have you done your homework passive voice

The English passive voice: What is it, how to form it, and when to use it?

In English, the passive voice is a way to form a sentence so that the subject undergoes or receives the action of the verb. This makes passive sentences different from regular active voice sentences where the subject does the action and the object undergoes the action:

Active Voice

Sarah threw the ball .

Passive Voice

The ball was thrown .

To form the passive voice :

Move the object of a verb into the subject position.

Use be + the past participle of the main verb.

Sounds a little confusing? No worries — forming and using the passive voice is much, much easier than it seems. In this post you’ll learn all about passive voice , including how to form a passive sentence, when to use the passive voice, how to use the passive voice in different tenses, and how to form negative sentences with the passive. Read on and get ready to dive into all the details about the passive voice!

Table of Contents

How to form the passive voice.

The passive voice is formed by using to be + the past participle of the main verb. The form of to be should agree with the subject.

subject (undergoes the action)

past participle (of the main verb)

That car is parked badly.

The dishes were washed .

My puppy is not trained yet.

In a passive sentence, the subject undergoes an action someone or something else does. That means that the verb needs to represent an action that can be done to someone or something .

So, if the verb can’t take an object in an active sentence, you can’t make it a passive verb!

In spoken English, it’s very common to form the passive voice with get instead of be :

The car got stolen !

They had to stop the race because an athlete got hurt .

Passives formed with get sound faster, more abrupt, more accidental, and less formal. However, there is no literal difference in meaning between a passive with get and with be .

Though get passives are used like passive verbs, you can actually use get in a lot of similar expressions. Have a look at this discussion of expressions with get to learn more!

How to conjugate passive verbs in English?

To conjugate a passive verb, you can just change the form of be or get into whatever tense you want to create. The past participle does not change. For example:

The mouse was caught .

The mouse was being caught .

The mouse had been caught .

The mouse is caught .

The mouse is being caught .

The mouse has been caught .

The mouse will be caught .

The mouse will have been caught .

Her car got stolen .

Her car was getting stolen .

Her car had gotten stolen .

Her car gets stolen .

Her car is getting stolen .

Her car has gotten stolen .

Her car will get stolen .

Her car will have gotten stolen .

Do you see the verb be is sometimes used twice? We often use passive verbs in the continuous tenses: tenses which follow the pattern be + verb -ing . When this happens we use the verb be twice in one word:

Maria’s dog is being groomed this afternoon.

How to negate a passive verb?

You can negate a passive verb just like you negate any other verb in English: use the word not after the first auxiliary verb.

In a passive with be , the verb be is an auxiliary verb:

The mouse was caught . → The mouse was not caught .

The mouse had been caught . → The mouse had not been caught .

The mouse will have been caught . → The mouse will not have been caught .

The verb get in a passive with get is not an auxiliary verb:

Her car got stolen . → Her car did not get stolen .

Her car was getting stolen . → Her car was not getting stolen .

Her car will get stolen . → Her car will not get stolen .

How to add the agent in a passive sentence?

Sometimes passive voice clauses are followed with a by phrase (by + noun) to show who the agent is. The agent is the noun that performs the action. For example:

The dishes were washed by Olivia .

The bed was made by my mother .

The gifts were given by her parents .

The criminals got caught by the police .

By phrases are prepositional phrases prepositional phrases, we need to use object pronouns No definition set for object pronouns Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. after by :

The dishes were washed by her .

That puzzle was completed by me .

The book was written by him .

Notice that a by phrase usually comes after the verb.

When to use the passive voice?

We use passive sentences in cases where the agent is not the focus of the sentence . Notice the difference between the two sentences below:

I threw the ball.

The ball was thrown (by me ).

There are five main situations where it is common to use the passive voice in English:

when the agent is unknown

when the agent is not important

when the object is the topic of discussion

in academic writing

for accepted ideas and truths

Let’s look at each use!

The agent is unknown

When the agent of an action is completely unknown, you can use the passive voice to describe what happened. For example:

The window was broken .

My car was stolen .

The house was cleaned before we arrived.

Technically, you can state an unknown agent by adding the phrase by someone to the end of the sentence:

The window was broken by someone.

However, this phrasing tends to sound really awkward and unnecessary, so most native speakers will just drop an unknown agent from a passive sentence.

The agent is not important

You can use a passive verb if the agent is not important or if you do not want to focus attention on the agent. This might be because:

The person you’re talking to doesn’t benefit from knowing who the agent is:

The house was cleaned .

The agent can be understood from the context:

Since the new government took over, funding for schools has been increased .

You want to direct attention away from the person who made a mistake or did something wrong.

The report was sent late.

This is sometimes used in the news to protect someone from criticism or to protect the newspaper from making false accusations:

$10 million dollars were stolen from public funds.

The object is the topic

We often use the passive voice because the object is the topic of a conversation. The agent may add important information, but what we are really talking about is the object of the action, so we want that object to be the subject of the sentence. For example:

The houses on this hill are all beautiful and very expensive. That house was actually designed by Frank Lloyd Wright, so it is especially interesting.

The Grand Canyon is visited by 5 million people every year and it is a major tourist attraction in Arizona.

In each of these sentences, we know exactly who the agent is, but we want to show the importance of the object instead of the agent.

In academic language

The passive voice is very common in academic writing, especially research. We use the passive to keep the focus on the facts and actions and away from the people who discovered them. Compare:

The participants of the study were given a survey on the first day.

I gave the participants of the study a survey.

Academic writing tends to avoid using first person pronouns, for the same reason!

In some styles of writing, you will see a lot of active voice. In others you will see more passive voice.

Most writing teachers will tell students to avoid using the passive voice where you can, since the active voice is more direct, easier to understand, and makes you sound stronger. But there are cases where the passive voice is better too. Lots of practice is the key!

For accepted ideas and truths

Sometimes people make broad statements about accepted ideas and truths. In these situations, the agent doesn’t matter because the agent is everyone! So you can use the passive voice to make these broad, widely accepted statements:

Casablanca is considered one of the best movies of all time.

Paris is thought to be the most romantic city in the world.

The passive voice is often used in formal writing.

We also sometimes use the passive voice in this way to give an opinion, but state it in a way that sounds like a fact.

To learn more about making statements like these, check out our post on it is sentences in English !

In this post, we learned quite a lot about the passive voice! Let’s do a quick summary just to remember everything we talked about:

In the passive voice, the subject is the receiver of the action (or the object of the verb).

The passive voice is formed like this: subject + to be + past participle .

We can use the passive voice in any tense.

We can use the passive voice in several situations:

Emphasizing the object

Emphasizing the action

Omitting the agent

Appearing objective

Discussing accepted social norms

Now, are you ready to practice? Have a look at our English passive voice activities to test your understanding!

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Passive Voice - Exercises on Form

>mixed exercise on passive voice.

Rewrite the sentences in passive voice.

• John collects money. -
• Anna opened the window. -
• We have done our homework. -
• I will ask a question. -
• He can cut out the picture. -
• The sheep ate a lot. -
• We do not clean our rooms. -
• William will not repair the car. -
• Did Sue draw this circle? -
• Could you feed the dog? -

Homework: Passive Voice

So, did you steal your bike, or was your bike stolen? Will you take out your tonsils, or will your tonsils be taken out? Mastering the Passive Voice is a crucial rite of passage for any English learner, as it can change the meaning of a sentence entirely. However, as this versatile voice can be used with any grammar tense, this is often much more easily said than done, as no sooner have students established just when to use it than along comes the more daunting challenge of actually using it correctly. This homework sheet enables students to practise using the Passive Voice through a range of progressively challenging exercises.

After downloading your PDF: print it immediately or save and print later. Answers are provided for teachers on the second page.

Make your own worksheets with the free EnglishClub Worksheet Maker !

Passive Voice: Important Rules and Useful Examples

Posted on Last updated: December 21, 2023

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Understanding how to construct sentences in the passive voice is an essential skill that can enhance the variety and sophistication of your communication. Throughout this lesson, we will delve into the key rules that govern the formation of passive constructions and explore their appropriate usage in various contexts.

Table of Contents

Understanding Passive Voice

Definition of Passive Voice

Passive voice  occurs when the subject of the sentence is acted upon by the verb. The focus is not on who is performing the action, but rather on the action itself or the recipient of that action. Sentences in passive voice typically follow this structure: the object + be + past participle + by + the subject. For example, “ The cake was eaten by us ,” puts emphasis on the cake and the action of it being eaten.

Active vs. Passive Voice

Active Voice

The active voice illustrates a sentence where the subject performs the action that stated by the verb.

Form: SUBJECT + VERB + OBJECT.

• I do my home work.
• My mom cooks the dinner.
• Our teacher gives us a lot of homework.
• She receives a letter from her father.

Passive Voice

In contrast, passive voice is describe a sentence in which the subject receives an action.

Form: SUBJECT + VERB + “TO BE” + PAST PARTICIPLE.

• My homework is done (by me).
• The dinner is cooked (by my mom).
• We are given a lot of homework (by our teacher).
• A letter from her father is received (by her).

Note: “By+…” can be taken out in passive voice.

When to Use Passive Voice?

 1. In formal texts

• Active: They invite him to the party.
• Passive: He is invited to the party. (sounds more formal)

2. To show interest in the person or object that receive an action rather than the person or object that performs the action.

• The party was held in a luxury hotel. (we’re interest in the party rather than who held it.)
• All tickets were sold out! (we’re interest in the ticket rather than who sold it.)

3. When we don’t know (or do not want to express) who performed the action.

• My purse was stolen!
• A whole pot of jam was eaten!

Passive Voice For All Tenses

Passive voice for all tenses in English.

• V1 : Base Form of Verb
• V2 : Past Simple
• V3 : Past Participle

Present Simple Tense

Learn passive voice for present simple tense in English.

• Active : S + V1 + O.
• Passive : S + is/am/are +V3.
• Active : He receives a letter.
• Passive : A letter is received by him.

Present Continuous Tense

• Active : S + am/are/is +V-ing + O.
• Passive : S + am/are/is +being + V3.
• Active : She is cooking the dinner.
• Passive : The dinner is being cooked by her.

Past Simple Tense

• Active : S + V2+O.
• Passive : S+was/were+V3.
• Active : I did my homework last night.
• Passive : Homework was done by me last night.

Past Continuous Tense

• Active : S + was/were + V-ing + O.
• Passive : S+was/were + being +V3.
• Active : He was playing the volleyball yesterday afternoon.
• Passive : The volleyball was being played by him yesterday afternoon.

Present Perfect Tense

• Active : S + have/has + V3 + O.
• Passive : S+have/has been +V3.
• Active : I have studied English for 10 years.
• Passive : English has been studied for 10 year.

Past Perfect Tense

• Active : S + had + V3 + O.
• Passive : S + had been +V3.
• Active : I had bought a new car.
• Passive : A new car had been bought by me.

Future Simple Tense

• Active : S + will + V1 + O.
• Passive : S + will be +V3.
• Active : I will make a cake on my Mom’s birthday.
• Passive : A cake will be made on my Mom’s birthday.

Future Tense with Going to

• Active : S + am/are/is going to + V1 + O.
• Passive : S + am/are/is going to be +V3.
• Active : She is going to do housework.
• Passive : Housework is going to be done by her.

Modals Verb

• Active : S + can/could/may/might… + V1 + O.
• Passive : S + can/could/may/might…be +V3.
• Active : She could lift this box.
• Passive : This box could be lifted by her.

Modal Perfect

• Active : S + should/could/may/might…have + V3+ O.
• Passive : S + should/could/may/might…have been + V3.
• Active : You should have finished the task on time.
• Passive : The task should have been finished on time.

Interactive Exercises

Exercise 1: change from active to passive voice.

