your thesis. This consistent format throughout the body paragraphs ensures that each point is clearly presented and thoroughly examined.

3.Conclusion

The conclusion paragraph begins with a concluding transition, such as "in conclusion," signaling that you are wrapping up your essay. You restate your thesis in a new way to reinforce your main argument. Then, you summarize the key points discussed in the body paragraphs, tying them back to your thesis.

Finally, you end with a "global statement" or call to action, leaving the reader with a final thought or suggestion related to your topic. This structured approach to essay writing helps ensure that your arguments are clear, cohesive, and compelling from start to finish.

How to Start an Essay [3 Steps with examples]

Starting an essay can bring a mix of thoughts: how to begin, how to end, what supporting points to use. This confusion often leads students to produce subpar essays. Writing an essay is a process that requires structure, which is why learning how to start an essay is crucial.

From my experience, the first tip is to analyze the question and begin brainstorming. This is followed by a series of steps I'll discuss to help you craft an essay that communicates your message effectively. Let's explore how to start an essay, including examples, samples, and techniques like opening with a thought-provoking question. Whether you're looking for "how to start an essay with examples" or a "how to start an essay sample," these tips will guide you towards a strong introduction that sets the tone for your entire piece.

1.Writing the Introduction

Your introduction sets the tone for your entire essay. It's your opportunity to grab the reader's attention and provide a roadmap for what's to come. Let's break down the key components following up with how to start an essay examples:

The hook is your opening statement that captivates your audience. It should be intriguing, thought-provoking, and relevant to your topic. A strong hook can take various forms, such as a startling statistic, a provocative question, or a vivid anecdote. The key is to pique your reader's curiosity and make them eager to read more.

a) "Imagine a world where your morning coffee could power your entire house for a day. While this might sound like science fiction, recent advancements in bioenergy are bringing us closer to this reality."

b) "In the time it takes you to read this sentence, over 200 species will have gone extinct. The alarming rate of biodiversity loss is not just a statistic—it's a call to action that we can no longer ignore."

Context / Background

After hooking your reader, provide context that helps them understand the significance of your topic. This background information should bridge the gap between your hook and your thesis statement. Explain why your topic matters, touch on recent developments or historical context, and set the stage for your main argument.

"The concept of artificial intelligence (AI) has evolved from the realm of science fiction to a cornerstone of modern technology. Over the past decade, AI has permeated various aspects of our lives, from voice assistants in our homes to complex algorithms driving social media platforms. As AI continues to advance at an unprecedented pace, it raises profound questions about the future of work, privacy, and even what it means to be human. Understanding the implications of this technological revolution is crucial as we navigate an increasingly AI-driven world."

Thesis Statement

Your thesis statement is the cornerstone of your essay. It clearly articulates your main argument or purpose, providing a preview of what you'll discuss in the body of your essay. A strong thesis should be specific, arguable, and concise. It sets expectations for your readers and guides the structure of your essay.

"This essay will examine the ethical implications of AI development, arguing that while artificial intelligence offers tremendous benefits in fields such as healthcare and environmental protection, it also poses significant risks to privacy, job security, and social equality. By analyzing these challenges and proposing a framework for responsible AI development, I aim to demonstrate that proactive ethical considerations are essential to harnessing AI's potential while mitigating its dangers."

Overview Ending (Optional)

To round off your introduction, you might choose to provide a brief overview of your essay's structure. This can help orient your readers and give them a clear idea of what to expect. However, be careful not to give away too much—you want to maintain some element of anticipation.

"In exploring the ethical landscape of AI, we will first delve into its transformative potential across various sectors. Then, we'll critically examine the challenges and risks associated with widespread AI adoption. Finally, we'll propose a set of ethical guidelines and policy recommendations aimed at fostering responsible AI development. Through this analysis, we'll uncover how balancing innovation with ethical considerations is crucial for creating an AI-enhanced future that benefits all of humanity."

Once we have written our overview ending, our introduction paragraph is complete. Here is an example of an introduction paragraph:

This might initially appear daunting due to its size, but leveraging WPS AI can streamline and condense the content effectively. Here's how you can simplify and refine it:

Step 1: Select your entire introduction paragraph, and then click on the "WPS AI" icon in the hover menu.

