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The Rotman PhD Program

Join a close-knit community of scholars at one of the world’s top-ranked centres of management research – at the University of Toronto, in the heart of Canada’s vibrant, culturally diverse financial capital. As part of Rotman’s PhD program, you’ll explore new ideas, develop insights that inspire solutions and help to spark broader conversations among corporate and public leaders

• Why Rotman?
• Student Life

PhD PROGRAM - APPLICATIONS FOR SEPTEMBER 2024 ARE NOW CLOSED. Applications for Fall 2025 will be open in September 2024.  

The PhD in Management is a challenging 5 year program which features course-work, cutting edge research training, and close working relationships with some of the best management academics in the world.  The success of our program is evidenced in the impressive careers of our graduates.

PhD students work closely with faculty in our research-led culture which emphasizes rigor, creativity and innovation. The PhD curriculum is carefully designed to support students as publishing scholars as early as possible in their doctoral studies and we have a terrific track record of  placements in leading business schools. Our program is divided into 7 distinct streams of research: Accounting , Economic Analysis and Policy , Finance , Marketing ,   Operations Management and Statistics ,  Organizational Behaviour and Human Resource Management , and Strategic Management .

Questions? We Have Answers   Research What's Happening   PhD Courses @Rotman

The Rotman School is ranked 16th in the world by the Financial Times for its faculty and research. PhD students at Rotman enjoy an academic culture of collaboration and research excellence. Our doctoral program is delivered in seven streams that reflect the organization of the school as a whole: 

• Economic Analysis and Policy
• Organizational Behaviour and Human Resource Management
• Operations Management and Statistics  
• Strategic Management

PhD students at Rotman study in small classes and form close working relationships with faculty. Take a moment to get to know our program requirements. If you are a strong candidate with an appetite for academic excellence, we encourage you to contact us to learn more about the Rotman PhD.

Academics at Rotman Learn More    Research at Rotman See What's Happening

The Rotman PhD is for ambitious scholars who plan to teach and research at some of the world's top business schools. If you are looking to study with leading faculty, publish in noted academic journals, and build a global network of like-minded scholars, the Rotman PhD program is for you. Our goal is to prepare our PhD students for exceptional careers in the field of management, and all aspects of the doctoral program are developed with your professional goals in mind. Find out how the Rotman School at the University of Toronto has been the launching pad for many stellar academic careers.

Careers Learn More   Rotman PhDs on the Market   Research at Rotman See What's Happening

Are you a promising scholar driven to achieve success in your studies? At Rotman we believe that your success is fueled by support that extends well beyond scholarship. Your ability to achieve both during the program and after graduation depends on strong networks with faculty and your peers. We aim to give you the tools you need to complete your program while achieving a balanced life outside of the classroom. Explore these pages to relevant resources.

Student Life Learn More    Research at Rotman See What's Happening

Each year, the Rotman PhD program at the University of Toronto selects a small number of outstanding candidates who will go on to make significant contributions to management research and education. The admission selection process is highly competitive: on average only 15-20 doctoral students are admitted from a pool of 400-500 applicants. 

The faculty admission teams in each area look for excellent academic records that include strong backgrounds in relevant disciplines and/or previous work experience related to the intended area of concentration. Attention is also paid to test scores, letters of reference, and to the applicants' own written descriptions of their backgrounds, interests, and career goals. Explore these pages to learn about Rotman's highly competitive application process. 

Getting In Learn More   

Your PhD in Administration

PhD in Administration

Applications for Fall 2024 will be accepted between August 15 th , 2023 and December 8 th , 2023.

We strongly encourage all those considering applying to the Schulich PhD in Administration or those seeking more information to first watch the helpful ‘Schulich PhD in Administration Program Overview and Application Tips Information Session’  for the Fall 2024 intake.

The Schulich doctorate comprises four tightly linked phases of study: coursework to acquire in-depth knowledge of your field of study; a comprehensive examination to demonstrate your mastery of the subject matter; defense of a formal research proposal; and a dissertation.

From the outset of the PhD program, you are invited to start thinking about the direction of your research. Scholarly development through the presentation and publication of papers with professors and other students is a cornerstone of the program.

Want to learn more?

View all program details, view course offerings, application tips and faqs, meet our students.

“My time at Schulich has truly been one of the best experiences of my life. I have so many fond memories of how vibrant the research culture was and how incredibly generous the professors, fellow students, and staff were - and frankly, still are - with me.” Marie-Agnès Parmentier, PhD 2009 Associate Professor, Marketing, HEC Montreal

Explore our PhD Specializations.

At Schulich, our expertise in various specialized areas of study will help you meet your unique career objectives and give you a competitive career advantage.

• Operations Management & Information Systems
• Organization Studies
• Policy and Strategic Management
• Sustainability

Career Opportunities

Prepare for a stimulating career in academic teaching and research. Graduates from this rigorous program of study contribute to the knowledge and global practice of business through tenure stream positions at leading universities in Canada, the U.S. or abroad.

PhD in the News

Professors Henriques and Diamant Honored at Research Day 2024

Father of Stakeholder Theory to speak at Schulich COERB Event

Accountants Have Clearer Guidelines When it Comes to Reporting Illegal Acts

Phd program details by category, admission requirements, requirement checklist.

• Exceptional candidates with a bachelor’s degree may be considered.
• Masters degrees in Business (MBA’s) from South Asia may require further academic qualifications for consideration.
• A degree certificate will be required if the transcript does not indicate graduation or completion from a program.

• Acceptable scores on all measures of the Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT) or the Graduate Record Examination taken in the last five years.
• While we do not have a minimum GMAT or GRE cut-off, it is recommended that candidates present a competitive score of 650 and above in the GMAT or 320 and above in the GRE.
• To send your scores for these tests to us please use the following codes: GMAT code Z75-X8-80 or GRE code 5697
• Prior research experience is strongly recommended.
• The online application requires: essays (written), an updated résumé and 3 recommendations. Copies of transcripts, GMAT or GRE scores, and language proficiency test scores (if applicable) may be uploaded to facilitate the initial review process. Note that unofficial documents are sufficient at the application stage.

The PhD program is offered on a full-time basis only. Full-time studies start in September of each year.

The Fall 2024 PhD Application portal will open on August 15 th , 2023.

Fall 2024 Application Deadline: December 8, 2023

Please complete all sections (personal information, education, program of study, payment) of the online application and upload all supporting documentation (e.g. Curriculum Vitae, Scanned Transcripts, Unofficial GMAT or GRE results, and proof of English Proficiency – TOEFL or IELTS (if applicable) by the deadline date. Hard copies of supporting documents are not required at the time of application. Official transcripts and official copies of test scores are only required once an offer of admission is made.

Admissions Decision:  March 2024

For additional admissions information and/or questions about the application process, contact the Schulich PhD Admissions team through our Graduate Enquiry Form. 

View PhD Program Details    Apply Now!

Tuition & Fees

For information on PhD fees, please see York University’s Graduate Student Fees table.

To learn more about the funding offered to PhD students please review PhD Financial Assistance.

Students entering Schulich’s PhD program may expect to receive $30,000 (domestic) and $43,000 (international) each year, up to five years. This funding is guaranteed, provided that students remain in good standing, show satisfactory progress in their work, maintain full-time status and fulfill the expected requirements. If a student defends his/her dissertation proposal before September 15 in his/her fourth year (i.e. start of term 10), he/she is eligible to receive an additional $2000 in year four. Funding in years one through three is tied to a research assistantship. Details are available from the PhD program.

In addition, students will have opportunities to pursue special awards through Schulich and York University and options for working on and off campus. For full details click below.

Financial Aid for PhD Students

Study Options

The PhD must be taken on a full-time basis for the first two years of study. To remain eligible for funding, students must maintain their full-time status.

Available delivery options

• Full-time 48 to 72 months

Location(s)

• Keele Campus Toronto

The requirements to successfully complete the program are outlined below in “Curriculum Overview.”

Curriculum Overview

Candidates for the PhD degree must complete studies in one of the following major fields: Accounting, Organizational Studies, Finance, Marketing, Policy and Strategic Management, or Operations Management and Information Systems. They must also complete a series of methodological courses relevant to that major field.

 Learn more about PhD Course Types 

Coursework only accounts for one of four phases in the PhD program. For a more detailed overview of the PhD program’s four broad phases of study, view program requirements (below)

The courses you take are dependent on your particular program of study and research interests. To see which courses are required for your area of interest, view specializations (below) .

To browse all of our course offerings, view current PhD course offerings or visit our Course Catalog .

Coursework is intended to prepare students to carry out leading-edge research in their major field. A student’s coursework plan is developed in consultation with the faculty member from the student’s field who has been assigned as an advisor.

Students entering the PhD program without an MBA degree are required to do a number of Schulich MBA 1 Required Foundations of Management Core Courses.

Students must complete the following course requirements:

• A core of courses designed to support necessary methodology training
• A minimum of four courses in the major field
• A minimum of two electives in topics related to the major field, approved by the PhD program coordinator in the candidate’s major field of study.

These courses will normally be chosen from those offered at the 7000-level at the Schulich School of Business. With permission, some may be chosen from those offered at the graduate level by other graduate programs or at other academic institutions.

Comprehensive Examination

Each student must pass a comprehensive examination before proceeding to formal work on her or his dissertation. Comprehensive examinations are designed to demonstrate competence and knowledge in the field. The examination is set and administered by the faculty within the student’s major field.

