bachelor thesis topics machine learning

The Future of AI Research: 20 Thesis Ideas for Undergraduate Students in Machine Learning and Deep Learning for 2023!

A comprehensive guide for crafting an original and innovative thesis in the field of ai..

By Aarafat Islam on 2023-01-11

“The beauty of machine learning is that it can be applied to any problem you want to solve, as long as you can provide the computer with enough examples.” — Andrew Ng

This article provides a list of 20 potential thesis ideas for an undergraduate program in machine learning and deep learning in 2023. Each thesis idea includes an  introduction , which presents a brief overview of the topic and the  research objectives . The ideas provided are related to different areas of machine learning and deep learning, such as computer vision, natural language processing, robotics, finance, drug discovery, and more. The article also includes explanations, examples, and conclusions for each thesis idea, which can help guide the research and provide a clear understanding of the potential contributions and outcomes of the proposed research. The article also emphasized the importance of originality and the need for proper citation in order to avoid plagiarism.

1. Investigating the use of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) in medical imaging:  A deep learning approach to improve the accuracy of medical diagnoses.

Introduction:  Medical imaging is an important tool in the diagnosis and treatment of various medical conditions. However, accurately interpreting medical images can be challenging, especially for less experienced doctors. This thesis aims to explore the use of GANs in medical imaging, in order to improve the accuracy of medical diagnoses.

2. Exploring the use of deep learning in natural language generation (NLG): An analysis of the current state-of-the-art and future potential.

Introduction:  Natural language generation is an important field in natural language processing (NLP) that deals with creating human-like text automatically. Deep learning has shown promising results in NLP tasks such as machine translation, sentiment analysis, and question-answering. This thesis aims to explore the use of deep learning in NLG and analyze the current state-of-the-art models, as well as potential future developments.

3. Development and evaluation of deep reinforcement learning (RL) for robotic navigation and control.

Introduction:  Robotic navigation and control are challenging tasks, which require a high degree of intelligence and adaptability. Deep RL has shown promising results in various robotics tasks, such as robotic arm control, autonomous navigation, and manipulation. This thesis aims to develop and evaluate a deep RL-based approach for robotic navigation and control and evaluate its performance in various environments and tasks.

4. Investigating the use of deep learning for drug discovery and development.

Introduction:  Drug discovery and development is a time-consuming and expensive process, which often involves high failure rates. Deep learning has been used to improve various tasks in bioinformatics and biotechnology, such as protein structure prediction and gene expression analysis. This thesis aims to investigate the use of deep learning for drug discovery and development and examine its potential to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the drug development process.

5. Comparison of deep learning and traditional machine learning methods for anomaly detection in time series data.

Introduction:  Anomaly detection in time series data is a challenging task, which is important in various fields such as finance, healthcare, and manufacturing. Deep learning methods have been used to improve anomaly detection in time series data, while traditional machine learning methods have been widely used as well. This thesis aims to compare deep learning and traditional machine learning methods for anomaly detection in time series data and examine their respective strengths and weaknesses.

Photo by  Joanna Kosinska  on  Unsplash

6. Use of deep transfer learning in speech recognition and synthesis.

Introduction:  Speech recognition and synthesis are areas of natural language processing that focus on converting spoken language to text and vice versa. Transfer learning has been widely used in deep learning-based speech recognition and synthesis systems to improve their performance by reusing the features learned from other tasks. This thesis aims to investigate the use of transfer learning in speech recognition and synthesis and how it improves the performance of the system in comparison to traditional methods.

7. The use of deep learning for financial prediction.

Introduction:  Financial prediction is a challenging task that requires a high degree of intelligence and adaptability, especially in the field of stock market prediction. Deep learning has shown promising results in various financial prediction tasks, such as stock price prediction and credit risk analysis. This thesis aims to investigate the use of deep learning for financial prediction and examine its potential to improve the accuracy of financial forecasting.

8. Investigating the use of deep learning for computer vision in agriculture.

Introduction:  Computer vision has the potential to revolutionize the field of agriculture by improving crop monitoring, precision farming, and yield prediction. Deep learning has been used to improve various computer vision tasks, such as object detection, semantic segmentation, and image classification. This thesis aims to investigate the use of deep learning for computer vision in agriculture and examine its potential to improve the efficiency and accuracy of crop monitoring and precision farming.

9. Development and evaluation of deep learning models for generative design in engineering and architecture.

Introduction:  Generative design is a powerful tool in engineering and architecture that can help optimize designs and reduce human error. Deep learning has been used to improve various generative design tasks, such as design optimization and form generation. This thesis aims to develop and evaluate deep learning models for generative design in engineering and architecture and examine their potential to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the design process.

10. Investigating the use of deep learning for natural language understanding.

Introduction:  Natural language understanding is a complex task of natural language processing that involves extracting meaning from text. Deep learning has been used to improve various NLP tasks, such as machine translation, sentiment analysis, and question-answering. This thesis aims to investigate the use of deep learning for natural language understanding and examine its potential to improve the efficiency and accuracy of natural language understanding systems.

Photo by  UX Indonesia  on  Unsplash

11. Comparing deep learning and traditional machine learning methods for image compression.

Introduction:  Image compression is an important task in image processing and computer vision. It enables faster data transmission and storage of image files. Deep learning methods have been used to improve image compression, while traditional machine learning methods have been widely used as well. This thesis aims to compare deep learning and traditional machine learning methods for image compression and examine their respective strengths and weaknesses.

12. Using deep learning for sentiment analysis in social media.

Introduction:  Sentiment analysis in social media is an important task that can help businesses and organizations understand their customers’ opinions and feedback. Deep learning has been used to improve sentiment analysis in social media, by training models on large datasets of social media text. This thesis aims to use deep learning for sentiment analysis in social media, and evaluate its performance against traditional machine learning methods.

13. Investigating the use of deep learning for image generation.

Introduction:  Image generation is a task in computer vision that involves creating new images from scratch or modifying existing images. Deep learning has been used to improve various image generation tasks, such as super-resolution, style transfer, and face generation. This thesis aims to investigate the use of deep learning for image generation and examine its potential to improve the quality and diversity of generated images.

14. Development and evaluation of deep learning models for anomaly detection in cybersecurity.

Introduction:  Anomaly detection in cybersecurity is an important task that can help detect and prevent cyber-attacks. Deep learning has been used to improve various anomaly detection tasks, such as intrusion detection and malware detection. This thesis aims to develop and evaluate deep learning models for anomaly detection in cybersecurity and examine their potential to improve the efficiency and accuracy of cybersecurity systems.

15. Investigating the use of deep learning for natural language summarization.

Introduction:  Natural language summarization is an important task in natural language processing that involves creating a condensed version of a text that preserves its main meaning. Deep learning has been used to improve various natural language summarization tasks, such as document summarization and headline generation. This thesis aims to investigate the use of deep learning for natural language summarization and examine its potential to improve the efficiency and accuracy of natural language summarization systems.

Photo by  Windows  on  Unsplash

16. Development and evaluation of deep learning models for facial expression recognition.

Introduction:  Facial expression recognition is an important task in computer vision and has many practical applications, such as human-computer interaction, emotion recognition, and psychological studies. Deep learning has been used to improve facial expression recognition, by training models on large datasets of images. This thesis aims to develop and evaluate deep learning models for facial expression recognition and examine their performance against traditional machine learning methods.

17. Investigating the use of deep learning for generative models in music and audio.

Introduction:  Music and audio synthesis is an important task in audio processing, which has many practical applications, such as music generation and speech synthesis. Deep learning has been used to improve generative models for music and audio, by training models on large datasets of audio data. This thesis aims to investigate the use of deep learning for generative models in music and audio and examine its potential to improve the quality and diversity of generated audio.

18. Study the comparison of deep learning models with traditional algorithms for anomaly detection in network traffic.

Introduction:  Anomaly detection in network traffic is an important task that can help detect and prevent cyber-attacks. Deep learning models have been used for this task, and traditional methods such as clustering and rule-based systems are widely used as well. This thesis aims to compare deep learning models with traditional algorithms for anomaly detection in network traffic and analyze the trade-offs between the models in terms of accuracy and scalability.

19. Investigating the use of deep learning for improving recommender systems.

Introduction:  Recommender systems are widely used in many applications such as online shopping, music streaming, and movie streaming. Deep learning has been used to improve the performance of recommender systems, by training models on large datasets of user-item interactions. This thesis aims to investigate the use of deep learning for improving recommender systems and compare its performance with traditional content-based and collaborative filtering approaches.

20. Development and evaluation of deep learning models for multi-modal data analysis.

Introduction:  Multi-modal data analysis is the task of analyzing and understanding data from multiple sources such as text, images, and audio. Deep learning has been used to improve multi-modal data analysis, by training models on large datasets of multi-modal data. This thesis aims to develop and evaluate deep learning models for multi-modal data analysis and analyze their potential to improve performance in comparison to single-modal models.

I hope that this article has provided you with a useful guide for your thesis research in machine learning and deep learning. Remember to conduct a thorough literature review and to include proper citations in your work, as well as to be original in your research to avoid plagiarism. I wish you all the best of luck with your thesis and your research endeavors!

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How to Contact Faculty for IW/Thesis Advising

Send the professor an e-mail. When you write a professor, be clear that you want a meeting regarding a senior thesis or one-on-one IW project, and briefly describe the topic or idea that you want to work on. Check the faculty listing for email addresses.

Parastoo Abtahi, Room 419

Available for single-semester IW and senior thesis advising, 2024-2025

• Research Areas: Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), Augmented Reality (AR), and Spatial Computing
• Input techniques for on-the-go interaction (e.g., eye-gaze, microgestures, voice) with a focus on uncertainty, disambiguation, and privacy.
• Minimal and timely multisensory output (e.g., spatial audio, haptics) that enables users to attend to their physical environment and the people around them, instead of a 2D screen.
• Interaction with intelligent systems (e.g., IoT, robots) situated in physical spaces with a focus on updating users’ mental model despite the complexity and dynamicity of these systems.

Ryan Adams, Room 411

Research areas:

• Machine learning driven design
• Generative models for structured discrete objects
• Approximate inference in probabilistic models
• Accelerating solutions to partial differential equations
• Innovative uses of automatic differentiation
• Modeling and optimizing 3d printing and CNC machining

Andrew Appel, Room 209

Available for Fall 2024 IW advising, only

• Research Areas: Formal methods, programming languages, compilers, computer security.
• Software verification (for which taking COS 326 / COS 510 is helpful preparation)
• Game theory of poker or other games (for which COS 217 / 226 are helpful)
• Computer game-playing programs (for which COS 217 / 226)
•  Risk-limiting audits of elections (for which ORF 245 or other knowledge of probability is useful)

Sanjeev Arora, Room 407

• Theoretical machine learning, deep learning and its analysis, natural language processing. My advisees would typically have taken a course in algorithms (COS423 or COS 521 or equivalent) and a course in machine learning.
• Show that finding approximate solutions to NP-complete problems is also NP-complete (i.e., come up with NP-completeness reductions a la COS 487). 
• Experimental Algorithms: Implementing and Evaluating Algorithms using existing software packages. 
• Studying/designing provable algorithms for machine learning and implementions using packages like scipy and MATLAB, including applications in Natural language processing and deep learning.
• Any topic in theoretical computer science.

David August, Room 221

Not available for IW or thesis advising, 2024-2025

• Research Areas: Computer Architecture, Compilers, Parallelism
• Containment-based approaches to security:  We have designed and tested a simple hardware+software containment mechanism that stops incorrect communication resulting from faults, bugs, or exploits from leaving the system.   Let's explore ways to use containment to solve real problems.  Expect to work with corporate security and technology decision-makers.
• Parallelism: Studies show much more parallelism than is currently realized in compilers and architectures.  Let's find ways to realize this parallelism.
• Any other interesting topic in computer architecture or compilers. 

Mark Braverman, 194 Nassau St., Room 231

• Research Areas: computational complexity, algorithms, applied probability, computability over the real numbers, game theory and mechanism design, information theory.
• Topics in computational and communication complexity.
• Applications of information theory in complexity theory.
• Algorithms for problems under real-life assumptions.
• Game theory, network effects
• Mechanism design (could be on a problem proposed by the student)

Sebastian Caldas, 221 Nassau Street, Room 105

• Research Areas: collaborative learning, machine learning for healthcare. Typically, I will work with students that have taken COS324.
• Methods for collaborative and continual learning.
• Machine learning for healthcare applications.

Bernard Chazelle, 194 Nassau St., Room 301

• Research Areas: Natural Algorithms, Computational Geometry, Sublinear Algorithms. 
• Natural algorithms (flocking, swarming, social networks, etc).
• Sublinear algorithms
• Self-improving algorithms
• Markov data structures

Danqi Chen, Room 412

• My advisees would be expected to have taken a course in machine learning and ideally have taken COS484 or an NLP graduate seminar.
• Representation learning for text and knowledge bases
• Pre-training and transfer learning
• Question answering and reading comprehension
• Information extraction
• Text summarization
• Any other interesting topics related to natural language understanding/generation

Marcel Dall'Agnol, Corwin 034

• Research Areas: Theoretical computer science. (Specifically, quantum computation, sublinear algorithms, complexity theory, interactive proofs and cryptography)
• Research Areas: Machine learning

Jia Deng, Room 423

•  Research Areas: Computer Vision, Machine Learning.
• Object recognition and action recognition
• Deep Learning, autoML, meta-learning
• Geometric reasoning, logical reasoning

Adji Bousso Dieng, Room 406

• Research areas: Vertaix is a research lab at Princeton University led by Professor Adji Bousso Dieng. We work at the intersection of artificial intelligence (AI) and the natural sciences. The models and algorithms we develop are motivated by problems in those domains and contribute to advancing methodological research in AI. We leverage tools in statistical machine learning and deep learning in developing methods for learning with the data, of various modalities, arising from the natural sciences.

Robert Dondero, Corwin Hall, Room 038

• Research Areas:  Software engineering; software engineering education.
• Develop or evaluate tools to facilitate student learning in undergraduate computer science courses at Princeton, and beyond.
• In particular, can code critiquing tools help students learn about software quality?

Zeev Dvir, 194 Nassau St., Room 250

• Research Areas: computational complexity, pseudo-randomness, coding theory and discrete mathematics.
• Independent Research: I have various research problems related to Pseudorandomness, Coding theory, Complexity and Discrete mathematics - all of which require strong mathematical background. A project could also be based on writing a survey paper describing results from a few theory papers revolving around some particular subject.

Benjamin Eysenbach, Room 416

• Research areas: reinforcement learning, machine learning. My advisees would typically have taken COS324.
• Using RL algorithms to applications in science and engineering.
• Emergent behavior of RL algorithms on high-fidelity robotic simulators.
• Studying how architectures and representations can facilitate generalization.

Christiane Fellbaum, 1-S-14 Green

• Research Areas: theoretical and computational linguistics, word sense disambiguation, lexical resource construction, English and multilingual WordNet(s), ontology
• Anything having to do with natural language--come and see me with/for ideas suitable to your background and interests. Some topics students have worked on in the past:
• Developing parsers, part-of-speech taggers, morphological analyzers for underrepresented languages (you don't have to know the language to develop such tools!)
• Quantitative approaches to theoretical linguistics questions
• Extensions and interfaces for WordNet (English and WN in other languages),
• Applications of WordNet(s), including:
• Foreign language tutoring systems,
• Spelling correction software,
• Word-finding/suggestion software for ordinary users and people with memory problems,
• Machine Translation 
• Sentiment and Opinion detection
• Automatic reasoning and inferencing
• Collaboration with professors in the social sciences and humanities ("Digital Humanities")

Adam Finkelstein, Room 424 

• Research Areas: computer graphics, audio.

