phd in education turkey

• PhD Study in Turkey – A Guide for 2024

Written by Chris Banyard

A PhD in Turkey could be the perfect choice for adventurous international students looking for unique study opportunities. Turkish universities have a long tradition of international exchange, relatively low fees and offer a high quality of doctoral training.

The guide proves an introduction to everything you’ll need to know if you want to study your PhD in Turkey, including information about Turkish universities, their PhD structure, fees, application requirements and student visas.

PhD opportunities in Turkey – what’s on offer for 2024?

Bridging between Europe and Asia, Turkey has played a pivotal role in Western and Eastern history. The country abounds with historical sites and monuments and is home to a rich and diverse range of cultures. Whether you’re making these the focus of your research or just enjoying them alongside it, you’ll have plenty to explore during a Turkish PhD.

Reasons to study your PhD in Turkey right now include:

• Crossroads between East and West – Turkey is a meeting point for arts, cultures and peoples, with no shortage of iconic attractions, vibrant festivals and inspirational research ideas
• Fast-growing economy – with the second-fastest growing economy in the world and developing markets and political impact, now could be a great time to study your PhD in Turkey
• Study in English – the strong international outlook of Turkish universities means that many doctoral programmes are taught in English
• Affordable – low living costs and tuition fees make Turkey a good value destination for PhD study

PhD life in Turkey

Want to know more about life during a PhD in Turkey for international students? Our detailed guide covers everything from accommodation and living costs to culture and entertainment.

Turkish universities

Universities and other higher education providers in Turkey are divided into public (or state) and private (or foundation) institutions:

• Public universities ( Delvet Universiteleri ) are funded mostly by the state. As a result, they charge relatively low tuition fees. They may use Turkish, English, German or French as their language of instruction.
• Private / Foundation universities ( Ozel / Vakif Universiteleri ) typically charge high tuition fees but tend to be more active internationally, form partnerships with industry, and usually use English for most (if not all) courses and programmes.

All Turkish universities are governed by the Turkish Higher Education Council (YOK) . This ensures Turkish universities are internationally competitive and adhere to high standards of teaching.

Turkish university cities

There are several cities in Turkey with one or more universities and large numbers of students:

• Study in Istanbul
• Study in Ankara
• Study in Antalaya
• Study in İzmir
• Study in Kayseri

Turkish university rankings

Turkey has several universities that feature in the all three major university rankings tables, some of which are amongst the top 600 in the world according to these tables.

Do rankings matter for PhD study?

University rankings can help you choose a PhD project or programme, provided you know what to look at. Our guide explains how to use rankings as a prospective postgraduate.

PhD-structure

Partly due to Turkey’s candidacy for EU membership, Turkish degrees follow the Bologna Process. Therefore, doctoral programmes in Turkey are broadly similar to other European PhD programmes.

However, Turkish PhDs typically follow a very structured process with well-defined stages and assessments. This includes several courses, seminars and exams to a total of 240 ECTS credits. There may also be a preparatory class at the beginning of your programme. Specific content will vary between universities and programmes, but all taught components must be completed for you to be awarded your PhD.

Supervision

In Turkey, your doctoral development and thesis will be overseen by various supervision committees . Your main thesis supervisor will be a member of most of these committees. They will be an academic lecturer with expertise in your research area and will be appointed within the first year of your PhD. You may have a second supervisor, who can also be a member of these committees.

Proficiency exam

Proficiency exam Firstly, you will be examined through the proficiency exam at the early stages of your doctorate. This is similar to the MPhil to PhD upgrade in the UK. A proficiency committee will examine your thesis proposal through two written assessments and one oral assessments. The proficiency committee also sets up an exam jury committee , who organise and evaluate various exams during the remainder of your doctoral training; the results of these exams will also be considered by the proficiency committee.

Follow-up exam

After successfully completing the proficiency exam and defending the purpose of your research, you will begin your PhD proper. During the doctorate you will be regularly assessed every six months by a follow-up committee . This functions as a regular evaluation of your progress, ensuring your PhD is on track. The committee will examine your current studies, results, methodology and the working plan for your research through a submitted report.

Final thesis exam

Once you have completed your research, your final PhD thesis will be assessed by a dissertation jury . This is similar to the viva voce exam in the UK, but it takes the form of a public thesis defence.

Fees and funding

Overall, Turkey is an affordable location for doctoral study. In most cases, you can expect to pay low tuition fees and living costs. There are also some limited funding sources available for international students.

Turkish PhD fees

The tuition fees for English-taught PhD programmes at Turkish public universities are low, typically being around €500-1,000 per year for international students. Fees are even lower for Turkish citizens and for courses taught in Turkish. Bear in mind that exact amounts can vary somewhat depending on your university and doctoral programme.

PhD tuition fees at private universities in Turkey are significantly higher – around €5,250-17,500 per year. However, there are more funding options available at these institutions.

Living costs

In addition to low tuition fees, studying for a PhD in Turkey offers good value for money due to the low cost of living in Turkish cities. Accommodation, food, entertainment and travel are all affordable in comparison to other countries. Normally, you can expect to spend around €345 per month.

Turkish PhD funding

Because PhD tuition fees at Turkish public universities are relatively low, doctoral funding is typically offered to Turkish nationals or students from more economically disadvantaged countries. Some of the funding sources available are:

• Türkiye Burslari – a variety of scholarships funded through the Turkish government, aimed at students from Central Asia, Africa, the Middle East and eastern Europe
• Tübitak – the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey offers research fellowships, but mostly for Turkish students
• Islamic Development Bank (IsDB) – funds PhD research programmes in Sustainability Science for students in IsDB member countries and Muslim communities

Additionally, individual universities often offer their own merit scholarships and grants for international PhD students.

Applying for a PhD in Turkey

Applications for doctoral degrees in Turkey can be slightly different compared to applications in the UK, mainly because of the use of entrance examinations. However, the overall process follows a similar route to most PhD applications.

The specific requirements and procedures can vary depending on your research institution and area of study – you should contact your potential university’s international office for more specific information.

Admission requirements

PhD programmes in Turkey require you to hold relevant Bachelors and Masters degrees to be eligible. Most degrees from within Europe will be easily recognised, but different foreign degrees may require additional recognition to be accepted as equivalent qualifications.

Additionally, to be accepted for a doctoral programme in Turkey you will usually need to submit some form of research proposal . It is recommended that your contact your prospective supervisor and / or university before applying to help with this. You will usually also need to submit academic references and will often need to attend an interview .

