essays of psychology

How to Write a Psychology Essay

Saul Mcleod, PhD

Editor-in-Chief for Simply Psychology

BSc (Hons) Psychology, MRes, PhD, University of Manchester

Saul Mcleod, PhD., is a qualified psychology teacher with over 18 years of experience in further and higher education. He has been published in peer-reviewed journals, including the Journal of Clinical Psychology.

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Olivia Guy-Evans, MSc

Associate Editor for Simply Psychology

BSc (Hons) Psychology, MSc Psychology of Education

Olivia Guy-Evans is a writer and associate editor for Simply Psychology. She has previously worked in healthcare and educational sectors.

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Before you write your essay, it’s important to analyse the task and understand exactly what the essay question is asking. Your lecturer may give you some advice – pay attention to this as it will help you plan your answer.

Next conduct preliminary reading based on your lecture notes. At this stage, it’s not crucial to have a robust understanding of key theories or studies, but you should at least have a general “gist” of the literature.

After reading, plan a response to the task. This plan could be in the form of a mind map, a summary table, or by writing a core statement (which encompasses the entire argument of your essay in just a few sentences).

After writing your plan, conduct supplementary reading, refine your plan, and make it more detailed.

It is tempting to skip these preliminary steps and write the first draft while reading at the same time. However, reading and planning will make the essay writing process easier, quicker, and ensure a higher quality essay is produced.

Components of a Good Essay

Now, let us look at what constitutes a good essay in psychology. There are a number of important features.

• Global Structure – structure the material to allow for a logical sequence of ideas. Each paragraph / statement should follow sensibly from its predecessor. The essay should “flow”. The introduction, main body and conclusion should all be linked.
• Each paragraph should comprise a main theme, which is illustrated and developed through a number of points (supported by evidence).
• Knowledge and Understanding – recognize, recall, and show understanding of a range of scientific material that accurately reflects the main theoretical perspectives.
• Critical Evaluation – arguments should be supported by appropriate evidence and/or theory from the literature. Evidence of independent thinking, insight, and evaluation of the evidence.
• Quality of Written Communication – writing clearly and succinctly with appropriate use of paragraphs, spelling, and grammar. All sources are referenced accurately and in line with APA guidelines.

In the main body of the essay, every paragraph should demonstrate both knowledge and critical evaluation.

There should also be an appropriate balance between these two essay components. Try to aim for about a 60/40 split if possible.

Most students make the mistake of writing too much knowledge and not enough evaluation (which is the difficult bit).

It is best to structure your essay according to key themes. Themes are illustrated and developed through a number of points (supported by evidence).

Choose relevant points only, ones that most reveal the theme or help to make a convincing and interesting argument.

Knowledge and Understanding

Remember that an essay is simply a discussion / argument on paper. Don’t make the mistake of writing all the information you know regarding a particular topic.

You need to be concise, and clearly articulate your argument. A sentence should contain no unnecessary words, a paragraph no unnecessary sentences.

Each paragraph should have a purpose / theme, and make a number of points – which need to be support by high quality evidence. Be clear why each point is is relevant to the argument. It would be useful at the beginning of each paragraph if you explicitly outlined the theme being discussed (.e.g. cognitive development, social development etc.).

Try not to overuse quotations in your essays. It is more appropriate to use original content to demonstrate your understanding.

Psychology is a science so you must support your ideas with evidence (not your own personal opinion). If you are discussing a theory or research study make sure you cite the source of the information.

Note this is not the author of a textbook you have read – but the original source / author(s) of the theory or research study.

For example:

Bowlby (1951) claimed that mothering is almost useless if delayed until after two and a half to three years and, for most children, if delayed till after 12 months, i.e. there is a critical period.

Maslow (1943) stated that people are motivated to achieve certain needs. When one need is fulfilled a person seeks to fullfil the next one, and so on.

As a general rule, make sure there is at least one citation (i.e. name of psychologist and date of publication) in each paragraph.

Remember to answer the essay question. Underline the keywords in the essay title. Don’t make the mistake of simply writing everything you know of a particular topic, be selective. Each paragraph in your essay should contribute to answering the essay question.

Critical Evaluation

In simple terms, this means outlining the strengths and limitations of a theory or research study.

There are many ways you can critically evaluate:

Methodological evaluation of research

Is the study valid / reliable ? Is the sample biased, or can we generalize the findings to other populations? What are the strengths and limitations of the method used and data obtained?

Be careful to ensure that any methodological criticisms are justified and not trite.

Rather than hunting for weaknesses in every study; only highlight limitations that make you doubt the conclusions that the authors have drawn – e.g., where an alternative explanation might be equally likely because something hasn’t been adequately controlled.

Compare or contrast different theories

Outline how the theories are similar and how they differ. This could be two (or more) theories of personality / memory / child development etc. Also try to communicate the value of the theory / study.

Debates or perspectives

Refer to debates such as nature or nurture, reductionism vs. holism, or the perspectives in psychology . For example, would they agree or disagree with a theory or the findings of the study?

What are the ethical issues of the research?