Step 2: From the list of WPS AI options, click on "Make shorter" to help reduce the length of your content.

Step 3: WPS AI will display a shorter version of your introduction in a small window; click on "Replace".

Step 4: The introduction paragraph will now be replaced with a shorter version for your essay.

2.Writing the Body

The body of your essay is where you develop your arguments and provide evidence to support your thesis. It's the meat of your essay, where you dive deep into your topic and showcase your knowledge and critical thinking skills.

Present and develop the main arguments that support your thesis statement. Each paragraph should focus on a single main idea or argument that contributes to your overall thesis. This structure helps your reader follow your logic and understand your points clearly.

Let's say your thesis is about the impact of renewable energy on climate change mitigation. One argument could be:

"The widespread adoption of solar power technology has significantly reduced carbon emissions in countries that have invested heavily in this renewable energy source."

Support each argument with solid evidence that reinforces your point. Evidence can include facts, statistics, research findings, expert opinions, or examples from real-life situations. The stronger and more varied your evidence, the more convincing your argument will be.

"According to a 2023 report by the International Energy Agency, countries with high solar power adoption have seen an average reduction in carbon emissions of 15% over the past five years. For instance, Germany, a leader in solar energy, has cut its carbon emissions by 28% since 2010, with solar power contributing to more than half of this reduction."

Ideas (Paragraphs)

Organize your ideas into coherent paragraphs. Each paragraph should start with a topic sentence that introduces the main idea of the paragraph. Follow this with your evidence and analysis, explaining how this information supports your argument and relates to your thesis.

Topic sentence: "Beyond reducing carbon emissions, solar power adoption also stimulates economic growth and job creation in the renewable energy sector."

Evidence and analysis: "A study by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that solar panel installer will be the fastest-growing job in the United States over the next decade, with an expected growth rate of 52%. This surge in employment opportunities not only helps to offset job losses in traditional energy sectors but also contributes to overall economic resilience. For example, in California, the solar industry has created over 86,000 jobs, boosting the state's economy while simultaneously reducing its carbon footprint."

This structure is followed for each body paragraph added. So, if you think you have 3 sub-topics, you will have 3 body paragraphs, stating the sub-topic followed by evidence to back your argument.

Transitions

Use transitions to link your paragraphs and ideas together smoothly. These can be words or phrases that show how one idea leads to another or how different viewpoints contrast. Good transitions help your essay flow logically and coherently.

"While solar power demonstrates significant benefits for both the environment and economy, it's essential to consider other renewable energy sources that complement its strengths and address its limitations."

Here is how a body paragraph would look like:

3.Writing the Conclusion

Your conclusion is your final opportunity to leave a lasting impression on your reader. It should tie together all the threads of your essay and reinforce your main points.

Summary / Synthesis

Summarize the main points you have discussed throughout the essay. This reminder helps solidify your arguments in the reader's mind.

"Throughout this essay, we've explored the multifaceted impact of renewable energy, particularly solar power, on our fight against climate change. We've seen how solar technology significantly reduces carbon emissions, stimulates economic growth through job creation, and complements other renewable energy sources. Moreover, we've examined the challenges of energy storage and distribution that come with increased reliance on solar power."

Importance of Your Topic

Explain why your topic is important or relevant. Connect the discussion back to the broader context or implications of your thesis statement.

"The transition to renewable energy sources like solar power is not just an environmental imperative; it's a pivotal moment in human history. As we face the growing threats of climate change, including rising sea levels, extreme weather events, and biodiversity loss, our energy choices today will shape the world for generations to come. The widespread adoption of solar and other renewable energy sources offers a path to a more sustainable, resilient, and equitable future."

Strong Closing Statement

End your conclusion with a strong closing statement that leaves a lasting impression on the reader. This could be a call to action, a prediction, or a thought-provoking question.

"As we stand at this critical juncture, the choice is clear: embrace the power of the sun and other renewable sources, or continue down a path of environmental degradation. By investing in solar technology, supporting policies that encourage renewable energy adoption, and making conscious energy choices in our daily lives, we can harness the immense potential of renewable energy. The future of our planet is bright - if we choose to make it so. Will you be part of this solar revolution?"