PhD entry requirements

The general eligibility criteria for PhD applications in Turkey is similar to most other countries in the Europe. Our guide explains general entry requirements for a prospective PhD student.

Entrance examinations

As a PhD applicant to a Turkish university, you will need to complete entrance exams to verify your subject knowledge and academic experience.

The major test used in Turkey is the Academic Personnel and Graduate Education Entrance Exam (ALES). The score required can vary somewhat but is usually a minimum of 50-70. The exams are held at scheduled times throughout the year, and you can found these dates and more information about the ALES at the examination coordinators ÖSYM .

You may also be accepted based upon the scores of alternative international admissions tests, such as the GMAT (typically requiring a minimum score of 500) and the GRE (typically requiring a minimum score of 685).

More information regarding the entrance examinations you will be required to take will be available from your prospective university.

Language requirements

Many PhD programmes in Turkey use English as the language of instruction. This is increasingly common and is often the case for newer Turkish institutions. To be admitted to one of these doctoral programmes as a non-native English speaker, you may be required to submit a score from an English language test . These may be internationally recognised tests such as TOEFL or IELTS, or be a test offered by the Turkish examination coordinator ÖSYM .

Even if your degree is not taught in Turkish, learning the language will be helpful for in your studies and in daily life.

Applying for a PhD

PhD applications in Turkey will require additional documents and processes. These are similar to those in the UK. Our guide explains PhD applications for prospective students.

Student visas

In order to enter and live in Turkey for your PhD, you will be required to obtain a student visa and register your residence. Your prospective university will also assist you with these processes.

As Turkey is not yet a full EU member state, most international students wishing to study a PhD at a Turkish university must obtain a student visa (including those from the EU, EEA and Switzerland).

This can be done at the nearest Turkish consulate in your home country and should completed ahead of your travelling to Turkey (you will not be allowed to enter the country nor enrol at university until this is finalised).

Alternatively, you can apply for an eVisa – this method is simpler, faster and usually slightly cheaper.

There is an application fee associated with each visa application. The specific amount varies depending on your country of origin but is usually around €20-50.

Residence registration

To live in Turkey, all foreign students must obtain a residency permit ( Ikametgah Belgesi ). This must be done within one month of residence in Turkey.

This can be done online on Turkey’s Ministry of Interior Directorate General of Migration Management (IKAMET) or in person at a Bureau of Foreign Residence Registration or local police station.

Health insurance

Whilst resident in Turkey during your doctorate, you are required to be covered by a form of health insurance. You can register with Turkey’s Social Security Institution (SGK) or organise your own private insurance policy.

A Turkish PhD is an internationally recognised degree and an impressive achievement. The demanding admissions and assessments of a PhD in Turkey may also make you stand out from the crowd.

The unique location of Turkey at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, and the multiculturism that it brings, should also prepare you for an academic or professional career on the global stage.

Can I work in Turkey after my PhD?

Typically, proficiency in the Turkish language is needed to pursue a career in Turkey. However, this is not always these case – there are several multinational companies based in Turkey.

To work in Turkey, you will need to apply for a work permit ( Calisma Izni ). The application process can be complex, and you may be required to leave Turkey and apply from your home country. Work permits are usually initially valid for one year, and the duration of validity increase with each subsequent renewal.

You will also need to update your visa and residency permit to reflect your new employment status.

Find a PhD in Turkey

Ready to start browsing some current PhD opportunities in Turkey ? Alternatively, you can look at our other guides to PhD study abroad .

Our postgrad newsletter shares courses, funding news, stories and advice

Chris banyard.

Chris helped expand our student advice content in 2018, whilst working towards a PhD at the University of Sheffield. He shared honest and amusing advice on making mistakes, accidental self-sabotaging and managing rejection during a doctorate as well as reflecting on his own experience skipping a Masters before his PhD.

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What's it like to live in Turkey during a PhD? Our guide covers accommodation, student living costs, working and other key information.

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• How to Apply for a PhD Program in Turkey
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Applying for a PhD program in Turkey can be a highly rewarding endeavor, offering exceptional academic opportunities in a diverse and vibrant cultural setting. At Turquoise Education, we understand the complexities and challenges that aspiring candidates often face in this intricate process. From navigating the rigorous admission requirements to understanding the nuances of the Turkish higher education system, our dedicated team of experts is here to guide you every step of the way. In this comprehensive guide, we will elucidate the essential stages of applying for a PhD program in Turkey, ensuring that you are well-prepared to secure a place in the institution that best aligns with your academic aspirations and research interests. Join us as we explore the path to academic excellence in one of the world’s most historically-rich countries.

Understanding Eligibility Criteria and Prerequisites

The first step in applying for a PhD program in Turkey involves comprehending the eligibility criteria and prerequisites put forth by Turkish universities. Generally, candidates must hold a relevant Master’s degree from a recognized institution, showcasing strong academic performance in their prior studies. In addition to academic qualifications, many programs require applicants to submit standardized test scores, such as the GRE or ALES (Academic Personnel and Graduate Education Entrance Exam). Proficiency in English or Turkish is also a critical requirement, depending on the language of instruction, often demonstrated through tests like TOEFL, IELTS, or YDS. Understanding these foundational prerequisites is crucial, as meeting them will significantly enhance your chances of a successful application.

Furthermore, prospective PhD candidates should prepare a comprehensive application portfolio that includes several key documents. A well-crafted research proposal outlining your intended study objectives and methodological approach is paramount, showcasing your readiness for rigorous academic inquiry. Additionally, candidates are often required to provide academic transcripts, letters of recommendation from previous professors or professional mentors, and a detailed curriculum vitae highlighting relevant research experiences and accomplishments. This portfolio not only reflects your academic capabilities but also your commitment and readiness to contribute to the academic community. Meticulously compiling these documents in accordance with the respective university’s guidelines is essential in presenting a strong and coherent application.

Another crucial aspect to consider is the importance of aligning your research interests with those of the faculty members at your target universities. Investigating potential supervisors and their research domains can significantly impact your application’s success. Contacting faculty members to discuss your research proposal and seek their guidance or support can foster a stronger connection and demonstrate your proactive approach. Additionally, attending conferences and networking within academic circles in Turkey can provide deeper insights into current research trends and opportunities available at different institutions. Building these academic relationships not only enriches your knowledge but also enhances your visibility and reputation within the scholarly community, thereby reinforcing your application for a PhD program in Turkey.