Rewrite the following active sentences in the passive voice. Be sure to keep the same tense.

• The team is preparing the report.
• The chef cooked a delicious meal.
• The students will present the project next week.
• The company has shipped your order.
• The mechanic fixed the car.
• The teacher is grading the exams.
• The artist painted a beautiful portrait.
• The gardener has planted new flowers.
• The committee will announce the results tomorrow.
• The kids are making a mess in the living room.
• The report is being prepared by the team.
• A delicious meal was cooked by the chef.
• The project will be presented by the students next week.
• Your order has been shipped by the company.
• The car was fixed by the mechanic.
• The exams are being graded by the teacher.
• A beautiful portrait was painted by the artist.
• New flowers have been planted by the gardener.
• The results will be announced by the committee tomorrow.
• A mess is being made in the living room by the kids.

Exercise 2: Identify the Correct Passive Voice Sentence

Choose the correct passive voice sentence from the options provided.

• The novel (was written/was wrote) by the author last year.
• The windows (are cleaned/were cleaned) every Saturday.
• The song (has been sung/was been sung) by the choir beautifully.
• The homework (must be finished/must finished) before the deadline.
• The instructions (will be given/are given) by the instructor shortly.
• The trophy (is being awarded/was being awarded) to the winner as we speak.
• The agreement (has been signed/had been signed) by both parties.
• The message (was being delivered/is being delivered) when the system crashed.
• The new policy (is being implemented/was being implemented) starting next month.
• The cake (was being baked/is being baked) when the power went out.
• was written 
• are cleaned 
• has been sung
• must be finished 
• will be given 
• is being awarded 
• has been signed 
• was being delivered 
• is being implemented 
• was being baked 

Frequently Asked Questions

How can I convert a sentence from active to passive voice?

To convert from active to passive, you first identify the object of the active sentence. Make this object the subject of the passive sentence. Then, add the appropriate form of the verb “to be” followed by the past participle of the main verb. If necessary, you may include “by” followed by the original subject to indicate who performed the action.

Can you provide some examples of passive voice in different tenses?

Sure, here are some examples:

• Present simple: “The mail is delivered daily.”
• Past simple: “The window was broken by the storm.”
• Future simple: “The project will be completed by next week.”
• Present perfect: “The agreement has been signed.”

What are some common mistakes to avoid when using passive voice?

Common mistakes include overusing passive voice, which can make writing seem dull or evasive. Make sure the subject of your sentence is clear, as sentences with obscured subjects can be confusing. Also, watch out for the correct form of ‘to be’ to match the tense of your sentence.

In what situations is using passive voice considered inappropriate?

Passive voice is typically avoided in writing that requires action and clarity, such as in most forms of academic writing, journalism, and calls to action. It’s also less appropriate when it’s important to know who performed the action.

How does passive voice affect the clarity of writing?

While passive voice can reduce the clarity of writing by shifting the focus away from the subject performing the action, it can also be used intentionally to emphasize the action itself or when the performer is unknown or irrelevant.

What tools can help me check if I’ve used passive voice correctly?

Grammar checking tools like Grammarly can help identify passive constructions. Additionally, word processing software often has built-in grammar checks that can highlight passive voice, allowing you to reconsider its usage.

Ali md shapon

Thursday 11th of January 2024

I think it’s good memory.

Mustapha mohammed lawan

Tuesday 24th of October 2023

It's educating and so Interesting!

Tuesday 6th of December 2022

i am not going to school is it passive?

Friday 8th of July 2022

So confused with this.. difficult to get!

Friday 16th of July 2021

I AM SOOO CONFUSED

hehheheheeheh

The Passive Voice Complete Guide

In this Guide you will learn:

What is the passive voice?

In this example “The house” received the action but it is the subject of this sentence. This is not a common way to express a sentence in English and the passive voice can often sound formal. Keep reading to discover why we use the passive voice. The most common way to explain this sentence is the active voice.

What is the active voice?

So, you can see that in this sentence that “my father” was the actor of the sentence and he is also the subject. ( Subject/Verb/Object)

When to Use the Passive Voice

We use the passive voice for 4 situations, 1. when the subject is unknown.

If we don’t know the subject then we often want to place more emphasis on the action or the person who received the action.

My house was broken into last night.

 2. When the receiver of the action is more important.

The roads were destroyed by the typhoon. (Again the result is more important  because we don’t have roads!)

3. When the subject is obvious.

He was arrested at 6 am.

(It is obvious who collects the rubbish and it is more important that the rubbish was collected)

4 When the doer of the action is people in general.

(The people who accept this situation, in this case, is “everyone”)

Passive Voice Structure

How to form the passive voice, to form the passive voice we use the verb to be + past participle..

You need to use the correct verb tense of the verb to be. So if the sentence is in the future then you need to use will be + past participle.

More examples of the active and passive voice

Active : People play football all around the world.

Passive : The room was cleaned.

You can see from these examples that sometimes it is a good idea to use the passive voice if you follow the reasons why we use the passive voice. If you don’t follow the uses, you make the sentence more complicated than necessary. In fact, sometimes it just doesn’t make any sense in the passive voice.

Can you see how confusing the second sentence is?

Passive Voice Examples for all Tenses

Learn more about the Passive Voice

Asking questions in the passive voice.

Question : Were you collected by the bus driver?

Positive : The pens have been bought.

Common examples in news reports

The Airstrike in Syria is expected to end soon.

Get and the passive voice

In informal English, it is also possible to use get instead of be .

(You can also say” Nobody was hurt”)

He got hit on the head by a golf ball (something happened)

The passive agent, 

How to include the person/thing that does the action in the sentence.

So we learned that the person that does the action is not as important as the person who receives the action. Sometimes, we still want to include this person and hen we do, we use the word by.

The children were brought to school by their mother. 

Active Voice vs Passive Voice: More Practice

Let’s look at some more examples of how the sentences can change from the active voice to the passive voice before we try some exercises.

Exercises on the Active and Passive Voice

Passive Voice (with Examples)

What is the difference between the active voice and the passive voice in English?

Compare these two sentences:

Active = “The doctor gave me a prescription” Passive = “I was given a prescription”

The first sentence is in the “active voice”. The subject is the doctor, and the verb is “gave”. In active sentences, the focus of the sentence is on the subject.

The second sentence is in the “passive voice”. The object of the sentence (“I”) becomes the focus of the sentence.

How to form a passive sentence

1. Firstly, you need to make the object (from the active sentence) into the new subject.

For example, in “John helped me”, “me” is the object. The subject form of “me” is “I”.

Here is a list of objects and subjects:

me – I you – You him / her – He / She us – We them – They

2. Then you make the verb passive.

Put the verb “to be” into the same tense as the verb in the active sentence. For example, in the sentence “John helped me”, “helped” is the past tense. Therefore, you need the past simple tense of the verb “to be”, which is “was” or “were”.

“I was…”

Here’s a list of tenses for the verb “to be”:

Present simple – am / are / is Present continuous – is being / are being Present perfect – has been / have been Simple past – was / were Past continuous – was being / were being Modals will, can etc – will be, can be etc.

3. Then add the past participle of the verb. For example “gave” – “given”, “help” – “helped”

“I was helped by John.” “I was given a prescription by the doctor.”

4. If necessary, you can say who did the action. To do this, add “by” at the end of your sentence. “She was awarded a degree by the University of London .”

When to use the passive voice

As a general rule, speak and write in the active voice. But passive forms can be useful in formal writing (such as scientific reports) when the emphasis is on process and results, rather than on who did the action.

1. To change the focus of a sentence. Sometimes, the object of the sentence is more important than the subject. We can change the focus of the sentence by changing an active sentence into a passive sentence. For example, in the following sentence, the focus is on beautiful designs and colours – not on who creates or chooses them.

“Our beautiful designs are created by a team of experts. The colours are carefully chosen to blend in with the surroundings…”

2. If we don’t know who does an action. “My bicycle has been stolen” – I don’t know who has stolen it.

3. If we don’t want to say who did something. “The lights were left on all night.” (I don’t want to say that you left the lights on.)

4. If it is obvious who does something. “I was given a prescription” – I know that only doctors give prescriptions, so I don’t need to add “by the doctor”. “He was arrested” I know that the police arrest people, so I don’t need to add “by the police”.

Passive or Active?

Decide if the sentence is passive or active.

Your answer:

Correct answer:

Your Answers

Home / English Grammar / How to change Active into Passive Voice in all Tenses Examples

How to change Active into Passive Voice in all Tenses Examples

Explore “How to change Active to Passive Voice in all Tenses Examples” with this guide to enhance your language skills.

Learn to construct sentences in both active and passive forms across various tenses with practical illustrations.

Active to passive voice in all tense structures and examples are crucial for effective communication, for clear expression in English, for various board exams, and competitive exams.

Active and Passive Voice Examples and Structure in all Tenses

Discover the examples and structure of active and passive voice in all tenses to improve your grammar skills.

Here, in this article, we have discussed :

• Active and Passive Voice Structure and Examples in all Present Tenses.
• Active and Passive Voice Structure and Examples in all Past Tenses.
• Active and Passive Voice Structure and Examples in all Future Tenses.

Active and Passive Voice in all Tenses Practice Worksheets

1. active and passive voice change in all present tenses.

Explore the structure and examples of active and passive voice change in all present tenses to enhance your understanding and usage.

a. Simple Present Tenses Active and Passive Voice Change

(i) active voice structure :.

• Active voice object becomes passive voice subject.
• Active voice subject becomes passive voice object.

(ii) Passive Voice Structure:

(iii) Simple Present Tenses Active and Passive Voice Examples:

Study the examples of active and passive voice in the simple present tense. This will help you to learn the process of conversion from active voice to passive voice.

Active: I eat rice. Passive: Rice is eaten by me.

Active: He beats you. Passive: You are beaten by him.

Active: We make noise. Passive: Noise is made by us.

Active: You do the homework. Passive: Homework is done by You

Active: She drives a car. Passive: A car is driven by her.

Active: They play chess. Passive: Chess is played by them.

Active: Ravi recites a poem. Passive: A poem is recited by Ravi.

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b. Present Continuous Tenses Active and Passive Voice Change

(i) active voice structure:.

(iii) Present Continuous Tenses Active and Passive Voice Examples:

Study the examples of active and passive voice in the present continuous present tense. This will help you to learn the process of conversion from active voice to passive voice.

Active: I am eating rice. Passive: Rice is being eaten by me.

Active: He is writing a letter. Passive: A letter is written by him.

Active: We are making noise. Passive: Noise is being made by us.

Active: You are doing the homework. Passive: Homework is being done by You

Active: She is driving a car. Passive: A car is being driven by her.

Active: They are watching a cricket match. Passive: A cricket match is being watched by them.

Active: Ravi is reciting a poem. Passive: A poem is being recited by Ravi.

c. Present Perfect Tenses Active and Passive Voice Change

(iii) Present Perfect Tenses Active and Passive Voice Examples:

Study the examples of active and passive voice in the present perfect tense. This will help you to learn the process of conversion from active voice to passive voice.

Active: I have eaten rice. Passive: Rice has been eaten by me.

Active: He has written a letter. Passive: A letter has been written by him.

Active: We have made mistakes. Passive: Mistakes have been made by us.

Active: You have done your homework. Passive: your homework has been done by you.

Active: She has read a novel. Passive: A novel has been read by her.

Active: They have finished the work. Passive: The work has been finished by them.

Active: Ravi has completed the task. Passive: The task has been completed by Ravi.

d. Present Perfect Continuous Tenses Active and Passive Voice Change

Study the examples of active and passive voice in the present perfect continuous tense. This will help you to learn the process of conversion from active voice to passive voice.

Active: I have been eating rice. Passive: Rice has been being eaten by me.

