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This video will demonstrate how to set up the title page in Google Docs.
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Streefkerk, R. (2020, November 06). APA Title Page (6th edition) | Guidelines, Example, Template. Scribbr. Retrieved August 26, 2024, from https://www.scribbr.com/apa-style/6th-edition/archived-title-page/
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When it comes to academic writing, most professors and editors require students and writers to follow the APA style.
The APA writing format is an official style first developed 80 years ago by the American Psychological Association (thus the acronym).The APA style was designed by a group of social scientists who “wished to establish sound standards of communication” especially in the fields of education, and social and behavioral sciences. Since then, the APA style has been adopted in various fields and is continuously used today as a standard for proper academic writing.
The APA format emphasizes “simple and straightforward” presentation of ideas. The goal of APA style writing is to deliver the message with the least possible distraction and maximum precision. To achieve this clarity in communication, the APA format provides guidelines in:
Table of Content
When writing and submitting an academic paper, your title page is your first impression. A correctly done APA format title page helps establish the aptitude of the student or the writer, and gives the reader and reviewer (either your editor or your professor) a clear representation of the rest of your paper.
An APA format title page has five essential elements: the article title, the author’s name, the author’s school affiliation, the running head and the page number.
In writing the actual title, it is important to be specific and on-point. Remember that your title summarizes your entire work. A helpful way to structure your title is to “look at your hypothesis and experimental variables.” For example: “The Effects of (Independent Variable) on (Dependent Variable) ”
An APA format title can also be written as a question. Consider this example from the Athabasca University Centre for Psychology website : “What are the Psychology and Law Perspective with Respect to Sexual Assault?”
Also note that your title, name and school should be centered on the page. Your professor might want to include your class name and number or the due date so it is always wise to check for further instructions aside from the standard elements of an APA format title page.
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The APA format title page is usually the easiest part of an academic paper so this should be a breeze for most students and writers. As in everything else, when in doubt, don’t hesitate to leave a comment.
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There are two types of title page required for APA style papers, a professional and a student version.
As long as students do not have any specific guidance from their instructors in regards to a cover page format, they should include the following elements on their cover page:
We created a a student APA cover page template of both 6th & 7th edition, which you can download:
A professional APA cover page should include the following elements:
Since there are a few slight differences between the professional cover page in APA 6th and 7th edition, we created a template for each version, which you can download.
An author note in a professional paper can be found at the bottom of the cover page. It is usually composed of four paragraphs.
Format : start this section in the bottom half of the title page, below the affiliations. Leave a minimum of one blank line between the affiliation and the author note title. Center the title “Author Note” in bold. The first line of each paragraph should be indented and all aligned to the left.
For more details not covered in this guide, take a look at the following sources:
📝 Student and Professional APA cover page (7th ed.)
🌐 APA 6th cover page tutorial
The title page of a student paper serves as a representation of the author. It is a mere formality, as it makes your paper appear more academic. As a student, the title page helps your instructor identify on a glance who wrote the paper, what the topic is, and for what course. In sum, a student should add a title page when indicated.
The title page of a professional paper serves as a representation of the author. For professionals, the function of a title page is to introduce the reader to the main facts of the paper, such as the author, the topic, the year of publication, and contact information. In sum, a professional should add a title page to comply with academic standards.
No. According to APA style, the title's font of a title page should not include any type of Word Art or "fun" fonts of any kind. APA style indicates titles should be written in the same font as the rest of the text, it should centered and in bold (for APA 7).
Yes, APA style's title page should be formated as page 1 of the paper, followed by the abstract page as page 2.
If you learn better by watching than by reading, here are two YouTube tutorials that will help you create a title page: APA Style 7th Edition: Student Paper Formatting and APA Style 7th Edition: Professional Paper Formatting by Samuel Forlenza, PhD.
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This page outlines the basic rules you should use to format an academic paper in APA style. It has been compiled by our citation experts, and the information comes from the most recent version of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th Edition).
Please note that some teachers and institutions might have their own specific requirements. You should always follow their guidelines where applicable, and remember that the most important thing when formatting an academic essay is to be consistent throughout.
Unfortunately, there is no quick tool you can use as an APA formatter for your essay, but the basic rules are easy enough to learn. Here’s an overview of the main points:
An APA paper should generally include each of the following elements in order. We provide more details about the formatting for each specific section below.