Robert S. Fish, Corwin Hall, Room 037

• Networking and telecommunications
• Learning, perception, and intelligence, artificial and otherwise;
• Human-computer interaction and computer-supported cooperative work
• Online education, especially in Computer Science Education
• Topics in research and development innovation methodologies including standards, open-source, and entrepreneurship
• Distributed autonomous organizations and related blockchain technologies

Michael Freedman, Room 308 

• Research Areas: Distributed systems, security, networking
• Projects related to streaming data analysis, datacenter systems and networks, untrusted cloud storage and applications. Please see my group website at http://sns.cs.princeton.edu/ for current research projects.

Ruth Fong, Room 032

• Research Areas: computer vision, machine learning, deep learning, interpretability, explainable AI, fairness and bias in AI
• Develop a technique for understanding AI models
• Design a AI model that is interpretable by design
• Build a paradigm for detecting and/or correcting failure points in an AI model
• Analyze an existing AI model and/or dataset to better understand its failure points
• Build a computer vision system for another domain (e.g., medical imaging, satellite data, etc.)
• Develop a software package for explainable AI
• Adapt explainable AI research to a consumer-facing problem

Note: I am happy to advise any project if there's a sufficient overlap in interest and/or expertise; please reach out via email to chat about project ideas.

Tom Griffiths, Room 405

Available for Fall 2024 single-semester IW advising, only

Research areas: computational cognitive science, computational social science, machine learning and artificial intelligence

Note: I am open to projects that apply ideas from computer science to understanding aspects of human cognition in a wide range of areas, from decision-making to cultural evolution and everything in between. For example, we have current projects analyzing chess game data and magic tricks, both of which give us clues about how human minds work. Students who have expertise or access to data related to games, magic, strategic sports like fencing, or other quantifiable domains of human behavior feel free to get in touch.

Aarti Gupta, Room 220

• Research Areas: Formal methods, program analysis, logic decision procedures
• Finding bugs in open source software using automatic verification tools
• Software verification (program analysis, model checking, test generation)
• Decision procedures for logical reasoning (SAT solvers, SMT solvers)

Elad Hazan, Room 409  

• Research interests: machine learning methods and algorithms, efficient methods for mathematical optimization, regret minimization in games, reinforcement learning, control theory and practice
• Machine learning, efficient methods for mathematical optimization, statistical and computational learning theory, regret minimization in games.
• Implementation and algorithm engineering for control, reinforcement learning and robotics
• Implementation and algorithm engineering for time series prediction

Felix Heide, Room 410

• Research Areas: Computational Imaging, Computer Vision, Machine Learning (focus on Optimization and Approximate Inference).
• Optical Neural Networks
• Hardware-in-the-loop Holography
• Zero-shot and Simulation-only Learning
• Object recognition in extreme conditions
• 3D Scene Representations for View Generation and Inverse Problems
• Long-range Imaging in Scattering Media
• Hardware-in-the-loop Illumination and Sensor Optimization
• Inverse Lidar Design
• Phase Retrieval Algorithms
• Proximal Algorithms for Learning and Inference
• Domain-Specific Language for Optics Design

Peter Henderson , 302 Sherrerd Hall

• Research Areas: Machine learning, law, and policy

Kyle Jamieson, Room 306

• Research areas: Wireless and mobile networking; indoor radar and indoor localization; Internet of Things
• See other topics on my independent work  ideas page  (campus IP and CS dept. login req'd)

Alan Kaplan, 221 Nassau Street, Room 105

Research Areas:

• Random apps of kindness - mobile application/technology frameworks used to help individuals or communities; topic areas include, but are not limited to: first response, accessibility, environment, sustainability, social activism, civic computing, tele-health, remote learning, crowdsourcing, etc.
• Tools automating programming language interoperability - Java/C++, React Native/Java, etc.
• Software visualization tools for education
• Connected consumer devices, applications and protocols

Brian Kernighan, Room 311

• Research Areas: application-specific languages, document preparation, user interfaces, software tools, programming methodology
• Application-oriented languages, scripting languages.
• Tools; user interfaces
• Digital humanities

Zachary Kincaid, Room 219

• Research areas: programming languages, program analysis, program verification, automated reasoning
• Independent Research Topics:
• Develop a practical algorithm for an intractable problem (e.g., by developing practical search heuristics, or by reducing to, or by identifying a tractable sub-problem, ...).
• Design a domain-specific programming language, or prototype a new feature for an existing language.
• Any interesting project related to programming languages or logic.

Gillat Kol, Room 316

• Research area: theory

Aleksandra Korolova, 309 Sherrerd Hall

• Research areas: Societal impacts of algorithms and AI; privacy; fair and privacy-preserving machine learning; algorithm auditing.

Advisees typically have taken one or more of COS 226, COS 324, COS 423, COS 424 or COS 445.

Pravesh Kothari, Room 320

• Research areas: Theory

Amit Levy, Room 307

• Research Areas: Operating Systems, Distributed Systems, Embedded Systems, Internet of Things
• Distributed hardware testing infrastructure
• Second factor security tokens
• Low-power wireless network protocol implementation
• USB device driver implementation

Kai Li, Room 321

• Research Areas: Distributed systems; storage systems; content-based search and data analysis of large datasets.
• Fast communication mechanisms for heterogeneous clusters.
• Approximate nearest-neighbor search for high dimensional data.
• Data analysis and prediction of in-patient medical data.
• Optimized implementation of classification algorithms on manycore processors.

Xiaoyan Li, 221 Nassau Street, Room 104

• Research areas: Information retrieval, novelty detection, question answering, AI, machine learning and data analysis.
• Explore new statistical retrieval models for document retrieval and question answering.
• Apply AI in various fields.
• Apply supervised or unsupervised learning in health, education, finance, and social networks, etc.
• Any interesting project related to AI, machine learning, and data analysis.

Lydia Liu, Room 414

• Research Areas: algorithmic decision making, machine learning and society
• Theoretical foundations for algorithmic decision making (e.g. mathematical modeling of data-driven decision processes, societal level dynamics)
• Societal impacts of algorithms and AI through a socio-technical lens (e.g. normative implications of worst case ML metrics, prediction and model arbitrariness)
• Machine learning for social impact domains, especially education (e.g. responsible development and use of LLMs for education equity and access)
• Evaluation of human-AI decision making using statistical methods (e.g. causal inference of long term impact)

Wyatt Lloyd, Room 323

• Research areas: Distributed Systems
• Caching algorithms and implementations
• Storage systems
• Distributed transaction algorithms and implementations

Alex Lombardi , Room 312

• Research Areas: Theory

Margaret Martonosi, Room 208

• Quantum Computing research, particularly related to architecture and compiler issues for QC.
• Computer architectures specialized for modern workloads (e.g., graph analytics, machine learning algorithms, mobile applications
• Investigating security and privacy vulnerabilities in computer systems, particularly IoT devices.
• Other topics in computer architecture or mobile / IoT systems also possible.

Jonathan Mayer, Sherrerd Hall, Room 307 

Available for Spring 2025 single-semester IW, only

• Research areas: Technology law and policy, with emphasis on national security, criminal procedure, consumer privacy, network management, and online speech.
• Assessing the effects of government policies, both in the public and private sectors.
• Collecting new data that relates to government decision making, including surveying current business practices and studying user behavior.
• Developing new tools to improve government processes and offer policy alternatives.

Mae Milano, Room 307

• Local-first / peer-to-peer systems
• Wide-ares storage systems
• Consistency and protocol design
• Type-safe concurrency
• Language design
• Gradual typing
• Domain-specific languages
• Languages for distributed systems

Andrés Monroy-Hernández, Room 405

• Research Areas: Human-Computer Interaction, Social Computing, Public-Interest Technology, Augmented Reality, Urban Computing
• Research interests:developing public-interest socio-technical systems.  We are currently creating alternatives to gig work platforms that are more equitable for all stakeholders. For instance, we are investigating the socio-technical affordances necessary to support a co-op food delivery network owned and managed by workers and restaurants. We are exploring novel system designs that support self-governance, decentralized/federated models, community-centered data ownership, and portable reputation systems.  We have opportunities for students interested in human-centered computing, UI/UX design, full-stack software development, and qualitative/quantitative user research.
• Beyond our core projects, we are open to working on research projects that explore the use of emerging technologies, such as AR, wearables, NFTs, and DAOs, for creative and out-of-the-box applications.

Christopher Moretti, Corwin Hall, Room 036

• Research areas: Distributed systems, high-throughput computing, computer science/engineering education
• Expansion, improvement, and evaluation of open-source distributed computing software.
• Applications of distributed computing for "big science" (e.g. biometrics, data mining, bioinformatics)
• Software and best practices for computer science education and study, especially Princeton's 126/217/226 sequence or MOOCs development
• Sports analytics and/or crowd-sourced computing

Radhika Nagpal, F316 Engineering Quadrangle

• Research areas: control, robotics and dynamical systems

Karthik Narasimhan, Room 422

• Research areas: Natural Language Processing, Reinforcement Learning
• Autonomous agents for text-based games ( https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/project/textworld/ )
• Transfer learning/generalization in NLP
• Techniques for generating natural language
• Model-based reinforcement learning

Arvind Narayanan, 308 Sherrerd Hall 

Research Areas: fair machine learning (and AI ethics more broadly), the social impact of algorithmic systems, tech policy

Pedro Paredes, Corwin Hall, Room 041

My primary research work is in Theoretical Computer Science.

 * Research Interest: Spectral Graph theory, Pseudorandomness, Complexity theory, Coding Theory, Quantum Information Theory, Combinatorics.

The IW projects I am interested in advising can be divided into three categories:

 1. Theoretical research

I am open to advise work on research projects in any topic in one of my research areas of interest. A project could also be based on writing a survey given results from a few papers. Students should have a solid background in math (e.g., elementary combinatorics, graph theory, discrete probability, basic algebra/calculus) and theoretical computer science (226 and 240 material, like big-O/Omega/Theta, basic complexity theory, basic fundamental algorithms). Mathematical maturity is a must.

A (non exhaustive) list of topics of projects I'm interested in:   * Explicit constructions of better vertex expanders and/or unique neighbor expanders.   * Construction deterministic or random high dimensional expanders.   * Pseudorandom generators for different problems.   * Topics around the quantum PCP conjecture.   * Topics around quantum error correcting codes and locally testable codes, including constructions, encoding and decoding algorithms.

 2. Theory informed practical implementations of algorithms   Very often the great advances in theoretical research are either not tested in practice or not even feasible to be implemented in practice. Thus, I am interested in any project that consists in trying to make theoretical ideas applicable in practice. This includes coming up with new algorithms that trade some theoretical guarantees for feasible implementation yet trying to retain the soul of the original idea; implementing new algorithms in a suitable programming language; and empirically testing practical implementations and comparing them with benchmarks / theoretical expectations. A project in this area doesn't have to be in my main areas of research, any theoretical result could be suitable for such a project.

Some examples of areas of interest:   * Streaming algorithms.   * Numeric linear algebra.   * Property testing.   * Parallel / Distributed algorithms.   * Online algorithms.    3. Machine learning with a theoretical foundation

I am interested in projects in machine learning that have some mathematical/theoretical, even if most of the project is applied. This includes topics like mathematical optimization, statistical learning, fairness and privacy.

One particular area I have been recently interested in is in the area of rating systems (e.g., Chess elo) and applications of this to experts problems.

Final Note: I am also willing to advise any project with any mathematical/theoretical component, even if it's not the main one; please reach out via email to chat about project ideas.

Iasonas Petras, Corwin Hall, Room 033

• Research Areas: Information Based Complexity, Numerical Analysis, Quantum Computation.
• Prerequisites: Reasonable mathematical maturity. In case of a project related to Quantum Computation a certain familiarity with quantum mechanics is required (related courses: ELE 396/PHY 208).
• Possible research topics include:

1.   Quantum algorithms and circuits:

• i. Design or simulation quantum circuits implementing quantum algorithms.
• ii. Design of quantum algorithms solving/approximating continuous problems (such as Eigenvalue problems for Partial Differential Equations).

2.   Information Based Complexity:

• i. Necessary and sufficient conditions for tractability of Linear and Linear Tensor Product Problems in various settings (for example worst case or average case). 
• ii. Necessary and sufficient conditions for tractability of Linear and Linear Tensor Product Problems under new tractability and error criteria.
• iii. Necessary and sufficient conditions for tractability of Weighted problems.
• iv. Necessary and sufficient conditions for tractability of Weighted Problems under new tractability and error criteria.

3. Topics in Scientific Computation:

• i. Randomness, Pseudorandomness, MC and QMC methods and their applications (Finance, etc)

Yuri Pritykin, 245 Carl Icahn Lab

• Research interests: Computational biology; Cancer immunology; Regulation of gene expression; Functional genomics; Single-cell technologies.
• Potential research projects: Development, implementation, assessment and/or application of algorithms for analysis, integration, interpretation and visualization of multi-dimensional data in molecular biology, particularly single-cell and spatial genomics data.

Benjamin Raphael, Room 309  

• Research interests: Computational biology and bioinformatics; Cancer genomics; Algorithms and machine learning approaches for analysis of large-scale datasets
• Implementation and application of algorithms to infer evolutionary processes in cancer
• Identifying correlations between combinations of genomic mutations in human and cancer genomes
• Design and implementation of algorithms for genome sequencing from new DNA sequencing technologies
• Graph clustering and network anomaly detection, particularly using diffusion processes and methods from spectral graph theory

Vikram Ramaswamy, 035 Corwin Hall

• Research areas: Interpretability of AI systems, Fairness in AI systems, Computer vision.
• Constructing a new method to explain a model / create an interpretable by design model
• Analyzing a current model / dataset to understand bias within the model/dataset
• Proposing new fairness evaluations
• Proposing new methods to train to improve fairness
• Developing synthetic datasets for fairness / interpretability benchmarks
• Understanding robustness of models

Ran Raz, Room 240

• Research Area: Computational Complexity
• Independent Research Topics: Computational Complexity, Information Theory, Quantum Computation, Theoretical Computer Science

Szymon Rusinkiewicz, Room 406

• Research Areas: computer graphics; computer vision; 3D scanning; 3D printing; robotics; documentation and visualization of cultural heritage artifacts
• Research ways of incorporating rotation invariance into computer visiontasks such as feature matching and classification
• Investigate approaches to robust 3D scan matching
• Model and compensate for imperfections in 3D printing
• Given a collection of small mobile robots, apply control policies learned in simulation to the real robots.