The Faculty regards the comprehensive examination as a pivotal point for deciding whether students should be allowed to proceed with their studies or be encouraged to withdraw from the program.

Dissertation Proposal and Oral Defence

Candidates must prepare a written proposal to conduct original dissertation research carried out under the supervision of a supervisory committee and must defend this to the satisfaction of the thesis supervisor and members of the committee.

Dissertation and Oral Examination

Candidates must prepare a dissertation based on original research carried out under the supervision of a supervisory committee and submit the results in appropriate dissertation form. After the formal submission of the dissertation, an oral examination is held. It is expected that all or part of the dissertation will be published following professional or scientific review.

The Schulich School of Business continues to accelerate in its commitment to research excellence across all functional and program areas and through thriving interdisciplinary initiatives within Schulich and beyond. Fundamental to our success in advancing knowledge and understanding in business has been the continued recruitment of researchers of the highest distinction and calibre.

Browse our PhD specializations for faculty profiles by academic area.

Teaching & Learning Online

Program faculty members

Professor of Strategy and International Business; Pierre Lassonde Chair in International Business

Professor of Strategic Management; Executive Director, York Change Leadership (YCL)

Professor of Finance; Bob Finlayson Chair in International Finance

Professor of Marketing; Kraft Foods Canada Chair in Marketing

Professor of Sustainability Accounting; Erivan K. Haub Chair in Business & Sustainability

Professor of Marketing; Director, PhD Program

Professor of Entrepreneurship and Strategic Management

Associate Professor of Operations Management and Information Systems; York Research Chair in Managing AI-Driven Technologies in Health Care

Associate Professor of Finance

Professor of Public Policy and Sustainability; Director, BBA/iBBA Programs

Professor of Accounting

Professor of Strategic Management

Professor of Marketing; Associate Dean, Research; Anne & Max Tanenbaum Chair in Entrepreneurship and Family Enterprise

Professor of Marketing

Associate Professor; Ann Brown Chair in Organization Studies

Professor of Operations Management and Information Systems; Program Director, Master of Supply Chain Management

Professor of Accounting; Associate Dean, Students; Ron Binns Chair in Financial Reporting, Banking and Governance

Professor; RBC Chair in Social Innovation & Impact; Area Coordinator, Sustainability

Program Director, MBA in Technology Leadership; Associate Professor of Operations Management and Information Systems; Special Advisor, AI & Business Analytics

Professor of Operations Management and Information Systems; CPA Ontario Chair in International Entrepreneurship; Co-director of Entrepreneurial Studies

Associate Professor; York Research Chair in Stigmatization and Social Identity

Professor of Strategy; Scotiabank Chair in International Business and Entrepreneurship

Professor of Finance

Professor of Finance; Scotiabank Chair in International Finance

Associate Dean, External Relations; Canada Research Chair (Tier II); Professor of Marketing

Program Director, Master of Marketing; Associate Professor of Marketing

Canada Research Chair in Supply Chain Management (Tier 1); Professor of Operations Management and Information Systems

Associate Professor of Organization Studies; Area Coordinator, Organization Studies

Associate Professor of Organization Studies

Professor of Finance; Area Coordinator, Finance

Professor of Strategic Management; Newmont Endowed Chair in Business Strategy

Associate Professor of Organization Studies; Associate Dean, Academic

FCA, FCPA (Ontario); Professor of Accounting; Area Coordinator, Accounting

Associate Professor of Marketing

Professor of Operations Management and Information Systems; Director, Master of Business Analytics; Director, Master of Management in Artificial Intelligence

Program Director, Master of Management; Associate Professor of Organization Studies

Associate Professor of Operations Management and Information Systems

Assistant Professor of Supply Chain Analytics

Assistant Professor of Operations Management and Information Systems

Assistant Professor of Finance

Student Research

Select a PhD specialization to learn more about recent student research, publication and placement.

Application FAQs and Tips

1. how do i apply.

Start by creating a profile in our online system . Once you submit your profile page, check your email to create a password for your application. It may take up to 15 minutes for the email to arrive. Save that email for reference, as it also contains the permanent link to the application portal. You will then be able to begin your application and upload your documents.

2. How much does it cost to apply?

The application fee is $150CAD payable online with any major credit card.

The PhD program does not offer application fee waiver.

3. Do you offer application fee waivers?

4. when will a decision be issued.

Applications will be reviewed following the application deadline. Decisions will be made in March/April.

5. Do I need to send in official documents?

Official documents are not required at the application stage .

You can apply with unofficial documents that are scanned and uploaded to your application. Please ensure all information on scanned documents is clear and legible. The grading scale or legend must be included with the uploaded transcript for each institution; this information is often found on the back or at the end of the transcript. Unofficial test results must be submitted with your application. Required test results need to be submitted prior to the application deadline to be considered.

Official documents are only required following an admissions decision. If admitted to the program, final official transcripts must be submitted before the term start date (early September). Official transcripts and test results must be mailed or emailed directly from the issuing institution.  If my mail:

Graduate Recruitment & Admissions, Room W263B Seymour Schulich Building Schulich School of Business – York University 4700 Keele Street Toronto, Ontario Canada, M3J 1P3

** If the institutions that you have attended provide Official Transcripts in digital format, you may arrange with your institutions to send the official transcripts directly to us via email to [email protected] . (Note: Only transcripts received directly from the institutions are considered official.)

For questions on admission on conditions, please visit http://futurestudents.yorku.ca/admission-conditions

6. Which part of the application is most important?

We take a holistic approach during the application review process and all components of the application are thoroughly reviewed. There is no particular weight assigned to any of the components in the application.

7. Is there a word limit to the essay questions?

No, there is no word limit for the essays.

Applicants are required to provide a written statement in the “Essays” section of the application. This is the statement where you will describe your motives for pursuing PhD studies. Your statement of intent should include:

1) your specific research interests 2) why you have selected your chosen field 3) your career plans

We suggest to provide responses to the questions that equals 1-2 pages in length.

8. Is the GMAT or GRE a mandatory requirement and can this be waived?

Yes, the GMAT or GRE is mandatory.

GMAT or GRE is a requirement of the program and cannot be waived.

All applicants are required to complete the GMAT or the GRE if they wish to be eligible for admission, regardless of their academic or professional profile.

9. What is minimum competitive GMAT or GRE score?

While we do not have a minimum GMAT or GRE cut-off, however, it is recommended that candidates present a competitive score of 650 and above in the GMAT or 320 and above in the GRE.

10. What are the minimum scores required on the acceptable English language tests?

The following minimum scores are acceptable for admission consideration:

11. Can the English language test requirements be waived?

If you have studied full-time at a university where the language of instruction and examination were English for at least 1 year you will not be required to submit an English proficiency test score.

Please note that your official university transcripts or supporting documentation from the university must state the degree was taught in English .

12. Is a supervisor identified before or after admission? Is admission conditional upon securing a supervisor?

Applicants are not required to secure a supervisor before applying to the PhD program.

Your supervisor is typically identified after admission and admission is not conditional upon securing a supervisor. However, we encourage our applicants to connect with our area representatives (see PhD program specializations) to discuss research interests and learn more about each area.

13. Can I use professional references instead of academic references?

You will enter your information into Step 7 of the application form. Full details can be found within the application. Please choose referees, or recommenders, who are most familiar with your potential as a scholar and researcher.

General guidelines for choosing your referees:

• Referees are typically research professors, or others who are able to comment on your scholarly and educational goals.
• Referees should know you well and be able to attest to your past performance, potential, and qualifications for completing a Ph.D. in business and a scholarly career.
• Referees who have served as a research supervisor or a similar role are most preferred.
• Referees cannot be relatives or friends. Schulich cannot offer advice on the suitability of your referee – only you can decide who will best represent you.
• Referee information should be complete, and references should be submitted on time to meet the program deadline.
• Referees must complete the online reference form, recommendation letters will not be accepted.

14. How much is tuition and what financial aid opportunities are available?

For information on PhD fees, please see York University’s Graduate Student Fees table.

View Graduate Program Fees Structure FAQs

Please visit our PhD Financial Assistance page for more information on financial support and scholarships available to full-time doctoral students.

15. I don’t have my GMAT/GRE score yet. Can I complete and submit my application now and then take the GMAT or GRE and submit the score later?

Yes, but you will need to indicate your scheduled GMAT or GRE test date in the initial stages of your application. Also keep in mind that the PhD application must be submitted by the application deadline (December 8th, 2023 for the Fall 2024 intake) and the GMAT or GRE score must be received no later than December 15th, 2023. If the GMAT/GRE is not received by that date, the application will be eliminated from consideration.

16. I have read the information above but have a question I can’t find the answer to. Who can I contact?

Please connect with the PhD admissions team here: https://schulich.yorku.ca/admissions/connect-with-us/grad-inquiry/

• Anticipated Start Year: --None-- 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
• Term: --None-- Fall Winter Summer

Undergraduate Programs

Select your Academic Level

High School Student

The following programs are available to high school students seeking admission to Beedie School of Business:

Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA Major)

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The following programs are available to students interested in transferring from a different College or University:

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The following programs are available to current Beedie undergraduate students or SFU students in a faculty other than business:

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Graduates PhD

PhD in Business Administration

Our PhD program is designed to immerse you in academic research and connect you to world-class faculty from day one. We give doctoral students the opportunity to specialize in one of ten areas. The rigorous, research-intensive training, mentoring, and guidance that you receive will act as a foundation to launch your career.