Navigating the Application Process Step-by-Step

The first step in navigating the PhD application process in Turkey involves thorough research and identification of programs that align with your academic and research interests. Begin by exploring the websites of various Turkish universities to gather detailed information about their PhD offerings, faculty expertise, and admission requirements. It is crucial to understand the specific criteria for each program, as they can vary significantly from one institution to another. Additionally, prospective candidates should reach out to potential supervisors to discuss their research proposals and gauge interest, thereby strengthening their applications. Early communication with faculty members can also provide valuable insights into the program’s culture and expectations, helping you tailor your application more effectively.

Once you have identified suitable programs and potential supervisors, the next step involves preparing a robust and compelling application package. This typically includes a well-crafted Statement of Purpose (SOP), highlighting your academic background, research interests, and career aspirations. Emphasize how your research aligns with the faculty’s expertise and the program’s objectives. Additionally, you will need to provide official transcripts, a comprehensive Curriculum Vitae (CV), and letters of recommendation from academic or professional references who can attest to your qualifications and potential for success in a PhD program. Be mindful of each university’s specific requirements, especially regarding language proficiency tests such as TOEFL or IELTS, if applicable. Ensuring that all documents are meticulously prepared and submitted by the deadlines is crucial for a successful application.

After submitting your application package, the waiting period begins, but you can use this time strategically. It’s advisable to keep in contact with the admissions office and your potential supervisors to show your continued interest and to be readily available for any further information or interviews they might require. Many programs may invite shortlisted candidates for an interview or ask for additional materials, such as research proposals or writing samples. Preparing thoroughly for these interviews by reviewing your research proposal and understanding potential questions can significantly enhance your chances. Additionally, stay organized by tracking application statuses and deadlines for any supplemental requirements. Once offers are received, carefully evaluate each option, considering factors like funding opportunities, program structure, and faculty support, to make an informed decision. By maintaining a proactive and organized approach, you increase your likelihood of securing admission to a PhD program that aligns with your academic goals and research ambitions in Turkey.

Key Tips for a Successful PhD Admission in Turkey

One of the key factors for a successful PhD admission in Turkey is to thoroughly research the universities and the specific PhD programs they offer. Each institution has its own set of requirements, specializations, and strengths. By understanding these details, you can tailor your application to highlight your suitability for the program and demonstrate how your academic and research goals align with the institution’s offerings. Additionally, gathering information on the faculty members and their research interests can help you identify potential supervisors whose work resonates with your intended research focus, thereby enhancing the strength of your application.

Another crucial tip for a successful PhD admission in Turkey is to prepare a compelling statement of purpose (SOP) that effectively communicates your academic journey, research interests, and long-term goals. This document is an opportunity to showcase your passion for your chosen field and to articulate how the program aligns with your professional aspirations. Be sure to highlight any relevant experiences, such as published research, academic achievements, and any contributions to your field of study. Additionally, customizing your SOP for each application to reflect the specific strengths and focus areas of the university can significantly enhance your chances of success, demonstrating genuine interest and a clear vision for your academic future.

Equally important for a successful PhD admission in Turkey is to secure strong letters of recommendation from respected professionals in your field. These letters should come from individuals who can provide a detailed and positive account of your academic abilities, research skills, and overall potential as a PhD candidate. It is crucial to choose recommenders who are familiar with your work and can speak to your strengths and readiness for advanced research. Providing your recommenders with ample time to write and specific information about the programs you are applying to can further ensure that their letters are tailored and supportive. Strong letters of recommendation serve as a powerful endorsement of your capabilities and can significantly bolster your application, underscoring your preparedness for the rigorous demands of a PhD program.

Educational Administration and Planning Ph.D. Program Course Descriptions

Ph.D. Courses

Required Courses

4540604 Multivariate Statistical Techniques in Education 

Students with some educational statistics background learn advanced statistical techniques with the aid of computer packages, such as SPSS and LISREL. The course focuses on multiple linear regression, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), repeated measure analysis, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), factorial analysis of variance, discriminant analysis, principle component analysis, and path analysis.

4540695 Research Seminar in Educational Sciences 

Development of doctoral dissertations and projects and presentations of plans. The course which is intended for students who have identified a reasonably narrow area for research will assist them in design, methods and other matters of concern in the preparation of an acceptable dissertation or project proposal. The course involves presentations, group discussions, and critiques.

4540699 Ph.D. Dissertation

4540900-999 Special Topics

Area Courses

4540515 Organizational Psychology

Human problems in organizations. Organizational perspectives of human nature and motivation. Leadership and participation. Inter group problems in organizations. Organizations as dynamic and developing systems.

4540516 Group Dynamics and Leadership

An analysis of primary and secondary group dynamics. Dynamics of organizational behavior. Conflict in organizations. Several leadership theories and their applicability in Turkey and other developing countries.

4540517 Educational Organization and Design 

An investigation in organizations in terms of their design, climates and the other characteristics as well as the theories, with the emphasis on educational organizations. Study of various issues and problems in Turkish educational organizations.

4540520 Strategic Planning in Higher Education

Theoretical background of strategic planning, basic steps of carrying out a strategic planning in public institutions. Based on a case study design, this course provides hands-on experience on strategic planning through which students can apply a similar framework in carrying out a strategic planning process in school organizations as well as in other public and nonprofit organizations.

4540524 Gap Analysis in Educational Organizations

This course is intended to help students develop an understanding of and practice the use of a specific type of organizational problem solving approach (Gap Analysis) for the purposes of performance improvement. In the first part of the course students are provided with an overview of organizational problem solving approaches and decision making, as well as job performance. Then the gap analysis approach to organizational problem solving is introduce. Students learn how to use this diagnostic and treatment selection and evaluation tool to be able to analyze and support the goals and progress of people/teams in educational organizations where learning and motivation are required to achieve goals. It is a three-credit graduate level seminar and students will be expected to attend class, be current with the issues, understand relevant background and learn to conduct a gap analysis on a performance problem in educational organizations.

4540525 Systems Analysis in Education 

An in-depth study of the concepts: Systems and Systems Analysis, A reconsideration of education as a system. Meaning and development of MIS in education. Introduction to techniques in Systems Analysis: Flow Charts, Simulation, PERT, CPM, Linear Programming, Game Theory, and other applications.

4540526 Economics of Education

Theory of the Formation of Human Capital. Contribution of education to economic growth. Microeconomics of Education: Study of the effectiveness of educational systems.