Olga Russakovsky, Room 408

• Research Areas: computer vision, machine learning, deep learning, crowdsourcing, fairness&bias in AI
• Design a semantic segmentation deep learning model that can operate in a zero-shot setting (i.e., recognize and segment objects not seen during training)
• Develop a deep learning classifier that is impervious to protected attributes (such as gender or race) that may be erroneously correlated with target classes
• Build a computer vision system for the novel task of inferring what object (or part of an object) a human is referring to when pointing to a single pixel in the image. This includes both collecting an appropriate dataset using crowdsourcing on Amazon Mechanical Turk, creating a new deep learning formulation for this task, and running extensive analysis of both the data and the model

Sebastian Seung, Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Room 153

• Research Areas: computational neuroscience, connectomics, "deep learning" neural networks, social computing, crowdsourcing, citizen science
• Gamification of neuroscience (EyeWire  2.0)
• Semantic segmentation and object detection in brain images from microscopy
• Computational analysis of brain structure and function
• Neural network theories of brain function

Jaswinder Pal Singh, Room 324

• Research Areas: Boundary of technology and business/applications; building and scaling technology companies with special focus at that boundary; parallel computing systems and applications: parallel and distributed applications and their implications for software and architectural design; system software and programming environments for multiprocessors.
• Develop a startup company idea, and build a plan/prototype for it.
• Explore tradeoffs at the boundary of technology/product and business/applications in a chosen area.
• Study and develop methods to infer insights from data in different application areas, from science to search to finance to others. 
• Design and implement a parallel application. Possible areas include graphics, compression, biology, among many others. Analyze performance bottlenecks using existing tools, and compare programming models/languages.
• Design and implement a scalable distributed algorithm.

Mona Singh, Room 420

• Research Areas: computational molecular biology, as well as its interface with machine learning and algorithms.
• Whole and cross-genome methods for predicting protein function and protein-protein interactions.
• Analysis and prediction of biological networks.
• Computational methods for inferring specific aspects of protein structure from protein sequence data.
• Any other interesting project in computational molecular biology.

Robert Tarjan, 194 Nassau St., Room 308

• Research Areas: Data structures; graph algorithms; combinatorial optimization; computational complexity; computational geometry; parallel algorithms.
• Implement one or more data structures or combinatorial algorithms to provide insight into their empirical behavior.
• Design and/or analyze various data structures and combinatorial algorithms.

Olga Troyanskaya, Room 320

• Research Areas: Bioinformatics; analysis of large-scale biological data sets (genomics, gene expression, proteomics, biological networks); algorithms for integration of data from multiple data sources; visualization of biological data; machine learning methods in bioinformatics.
• Implement and evaluate one or more gene expression analysis algorithm.
• Develop algorithms for assessment of performance of genomic analysis methods.
• Develop, implement, and evaluate visualization tools for heterogeneous biological data.

David Walker, Room 211

• Research Areas: Programming languages, type systems, compilers, domain-specific languages, software-defined networking and security
• Independent Research Topics:  Any other interesting project that involves humanitarian hacking, functional programming, domain-specific programming languages, type systems, compilers, software-defined networking, fault tolerance, language-based security, theorem proving, logic or logical frameworks.

Shengyi Wang, Postdoctoral Research Associate, Room 216

Available for Fall 2024 single-semester IW, only

• Independent Research topics: Explore Escher-style tilings using (introductory) group theory and automata theory to produce beautiful pictures.

Kevin Wayne, Corwin Hall, Room 040

• Research Areas: design, analysis, and implementation of algorithms; data structures; combinatorial optimization; graphs and networks.
• Design and implement computer visualizations of algorithms or data structures.
• Develop pedagogical tools or programming assignments for the computer science curriculum at Princeton and beyond.
• Develop assessment infrastructure and assessments for MOOCs.

Matt Weinberg, 194 Nassau St., Room 222

• Research Areas: algorithms, algorithmic game theory, mechanism design, game theoretical problems in {Bitcoin, networking, healthcare}.
• Theoretical questions related to COS 445 topics such as matching theory, voting theory, auction design, etc. 
• Theoretical questions related to incentives in applications like Bitcoin, the Internet, health care, etc. In a little bit more detail: protocols for these systems are often designed assuming that users will follow them. But often, users will actually be strictly happier to deviate from the intended protocol. How should we reason about user behavior in these protocols? How should we design protocols in these settings?

Huacheng Yu, Room 310

• data structures
• streaming algorithms
• design and analyze data structures / streaming algorithms
• prove impossibility results (lower bounds)
• implement and evaluate data structures / streaming algorithms

Ellen Zhong, Room 314

Opportunities outside the department.

We encourage students to look in to doing interdisciplinary computer science research and to work with professors in departments other than computer science.  However, every CS independent work project must have a strong computer science element (even if it has other scientific or artistic elements as well.)  To do a project with an adviser outside of computer science you must have permission of the department.  This can be accomplished by having a second co-adviser within the computer science department or by contacting the independent work supervisor about the project and having he or she sign the independent work proposal form.

Here is a list of professors outside the computer science department who are eager to work with computer science undergraduates.

Maria Apostolaki, Engineering Quadrangle, C330

• Research areas: Computing & Networking, Data & Information Science, Security & Privacy

Branko Glisic, Engineering Quadrangle, Room E330

• Documentation of historic structures
• Cyber physical systems for structural health monitoring
• Developing virtual and augmented reality applications for documenting structures
• Applying machine learning techniques to generate 3D models from 2D plans of buildings
•  Contact : Rebecca Napolitano, rkn2 (@princeton.edu)

Mihir Kshirsagar, Sherrerd Hall, Room 315

Center for Information Technology Policy.

• Consumer protection
• Content regulation
• Competition law
• Economic development
• Surveillance and discrimination

Sharad Malik, Engineering Quadrangle, Room B224

Select a Senior Thesis Adviser for the 2020-21 Academic Year.

• Design of reliable hardware systems
• Verifying complex software and hardware systems

Prateek Mittal, Engineering Quadrangle, Room B236

• Internet security and privacy 
• Social Networks
• Privacy technologies, anonymous communication
• Network Science
• Internet security and privacy: The insecurity of Internet protocols and services threatens the safety of our critical network infrastructure and billions of end users. How can we defend end users as well as our critical network infrastructure from attacks?
• Trustworthy social systems: Online social networks (OSNs) such as Facebook, Google+, and Twitter have revolutionized the way our society communicates. How can we leverage social connections between users to design the next generation of communication systems?
• Privacy Technologies: Privacy on the Internet is eroding rapidly, with businesses and governments mining sensitive user information. How can we protect the privacy of our online communications? The Tor project (https://www.torproject.org/) is a potential application of interest.

Ken Norman,  Psychology Dept, PNI 137

• Research Areas: Memory, the brain and computation 
• Lab:  Princeton Computational Memory Lab

Potential research topics

• Methods for decoding cognitive state information from neuroimaging data (fMRI and EEG) 
• Neural network simulations of learning and memory

Caroline Savage

Office of Sustainability, Phone:(609)258-7513, Email: cs35 (@princeton.edu)

The  Campus as Lab  program supports students using the Princeton campus as a living laboratory to solve sustainability challenges. The Office of Sustainability has created a list of campus as lab research questions, filterable by discipline and topic, on its  website .

An example from Computer Science could include using  TigerEnergy , a platform which provides real-time data on campus energy generation and consumption, to study one of the many energy systems or buildings on campus. Three CS students used TigerEnergy to create a  live energy heatmap of campus .

Other potential projects include:

• Apply game theory to sustainability challenges
• Develop a tool to help visualize interactions between complex campus systems, e.g. energy and water use, transportation and storm water runoff, purchasing and waste, etc.
• How can we learn (in aggregate) about individuals’ waste, energy, transportation, and other behaviors without impinging on privacy?

Janet Vertesi, Sociology Dept, Wallace Hall, Room 122

• Research areas: Sociology of technology; Human-computer interaction; Ubiquitous computing.
• Possible projects: At the intersection of computer science and social science, my students have built mixed reality games, produced artistic and interactive installations, and studied mixed human-robot teams, among other projects.

David Wentzlaff, Engineering Quadrangle, Room 228

Computing, Operating Systems, Sustainable Computing.

• Instrument Princeton's Green (HPCRC) data center
• Investigate power utilization on an processor core implemented in an FPGA
• Dismantle and document all of the components in modern electronics. Invent new ways to build computers that can be recycled easier.
• Other topics in parallel computer architecture or operating systems

Thesis Topics

This list includes topics for potential bachelor or master theses, guided research, projects, seminars, and other activities. Search with Ctrl+F for desired keywords, e.g. ‘machine learning’ or others.

PLEASE NOTE: If you are interested in any of these topics, click the respective supervisor link to send a message with a simple CV, grade sheet, and topic ideas (if any). We will answer shortly.

Of course, your own ideas are always welcome!

Spatial Explicit Machine Learning

Type of work:.

• Guided Research
• Earth Observation
• Machine Learning
• Remote Sensing
• Spatial Awareness Modeling
• Spatial Transferability

Description:

Machine learning models designed and trained to work on a specific regions are not necessarily transferable to other spatially different region. Include a spatially explicit component is mandatory to differentiates behaviors and predictions according to spatial locations. However, it is no clear what is the best way to use this spatial information or which kind of models work best for spatial transferability. In this topic, global remote sensing data will be used for supervised learning in different Earth observation applications.

Feel free to reach out if you have any question or ideas regarding the topic.

Image Super-Resolution in both ways

• auto-encoder
• deep learning
• single image super-resolution

The goal of this project is to develop and evaluate a novel dual-decoder architecture for image super-resolution (SR) [1]. This architecture will utilize a single encoder to extract features from an input image, followed by two decoders: one trained to map the features to a low-resolution (LR) output, and the other to map the features to a high-resolution (HR) output. This approach aims to enhance the SR performance by leveraging the complementary learning objectives of both decoders. The goal of the work is to try different architectures and to analyze different loss formulations as well as the feature space learned by the encoder.

• [1] Hitchhiker’s Guide to Super-Resolution: Introduction and Recent Advances

Applying TaylorShift to Transfomer-based Image Super-Resolution Models

• vision transformer

The aim of this project is to integrate the TaylorShift [1] attention mechanism into the SwinIR model to enhance the efficiency and performance of image super-resolution (SR) [2]. By leveraging the linear complexity of TaylorShift, we intend to improve the processing speed and reduce the memory footprint of SwinIR without compromising its high accuracy in generating high-resolution images from low-resolution inputs. Image super-resolution is a crucial task in computer vision that aims to enhance the resolution of images, making them clearer and more detailed. SwinIR (Swin Transformer for Image Restoration) has shown state-of-the-art performance in various image restoration tasks, including super-resolution. However, the quadratic complexity of its attention mechanism can be a bottleneck, especially for high-resolution images. TaylorShift, a novel reformulation of the Taylor softmax function, addresses this issue by reducing the complexity of the attention mechanism from quadratic to linear. This enables efficient processing of long sequences and high-resolution images while maintaining the ability to capture intricate token-to-token interactions.

• [1] TaylorShift: Shifting the Complexity of Self-Attention from Squared to Linear (and Back) using Taylor-Softmax
• [2] Hitchhiker’s Guide to Super-Resolution: Introduction and Recent Advances

Machine Learning-based Surrogate Models for Accelerated Flow Simulations

• Microstructure Property Prediction
• Surrogate Modeling

Surrogate modeling involves creating a simplified and computationally efficient machine learning model that approximates the behavior of a complex system, enabling faster predictions and analysis. For complex systems such as fluids, their behavior is governed by partial differential equations. By solving these PDEs, one can predict how a fluid behaves in a specific environment and conditions. The computational time and resources needed to solve a PDE system depend on the size of the fluid domain and the complexity of the PDE. In practical applications where multiple environments and conditions are to be studied, it becomes very expensive to generate many solutions to such PDEs. Here, modern machine learning or deep learning-based surrogate models which offer fast inference times in the online phase are of interest.

In this work, the focus will be on developing surrogate models to replace the flow simulations in fiber-reinforced composite materials governed by the Navier-Stokes equation. Using a conventional PDE solver, a dataset of reference solutions was generated for supervised learning. In this thesis, your tasks will include the conceptualization and implementation of different ML architectures suited for this task, training and evaluation of the models on the available dataset. You will start with simple fully connected architectures and later extend it to 3D convolutional architectures. Also of interest is the infusion of the available domain knowledge into the ML models, known as physics-informed machine learning.

By applying ML to fluid applications, you will learn to acquire the right amount of domain specific knowledge and analyze your results together with domain experts from the field.

If you are interested, please send me an email with your Curriculum Vitae (CV), your Transcript of records and a short statement about your background in related topics.

References:

• Santos, J.E., Xu, D., Jo, H., Landry, C.J., Prodanović, M., Pyrcz, M.J., 2020. PoreFlow-Net: A 3D convolutional neural network to predict fluid flow through porous media. Advances in Water Resources 138, 103539. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2020.103539
• Kashefi, A., Mukerji, T., 2021. Point-cloud deep learning of porous media for permeability prediction. Physics of Fluids 33, 097109. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0063904

Sherlock Holmes goes AI - Generative comics art of detective scenes and identikits

• Bias in image generation models
• Deep Learning Frameworks
• Frontend visualization
• Speech-To-Text, Text-to-Image Models
• Transformers, Diffusion Models, Hugging Face

Sherlock Holmes is taking the statement of the witness. The witness is describing the appearance of the perpetrator and the forensic setting they still remember. Your task as the AI investigator will be to generate a comic sketch of the scene and phantom images of the accused person based on the spoken statement of the witness. For this you will use state-of-the-art transformers and visualize the output in an application. As AI investigator you will detect, qualify and quantify bias in the images which are produced by different generation models you have chosen.

This work is embedded in the DFKI KI4Pol lab together with the law enforcement agencies. The stories are fictional you will not work on true crime.

Requirements:

• German level B1/2 or equivalent
• Outstanding academic achievements
• Motivational cover letter

Knowledge Graphs für das Immobilienmanagement

• corporate memory
• knowledge graph

Das Management von Immobilien ist komplex und umfasst verschiedenste Informationsquellen und -objekte zur Durchführung der Prozesse. Ein Corporate Memory kann hier unterstützen in der Analyse und Abbildung des Informationsraums um Wissensdienste zu ermöglichen. Aufgabe ist es, eine Ontologie für das Immobilienmanagement zu entwerfen und beispielhaft ein Szenario zu entwickeln. Für die Materialien und Anwendungspartner sind gute Deutschkenntnisse erforderlich.

Fault and Efficiency Prediction in High Performance Computing

• Master Thesis
• event data modelling
• survival modelling
• time series

High use of resources are thought to be an indirect cause of failures in large cluster systems, but little work has systematically investigated the role of high resource usage on system failures, largely due to the lack of a comprehensive resource monitoring tool which resolves resource use by job and node. This project studies log data of the DFKI Kaiserslautern high performance cluster to consider the predictability of adverse events (node failure, GPU freeze), energy usage and identify the most relevant data within. The second supervisor for this work is Joachim Folz.

Data is available via Prometheus -compatible system:

• Node exporter
• DCGM exporter
• Slurm exporter
• Linking Resource Usage Anomalies with System Failures from Cluster Log Data
• Deep Survival Models

Feel free to reach out if the topic sounds interesting or if you have ideas related to this work. We can then brainstorm a specific research question together. Link to my personal website.

Construction & Application of Enterprise Knowledge Graphs in the E-Invoicing Domain

• Guided Research Project
• knowledge graphs
• knowledge services
• linked data
• semantic web

In recent years knowledge graphs received a lot of attention as well in industry as in science. Knowledge graphs consist of entities and relationships between them and allow integrating new knowledge arbitrarily. Famous instances in industry are knowledge graphs by Microsoft, Google, Facebook or IBM. But beyond these ones, knowledge graphs are also adopted in more domain specific scenarios such as in e-Procurement, e-Invoicing and purchase-to-pay processes. The objective in theses and projects is to explore particular aspects of constructing and/or applying knowledge graphs in the domain of purchase-to-pay processes and e-Invoicing.