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Every paper should include an APA format title page. This is presented prior to the main text on a separate sheet of paper. Note again that this is in addition to the title that appears at the top of the first page of your main text.
There are different rules for the title pages of student essays and for those of professional papers. In what follows, we outline the formatting styles for both.
The first page of a student paper should include the title of the essay, centered and in bold, positioned three to four double-spaced lines down from the top of the page. You should capitalize major words, and the subtitle should be placed on a subsequent line, following the main title.
Below this, miss a double-spaced blank line and then list your full name, centered but not in bold. If you authored the paper with someone else, use the word “and” between their name and yours. If there were three or more authors, include commas between each of the names, and the word “and” before the final name.
On the next four lines, list the following information, centered and not in bold:
The Name of Your Department or School, The Name of Your College Course Number: Course Title Professor’s Name Assignment Due Date
In the top right corner, include the page number (“1”). Page numbers should then follow on every subsequent page.
The following is an annotated sample title page for a student paper:
Professional papers written for submission to academic journals and presses contain slightly more detail than student papers. The same rules for formatting the title and the names of contributors apply. However, if the contributors have different affiliations (if they belong to different colleges, for example), then superscript figures are used to connect them. These affiliations then appear on subsequent, double-spaced lines, alongside the corresponding superscript figures, like so:
First Author Name 1 , Second Author Name 2 , Third Author Name 1 , and Fourth Author Name 3,4 1 First and Third Author’s Department, First and Third Author’s Institution 2 Second Author’s Department, Second Author’s Institution 3 Fourth Author’s Primary Department, Fourth Author’s Primary Institution 4 Fourth Author’s Secondary Department, Fourth Author’s Secondary Institution
Note that, if all of the authors have the same affiliation, superscript figures are not used. The affiliation is simply listed beneath the authors’ names.
Beneath the affiliations, most professional papers will also include an “Author Note,” the title for which should be centred and written in bold. Beneath the title, the author’s note is left-justified and composed of a number of different paragraphs (however many are relevant). These paragraphs appear in the following order:
As well as a page number in the top right corner, professional title pages should also include a running head with a shortened version of the title in all-capital letters in the top left corner. Both the running head and the page number should then appear on every subsequent page of the paper.
Here is a sample of a professional title page:
|
| |
---|---|---|
| Three to four lines from top. | Three to four lines from top. |
| Miss a line. | Miss a line. |
| The department and institution where the student attends school. | The institution where the researcher(s) work, linked by superscript numbers. |
| Course number: Course title. | |
| Cenered, not bold. | |
| “Author Note” title, centered, bold. | |
| Shortened title. | |
| Top right corner, not bold. | Top right corner, not bold. |
All APA papers should include a list of “References” after the main text and before any tables, figures, or other additional materials. The list should include all of the sources directly used to support the ideas and claims made in the main body of the argument. This is different from a bibliography, which includes background materials and wider reading.
To format your reference list, start a new page after the end of your main text and include “References” as a title, centered and in bold.
On the next line, alphabetize your references by author surname and indent any additional lines after the first one by an extra inch. A sample APA format citation would therefore look like this:
Author Surname, Initial(s). (Date). Title of work with first word capitalized (Edition if not the first). Publisher. DOI or URL
Please see our other more targeted pages for information on how to format different types of sources.
If used, footnotes appear throughout a paper at the bottom of the page on which the relevant note occurs. Endnotes, by contrast, appear on their own page at the end of the document, after the list of references. Both footnotes and endnotes can be used to provide supplementary information that is not essential to the main body of your argument.
To form either kind of note, include a superscript number in the relevant position in the text after any punctuation apart from a dash (—), like so. 1 If a footnote number needs to be placed next to a dash, then it should precede it—like it does here 2 —though you should generally delay the footnote marker to the end of the sentence. Only include a footnote in the middle of a sentence if it is necessary for clarity’s sake.
Use the footnoting feature on your chosen word processor to automatically create footnotes and endnotes. You should also use the word processor’s default formatting settings, typically a 10-point version of the paper’s main font, single-spaced.
Tables show either numbers or text arranged in columns and rows. Figures are any other way of presenting information visually, such as charts, photographs, illustrations, drawings, infographics, and more.