The final conclusion, including all the main functions, would look something like this:

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Writing Assistance:

WPS AI acts as a writing assistant, providing guidance on how to continue developing your ideas. Whether you’re stuck on how to transition between paragraphs or need help expanding on a particular point, the AI offers suggestions and tips to keep your writing process smooth and efficient. This can be especially helpful in maintaining a logical flow and ensuring that all your points are well-supported and clearly articulated.

FAQs About Starting an Essay

1. what is the purpose of the introduction in an essay.

The purpose of the introduction in an essay is to familiarize the reader with the topic, highlighting its significance and relevance. It captures the reader's interest while providing essential background information. Additionally, the introduction outlines the main points of the essay and presents the thesis statement, which acts as the core argument that forms the foundation of the entire essay. By laying out these components, the introduction clarifies the importance of the topic and prepares the reader for what lies ahead in the essay.

2. What is a topic sentence?

A topic sentence is a statement that conveys the primary idea of a paragraph. It conveys the main point and establishes the paragraph's focus, ensuring that all subsequent sentences are connected to this key idea. Every paragraph in your paper should include a topic sentence to clarify its purpose.

3. Why do I need a thesis statement?

A thesis statement is crucial because it defines the main argument of an essay, guiding the writer's direction and helping the reader understand the central focus. It serves as a roadmap for the content that follows, ensuring that all points are relevant to the main idea.

4. How can I make my essay introduction stand out?

To create a memorable essay introduction, begin with an engaging hook, such as an intriguing fact, a thought-provoking quote, or a vivid illustration. Additionally, ensure that your introduction is concise, focused, and directly related to the main topic of the essay. This approach will draw the reader in and establish a solid foundation for your argument.

Create Compelling Essays With WPS Office

Learning how to start an essay will ultimately help you transform your ideas into a compelling narrative. All you need is a prompt and a topic to craft the best essay possible. Remember to infuse your work with a bit of heart to give it a personalized touch, making your writing truly unique and engaging. WPS Office is an excellent tool to help you achieve a well-crafted essay. It assists in forming proper sentences and generating new ideas, ensuring your essay is both coherent and creative.

With features like grammar and spelling checks, style and clarity enhancement, and writing assistance, WPS Office supports you every step of the way in your writing process. Download WPS Office now and experience its capabilities for yourself. It’s designed to make essay writing easier and more efficient, allowing you to focus on expressing your ideas and arguments effectively.

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• 2. How to Use Transitions to Start a Paragraph [Tips with Examples]
• 3. 10 Must-have software for college students to start school
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• 5. Amazing AI Essay Generator - Make Your Essay Writing Easier
• 6. How to Craft the Perfect Academic Essay Steps & Examples

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New substrate material for flexible electronics could help combat e-waste

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Electronic waste, or e-waste, is a rapidly growing global problem, and it’s expected to worsen with the production of new kinds of flexible electronics for robotics, wearable devices, health monitors, and other new applications, including single-use devices.

A new kind of flexible substrate material developed at MIT, the University of Utah, and Meta has the potential to enable not only the recycling of materials and components at the end of a device’s useful life, but also the scalable manufacture of more complex multilayered circuits than existing substrates provide.

The development of this new material is described this week in the journal RSC: Applied Polymers , in a paper by MIT Professor Thomas J. Wallin, University of Utah Professor Chen Wang, and seven others.

“We recognize that electronic waste is an ongoing global crisis that’s only going to get worse as we continue to build more devices for the internet of things, and as the rest of the world develops,” says Wallin, an assistant professor in MIT’s Department of Materials Science and Engineering. To date, much academic research on this front has aimed at developing alternatives to conventional substrates for flexible electronics, which primarily use a polymer called Kapton, a trade name for polyimide.

Most such research has focused on entirely different polymer materials, but “that really ignores the commercial side of it, as to why people chose the materials they did to begin with,” Wallin says. Kapton has many advantages, including excellent thermal and insulating properties and ready availability of source materials.