Anomaly detection in time-series

• explainability

Working on deep neural networks for making the time-series anomaly detection process more robust. An important aspect of this process is explainability of the decision taken by a network.

Time Series Forecasting Using transformer Networks

• time series forecasting
• transformer networks

Transformer networks have emerged as competent architecture for modeling sequences. This research will primarily focus on using transformer networks for forecasting time series (multivariate/ univariate) and may also involve fusing knowledge into the machine learning architecture.

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Writing a Thesis

Finding a thesis topic.

Students who are interested in writing a bachelor’s or master’s thesis should begin thinking about possible topics (cf. hot topics for thesis projects on this page ) or propose their own (cf. introduction to IML ). Good research questions often have their origins in scientific papers around the research topics of the IML lab. Be on the look out for new data sources that might help provide new insights into a special IML research topic.

Your Advisor and Your Committee

In order to write a bachelor’s or master’s thesis you must find an member of the IML lab who is willing to be your thesis advisor. You propose your thesis topic together with your advisor to Prof. Sonntag as the first reviewer in your committee. 

How Long Should it Be? How Long Does it Take?

A bachelor’s thesis is generally 30-60 pages, not including the bibliography. A master’s thesis is generally 60-80 pages, not including the bibliography. However, the length will vary according to the topic and the method of analysis, so the appropriate length will be determined by you, your advisor, and your committee.  Students who write a master’s thesis generally do so over two semesters, bachelor’s one semester.

Procedure and Formal Requirements

• You are a student at Oldenburg University, follow these instructions .
• You are a student at Saarland University, follow these instructions .

You must maintain continuous enrollment Oldenburg University or at Saarland University while working on the bachelor’s or master’s thesis. If you are planning to conduct interviews, surveys or do other research involving human subjects, you must obtain prior approval from DFKI.

Here you can find some theses examples .

Here you can find project group examples .

Hot Topics for Thesis Projects

You will implement novel modern approaches in computer vision such as Transfer Learning, Graph Neural Network, or Semi-Supervised Learning to solve important medical decision problems like Breast cancer detection, Chest-(X-Ray/CT) abnormalities diagnosis, or related medical domains. The target is to achieve state-of-the-art performance and the proposed method could be explainable to end users to improve the system’s reliability.

Nguyen, Duy MH, et al. “An Attention Mechanism using Multiple Knowledge Sources for COVID-19 Detection from CT Images.”,  AAAI 2021, Workshop: Trustworthy AI for Healthcare. 

Soberanis-Mukul, Roger D., Nassir Navab, and Shadi Albarqouni. “An Uncertainty-Driven GCN Refinement Strategy for Organ Segmentation.” arXiv preprint arXiv:2012.03352 (2020).

Contact: Duy Nguyen

In this topic, we will investigate important theoretical machine learning problems that have high impacts on several medical applications. It includes but is not limited to optimization formulation to incorporate efficient user’s feedback to boost the performance of trained models besides available training data (active learning), investigate benefits of transfer learning strategies when dealing with scarce data issues in medical problems, or training algorithms to adapt with highly imbalanced data distribution.

Wilder, Bryan, Eric Horvitz, and Ece Kamar. “Learning to complement humans.” arXiv preprint arXiv:2005.00582 (2020).

De, Abir, et al. “Classification Under Human Assistance.” AAAI (2021).

Yao, Huaxiu, et al. “Hierarchically structured meta-learning.” International Conference on Machine Learning. PMLR, 2019.

Requirements: Programming in Python, ideally experience with processing video and audio data

Project description: The aim is to create an annotated dataset of human-to-human dialogue in Youtube cooking videos*, that can serve as a resource for training ML models to generate conversational explanations of the cooking process. This involves the identification of videos with multiple speakers, speaker diarization (partitioning audio and/or transcript according to speaker identity), identification of conversational interaction between the speakers, and investigating if these interactions qualify as ‘conversational explanations’ of the video content

Contact: Mareike Hartmann

Relevant literature:

Speaker diarization: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2101.09624.pdf Potential videos: http://youcook2.eecs.umich.edu/explore Background on ‘conversational explanations’ from an XAI perspective: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1706.07269.pdf (Sec. 5) Note that in this project, we focus on ‘explaining’ the video content rather than model predictions.

*We focus on the process of cooking as there is some related ongoing work at DFKI, but other instructional scenarios are possible.

Requirements: Programming in Python, Pytorch, basic understanding of Deep Learning, ideally some project work on DL / CV / NLP

Project description: The student will experiment with Image Captioning, more specifically testing existing architectures on different datasets. Then, an error analysis can be conducted, in order to find out how the system can be improved.

Contact: Aliki Anagnostopoulou

• Show, Attend and Tell: Neural Image Caption Generation with Visual Attention
• From Show to Tell: A Survey on Deep Learning-based Image Captioning

Requirements: Programming in Python, Pytorch (or Tensorflow)

Project description: The aim of the project is to investigate how explainable NMT methods are. For example, attention weights from the Transformer architecture can be used as alignments, however it is not straight-forward which weights can be used.

• Jointly Learning to Align and Translate with Transformer Models
• Accurate Word Alignment Induction from Neural Machine Translation

Project description: The aim of the project is to investigate active learning strategies applied to relation extraction from clinical documents when using deep learning models.

Contact: Siting Liang

• BiOnt: Deep Learning using Multiple Biomedical Ontologies for Relation Extraction
• Crowdsourcing Ground Truth for Medical Relation Extraction
• Active Learning for Interactive Relation Extraction in a French Newspaper’s Articles

A central finding of preliminary research reveals that different neural network architectures, when trained on the same data distribution, generate diverse attribution maps for local explanations, supporting the assertion that attribution maps are model-dependent [2]. However, it is also understood that these attribution maps, despite their varying origins, can embody certain common characteristics [1].

Given this premise, the proposition for future research is to delve into the development of a novel algorithm that seeks to create attribution maps universally accepted by all models. These models, despite possessing diverse architectures, are based on the same data distribution. This line of enquiry will pave the way towards generating explanations that are devoid of model-dependency or model-bias, thereby privileging model-invariance.

This research aims to bridge the gap between differing neural network architectures, fostering improved communication, data interpretation, and usability. Ultimately, advancements in this field have the potential to significantly propel the evolution of explainable Artificial Intelligence (AI).

Contact: Md Abdul Kadir

[1] Kadir, M. A., Addluri, G. K., & Sonntag, D. (2023). Harmonizing Feature Attributions Across Deep Learning Architectures: Enhancing Interpretability and Consistency.  arXiv preprint arXiv:2307.02150 .

[2] Gupta, A., Saunshi, N., Yu, D., Lyu, K., & Arora, S. (2022). New Definitions and Evaluations for Saliency Methods: Staying Intrinsic, Complete and Sound.  Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems ,  35 , 33120-33133.

Colposcopy, a vital method for the diagnosis of cervical pathology, hinges primarily on the visual cues to detect abnormalities and designate regions for biopsies. The conventional method often includes the use of Acetic acid (5%) for highlighting the cells’ nucleus and hence revealing abnormal or pre-cancerous cells, while green filters aid in visualizing blood vessels supplying these regions. However, vast variations in individual practitioner’s experience and expertise may lead to ununiformed assessments.

This research proposal aims to bridge this gap introducing deep learning algorithms, which have shown unprecedented success in image recognition and classification tasks, into colposcopic examinations [1]. The utilization of these machine learning methodologies could allow automatic detection of cancerous or precancerous regions in colposcopic images or videos, automating and standardizing the evaluation process while offering real-time feedback and suggestions during the examination.

[1] Chandran V, Sumithra MG, Karthick A, George T, Deivakani M, Elakkiya B, Subramaniam U, Manoharan S. Diagnosis of Cervical Cancer based on Ensemble Deep Learning Network using Colposcopy Images. Biomed Res Int. 2021 May 4;2021:5584004. doi: 10.1155/2021/5584004. PMID: 33997017; PMCID: PMC8112909.

• DOI: 10.3991/IJAI.V1I1.11065
• Corpus ID: 201127331

Bachelor Thesis Analytics: Using Machine Learning to Predict Dropout and Identify Performance Factors

• Jalal Nouri , K. Larsson , Mohammed Saqr
• Published in Int. J. Learn. Anal. Artif… 26 July 2019
• Computer Science, Education
• Int. J. Learn. Anal. Artif. Intell. Educ.

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Can you suggest a topic for a Bachelor Thesis in Mathematics that is related to Machine Learning? [closed]

I am a final year Bachelor of Mathematics student and next semester I will write my Bachelor thesis. My interests are in Machine Learning (ML) and I will do a master in ML next year. More specific sub-fields I like are

• Deep Learning
• Computer Vision
• Natural Language Processing
• Reinforcement Learning

And my interests outside of ML and mathematics include

• Self-driving cars ( e.g. Tesla)
• Rocket and space exploration

more vaguely, I find tech interesting as a whole.

I am looking for a thesis which would bring me as close as possible to the field of ML. Do you have topic recommendations ?

BUT my Bachelor is in Mathematics therefore I shall not write a thesis in Computer Science as it would not be accepted by my study director.

Some thoughts

I know some people who were in my case. One of them for instance discovered and proved some convergence results in the context of Gradient Descent. Maybe this will inspire you with your answers.

Thanks in advance!

PS: This is a duplicate of my original question on the Math Stack Exchange but I thought that people on the Computer Science Stack Exchange could bring a different point of view.

• machine-learning
• artificial-intelligence

• 1 $\begingroup$ Sorry, StackExchange is not the site for this sort of question. I'm surprised you got an answer at math.SE. This question has two issues: 1. it's too localized based on your interests, it's unlikely to be useful to others, but more importantly 2. it's primarily opinion based, there is no right or wrong answer. $\endgroup$ –  orlp Commented Dec 30, 2020 at 15:35
• $\begingroup$ Thank you for your opinion. For 1), I think these interests are likely to also apply to other people looking for ideas for a thesis. For 2), I am looking for ideas so even though there is no right or wrong answer, an answer will be right if it helps me finding a thesis in the end. $\endgroup$ –  Joris Limonier Commented Dec 30, 2020 at 15:58
• 1 $\begingroup$ Cross-posted: cs.stackexchange.com/q/133808/755 , math.stackexchange.com/q/3966709/14578 , datascience.stackexchange.com/q/87335/8560 . Please do not post the same question on multiple sites . $\endgroup$ –  D.W. ♦ Commented Dec 31, 2020 at 7:54
• $\begingroup$ Welcome to Computer Science ! Unfortunately, your question is not a good fit for the Stack Exchange format. We prefer questions that have objectively correct answers that will be useful both to the asker and others who have the same question in the future. What is or is not a suitable topic for study, projects or research is very much a matter of opinion and depends crucially on the interests and skills of the person who will be doing the work and the support that will be available to them. This is a question that you should be asking your professors. $\endgroup$ –  D.W. ♦ Commented Dec 31, 2020 at 7:54

I would like to make two points clear as a researcher:

Mathematics is a very broad discipline. When you're on bachelor level it is still appropriate to call it "Mathematics" but already in Masters, you'll need to specialize! Youll have to choose a branch and then you won't be "a mathematician" you'll be Statistician, a topologist, graph theorist, category theorist etc. This being said you need to ask yourself which branch you're most interested in? This leads to the next point:

The fact that you're interested in Machine Learning already narrows it down to Probability & Statistics, Linear Algebra, Multivariate Calculus. And here I would say that any topic that falls within these categories will help you later along the road.

Bachelor Thesis is a piece of scientific work that's why it is called "Bachelor". You are supposed to do research and produce new knowledge regardless of how small or significant it will be. This forum cant do it for you.

Pick something YOU are interested in from Probability & Statistics, Linear Algebra or Multivariate Calculus and explore the topic. Once you start you'll inevitably get questions that need addressing. If you get stuck pick a classic problem (for example Knight's tour ) and systematically break it down.

• $\begingroup$ Thank you, that is some useful piece of advice, which I will follow. $\endgroup$ –  Joris Limonier Commented Dec 31, 2020 at 16:17

Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged machine-learning artificial-intelligence education or ask your own question .

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Bachelor and Master Thesis Opportunities

Finding a supervisor.

Our group supervises as many students as possible, but we often do not have the capacity to supervise all interested students.

Preliminaries

Prerequisites for thesis candidates.

Applicants must have significant experience in machine learning, e.g., as acquired through courses offered by our group (passed with a grade of “good” or better) or an equivalent qualification. This often includes a deep conceptual understanding of machine learning and significant programming experience. The necessary skills vary depending on the thesis topic, e.g., purely theoretical theses require more mathematical than programming skills. Candidates must possess the necessary abilities before applying. Cooperation with an external party (like a company or research institute) is usually only possible when the collaborating party does not significantly reduce scientific autonomy (e.g., regarding data access, topic selection, and thesis trajectory).

Application form

Interested students can contact us with the thesis application form as a PDF, a curriculum vitae or resume, and a cover letter. Please provide evidence of relevant skills. Degree theses are often connected to ongoing research in our group. However, it is also possible for students to suggest their own topics/ideas.

Application channels

1. contacting researchers directly.

Candidates can apply to potential supervisors directly using the standardized form above. In your email, please detail your reasons for reaching out to the particular individual.

How to find suitable researchers:

• Filter researchers by interests using this platform .
• Browse our team overview and research profile .
• Contact the researchers from the section “Thesis supervision offerings” below.

Students may send a follow-up email if a researcher does not respond, as messages can sometimes be overlooked amidst numerous emails. Please wait at least two weeks before writing such a follow-up mail.

2. Applying via a mailing list

In addition to targeted applications via channel (1), candidates can send their application to thesis(∂)ml.tu-berlin.de using the standardized form above. This distribution list reaches most researchers in our group. Responses will be provided only if your application aligns well with the needs of at least one researcher in our group.

3. Contacting the Thesis Coordination Team

If previous application attempts via the outlined channels are unsuccessful, and you meet the necessary thesis candidate prerequisites, you are encouraged to contact the Thesis Domain Coordinators. Please include a brief summary of your prior application attempts in your communication.

Thesis Domain Coordinators:

• Quantum Chemistry / ML for Physical Sciences: Stefan Chmiela
• Explainable AI: Grégoire Montavon
• Probabilistic ML: Shinichi Nakajima
• Biomedical Sensing and Neurotechnology: Alexander von Lühmann
• Kernel Methods: Andreas Ziehe
• Computational Neuroscience: Mina Jamshidi Idaji
• Digital Pathology: Julius Hense
• Multimodal Learning: Jannik Wolff
• Anomaly Detection: Alexander Bauer
• NLP and Digital Humanities: Oliver Eberle
• Graph Neural Networks: Thomas Schnake

For topics not covered by the above domains, or for general inquiries and feedback regarding the application process, please direct your correspondence to thesis.coordination(∂)ml.tu-berlin.de. If students do not receive a reply from the Thesis Domain Coordinators or the mailing list, they may send a follow-up email after a waiting period of at least two weeks.

Thesis supervision offerings

Please be aware that we often keep the titles of available theses confidential, as they frequently pertain to our current, yet-to-be-published research. Group members can access our internal database .