4540533 Total Quality Management in Education

Acquire an adequate understanding of the theory of total quality management as a way of continuous improvement and the skills necessary to implement it in the field of education.

4540527 Finance and Educational Planning

4540511 Supervisory Techniques I

4540512 Administrative Processes

4540513 Administrative Problems in Education

4540534 Critical Texts on the Politics of Education

This course is an extended introduction to the controversial structural issues surrounding educational institutions and practices in society. By focusing on the major theoretical approaches that are useful in examining and re-considering the immanent regularities of the school as a dynamic organism, this course is organized around a couple of overlapping circles of analysis. One of the major circle will focus on the issues of ecology of education; examining the ways in which schools are embedded within social, historical, and cultural contexts, the recognition of pedagogical domain as a site of (re)producing the technologies of collaboration with the families and the communities in the circuits of reciprocity principle, and the role in producing or transforming the existing power relations in society. Another circle will offer critical engagement with intra-institutional centers, i.e. a complex set of authority patterns and governance structures, rituals, micro practices established around the students, administrators, and teachers, and foundations of morality. This course does not offer a continuous reflection on the contemporary issues of education, but inhabits instead back and forth encounters of micro and macro level of historically and culturally sedimented discourses of that root silently within these circles.

4540607 Issues in Educational Administration  

A course on international and national aspects of transformation, innovation, and critical issues in school administration in the 1990s.

4540610 Educational Leadership and Change  

A course on educational leadership. Theoretical approaches to educational leadership, organizational development. The importance of leadership as a change in educational setting with a special reference to reforming Turkish educational system.

4540617 Restructing Educational Organizations  

An in-depth study of organizational change and restructuring in education. Information age, `The new world order, and education, emerging theoretical issues in the concept of education, magnitude and scale of emerging issues and problems related to educational organizations, and the explorations of change alternatives for the Turkish education al system

4540619 Organization and Administration of Higher Education

This course is intended to help students to gain understanding of colleges and universities as organizations and be able to use organizational theories to describe, analyze, and address higher education problems particularly as it applies to Higher Education in Turkey. Students will investigate higher education organizations by critically reviewing theories of organizational behavior and governance. We will discuss the theoretical underpinnings of these organizations and apply them to real and hypothetical situations in order to develop an understanding of how authority and power are exercised in higher education. When viewing post-secondary education through an organizational analysis, a broader view is taken looking at the entire system internally and externally. The first half of the course will be more theory driven while in the second half more attention will be paid to activities that universities engage in. As this is doctoral level seminar course, it will focus on deep readings of texts, constructive critique, and presentations in a collegial and reciprocal learning environment. Students will be expected to attend class, be up to date with the issues facing higher education, and actively engage in course discussion.

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PhD in Turkey

Bursa Technical University

Phd ( bioengineering ).

Galatasaray University

Phd ( philosophy ).

Necmettin Erbakan University

Phd ( biomedical engineering ), why study phd (doctor of philosophy) in turkey.

1. Quality Education: Turkish universities offer a diverse range of PhD programs across various disciplines, providing high-quality education and internationally recognized degrees.

2. Research Opportunities: Pursuing a PhD in Turkey allows you to engage in cutting-edge research projects and collaborate with renowned academics and researchers in your field.

3. Affordable Tuition: Tuition fees for PhD programs in Turkey are often more affordable compared to many Western countries, making it a cost-effective option for advanced studies.

4. Scholarship Opportunities: Turkey offers various scholarships for international students, such as the Turkiye Scholarships program and university-specific scholarships, which can help cover tuition fees, accommodation, and living expenses.

5. Cultural Diversity: Turkey's rich cultural heritage and geographical location between Europe and Asia provide a unique cultural experience for international students.

6. Language of Instruction: Many PhD programs in Turkey are offered in English, eliminating language barriers and facilitating international collaboration.

7. Research Facilities: Turkish universities are investing in research infrastructure, laboratories, and resources, providing you with the tools needed for your research endeavors.

8. Networking and Collaboration: Studying in Turkey allows you to build a global network of contacts, connecting with fellow students, researchers, and professionals from different parts of the world.

9. Geographical Advantage: Turkey's strategic location offers opportunities for travel and exploration across Europe, Asia, and the Middle East.

10. Career Opportunities: A PhD from a reputable Turkish university can enhance your career prospects, opening doors to academic positions, research roles, and leadership positions in academia, industry, and government.

11. Language Skills: While many programs are offered in English, learning Turkish can be advantageous for your daily life, interactions with locals, and potential future opportunities in Turkey and the region.

PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) Specializations in Turkey

Admission Intake for PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) in Turkey

1. Fall Intake (September): The Fall intake is the primary intake for PhD programs in Turkey. Most universities open their application periods for the Fall intake around the months of January to April. The exact application deadlines can vary from university to university and even from program to program within the same university. It's recommended to start researching and preparing your application well in advance to meet the deadlines.

2. Spring Intake (February): Some universities offer a Spring intake for certain PhD programs, which typically starts in February. The application period for the Spring intake is usually from September to November of the previous year.

Top 10 Universities in Turkey for PhD (Doctor of Philosophy)

Tuition Fees for PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) in Turkey

1. Public Universities: Tuition fees for PhD programs at public universities in Turkey are generally more affordable compared to private universities. For international students, fees can range from around $1,000 to $5,000 per year for non-funded positions.

2. Private Universities: Private universities tend to have higher tuition fees compared to public universities. The fees can vary widely, but they might start from around $3,000 and can go up to $15,000 or more per year for non-funded positions.

3. Funded Positions: Some universities and research institutions offer funded PhD positions, where you might receive a monthly stipend and have your tuition fees waived. Funded positions are usually competitive and might be limited in availability.

4. Scholarships: Many universities offer scholarships for PhD students, which can help cover tuition fees and living expenses. These scholarships can be based on academic merit, research potential, or financial need.

Cost of Studying PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) in Turkey

Eligibility for doing PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) in Turkey

1. Master's Degree: You typically need to have a master's degree from a recognized institution. Some universities might consider exceptional candidates with a bachelor's degree and substantial research experience.

2. Academic Transcripts: Official transcripts of your academic records from your previous studies, including your master's degree.

3. Language Proficiency: Since many PhD programs in Turkey are offered in English, you might need to demonstrate proficiency in English. This can be through standardized tests like TOEFL or IELTS. Some universities might also accept their own English proficiency exams.