Active: He has been writing a letter. Passive: A letter has been being written by him.

Active: We have been making mistakes. Passive: Mistakes have been being made by us.

Active: You have been doing your homework. Passive: your homework has been being done by you.

Active: They have been finishing the work. Passive: The work has been being finished by them.

Active: Ravi has been completing the task. Passive: The task has been being completed by Ravi.

2. Active and Passive Voice Change in all Past Tenses

Explore the structure and examples of active and passive voice change in all past tenses to enhance your understanding and usage.

a. Simple Past Tenses Active and Passive Voice Change

(iii) Simple Past Tenses Active and Passive Voice Examples:

Study the examples of active and passive voice in the simple past tense. This will help you to learn the process of conversion from active voice to passive voice.

Active: I ate rice. Passive: Rice was eaten by me.

Active: He rebuked you. Passive: You were rebuked by him.

Active: We made noise. Passive: Noise was made by us.

Active: You did the homework. Passive: Homework was done by You

Active: She drove a car. Passive: A car was driven by her.

Active: They played chess. Passive: Chess was played by them.

Active: Ravi recited a poem. Passive: A poem was recited by Ravi.

b. Past Continuous Tenses Active and Passive Voice Change

(iii) Past Continuous Tenses Active and Passive Voice Examples:

Study the examples of active and passive voice in the past continuous tense. This will help you to learn the process of conversion from active voice to passive voice.

Active: I was eating rice. Passive: Rice was being eaten by me.

Active: We were making noise. Passive: Noise was being made by us.

Active: You were doing the homework. Passive: Homework was being done by You

Active: She was driving a car. Passive: A car was being driven by her.

Active: They were watching a cricket match. Passive: A cricket match was being watched by them.

Active: Ravi was reciting a poem. Passive: A poem was being recited by Ravi.

c. Past Perfect Tenses Active and Passive Voice Change

(iii) Past Perfect Tenses Active and Passive Voice Examples:

Study the examples of active and passive voice in the past perfect tense. This will help you to learn the process of conversion from active voice to passive voice.

Active: I had eaten rice. Passive: Rice had been eaten by me.

Active: We had made mistakes. Passive: Mistakes had been made by us.

Active: You had done your homework. Passive: your homework had been done by you.

Active: She had read a novel. Passive: A novel had been read by her.

Active: They had finished the work. Passive: The work had been finished by them.

Active: Ravi had completed the task. Passive: The task had been completed by Ravi.

d. Past Perfect Continuous Tenses Active and Passive Voice Change

(iii) Past Perfect Continuous Tenses Active and Passive Voice Examples:

Study the examples of active and passive voice in the past perfect continuous tense. This will help you to learn the process of conversion from active voice to passive voice.

Active: I had been eating rice. Passive: Rice had been being eaten by me.

Active: He had been writing a letter. Passive: A letter had been being written by him.

Active: We had been making mistakes. Passive: Mistakes had been being made by us.

Active: You had been doing your homework. Passive: your homework had been being done by you.

Active: They had been finishing the work. Passive: The work had been being finished by them.

Active: Ravi had been completing the task. Passive: The task had been being completed by Ravi.

3. Active and Passive Voice Change in all Future Tenses

Explore the structure and examples of active and passive voice change in all future tenses to enhance your understanding and usage.

a. Simple Future Tenses Active and Passive Voice Change

(iii) Simple Future Tenses Active and Passive Voice Examples:

Study the examples of active and passive voice in the simple future tense. This will help you to learn the process of conversion from active voice to passive voice.

Active: I shall eat rice. Passive: Rice will be eaten by me.

Active: He will rebuke you. Passive: You will be rebuked by him.

Active: We shall make noise. Passive: Noise will be made by us.

Active: You will do the homework. Passive: Homework will be done by You

Active: She will drive a car. Passive: A car will be driven by her.

Active: They will play chess. Passive: Chess will be played by them.

Active: Ravi will recite a poem. Passive: A poem will be recited by Ravi.

b. Future Continuous Tenses Active and Passive Voice Change

(iii) Future Continuous Tenses Active and Passive Voice Examples:

Study the examples of active and passive voice in the future continuous tense. This will help you to learn the process of conversion from active voice to passive voice.

Active: I shall be eating rice. Passive: Rice will be being eaten by me.

Active: He will be writing a letter. Passive: A letter will be written by him.

Active: We shall be making noise. Passive: Noise will be being made by us.

Active: You will be doing the homework. Passive: Homework will be being done by You

Active: She will be driving a car. Passive: A car will be being driven by her.

Active: They will be watching a cricket match. Passive: A cricket match will be being watched by them.

Active: Ravi will be reciting a poem. Passive: A poem will be being recited by Ravi.

c. Future Perfect Tenses Active and Passive Voice Change

(iii) Future Perfect Tenses Active and Passive Voice Examples:

Study the examples of active and passive voice in the future perfect tense. This will help you to learn the process of conversion from active voice to passive voice.

Active: I shall have eaten rice. Passive: Rice will have been eaten by me.

Active: He will have written a letter. Passive: A letter will have been written by him.

Active: We shall have made mistakes. Passive: Mistakes will have been made by us.

Active: You will have done your homework. Passive: Your homework will have been done by you.

Active: She will have read a novel. Passive: A novel will have been read by her.

Active: They will have finished the work. Passive: The work will have been finished by them.

Active: Ravi will have completed the task. Passive: The task will have been completed by Ravi.

d. Future Perfect Continuous Tenses Active and Passive Voice Change

(iii) Future Perfect Continuous Tenses Active and Passive Voice Examples:

Study the examples of active and passive voice in the future perfect continuous tense. This will help you to learn the process of conversion from active voice to passive voice.

Active: I shall have been eating rice. Passive: Rice will have been being eaten by me.

Active: He will have been writing a letter. Passive: A letter will have been being written by him.

Active: We shall have been making mistakes. Passive: Mistakes will have been being made by us.

Active: You will have been doing your homework. Passive: Your homework will have been being done by you.

Active: They will have been finishing the work. Passive: The work will have been being finished by them.

Active: Ravi will have been completing the task. Passive: The task will have been being completed by Ravi.

Learning to use Active and Passive Voice examples across all tenses can greatly improve your writing. By switching between these modes, you can create sentences that fit different situations and highlight various aspects of your message. Practice and trying different approaches are essential to balancing these voices effectively and making them work for you.

FAQs: Active and Passive Voice Examples for All Tenses

Q: what is the active voice a: in active voice, the subject of the sentence performs the action described by the verb. it is more direct and engaging., q: what is the passive voice a: in passive voice, the subject of the sentence receives the action described by the verb, and the doer of the action may be unknown or less important., q: why should i use active voice a: active voice is preferred for its clarity, engagement, and emphasis on the subject as the doer of the action., q: when is passive voice useful a: passive voice is useful when the emphasis is on the action itself, the object, or when the doer is less relevant or unknown., q: how do i convert present simple tense from active to passive.

A: To convert present simple tense, use the structure: Object + Am/Is/Are (conjugated) + Past Participle of the Main Verb + By + Subject (optional). Example: “The chef cooks a delicious meal.” (Active) -> “A delicious meal is cooked by the chef.” (Passive)

Q: Can you provide an example of past continuous tense in passive voice? A: Sure! “They were building a new house.” (Active) -> “A new house was being built by them.” (Passive)

Q: what’s the passive form of the future perfect tense a: to form the passive future perfect tense, use the structure: object + will have + been + past participle of the main verb + by + subject (optional). example: “he will have completed the project by next week.” (active) -> “the project will have been completed by him by next week.” (passive), q: when should i use passive voice in my writing a: passive voice is suitable when you want to shift the focus to the object or the action itself rather than the doer. it can create a more formal tone or be used tactfully in certain situations..

Q: Is it okay to mix active and passive voice in the same paragraph? A: Yes, using a mix of active and passive voice can add variety to your writing and make it more engaging. However, ensure it aligns with the tone and context of your content.

Q: How can I improve my active and passive voice usage? A: Regular practice, reading extensively, and studying grammar rules will enhance your understanding and proficiency in using active and passive voice effectively.

Q: what is the present simple tense in active and passive voice a (active): the chef cooks a delicious meal. a (passive): a delicious meal is cooked by the chef., q: how do you convert sentences from the past simple tense to passive voic e a (active): the team won the championship. a (passive): the championship was won by the team..

Q: Can you provide an example of the future simple tense in both active and passive voice?

A (Active): They will finish the project tomorrow. A (Passive): The project will be finished by them tomorrow.

Q: In the present continuous tense, how do you convert active voice to passive voice?

A (Active): She is painting a beautiful landscape. A (Passive): A beautiful landscape is being painted by her.

Q: How is the past continuous tense formed in passive voice?

A (Active): They were building a new house. A (Passive): A new house was being built by them.

Q: Can you give an example of the future continuous tense in both active and passive voice?

A (Active): He will be watching a movie tonight. A (Passive): A movie will be being watched by him tonight.

Q: Provide an example of the present perfect tense in both active and passive voice.

A (Active): She has written a letter. A (Passive): A letter has been written by her.

Q: How do you convert sentences from the past perfect tense to passive voice?

A (Active): They had finished the work before the deadline. A (Passive): The work had been finished by them before the deadline.

Q: Show an example of the future perfect tense in both active and passive voice.

A (Active): He will have completed the project by next week. A (Passive): The project will have been completed by him by next week.

Q: When should I use active voice over passive voice in my writing? A: Use active voice when you want to emphasize the subject and make the sentence more direct and engaging. Use passive voice when the emphasis is on the action or when the doer of the action is less important or unknown.

Q: is one voice better than the other for all tenses a: both active and passive voice have their uses depending on the context and emphasis you want to convey. choose the voice that best suits the tone and clarity of your message., q: how can i practice using active and passive voice in all tenses a: practice by converting sentences from active to passive voice and vice versa in various tenses. use writing exercises and read extensively to identify different voice constructions in published works., q: are there instances where passive voice is preferred over active voice a: yes, in scientific, technical, or legal writing, passive voice is commonly used to maintain objectivity and focus on the action itself rather than the doer., q: can i switch between active and passive voice within the same paragraph or text a: yes, mixing active and passive voice can add variety and engagement to your writing. however, ensure that the switches are smooth and do not cause confusion for the reader..

After learning the above Active and Passive Voice in all Tenses , you must test your knowledge. So, attempt the following Active and Passive Voice in all Tenses Practice Worksheets .

Worksheet 1:

A. change the voice of the following sentences in simple present tense s.

1. She reads books every day. 2. They play soccer every weekend. 3. He does not write letters regularly. 4. We do not attend meetings on Mondays. 5. Do you watch TV in the evening? 6. Does the teacher explain the lesson clearly? 7. Does she not visit her grandmother every Sunday? 8. Do the students not complete their homework on time?

1. I see pictures. 2. The boy is catching a bird. 3. He has been doing the job. 4. We fed them. 5. He was requesting Bimal. 6. I had called him before he awoke. 7. The boy will kick the ball. 8. He will be doing the work. 9. Children like fruits. 10. Lionel Messi scored the goal.

Worksheet 2:

B. change the voice of the following sentences in present continuous tenses.

1. She is reading a book. 2. They are playing soccer. 3. He is not writing a letter. 4. We are not attending the meeting. 5. Are you watching TV? 6. Is the teacher explaining the lesson? 7. Is she not visiting her grandmother? 8. Are the students not completing their assignments?

Worksheet 3:

C. change the voice of the following sentences in present perfect tenses.

1. She has read the book. 2. They have finished their homework. 3. He has not written the report. 4. We have not visited the museum. 5. Have you watched the movie? 6. Has the teacher given the assignment? 7. Has she not completed the project? 8. Have the students not studied for the test?