The Beedie PhD funding package is competitive among Canadian business schools.

Placements in Academia

“The PhD program at Beedie gave me the opportunities to develop my research and teaching skills and the network I needed to jumpstart my career as a marketing academic.” Colin Campbell Associate Professor of Marketing, University of San Diego Editor-in-Chief, Journal of Advertising Research

Our PhD program is located at SFU Beedie's Segal Graduate School in the heart of downtown Vancouver, British Columbia—Canada’s Asia Pacific Gateway and a growing hub for international trade, entrepreneurship, and technology.

Phone: 778.782.6796

Email: [email protected]

PhD in Business Administration

For over 20 years, the Sobey School of Business has delivered a rigorous and innovative doctoral program designed to train the next generation of high-impact scholars. With a large team of internationally renowned faculty, the Sobey PhD program has been recognized for its effectiveness, innovative structure, and curriculum. The Sobey PhD program is housed in the largest and most comprehensive business school in Atlantic Canada, and produces enthusiastic, research-experienced, and well-published graduates who are eminently employable and capable of making an impact on business research in Canada and beyond. 

We are now accepting applications for three PhD streams:

Ready to apply?

The deadline for applications is February 15 for a September start. Visit our Admissions page for more information. 

Contact [email protected] . 

Our PhD brochure is also available as a downloadable PDF: Sobey PhD in Business Administration Brochure

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Faculty of Business Administration

Phd in management.

Explore new ways of thinking!

Collaborate with world-class researchers. Engage in a stimulating and supportive intellectual environment. Complete a rigorous, relevant and challenging academic program.

Memorial’s PhD in management empowers students to explore new ways of thinking while working with world-renowned researchers on projects of theoretical and practical importance.

This program offers the following specializations that correspond to key functional areas in business:

• General management;
• Operations and information management; or
• Organizational behaviour and human resources management.

Our faculty members commonly conduct multidisciplinary research. The diverse research interests of our faculty members expose our students to and engage them with a variety of research methods in different settings within their chosen areas of study.

Within our specializations, students may pursue research interests in such area as:

General management

• Entrepreneurship
• International business
• Social enterprise
• Sustainability

Operations and information management

• Data and process models
• Human-computer interactions
• Optimization
• Supply chains
• Transportation/logistics

Organizational behaviour and human resources management

• Enhancing the effectiveness of human resource practices
• Human performance in the workplace
• Psychological and social influences on work behaviour

Our PhD program prepares students for research and teaching careers in academia and industry. Following two years of coursework, an independent research project and independent, original research during the dissertation, our graduates are well prepared to make a significant contribution to advance theory and current practice in their field of study.

• Graduate diploma in business administration (GDBA)
• Master of business administration (MBA)
• Master of employment relations (MER)
• Master of science (M.Sc.) in management
• Why a PhD in management?
• PhD program structure
• PhD admission requirements
• PhD funding
• Apply online for our PhD program
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Related Content

PhD Program

The PhD program in Business Administration at DeGroote offers students the opportunity to study and conduct leading-edge research with some of the top researchers in their fields. Students develop the theoretical and methodological expertise required to create original research that makes a significant impact on the business community.

Graduates of DeGroote’s PhD program have moved on to academic roles in schools across the globe as well as lucrative consultant and analyst positions.

Review our admission requirements on the Application Requirements page . Visit the   application procedure page   for more information about applying for our next start date.

We have set the September 2025 application dates. Please click here to check the status of your preferred field of study, and please click here for the application details.

Visit the fees and funding page for more information about tuition, funding, benefits, and awards.

Latest News

Beyond the Books: Navigating the PhD Journey Together

In the News: Bridging the Divide Between HR and the C-suite

Inspire Inclusion: DeGroote Community Share Their Thoughts for Women’s History Month

Student announcements.

Beyond The Books: Navigating The PhD Journey Together

Esraa Abdelhalim and Ahmed Mohamadean, Information Systems PhD 2024 graduates, discussed their journey of navigating new beginnings together … more

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MacCard is the next generation of your McMaster Student ID card. … more

Eid al-Adha 2024

Eid al-Adha: Celebrate faith, sacrifice, and the spirit of sharing. Greet with ‘Eid Mubarak’ to wish joy and unity! … more

Data Management Plan Boot Camp: Second Session

Join RDM Services for this afternoon session to get ready for your future research career by using your graduate DMP as a pilot. … more

Last Call: Congratulate your Classmates for Convocation!

Help us celebrate the Class of 2024 by submitting a video message. … more

Student Bulletin – Summer Schedule

For the months of June and July, you will receive the bulletin on a bi-weekly basis … more

Helpful Resources

Visit our research website to learn more about our academic areas and to read about our world-renowned researchers and their work .

Application

We have set the September 2025 application dates.

Check the status of your preferred field of study.

Check the Application Procedure page for the Key Dates and steps to apply.

Need help with registration or other academic issues?

Visit our  help page  to see answers to frequently asked questions or to get in touch with a member of our team.

Download our Brochure

Subscribe to get updates about the program and download our PDF brochure!

Download the flyer to learn more about PhD Funding!

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Program overview

GET STARTED

The  John Molson School of Business  in affiliation with  École des Hautes Études Commerciales de Montréal ,  McGill University , and  Université du Québec à Montréal , has offered a joint PhD in Business Administration since 1976.

PROGRAM STRUCTURE

Curriculum Courses  

Requirements Application process Tuition & aid

Not sure where to start?

Meet our students.

Ali Roughalandri

Dandan Fang

Hossein Azarpanah

Dig deep into the PhD and specialize

"In these times of uncertainty, it is more important than ever to integrate into our society young people who are trained in critical thinking, who are able to gain perspective so that they can understand the constraints and the opportunities that organizations are experiencing. As we begin to learn to live in this post-normal world, I strongly believe that PhD graduates have a crucial role to play."

Cédric Lesage, Associate Dean, Research

Apply for Fall admissions

Deadline: January 15 (September admission, international and domestic students)

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School of Graduate Studies

Management, phd, program overview.

The Rotman School of Management at the University of Toronto is home to Canada’s premier management doctoral program, one of the top-ranked PhD programs in the world. The Rotman PhD program is a growing, vibrant, and intellectually rich environment for those interested in developing new insights in management. This close-knit community of scholars value and celebrate insightful, breakthrough research. ​

The PhD program offers specialization in seven fields:

• Business Economics
• Operations Management
• Organizational Behaviour and Human Resource Management
• Strategic Management

Quick Facts

Doctor of Philosophy

Program description.

The Graduate Department of Management offers a world-class doctoral program. Applicants may enter the PhD program via one of two routes: 1) following completion of an appropriate master’s degree or 2) direct entry following completion of a bachelor’s degree.

PhD Program

Minimum admission requirements.

Applicants are admitted under the General Regulations of the School of Graduate Studies. Applicants to all fields must also satisfy the Rotman School's additional admission requirements stated below.

Some depth in the cognate disciplines relevant to the field is required.

These requirements may be satisfied prior to entry to the PhD program through an MBA degree program coupled with a relevant undergraduate degree, or through an undergraduate degree in business, management, or commerce coupled with a discipline-based master's degree.

If the depth requirements are completed prior to entry to the PhD program, then the student is expected to complete the program in four years. If additional coursework is required, then the student may need an additional year to complete the program.

Applicants should provide:

transcripts from each post-secondary institution attended

a letter of intent for applying to the PhD program

an updated curriculum vitae (CV)

two reference letters

a valid GMAT or GRE score (optional)

proof of English-language proficiency, if applicable.

Program Requirements

Students are expected to be qualified in the three basic disciplines essential to the study of management: economics, behavioural science, and quantitative analysis/statistics.

Students in all fields normally complete coursework in one field and two areas of study during Years 1 and 2. In subsequent years of study, students concentrate on deepening knowledge through additional coursework and on generating unprecedented insights through research that culminates in a written doctoral thesis.

Coursework . Students must complete a minimum of 4.5 full-course equivalents (FCEs) to satisfy requirements for one field and two areas of study.

A minimum of 2.0 FCEs comprise the field. These will normally be taken from 3000-level Management courses, but additional courses from other departments may be required.

2.0 FCEs: courses in the two areas of study are usually taken in cognate departments. Each area of study comprises at least 1.0 FCE.

Upon completion of the courses, students are expected to pass comprehensive examinations in the field.

Successful completion of the required course RSM3080H Research Methods in Business (0.5 FCE).

A thesis embodying the results of original investigation must be submitted and defended at a Doctoral Final Oral Examination in accordance with the regulations of the School of Graduate Studies.

During all years of study, students must maintain residency , whereby students are on campus full-time and consequently in geographical proximity to be able to participate fully in the University activities associated with the program.

Program Length

Phd program (direct-entry).

Some depth in the cognate disciplines relevant to the field of study is required.

If the depth requirements are completed prior to entry to the PhD program, then the student is expected to complete the program in five years. If additional coursework is required, then the student may need an additional year to complete the program.

In exceptional cases, and at the discretion of the Rotman School, admission to the program by direct entry may be approved for applicants with an appropriate bachelor’s degree with high standing (a least an A- average in courses relevant to the discipline) from a recognized university.