High-level overview of inquiring researchers

Publicly advertised thesis topics

Next steps after having found a supervisor

General information (link)

After having found a supervisor, students prepare a thesis proposal that includes

• the research question and its context/motivation,
• related work,
• preliminary methodological and/or experimental results,
• and formalities such as the number of ECTS credits and the writing time specified in the student’s examination regulations.

The supervisor can help the student with writing the proposal. Students may register their thesis with the examination office once Prof. Müller or an authorized senior researcher approves the proposal. We encourage students not to underestimate the time required for writing the proposal. Furthermore, consider that we may require some time to review the proposal. Therefore, it is helpful to apply to our group early.

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Department of Informatics Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Group

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This page lists several ideas for Bachelor's and Master's theses. Most of the thesis proposals are based on recent research, exploring branches that most researchers overlook. Some Bachelor's theses proposals can be extended to Master's theses. While each page lists requirements, these are not strict requirements at the beginning of the thesis, but rather skills to acquire during the thesis. For more details, send me an email.  Prof. Dr. Manuel Günther

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• Open Theses
• Active Theses
• Past Theses

Topics for new Theses

Students are most welcome to develop their own topics, and we are happy to supervise them as long as the topic is anywhere close to our fields of expertise -- otherwise we are not able to provide fruitful input. General topics of interest to the AIML group include (but are not limited to):

• Face Recognition: the identification of a person based on an image or a video of their face
• Facial Attribut Classification: the classification of attributes (gender, hair color, face shape, ...) from facial images
• Open-Set Classification: teaching classifiers to discern objects of classes of no interest
• Adversarial Samples: generating small modifications of correctly classified samples that change the output of classifiers, or preventing these kinds of attacks
• Explainable AI: which parts of the inputs are of great importance to the decision of deep learning systems
• Traditional Features: How to make use of Gabor wavelets or other traditional image processing techniques in deep networks
• Medical Image Processing: Applying of the above methods to medical images; I only host topics provided by other insitutitions (ETH, USZ, Balgrist, Idiap, ...)

Topics that we generally do not supervise are in the area of Natural Language Processing, Social Media, Robotics or Reinforcement Learning since we have other experts on these topics ( Prof. Dr. Martin Volk , Prof. Dr. Anikó Hannák , Prof. Dr. Davide Scaramuzza , Prof. Dr. Giorgia Ramponi ) in our department . If you have a topic in mind and believe that we would be a good supervisor for, please send me an email.  Prof. Dr. Manuel Günther

Requirements and Submissions

It is a requirement to use LaTeX for writing the final thesis document. Students should use the AIML Thesis Template (ZIP, 314 KB) .

Generally, all theses need to be defended, including Master theses (mandatory by the Department rules ) and Bachelor theses. Usually, the defense will be scheduled about 3-5 weeks after the submission of the thesis. Deviating from the recommendations, the time for a Master thesis' defense presentation is 30 minutes followed by 15 minutes of questions, while a Bachelor thesis' defense should take 20-30 minutes of presentation and 10-15 minutes of questions.

Additionally, the source code for the thesis needs to be submitted, approximately at the time of the defense. The source code is typically written in Python and use the PyTorch library. It should be self-contained and make use only of public libraries and data (if possible). Source code needs to be documented. This allows fellow students to make use of previously implemented code.

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Currently Available Theses Topics

We offer these current topics directly for Bachelor and Master students at TU Darmstadt who can feel free to DIRECTLY contact the thesis advisor if you are interested in one of these topics. Excellent external students from another university may be accepted but are required to first email Jan Peters before contacting any other lab member for a thesis topic. Note that we cannot provide funding for any of these theses projects.

We highly recommend that you do either our robotics and machine learning lectures ( Robot Learning , Statistical Machine Learning ) or our colleagues ( Grundlagen der Robotik , Probabilistic Graphical Models and/or Deep Learning). Even more important to us is that you take both Robot Learning: Integrated Project, Part 1 (Literature Review and Simulation Studies) and Part 2 (Evaluation and Submission to a Conference) before doing a thesis with us.

In addition, we are usually happy to devise new topics on request to suit the abilities of excellent students. Please DIRECTLY contact the thesis advisor if you are interested in one of these topics. When you contact the advisor, it would be nice if you could mention (1) WHY you are interested in the topic (dreams, parts of the problem, etc), and (2) WHAT makes you special for the projects (e.g., class work, project experience, special programming or math skills, prior work, etc.). Supplementary materials (CV, grades, etc) are highly appreciated. Of course, such materials are not mandatory but they help the advisor to see whether the topic is too easy, just about right or too hard for you.

Only contact *ONE* potential advisor at the same time! If you contact a second one without first concluding discussions with the first advisor (i.e., decide for or against the thesis with her or him), we may not consider you at all. Only if you are super excited for at most two topics send an email to both supervisors, so that the supervisors are aware of the additional interest.

FOR FB16+FB18 STUDENTS: Students from other depts at TU Darmstadt (e.g., ME, EE, IST), you need an additional formal supervisor who officially issues the topic. Please do not try to arrange your home dept advisor by yourself but let the supervising IAS member get in touch with that person instead. Multiple professors from other depts have complained that they were asked to co-supervise before getting contacted by our advising lab member.

NEW THESES START HERE

Data-Driven Bimanual Robotic Grasping

Scope: Bachelor/Master thesis Advisor: Vignesh Prasad and Alap Kshirsagar Added: 2024-04-25 Start: ASAP Topic: Topic:

Grasping is one of the most fundamental and challenging tasks in the robotic manipulation of objects. Most of the prior work on robotic grasping has focused on grasping with a single gripper and several large-scale datasets have been developed in recent years to tackle the problem of single-arm grasping in 3D by utilizing deep-learning techniques [1,2]. But many tasks in industrial and domestic environments require bimanual grasps. Bimanual grasps are required for manipulation of large, deformable or fragile objects. This project seeks to develop a data-driven technique for bimanual robotic grasp generation from visual input. We will utilize a large-scale dataset of simulated bimanual grasps [3] to train a bimanual grasp pose generation model. The method will be evaluated in simulation as well as on a real robot.

Requirements

• Strong Python programming skills
• Knowledge in Machine Learning / Supervised Learning
• Experience with deep learning libraries is a plus

Interested students can apply by sending an e-mail to [email protected] and attaching the documents mentioned below:

• Curriculum Vitae
• Motivation letter explaining why you would like to work on this topic and why you are the perfect candidate

References [1] C. Eppner, A. Mousavian, and D. Fox, “ACRONYM: A Large-Scale Grasp Dataset Based on Simulation,” in Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, 2021, vol. 2021-May, pp. 6222–6227, doi: 10.1109/ICRA48506.2021.9560844. [2] A. Mousavian, C. Eppner, and Di. Fox, “6-DOF GraspNet: Variational grasp generation for object manipulation,” in Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, 2019, vol. 2019-Octob, pp. 2901–2910, doi: 10.1109/ICCV.2019.00299. [3] G. Zhai et al., “{DA2} Dataset: Toward Dexterity-Aware Dual-Arm Grasping,” IEEE Robot. Autom. Lett., vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 8941–8948, 2022.

Imitation Learning for High-Speed Robot Air Hockey

Scope: Master thesis Advisor: Puze Liu and Julen Urain De Jesus Start: ASAP Topic:

High-speed reactive motion is one of the fundamental capabilities of robots to achieve human-level behavior. Optimization-based methods suffer from real-time requirement when the problem is non-convex and contains constraints. Reinforcement learning requires extensive reward engineering to achieve the desired performance. Imitation learning, on the other hand, gathers human knowledge directly from data collection and enables robots to learn natural movements efficiently. In this paper, we explore how imitation learning can be performed in a complex robot Air Hockey Task. The robot needs to learn not only low-level skills, but also high-level tactics from human demonstrations.

• Good Knowledge in Robotics

References * Chi, Cheng, et al. "Diffusion policy: Visuomotor policy learning via action diffusion." arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.04137 (2023). * Liu, Puze, et al. "Robot reinforcement learning on the constraint manifold." Conference on Robot Learning. PMLR (2022). * Pan, Yunpeng, et al. "Imitation learning for agile autonomous driving." The International Journal of Robotics Research 39.2-3 (2020). Interested students can apply by sending an e-mail to [email protected] and attaching the required documents mentioned above.

Walk your network: investigating neural network’s location in Q-learning methods.

Scope: Master thesis Advisor: Theo Vincent and Boris Belousov Start: Flexible Topic:

Q-learning methods are at the heart of Reinforcement Learning. They have been shown to outperform humans on some complex tasks such as playing video games [1]. In robotics, where the action space is in most cases continuous, actor-critic methods are relying on Q-learning methods to learn the critic [2]. Although Q-learning methods have been extensively studied in the past, little focus has been placed on the way the online neural network is exploring the space of Q functions. Most approaches focus on crafting a loss that would make the agent learn better policies [3]. Here, we offer a thesis that focuses on the position of the online Q neural network in the space of Q functions. The student will first investigate this idea on simple problems before comparing the performance to strong baselines such as DQN or REM [1, 4] on Atari games. Depending on the result, the student might as well get into MuJoCo and compare the results with SAC [2]. The student will be welcome to propose some ideas as well.

Highly motivated students can apply by sending an email to [email protected] . Please attach your CV and clearly state why you are interested in this topic.

• Knowledge in Reinforcement Learning

References [1] Mnih, Volodymyr, et al. "Human-level control through deep reinforcement learning." nature 518.7540 (2015): 529-533. [2] Haarnoja, Tuomas, et al. "Soft actor-critic: Off-policy maximum entropy deep reinforcement learning with a stochastic actor." International conference on machine learning. PMLR, 2018. [3] Hessel, Matteo, et al. "Rainbow: Combining improvements in deep reinforcement learning." Proceedings of the AAAI conference on artificial intelligence. Vol. 32. No. 1. 2018. [4] Agarwal, R., Schuurmans, D. & Norouzi, M.. (2020). An Optimistic Perspective on Offline Reinforcement Learning International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML).

Co-optimizing Hand and Action for Robotic Grasping of Deformable objects

This project aims to advance deformable object manipulation by co-optimizing robot gripper morphology and control policies. The project will involve utilizing existing simulation environments for deformable object manipulation [2] and implementing a method to jointly optimize gripper morphology and grasp policies within the simulation.

Required Qualification:

• Familiarity with deep learning libraries such as PyTorch or Tensorflow

Preferred Qualification:

• Attendance of the lectures "Statistical Machine Learning", "Computational Engineering and Robotics" and "Robot Learning"

Application Requirements:

Interested students can apply by sending an e-mail to [email protected] and attaching the required documents mentioned above.

References: [1] Xu, Jie, et al. "An End-to-End Differentiable Framework for Contact-Aware Robot Design." Robotics: Science & Systems. 2021. [2] Huang, Isabella, et al. "DefGraspNets: Grasp Planning on 3D Fields with Graph Neural Nets." arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.16138 (2023).

Geometry-Aware Diffusion Models for Robotics

In this thesis, you will work on developing an imitation learning algorithm using diffusion models for robotic manipulation tasks, such as the ones in [2, 3, 4], but taking into account the geometry of the task space.

If this sounds interesting, please send an email to [email protected] and [email protected] , and possibly attach your CV, highlighting the relevant courses you took in robotics and machine learning.

What's in it for you:

• You get to work on an exciting topic at the intersection of deep-learning and robotics
• We will supervise you closely throughout your thesis
• Depending on the results, we will aim for an international conference publication

Requirements:

• Be motivated -- we will support you a lot, but we expect you to contribute a lot too
• Robotics knowledge
• Experience setting up deep learning pipelines -- from data collection, architecture design, training, and evaluation
• PyTorch -- especially experience writing good parallelizable code (i.e., runs fast in the GPU)

References: [1] https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.10752 [2] https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.01557 [3] https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.03855 [4] https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.04137 [5] https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.09991

Learning Latent Representations for Embodied Agents

Interested students can apply by sending an E-Mail to [email protected] and attaching the required documents mentioned below.

• Experience with TensorFlow/PyTorch
• Familiarity with core Machine Learning topics
• Experience programming/controlling robots (either simulated or real world)
• Knowledgeable about different robot platforms (quadrupeds and bipedal robots)
• Resume / CV
• Cover letter explaining why this topic fits you well and why you are an ideal candidate

References: [1] Ho and Ermon. "Generative adversarial imitation learning" [2] Arenz, et al. "Efficient Gradient-Free Variational Inference using Policy Search"

Characterizing Fear-induced Adaptation of Balance by Inverse Reinforcement Learning

Interested students can apply by sending an E-Mail to [email protected] and attaching the required documents mentioned below.

• Basic knowledge of reinforcement learning
• Hand-on experience with reinforcement learning or inverse reinforcement learning
• Cognitive science background

References: [1] Maki, et al. "Fear of Falling and Postural Performance in the Elderly" [2] Davis et al. "The relationship between fear of falling and human postural control" [3] Ho and Ermon. "Generative adversarial imitation learning"

Timing is Key: CPGs for regularizing Quadruped Gaits learned with DRL

To tackle this problem we want to utilize Central Pattern Generators (CPGs), which can generate timings for ground contacts for the four feet. The policy gets rewarded for complying with the contact patterns of the CPGs. This leads to a straightforward way of regularizing and steering the policy to a natural gait without posing too strong restrictions on it. We first want to manually find fitting CPG parameters for different gait velocities and later move to learning those parameters in an end-to-end fashion.

Highly motivated students can apply by sending an E-Mail to [email protected] and attaching the required documents mentioned below.

Minimum Qualification:

• Good Python programming skills
• Basic knowledge of the PyTorch library
• Basic knowledge of Reinforcement Learning
• Good knowledge of the PyTorch library
• Basic knowledge of the MuJoCo simulator

References: [1] Cheng, Xuxin, et al. "Extreme Parkour with Legged Robots."

Damage-aware Reinforcement Learning for Deformable and Fragile Objects

Goal of this thesis will be the development and application of a model-based reinforcement learning method on real robots. Your tasks will include: 1. Setting up a simulation environment for deformable object manipulation 2. Utilizing existing models for stress and deformability prediction[1] 3. Implementing a reinforcement learning method to work in simulation and, if possible, on the real robot methods.

If you are interested in this thesis topic and believe you possess the necessary skills and qualifications, please submit your application, including a resume and a brief motivation letter explaining your interest and relevant experience. Please send your application to [email protected].

Required Qualification :

• Enthusiasm for and experience in robotics, machine learning, and simulation
• Strong programming skills in Python

Desired Qualification :

• Attendance of the lectures "Statistical Machine Learning", "Computational Engineering and Robotics" and (optionally) "Robot Learning"

References: [1] Huang, I., Narang, Y., Bajcsy, R., Ramos, F., Hermans, T., & Fox, D. (2023). DefGraspNets: Grasp Planning on 3D Fields with Graph Neural Nets. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.16138.

Imitation Learning meets Diffusion Models for Robotics

The objective of this thesis is to build upon prior research [2, 3] to establish a connection between Diffusion Models and Imitation Learning. We aim to explore how to exploit Diffusion Models and improve the performance of Imitation learning algorithms that interact with the world.