Worksheet 4:

D. change the voice of the following sentences in present perfect continuous tenses.

1. She has been studying English for two hours. 2. They have been playing football since morning. 3. He has not been working on the project lately. 4. We have not been practicing the piano every day. 5. Have you been waiting for long? 6. Has the team been training hard for the competition? 7. Has she not been attending classes regularly? 8. Have the children not been playing outside all day?

Worksheet 5:

E. change the voice of the following sentences in simple past tenses.

1. She completed the project ahead of schedule. 2. They visited Paris last summer. 3. He did not finish his homework on time. 4. We did not go to the party yesterday. 5. Did she attend the meeting yesterday? 6. Did they travel to Europe last year? 7. Did he not submit the report by the deadline? 8. Did they not invite you to their wedding?

Worksheet 6:

F. change the voice of the following sentences in past continuous tenses.

1. She was reading a book when I called her. 2. They were playing soccer in the park yesterday. 3. He was not studying when the teacher entered the classroom. 4. We were not watching TV at 8 PM last night. 5. Was she cooking dinner when you arrived? 6. Were the students studying for the exam yesterday? 7. Was he not working on the project when you checked? 8. Were they not playing outside when it started raining?

Worksheet 7:

G. change the voice of the following sentences in past perfect tenses.

1. She had completed her assignment before the deadline. 2. They had already left when I arrived at the party. 3. He had not finished his chores before dinner. 4. We had not seen that movie before last weekend. 5. Had she finished her presentation by the time the clients arrived? 6. Had they left for vacation before you called them? 7. Had he not completed the project before the meeting started? 8. Had they not informed you about the change in plans before you arrived?

Worksheet 8:

H. change the voice of the following sentences in past perfect continuous tenses.

1. She had been studying English for two hours before the exam. 2. They had been playing tennis all morning when it started raining. 3. He had not been working on the project for long before he decided to take a break. 4. We had not been waiting at the restaurant for more than 20 minutes before our friends arrived. 5. Had she been waiting for you for a long time when you finally arrived? 6. Had they been practicing the dance routine before the performance? 7. Had he not been studying for the test for hours before he realized the time? 8. Had they not been discussing the proposal before the manager interrupted them?

Worksheet 9:

I. change the voice of the following sentences in simple future tenses.

1. She will complete the project by tomorrow evening. 2. They are going to visit their grandparents next weekend. 3. He will not attend the meeting tomorrow morning. 4. We are not going to travel abroad next month. 5. Will she finish her assignment before the deadline? 6. Are they going to celebrate their anniversary next week? 7. Will he not join us for dinner tonight? 8. Are they not planning to move to a new city next year?

Worksheet 10:

J. change the voice of the following sentences in future continuous tenses.

1. She will be studying for her exam all day tomorrow. 2. They will be playing soccer at the park this time next week. 3. He will not be working on the project during the weekend. 4. We will not be attending the conference next month. 5. Will she be waiting for you when you arrive? 6. Will they be traveling to Europe this summer? 7. Will he not be joining us for the meeting tomorrow? 8. Will they not be attending the wedding ceremony next weekend?

Worksheet 11:

K. change the voice of the following sentences in future perfect tenses.

1. She will have completed the project by the end of this month. 2. They will have finished their exams by the time summer starts. 3. He will not have finished reading the book by tomorrow. 4. We will not have achieved our goals by the end of the year. 5. Will she have prepared dinner by the time you get home? 6. Will they have reached the summit by sunset? 7. Will he not have completed the report by the deadline? 8. Will they not have finished painting the house by next weekend?

Worksheet 12:

L. change the voice of the following sentences in future perfect continuous tenses.

1. She will have been studying English for two hours by the time you arrive. 2. They will have been working on the project for several weeks by the deadline. 3. He will not have been waiting for you for long when you finally arrive. 4. We will not have been living in this city for ten years by next month. 5. Will she have been waiting for you for a long time when you arrive? 6. Will they have been practicing the presentation all morning by the time the clients arrive? 7. Will he not have been working on the assignment for hours when you check on him? 8. Will they not have been discussing the strategy all afternoon by the time the meeting starts?

Worksheet 13:

M. change the voice of the following sentences mixed tenses, related posts:.

ReadLearnExcel

English grammar: active & passive voices with examples of 12 tenses.

• Active: The teacher explains the lesson.
• Passive: The lesson is explained by the teacher.
• Active: The chef is cooking a delicious meal.
• Passive: A delicious meal is being cooked by the chef.
• Active: Mahi solved the puzzle.
• Passive: The puzzle was solved by Mahi.
• Active: They have built a new bridge.
• Passive: A new bridge has been built by them.
• Active: The team will complete the project.
• Passive: The project will be completed by the team.

Table of Contents

Tips and Tricks to Help you Master the Skill of Changing Voices

Changing from active voice to passive voice can be challenging for some learners, but with practice and understanding of the rules, it becomes easier. Here are some tips and tricks to help you master the skill of changing voices:

• Recognize who or what is performing the action (subject), what the action is (verb), and who or what is receiving the action (object) in the active sentence.
• The passive voice is formed using a form of the verb “to be” (am, is, are, was, were, will be, etc.) along with the past participle of the main verb.
• In a passive construction, the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence. The subject of the active sentence becomes the agent (or is omitted).
• Pay attention to the tense of the active sentence and maintain the same tense in the passive voice. Use the appropriate form of “to be” according to the tense.
• Change pronouns accordingly. For example, “he” in the active voice becomes “him” or “he” in the passive voice.
• In some cases, you might omit the agent (the one performing the action) in the passive voice, especially if it’s not crucial or known.
• The more you practice, the more comfortable you’ll become with recognizing when and how to change the voice.
• Not all sentences can be converted to the passive voice, especially those with intransitive verbs that do not have a direct object.
• Think about the context and what information is essential. Sometimes, the active voice may be more appropriate for conveying the intended meaning.
• Study various examples of active and passive sentences to understand how different sentence structures can be transformed.

Common Mistakes in Changing Voices:

• Forgetting to include “by” in passive sentences.
• Changing the tense incorrectly while transforming.
• Misplacing the subject and object in passive constructions.

How to Get Full Marks in Voices:

• Clearly understand the tense and structure required.
• Pay attention to the correct use of auxiliary verbs.
• Maintain consistency in the transformation throughout the passage.

Sentences (Active and Passive):

• The mouse was chased by the cat. (Passive)
• A novel is being written by her. (Passive)
• The car was repaired by them. (Passive)
• The village was destroyed by the storm. (Passive)
• English is spoken globally by people. (Passive)

What are active and passive voices? What are their different functions?

Sentence 1. Ram solved the question paper.

Sentence 2. The question paper was solved by Ram.

In sentence 1, the structure of the sentence is clear and straightforward. Here, the subject is “Ram”. It needs an object, “the question paper”.  Here, the subject is “Ram”. It needs an object, “the question paper.” Let us note the position of the subject and object in the first sentence; it is done in sentence 2, where the position of the subject and object are interchanged. In sentence 2, the number of words is increased as compared to sentence 1, and it seems detached and awkward. Both active and passive voices are appropriate in different conditions. In certain circumstances, the active voice is appropriate, while in other situations, the passive voice plays an important role.

In active voice, the subject of the sentence acts, and in passive voice, the subject receives the action. Let us understand the definition of voices with an example:

7 Rules to change active voice into passive voice in English grammar.

Note the change from active voice to passive voice in the following sentences:

Here are some active and passive voice examples to help!

Active Voice: She passed the examination.

Passive Voice: The examination was passed by her.

Active Voice: He sings a song.

Passive Voice: A song is sung by him.

Active Voice: Who did this act of cowardice?

Passive Voice: By whom was  this act of cowardice done?

Active Voice: She will finish her dinner in five minutes.

Passive Voice: Her dinner will be finished in five minutes by her.

7 Rules to change active into passive voice in English grammar

After analysing the above sentences, we derived some rules to follow while changing active into passive voice.

Rule 1. Subject of Active Voice is changed into object in Passive Voice. ( ‘She’ becomes object and converted into ‘her’)

Rule 2. The object of the transitive verb in the active voice becomes the subject in passive voice. ( In first sentence, the object’examination’ becomes subject in passive voice.)

Rule 3. Add ‘by’ in passive voice before object.( ‘by’ is added before object in passive voice)

Rule 4. Tense is not changed in voices, as we see in direct and indirect.

Rule 5. The sense of the sentence is not changed. ( Interrogative will remain interrgative in passive voice)

Rule 6. S+V+O is changed into O+V+S in passive voice.

Rule 7. Some time the subject is missing in passive form and it should be assumed. ( The order is passed–Passive voice without object or assume- The Police passes the order. )

Rule 8. Pronouns are changed into active and passive voices in English grammar.

Nominative Pronouns of active voice are changed into Objective Pronouns in passive voice.

ReadLearnExcel English Grammar:

• 12 Tenses in English Grammar: The Beginning of the English Learning Language 
• English Grammar: Active and Passive Voices with Examples of 12 Tenses 
• Direct and Indirect Speech: Steps & Rules to Change Narration
• Modal Auxiliaries for all Classes: PDF
• Articles in English: The Beginning of Learning English Grammar PDF
• Articles in English: The Beginning of Learning English Grammar

Active & Passive Voices with Examples of 12 Tenses

The proper verb tense must be followed by the past participle to form the passive voice.

Rule 1. Active & Passive Voices with Examples of Present Indefinite Tense

The passive voice in the present indefinite uses the verbs is, am, and are + the past participle of the main verb.

Present Indefinite Tense: S+V1+O

Active Voice:  V1 with ‘s’ or ‘es’

Passive Voice: is/am/are + V3

Active Voice: She plays hockey.

Passive Voice: Hockey is played by her.

Active Voice: Soldiers fight wars.

Passive Voice: Wars are fought by soliders.

Active Voice: He teaches us English

Passive Voice: English is taught to us by him. or We are taught English by him.

Active Voice: We like apples.

Passive Voice: Apples are liked by us.

Active & Passive Voices with Examples of 12 Tenses Chart

Rule 2. Active & Passive Voices with Examples of Present Continuous Tense

The passive voice in the present continuous uses the verbs is, am, and are +being+ the past participle of the main verb.

The Present Continuous Tense: S+IS/AM/ARE+V1+ING+O

Active Voice:  is/am/are+V1+ING+O

Passive Voice: is/am/are +BEING+ V3

Active Voice: Sita is writing a letter.

Passive Voice: A letter is being written by Sita.

Active Voice: A nurse is dressing his wounds.

Passive Voice: His wounds are being dressed by a nurse.

Active Voice: He is teaching us English.

Passive Voice: We are being taught English by him. or English is being taught to us by him.

Active Voice: They are playing football.

Passive Voice: Football is being played by them.

Rule 3. Active & Passive Voices with Examples of Present Perfect Tense

The passive voice in the present perfect uses the verbs has/have+V3+ the past participle of the main verb.

The Present Perfect Tense: S+HAS/HAVE+V3+O

Active Voice:  S+HAS/HAVE+V3+O

Passive Voice:  HAS/HAVE+BEEN+V3

Active Voice : Someone has stolen my pen.

Passive Voice: My pen has been stolen by someone.

Rule 4. Active & Passive Voices with Examples of Past Indefinite Tense

The passive voice in the past indefinite uses the verbs was/were+played(V3) the past participle of the main verb.

Past Indefinite Tense: S+V2+O

Active Voice: S+V2+O

Passive Voice: Was/were+V3

Active Voice: Who broke this cup ?

Passive Voice: By whom this cup was broken?

Active Voice: When did you buy it ?

Passive Voice: When  was it bought by you?