Coursework . Students must complete a minimum of 6.5 full-course equivalents (FCEs) to satisfy requirements for one field and two areas of study. Direct-entry students must complete 2.0 of the 6.5 FCEs within Year 1.

A minimum of 2.0 FCEs in the field. These will normally be taken from 3000-level Management courses, but additional courses from other departments may be required.

2.0 FCE: courses in the two areas of study are usually taken in cognate departments. Each area of study comprises at least 1.0 FCE.

An additional 2.0 FCEs in any field related to the student's program of study.

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McGill PhD in Management

McGill University is renowned for its academic excellence and continues to set the standard for higher education in Canada. 

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Our students, building excellence.

The Desautels Faculty of Management at McGill, renowned worldwide for cutting-edge research , offers a PhD Program in Management where outstanding students conduct fundamental research at the frontiers of management knowledge and practice.

With the collaboration of faculty  and industry leaders, the program prepares students to become autonomous researchers, whose teaching, publications and consulting activities contribute to leading universities and organizations around the world.

The PhD program participates in a joint doctoral program that brings together the four leading Montreal universities (HEC-Montreal, Concordia, UQAM, and McGill).  As a result, students gain access to the rich doctoral offerings from other universities and are expected to include professors from other universities on their committees.

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Read the message of our PhD Program Director, Prof. Sergei Sarkissian

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Admission & finance

Meet the requirements.

The PhD Program in Business Administration at the University of British Columbia welcomes applications from intelligent, motivated and creative individuals planning research-oriented academic careers. We encourage people with strong backgrounds in mathematics, statistics, computer science, economics, psychology, and other social sciences and physical sciences to apply. In the admission decision, several factors are considered: the rigour of undergraduate and graduate programs completed, academic performance, the strength of letters of recommendation, scores on the GMAT or GRE examinations, and the quality of the applicant's statement of purpose. A Master's degree is typical but not an absolute requirement for entry to the program. In exceptional cases, applicants from countries where the first degree is often the standard basis for admission to a doctoral level program, direct admission to UBC's PhD program may be permissible on the basis of the first university-level degree with first class standing.

Get details on  how to apply  and  financial support .

Letter to prospective applicants

Read the letter from PhD and MSc Programs Director, Sandra L. Robinson. Learn more about our PhD program and see if it is right for you.

Graduate Management Aptitude Test and/or the Graduate Record Exam scores

Official copies of the  Graduate Management Aptitude Test (GMAT)  and/or the  Graduate Record Exam (GRE)  scores are required. The former is preferable for all areas except Management Science, where the latter is preferred.  

Applicants who are applying for our PhD Program specializing in Strategy and Business Economics can submit either a GMAT score or a GRE score.  There are no official cut-off levels for these scores, but the average score of successful applicants is about the 95th percentile. Official GMAT scores must be sent to the PhD Office (please ask them to send it to the UBC, Sauder School of Business, PhD Program or LQS-CP-45).

Official GRE scores should be sent to 0965 (institution code)

Test of English as a Foreign Language or the International English Language Testing Service or the Michigan English Language Assessment Battery

Applicants from a university outside of Canada in which English is not the primary language of instruction must present evidence of competency to pursue studies in the English language prior to being extended an offer of admission. Acceptable English language proficiency tests for applicants to the PhD Program are:

TOEFL  (Test of English as a Foreign Language): minimum score of 100 (internet version) or 250 (computer version) or 600 (paper version).

UBC requires an official score to be sent to us electronically directly from the test centre/ETS.

On the TOEFL score request form you will be asked to specify the receiving institutions where you would like the results being sent to. To ensure UBC receives your results correctly, you have to use the following details:

• In the electronic score request form in your ETS manager, use institution code 0965 and pick "Graduate Organization" in Vancouver, BC, Canada.
• If you use a paper request form, use institution code 0965 and institution name "University of British Columbia"
• Both electronic and paper form ask for a department name/code. Either pick the value of an appropriate fit to your study area or 99 for other.
• If you are asked to give a reason for taking the TOEFL test then select/enter: "to enter a college or university as a graduate student"

IELTS Academic   (International English Language Testing Service): minimum overall band score of 7.0 with no other component score less than 6.5.

UBC requires an official score to be sent to us electronically from the test centre.

On the IELTS application form you will be asked to specify institutions where you would like the results being sent to. To ensure UBC receives your results correctly, you have to use the following details on the application:

• Name and address of college / institution / university: University of British Columbia - Graduate School Admissions
• Address: 170-6371 Crescent Road, Vancouver BC V6T 1Z2, Canada

MELAB   (Michigan English Language Assessment Battery): minimum overall score of 84.  Please arrange to have the official scores sent from the testing agency to PhD Program.

Because of the rigorous nature of the doctoral program, a student cannot expect to develop significant skills at the same time courses are being taken. English proficiency is necessary. 

Transcripts

To expedite the admissions review process, you can upload a scanned copy (PDF format) of the  OFFICIAL  transcripts and degree certificates for each post-secondary institution that you have attended (including exchange programs).  We can then use the scanned copies of the official transcripts to review your file.   

If the official transcript has information written on the back of the document (for example, a marking key), please upload a scanned copy of the back of the transcript.  We also need to receive the information written on the back of the official transcript.

Official transcripts and degree certificates issued in a language other than English must also be accompanied by a certified English translation.  Information about the translation of transcripts can be found at this  website . 

Applicants who have been offered admission to our PhD program will be required to submit all the official transcripts and degree certificates in sealed envelopes that have been endorsed by the issuing universities.  Further instructions regarding the delivery of the official transcripts and degree certificates will be given to the admitted applicants at the time of admission. 

If it takes a long time for the issuing institution to generate another set of official transcripts and degree certificates (and certified translations if required), it is strongly recommended that you order extra official transcripts and degree certificates (and certified translations if required) in sealed official envelopes in advance.  You will need to open one official set to scan the official documents.  In the event that we ask you to send in the official documents, you will be able to send the other set of sealed official documents immediately.

Letters of recommendation

Applicants should arrange for three letters of recommendation supporting their application. The PhD Committee prefers that recommendations be written by people who know the demands of rigorous, research-oriented doctoral program and can comment confidently on the applicant's ability to complete the program successfully as well his or her potential as a researcher. This usually means that referees are academics familiar with the applicant's scholastic and research potential. Where applicants have been away from an academic environment for an extended period of time, non-academic references may be substituted. In this case, care should be taken to emphasize to the referee that the applicant's academic research potential, rather than managerial or teaching capability, is of primary interest to the PhD Committee.  Referees will be able to submit e-references.  The applicant must enter each referee's e-mail address on the online application form.  Please note that for referees, we are not able to able to accept free e-mail accounts such as those with gmail or yahoo email addresses.  After you have submitted the online application form, the referees will be asked to submit their reference using a secure link.  They can use the online reference form or they can choose to upload a reference letter.

If the referee prefers not to use the e-reference system, the referee must mail the original signed (in ink) reference letter in a sealed envelope that has been endorsed (signed) by the referee.  The original signed reference must be mailed to the PhD Program Office:

Robert H. Lee Graduate School UBC Sauder School of Business Henry Angus Building 137 - 2053 Main Mall Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 1Z2

Supplementary Application/Statement of Intent

Please submit a statement of intent outlining your academic goals and how these goals align with the Sauder graduate program to which you are applying.  Please include answers to the following questions in your statement: 

• What research topics or areas interest you?  How have your prior academic training and/or work experience influenced your research interests?
• State your career plans.  Describe how a PhD program fits into these plans.
• Give a candid appraisal of your strengths and weaknesses with special reference to the qualities that will contribute to success in a doctoral program.
• Please explain why Sauder is a good match for your research interests and plans.  To which other schools are you applying?
• Please provide any other information which you think would be helpful in assessing your capabilities and motivation to do independent research at the doctoral level.

For guidance, note that statements of intent are typically two to three pages long. 

Curriculum Vitae (CV)

Please submit an up-to-date curriculum vitae (CV) detailing your academic and work history, any academic awards, and noting any relevant research experience or coursework.

Applicants are encouraged to submit supplementary information, such as a copy of research done for a previous degree or in a business setting, that they believe shows evidence of academic potential. Supplementary documentation of this nature is welcomed, but cannot be returned. 

Have a question?

Our team is happy to help., get in touch.

+1 604.822.8366 [email protected]

Visit the contact us page for more information

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Doctor of Philosophy in Business Administration in Finance (PhD)

Canadian immigration updates.

Applicants to Master’s and Doctoral degrees are not affected by the recently announced cap on study permits. Review more details

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The PhD Program in Business Administration welcomes applications from individuals planning research-oriented academic careers.

As well as gaining access to a world of knowledge and opportunity, Sauder PhD students benefit from the individual attention they receive from faculty members - right from the outset of the program. Our faculty members devote extensive time, energy and effort to developing the research capabilities of all of our PhD students.

For specific program requirements, please refer to the departmental program website

What makes the program unique?

Judging by the standards of research achievement, graduate placement, publications and research grants received, the PhD program in Finance at UBC stands at the top of Canadian business schools and among the first rank of North American programs. 

An active group of skilled junior and senior researchers is a distinguishing feature of the finance faculty at UBC. This translates into a rich and heterogeneous portfolio of research interests ranging from game-theoretic models of corporate finance, to applications of Bayesian analysis in empirical finance, to theoretical modeling of equilibrium asset pricing. The wide research interests of the Division allows substantial flexibility for the PhD student in selecting a thesis research topic. 