Both tables and figures can either be embedded in the main body of your text when they are first mentioned or they can be presented on separate pages at the end of your document. If they are embedded, they can either take up a whole page or, if they are small enough, then they can appear with text on the same page. In the latter case, you should place them either at the top or the bottom of the page, not in the middle. You should also leave a blank, double-spaced line between your text and the table or figure.
Tables should be labelled sequentially as they occur in your text (for example, Table 1). This label then appears above the table in bold, followed by a title in italics with any important words capitalized. The font for the table should be the same as that for your paper.
Tables may include a number of headings based on how the data is categorized. That said, every column should include a heading , even the leftmost column (sometimes known as the stub column). If no heading readily presents itself for this column, then “Variable” is often used.
Center all column headings and capitalize the important words. Left-align the information in the leftmost column (apart from the column heading), but center the information in all the other cells (unless left-justifying would improve readability).
See the sample paper below for an APA format example of a table.
Figures are also labelled sequentially as they occur in your text (for example, Figure 1). As with tables, this label should then appear above the figure in question in bold, followed by an italicized title with important words categorized. The figure then follows at a size large enough to understand and read. If any text occurs in the figure (such as axis labels), style it in a sans serif font between 8 and 14 points. If necessary, provide a legend or key within the borders of the figure.
Beneath any tables or figures, you can also include any of the following kinds of notes: general notes, specific notes, and probability notes. These help to clarify elements in the tables or figures that might not otherwise be understood.
The following is an example of a student paper:
American Psychological Association . (2020) . Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed.) . https://doi.org/10.1037/0000165-000
Hannah Berry has lectured at several colleges and teaches at the WEA. Besides publishing extensively, she has taught citation skills and written multiple style guides.
Apa paper formatting, apa references list formatting, hanging indents for references list, formatting a powerpoint using apa style, additional resources.
Headings - APA Style Tips for formatting headings and using the automatic headings function of their word-processing program to create headings.
Sample Papers in APA Format Includes student and professional papers.
Paper Pre-Submission Checklist (APA Style) A checklist to use before submitting your paper to ensure it follows proper APA formatting.
APA Style includes guidelines for paragraph alignment and indentation to ensure that papers are formatted in a consistent and readable manner. All writers should follow these guidelines.
Align the text of an APA Style paper to the left margin. Leave the right margin uneven, or “ragged.” Do not use full justification for student papers or manuscripts being submitted for publication.
Do not insert hyphens (manual breaks) in words at the end of line. However, it is acceptable if your word-processing program automatically inserts breaks in long hyperlinks ( such as in a DOI or URL in a reference list entry ).
Indent the first line of each paragraph of text 0.5 in. from the left margin. Use the tab key or the automatic paragraph-formatting function of your word-processing program to achieve the indentation (the default setting is likely already 0.5 in.). Do not use the space bar to create indentation.
Exceptions to these paragraph-formatting requirements are as follows:
Paragraph alignment and indentation are covered in the seventh edition APA Style manuals in the Publication Manual Sections 2.23 and 2.24 and the Concise Guide Sections 1.22 and 1.23
APA Style student papers webinar
A new APA Style webinar, “A Step-by-Step Guide for APA Style Student Papers,” taking place on September 10, 2020, will provide detailed guidance on creating, formatting, and organizing APA Style student papers.
Table of Contents
The American Psychological Association (APA) introduced the latest edition of the APA Style Manual (i.e., APA 7 th edition ) in 2019. APA Style has its origins in 1929 , when a group of academics and professionals decided to develop a set of guidelines that would standardize scientific writing. The earliest form was a seven-page guide published in the Psychological Bulletin . The first formal edition of the APA Publication Manual was published in 1952, with subsequent editions appearing in 1974, 1983, 1994, 2001, 2009, and most recently, in 2019.
Over the years, the APA style guide has evolved considerably to meet the changing needs of a wide range of disciplines, from social and behavioral sciences to health care, natural sciences, and humanities. APA Style is widely used by academic journals and books.
As APA 7 th edition is the current and most updated version, students and researchers should familiarize themselves with the style guidelines, including the reference and citation styles.
The aim of style guides such as the APA Style Guide is to simplify the work of editors and make it easier for readers to understand a text by ensuring a uniform format for a given publication. For example, the APA Style Guide will contain guidelines that lay down the APA reference format and APA style citation for authors to follow.
The APA Style Guide can be a valuable reference when writing and formatting academic papers, irrespective of discipline. However, this style is primarily used by professionals, researchers, and students in the social sciences (e.g., sociology, psychology, anthropology), behavioral sciences, education, business, and nursing.