Rule 5. Active & Passive Voices with Examples of Past Continuous Tense

The passive voice in the past contnuous uses the verbs was/were+being+played(V3), the past participle of the main verb.

Past Contnuous Tense: S+WAS/WERE+VI+ING+O

Active Voice: S+WAS/WERE+VI+ING+O

Passive Voice: was/were+being+played(V3)

Active Voice:   She was plying football.

Passive Voice: Football was being played by her.

Rule 6. Active & Passive Voices with Examples of Past Perfect Tense

The passive voice in the past contnuous uses the verbs Had +Been+V3  the past participle of the main verb.

Past Perfect Tense: S+HAD+V3

Active Voice: S+HAD+V3

Passive Voice: Had +Been+V3

Active Voice: They had finished their homework.

Passive Voice: Their homework had been finished by them.

Rule 7. Active & Passive Voices with Examples of Future Indefinite Tense

The passive voice in the past contnuous uses the verbs  Will/shall+Be+V3, the past participle of the main verb.

Future Indefinite: S+WILL/SHALL+O

Active Voice: S+WILL/SHALL+O

Passive Voice: Will/shall+Be+V3

Active Voice: She will attend the class.

Passive Voice: The class will be attended by her.

Rule 8. Active & Passive Voices with Examples of Future Perfect Tense

The passive voice in the past contnuous uses the verbs Will/shall+have+been+V3 , the past participle of the main verb.

Future Perfect Tense: S+WILL/SHALL+HAVE+V3+O

Active Voice: S+WILL/SHALL+HAVE+V3+O

Passive Voice: Will/shall+have+been+V3

Active Voice: You will have done your homework.

Passive Voice: Your homework will have been done by you.

Rule 9. The following tenses are not changed into passive voice:

• Present Perfect Continuous Tense
• Past Perfect Continuous Tense
• Future Continuous Tense
• Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Rule 10. Active & Passive Voices with Examples of can/may/must

The passive voice in the past contnuous uses the verbs Can/may/must+Be+V3, the past participle of the main verb.

Active Voice: You can  solve this sum.

Passive Voice: This sum can be solved by you.

Rule 11. Active & Passive Voices of Interrogative Sentences with Examples 

Keep the following points in mind before changing the passive voice of interrogative sentences:

• In the passive voice, interrogative sentences will remain interrogative.
• Always keep helping verbs before the subject.
• Tenses will be changed as discussed before.

Active Voice: Does she like you?

Passive Voice: Are you liked by her?

Active Voice: Who will win the elections ?

Passive Voice: By whom will the election be won?

Passive Voice: By Whom was this cup broken?

Passive Voice: When were you bought it?

Active Voice: Do you like coffee ?

Passive Voice: Is coffee liked by you?

Active Voice: Could you solve this sum ?

Passive Voice: Could this sum be solved by you?

Rule 12. Active & Passive Voices of Sentences having Preposition Examples 

Prepositions in the active voice will be used in the passive voice and ‘by’ will be used with prepositions.

Active Voice: He knocked at the door.

Passive Voice: The door was knocked at by him.

Active Voice: The students were listening to the teacher.

Passive Voice: The teacher was being listened to by the students.

Rule 13. Active & Passive Voices of Imperative Sentences with Examples 

Order, request,please, and advice come under imperative sentences and they are changed as “You are ordered”; “you are requested”; and “you are advised”; and the passive voice is converted with the help of “to”.

Active Voice: Do your duty.

Passive Voice: You are ordered to do your duty.

Active Voice: Please help me.

Passive Voice: You are requested to help me.

Active Voice: Open the door.

Passive Voice: Let the door be opened.

Active Voice: Let me do me my work.

Passive Voice: Let my work be done by me.

Rule 14. Active & Passive Voices containing Prepositions with Examples 

Active Voice: She was listening to the music.

Passive Voice: Music was being listened to by her.

Active Voice: He talked to me.

Passive Voice: I was talked to by him.

Rule 15. Active & Passive Voices containing both Object and Object Complement with Examples 

Active Voice: They elected him President.

Passive Voice: He was elected President by them.

Rule 16. Active & Passive Voices of infinitives with Examples 

Active Voice: You have to pay the money.

Passive Voice : The money has to be paid by you.

Rule 17. Active & Passive Voices Beginning with “It is time to……” with Examples 

Active Voice: It is time to say prayer.

Passive Voice: It is time for the prayer to be said.

Rule 18. Active & Passive Voices Having two objects with Examples 

Active Voice: She gave me a book.

Passive Voice: I was given a book by her. or A book was given to me by her.

Rule 19. Active & Passive Voices of special types with Examples 

Active Voice: Rose smells sweet.

Passive Voice: Rose is sweet when it is smelt.

Active Voice: Sit down.

Passive Voice: Be seated.

Active Voice: Your car needs repairing.

Passive Voice : Your car needs to be repaired.

Active Voice: I hope to meet you.

Passive Voice: It is hoped that I shall meet you.

Active & Passive Voices Exercises for Students

Change the voices of the following sentences INTO PASSIVE VOICES  of HBSE Class 12 English Previous Years’ Question Papers:

HBSE 2017 CLASS 12 ENGLISH

•  The typist had typed four letters.
• Sita is writing a letter.
•  Who broke this cup ?
•  Seeta writes a letter.
• A nurse is dressing his wounds.
•  Who will win the elections ?
•  When did you buy it ?
•  Do not insult your elders.
• The thief has been caught
•  Rajni sang a song.
•  Do you like coffee ?
•  The road was repaired.

HBSE 2018 CLASS 12 ENGLISH

•  Who will pay the bill ?
•  Someone has stolen my pen.
•  They play handball.i) He killed a snake.
• I can answer the question.
• He must fill in the form.i) Has he done his work.
• This mango tastes great.
• Someone types the letters2019i) He encourages me.
• Please come soon.
• It is impossible to do.
• I would like someone to help me.
• I don’t know the answer.
• Don’t stay here.i) There is nothing to lose.
• Shall I eat the fruit ?
• The fruit tastes sweet
• Ganesh lifted the cat.
• Do the work.
• Then they put it on the table
• Active: The typist had typed four letters.
• Passive: Four letters had been typed by the typist.
• Active: Sita is writing a letter.
• Passive: A letter is being written by Sita.
• Active: Who broke this cup?
• Passive: Was this cup broken by?
• Active: Seeta writes a letter.
• Passive: A letter is written by Seeta.
• Active: A nurse is dressing his wounds.
• Passive: His wounds are being dressed by a nurse.
• Active: Who will win the elections?
• Passive: Will the elections be won by?
• Active: When did you buy it?
• Passive: When was it bought by you?
• Active: Do not insult your elders.
• Passive: Elders should not be insulted.
• Active: The thief has been caught.
• Passive: Has the thief been caught?
• Active: Rajni sang a song.
• Passive: A song was sung by Rajni.
• Active: Do you like coffee?
• Passive: Is coffee liked by you?
• Active: The road was repaired.
• Passive: Was the road repaired?
• Active: Who will pay the bill?
• Passive: Will the bill be paid by?
• Active: Someone has stolen my pen.
• Passive: Has my pen been stolen by someone?
• Active: They play handball.
• Passive: Is handball played by them?
• Active: He killed a snake.
• Passive: A snake was killed by him.
• Active: I can answer the question.
• Passive: Can the question be answered by me?
• Active: He must fill in the form.
• Passive: Must the form be filled in by him?
• Active: Has he done his work?
• Passive: Has his work been done by him?
• Active: This mango tastes great.
• Passive: Is great taste found in this mango?
• Active: Someone types the letters.
• Passive: Are the letters typed by someone?

To be continued…

HBSE 2019 CLASS 12 ENGLISH

• The thief stole a number of things.
• When will he return your money ?
• Kindly call in the doctor.
• People play cricket all over the world.
• Do not waste your time.
• He might have saved your life.
• It is impossible to do it.
• How did you cross the road ?
• I take tea every morning.
•  Where did they see you ?
• Could you solve this sum ?
• Summon the peon.

ReadLearnExcel Tip: Active and Passive Voice

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Passive Voice (Present Perfect and Past Perfect)

The Passive Voice is a grammatical structure in which the Object of an Active Voice sentence becomes the Subject and is acted upon by the verb.

Here the action becomes important, rather than the doer of the action. Usually brought into use when the Subject is anonymous or unimportant.

·    My car was stolen.

·   Kashmir is known for its apples.

·   Twenty army men were killed in a landmine explosion, last night.

There are two basic rules to be followed for converting sentences from Active to Passive Voice, which are common for all tenses.

1. Subject and Object positions are inter-changed.

2. Only third form of the Verb (Past Participle) is used as the main form of Verb in a Passive voice sentence.

Now, we come specifically to the rules to be followed for converting an Active Voice sentence in Present and Past Continuous Tense.

The Rules for using Auxiliary Verb are different for each tense in Passive Voice sentences.

Rules for Converting Active Voice to Passive Voice in case of Present Perfect.

Active Voice Structure:   Subject + has/have +Past Participle of the Verb+ Object.

Passive Voice Structure: Object of the active Voice sentence+ has/have+ been+past participle of the Verb +by+ Subject of the Active Voice sentence.

Active:                 I have written a novel.

Passive:                A novel has been written by me.

Active:                  He has broken all rules.

Passive :               All rules have been broken by him.

In case of Negative sentences:

Active:                  She has not done any wrong.

Passive:               No wrong has been done by her.

Active:                  I have not received the letter.

Passive:               The letter has not been received by her.

In case of Interrogative sentences:

·          If the Active Voice starts with a question, the Passive Voice also follows suit.

Active:                   Have you done your homework?

Passive :               Has the homework been done by you?

·          If the Active Voice starts with words like ‘When’, ‘where’, ‘which’, ‘why’, the Passive Voice sentence also does the same.

Active :  Why have you not told the truth?

Passive : Why has the truth not been told by you?

·          If the Active Voice starts with ‘Who’ or ‘Whose’, the Passive Voice becomes ‘By Whom’ or ‘By Whose’.

Active: Who has broken the window?

Passive : BY whom has the window been broken?

·          If the Active Voice starts with ‘Whom’, Passive Voice starts with ‘Who’.

Active: Whom have you celled up?

Passive : Who has been called by you?

Rules for Converting Active Voice to Passive Voice in case of Past Perfect.

Active Voice Structure :  Subject + had +Past Participle of the Verb+ Object.

Passive Voice Structure :  Object of the active Voice sentence+ had+ been + past participle of the Verb + by + Subject of the Active Voice sentence.

Active:                  I had finished the project.

Passive:                The project had been finished by me.

Active:                  He had given a speech.

Passive :               A speech had been given by him.

Active:                  I had never faced such wrath.

Passive:               Such wrath had never been faced by me.

Active:                  She had not received the telegram.

Passive:               The telegram had not been received by her.

·     If the Active Voice starts with a question, the Passive Voice also follows suit.

Active:                  Had she called them?

Passive:               Had they been called by her?

Active:                  Had he written the letter?

Passive:               Had the letter been written by him?

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English Grammar and Composition

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Passive Voice – Free Exercise

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the passive.

• I don’t have to buy the paper because it (deliver)     to our house every day. simple present (signal: every day ) 3 rd person singular: is + past participle
• When Kylie went to school, she (pick up)     by her parents every day. simple past (signal: went ) 3 rd person singular: was + past participle
• You don’t have to clean the bathroom. It (clean/already)     by someone else. present perfect (signal: already, first clause in simple present) 3 rd person singular: has + adverb + been + past participle
• Relax! From now on, I promise that everything (do)     for you. will future (signal: from now on, I promise ) will be + past participle irregular verb: do-did-done
• When I came home, dinner (cook/not)     yet. past perfect (signal: yet, first clause in simple past) had been + past participle

Rewrite the sentences in the passive voice. Use the same tense as in the active sentence. Only use by if necessary.