We welcome highly motivated students to apply for this opportunity by sending an email expressing their interest to Firas Al-Hafez ( [email protected] ) Julen Urain ( [email protected] ). Please attach your letter of motivation and CV, and clearly state why you are interested in this topic and why you are the ideal candidate for this position.

Required Qualification : 1. Strong Python programming skills 2. Basic Knowledge in Imitation Learning 3. Interest in Diffusion models, Reinforcement Learning

Desired Qualification : 1. Attendance of the lectures "Statistical Machine Learning", "Computational Engineering and Robotics" and/or "Reinforcement Learning: From Fundamentals to the Deep Approaches"

References: [1] Song, Yang, and Stefano Ermon. "Generative modeling by estimating gradients of the data distribution." Advances in neural information processing systems 32 (2019). [2] Ho, Jonathan, and Stefano Ermon. "Generative adversarial imitation learning." Advances in neural information processing systems 29 (2016). [3] Garg, D., Chakraborty, S., Cundy, C., Song, J., & Ermon, S. (2021). Iq-learn: Inverse soft-q learning for imitation. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 34, 4028-4039. [4] Chen, R. T., & Lipman, Y. (2023). Riemannian flow matching on general geometries. arXiv preprint arXiv:2302.03660.

• Be extremely motivated -- we will support you a lot, but we expect you to contribute a lot too

Scaling Behavior Cloning to Humanoid Locomotion

Scope: Bachelor / Master thesis Advisor: Joe Watson Added: 2023-10-07 Start: ASAP Topic: In a previous project [1], I found that behavior cloning (BC) was a surprisingly poor baseline for imitating humanoid locomotion. I suspect the issue may lie in the challenges of regularizing high-dimensional regression.

The goal of this project is to investigate BC for humanoid imitation, understand the scaling issues present, and evaluate possible solutions, e.g. regularization strategies from the regression literature.

The project will be building off Google Deepmind's Acme library [2], which has BC algorithms and humanoid demonstration datasets [3] already implemented, and will serve as the foundation of the project.

To apply, email [email protected] , ideally with a CV and transcript so I can assess your suitability.

• Experience, interest and enthusiasm for the intersection of robot learning and machine learning
• Experience with Acme and JAX would be a benefit, but not necessary

References: [1] https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.16498 [2] https://github.com/google-deepmind/acme [3] https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.00672

Robot Gaze for Communicating Collision Avoidance Intent in Shared Workspaces

Scope: Bachelor/Master thesis Advisor: Alap Kshirsagar , Dorothea Koert Added: 2023-09-27 Start: ASAP

Topic: In order to operate close to non-experts, future robots require both an intuitive form of instruction accessible to lay users and the ability to react appropriately to a human co-worker. Instruction by imitation learning with probabilistic movement primitives (ProMPs) [1] allows capturing tasks by learning robot trajectories from demonstrations including the motion variability. However, appropriate responses to human co-workers during the execution of the learned movements are crucial for fluent task execution, perceived safety, and subjective comfort. To facilitate such appropriate responsive behaviors in human-robot interaction, the robot needs to be able to react to its human workspace co-inhabitant online during the execution. Also, the robot needs to communicate its motion intent to the human through non-verbal gestures such as eye and head gazes [2][3]. In particular for humanoid robots, combining motions of arms with expressive head and gaze directions is a promising approach that has not yet been extensively studied in related work.

Goals of the thesis:

• Develop a method to combine robot head/gaze motion with ProMPs for online collision avoidance
• Implement the method on a Franka-Emika Panda Robot
• Evaluate and compare the implemented behaviors in a study with human participants

Highly motivated students can apply by sending an email to [email protected]. Please attach your CV and transcript, and clearly state your prior experiences and why you are interested in this topic.

• Strong Programming Skills in python
• Prior experience with Robot Operating System (ROS) and user studies would be beneficial
• Strong motivation for human-centered robotics including design and implementation of a user study

References : [1] Koert, Dorothea, et al. "Learning intention aware online adaptation of movement primitives." IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters 4.4 (2019): 3719-3726. [2] Admoni, Henny, and Brian Scassellati. "Social eye gaze in human-robot interaction: a review." Journal of Human-Robot Interaction 6.1 (2017): 25-63. [3] Lemasurier, Gregory, et al. "Methods for expressing robot intent for human–robot collaboration in shared workspaces." ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction (THRI) 10.4 (2021): 1-27.

Tactile Sensing for the Real World

Topic: Tactile sensing is a crucial sensing modality that allows humans to perform dexterous manipulation[1]. In recent years, the development of artificial tactile sensors has made substantial progress, with current models relying on cameras inside the fingertips to extract information about the points of contact [2]. However, robotic tactile sensing is still a largely unsolved topic despite these developments. A central challenge of tactile sensing is the extraction of usable representations of sensor readings, especially since these generally contain an incomplete view of the environment.

Recent model-based reinforcement learning methods like Dreamer [3] leverage latent state-space models to reason about the environment from partial and noisy observations. However, more work has yet to be done to apply such methods to real-world manipulation tasks. Hence, this thesis will explore whether Dreamer can solve challenging real-world manipulation tasks by leveraging tactile information. Initial results suggest that tasks like peg-in-a-hole can indeed be solved with Dreamer in simulation (see figure above), but the applicability of this method in the real world has yet to be shown.

In this work, you will work with state-of-the-art hardware and compute resources on a hot research topic with the option of publishing your work at a scientific conference.

Highly motivated students can apply by sending an email to [email protected]. Please attach a transcript of records and clearly state your prior experiences and why you are interested in this topic.

• Ideally experience with deep learning libraries like JAX or PyTorch
• Experience with reinforcement learning is a plus
• Experience with Linux

References [1] 2S Match Anest2, Roland Johansson Lab (2005), https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HH6QD0MgqDQ [2] Gelsight Inc., Gelsight Mini, https://www.gelsight.com/gelsightmini/ [3] Hafner, D., Lillicrap, T., Ba, J., & Norouzi, M. (2019). Dream to control: Learning behaviors by latent imagination. arXiv preprint arXiv:1912.01603.

Large Vision-Language Neural Networks for Open-Vocabulary Robotic Manipulation

Robots are expected to soon leave their factory/laboratory enclosures and operate autonomously in everyday unstructured environments such as households. Semantic information is especially important when considering real-world robotic applications where the robot needs to re-arrange objects as per a set of language instructions or human inputs (as shown in the figure). Many sophisticated semantic segmentation networks exist [1]. However, a challenge when using such methods in the real world is that the semantic classes rarely align perfectly with the language input received by the robot. For instance, a human language instruction might request a ‘glass’ or ‘water’, but the semantic classes detected might be ‘cup’ or ‘drink’.

Nevertheless, with the rise of large language and vision-language models, we now have capable segmentation models that do not directly predict semantic classes but use learned associations between language queries and classes to give us ’open-vocabulary’ segmentation [2]. Some models are especially powerful since they can be used with arbitrary language queries.

In this thesis, we aim to build on advances in 3D vision-based robot manipulation and large open-vocabulary vision models [2] to build a full pick-and-place pipeline for real-world manipulation. We also aim to find synergies between scene reconstruction and semantic segmentation to determine if knowing the object semantics can aid the reconstruction of the objects and, in turn, aid manipulation.

Highly motivated students can apply by sending an e-mail expressing their interest to Snehal Jauhri (email: [email protected]) or Ali Younes (email: [email protected]), attaching your letter of motivation and possibly your CV.

Topic in detail : Thesis_Doc.pdf

Requirements: Enthusiasm, ambition, and a curious mind go a long way. There will be ample supervision provided to help the student understand basic as well as advanced concepts. However, prior knowledge of computer vision, robotics, and Python programming would be a plus.

References: [1] Y. Wu, A. Kirillov, F. Massa, W.-Y. Lo, and R. Girshick, “Detectron2”, https://github.com/facebookresearch/detectron2 , 2019. [2] F. Liang, B. Wu, X. Dai, K. Li, Y. Zhao, H. Zhang, P. Zhang, P. Vajda, and D. Marculescu, “Open-vocabulary semantic segmentation with mask-adapted clip,” in CVPR, 2023, pp. 7061–7070, https://github.com/facebookresearch/ov-seg

Dynamic Tiles for Deep Reinforcement Learning

Linear approximators in Reinforcement Learning are well-studied and come with an in-depth theoretical analysis. However, linear methods require defining a set of features of the state to be used by the linear approximation. Unfortunately, the feature construction process is a particularly problematic and challenging task. Deep Reinforcement learning methods have been introduced to mitigate the feature construction problem: these methods do not require handcrafted features, as features are extracted automatically by the network during learning, using gradient descent techniques.

In simple reinforcement learning tasks, however, it is possible to use tile coding as features: Tiles are simply a convenient discretization of the state space that allows us to easily control the generalization capabilities of the linear approximator. The objective of this thesis is to design a novel algorithm for automatic feature extraction that generates a set of features similar to tile coding, but that can arbitrarily partition the state space and deal with arbitrary complex state space, such as images. The idea is to combine the feature extraction problem directly with Linear Reinforcement Learning methods, defining an algorithm that is able both to have the theoretical guarantees and good convergence properties of these methods and the flexibility of Deep Learning approaches.

• Curriculum Vitae (CV);
• A motivation letter explaining the reason for applying for this thesis and academic/career objectives.

Minimum knowledge

• Good Python programming skills;
• Basic knowledge of Reinforcement Learning.

Preferred knowledge

• Knowledge of the PyTorch library;
• Knowledge of the Atari environments (ale-py library).
• Knowledge of the MushroomRL library.

Accepted candidate will

• Define a generalization of tile coding working with an arbitrary input set (including images);
• Design a learning algorithm to adapt the tiles using data of interaction with the environment;
• Combine feature learning with standard linear methods for Reinforcement Learning;
• Verify the novel methodology in simple continuous state and discrete actions environments;
• (Optionally) Extend the experimental analysis to the Atari environment setting.

Deep Learning Meets Teleoperation: Constructing Learnable and Stable Inductive Guidance for Shared Control

This work considers policies as learnable inductive guidance for shared control. In particular, we use the class of Riemannian motion policies [3] and consider them as differentiable optimization layers [4]. We analyze (i) if RMPs can be pre-trained by learning from demonstrations [5] or reinforcement learning [6] given a specific context; (ii) and subsequently employed seamlessly for human-guided teleoperation thanks to their physically consistent properties, such as stability [3]. We believe this step eliminates the laborious process of constructing complex policies and leads to improved and generalizable shared control architectures.

Highly motivated students can apply by sending an e-mail expressing your interest to [email protected] and [email protected] , attaching your letter of motivation and possibly your CV.

• Experience with deep learning libraries (in particular Pytorch)
• Knowledge in reinforcement learning and/or machine learning

References: [1] Niemeyer, Günter, et al. "Telerobotics." Springer handbook of robotics (2016); [2] Selvaggio, Mario, et al. "Autonomy in physical human-robot interaction: A brief survey." IEEE RAL (2021); [3] Cheng, Ching-An, et al. "RMP flow: A Computational Graph for Automatic Motion Policy Generation." Springer (2020); [4] Jaquier, Noémie, et al. "Learning to sequence and blend robot skills via differentiable optimization." IEEE RAL (2022); [5] Mukadam, Mustafa, et al. "Riemannian motion policy fusion through learnable lyapunov function reshaping." CoRL (2020); [6] Xie, Mandy, et al. "Neural geometric fabrics: Efficiently learning high-dimensional policies from demonstration." CoRL (2023).

Dynamic symphony: Seamless human-robot collaboration through hierarchical policy blending

This work focuses on arbitration between the user and assistive policy, i.e., shared autonomy. Various works allow the user to influence the dynamic behavior explicitly and, therefore, could not satisfy stability guarantees [3]. We pursue the idea of formulating arbitration as a trajectory-tracking problem that implicitly considers the user's desired behavior as an objective [4]. Therefore, we extend the work of Hansel et al. [5], who employed probabilistic inference for policy blending in robot motion control. The proposed method corresponds to a sampling-based online planner that superposes reactive policies given a predefined objective. This method enables the user to implicitly influence the behavior without injecting energy into the system, thus satisfying stability properties. We believe this step leads to an alternative view of shared autonomy with an improved and generalizable framework.

Highly motivated students can apply by sending an e-mail expressing your interest to [email protected] or [email protected] , attaching your letter of motivation and possibly your CV.

References: [1] Niemeyer, Günter, et al. "Telerobotics." Springer handbook of robotics (2016); [2] Selvaggio, Mario, et al. "Autonomy in physical human-robot interaction: A brief survey." IEEE RAL (2021); [3] Dragan, Anca D., and Siddhartha S. Srinivasa. "A policy-blending formalism for shared control." IJRR (2013); [4] Javdani, Shervin, et al. "Shared autonomy via hindsight optimization for teleoperation and teaming." IJRR (2018); [5] Hansel, Kay, et al. "Hierarchical Policy Blending as Inference for Reactive Robot Control." IEEE ICRA (2023).

Feeling the Heat: Igniting Matches via Tactile Sensing and Human Demonstrations

In this thesis, we want to investigate the effectiveness of vision-based tactile sensors for solving dynamic tasks (igniting matches). Since the whole task is difficult to simulate, we directly collect real-world data to learn policies from the human demonstrations [2,3]. We believe that this work is an important step towards more advanced tactile skills.

Highly motivated students can apply by sending an e-mail expressing your interest to [email protected] and [email protected] , attaching your letter of motivation and possibly your CV.

• Good knowledge of Python
• Prior experience with real robots and Linux is a plus

References: [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HH6QD0MgqDQ [2] Learning Compliant Manipulation through Kinesthetic and Tactile Human-Robot Interaction; Klas Kronander and Aude Billard. [3] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jAtNvfPrKH8

Inverse Reinforcement Learning for Neuromuscular Control of Humanoids

Within this thesis, the problems of learning from observations and efficient exploration in overactued systems should be addressed. Regarding the former, novel methods incorporating inverse dynamics models into the inverse reinforcement learning problem [1] should be adapted and applied. To address the problem of efficient exploration in overactuted systems, two approaches should be implemented and compared. The first approach uses a handcrafted action space, which disables and modulates actions in different phases of the gait based on biomechanics knowledge [2]. The second approach uses a stateful policy to incorporate an inductive bias into the policy [3]. The thesis will be supervised in conjunction with Guoping Zhao ( [email protected] ) from the locomotion lab.

Highly motivated students can apply by sending an e-mail expressing their interest to Firas Al-Hafez ( [email protected] ), attaching your letter of motivation and possibly your CV. Try to make clear why you would like to work on this topic, and why you would be the perfect candidate for the latter.