If you are a student, you may consult with an instructor to check what style your discipline uses before using APA Style in your work. Most importantly, be sure to check the guidelines of your university or the journal you plan to publish in to ensure APA 7 th edition is the correct style to use.
Researchers rely on citations and references to give credit to original sources, support their arguments, and guide readers to additional information for further study. Let us now look at how to cite sources in APA format. The formatting requirements of APA 7th edition citation for referring to secondary sources in your text are as follows.
The APA citation format includes the author’s last name and the year of publication. When referring to a particular part of a source, the page number may be included, e.g., “(Rawat et al., 2018, p. 115).”
APA style citation in the text may be parenthetical or narrative.
In parenthetical citation, the author’s name and the year of publication are placed in parentheses within the text. This style is used at the end of a sentence. See below for an example:
In narrative citation, the author’s name appears as a part of the sentence, followed by the publication year in parentheses. See below for an example:
Table 1: How to cite sources in APA format when there are multiple authors and organizations as authors
1
| (Sinha, 2022) | Sinha (2022) |
2
| (Latimer & Schulz, 1999) | Latimer and Schulz (1999) |
≥3
| (Khatri et al., 2023) | Khatri et al. (2023) |
Organization as an author* | (WHO, 2016)
| WHO (2016) |
*First time with an abbreviation: (World Health Organization [WHO], 2016); all subsequent citations: (WHO, 2016)
Table 2: How to cite sources in APA format when some information is missing
Author | Use the title of the source in title case
| (FAQs, 2004) | FAQs. (2004) Crazy Camp Chronicles. http://www.crazycamps/faq |
Date
| Use “n.d.” (for no date) | (Kalanithi, n.d.) | Kalanithi, O. (n.d.). The curious case of the coughing cloud. Merriweather Publishing. |
Page number
| Use an alternative locator | (Williams, 1988, Chapter 14) (Bush, 2021, para. 2) | |
Title
| Describe the source | (Gupta, 2023)
| Gupta, G. (2023). [Collection of patient feedback for a new therapy]. Unpublished raw data. |
After APA citations , let us now look at the APA reference format. As an academic, you might use a wide array of source types. According to the APA style guide , each type is formatted in a certain manner. The most commonly used sources are journal articles, books, and dissertations. However, you occasionally might need to cite webpages, podcasts, and news article. How would all these appear in an APA 7 reference page ? You will find your answers in Table 3!
Table 3: How to format various sources in the APA reference list
Author, A. A. (Year of Publication). Title of the article. (issue number), pages. https://doi.org/xx.xxx/yyyy | Singh, C., Solomon, D., & Rao, N. (2021). How does climate change adaptation policy in India consider gender? An analysis of 28 state action plans. (7), 958-975
| |
Author, A. A. (Year of Publication). (editors, translators, editions, etc.). Publisher.
| Angelou, M. (1970). Random House.
| |
Author, A. A. (Year). Chapter title. In Initial. Last name (Eds.), (ed., pages of chapter). Publisher. DOI of chapter | Saxena, R. K., Saxena, K. B., & Varshney, R. K. (2019). Pigeonpea ( L. Millsp.): an ideal crop for sustainable agriculture. In J. M. Al-Khayri, S. M. Jain, D. V. Johnson (Eds.), , Springer, Cham. .
| |
Author, A. A. (Year, Month Day). . Website name. URL | Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE). (n.d.). Johns Hopkins University. Retrieved July 13, 2022, from
| |
Author, A. A. (Year of Publication). [Master’s thesis/Doctoral dissertation, Name of institution]. URL or database name | Srinidhi, A. (2024). . [internal PhD, WU, Wageningen University]. Wageningen University. https://doi.org/10.18174/654556 | |
Author, A. A. (Year, Month Day). Title of the article. . URL | Das, S. (2024, August 20). Auto companies Tata Motors, Ashok Leyland board the fully built bus boom. .
| |
Host, A. A. (Host). (Year, Month Day). Title (episode number if known) [Audio podcast episode]. In Publisher. URL | Huberman, A. (Host). (2022, April 17). Using light (sunlight, blue light & red light) to optimize health [Audio podcast episode]. In . Andrew Huberman.
|
Papers formatted according to APA 7th edition typically contain the following elements:
Title page with the title (bold, centered), running head and page number in the header, author names and affiliations, and author notes (ORCID ID, conflicts of interest, etc.); see below:
Next comes the abstract . It should be double spaced and use consistent font. The keywords appear below the abstract, with an indent.