The ocean and the mountains [...] give Vancouver a sense of peacefulness, even as a major city in Canada. I think this makes UBC a great place to focus on research.

Valentina Rutigliano

Quick Facts

Program enquiries, admission information & requirements, 1) check eligibility, minimum academic requirements.

The Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies establishes the minimum admission requirements common to all applicants, usually a minimum overall average in the B+ range (76% at UBC). The graduate program that you are applying to may have additional requirements. Please review the specific requirements for applicants with credentials from institutions in:

• Canada or the United States
• International countries other than the United States

Each program may set higher academic minimum requirements. Please review the program website carefully to understand the program requirements. Meeting the minimum requirements does not guarantee admission as it is a competitive process.

English Language Test

Applicants from a university outside Canada in which English is not the primary language of instruction must provide results of an English language proficiency examination as part of their application. Tests must have been taken within the last 24 months at the time of submission of your application.

Minimum requirements for the two most common English language proficiency tests to apply to this program are listed below:

TOEFL: Test of English as a Foreign Language - internet-based

Overall score requirement : 100

IELTS: International English Language Testing System

Overall score requirement : 7.0

Other Test Scores

Some programs require additional test scores such as the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) or the Graduate Management Test (GMAT). The requirements for this program are:

The GRE or a comparable test is required. Please check the program website.

2) Meet Deadlines

September 2025 intake, application open date, canadian applicants, international applicants, deadline explanations.

Deadline to submit online application. No changes can be made to the application after submission.

Deadline to upload scans of official transcripts through the applicant portal in support of a submitted application. Information for accessing the applicant portal will be provided after submitting an online application for admission.

Deadline for the referees identified in the application for admission to submit references. See Letters of Reference for more information.

3) Prepare Application

Transcripts.

All applicants have to submit transcripts from all past post-secondary study. Document submission requirements depend on whether your institution of study is within Canada or outside of Canada.

Letters of Reference

A minimum of three references are required for application to graduate programs at UBC. References should be requested from individuals who are prepared to provide a report on your academic ability and qualifications.

Statement of Interest

Many programs require a statement of interest , sometimes called a "statement of intent", "description of research interests" or something similar.

Supervision

Students in research-based programs usually require a faculty member to function as their thesis supervisor. Please follow the instructions provided by each program whether applicants should contact faculty members.

Instructions regarding thesis supervisor contact for Doctor of Philosophy in Business Administration in Finance (PhD)

Citizenship verification.

Permanent Residents of Canada must provide a clear photocopy of both sides of the Permanent Resident card.

4) Apply Online

All applicants must complete an online application form and pay the application fee to be considered for admission to UBC.

Tuition & Financial Support

Financial Support

Applicants to UBC have access to a variety of funding options, including merit-based (i.e. based on your academic performance) and need-based (i.e. based on your financial situation) opportunities.

Program Funding Packages

We provide a financial package that includes tuition plus $30,000 per year for the first five years of the PhD Program.

Average Funding

• 7 students received Teaching Assistantships. Average TA funding based on 7 students was $3,810.
• 8 students received Research Assistantships. Average RA funding based on 8 students was $18,511.
• 7 students received Academic Assistantships. Average AA funding based on 7 students was $6,424.
• 9 students received internal awards. Average internal award funding based on 9 students was $19,421.

Scholarships & awards (merit-based funding)

All applicants are encouraged to review the awards listing to identify potential opportunities to fund their graduate education. The database lists merit-based scholarships and awards and allows for filtering by various criteria, such as domestic vs. international or degree level.

Graduate Research Assistantships (GRA)

Many professors are able to provide Research Assistantships (GRA) from their research grants to support full-time graduate students studying under their supervision. The duties constitute part of the student's graduate degree requirements. A Graduate Research Assistantship is considered a form of fellowship for a period of graduate study and is therefore not covered by a collective agreement. Stipends vary widely, and are dependent on the field of study and the type of research grant from which the assistantship is being funded.

Graduate Teaching Assistantships (GTA)

Graduate programs may have Teaching Assistantships available for registered full-time graduate students. Full teaching assistantships involve 12 hours work per week in preparation, lecturing, or laboratory instruction although many graduate programs offer partial TA appointments at less than 12 hours per week. Teaching assistantship rates are set by collective bargaining between the University and the Teaching Assistants' Union .

Graduate Academic Assistantships (GAA)

Academic Assistantships are employment opportunities to perform work that is relevant to the university or to an individual faculty member, but not to support the student’s graduate research and thesis. Wages are considered regular earnings and when paid monthly, include vacation pay.

Financial aid (need-based funding)

Canadian and US applicants may qualify for governmental loans to finance their studies. Please review eligibility and types of loans .

All students may be able to access private sector or bank loans.

Foreign government scholarships

Many foreign governments provide support to their citizens in pursuing education abroad. International applicants should check the various governmental resources in their home country, such as the Department of Education, for available scholarships.

Working while studying

The possibility to pursue work to supplement income may depend on the demands the program has on students. It should be carefully weighed if work leads to prolonged program durations or whether work placements can be meaningfully embedded into a program.

International students enrolled as full-time students with a valid study permit can work on campus for unlimited hours and work off-campus for no more than 20 hours a week.

A good starting point to explore student jobs is the UBC Work Learn program or a Co-Op placement .

Tax credits and RRSP withdrawals

Students with taxable income in Canada may be able to claim federal or provincial tax credits.

Canadian residents with RRSP accounts may be able to use the Lifelong Learning Plan (LLP) which allows students to withdraw amounts from their registered retirement savings plan (RRSPs) to finance full-time training or education for themselves or their partner.

Please review Filing taxes in Canada on the student services website for more information.

Cost Estimator

Applicants have access to the cost estimator to develop a financial plan that takes into account various income sources and expenses.

Career Outcomes

102 students graduated between 2005 and 2013. Of these, career information was obtained for 100 alumni (based on research conducted between Feb-May 2016):

Sample Employers in Higher Education

Sample employers outside higher education, sample job titles outside higher education, phd career outcome survey, career options.

Recent placements of students in the program have included schools such as Columbia Business School, University of Virginia, University of Utah, Arizona State University, University of Oregon, Carnegie Mellon University, University of California at Los Angeles, The University of Texas at Austin and the University of Toronto.

Enrolment, Duration & Other Stats

These statistics show data for the Doctor of Philosophy in Business Administration in Finance (PhD). Data are separated for each degree program combination. You may view data for other degree options in the respective program profile.

ENROLMENT DATA

Completion Rates & Times

Upcoming doctoral exams, tuesday, 23 july 2024 - 10:30am - angu 333, henry angus, 2053 main mall.

• Research Supervisors

This list shows faculty members with full supervisory privileges who are affiliated with this program. It is not a comprehensive list of all potential supervisors as faculty from other programs or faculty members without full supervisory privileges can request approvals to supervise graduate students in this program.

• Agarwal, Isha (Banking; International Finance; Corporate Finance; macroeconomics)
• Baldauf, Markus (Financial Markets; Information Economics; Industrial Organization; Regulation; Market Microstructure )
• Bena, Jan (Financial economics; Finance, n.e.c.; Stock markets; International economics and international finance; Economics of innovation and technical change; Industry economics and industrial organization; Innovation; Corporate innovation; Asset pricing of technological progress; Private equity; Corporate ownership structure; Frictions in raising external finance; Entrepreneurship; Ownership of startup companies; Finance and industrial organization; Product market interactions)
• Bian, Bo (Empirical corporate finance; Productivity; Innovation; Bankruptcy)
• Carlson, Murray (Introduction to capital markets, corporate finance, principles of finance, asset pricing)
• Dias Saraiva-Patelli, Ella (Finance; Asset pricing and international finance)
• Donaldson, R Glen (Risk management, Volatility forecasting, Asset valuation, Financial econometrics, Financial markets and price behavior)
• Favilukis, Jack (Consumption and Production Based Asset Pricing; Heterogeneity and Inequality; Incomplete Markets; Real Estate)
• Fisher, Adlai (Asset pricing, financial econometrics, volatility modelling, corporate finance, mergers and acquisitions)
• Garlappi, Lorenzo (Economics and business administration; Financial Economics; Asset pricing; Macro-Finance; Decision Theory)
• Giammarino, Ronald (Financial management; corporate theory; bank regulation; real options)
• Gornall, Will (Corporate finance ; Venture capital; Banking)
• Heinkel, Robert Lee (Stock markets; Corporate Finance)
• Lazrak, Ali (Finance and Accounting; Economic Phenomena on an Individual or Organizational Level; Asset pricing, Corporate Finance, Behavioral Finance, Household portfolio choice)
• Li, Kai (corporate governance, CEO compensation, mergers and acquisitions, shareholder activism, gender in corporate decision making, board of directors, national culture, innovation, Finance)
• Ortiz Molina, Hernan (Corporate finance and governance, executive compensations, industrial organization, interactions between real and financial decisions )
• Pikulina, Elena (Institutional investors; Corporate finance; Experimental and behavioral finance)

Doctoral Citations

Sample Thesis Submissions

• Essays in empirical corporate finance
• The value of intangibles : artificial intelligence, intellectual property, and corporate culture
• Essays on environmental and social issues
• Essays in asset pricing and labor economics
• Essays in empirical corporate finance : the impact of economic uncertainty on the financial markets
• New directions in empirical asset pricing : information, innovation, and stock returns

Related Programs

Same specialization.