4. Research Proposal: Most PhD programs require you to submit a detailed research proposal outlining your research topic, objectives, methodology, and significance.

5. Letters of Recommendation: You'll likely need to provide letters of recommendation from professors, researchers, or professionals who can vouch for your research potential and academic abilities.

6. Statement of Purpose: A statement of purpose or personal statement explaining your academic and career goals, why you want to pursue a PhD, and how the program aligns with your aspirations.

7. Entrance Exam: Some programs or universities might require you to take an entrance exam specific to your field of study. This is more common in competitive programs.

8. Interview: Depending on the program, you might be required to attend an interview, either in person or through video conferencing.

9. Work Experience (if applicable): Some PhD programs, especially those in professional fields, might require applicants to have relevant work experience.

Documents Required for PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) in Turkey

1. Application Form: Complete the university's online application form through their admission portal.

2. Master's Degree Certificate: A copy of your master's degree certificate from a recognized institution. It should be attested or notarized.

3. Academic Transcripts: Official transcripts of your academic records from your master's and, if applicable, bachelor's studies.

4. Language Proficiency Test Scores: If the program is taught in English, you might need to provide scores from English proficiency tests such as TOEFL or IELTS. Some universities might also accept their own English proficiency exams.

5. Research Proposal: A detailed research proposal outlining your research topic, objectives, methodology, and significance.

6. Passport Copy: A clear copy of your passport's information page.

7. CV/Resume: A detailed CV or resume outlining your educational background, work experience, research, and any relevant activities.

8. Letters of Recommendation: Usually 2-3 letters of recommendation from professors, researchers, or professionals who can attest to your research potential and academic qualities.

9. Statement of Purpose: A written statement explaining your academic and career goals, why you want to pursue a PhD, and how the program aligns with your aspirations.

10. Passport-Sized Photographs: Passport-sized photographs that meet the specifications set by the university.

11. Application Fee: Payment of the required application fee, as specified by the university.

12. Equivalency Certificate: For international applicants, a certificate stating the equivalence of your master's degree to a Turkish master's degree might be required. This is issued by Turkish higher education authorities.

13. Health and Medical Documents: Some universities might require medical check-up reports or health insurance documents.

14. Visa Documents: After being accepted into a program, you'll need to provide the necessary documents to apply for a student visa. These might include a visa application form, acceptance letter from the university, proof of financial ability, and more.

Scholarships for PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) in Turkey

1. Turkiye Scholarships: The Turkiye Scholarships program provides full funding for international students to pursue their PhD studies in Turkey. It covers tuition fees, accommodation, health insurance, and a monthly stipend. The program is highly competitive and open to students from around the world.

2. University Scholarships: Many Turkish universities offer scholarships for both domestic and international PhD students. These scholarships can cover tuition fees, accommodation, and living expenses. Each university might have its own scholarship programs, so it's essential to research the specific university's website for details.

3. Research Grants: Some research institutions and organizations in Turkey provide research grants and fellowships for PhD students working on specific research projects. These grants might cover research expenses, travel, and stipends.

4. Government Scholarships: Besides Turkiye Scholarships, various government ministries and agencies offer scholarships for specific fields of study. These might be country-specific or focused on certain disciplines.

5. Bilateral Agreements: Turkey has bilateral agreements with certain countries that allow for academic and research collaboration. These agreements might also include scholarship opportunities for students from those countries.

6. External Funding Sources: Depending on your field of study, you might be eligible for international scholarships from organizations like Fulbright, DAAD (for German students), Chevening (for UK students), and others. Some of these scholarships might also support PhD studies in Turkey.

Jobs and Salary after PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) in Turkey

1. University Professor: With a PhD, you can pursue an academic career as a university professor or lecturer. Salaries can vary widely depending on the university, department, and academic rank. Entry-level positions might start around $1,500 - $2,500 per month, and higher academic ranks can earn more.

2. Research Scientist: Many PhD holders work as research scientists in academia, research institutions, or industry. Salaries can vary based on the organization and your level of experience, starting around $1,000 - $1,800 per month.

3. Industry Research and Development: Industries, especially in sectors like technology, engineering, and pharmaceuticals, hire PhD graduates for research and development roles. Salaries can vary based on the industry, company size, and position, starting around $1,500 - $3,000 per month.

4. Government and Public Sector: PhD holders might work in government agencies, research organizations, or public sector institutions. Salaries can vary based on the position and government pay scale.

5. Consultant: PhD graduates might work as consultants, offering expertise to organizations, businesses, or government agencies. Consultant salaries can vary widely based on the nature of the consulting work, but entry-level salaries might start around $1,500 - $2,500 per month.

6. Data Scientist/Analyst: For PhD holders in fields related to data science, analytics, or quantitative research, roles as data scientists or analysts are available. Salaries can start around $1,500 - $3,000 per month.

7. Entrepreneurship: Some PhD holders venture into entrepreneurship, starting their own businesses based on their research expertise. Earnings can be highly variable and depend on the success of the business.

8. Postdoctoral Researcher: After completing your PhD, you might pursue postdoctoral research positions to further develop your research skills before entering a permanent job role.

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Science and technology policy studies (phd program).

Understanding technological change entails developing a comprehensive interdisciplinary approach which is critical in designing and implementing appropriate science and technology policies. Ph.D. Program in Science and Technology Policy Studies is supported by various disciplines such as economics, administrative sciences, engineering, sociology, history, philosophy, communication and cultural studies.

Recent developments in the knowledge-intensity of economic activity and rapid technological advancement have significant socio-economic repercussions at the level of nation states, regions, industries, markets, and firms. In this context the program aims to confront the challenges by providing several concentration areas for policy making.

The mission of the Science and Technology Studies Ph.D. program is to encourage scientific research and policy making particularly in the fields of technological change and innovation processes that are indispensable elements for understanding the structural changes in the current economic and social life. Consequently, the program creates a new set of opportunities for those who are at the early stages of their careers to pursue research training in a challenging and important area of inquiry.

• Doktora Programı

Educational objectives

The graduates of Science and Technology Policy Studies PhD program;

• can work as an academician or researcher at higher education institutions in Turkey and abroad.
• can work as a chief expert, coordinator and director at the science, technology and innovation policy units in the related public and autonomous institutions.
• can work as a coordinator or director in the technology management and strategy departments of private companies.