For the main text, margins are 1 inch on all four side s. T he text is double spaced . T he font used should be consistent . H eadings are used to separate sections , and d etails on heading levels are as follows:
Source: https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/paper-format/headings
Finally, the APA 7 reference page contains the references to all sources used in the paper. References are double-spaced and use hanging indents :
Style guides in academic writing serve to standardize formatting, citations, and language use across scholarly works. They provide readers with cues they can use to follow the text more efficiently and to locate information of interest to them. In other words, it avoids distraction of unfamiliar or non-uniform formatting.
In this piece about APA 7th edition , we have explained in detail the nuances of APA citations , including how to cite in APA format and how to format the APA 7 reference page . A brief primer on formatting a manuscript in line with APA 7th edition is also provided.
The updates from APA 6th to APA 7th Edition reflect a commitment to improving clarity, inclusivity, and usability in scholarly writing. The salient differences from APA 6 th edition are as follows:
According to APA 7 th edition , a reference would appear as below:
Author, A. A. (Year of Publication). Title of the article. Title of the Journal, volume number (issue number), pages. https://doi.org/xx.xxx/yyyy .
The in-text citation would include the author name(s) and year of publication, e.g., (Andriolatou, 2007).
APA 7 citation style would vary depending on the number of authors and whether you are citing the source parenthetically or narratively:
Single author, parenthetical: (Bik, 2020)
Single author, narrative: Bik (2020) reported that…
Two authors, parenthetical: (Bik & Urs, 2019)
Two authors, narrative: As demonstrated by Bik and Urs (2019), …
Three or more authors, parenthetical: (Bik et al., 2023)
Three or more authors, narrative: Bik et al. (2023) have published…
When someone else’s words are copied verbatim in your paper, it refers to a direct quote.
For APA 7 citation of short direct quotes (<40 words), use quotation marks around the quote and cite the author, year, and page number:
Another way to look at it is how people “get a broader range of experience than they would on a feature” (Catmull, 2014, p. 209).
For APA 7 citation of longer quotes, or block quotes, the sentence preceding the quote ends in a colon and is followed by the quoted text. No quotation marks are used. The quote is indented and cited without a period at the end (see the figure below).
Figure: How to cite block quotes in APA citations
To conclude
Over the years, the APA style guide has evolved significantly. The current version, APA 7th edition , has expanded in both scope and size to accommodate the needs of wide-ranging fields and to address changing times. Despite these changes, the core intention—to provide clear, consistent guidelines for effective communication—remains at the heart of APA Style .
For busy researchers, not only is it difficult to remember the different elements of citations and references and the subtle differences in formatting, but it also a tedious task to manually format in-text citations and reference lists and ensure consistency between them. In addition, you might need to format (and even re-format) your manuscript according to different journals, which might follow styles different from APA 7th edition (MLA, Chicago, AMA, etc.)! But there is no need to worry…help is at hand!
Citation generators are online tools that format references in different styles. There are a number of citation generators available, and Paperpal has launched its new citation generator , which stands out from the others in many ways. As a part of Paperpal’s writing workflow, you can easily find and cite sources accurately in a matter of seconds.
This free citation generator supports the updated recent versions of 10,000+ styles, including APA 7th edition . Therefore, it can serve as an APA 7th edition citation generator if you need one! What’s more, you don’t need to switch between multiple tools to search, save, or format your citations. You can rely Paperpal’s citation generation feature for help with citing sources accurately and consistently in your writing. Explore Paperpal for free now!
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Mla works cited page: format, template & examples.
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This page is brought to you by the OWL at Purdue University. When printing this page, you must include the entire legal notice.
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Note: This page reflects the latest version of the APA Publication Manual (i.e., APA 7), which released in October 2019. The equivalent resource for the older APA 6 style can be found here .