• Master of Science in Business Administration in Finance (MSCB)

Same Academic Unit

• Doctor of Philosophy in Business Administration in Accounting (PhD)
• Doctor of Philosophy in Business Administration in Management Information Systems (PhD)
• Doctor of Philosophy in Business Administration in Management Science (PhD)
• Doctor of Philosophy in Business Administration in Marketing and Behavioural Science (PhD)
• Doctor of Philosophy in Business Administration in Organizational Behaviour (PhD)
• Doctor of Philosophy in Business Administration in Strategy and Business Economics (PhD)
• Doctor of Philosophy in Business Administration in Transportation and Logistics (PhD)
• Doctor of Philosophy in Business Administration in Urban Land Economics (PhD)
• Master of Business Administration (MBA)
• Master of Business Analytics (MBAN)
• Master of Management (MM)
• Master of Science in Business Administration in Management Information Systems (MSCB)
• Master of Science in Business Administration in Transportation and Logistics (MSCB)
• Professional Master of Business Administration (PMBA)

Further Information

Specialization.

Finance at UBC covers research interests ranging from game-theoretic models of corporate finance, to applications of Bayesian analysis in empirical finance, to theoretical modeling of equilibrium asset pricing.

UBC Calendar

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Departments/Programs may update graduate degree program details through the Faculty & Staff portal. To update contact details for application inquiries, please use this form .

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Management (PhD)

The management PhD program is central to the mission of the Asper School of Business at UM. Students are mentored in their research program and in the development of teaching skills. Asper PhD graduates go on to fulfill the increasing need for Canadian-trained management academics.

Program details

Admission requirements.

• Asper School of Business • Stu Clark Graduate School • Faculty of Graduate Studies

• Doctor of Philosophy

Expected duration

Experience the Asper difference

The PhD program is central to the mission of the Asper School of Business at UM. The program was founded in 1990 and our commitment reflects the increasing need for Canadian-trained management academics   The AACSB-accredited program has already fulfilled the expectations of students and faculty and continues to attract highly-qualified individuals who are interested in developing their research and teaching skills.

The PhD program in management is designed to produce graduates who have competitive research and teaching skills and the abilities necessary for placement in teaching positions in Canada and the world.

Expected duration: 4 years

Tuition and fees:  Tuition fees are charged for terms one and two and terms four and five. A continuing fee is paid for term three, term six and each subsequent term. (Refer to Graduate tuition and fees .)

Throughout their doctoral studies, students are engaged in research apprenticeships with the faculty. Students are assured of working with faculty members on several projects during their program and are required to spend a specific number of hours per week working for a faculty member during the term and in the summer. In this way, students are assured of receiving hands-on experience with the research process.

Students are expected to publish conference papers or journal articles during their program. Travelling to conferences and presenting research is a great way to meet other researchers in your field and gain exposure for your work.

Because the PhD program is designed for individuals who wish to pursue an academic career, a teaching practicum is required to help students develop teaching skills.

Program requirements

The PhD program consists of 30-39 credit hours of courses plus a thesis.

• All PhD students must complete both core and other course requirements.
• The core course are comprised of 12 credit hours (four courses) and are based on the student's departmental concentration area in the list outlined below.  
• The core course requirements must be completed regardless of previous professional and/or academic background. (some of the other course requirements may be waived based on previous courses completed in a Masters program).
• All students must complete PHDM 7140 Management Research Project 1 (a theoretical paper) and PHDM 7150 Management Research Project 2 (an empirical paper), both of which are zero credit, pass/fail courses.   
• MKT 7110 Doctoral Seminar in Marketing
• MKT 7120 Doctoral Seminar in Buyer Behaviour
• MKT 7080 Research Design and Methods
• MKT 7100 Selected Topics in Marketing

For full course descriptions, please visit the  Academic Calendar .

Business Administration

One (1) three (3) credit hour course from: 

• GMGT 7410 Organizational Behaviour;
• GMGT 7440 Organizational Theory; or, 
• GMGT 7530 Strategy.

Three (3) additional three (3) credit hour courses from: 

• GMGT 7440 Organizational Theory; 
• GMGT 7410 Organizational Behaviour; 
• GMGT 7530 Strategy; or 

Topics courses in the area of organizational behaviour, organization theory, strategy, entrepreneurship, international business, industrial relations and human resource management.

FIN 7700 Financial Economics FIN 7710 Empirical Asset Pricing FIN 7712 Seminar in Corporate Finance; and FIN 7714 Advanced Financial Theory

Supply Chain Management

Four of following courses are required:

• SCM 7016 Simulation Models for Operations Management 
• SCM 7018 Seminar in Production and Operations Management 
• SCM 7020 Seminar in Supply Chain Management
• SCM 7030 Doctoral Seminar in Supply Chain Sustainability 
• MSCI 7550 Readings in Management Science
• MSCI 7560 Doctoral Seminar in Management Science
• MSCI 7680 Mathematical Optimization Models
• OPM 7300 Topics Course

Other course requirements

Other course requirements (for all streams) may be required and could include:  

• 1 Philosophy of Science in Management course PHDM 7110 (Note:  Finance students are exempt from this requirement) (3 credit hours);
• 3 Methods or Statistics courses (9 credit hours; or up to 6 courses [18 credit hours] for Finance);
• 2 minor/cognate courses (at least one of which is outside the Asper School of Business; 6 credit hours or up to 3 courses [9 credit hours] for Finance students)

Since students completing an Asper School of Business Ph.D. will be conducting research and teaching in topics related to management, they will be required to have a basic breadth of knowledge in management. Students with a previous business degree will not be required to complete this requirement, but students without a business degree will be required to audit at least one (1) and up to three (3) courses, preferably at the 7000 level, outside their core area in business.   

The following are minimum requirements to be considered for entry into the PhD in management program. Meeting these requirements does not guarantee acceptance into the program.

Those applying to the Asper PhD in management program should possess:

• An earned Master's degree from a recognized institution in a management or business discipline, or in a cognate or foundational disciplinary area (e.g. psychology, sociology, economics, mathematics), with minimum 3.0 G.P.A.;
• A minimum 600 GMAT score (or GRE equivalent);
• English Language Test score, where applicable
• Three letters of reference
• Appropriate research interest and capability as evidenced by a statement of purpose; and,
• A thesis from a recognized institution;
• A major research paper from a recognized institution;
• An independently completed research article published in a refereed journal;
• An independently completed research working paper presented at a conference; and/or
• Other evidence of an appropriate nature, such as written class research projects and term papers.

In addition to the admission requirements described here, all applicants must meet the minimum admission and English language proficiency requirements of the Faculty of Graduate Studies . 

How to apply

Applications for the PhD program are accepted once a year for Fall entry. Applications must be completed online and include several parts:

• $100 application fee (non-refundable)
• Unofficial copies of transcripts
• CV or resume
• Statement of intent
• GMAT or GRE, with a minimum score of 600
• 3 letters of recommendation from academic references
• Proof of English language proficiency , if required

Please read the Faculty of Graduate Studies online application instructions before beginning your application.

GMAT and GRE resources

The Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT) and Graduate Record Examinations (GRE) are standardized tests used to demonstrate academic qualification for graduate programs. Applicants to the Asper (PhD) must provide one of these test scores as part of the admissions process.

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Application deadline

Applications are reviewed on a committee basis . The Admissions committee for Architecture reviews applications in March.

Applications open up to 18 months prior to start term.

Applicants must submit their online application with supporting documentation and application fee by the deadline date indicated.

Start or continue your application

Applications are reviewed on a committee basis . The Admissions committee for City Planning reviews applications in March.

Winter applications are accepted on a case-by-case basis.

Applications are reviewed on a committee basis . The Admissions committee for Design and Planning reviews applications in March.

Applications are reviewed on a committee basis . The Admissions committee for Interior Design reviews applications in March.

Applications are reviewed on a committee basis . The Admissions committee for Landscape Architecture reviews applications in March.

Applications are reviewed on a committee basis . The Admissions committee for Anthropology reviews applications in March/April.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . Please contact the department for admission committee review timelines.

Applications open September 1 of year prior to start term.

Application deadlines

Applications open   up to 18 months prior  to start term.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for History reviews applications in February.

Applications are reviewed on a  rolling basis .

Applications open July 1 of year prior to start term.

Applications are reviewed on a  Committee basis . The Committee for German and Slavic Studies reviews applications in February/March.

Applications are reviewed on a rolling basis .

Applications are reviewed on a committee basis . The Admissions committee for Management reviews applications in February / March.

Applications are reviewed on a committee basis . The Admissions committee for Physical Therapy reviews applications in April / May.

Applications open  August 1 of the year prior to start term.

Applications are reviewed on a committee basis . Please contact the department for admission committee review timelines.

Applications are reviewed on a committee basis . The Admissions committee for Orthodontics reviews applications in August/September and holds interviews in September/October.

Program currently undergoing review, applications will not be opening at this time.

Select Preventive Dental Science in the Program drop-down on the application form.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for Educational Administration, Foundations and Psychology reviews applications in March / April.

Applications to Educational Administration, Foundations and Psychology are currently closed.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for Education reviews applications in February / March.

Applications to Education PhD are currently closed.