Educational outcomes

Upon completion of the PhD program our students,

• will gain an interdisciplinary perspective to analyze and conduct research on the economic and social consequences of technological progress.
• will gain competence to develop and implement harmonious science, technology and innovation strategies and policies.
• will acquire conceptual and methodological knowledge to design long term science, technology and innovation policy.
• will have the knowledge to carry out academic research and teach on topics related with science, technology and innovation.
• will gain the necessary conceptual, methodological and applied knowledge to carry out impact assessment of science, technology and innovation policies.

According to the Higher Education Regulation (YÖK), students who graduate from a non-thesis graduate program cannot apply for a Ph.D. program.

Eğitim Amaçları

Bilim ve Teknoloji Politikası Çalışmaları Doktora Programı mezunlarımız;

• İlgili kamu ve özerk kurumların bilim, teknoloji ve yenilik politikası birimlerinde başuzman, koordinatör ve yönetici olarak çalışabilirler.
• Yurtiçinde ve yurtdışında yükseköğretim kurumlarında araştırmacı veya akademisyen olarak çalışabilirler.
• Özel şirketlerin teknoloji stratejisini belirleyen birimlerinde koordinatör ve yönetici olarak çalışabilirler.

Eğitim Çıktıları

Bilim ve Teknoloji Politikası Çalışmaları Doktora Programı öğrencileri;

• Teknolojik ilerlemenin ekonomik ve sosyal sonuçlarını incelemek için disiplinlerarası bakış açısı ve araştırma yürütebilme kabiliyeti kazanırlar.
• Teknolojinin getirdiği sosyal ve ekonomik dönüşümlere uyum sağlayabilecek strateji ve politika geliştirme ve uygulama yetisi kazanırlar.
• Uzun dönemli bilim, teknoloji ve yenilik politikası tasarlayabilecek düzeyde kavramsal, yöntemsel ve uygulamalı bilgi edinirler.
• Bilim, teknoloji ve yenilik konularında akademik araştırma yürütebilecek ve ders verebilecek düzeyde kavramsal, yöntemsel ve uygulamalı bilgi edinirler.
• Bilim, teknoloji ve yenilik politikalarının etki analizini yapabilecek düzeyde kavramsal, yöntemsel ve uygulamalı bilgi edinirler.

YÖK Yönetmeliğine göre tezsiz yüksek lisans programından mezun olan öğreciler Doktora programına başvuru yapamamaktadır.

Program Structure

The program consists of 3 required must courses and 4 elective courses. After completing the coursework the students have to take the qualifer exam in the 5th semester of the program. Upon succesfully passing the qualifer exam the student advances to write a PhD thesis. The program offers courses on a wide range of areas by focusing on both the theoretical and policy foundations of technology such as economics of innovation, political economy of technological change, general purpose technologies such as nano-technology, bio-technology and information and communication technologies, clustering of innovative activity, technology policy and impact assestment, technology and work organisation. A sketch of the Ph.D. program is presented below. You can get more information regarding the courses here .

PhD. program (3 must, 4 electives, qualifier exam and PhD thesis)

Must Courses

• STPS 601 Innovation, Technology and Economic Development
• STPS 602 Technology and Industrial Strategy
• STPS 605 Research Methods, Analytical Techniques and Ethics

From the third semester onwards students have to enroll in non-credit PhD courses

• STPS 900-999 Special Topics
• STPS 699 Ph.D. Thesis

Students have to complete all coursework (3 must, 4 elective and one seminar course STPS 604) in the first four semesters. The students have to take the qualifier exam in the fifth semester. If successful the student proceeds to writing a PhD thesis upon successfull PhD proposal defense within six months of the qualifier exam. The maximum PhD education is 12 semesters.

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PhD Education programs in Turkey

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Ph.D. Study in Turkey - Your Comprehensive Guide

Table Of Contents

Advantages of studying a ph.d. in turkey, ph.d. system in turkey, ph.d. requirements in turkey, ph.d. enrollment fees in turkey, why do i choose the study platform (al-dirasa) to register for ph.d. programs in turkey, information about studying a ph.d. in turkey.

Turkey continues to attract different students to study in its educational institutions, not only at undergraduate levels but also in postgraduate studies, masters, and Ph.D.

The student who has completed his master's degree can pursue the highest level of doctoral achievement.

The first advantage of doctoral studies in Turkey is low fees compared to many countries in the world.

In addition, doctoral studies in Turkey have diversity in specialties, and the living costs associated with the study are low.

Study in Turkish, English, and Arabic is also available at some universities. The Ph.D. study in Turkey offers significant future opportunities at work, with the possibility of equivalent certificates before the beginning of the study if they are from outside Turkey (issued by Turkey does not need to be equalized).

There is also a consideration for employees, thus, most lessons are in the evening.

Turkey's doctoral system is based on studying university courses, unlike some Arab universities that do not require a year to study university courses. In some specialties, You are allowed to study Ph.D. right away after getting your bachelor's degree, and in this case, you will have to study for ten semesters. If you have already a master's degree, you are required to study only eight semesters. In both cases, after passing the university courses successfully, you have to pass an efficiency exam before starting to prepare the Ph.D. thesis.

A doctoral study in Turkey does not require more than a master’s degree certificate with the transcript. The same is required if you have a bachelor’s degree. Also, you need to have personal photos, a minimum of two letters of recommendation from scholars, and a copy of the passport and residence permit. Some universities require an interview or an Aptitude test.

Turkey is one of the low-cost countries for study in general, and doctoral studies in particular, and the cost is determined by the specialization and the university, but the cost includes the four years and is estimated between five thousand dollars to twelve thousand US dollars, and universities allow the possibility of paying the costs in installments.

Applying for a Ph.D. in Turkey

Each university announces through its official website the dates for registration, so, the student can apply to any of the doctoral programs in Turkish universities. After applying and fulfilling the documentation requirements, the results will be announced and the registration procedures will begin.

The study platform is a pioneer in this field, and it has contracts with official agents to register and obtain admissions in universities, as the platform guarantees you to get a seat at the university with discounts and large discounts from the tuition fee, and the study platform guides the student to all the procedures that he must complete to register Officially at the university and obtains the “student document”, we also help the student to secure the appropriate university housing and in matters of obtaining student residence, and we keep in touch with the student to provide consultations and inquiries that he may need.

The study platform is a leader in this field and has contracts with official agents to register and obtain university admissions. Al-Dirasa platform guarantees you a seat at the university with considerable fees discounts. We provide the student with consultations and guidance that make him/ her aware of all the procedures that he/she must complete to enroll officially at the university and obtain a "student document". We also help our students to choose appropriate university accommodation options and obtain student residence identity. We ensure keeping in touch with students to provide advice and inquiries that they may need.