APA Style uses a unique headings system to separate and classify paper sections. Headings are used to help guide the reader through a document. The levels are organized by levels of subordination, and each section of the paper should start with the highest level of heading. There are 5 heading levels in APA. Regardless of the number of levels, always use the headings in order, beginning with level 1. The format of each level is illustrated below:
| |
|
|
1 |
Text starts a new paragraph. |
2 |
Text starts a new paragraph. |
3 |
Text starts a new paragraph. |
4 | Paragraph text continues on the same line as the same paragraph. |
5 | Paragraph text continues on the same line as the same paragraph. |
Thus, if the article has four sections, some of which have subsections and some of which don’t, use headings depending on the level of subordination. Section headings receive level one format. Subsections receive level two format. Subsections of subsections receive level three format. For example:
Method (Level 1)
Site of Study (Level 2)
Participant Population (Level 2)
Teachers (Level 3)
Students (Level 3)
Results (Level 1)
Spatial Ability (Level 2)
Test One (Level 3)
Teachers With Experience. (Level 4)
Teachers in Training. (Level 4)
Teaching Assistants . (Level 5)
Test Two (Level 3)
Kinesthetic Ability (Level 2)
In APA Style, the Introduction section never gets a heading and headings are not indicated by letters or numbers. For subsections in the beginning of a paper (introduction section), the first level of subsection will use Level 2 headings — the title of the paper counts as the Level 1 heading. Levels of headings will depend upon the length and organization of your paper. Regardless, always begin with level one headings and proceed to level two, etc.
Special headings called section labels are used for certain sections of a paper which always start on a new page.
These labels should be positioned on their own line at the top of the page where the section starts, in bold and centered.
APA also allows for seriation in the body text to help authors organize and present key ideas. For lists where a specific order or numbered procedure is necessary, use an Arabic numeral directly followed by a period, such as:
On the basis of four generations of usability testing on the Purdue OWL, the Purdue OWL Usability Team recommended the following:
Numbered lists should contain full sentences or paragraphs rather than phrases. The first word after each number should be capitalized, as well as the first word in any following sentence; each sentence should end with a period or other punctuation.
For lists that do not communicate hierarchical order or chronology, use bullets:
In general, participants found the user-centered OWL mock up to be easier to use. What follows are samples of participants' responses:
Authors may also use seriation for paragraph length text.
For seriation within sentences, authors may use letters:
On the basis of research conducted by the usability team, OWL staff have completed (a) the OWL site map; (b) integrating graphics with text on the OWL homepage; (c) search boxes on all OWL pages except the orange OWL resources (that is pending; we do have a search page); (d) moving the navigation bar to the left side of pages on all OWL resources except in the orange area (that is pending); (e) piloting the first phase of the three-tiered navigation system, as illustrated in the new Engagement section.
Authors may also separate points with bullet lists:
On the basis of the research conducted by the usability team, OWL staff have completed
If your bulleted list is part of the sentence and is not preceded by a colon, treat the bullets like a part of the sentence, adhering to standard capitalization and punctuation. This option is helpful for complex or longer bulleted sentences that may be more difficult to read without the aid of punctuation. For items in a bulleted list that are phrases rather than sentences, no punctuation is necessary.
Citation management software can help you manage your research and easily organize and format your citations in a wide variety of citation styles. Check out the links below for more information about these useful programs.
Select a reference type from the box below for an example of an APA formatted reference. Be sure when adding a reference to your reference list that you use a hanging indent.
APA Style Reference for a Video:
Director, D. D. (Year). Title of video . [Video]. Production Company.
Doe, J. (2019). Exploring the Universe . [Video]. Space Studios.
APA Style Reference for a Photograph:
Photographer, P. P. (Year). Title of photograph . [Photograph]. Website Name. URL
Smith, J. (2020). Sunset over the Mountains . [Photograph]. Nature Photography. https://www.example.com
APA Style Reference for a Book with DOI:
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle . Publisher. https://doi.org/xx.xxx/yyyy
Smith, J. (2020). Understanding Psychology . Psychology Press. https://doi.org/10.1000/xyz123
APA Style Reference for an Authored Book with DOI:
Jones, R. (2021). Advanced Mathematics . Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1000/abc456
APA Style Reference for One Volume of a Multivolume Work:
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle (Vol. X). Publisher.
Miller, L. (2018). History of Ancient Civilizations (Vol. 2). History Press.
APA Style Reference for a Work in an Anthology:
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of work. In E. E. Editor (Ed.), Title of Anthology (pp. xxx-xxx). Publisher.
Davis, P. (2019). Modern Poetry. In R. Carter (Ed.), Anthology of Contemporary Poetry (pp. 34-56). Poetry Press.