Required Qualification : 1. Strong Python programming skills 2. Knowledge in Reinforcement Learning 3. Interest in understanding human locomotion

Desired Qualification : 1. Hands-on experience on robotics-related RL projects 2. Prior experience with different simulators 3. Attendance of the lectures "Statistical Machine Learning", "Computational Engineering and Robotics" and/or "Reinforcement Learning: From Fundamentals to the Deep Approaches"

References: [1] Al-Hafez, F.; Tateo, D.; Arenz, O.; Zhao, G.; Peters, J. (2023). LS-IQ: Implicit Reward Regularization for Inverse Reinforcement Learning, International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR). [2] Ong CF; Geijtenbeek T.; Hicks JL; Delp SL (2019) Predicting gait adaptations due to ankle plantarflexor muscle weakness and contracture using physics-based musculoskeletal simulations. PLoS Computational Biology [3] Srouji, M.; Zhang, J:;Salakhutdinow, R. (2018) Structured Control Nets for Deep Reinforcement Learning, International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)

Robotic Tactile Exploratory Procedures for Identifying Object Properties

Goals of the thesis

• Literature review of robotic EPs for identifying object properties [2,3,4]
• Develop and implement robotic EPs for a Digit tactile sensor
• Compare performance of robotic EPs with human EPs

Desired Qualifications

• Interested in working with real robotic systems
• Python programming skills

Literature [1] Lederman and Klatzky, “Haptic perception: a tutorial” [2] Seminara et al., “Active Haptic Perception in Robots: A Review” [3] Chu et al., “Using robotic exploratory procedures to learn the meaning of haptic adjectives” [4] Kerzel et al., “Neuro-Robotic Haptic Object Classification by Active Exploration on a Novel Dataset”

Scaling learned, graph-based assembly policies

• scaling our previous methods to incorporate mobile manipulators or the Kobo bi-manual manipulation platform. The increased workspace of both would allow for handling a wider range of objects
• [2] has shown more powerful, yet, it includes running a MILP for every desired structure. Thus another idea could be to investigate approaches aiming to approximate this solution
• adapting the methods to handle more irregular-shaped objects / investigate curriculum learning

Highly motivated students can apply by sending an e-mail expressing your interest to [email protected] , attaching your letter of motivation and possibly your CV.

• Experience with deep learning libraries (in particular Pytorch) is a plus
• Experience with reinforcement learning / having taken Robot Learning is also a plus

References: [1] Learn2Assemble with Structured Representations and Search for Robotic Architectural Construction; Niklas Funk et al. [2] Graph-based Reinforcement Learning meets Mixed Integer Programs: An application to 3D robot assembly discovery; Niklas Funk et al. [3] Structured agents for physical construction; Victor Bapst et al.

Long-Horizon Manipulation Tasks from Visual Imitation Learning (LHMT-VIL): Algorithm

The proposed architecture can be broken down into the following sub-tasks: 1. Multi-object 6D pose estimation from video: Identify the object 6D poses in each video frame to generate the object trajectories 2. Action segmentation from video: Classify the action being performed in each video frame 3. High-level task representation learning: Learn the sequence of robotic movement primitives with the associated object poses such that the robot completes the demonstrated task 4. Low-level movement primitives: Create a database of low-level robotic movement primitives which can be sequenced to solve the long-horizon task

Desired Qualification: 1. Strong Python programming skills 2. Prior experience in Computer Vision and/or Robotics is preferred

Long-Horizon Manipulation Tasks from Visual Imitation Learning (LHMT-VIL): Dataset

During the project, we will create a large-scale dataset of videos of humans demonstrating industrial assembly sequences. The dataset will contain information of the 6D poses of the objects, the hand and body poses of the human, the action sequences among numerous other features. The dataset will be open-sourced to encourage further research on VIL.

[1] F. Sener, et al. "Assembly101: A Large-Scale Multi-View Video Dataset for Understanding Procedural Activities". CVPR 2022. [2] P. Sharma, et al. "Multiple Interactions Made Easy (MIME) : Large Scale Demonstrations Data for Imitation." CoRL, 2018.

Adaptive Human-Robot Interactions with Human Trust Maximization

• Good knowledge of Python and/or C++;
• Good knowledge in Robotics and Machine Learning;
• Good knowledge of Deep Learning frameworks, e.g, PyTorch;

References: [1] Xu, Anqi, and Gregory Dudek. "Optimo: Online probabilistic trust inference model for asymmetric human-robot collaborations." ACM/IEEE HRI, IEEE, 2015; [2] Kwon, Minae, et al. "When humans aren’t optimal: Robots that collaborate with risk-aware humans." ACM/IEEE HRI, IEEE, 2020; [3] Chen, Min, et al. "Planning with trust for human-robot collaboration." ACM/IEEE HRI, IEEE, 2018; [4] Poole, Ben et al. “On variational bounds of mutual information”. ICML, PMLR, 2019.

Causal inference of human behavior dynamics for physical Human-Robot Interactions

Highly motivated students can apply by sending an e-mail expressing your interest to [email protected] , attaching your a letter of motivation and possibly your CV.

• Good knowledge of Robotics;
• Good knowledge of Deep Learning frameworks, e.g, PyTorch
• Li, Q., Chalvatzaki, G., Peters, J., Wang, Y., Directed Acyclic Graph Neural Network for Human Motion Prediction, 2021 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA).
• Löwe, S., Madras, D., Zemel, R. and Welling, M., 2020. Amortized causal discovery: Learning to infer causal graphs from time-series data. arXiv preprint arXiv:2006.10833.
• Yang, W., Paxton, C., Mousavian, A., Chao, Y.W., Cakmak, M. and Fox, D., 2020. Reactive human-to-robot handovers of arbitrary objects. arXiv preprint arXiv:2011.08961.

Incorporating First and Second Order Mental Models for Human-Robot Cooperative Manipulation Under Partial Observability

Scope: Master Thesis Advisor: Dorothea Koert , Joni Pajarinen Added: 2021-06-08 Start: ASAP

The ability to model the beliefs and goals of a partner is an essential part of cooperative tasks. While humans develop theory of mind models for this aim already at a very early age [1] it is still an open question how to implement and make use of such models for cooperative robots [2,3,4]. In particular, in shared workspaces human robot collaboration could potentially profit from the use of such models e.g. if the robot can detect and react to planned human goals or a human's false beliefs during task execution. To make such robots a reality, the goal of this thesis is to investigate the use of first and second order mental models in a cooperative manipulation task under partial observability. Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) and interactive POMDPs (I-POMDPs) [5] define an optimal solution to the mental modeling task and may provide a solid theoretical basis for modelling. The thesis may also compare related approaches from the literature and setup an experimental design for evaluation with the bi-manual robot platform Kobo.

Highly motivated students can apply by sending an e-mail expressing your interest to [email protected] attaching your CV and transcripts.

References:

• Wimmer, H., & Perner, J. Beliefs about beliefs: Representation and constraining function of wrong beliefs in young children's understanding of deception (1983)
• Sandra Devin and Rachid Alami. An implemented theory of mind to improve human-robot shared plans execution (2016)
• Neil Rabinowitz, Frank Perbet, Francis Song, Chiyuan Zhang, SM Ali Eslami,and Matthew Botvinick. Machine theory of mind (2018)
• Connor Brooks and Daniel Szafir. Building second-order mental models for human-robot interaction. (2019)
• Prashant Doshi, Xia Qu, Adam Goodie, and Diana Young. Modeling recursive reasoning by humans using empirically informed interactive pomdps. (2010)

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Open Topics

We offer multiple Bachelor/Master theses, Guided Research projects and IDPs in the area of data mining/machine learning. A  non-exhaustive list of open topics is listed below.

If you are interested in a thesis or a guided research project, please send your CV and transcript of records to Prof. Stephan Günnemann via email and we will arrange a meeting to talk about the potential topics.

Graph Neural Networks for Spatial Transcriptomics

Type:  Master's Thesis

Prerequisites:

• Strong machine learning knowledge
• Proficiency with Python and deep learning frameworks (PyTorch, TensorFlow, JAX)
• Knowledge of graph neural networks (e.g., GCN, MPNN)
• Optional: Knowledge of bioinformatics and genomics

Description:

Spatial transcriptomics is a cutting-edge field at the intersection of genomics and spatial analysis, aiming to understand gene expression patterns within the context of tissue architecture. Our project focuses on leveraging graph neural networks (GNNs) to unlock the full potential of spatial transcriptomic data. Unlike traditional methods, GNNs can effectively capture the intricate spatial relationships between cells, enabling more accurate modeling and interpretation of gene expression dynamics across tissues. We seek motivated students to explore novel GNN architectures tailored for spatial transcriptomics, with a particular emphasis on addressing challenges such as spatial heterogeneity, cell-cell interactions, and spatially varying gene expression patterns.

Contact : Filippo Guerranti , Alessandro Palma

References:

• Cell clustering for spatial transcriptomics data with graph neural network
• Unsupervised spatially embedded deep representation of spatial transcriptomics
• SpaGCN: Integrating gene expression, spatial location and histology to identify spatial domains and spatially variable genes by graph convolutional network
• DeepST: identifying spatial domains in spatial transcriptomics by deep learning
• Deciphering spatial domains from spatially resolved transcriptomics with an adaptive graph attention auto-encoder

GCNG: graph convolutional networks for inferring gene interaction from spatial transcriptomics data

Generative Models for Drug Discovery

Type:  Mater Thesis / Guided Research

• Proficiency with Python and deep learning frameworks (PyTorch or TensorFlow)
• Knowledge of graph neural networks (e.g. GCN, MPNN)
• No formal education in chemistry, physics or biology needed!

Effectively designing molecular geometries is essential to advancing pharmaceutical innovations, a domain which has experienced great attention through the success of generative models. These models promise a more efficient exploration of the vast chemical space and generation of novel compounds with specific properties by leveraging their learned representations, potentially leading to the discovery of molecules with unique properties that would otherwise go undiscovered. Our topics lie at the intersection of generative models like diffusion/flow matching models and graph representation learning, e.g., graph neural networks. The focus of our projects can be model development with an emphasis on downstream tasks ( e.g., diffusion guidance at inference time ) and a better understanding of the limitations of existing models.

Contact :  Johanna Sommer , Leon Hetzel

Equivariant Diffusion for Molecule Generation in 3D

Equivariant Flow Matching with Hybrid Probability Transport for 3D Molecule Generation

Structure-based Drug Design with Equivariant Diffusion Models

Efficient Machine Learning: Pruning, Quantization, Distillation, and More

Type: Master's Thesis / Guided Research / Hiwi

• Strong knowledge in machine learning
• Proficiency with Python and deep learning frameworks (TensorFlow or PyTorch)

The efficiency of machine learning algorithms is commonly evaluated by looking at target performance, speed and memory footprint metrics. Reduce the costs associated to these metrics is of primary importance for real-world applications with limited ressources (e.g. embedded systems, real-time predictions). In this project, you will investigate solutions to improve the efficiency of machine leanring models by looking at multiple techniques like pruning, quantization, distillation, and more.

Contact: Bertrand Charpentier

• The Efficiency Misnomer
• A Gradient Flow Framework for Analyzing Network Pruning
• Distilling the Knowledge in a Neural Network
• A Survey of Quantization Methods for Efficient Neural Network Inference

Deep Generative Models

Type:  Master Thesis / Guided Research

• Strong machine learning and probability theory knowledge
• Knowledge of generative models and their basics (e.g., Normalizing Flows, Diffusion Models, VAE)
• Optional: Neural ODEs/SDEs, Optimal Transport, Measure Theory

With recent advances, such as Diffusion Models, Transformers, Normalizing Flows, Flow Matching, etc., the field of generative models has gained significant attention in the machine learning and artificial intelligence research community. However, many problems and questions remain open, and the application to complex data domains such as graphs, time series, point processes, and sets is often non-trivial. We are interested in supervising motivated students to explore and extend the capabilities of state-of-the-art generative models for various data domains.

Contact : Marcel Kollovieh , David Lüdke

• Flow Matching for Generative Modeling
• Auto-Encoding Variational Bayes
• Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models 
• Structured Denoising Diffusion Models in Discrete State-Spaces

Active Learning for Multi Agent 3D Object Detection 

Type: Master's Thesis  Industrial partner: BMW 

Prerequisites: 

• Strong knowledge in machine learning 
• Knowledge in Object Detection 
• Excellent programming skills 
• Proficiency with Python and deep learning frameworks (TensorFlow or PyTorch) 

Description: 

In autonomous driving, state-of-the-art deep neural networks are used for perception tasks like for example 3D object detection. To provide promising results, these networks often require a lot of complex annotation data for training. These annotations are often costly and redundant. Active learning is used to select the most informative samples for annotation and cover a dataset with as less annotated data as possible.   

The objective is to explore active learning approaches for 3D object detection using combined uncertainty and diversity based methods.  

Contact: Sebastian Schmidt

References: 

• Exploring Diversity-based Active Learning for 3D Object Detection in Autonomous Driving   
• Efficient Uncertainty Estimation for Semantic Segmentation in Videos   
• KECOR: Kernel Coding Rate Maximization for Active 3D Object Detection
• Towards Open World Active Learning for 3D Object Detection   

Graph Neural Networks

Type:  Master's thesis / Bachelor's thesis / guided research

• Knowledge of graph/network theory

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have recently achieved great successes in a wide variety of applications, such as chemistry, reinforcement learning, knowledge graphs, traffic networks, or computer vision. These models leverage graph data by updating node representations based on messages passed between nodes connected by edges, or by transforming node representation using spectral graph properties. These approaches are very effective, but many theoretical aspects of these models remain unclear and there are many possible extensions to improve GNNs and go beyond the nodes' direct neighbors and simple message aggregation.

Contact: Simon Geisler

• Semi-supervised classification with graph convolutional networks
• Relational inductive biases, deep learning, and graph networks
• Diffusion Improves Graph Learning
• Weisfeiler and leman go neural: Higher-order graph neural networks
• Reliable Graph Neural Networks via Robust Aggregation

Physics-aware Graph Neural Networks

Type:  Master's thesis / guided research

• Proficiency with Python and deep learning frameworks (JAX or PyTorch)
• Knowledge of graph neural networks (e.g. GCN, MPNN, SchNet)
• Optional: Knowledge of machine learning on molecules and quantum chemistry

Deep learning models, especially graph neural networks (GNNs), have recently achieved great successes in predicting quantum mechanical properties of molecules. There is a vast amount of applications for these models, such as finding the best method of chemical synthesis or selecting candidates for drugs, construction materials, batteries, or solar cells. However, GNNs have only been proposed in recent years and there remain many open questions about how to best represent and leverage quantum mechanical properties and methods.

Contact: Nicholas Gao

• Directional Message Passing for Molecular Graphs
• Neural message passing for quantum chemistry
• Learning to Simulate Complex Physics with Graph Network
• Ab initio solution of the many-electron Schrödinger equation with deep neural networks
• Ab-Initio Potential Energy Surfaces by Pairing GNNs with Neural Wave Functions
• Tensor field networks: Rotation- and translation-equivariant neural networks for 3D point clouds

Robustness Verification for Deep Classifiers

Type: Master's thesis / Guided research

• Strong machine learning knowledge (at least equivalent to IN2064 plus an advanced course on deep learning)
• Strong background in mathematical optimization (preferably combined with Machine Learning setting)
• Proficiency with python and deep learning frameworks (Pytorch or Tensorflow)
• (Preferred) Knowledge of training techniques to obtain classifiers that are robust against small perturbations in data

Description : Recent work shows that deep classifiers suffer under presence of adversarial examples: misclassified points that are very close to the training samples or even visually indistinguishable from them. This undesired behaviour constraints possibilities of deployment in safety critical scenarios for promising classification methods based on neural nets. Therefore, new training methods should be proposed that promote (or preferably ensure) robust behaviour of the classifier around training samples.