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Doctoral Programmes

Rector of the University of Turku has appointed 16 doctoral programmes for the term 1.8.2021 - 31.7.2025.

Doctoral Programme in Biology, Geography and Geology (BGG)

Doctoral programme in clinical research (dpcr), doctoral programme on educational policy, lifelong learning and comparative education research (keveko), doctoral programme in history, culture and arts studies (juno), doctoral programme on inequalities, interventions and new welfare state (dpinvest), doctoral programme in languages and translation studies (utuling), doctoral programme in law, doctoral programme on learning, teaching and learning environments research (oppi), doctoral programme in nursing science (dpnurs), turku doctoral programme of molecular medicine (tudmm), doctoral programme in exact sciences (exactus), doctoral programme in technology (dpt), doctoral programme of social and behavioural sciences, doctoral programme of turku school of economics, drug research doctoral programme (drdp), finnish doctoral program in oral sciences (findos turku).

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• Plan and Schedule of Lessons
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• Advisor Change and Thesis Topic Determination Procedures
• Thesis Manual
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• Academic Rewards

Our PhD program is open to students who meet the entry requirements. Students with a postgraduate degree in International Relations, Political Science, Economics, Sociology, History and Theology are especially encouraged to apply.

Offering various courses in Turkish, English, and Arabic, our doctorate program, namely the Middle Eastern Studies PhD program, aims to attract students from different backgrounds with keen interest in the Middle East.

The normal period of registration for a full time PhD is 8 semesters. An education year in Turkey consists of 2 semesters, Fall Semester and Spring Semester. Students can ask for a maximum of four semester extension if they cannot qualify for graduation within the expected program length. Doctorate students have to pass at least eight of their courses in order to start writing their theses. Students can choose to write their theses in one of the program languages.

Course Struct.&ECTS Credits

For foreign students; detailed information about the application requirements and process can be found here .

• Reading List for Middle East Institute PhD

Doctorate Degree Programs

Graduate school of social sciences.

PhD in Business Administration

[EN/TR] [4 years]

PhD in Accounting and Auditing

[TR] [4 years]

PhD in Political Science and International Relations

PhD in Industrial Policies and Technology Management

PhD in Marketing

PhD in Private Law

Graduate school of finance.

PhD in Banking

Financial Economics

Insurance and Risk Management

Graduate school of foreign trade.

PhD in International Trade

PhD in International Trade and The European Law

Graduate school of natural and applied sciences.

PhD in Mechatronics

PhD in Computer Engineering

PhD in Cyber Security

PhD in Mathematics

PhD in Industrial Engineering

PhD in Electronics and Communication Engineering

PhD in Real Estate Development and Management

Graduate school of science and internet communications.

PhD in Cinema

Communication Design and Management

PhD in Public Relations and Advertising

PhD in Media and Communications Studies

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Turkey – PhD programs in Education and Teaching

We found 25 universities offering 25 PhD programs.

Study the PhD programs in Education and Teaching in Turkey

Universities

Years of study

~ RUB 288,650

Tuition fees

Who is PhD in Pedagogy?

The Doctor of Philosophy in Pedagogy is an advanced degree for graduates of historical faculties awarded on the basis of a dissertation. Pedagogy can mean the study of the theory and practice of education, but it can also refer to teaching children and young students in a personal, holistic way. In the latter sense, pedagogy might be regarded as the art of bringing up and offering basic education to children. Students in pedagogy learn ways to effectively teach life-preparing knowledge such as social skills and cultural norms to their future young pupils.

What are the tasks of PhD of Pedagogy?

The main tasks for PhD in Pedagogy: development of methods of pedagogical knowledge, conducting global studies on topical problems of pedagogy, development of relevant topics of different kinds of education.

Turkey – PhD programs in Education and Teaching statistics

Free-Apply.com provides information about 25 PhD programs in Education and Teaching at 25 universities in Turkey. Furthermore, you can choose one of 87 Bachelor programs in Education and Teaching at 84 universities, 70 Master programs in Education and Teaching at 69 universities, and 25 PhD programs in Education and Teaching at 25 universities.

Reasons to study in Turkey

No 83 in the world education ranking.

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The largest cities offering PhD programs in Education and Teaching in Turkey

Higher education statistics of the largest cities in Turkey.

Turkey – Average monthly personal finance statistics

~ rub 32,361, ~ rub 13,605, ~ rub 14,684, ~ rub 38,617, turkey – where to study.

The most popular student cities in Turkey.

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Apply now and get a 100% tuition fee discount for the first year of studies

Universities offering the most popular PhD programs in Education and Teaching in Turkey

Istanbul University

Turkey, Istanbul

Istanbul University was established in 1453 by the Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II. However, Richard Honig, a German law historian, who claims that Byzantine and Ottoman traditions could...

Boğaziçi University

Boğaziçi University is a major research university located on the European side of the Bosphorus strait in Istanbul, Turkey. Founded in 1863, as Robert College, it is the first Ame...

Yildiz Technical University

Yıldız Technical University is a technical university dedicated to engineering sciences and is one of the most prominent educational institutions in Istanbul, Turkey. The central c...

Cappadocia University

Cappadocia University founded in 2005 continue its education and research studies with its 31 associate and 15 Bachelor, 21 Master and PhD programs with more than 250 teaching sta...

Dokuz Eylül University

Turkey, Izmir

Dokuz Eylül University (DEÜ) is a university in Turkey. It is located in İzmir, Turkey. It was founded in 1982 and is organized in 15 faculties. DEU is the first university which a...

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EDUCATION IN TÜRKİYE

Türkiye is undergoing an important transformation in the field of higher education with its well-established academic institutions, an increasing number of universities, research centers, academicians and internationalization of standards.

University Students

Universities, international academics, international students, higher education programs.

Equivalency and Recognition

Student Exchange Programs

Global Education Vision

Erasmus Exchange Program

Mevlana exchange program.

The Mevlana Exchange Program is a program that enables student exchange between universities in Türkiye and universities abroad. Unlike other exchange programs, the Mevlana Exchange Program covers all higher education institutions that have signed the Protocol without any geographical region restrictions.

Farabi Exchange Program

The Farabi Exchange Program is a domestic exchange program that aims to allow students to study at a different university other than their own university for one or two semesters. Non-refundable grants are provided by YÖK to the students participating in the exchange. Thanks to this program, you can study in a second city in Türkiye as an exchange student and have the opportunity to get to know Türkiye better.