APA Style Reference for a Paper Presentation or Poster Session:
Author, A. A. (Year, Month). Title of paper or poster. Paper or poster presented at the meeting of Organization Name, Location.
Lee, M. (2022, March). Innovations in Education. Paper presented at the Annual Education Conference, Boston, MA.
APA Style Reference for a Data Set:
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of Data Set . Publisher. DOI or URL
Johnson, H. (2021). Global Temperature Data . Climate Research Institute. https://doi.org/10.1000/data123
APA Style Reference for a Dissertation:
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of dissertation (Publication No.). [Doctoral dissertation, University]. Publisher.
Martinez, R. (2020). Social Dynamics in Urban Areas (Publication No. 123456). [Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University]. ProQuest Dissertations Publishing.
APA Style Reference for a Policy Brief:
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of policy brief . Organization. DOI or URL
Brown, K. (2019). Health Policy Recommendations . World Health Organization. https://doi.org/10.1000/policy789
APA Style Reference for a Journal Article with DOI:
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical , volume number(issue number), pages. https://doi.org/xx.xxx/yyyy
Doe, J. (2021). Cognitive development in children. Journal of Psychology , 25(3), 123-145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsycho.2021.03.002
APA Style Reference for a Journal Article without DOI:
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical , volume number(issue number), pages.
Lee, S. (2020). Effects of Sleep on Memory. Health Journal , 34(2), 78-89.
APA Style Reference for a MOOC:
Instructor, I. I. (Year). Title of course. Platform Name . URL
Anderson, T. (2021). Introduction to Sociology. Coursera . https://www.coursera.org/learn/sociology
APA Style Reference for an OER (Open Educational Resource):
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of OER. Publisher. DOI or URL
Williams, J. (2019). Introduction to Economics. OpenStax. https://doi.org/10.1000/oer456
APA Style Reference for a Webpage (Individual Author, Dated):
Author, A. A. (Year, Month Day). Title of webpage. Website Name. URL
Thompson, L. (2020, May 5). How to learn Python. Programming Blog. https://www.example.com
APA Style Reference for a Webpage (Group Author, Dated):
Organization Name. (Year, Month Day). Title of webpage. URL
World Health Organization. (2021, June 15). Global health initiatives. https://www.who.int/initiatives
APA Style Reference for a Webpage (Group Author, Undated):
Organization Name. (n.d.). Title of webpage. URL
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.). Preventing chronic diseases. https://www.cdc.gov/preventing
Main Parts of a Reference
Identifying these four (4) elements will help you create a reference for almost any resource.
Author | Who is responsible for the resource? |
Date | When was the resource published? |
Title | What is the name of the resource? |
Source | How can others locate the resource? |
Please refer to these pages for additional reference examples.
IMAGES
VIDEO
COMMENTS
Follow the guidelines described next to format each element of the student title page. Place the title three to four lines down from the top of the title page. Center it and type it in bold font. Capitalize major words of the title. Place the main title and any subtitle on separate double-spaced lines if desired.
The student version of the APA title page should include the following information (double spaced and centered): Paper title. Author name. Department and university name. Course number and name. Instructor name. Due date of the assignment. The professional title page also includes an author note (flushed left), but not a course name, instructor ...
Indent the first line of every paragraph of text 0.5 in. using the tab key or the paragraph-formatting function of your word-processing program. Page numbers: Put a page number in the top right corner of every page, including the title page or cover page, which is page 1. Student papers do not require a running head on any page.
Note: The APA Publication Manual, 7 th Edition specifies different formatting conventions for student and professional papers (i.e., papers written for credit in a course and papers intended for scholarly publication). These differences mostly extend to the title page and running head.
Formatting Rules. In APA Style (7th edition), the cover page, or title page, should include: A running head (professional papers only) and page number. The title of the paper. The name of the author (s) The institutional affiliation. An author note; optional (professional papers only) A student paper should also include course information.
Title. The title of the paper can contain upper and lowercase letters, and ideally should be no more than 12 words in length. It should be direct, and should not contain abbreviations or other unnecessary words. It should not span longer than 2 lines. The first letter of each word should be uppercase, except for articles (a, an, the), and ...
To format a paper in APA Style, writers can typically use the default settings and automatic formatting tools of their word-processing program or make only minor adjustments. The guidelines for paper format apply to both student assignments and manuscripts being submitted for publication to a journal. If you are using APA Style to create ...