The polyimide business is projected to be a $4 billion global market by 2030. “It’s everywhere, in every electronic device basically,” including parts such as the flexible cables that interconnect different components inside your cellphone or laptop, Wang explains. It’s also widely used in aerospace applications because of its high heat tolerance. “It’s a classic material, but it has not been updated for three or four decades,” he says.

However, it’s also virtually impossible to melt or dissolve Kapton, so it can’t be reprocessed. The same properties also make it harder to manufacture the circuits into advanced architectures, such as multilayered electronics. The traditional way of making Kapton involves heating the material to anywhere from 200 to 300 degrees Celsius. “It’s a rather slow process. It takes hours,” Wang says.

The alternative material that the team developed, which is itself a form of polyimide and therefore should be easily compatible with existing manufacturing infrastructure, is a light-cured polymer similar to those now used by dentists to create tough, durable fillings that cure in a few seconds with ultraviolet light. Not only is this method of hardening the material comparatively fast, it can operate at room temperature.

The new material could serve as the substrate for multilayered circuits, which provides a way of greatly increasing the number of components that can be packed into a small form factor. Previously, since the Kapton substrate doesn’t melt easily, the layers had to be glued together, which adds steps and costs to the process. The fact that the new material can be processed at low-temperature while also hardening very quickly on demand could open up possibilities for new multilayer devices, Wang says.

As for recyclability, the team introduced subunits into the polymer backbone that can be rapidly dissolved away by an alcohol and catalyst solution. Then, precious metals used in the circuits, as well as entire microchips, can be recovered from the solution and reused for new devices.

“We designed the polymer with ester groups in the backbone,” unlike traditional Kapton, Wang explains. These ester groups can be easily broken apart by a fairly mild solution that removes the substrate while leaving the rest of the device unharmed. Wang notes that the University of Utah team has co-founded a company to commercialize the technology. 

“We break the polymer back into its original small molecules. Then we can collect the expensive electronic components and reuse them,” Wallin adds. “We all know about the supply chain shortage with chips and some materials. The rare earth minerals that are in those components are highly valuable. And so we think that there’s a huge economic incentive now, as well as an environmental one, to make these processes for the recapture of these components.”

The research team included Caleb Reese and Grant Musgrave at the University of Utah, and Jenn Wong, Wenyang Pan, John Uehlin, Mason Zadan and Omar Awartani at Meta’s Reality Labs in Redmond, Washington. The work was supported by a startup fund at the Price College of Engineering at the University of Utah.

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2 Stock Ideas (That Aren’t Nvidia) to Dip a Toe Into AI Investing 

There are more fishes in the sea of AI other than Nvidia. Here are a few investing ideas to get your hands on AI growth.

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Nvidia ( NASDAQ:NVDA ) is ruling the artificial intelligence (AI) landscape. Nvidia, once only known to tech enthusiasts, has become a household name thanks to Chat GPT and the generative AI frenzy. While it is a no-brainer AI stock to buy and hold to leave a boatload of wealth for your retirement and future generations, there are other ways to invest in AI.

Stock ideas for AI

AI is a concept that can be applied across verticals at various stages of operations, from smart searches to customer support to data analytics. AI can also drive cars, deliver orders, manage traffic, write content, automate robotic factories, and do more.

Similar to how Nvidia provides the hardware, some companies are experimenting with AI to enhance their software offerings. Some companies are offering AI cloud services. There are also automotive companies developing autonomous cars and companies offering AI electronics. And the threat that comes with every new tech will come with AI too. With AI able to learn about your trends, the techmology could probably deduce your passcodes. Data theft would also advance, and that would require advanced AI-level security.

The impact of AI will reflect a little later in the earnings of such companies, as AI needs to be fully integrated into the digital ecosystem.

Investing in AI-themed ETFs

While the semiconductor industry has few players, AI applications are vast. In each application, there are several players. Given the broad scope of AI applications, a smart way to invest is in an ETF that invests in companies that are using AI.

The Global X Artificial Intelligence & Technology ETF ( NASDAQ:AIQ ) does just that. It has invested in 84 companies leveraging AI to enhance their products and services. Some of the names include Adobe and Salesforce . These 84 companies operate in verticals like information technology, communication services, consumer discretionary, and industrials.