• They offer free trials twice a year. simple present 3 rd person plural: are + past participle Do not include the agent when it is unknown/unimportant/obvious.   twice a year.
• Someone is cutting the grass next door. present progressive 3 rd person singular: is being + past participle irregular verb: cut-cut-cut Do not include the agent when it is unknown/unimportant/obvious.   next door.
• All parties have signed the contract. present perfect 3 rd person singular: has been + past participle Use by to introduce the agent.   .
• A car hit the traffic light. simple past 3 rd person singular: was + past participle irregular verb: hit-hit-hit Use by to introduce the agent.   .

Rewrite the sentences in two ways: once in the impersonal passive and once in the personal passive.

• Visitors say that these museums have wonderful exhibits. It   these museums have wonderful exhibits. it is + participle of reporting verb + that irregular verb: say-said-said These museums   wonderful exhibits. reporting verb: say (simple present) → subject (3 rd person plural) + are + participle of reporting verb + main verb infinitive: to have irregular verb: say-said-said
• Everybody agrees that this sculpture is the artist’s greatest work. It   this sculpture is the artist’s greatest work. it is + participle of reporting verb + that This sculpture   the artist’s greatest work. reporting verb: agrees (simple present) subject (3 rd person singular) + is + participle of reporting verb + main verb infinitive: to be
• Experts assume that the diamond is priceless. It   the diamond is priceless. it is + participle of reporting verb + that The diamond   priceless. reporting verb: assume → subject (3 rd person singular) + is + participle of reporting verb + main verb infinitive: to be
• Experts believe that this jewellery belonged to Cleopatra. It   this jewellery belonged to Cleopatra. it is + participle of reporting verb + that This jewellery   to Cleopatra. reporting verb: believe (simple present) → subject (3 rd person singular) + is + participle of reporting verb + main verb perfect infinitive: to have belonged Use the perfect infinitive when the active main verb is in the past.

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📝 Author: Hilary

📅 Published: August 31, 2023 08:51am

🎈 Updated On: May 26, 2024 15:22pm

💬 3733 words ▪️ ⏳ Reading Time 19 min

📥 Download 12.3 Mb ▪️ 👓 Read Transcript

English grammar passive voice: The secret weapon you never knew you needed.

Have you ever been puzzled by the passive voice? Do you wonder why native English speakers use it so frequently in everyday conversation? Say hello to the ultimate guide that'll unravel all the intricacies of the #passivevoice in English!

Here's Why This Lesson Is a Game-Changer:

• 💡 Clarity: Breaks down what passive voice is, how to construct it, and why it’s so darn important.
• 🎯 Real-world Examples: Helps you understand when and where passive voice is commonly used—like in news reporting, politics, and scientific studies.
• 🤔 Quiz Time: Provides a thorough quiz at the end of the lesson to help you test your mastery.
• 🎧 Replay Value: Complex topic made simple! Listen a few times, and you'll get the hang of it.
• 👋 Instructor-led: Led by Hilary, a seasoned expert from Adept English, guiding you every step of the way.
• 📚 Multi-Tense Coverage: Tackles passive voice across all tenses, so you get a complete understanding.

The passive voice is safe. ⭐ William Zinsser, from: On Writing Well

✔Lesson transcript: https://adeptenglish.com/lessons/grammar-english-understanding-passive-voice/

In today's lesson, we'll dig deep into the passive voice-a trick of the trade that even 82% of our listeners wanted to know more about! This isn't just some grammar rule that collects dust in academic textbooks; people use it in everyday conversations, news reports, and even in science journals. We'll not only show you what it is, but how to construct it, flip it, and master it across all tenses.

Oh, and for those who think they're already experts? Buckle up! We've got a 'Passive Voice Quiz' that might just humble you a bit. It's practice made perfect! Don't let your #englishlearning hit a snag. Discover how to confidently use passive voice and sound more like a native speaker. This lesson is not just a one-time listen; it's your long-term English companion!

Your grammar is a reflection of your image. Good or bad, you have made an impression. And like all impressions, you are in total control. ⭐ Jeffrey Gitomer

So, are you in or are you out? Dive into this lesson, and elevate your English skills like never before! 📌 Visit adeptenglish.com for this lesson and hundreds more! 👇 Don't Forget to Share & Review! 🌟

More About This Lesson

Unlock the mysteries of the passive voice with Adept English! Our latest podcast dives deep into learning this crucial aspect of English. Perfect for learners interested in British English, the lesson offers a hands-on quiz and uses real-world examples to make your learning stick.

Don’t let the noise of others' opinions drown out your own inner voice. ⭐ Steve Jobs

Things you will learn listening to this English grammar lesson:, you will discover:

• Introduction of Passive Voice Topic: Sets clear expectations for what the lesson will cover.
• Real-World Usage of Passive Voice: Highlights that native speakers use it in daily conversations.
• Explanation of Passive Voice: Clearly defines what it is and how to construct it.
• Quiz Mention: Adds an interactive element for self-assessment.
• Active vs Passive Voice: Demonstrates the difference with simple, relatable sentences.
• Use Cases in Different Fields: Shares how scientists, teachers, and reporters use passive voice.
• Detailed Examples: Walks through sentence structure in both active and passive forms.
• Tense Coverage: Comprehensive review of passive voice in various tenses.
• Quiz: Opportunity for practical application and reinforcement.
• Answers to Quiz: Instant feedback to help learners gauge their understanding.
• Encouragement for Repetition: Stresses the importance of repeat listening for mastery.
• Sign-off & Additional Resources: Directs listeners to where they can find more lessons.
• Deep Understanding : Don't just learn the basics. We dissect passive voice across all tenses.
• Active Engagement : Our Passive Voice Quiz lets you test your knowledge on the spot.
• Real-world Use : See how the passive voice works in daily life, from conversations to scientific papers.

Become Fluent Faster: Sharpen your English skills effortlessly by tuning into easy-to-follow explanations and real-world examples.

• Why Master Passive Voice : Many learners struggle with it, but native speakers use it often.
• Quiz for Hands-On Learning : Test what you've learned with our interactive quiz.
• From Basic to Expert : We take you step-by-step, making the complex simple.
• Solve Your Fears : We tackle common worries about using the passive voice, offering solutions for each.

Grammar is the logic of speech, even as logic is the grammar of reason. ⭐ Richard C. Trench

Repeat and Retain : Listen multiple times for deep learning that sticks.

• Don't Get Lost in Conversation : Master passive voice to understand native speakers with ease.
• Be Test-Ready : Our quiz prepares you for any language test that covers the passive voice.
• Speak with Confidence : Know when and how to use each voice when you speak.

Ready to turn your English up a notch? Don't miss out on this game-changing lesson. Plug in your earphones and let's crack the code of passive voice together! Unlock the keys to fluent conversation. Learn the ins and outs of passive voice today! #FluentInEnglish

Imagine you're a musician, fine-tuning your instrument. The passive voice in English is like that elusive note—hard to pin down but essential for the full symphony of language. This English lesson is your musical score, guiding you through the composition of sentences. It equips you with the tools to create a compelling linguistic masterpiece, toggling between the active and passive voice like a maestro wielding his baton. This isn't just English; it's your orchestrated English life! Dive deep, practice with the interactive quiz, and master this crucial note in your language repertoire.

• What is the main goal of the lesson on passive voice? The main goal of the lesson is to enhance your English fluency by diving deep into the construction and usage of the passive voice. It breaks down its different tenses and offers a quiz for hands-on practice.
• Why is it important to understand passive voice when learning British English? Understanding passive voice matters because native speakers use it frequently, even in casual conversations. Mastering this concept enriches your comprehension of British English, allowing you to engage more naturally in various settings.
• How does the podcast quiz contribute to my understanding of passive voice? The quiz serves as a practical exercise to test your grasp of the passive voice across different tenses. It reinforces your learning, making it easier for you to use the passive voice accurately.
• Does the passive voice hold any real-world applications? Absolutely. Passive voice is commonly used in science, news reporting, and politics to shift focus from the "doer" to the action or outcome. For example, instead of saying "Scientists fed rats Omega-3 supplements," you'd hear "Rats were fed Omega-3 supplements."
• What tenses are covered when discussing the passive voice? The lesson provides comprehensive coverage of all major English tenses in passive voice, from simple present to future perfect. The goal here is to familiarize you with how the passive voice works across different tenses.
• Podcast : An online audio show you can listen to.
• Construct : To build or make something.
• Norm : A rule or standard that most people follow.
• Adjective : A word that describes a noun (like "big" or "happy").
• Tenses : Different forms of verbs that show when an action happens.
• Quiz : A short test to check what you know.
• Evasive : Not clear or direct, often on purpose.
• Mechanics : How something works or the rules of how something is done.
• Diplomatic : Skilled in dealing with people and not causing offence.
• Recap : A quick review or summary of what has been said or done.

Transcript: Your Essential Guide to Passive Voice

Hi there. Remember the podcast I did on sentence structure recently - and word order? It was podcast 669 - very recent. Well, we did a Spotify poll and 82% of you said you’d like a whole podcast on the passive voice. So ‘no time like the present’ as we say in English - here it is! Did you know that native English speakers use the passive voice a lot, even in casual conversations? Surprised? Well, it’s not just used in formal speech or written English. Stick around, because today we're going to cover passive voice thoroughly and practise using it, in all of its tenses!

One language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way. ⭐ Frank Smith

I’ll explain what the passive voice is - and how to construct it. I’ll talk about why and where it’s used. And for everyone, but especially the 6% of you, who said they knew the passive voice well enough - listen to the end of this podcast and use my ‘Passive Voice Quiz’ to test how well you know it. The quiz will test that you know the different tenses in the passive voice. It’s good to practise!

Hello, I’m Hilary, and you’re listening to Adept English. We will help you to speak English fluently . All you have to do is listen . So start listening now and find out how it works.

Don’t forget what else Adept English offers!

Don’t forget - if you like our podcasts, there are hundreds more on our website at adeptenglish.com, including many more grammar podcasts. And of course you can always buy our podcast downloads too. Just go to the Courses page to see what we offer. And if you’re on Spotify, don’t forget that you can help Adept English by sharing this podcast. I’m sure you know someone else who’d like to learn the passive voice.

So, most sentences in English are in the ‘active voice’ - that’s the norm. The word ‘active’, ACTIVE as an adjective means you’re ‘busy, full of action, always doing things’. And by contrast, the word ‘passive’, PASSIVE as an adjective means ‘you sit back, allow things to be done to you, wait and see what happens’. That’s ‘passive’. So if you’re the subject of the sentence and the verb is in active voice - you’re the one doing the action - ‘I hugged my daughter’. But if you’re the subject of the sentence in passive voice, you’re being acted upon - ‘I was hugged by my daughter’. Makes sense, doesn’t it?

So passive voice came up when I was talking in podcast 669 about word order and how in statements, it’s usually Subject-Verb-Object. ‘The dog chased the cat’. ‘I ate the apple’. ‘Millions of people watched the film’. So in those active voice sentences, the subject, the one doing the action comes first, then the verb, then the object - the thing that the action is being done to. But how do they sound in passive voice? Active voice first….

The dog chased the cat - becomes in passive voice - the cat was chased by the dog. I ate the apple - becomes in passive voice - the apple was eaten by me. Millions of people watched the film - becomes in passive voice - the film was watched by millions of people.

Your Essential Guide To Passive Voice Ep 672 Article Image

A photograph of a scientist. Grammar Mastery: Learn to build passive voice sentences like a pro, and know when to use them

Notice how the focus shifts from the doer of the action to the receiver of the action?