Basic guidelines for formatting the reference list at the end of a standard APA research paper Author/Authors Rules for handling works by a single author or multiple authors that apply to all APA-style references in your reference list, regardless of the type of work (book, article, electronic resource, etc.)
In this video, Purdue Global Learning and Development Specialist, Chrissine Cairns, demonstrates how to format a paper and title page in APA Style (7 Ed.).No...
Page number in the header; Format. Centered, upper half of the page - three to four lines down from top margin, and double spaced; Paper title should be in title case. title case: major words are capitalized; sentence case: most words are lowercased; Add an additional double spaced blank line between the title and the byline (author names)
This video explains how to format an APA Style student title page and paper.0:00 Introduction0:12 APA 7th Edition Formatting Basics1:11 Title Page Format1:54...
APA Student Title Page Example. Ready to see a student title page in action? Check out this example of what an APA student title page looks like. Page Number. Student APA format title pages include a page number at the top. It's right-aligned and ½ inch down. Title of Paper. To create the title of the paper, follow these steps. Hit return 3 ...
The Title Page. Your title page should follow all of the rules outlined in the Basic Formatting tab. In addition, it should be centered in the upper-half of the page. It must include the following information (and your instructor might prefer you to add more): The full title of your paper in title case. Your name (First Last)
An APA title page must include: A running head (including page number) The title of your paper (one or two lines long) The full name of the author (s) Your university or institution. Additional information, such as a course number or an author's note, should be placed on a separate line below the institution. APA title page template.
An APA format title pagehas five essential elements: the article title, the author's name, the author's school affiliation, the running head and the page number. In writing the actual title, it is important to be specific and on-point. Remember that your title summarizes your entire work. A helpful way to structure your title is to "look ...
Title of the paper: three to four lines down from the top of the title page, centered and in bold for APA 7 (APA 6 does not have a title in bold). Name of each author: include a double-spaced blank line between the paper title and the author names. Affiliation for each author: give the name of the institution at which the research was carried out.
Write a 150- to 250-word summary of your paper in an accurate, concise, and specific manner. Center the title (References) at the top of the page. Do not bold it. Capitalize only the first letter of the first word of a title and subtitle, the first word after a colon or a dash in the title, and proper nouns.
HOW TO FORMAT TITLE PAGES USING APA STYLE. Every paper should include an APA format title page. This is presented prior to the main text on a separate sheet of paper. Note again that this is in addition to the title that appears at the top of the first page of your main text. There are different rules for the title pages of student essays and ...
Headings - APA Style Tips for formatting headings and using the automatic headings function of their word-processing program to create headings. Sample Papers in APA Format Includes student and professional papers. Paper Pre-Submission Checklist (APA Style) A checklist to use before submitting your paper to ensure it follows proper APA formatting.
APA Citation Basics. When using APA format, follow the author-date method of in-text citation. This means that the author's last name and the year of publication for the source should appear in the text, like, for example, (Jones, 1998). One complete reference for each source should appear in the reference list at the end of the paper.
Exceptions to these paragraph-formatting requirements are as follows: title page: For professional papers, the title (in bold), byline, and affiliations should be centered on the title page. For student papers, the title (in bold), byline, affiliations, course number and name, instructor, and assignment due date should be centered on the title ...
Formatting the APA Paper Papers formatted according to APA 7th edition typically contain the following elements: Title page with the title (bold, centered), running head and page number in the header, author names and affiliations, and author notes (ORCID ID, conflicts of interest, etc.); see below: Next comes the abstract. It should be double ...
APA Style uses a unique headings system to separate and classify paper sections. Headings are used to help guide the reader through a document. The levels are organized by levels of subordination, and each section of the paper should start with the highest level of heading. There are 5 heading levels in APA. Regardless of the number of levels ...
APA Formatting & Style Guide. From Purdue's OWL. APA Style Help. Overviews, tutorials, and FAQs. Online Writing Lab. Organizing and Managing Citations. Citation management software can help you manage your research and easily organize and format your citations in a wide variety of citation styles. Check out the links below for more information ...
APA Style Reference for a Paper Presentation or Poster Session: Author, A. A. (Year, Month). Title of paper or poster. Paper or poster presented at the meeting of Organization Name, Location. Example: Lee, M. (2022, March). Innovations in Education. Paper presented at the Annual Education Conference, Boston, MA.