With one ETF, you get exposure to all 84 companies. If even a handful of these flourish, it can generate high double-digit growth. Even an ETF can help you generate wealth given the potential AI holds. The ETF is a cost-efficient way to diversify your investment across various stocks when the future is highly uncertain. It will protect you against company-specific risks. And since the theme is AI, it will protect you from industry-specific risk.

For a 0.68% expense ratio, you can keep buying into this ETF to beat market returns.

Investing in AI digital and cloud services

As companies are incorporating AI, IT service companies are adding AI solutions to their tech offerings. Just like the digitization trend created a new revenue stream for IT services, AI could do the same. IT services firm Telus International ( TSX:TIXT ) has developed several AI tools that follow high ethical standards. It is offering these solutions to help enterprises incorporate AI without worrying about the security of their data.

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Adonis Rubio and Christopher Barnes, PhD

Immunology student Adonis Rubio and his adviser, assistant professor of biology Christopher Barnes, have been named fellows of the 2024 cohort of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Gilliam Fellows Program. The program recognizes student-adviser pairs for their outstanding research as well as for their commitments to advancing equity and inclusion in science. The pair will receive $53,000 of annual funding for up to three years, to support Rubio’s dissertation research, which focuses on leveraging structural biology to profile protective human antibodies against infectious diseases, with the aim of engineering therapeutics and vaccines to improve human health.

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'QUEEEEEN': Raygun of Olympics breakdancing fame spotted busting moves, gains fan in Adele

Rachael gunn, also known as raygun, was spotted breakdancing in front of cheering fans on the heels of the 36-year-old's newfound fame stemming from her performance at the 2024 paris games.

Rachael Gunn, also known by her breakdancing name Raygun, went viral during the 2024 Paris Olympic Games , but the Australian is garnering even more attention after she was recently filmed busting a move or two in front of adulating fans.

Gunn is a 36-year-old university lecturer from Sydney who made waves with her performance at Place de la Concorde during the Paris Games' breakdancing competition. Many people online, and even Grammy-winning singer Adele, poked fun at Gunn's unique moves.

"I think it's the best thing that's happened in the Olympics the entire time," the British singer said about Gunn's dancing while on stage during a concert in Munich, Germany. "Did anyone see the breakdancing lady? Now I didn't even know that breakdancing was an Olympic sport these days. I think that's (expletive) fantastic."

@the_jenshow Adele talking Olympics…and her favorite sport…the breakdancing. 🤣 #adele #adeleinmunich #olympics #breakdancing #raygun #australia @Adele Access ♬ original sound - JenCook

Adele continued to say that she and her friends had been "laughing" for "nearly 24 hours" about Gunn's dancing, but she said it made her "very very happy."

Despite the jokes, Gunn continues to embrace the spotlight and some lucky fans even got a chance to see her breakdance in person. TikTok user @jeanmitchell posted a video of Gunn dancing in the street as fans surrounded her and yelled after each move. The caption was: "(Expletive) QUEEEEN"

@jeanmitchell_ FKN QUEEEEEN #RAYGUN #breaking #breakdancing #paris2024 ♬ original sound - Jeanos

How did Raygun do at the Paris Olympics?

Although Gunn is gaining fans, the Olympic judges were anything but as they didn't give the "B-girl" a single point throughout the competition. She was defeated by USA’s Logistx, France’s Syssy and Lithuania’s Nicka, losing 18-0 on each occasion.

Gunn, who wrote her PhD thesis on the intersection of gender and Sydney’s breaking culture, also repped Australia at the world championships in 2021 and 2022 before earning a spot at the Olympics through the Oceania championships in 2023, CNN reported.

"In 2023, many of my students didn’t believe me when I told them I was training to qualify for the Olympics and were shocked when they checked Google and saw that I qualified,”  Gunn told CNBC earlier this month .

While most of the 32 B-boys and B-girls at the Paris Games had been breakdance battling since they were young, Gunn did not participate in her first battle until 2012.

“All my moves are original,” Raygun told CNN after competing in Paris. “Creativity is really important to me. I go out there and I show my artistry. Sometimes, it speaks to the judges, and sometimes, it doesn’t. I do my thing and it represents art. That is what it is about.”