Applications are reviewed after the deadline, with decisions issued in March - April.

Currently not accepting applications to this program.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . Please contact the department for admission committee review timelines.

Applicants must submit their online application with supporting documentation and application fee by the deadline date indicated. Applications received by the March 1 deadline for a September start-date will receive first consideration for any available funding. Late applications will be considered on a case-by-case basis for any available funding, please contact the department for further information.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for Human Rights reviews applications in January - March.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for Law reviews applications in January - March.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for Nursing (MN) reviews applications in April / May.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for Nursing PhD reviews applications in February / March.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee reviews applications as per the timelines noted below each table.

Winter applications reviewed in October Summer applications reviewed in February Fall applications reviewed in June

Winter applications reviewed in June Summer applications reviewed in October Fall applications reviewed in February

Applicants must submit their online application with supporting documentation and application fee by the deadline date indicated. This includes having the support of a faculty supervisor before you apply.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for Natural Resources Management reviews applications in March - June.

After the annual application deadline (see below), applications are reviewed on a committee basis by the Faculty of Social Work internal admissions committee. Once this process is complete, decisions are sent to all applicants in March / April. 

Applications open  July 1 of year prior to start term.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for Social Work reviews applications in March / April.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for Music reviews Fall term applications in December / January, and Winter term applications in July.

Applications are reviewed on a committee basis . The Admissions committee for Occupational Therapy reviews applications in May / June.

Master of Occupational Therapy regular program  applications open September 15 of the year prior to deadline .

Master of Occupational Therapy accelerated program  applications open October 1  of the year prior to deadline .

The name of your confirmed supervisor is required at the time of application. To identify a prospective thesis research supervisor on your application, please  contact Immunology Faculty members .

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for Community Health Sciences reviews applications in March / April.

Fall 2025 applications are currently closed.

The name of your preferred supervisor is required at time of application.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . Students selected for in-person interview will be notified in February.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for Physician Assistant Studies reviews applications in April.

Offers of admission will be released to successful applicants on May 17, 2024 from the University of Manitoba Master of Physician Assistant Studies, the same day as the University of Toronto BScPA Program and McMaster University Physician Assistant Education Program. The three institutions are pleased to provide applicants their offers on the same day to help with the decision-making process.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for Pharmacology and Therapeutics reviews applications one month after the application deadline.

Applications for Pathology MSc are reviewed on a  rolling basis .

Applications for Pathologist Assistant are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for Pathologist Assistant reviews applications in April / May. 

The Pathologist Assistant program only admits Canadian and US students every two years. The Fall 2023 intake has been suspended. The next intake is tentatively scheduled for Fall 2025.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for Statistics reviews applications in March / April.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for Biological Sciences reviews applications one month after deadline.

Applications are reviewed on a committee basis . The Admissions committee for Indigenous Studies reviews applications in February and June.

Applicants must submit their online application with supporting documentation and application fee by the deadline date indicated. For those who wish to be considered for scholarships, applications must be received by January 15 of the year in which you're seeking admission.

Applications are reviewed on a committee basis . The Admissions Committee for Applied Human Nutrition reviews applications in February.

Les demandes d’admission sont évaluées par un comité . Le comité d’admission évalu les demandes durant les mois de Mars et Avril.  

Les demandes peut être surmise jusqu’à concurrence de 18 mois avant le début de premier trimestre.

Toute demande d’admission en ligne doit être déposée, avec documents à l’appui, au plus tard aux dates indiquées.

Soumettre ou continuer votre application

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• International Business

International Business (IB) combines international expertise with the functional areas of General Management, emphasizing issues facing the multinational enterprise (MNE) and businesses engaged in dealings across national borders. The strength in this combination allows students to explore a deeper understanding of the cross-border intra- and inter-organizational relationships of the MNE, and incorporates a multi-level approach that also addresses the economic, institutional, sociocultural, and sociopolitical contexts in which the MNE is embedded.

The IB group at Ivey encourages students to engage with the academic community early, with many students presenting their work at the Academy of International Business and Academy of Management Annual Conferences. Our students deliver high-quality research that has frequently been recognized in  leading dissertation award competitions , including those presented by the Academy of Management IM Division , the Academy of International Business , and the European International Business Academy . Ivey’s IB area group’s PhD graduates are frequent winners or finalists of these awards.

PhD students regularly co-author with senior scholars in the IB group, and their papers have received Best Paper Awards at: Academy of International Business Annual Meeting, Academy of Management Annual Meeting, Strategic Management Society Annual International Conference, Administrative Sciences of Canada Annual Conference, and Association of Japanese Business Studies Annual Conference.

Our current  IB group at Ivey consists of Paul Beamish , Klaus Meyer , Andreas Schotter , Vanessa Hasse , Nina Rosenbusch , and Elie Chrysostome . Though the common theme of IB unifies these colleagues, they draw on varied disciplinary bases to address issues of strategic alliances, foreign direct investment, subsidiary management, and boundary spanning leadership. They are particularly interested in studying these themes in emerging economies, including multinational enterprises originating from emerging economies. Leveraging their diversity, the IB group is interested in understanding IB phenomena from a multi-level and multi-disciplinary perspective. The International Business Institute supports this research. 

*Please note that IB is a stream under General Management

Areas of Research Focus

• Strategies and performance of international joint ventures
• Management of international alliances
• Motives and strategies of foreign direct investment
• Managing subsidiaries of multinational enterprises
• Doing business in emerging economies

The IB group ranks among the world's top 10 IB departments in terms of impact and productivity, and regularly publishes in the field’s top journals, such as Journal of International Business Studies, Academy of Management Journal, Academy of Management Review, Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice, Journal of Business Venturing, Journal of Management, Journal of Management Studies, Organization Science, and Strategic Management Journal.

• View our Google Scholar Page
• View the Research Database

PhD Student Opportunities

IB is one of five possible specializations within Ivey’s General Management PhD program. The IB specialization is designed for those interested in pursuing academic careers at top business schools in IB, Strategy, or Management departments.

The IB group welcomes applications from qualified candidates that are interested in conducting research into themes related to their research interests. The following list is indicative of such projects:

All Professors within the IB group are recruiting PhD students to join their research on the management of MNE subsidiaries . Such subsidiaries interact with, and contribute to, host societies in multiple ways that merit deeper scholarly investigations. Topics within this research agenda may examine any aspect of the strategies and operations of MNE subsidiaries, including the drivers of subsidiary growth, performance knowledge management, scope reductions and divestment as well as their contribution to host country economic, social, and environmental objectives. We are particularly interested in research exploring the role that individuals, such as boundary spanners, have on subsidiary- and MNE-level outcomes. Sample research:

• Managing the MNE subsidiary: Advancing a multi-level and dynamic research agenda  (Journal of International Business Studies)
• Core or periphery? The effects of country-of-origin agglomerations on the within-country expansion of MNEs  (Journal of International Business Studies) 
• Performance effects of MNC headquarters–subsidiary conflict and the role of boundary spanners: The case of headquarter initiative rejection  (Journal of International Management)

Professors Paul Beamish and Vanessa Hasse are recruiting for a co-supervision of PhD students with a research interest in the area of international joint ventures (IJVs) and strategic alliances . Topics within this research area can range broadly from collaborative strategies to the management of IJVs and strategic alliances. Experience with or an interest in quantitative data analysis, especially using larger datasets, will be an asset. Sample research:

• Host market government corruption and the equity-based foreign entry strategies of multinational enterprises  (Journal of International Business Studies)
• Multi-party international joint ventures: Multiple post-formation change processes  (Journal of World Business)
• Cooperative strategies in international business and management: Reflections on the past 50 years and future directions  (Journal of World Business)

Professor Andreas Schotter is recruiting PhD students wishing to pursue research into the internationalization of firms in the digital economy . Topics in this line of research may employ qualitative or quantitative methodologies to examine the internationalization of young firms in the digital economy, or the strategies of mature multinational firms reacting to disruptions caused by the digital economy. This research also looks at changing location choices and the emergence of new internal and external organizational structures. Sample research:

• Platforms without borders? The international strategies of digital platform firms  (Global Strategy Journal)
• Scaling fast and slow: The internationalization of digital ventures (Journal of Business Research)

Professors Klaus Meyer and Bob Andersen are recruiting PhD students interested to analyze the impact of social and political disruption on businesses operating across national borders . This is a new stream of research which aims to enhance scholarly understanding of corporate strategies (e.g. mergers, acquisitions and divestments) as companies cope with an increasingly uncertain international business environment and/or with specific disruptions in international trade or investment regimes. Sample research:

• Diplomatic and corporate networks: Bridges to foreign locations  (Journal of International Business Studies)
• The MNE and its Subsidiaries at Times of Global Disruptions: An International Relations Perspective (Global Strategy Journal).
• Corporate political connections in global strategy (Global Strategy Journal).
• Place, space, and geographical exposure: Foreign subsidiary survival in conflict zones  (Journal of International Business Studies)

Professors Paul Beamish and Vanessa Hasse are recruiting for a co-supervision of PhD students with an interest in (and ideally direct exposure to) international business within frontier markets and the world’s poorest economies. Topics within this research area can range broadly from: FDI into or exit from these countries, social intermediation to reduce poverty, the role of management education, and response strategies for rare events, among others. Sample research:

• Foreign subsidiary exit from Africa: The effects of investment purpose, diversity and orientation (Global Strategy Journal)
• Caught in the crossfire: Dimensions of vulnerability and foreign multinationals exit from war-affected countries (Strategic Management Journal)
• Social intermediation in Base-of-the Pyramid Markets (Journal of Management Studies)
• The 39 Country Initiative and Africa (Africa Journal of Management)
• The importance of rare events and other outliers in global strategy research (Global Strategy Journal)

Professor Klaus Meyer is recruiting PhD students with a research interest in the strategies and operations of multinational enterprises originating from emerging economies . Multinational enterprises from countries and regions such as China, India or South-East Asia face distinct challenges and opportunities arising from the economic and political structures of their home economies. This line of research is in particular exploring how companies address the strategic and operational challenges of catch-up strategies, including the engagement with market and nonmarket actors at home and abroad. Sample research: 

• Boundary spanners, HRM practices, and reverse knowledge transfer: The case of Chinese cross-border acquisitions (Journal of World Business)
• Emerging economy MNEs: How does home country munificence matter? (Journal of World Business)
• Theoretical foundations of emerging economy research (Journal of International Business Studies)

Professor Andreas Schotter is recruiting Ph.D. students wishing to pursue research at the intersections of international business, economic geography, and innovation, with as particular focus on how Industry 4.0 forces shape multinational enterprise (MNE) activities and the future of work in global value chains. The research considers firm level lenses from corporate strategy and the theory of the firm and microfoundations lenses, bringing the manager into the focus, while considering the rapid changes in the external environment, such as the emergence of digital technologies and increasing global connectedness. The emphasis will be on novel configurational theorizing and methods that seek to accommodate the multiplicity of actors—individuals, firms, industries, countries—and multiplexity of interactions among these actors. We aim to develop new and refine existing knowledge that accounts for the new complexities of configuring the MNE. Sample research:

• International connectedness and local disconnectedness: MNE strategies, city regions and disruption (Journal of International Business Studies)
• Configuring knowledge connectivity and strategy conditions for foreign subsidiary innovation (Long Range Planning)
• Boundary Spanning in Global Organizations (Journal of Management Studies) 

PhD Graduates

Dr. cheng li.

Assistant Professor, University of Manitoba

General manager succession in multinational enterprise subsidiaries

Multinationals face growing demands from nonmarket forces, making them increasingly vulnerable to social and political disruptions. This thesis investigates two sets of relationships that are at the core of multinational nonmarket strategy: firm-government and firm-society relationships, and in so doing advances our understanding of global strategies employed to tackle challenges. It comprises…. Read more about this thesis

Dr. Liang (Arthur) Li

Assistant Professor in International Business at Henley Business School, University of Reading

This dissertation, based on interviews with over 40 managers and longitudinal data from over 1,900 foreign subsidiaries, develops new insights regarding subsidiary general manager (GM) changes in multinational enterprises (MNEs)…. Read more about this thesis

Dr. Jianhua (Jenny) Zhu

Investment Motives and Non-Traditional Foreign Direct Investment

This dissertation examines the characteristics and performance of non-traditional investment motives, with a secondary focus on small-employment subsidiaries. It also investigates how firms re-evaluate and change their organizational control after an industry-wide consumer confidence crisis…. Read more about this thesis

Dr. Liang Liang (Lucas) Wang

Associate Professor, University of New Brunswick

Antecedents and consequences of share distribution in equity joint ventures: A pricing-error approach and empirical evidence

This dissertation bridges the identified literature gaps by developing and testing two empirical models based on the pricing-error rule. According to this rule, only when share distribution of an EJV perfectly matches the two pricing errors will profit sharing to each partner fully offset the errors, which helps save the most on transaction costs…. Read more about this thesis

Dr. Maximilian Stallkamp

Assistant Professor, Virginia Tech

Contemporary perspectives on the internationalization of firms

This dissertation contributes new insights to research on the internationalization of firms. Whereas prior research has focused mostly on the country as the main locational unit of analysis, I examine internationalization from both subnational and (supranational) regional perspectives. Moreover, I investigate the impact of digitalization on internationalization, by studying how ‘digital’ firms expand internationally.... Read more about this thesis

Dr. Dwarka Chakravarty

Assistant Professor, San Diego State University

Foreign Direct Investment in Global Cities and Co-Ethnic Clusters: Characteristics, Performance, and Survival

This dissertation examines the characteristics, profitability, and survival of multinational enterprise (MNE) foreign direct investment (FDI) in North American “global” cities (GCs), such as Los Angeles, New York, and Toronto. Across GCs and their metropolitan areas (Metros), MNEs often co-locate with their home country and co-industry peers in “co-ethnic” and “co-ethnic, co-industry” (CECI) clusters. Despite their substantial influence on the world economy GCs are relatively underexplored as location units of analysis in International Business (IB) research. Accordingly, I address three research questions.... Read more about this thesis

Dr. Yamlaksira Getachew

Assistant Professor, Loyola Marymount University

Institutional Voids, Investment Purposes, and Foreign Subsidiaries of Multinational Enterprises

This dissertation is motivated by two sets of research questions: (a) Whether, how, and when host-country market and institutional conditions have implications for the performance of foreign subsidiaries? And (b) Whether, how, and when investment purposes/motives for which foreign subsidiaries are established relate to the extent to which the subsidiaries/their parents overcome the hazards of or capitalize on the opportunities from operating in locations of high institutional voids?.... Read more about this thesis

Discipline Coordinator

Vanessa C. Hasse

Vanessa Hasse is an Assistant Professor of International Business at the Ivey Business School. Her primary research interests focus on exploring firm-level responses to performance signals (including those triggered by crises/rare events) in an international context, as well as the impact cultural and temporal dimensions have on managerial decision-making.   

Her research has been published in outlets such as the Academy of Management Journal, Global Strategy Journal , and more. She has received international recognition for her work, including the 2023 IM Division Best Paper Award in OB/HRM/OT (AOM) and the 2017 IM Division D'Amore-McKim School of Business, Northeastern University, Best Dissertation Award in International Management (AOM).

Dr. Hasse has authored several case studies and has been recognized as a management educator for her innovations in designing transformative learning experiences. She is the recipient of multiple Teaching Excellence Awards (2021/2022/2023) and was named a Finalist for the 2021 Academy of International Business Teaching Innovation Award. Dr. Hasse is a board member at the Academy of International Business-Canada chapter.

Read full profile »

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New requirement for all applications - applicant consent form.

As of February 26, 2024, all new applications for an Ontario Immigrant Nominee Program ( OINP ) nomination must include the Applicant Consent Form .

The Ontario Immigrant Nominee Program ( OINP ) is the province’s economic immigration program. It works in partnership with the Government of Canada through Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada ( IRCC ) .

Foreign workers, international students and others with the right skills, experience and education apply to the OINP for a nomination.

The OINP recognizes and nominates people for permanent residence who have the skills and experience the Ontario economy needs, and the Government of Canada makes the final decision to approve applications for permanent residence.

For other ways to immigrate to Ontario, visit Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada ( IRCC ) .

Learn about the program

Choosing the right stream.

Discover Ontario’s nine immigration streams.

Guide for employers

Learn how to apply for the approval of an employment position.

Review program updates

Find this year’s updates, news and announcements.

Protect yourself and others from fraud

Learn how to protect yourself and report suspected fraud.

Learn how to apply

Prepare your application and submit.

Learn how to submit your application after you receive an invitation to apply or notification of interest.

How to use the e-filing portal

Find instructions and helpful tips about using the e-filing portal to register an expression of interest or submit your application.

Use a representative to apply

Learn who can be a representative and how to find and appoint a representative.

Register for an invitation to apply or notification of interest

You can only apply to the OINP if you are invited.

Document checklists

Find out what documents you need to submit with your application.

After you submit your application

Sign in or check your application status.

Access the e-filing portal to sign into your account.

Update your application - Expression of Interest streams

Find out how to update your application, withdraw, request a nomination extension and more.

Check application processing times

Get up-to-date information about application processing times.

Update your application - Express Entry streams

Find out how to update your application, withdraw, request a nomination transfer and more.

Business immigration services

The Business Immigration Services team takes an active role in helping employers find talent solutions with immigration. We are here to help businesses navigate the immigration system to:

• fill labour shortages
• retain international students
• get skilled workers faster

As a designated referral partner under Canada’s Global Skills Strategy , OINP business services can help innovative companies that are scaling-up or significantly investing in Ontario. We offer personalized service that can help businesses get an expedited work permit and labour market impact assessment ( LMIA ) processing for your highly skilled talent needs.

We provide info-sessions, in-person or teleconference meetings, and dedicated staff for your assistance.

Contact us today at [email protected]

Promotional materials

To help raise awareness about the OINP , an information sheet is available to download and print:

• English ( PDF )
• French ( PDF )

OINP Legislation

Understand your obligations as an applicant or representative, and the rights and responsibilities of the program.

Ontario Immigration Act, 2015

Ontario Regulation 421/17

Ontario Regulation 422/17

If you have general questions about the OINP :

• use our webform
• Tel : 416-327-0374
• Toll-free: 1-866-214-6820  (toll-free within North America only)
• TTY : 416-325-0866
• Toll-free TTY : 1-866-853-2137

If you have questions about your application for a visa or temporary permit or your application for permanent residence, please contact Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada through their website or by telephone at  1-888-242-2100 (in Canada only).