Language is the road map of a culture. It tells you where its people come from and where they are going. ⭐ Rita Mae Brown

We’ve swapped around the subject and the object of the sentence - so what was the object in the active voice has jumped to become first in word order in the passive voice and it’s become the subject of the verb, so the verb must agree with it. So ‘the cat’, ‘the apple’ and ‘the film’ are now each the subject in the new passive voice sentences. And the person or thing that was the subject in the active voice sentence - well, it’s like they’ve been ‘demoted’. They may be mentioned after the verb, but it makes the person or thing doing the action less important, an afterthought even. And you can even leave them out altogether. Sometimes that makes a less meaningful sentence - ‘the cat was chased’ or ‘the film was watched’. Both of those may have you thinking ‘Who by?’ or ‘By whom?’. But sometimes, passive voice allows us flexibility and choice. We can name who ate the apple - or we can simply leave that information out - and say ‘The apple was eaten’. We may not know who ate it - or we may not want to ‘point the finger of blame’! We’re being diplomatic in other words and not ‘naming names’.

There are many other reasons why you may want to leave out who did the action. Sometimes we don’t know. Imagine being in school again and someone has done something naughty and the teacher’s telling off the class of children. She might say ‘The window has been broken’ or ‘The bin has been tipped over and rubbish has been left on the floor’. Or ‘The classroom scissors have been lost’. The teacher may have her suspicions, but she doesn’t know for sure who’s done it. So she’s using passive voice because she doesn’t know who did it!

Let's say you're reading a scientific paper. You might find sentences like "Rats were fed Omega-3 supplements." Who fed them? It doesn’t really matter. The focus is on the experiment and the results. That's why scientists use the passive voice all the time, to write up their studies - it highlights the important information.

Passive voice is also used in news reporting and politics. Sometimes things are done by governments - and again, it’s not important which person, which civil servant or government employee actually collected the data or put together the report. The focus is on the content of the report or the data itself. So the passive voice has its uses. Sometimes, the passive voice can seem a little ‘evasive’ - we’re not saying ‘who did it’, we’re not naming names - even if it might be more honest. But there’s nothing wrong grammatically with using the passive voice - there are very good reasons for using it.

The grammar of the Passive Voice

So grammar. How do you make an ‘active voice’ sentence into a ‘passive voice ‘sentence’?

As I’ve said - what was the object of the verb in the active voice, swaps to become the subject and first in the word order in the passive voice. But the verb also changes. For passive voice, we use the verb ‘to be’, which must agree with the subject and have the correct tense. Finally we add the past participle. Yes, the past participle - despite its name, it isn’t just used for the past tense! So examples of past participles are ‘chased’, ‘cleaned’, ‘done’, ‘found’ and we use it for passive voice. ‘The windows were cleaned’, ‘The homework will be done’, ‘The lost puppies have been found’. Let’s cover all the tenses in English - so this will be a quick recap for many of you on tenses. I’ll give you the form for the passive voice for each one.

Simple present ‘I do the cooking’ in the passive voice becomes - ‘The cooking is done by me’.

Present Continuous tense - ‘I am doing the cooking’ in the passive voice becomes ‘The cooking is being done by me’. If you know it, try and say it ahead of me.

Simple past - ‘I did the cooking’ becomes in passive voice ‘The cooking was done by me’. Past Continuous tense ‘I was doing the cooking’ becomes ‘The cooking was being done by me’. Present Perfect tense - ‘I have done the cooking’ becomes in passive voice ‘The cooking has been done by me’. Past Perfect Tense - ‘I had done the cooking’ becomes ‘The cooking had been done by me’.

Simple Future - ‘I will do the cooking’ becomes ‘The cooking will be done by me’. Future Perfect - ‘I will have done the cooking’ becomes ‘the cooking will have been done by me’.

OK. You might want to listen to that a few times, so that the mechanics of the passive voice become clearer and easier to remember.

Hilary’s Passive Voice Quiz

Let’s do a quiz? Chance for you to practise your tenses and changing sentences between active and passive voice. So I’ll say whether it’s active or passive - and I’ll say the sentence. Then you need to change it to the other one. And remember - you need the verb agreeing with the new subject and use the same tense as I use. Quite a lot to do then! Here goes.

Active voice ‘The dogs were chasing the rabbit’. You do passive voice?

Passive voice ‘The biscuits had been baked by the neighbour’s children’. You do active voice.

Active voice ‘They have seen the boy who smashed the window.’ Can you put that into the passive voice?

In the passive voice ‘The dinner will have been eaten by them, by the time you arrive’. Can you put that into the active voice?

Active voice ‘He is using up the leftover chicken.’ What does the passive voice sound like?

Passive Voice ‘The doors and windows are checked each evening by my father’. What does the active voice sound like?

Last one...

• Active Voice ‘I will pick the apples on the tree’. You do passive voice.

OK. You can pause there after the quiz and listen again.

Or you can continue straight to the answers. I’ll say the original sentence and then I’ll say whether active or passive and the tense. See if you can say the tense too and then I’ll give you the answer.

‘The dogs were chasing the rabbit’ - that’s active and past continuous tense. So in the passive voice - ‘The rabbit was being chased by the dogs’.

‘The biscuits had been baked by the neighbour’s children’. That’s passive voice and past perfect tense. In the active voice - ‘The neighbour’s children had baked the biscuits’.

‘They have seen the boy who smashed the window’ - active voice and present perfect tense. In the passive voice - ‘The boy who smashed the window has been seen by them’.

The dinner will have been eaten by them, by the time you arrive’. So that’s passive voice and future perfect tense. In the active voice - ‘They will have eaten the dinner by the time you arrive’.

‘He is using up the leftover chicken.’ So active voice, present continuous tense. Same sentence in the passive voice? ‘The leftover chicken is being used up by him’.

‘The doors and windows are checked each evening by my father’ - that’s passive voice and simple present tense. In the active voice? ‘My father checks the doors and windows each evening’.

‘I will pick the apples on the tree’. So that’s active voice and future tense - simple future. In the passive voice - ‘The apples on the tree will be picked by me’.

OK. How did you find that? Listen to this podcast a few times until you get the hang of it. Passive voice is not easy, but it’s repeat listening, hearing it over and over that will help you automatically know how to do it.

Enough for now. Have a lovely day. Speak to you again soon. Goodbye.

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Active vs Passive Voice: Understanding the Difference

General Education

Though fun, writing can also get pretty darn confusing, especially when you’re trying to figure out whether to use the active or passive voice. What is the difference between active and passive voice? When and how should you use them?

In this complete active voice vs passive voice guide, we'll go over how each voice works in English grammar, when to use the two voices, and how to change a sentence from passive to active (and vice versa). We’ll also give you an active vs passive voice quiz to test your skills. Let's get started!

What Is Active Voice?

The active voice is when the subject of a sentence performs an action on an object. In other words, the subject does the action, and the object receives the action .

The active voice is easy to identify in writing because it follows a simple form, which is the basis of English grammar:

Subject ( doer ) → Verb → Object ( recipient )

Here’s an example of a sentence using the active voice:

The dog ate my homework.

In this example, "the dog" is the subject, "ate" is the verb, and "my homework" is the object. Here’s a diagram to better show this connection:

Here, "the dog" is doing (or, in this case, has already done) the action: it is the one that "ate." Meanwhile, "homework" is the object that is receiving this action of eating.

Here’s another example of the active voice at play:

She is writing an essay.

In this example, "she" is the subject, "is writing" is the verb (in the present progressive tense), and "an essay" is the object.

Once again, the subject ("she") is the one performing the action: "she" is "writing." And what is she writing? An "essay," i.e., the noun that’s receiving the action.

Finally, here's an example of the active voice being used without an object:

In this sentence, we have a subject ("he") and a verb ("sings") but no object. Regardless, because the subject is performing the act of singing, we can identify this as the active voice .

What Is Passive Voice?

The passive voice is basically the opposite of the active voice: it’s when the subject is acted upon by the object. In other words, the subject receives the action, and the object does the action .

The passive voice is a little trickier to identify, as it uses more words than the active voice. The basic structure is as follows:

Subject ( recipient ) → Verb ( past participle of "to be" form ) → Object ( doer )

Note that the object here is always preceded by the word "by."

Additionally, the verb takes its "to be" form (meaning it’s preceded by "is/are" for the present tense and "was/were" for the past tense) and is put in the past participle (e.g., "eaten" for the verb "eat" or "given" for the verb "give").

Here’s an example of a sentence using the passive voice:

The ice cream was bought by the little girl.

In this example, "the ice cream" is the subject, "bought" is the verb, and "the little girl" is the object. Here’s a diagram to help you understand this grammar pattern better:

As you can see, "the ice cream" (as the subject) is the one receiving the action, while "the little girl" (as the object) is the one performing the action.

Here's another passive voice example:

Our tests were graded by the teacher.

Here, the subject is "our tests," the verb is "were graded," and the object is "the teacher." Again, the subject ("our tests") is receiving the action from the object ("the teacher") , which is, in turn, performing it (i.e., the one who is grading).

Sometimes you’ll see the passive voice being used without an object (i.e., without identifying the doer of the action—only the recipient). Here’s an example:

The tea was poured.

In this sentence, "the tea" is the subject and "was poured" is the verb; however, there’s no object performing the action of pouring . Simply put, we don’t know who poured the tea! Nevertheless, we can identify this sentence as passive based on its setup: a subject followed by a verb in its past participle "to be" form.

If we wanted to insert an object here, we'd simply add the word "by" followed by a noun:

The tea was poured by my grandmother.

Now, we have an object, or doer, of this act of pouring tea: "my grandmother."

Active vs Passive Voice: When Do You Use Them?

The active and passive voice express the same ideas, just in different ways. In terms of when we actually use them, though, what is the difference between active and passive voice?

In general, you should always aim to use the active voice whenever you write. This is because the active voice is clearer and more direct, while the passive voice is wordier and more confusing.

That being said, this doesn’t mean that the passive voice is inherently wrong. There are many cases in which you might opt for the passive voice over the active voice.

Here are some scenarios in which you might want (or need) to use the passive voice:

• When you want to emphasize the recipient of the action
• When you want to emphasize the action itself
• When you don’t know who or what is performing the action
• When the doer of the action is irrelevant or unimportant

For example, say you’re writing an essay about the Declaration of Independence and you come up with the following sentence:

Most people believe that the Declaration of Independence was signed on July 4, but this is not actually the case.

Let’s parse this out a bit. 

While part of the sentence is clearly in the active voice (the "most people believe" section), the crux of it ("the Declaration of Independence was signed on July 4") is in the passive voice. Doing this lets you keep the emphasis on the document, i.e., the topic of your essay .

In addition, there were many people who signed the Declaration of Independence, but listing them all here would only make the sentence longer and more convoluted; this is why the passive voice is a better fit.

Changing From Passive to Active Voice (and Vice Versa)

There are many times you might want to change a sentence from passive to active, or even from active to passive. To do this, you’ll need to understand exactly how the two types of voices work.

First, recall that the primary difference between active and passive voice lies in the roles of the subject and object : whereas in active voice the subject is the doer and the object is the recipient of the action, in passive voice the subject is the recipient of the action and the object is the doer.

Here’s an example of a sentence in the active voice vs passive voice:

Active: She created a travel blog. Passive: A travel blog was created by her.

Below is another way of looking at the difference between active and passive voice:

As you can see here, in the active voice, "she" is the subject and doer, whereas "a travel blog" is the object and recipient of the verb "created."

But in the passive voice, these designations swap : as the original subject, "she" becomes the object (but is still the doer of the action), whereas "a travel blog," which was originally the object, becomes the subject (but is still the recipient of the action).

In addition, the verb, which began in the simple past, has been converted into its past participle "to be" form .