Countries and periods of exchange may vary according to the protocols signed by the universities. Please consult your university for detailed information and applications.

Students with a Türkiye Scholarship can participate in exchange programs only for 1 semester.

Our students must give notice together with their documents of admission to the Directocate within 15 days after receiving admission to the exchange program.

Please make sure that you will not have a semester loss because the semester in which you participate in the exchange program will be counted towards the scholarship period.

Türkiye's internationalization efforts in higher education are fundamentally based on the following four principles:

Academic development and interaction

Economic development and solidarity

Social and cultural interaction

Development of political and diplomatic relations

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Turkey is an interesting country, with a unique location between East and West. As it is a home to many different cultures, both modern and ancient, which is why it is a destination for many students all over the world.

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Studying a PhD in Turkey is a good option for many students, due to the high academic level of Turkish universities, also the lower cost of living and studying in Turkey than many European countries.

Moreover, universities in Turkey have excellent and modern facilities, and many degrees in Turkey are also valid all over the world.

There are many famous PhD programs in Turkey, and you can choose what suits you to complete the study in one of them.

Below we will talk about the best university to study a PhD in Turkey, the conditions and required documents.

Studying a PhD in Turkey

A PhD is a scientific research or course of study that lasts 2 to 5 years, and PhD students are admitted after completing a master’s degree.

A PhD is the highest level of postgraduate study, and people with a PhD degree are usually allowed to teach at universities.

Conditions for studying a PhD in Turkey

Students who wish to study a PhD in Turkey must take an admission test in Turkish universities to prove their academic expertise.

The admission tests to Turkish universities in the PhD program are:

• ALES Test : The minimum score required to pass this test is 50 to 70, and this test is taken three times a year.
• GMAT Test: The minimum score required for admission is 500, which is valid for five years.
• GRE Test: The minimum score required for admission is 685, which is valid for five years.

Students are evaluated for PhD studies in Turkey on the basis of one of these tests, these tests are certified in Turkish universities in written and oral form.

After passing the admission exam, students can start studying for a PhD, and the university’s competency committee reviews students’ research regularly every six months.

When a student completes their research, their final thesis will be reviewed by a jury.

Note that studying a PhD in Turkey does not have a specific age requirement, but to receive a scholarship to study a PhD in Turkey, the student must be less than 35 years.

Students wishing to obtain a scholarship to study a PhD in Turkey must have a GPA above 15 in their master’s program.

Languages ​​for PhD programs in Turkey

The predominant study languages ​​in many PhD programs in Turkish universities are English and Turkish.

Foreign students must take one of the English or Turkish language tests in order to study for a PhD in Turkey.

English language tests include:

• TOEFL Test: The minimum TOEFL score required for a PhD program is 79 and is valid for two years.
• IELTS Test: The minimum score required for the IELTS test in a PhD program is 7 and is valid for two years.

Turkish language tests include:

• TÖMER Test: The most popular Turkish language test, students in this test must obtain a Turkish language certificate with C1 skills to study for a doctorate.

PhD programs in Turkey

PhD programs in Turkey include many specializations in various fields. The most important of which are:

Medicine, Veterinary medicine, Nursing, Finance and Banking, Business Administration, Architecture, Industrial Engineering, Civil Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Design Studies, Biosciences and Genetics, International Relations…

The most famous universities to study a PhD in Turkey

PhD studies are possible in 166 universities in Turkey, the duration of doctoral studies is usually two or three years.

Universities in Turkey are divided into public and private universities, and all Turkish universities are subject to the Turkish Higher Education Council (YOK) , which means that Turkish universities compete internationally and follow high educational standards.

Here is a list of the most famous universities to study PhD in Turkey:

• Cankaya University: ranked 401-500 in THE 2021 Rankings of Best Universities in the World .
• Koç University: ranked 501–600.
• Hacettepe University: ranked 601–800.
• Sabancı University: ranked 501–600.
• Bilkent University: ranked 601–800.
• Boğaziçi University: ranked 801–1000.
• Istanbul Technical University: ranked 601–800.

The tuition fees to study a PhD in Turkey

The tuition fees of studying a PhD in Turkey ranges from 1000$ to 2000$ in public universities, while it rises to about 3000$ to 15,000$ in private universities annually.

PhD students in Turkey can also get scholarships, but since PhD tuition fees at Turkish public universities are relatively low, scholarships are usually reserved for students from countries with weaker economies.

Working conditions while studying for a PhD in Turkey

PhD Students in Turkey are not allowed to work full time, but they can find part time jobs, some of the most popular part time jobs:

• Assistant Professor.
• Waiters in cafes or restaurants.
• Salesman in stores or supermarkets.
• Private teacher for school lessons.
• Online jobs.

Work after a PhD in Turkey

PhD students can be employed in universities after completing their PhD study.

They can also obtain a work permit and residence in Turkey , and they can also buy a property in Turkey and obtain a residence permit.

Documents needed to study a PhD in Turkey

• Bachelor’s degree.
• Master’s degree.
• Master’s Thesis.
• A copy of a passport valid for at least 90 days.
• Recent photograph.
• Proof of financial ability.
• health insurance.

Frequently Asked Questions About PhD Study in Turkey

Why is pursuing a phd in turkey a good choice for foreign students.

Because of the high quality of education in Turkish universities, and the lower cost of education and living compared to other countries.

How long does it take to study for a PhD in Turkey?

Studying a PhD in Turkey usually takes between two to three years, and may reach five years in some disciplines.

What are the admission tests for PhD studies in Turkey?

ALES test, GMAT test, or GRE test.

Are the universities that offer PhD programs in Turkey only public?

No, public and private universities in Turkey offer different PhD programs.

What Turkish cities contain the most famous universities to study for a PhD degree?

İstanbul, İzmir, Ankara, Mersin, Kayseri city.

How much is the tuition fee for a PhD in Turkey?

Tuition fees to study a PhD degree in Turkish public universities range from $1,000 to $2,000 per year.

While the tuition fees for doctoral studies in private Turkish universities range from 3000 to 15,000 dollars annually.

Can PhD students in Turkey get scholarships?

Yes, the Turkish government and some private and public universities in Turkey offer scholarships for PhD students.

Are PhD students allowed to work while studying in Turkey?

Yes, PhD students in Turkey are allowed to work part-time, about 30 hours per week.

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