Contact: Aleksei Kuvshinov

References (Background):

• Intriguing properties of neural networks
• Explaining and harnessing adversarial examples
• SoK: Certified Robustness for Deep Neural Networks
• Certified Adversarial Robustness via Randomized Smoothing
• Formal guarantees on the robustness of a classifier against adversarial manipulation
• Towards deep learning models resistant to adversarial attacks
• Provable defenses against adversarial examples via the convex outer adversarial polytope
• Certified defenses against adversarial examples
• Lipschitz-margin training: Scalable certification of perturbation invariance for deep neural networks

Uncertainty Estimation in Deep Learning

Type: Master's Thesis / Guided Research

• Strong knowledge in probability theory

Safe prediction is a key feature in many intelligent systems. Classically, Machine Learning models compute output predictions regardless of the underlying uncertainty of the encountered situations. In contrast, aleatoric and epistemic uncertainty bring knowledge about undecidable and uncommon situations. The uncertainty view can be a substantial help to detect and explain unsafe predictions, and therefore make ML systems more robust. The goal of this project is to improve the uncertainty estimation in ML models in various types of task.

Contact: Tom Wollschläger ,   Dominik Fuchsgruber ,   Bertrand Charpentier

• Can You Trust Your Model’s Uncertainty? Evaluating Predictive Uncertainty Under Dataset Shift
• Predictive Uncertainty Estimation via Prior Networks
• Posterior Network: Uncertainty Estimation without OOD samples via Density-based Pseudo-Counts
• Evidential Deep Learning to Quantify Classification Uncertainty
• Weight Uncertainty in Neural Networks

Hierarchies in Deep Learning

Type:  Master's Thesis / Guided Research

Multi-scale structures are ubiquitous in real life datasets. As an example, phylogenetic nomenclature naturally reveals a hierarchical classification of species based on their historical evolutions. Learning multi-scale structures can help to exhibit natural and meaningful organizations in the data and also to obtain compact data representation. The goal of this project is to leverage multi-scale structures to improve speed, performances and understanding of Deep Learning models.

Contact: Marcel Kollovieh , Bertrand Charpentier

• Tree Sampling Divergence: An Information-Theoretic Metricfor Hierarchical Graph Clustering
• Hierarchical Graph Representation Learning with Differentiable Pooling
• Gradient-based Hierarchical Clustering
• Gradient-based Hierarchical Clustering using Continuous Representations of Trees in Hyperbolic Space

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[P] Research Topics for Thesis

Hello everyone, I'm finishing my bachelor's and I have to write a thesis and I've chosen to base it around machine learning. Are there any sources online where I can find some research papers? Or maybe some of you have experience with this. I'm thinking about doing a research on stock market, housing market, or crypto.

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Latest thesis topics in Machine Learning for research scholars:

Choosing a research and thesis topics in Machine Learning is the first choice of masters and Doctorate scholars now a days. Though, choosing and working on a thesis topic in machine learning is not an easy task as Machine learning uses certain statistical algorithms to make computers work in a certain way without being explicitly programmed. The algorithms receive an input value and predict an output for this by the use of certain statistical methods. The main aim of machine learning is to create intelligent machines which can think and work like human beings. Achieving the above mentioned goals is surely not very easy because of which students who choose research topic in machine learning face difficult challenges and require professional thesis help in their thesis work.

Below is the list of the latest thesis topics in Machine learning for research scholars:

• The classification technique for the face spoof detection in artificial neural networks using concepts of machine learning .
• The iris detection and reorganization system using classification and glcm algorithm in machine learning.
• Using machine learning algorithms in the detection of pattern system using algorithm of textual feature analysis and classification
• The plant disease detection using glcm and KNN classification in neural networks merged with the concepts of machine learning
• Using the algorithms of machine learning to propose technique for the prediction analysis in data mining
• The sentiment analysis technique using SVM classifier in data mining using machine learning approach
• The heart disease prediction using technique of classification in machine learning using the concepts of data mining.

So let’s start with machine learning.

First of all…

What exactly is machine learning?

Find the link at the end to download the latest topics for thesis and research in Machine Learning

What is Machine Learning?

Machine Learning is a branch of artificial intelligence that gives systems the ability to learn automatically and improve themselves from the experience without being explicitly programmed or without the intervention of human. Its main aim is to make computers learn automatically from the experience.

Requirements of creating good machine learning systems

So what is required for creating such machine learning systems? Following are the things required in creating such machine learning systems:

Data – Input data is required for predicting the output.

Algorithms – Machine Learning is dependent on certain statistical algorithms to determine data patterns.

Automation – It is the ability to make systems operate automatically.

Iteration – The complete process is iterative i.e. repetition of process.

Scalability – The capacity of the machine can be increased or decreased in size and scale.

Modeling – The models are created according to the demand by the process of modeling.

Methods of Machine Learning

Machine Learning methods are classified into certain categories These are:

• Supervised Learning
• Unsupervised Learning

Reinforcement Learning

Supervised Learning – In this method, input and output is provided to the computer along with feedback during the training. The accuracy of predictions by the computer during training is also analyzed. The main goal of this training is to make computers learn how to map input to the output.

Unsupervised Learning – In this case, no such training is provided leaving computers to find the output on its own. Unsupervised learning is mostly applied on transactional data. It is used in more complex tasks. It uses another approach of iteration known as deep learning to arrive at some conclusions.

Reinforcement Learning – This type of learning uses three components namely – agent, environment, action. An agent is the one that perceives its surroundings, an environment is the one with which an agent interacts and acts in that environment. The main goal in reinforcement learning is to find the best possible policy.

How does machine learning work?

Machine learning makes use of processes similar to that of data mining. Machine learning algorithms are described in terms of target function(f) that maps input variable (x) to an output variable (y). This can be represented as:

There is also an error e which is the independent of the input variable x. Thus the more generalized form of the equation is:

In machine the mapping from x to y is done for predictions. This method is known as predictive modeling to make most accurate predictions. There are various assumptions for this function.

Benefits of Machine Learning

Everything is dependent on machine learning. Find out what are the benefits of machine learning.

Decision making is faster – Machine learning provides the best possible outcomes by prioritizing the routine decision-making processes.

Adaptability – Machine Learning provides the ability to adapt to new changing environment rapidly. The environment changes rapidly due to the fact that data is being constantly updated.

Innovation – Machine learning uses advanced algorithms that improve the overall decision-making capacity. This helps in developing innovative business services and models.

Insight – Machine learning helps in understanding unique data patterns and based on which specific actions can be taken.

Business growth – With machine learning overall business process and workflow will be faster and hence this would contribute to the overall business growth and acceleration.

Outcome will be good – With machine learning the quality of the outcome will be improved with lesser chances of error.

Branches of Machine Learning

• Computational Learning Theory
• Adversarial Machine Learning
• Quantum Machine Learning
• Robot Learning
• Meta-Learning

Computational Learning Theory – Computational learning theory is a subfield of machine learning for studying and analyzing the algorithms of machine learning. It is more or less similar to supervised learning.

Adversarial Machine Learning – Adversarial machine learning deals with the interaction of machine learning and computer security. The main aim of this technique is to look for safer methods in machine learning to prevent any form of spam and malware. It works on the following three principles:

Finding vulnerabilities in machine learning algorithms.

Devising strategies to check these potential vulnerabilities.

Implementing these preventive measures to improve the security of the algorithms.

Quantum Machine Learning – This area of machine learning deals with quantum physics. In this algorithm, the classical data set is translated into quantum computer for quantum information processing. It uses Grover’s search algorithm to solve unstructured search problems.

Predictive Analysis – Predictive Analysis uses statistical techniques from data modeling, machine learning and data mining to analyze current and historical data to predict the future. It extracts information from the given data. Customer relationship management(CRM) is the common application of predictive analysis.

Robot Learning – This area deals with the interaction of machine learning and robotics. It employs certain techniques to make robots to adapt to the surrounding environment through learning algorithms.

Grammar Induction – It is a process in machine learning to learn formal grammar from a given set of observations to identify characteristics of the observed model. Grammar induction can be done through genetic algorithms and greedy algorithms.

Meta-Learning – In this process learning algorithms are applied on meta-data and mainly deals with automatic learning algorithms.

Best Machine Learning Tools

Here is a list of artificial intelligence and machine learning tools for developers:

ai-one – It is a very good tool that provides software development kit for developers to implement artificial intelligence in an application.

Protege – It is a free and open-source framework and editor to build intelligent systems with the concept of ontology. It enables developers to create, upload and share applications.

IBM Watson – It is an open-API question answering system that answers questions asked in natural language. It has a collection of tools which can be used by developers and in business.

DiffBlue – It is another tool in artificial intelligence whose main objective is to locate bugs, errors and fix weaknesses in the code. All such things are done through automation.

TensorFlow – It is an open-source software library for machine learning. TensorFlow provides a library of numerical computations along with documentation, tutorials and other resources for support.

Amazon Web Services – Amazon has launched toolkits for developers along with applications which range from image interpretation to facial recognition.

OpenNN – It is an open-source, high-performance library for advanced analytics and is written in C++ programming language. It implements neural networks. It has a lot of tutorials and documentation along with an advanced tool known as Neural Designer.

Apache Spark – It is a framework for large-scale processing of data. It also provides a programming tool for deep learning on various machines.

Caffe – It is a framework for deep learning and is used in various industrial applications in the area of speech, vision and expression.

Veles – It is another deep learning platform written in C++ language and make use of python language for interaction between the nodes.

Machine Learning Applications

Following are some of the applications of machine learning:

Cognitive Services

Medical Services

Language Processing

Business Management

Image Recognition

Face Detection

Video Games

Computer Vision

Pattern Recognition

Machine Learning in Bioinformatics

Bioinformatics term is a combination of two terms bio, informatics. Bio means related to biology and informatics means information. Thus bioinformatics is a field that deals with processing and understanding of biological data using computational and statistical approach. Machine Learning has a number of applications in the area of bioinformatics. Machine Learning find its application in the following subfields of bioinformatics:

Genomics – Genomics is the study of DNA of organisms. Machine Learning systems can help in finding the location of protein-encoding genes in a DNA structure. Gene prediction is performed by using two types of searches named as extrinsic and intrinsic. Machine Learning is used in problems related to DNA alignment.

Proteomics – Proteomics is the study of proteins and amino acids. Proteomics is applied to problems related to proteins like protein side-chain prediction, protein modeling, and protein map prediction.

Microarrays – Microarrays are used to collect data about large biological materials. Machine learning can help in the data analysis, pattern prediction and genetic induction. It can also help in finding different types of cancer in genes.

System Biology – It deals with the interaction of biological components in the system. These components can be DNA, RNA, proteins and metabolites. Machine Learning help in modeling these interactions.

Text mining – Machine learning help in extraction of knowledge through natural language processing techniques.

Deep Learning

Deep Learning is a part of the broader field machine learning and is based on data representation learning. It is based on the interpretation of artificial neural network. Deep Learning algorithm uses many layers of processing. Each layer uses the output of previous layer as an input to itself. The algorithm used can be supervised algorithm or unsupervised algorithm. Deep Learning is mainly developed to handle complex mappings of input and output. It is another hot topic for M.Tech thesis and project along with machine learning.

Deep Neural Network

Deep Neural Network is a type of Artificial Neural Network with multiple layers which are hidden between the input layer and the output layer. This concept is known as feature hierarchy and it tends to increase the complexity and abstraction of data. This gives network the ability to handle very large, high-dimensional data sets having millions of parameters. The procedure of deep neural networks is as follows:

Consider some examples from a sample dataset.

Calculate error for this network.

Improve weight of the network to reduce the error.

Repeat the procedure.

Applications of Deep Learning

Here are some of the applications of Deep Learning:

Automatic Speech Recognition

Natural Language Processing

Customer Relationship Management

Bioinformatics

Mobile Advertising

Advantages of Deep Learning

Deep Learning helps in solving certain complex problems with high speed which were earlier left unsolved. Deep Learning is very useful in real world applications. Following are some of the main advantages of deep learning:

Eliminates unnecessary costs – Deep Learning helps to eliminate unnecessary costs by detecting defects and errors in the system.

Identifies defects which otherwise are difficult to detect – Deep Learning helps in identifying defects which left untraceable in the system.

Can inspect irregular shapes and patterns – Deep Learning can inspect irregular shapes and patterns which is difficult for machine learning to detect.

From this introduction, you must have known that why this topic is called as hot for your M.Tech thesis and projects. This was just the basic introduction to machine learning and deep learning. There is more to explore in these fields. You will get to know more once you start doing research on this topic for your M.Tech thesis. You can get thesis assistance and guidance on this topic from experts specialized in this field.

Research and Thesis Topics in Machine Learning

Here is the list of current research and thesis topics in Machine Learning :

Machine Learning Algorithms

Supervised Machine Learning

Unsupervised Machine Learning

Neural Networks

Predictive Learning

Bayesian Network

Data Mining

For starting with Machine Learning, you need to know some algorithms. Machine Learning algorithms are classified into three categories which provide the base for machine learning. These categories of algorithms are supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning. The choice of algorithms depends upon the type of tasks you want to be done along with the type, quality, and nature of data present. The role of input data is crucial in machine learning algorithms.

Computer Vision is a field that deals with making systems that can read and interpret images. In simple terms, computer vision is a method of transmitting human intelligence and vision in machines. In computer vision, data is collected from images which are imparted to systems. The system will take action according to the information it interprets from what it sees.

It is a good topic for machine learning masters thesis. It is a type of machine learning algorithm in which makes predictions based on known data-sets. Input and output is provided to the system along with feedback. Supervised Learning is further classified into classification and regression problems. In the classification problem, the output is a category while in regression problem the output is a real value.

It is another category of machine learning algorithm in which input is known but the output is not known. Prior training is not provided to the system as in case of supervised learning. The main purpose of unsupervised learning is to model the underlying structure of data. Clustering and Association are the two types of unsupervised learning problems. k-means and Apriori algorithm are the examples of unsupervised learning algorithms.

Deep Learning is a hot topic in Machine Learning. It is already explained above. It is a part of the family of machine learning and deals with the functioning of the artificial neural network. Neural Networks are used to study the functioning of the human brain. It is one of the growing and exciting field. Deep learning has made it possible for the practical implementation of various machine learning applications.

Neural Networks are the systems to study the biological neural networks. It is an important application of machine learning and a good topic for masters thesis and research. The main purpose of Artificial Neural Network is to study how the human brain works. It finds its application in computer vision, speech recognition, machine translation etc. Artificial Neural Network is a collection of nodes which represent neurons.

Reinforcement Learning is a category of machine learning algorithms. Reinforcement Learning deals with software agents to study how these agents take actions in an environment in order to maximize their performance. Reinforcement Learning is different from supervised learning in the sense that correct input and output parameters are not provided.

Predictive Learning is another good topic for thesis in machine learning. In this technique, a model is built by an agent of its environment in which it performs actions. There is another field known as predictive analytics which is used to make predictions about future events which are unknown. For this, techniques like data mining, statistics, modeling, machine learning, and artificial intelligence are used.

It is a network that represents probabilistic relationships via Directed Acyclic Graph(DAG). There are algorithms in Bayesian Network for inference and learning. In the network, a probability function is there for each node which takes an input to give probability to the value associated with the node. Bayesian Network finds its application in bioinformatics, image processing, and computational biology.

Data Mining is the process of finding patterns from large data-sets to extract valuable information to make better decisions. It is a hot area of research. This technology use method from machine learning, statistics, and database systems for processing. There exist data mining techniques like clustering, association, decision trees, classification for the data mining process.

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Latest Thesis and Research Topics on Machine Learning(pdf)

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