To sum up, to convert from active to passive voice, here’s what you must do:

• Switch the positions of the subject and object so the original object is now the subject and the original subject is now the object
• Add the word "by" before the new object
• Convert the verb into its "to be" past participle form  based on the original tense used
• Switch the positions of the subject and object so the original subject is now the object and the original object is now the subject
• Delete the word "by" used before the original object (now subject)
• Convert the "to be" past participle form of the verb into the appropriate tense as indicated by the verb and overall sentence

The verb is arguably the trickiest part of converting from passive to active. You want to make sure you’re keeping the same tense as indicated by the original verb and sentence.

As an example, here's how you'd change various tenses of the word "do" from passive to active:

• is done → do/does
• is/are being done → is/are doing
• was/were done → did
• was/were being done → was/were doing
• will be done → will do

Finally, know that you cannot convert from active to passive or passive to active if you do not have an object . You can see why this doesn’t work in these active vs passive voice examples:

Active (Without Object): I drank. Passive: ??? was drunk by me.

Without an object, we have no idea what "I" actually "drank."

Passive (Without Object): The project will be completed by tomorrow. Active: ??? will complete the project by tomorrow.

Without an object, we cannot explain who "will complete the project."

Active vs Passive Voice Quiz

It’s time to test out what you learned in an active vs passive voice quiz. 

Before you start, make sure you know what the three types of questions expect you to do:

• Questions 1-3: Identify whether the sentence is active or passive
• Questions 4-5: Fill in the blanks to create a grammatically correct sentence
• Questions 6-8: Convert the sentence from active to passive, or vice versa

Answers and explanations will be provided at the end of the quiz. Good luck!

#1: Active or Passive?

This novel was not written by Charlotte Brontë but rather her sister Emily.

#2: Active or Passive?

The mail arrived on time yesterday.

#3: Active or Passive?

A study on the gender wage gap was conducted in 2018.

#4: Fill in the Blank

This gift was given to me _____ my sister.

#5: Fill in the Blank

The toy will soon be _____ by him. (past participle of "fix")

#6: Convert to Passive

Jessica is teaching me how to speak Italian.

#7: Convert to Active

He was advised by his dentist to floss more.

#8: Convert to Active

The valuable painting is finally going to be sold this year.

Active vs Passive Voice Quiz: Answers + Explanations

In this sample sentence, the subject is "the novel," the action is "was not written," and the object is "Charlotte Brontë" — we can leave out that last part since it’s not really important to understanding the voice here.

Because the object ("Charlotte Brontë") is the doer of the action — that is, she’s the one who did not write "the novel" —you should be able to tell right away that  this sentence is in the passive voice . (You might also be able to tell it’s passive due to the use of the word "by" before the object.)

Here, "the mail" is the subject and "arrived" is the verb — there is no object. Because "the mail" is the one doing the action of "arriving," this sentence uses the active voice .

In this example, "a study" is the subject and "was conducted" is the verb; there’s no object. Since "a study" is receiving the action instead of performing it, this sentence is in the passive voice .

(Just in case you’re wondering, the reason we don’t see "by" is that the object, or doer, of the action is either unknown or irrelevant.)

Right away you should recognize this as the passive voice. "This gift" is the subject, "was given" is the verb, and "my sister" is the object who is performing the action of giving.

As you know, the word "by" must come before the object in a passive sentence , so this is the missing word. The sentence should therefore read, "This gift was given to me by my sister."

Again, you should recognize this example as a passive sentence since it calls for the past participle of the verb and has the word "by" before the object. The past participle of the verb "fix" is the same as its simple past: "fixed" ; t herefore, the sentence should read, "The toy will soon be fixed by him."

To convert this sentence from active to passive, you must switch the positions of the subject and object and then convert the verb (in present progressive) to its past participle "to be" form. Don't forget that "me" must transform into its subject form ("I") when going from an object to a subject. ("Jessica" is a name and proper noun and therefore does not change form.)

Finally, place the word "by" before the new object ("Jessica"). This should give you the following passive sentence: "I am being taught how to speak Italian by Jessica."

To convert this example from passive to active, you’ll need to switch the subject and object, change the verb form from "to be" past participle to simple past, and eliminate the "by." Note that "he" will turn into "him" when converted from a subject into an object.

Doing all this correctly should give you this: "His dentist advised him to floss more."

If you didn’t know it already, this question is actually a trick! But how? Because there is no object in this passive sentence, there’s no way to convert it into the active voice. In other words, we have no idea who is going to sell the painting.

If we tried to convert it, we’d get this nonsensical statement: "??? is finally going to sell the valuable painting this year." As such, we cannot create a sentence in the active voice without a subject .

What’s Next?

Now that you understand active voice vs passive voice examples, want to brush up on your English grammar? Then check out our detailed guides on semicolons , verbs , prepositions , proper nouns , and parts of speech .

To ace the SAT/ACT, you'll need to have an excellent grasp of the English language.  Learn the most important SAT grammar rules and ACT grammar rules so you can earn an amazing score.

Need help with using and identifying literary devices? Our expert guide explains more than 30 key literary devices and how they work to help you become a pro at reading and writing.

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Hannah received her MA in Japanese Studies from the University of Michigan and holds a bachelor's degree from the University of Southern California. From 2013 to 2015, she taught English in Japan via the JET Program. She is passionate about education, writing, and travel.

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Changing Passive to Active Voice

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If you want to change a passive-voice sentence to active voice, find the agent in a "by the..." phrase, or consider carefully who or what is performing the action expressed in the verb. Make that agent the subject of the sentence, and change the verb accordingly. Sometimes you will need to infer the agent from the surrounding sentences which provide context.

If you want to change an active-voice sentence to passive voice, consider carefully who or what is performing the action expressed in the verb, and then make that agent the object of a by the... phrase. Make what is acted upon the subject of the sentence, and change the verb to a form of be + past participle. Including an explicit by the... phrase is optional.

This passive voice contains a by the... phrase. Removing the by the... phrase and reworking the sentence will give it the active voice.

Image Caption: Making "most of the class" the subject of the sentence moves the action of the sentence onto the class, and shifts the sentence from passive into active voice.

The agent is not explicitly stated, but it is most likely researchers. Making the agent the subject of the sentence will allow you to use the active voice.

This sentence now uses the active voice because the agent (the researchers) are now performing the action as the sentence subject.

The CIA director and his close advisors are the agent of change in this sentence, but they are not the subject. Making the agent the subject will transform the sentence into a more concise, active voice phrase.

This sentence now uses the active voice because the agent (the CIA director and his close advisors) is performing the action as the sentence subject.

The agent is not specified in this sentence.

This sentence now uses the active voice because the agent (we) is the subject of the sentence.

This active voice sentence's agent is the presiding officer, which is the subject.

Changing the sentence subject from the agent (the presiding officer) to the object of the verb (the committee's recommendation) and adding a by the...phrase transforms the sentence into the passive voice.

This sentence includes the agent (the leaders) as the subject performing the action of the verb.

This sentence now uses the passive voice because the subject has been changed from the agent (the leaders) to the object of the verb (a fair resolution).

The scientists are the agent performing the verb's action in this active voice sentence.

This passive voice sentence no longer specifies the agent (scientists) and now uses the passive voice because the verb's object (traces of ice) is now the subject.

Active and Passive Voice Exercise With Answers

Learning and mastering the use of active and passive voice is an important step of strengthening your English writing skill. It is essential to know when and how to use active voice to enhance the clarity of your writing and same goes with passive voice. After all, we use active voice when we want to create more direct and vigorous statements. On the other hand, we use passive voice when the action is performed upon the subject. Also, we prefer passive voice over active voice when we want to emphasize the action itself or the recipient of the action instead of who has performed it. Nonetheless, we have created this active and passive voice exercise with their answers to help you practice both voices.

Active and Passive Voice Exercise I

Active Voice

Change the active sentences below into passive sentences. Write “No change” if you think sentences cannot be changed.

• She writes a letter.
• They go to school every day.
• He doesn`t paint the wall.
• Why are you crying?
• Did the mechanic fix your car?
• You should do your homework.
• Don`t talk so loudly.
• They are painting their house.
• We have drunk milk tea.
• Will you watch TV tonight?
• I am not going to work today.
• He has been teaching English for ten years.
• When are you going to buy a car?
• Who taught you the active and passive sentences?
• She had cleaned the kitchen.
• We will have eaten dinner by the time you get there.
• People speak English in the USA.
• Would you rather learn English or French?
• You must not come late to class.
• She has to pass the test.
• He bought his son a book.
• Bismo teaches us every day.
• Who is your teacher?
• Who fights the coalition forces?
• Who have you invited to the party?
• I`ll build a hospital if I have a million dollars.
• If I had had a million dollars, I would have built a big mosque.
• We will be playing cricket at this time tomorrow.
• Aren’t they going to be building a house?
• It has been raining since yesterday.
• The explosion had killed many people.
• I have never been to Egypt.
• Have you been digging out the ground since morning?
• I will have written a poem by the time you call me.
• The heavy storm damaged a lot of crops in Mumbai.
• I was playing football yesterday.
• Could you help me, please?
• Who can answer my question?
• Will she have been watering the garden?
• Milad is helping me solving the active and passive voice exercise.

Active and Passive Voice Complete Grammar Rules

• A letter is written by her.
• Not Change.
• The wall isn’t painted by him.
• Intransitive verb (Crying)
• Was your car fixed by the mechanic?
• Your homework should be done by you.
• Intransitive verb (talk)
• Their house is being painted.
• Milk tea has been drunk.
• Will TV be watched by you?
• Not change.
• English has been taught by him for ten years.
• When is a car going to be bought by you?
• By whom were you taught the active and passive sentences?
• The kitchen had been cleaned.
• Dinner will have been eaten by the time you get there.
• English is spoken in the USA.
• Would English or French rather be learned by you?
• You are ordered not to come late to class.
• The test has to be passed by her.
• His son was bought a book by him.
• We are taught every day by Bismo.
• By whom were the coalition forces fought?
• Who has been invited to the party?
• A hospital will be built if I have a million dollars.
• If I had had a million dollars, a big mosque would have been built.
• Cricket will be played at this time tomorrow by us.
• Isn’t a house be going to be built by them?
• Many people had been killed by the explosion.
• A poem will have been written by me by the time you call me.
• A lot of crops were damaged by the heavy rain in Mumbai.
• Football was being played yesterday by me.
• Could I be helped, please?
• By whom my answer can be answered?
• I am being helped by Milad to solve the active and passive voice exercises.

Active and Passive Voice Exercise II

Change the following sentences from Active Voice into Passive Voice and write your answers in the comment section below.

• The chef prepares a delicious meal every evening.
• People speak English in many countries around the world.
• The company will launch a new product next month.
• The teacher assigned homework to the students yesterday.
• We are planting flowers in the garden this weekend.
• The mechanic fixed my car last week.
• The storm damaged several houses in the neighborhood.
• The students are studying for their exams in the library.
• The police arrested the suspect yesterday.
• Someone will deliver the package to your house tomorrow.

You can read more about the following topics:

• Active and Passive Voice Quiz with Answers
• How to Check Your Grammar Mistakes in an Essay – 8 Best Tools
• Future Perfect Continuous Tense Exercises With Answers
• 5 Tips on How to Avoid Grammar Mistakes in Your Essay
• Simple Future Tense Exercises With Answers For ESL Students

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Using adjectives and adverbs correctly, differences between defining and non-defining relative clauses, transition words exercises with answers.

Thanks, it helped me a lot.

You are welcome!

exercise is good to practice

33 and 39 can be passive if not can anyone explain why?

I don’t understand the question types. Could you explain me a little bit? Do I need to leave (you) in question type? Can (you) be used in its behind (by)?

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