Does a study involve ethical issues such as deception, privacy, psychological or physical harm?

Gender bias

If research is biased towards men or women it does not provide a clear view of the behavior that has been studied. A dominantly male perspective is known as an androcentric bias.

Cultural bias

Is the theory / study ethnocentric? Psychology is predominantly a white, Euro-American enterprise. In some texts, over 90% of studies have US participants, who are predominantly white and middle class.

Does the theory or study being discussed judge other cultures by Western standards?

Animal Research

This raises the issue of whether it’s morally and/or scientifically right to use animals. The main criterion is that benefits must outweigh costs. But benefits are almost always to humans and costs to animals.

Animal research also raises the issue of extrapolation. Can we generalize from studies on animals to humans as their anatomy & physiology is different from humans?

The PEC System

It is very important to elaborate on your evaluation. Don’t just write a shopping list of brief (one or two sentence) evaluation points.

Instead, make sure you expand on your points, remember, quality of evaluation is most important than quantity.

When you are writing an evaluation paragraph, use the PEC system.

• Make your P oint.
• E xplain how and why the point is relevant.
• Discuss the C onsequences / implications of the theory or study. Are they positive or negative?

For Example

• Point: It is argued that psychoanalytic therapy is only of benefit to an articulate, intelligent, affluent minority.
• Explain: Because psychoanalytic therapy involves talking and gaining insight, and is costly and time-consuming, it is argued that it is only of benefit to an articulate, intelligent, affluent minority. Evidence suggests psychoanalytic therapy works best if the client is motivated and has a positive attitude.
• Consequences: A depressed client’s apathy, flat emotional state, and lack of motivation limit the appropriateness of psychoanalytic therapy for depression.

Furthermore, the levels of dependency of depressed clients mean that transference is more likely to develop.

Using Research Studies in your Essays

Research studies can either be knowledge or evaluation.

• If you refer to the procedures and findings of a study, this shows knowledge and understanding.
• If you comment on what the studies shows, and what it supports and challenges about the theory in question, this shows evaluation.

Writing an Introduction

It is often best to write your introduction when you have finished the main body of the essay, so that you have a good understanding of the topic area.

If there is a word count for your essay try to devote 10% of this to your introduction.

Ideally, the introduction should;

Identify the subject of the essay and define the key terms. Highlight the major issues which “lie behind” the question. Let the reader know how you will focus your essay by identifying the main themes to be discussed. “Signpost” the essay’s key argument, (and, if possible, how this argument is structured).

Introductions are very important as first impressions count and they can create a h alo effect in the mind of the lecturer grading your essay. If you start off well then you are more likely to be forgiven for the odd mistake later one.

Writing a Conclusion

So many students either forget to write a conclusion or fail to give it the attention it deserves.

If there is a word count for your essay try to devote 10% of this to your conclusion.

Ideally the conclusion should summarize the key themes / arguments of your essay. State the take home message – don’t sit on the fence, instead weigh up the evidence presented in the essay and make a decision which side of the argument has more support.

Also, you might like to suggest what future research may need to be conducted and why (read the discussion section of journal articles for this).

Don”t include new information / arguments (only information discussed in the main body of the essay).

If you are unsure of what to write read the essay question and answer it in one paragraph.

Points that unite or embrace several themes can be used to great effect as part of your conclusion.

The Importance of Flow

Obviously, what you write is important, but how you communicate your ideas / arguments has a significant influence on your overall grade. Most students may have similar information / content in their essays, but the better students communicate this information concisely and articulately.

When you have finished the first draft of your essay you must check if it “flows”. This is an important feature of quality of communication (along with spelling and grammar).

This means that the paragraphs follow a logical order (like the chapters in a novel). Have a global structure with themes arranged in a way that allows for a logical sequence of ideas. You might want to rearrange (cut and paste) paragraphs to a different position in your essay if they don”t appear to fit in with the essay structure.

To improve the flow of your essay make sure the last sentence of one paragraph links to first sentence of the next paragraph. This will help the essay flow and make it easier to read.

Finally, only repeat citations when it is unclear which study / theory you are discussing. Repeating citations unnecessarily disrupts the flow of an essay.

Referencing

The reference section is the list of all the sources cited in the essay (in alphabetical order). It is not a bibliography (a list of the books you used).

In simple terms every time you cite/refer to a name (and date) of a psychologist you need to reference the original source of the information.

If you have been using textbooks this is easy as the references are usually at the back of the book and you can just copy them down. If you have been using websites, then you may have a problem as they might not provide a reference section for you to copy.

References need to be set out APA style :

Author, A. A. (year). Title of work . Location: Publisher.

Journal Articles

Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (year). Article title. Journal Title, volume number (issue number), page numbers

A simple way to write your reference section is use Google scholar . Just type the name and date of the psychologist in the search box and click on the “cite” link.

Next, copy and paste the APA reference into the reference section of your essay.

Once again, remember that references need to be in alphabetical order according to surname.

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629 Psychology Essay Topics & Examples

Struggle with essay writing on mental health, disorders, or overall well-being? Our team has prepared this list of psychology essay topics for high school and college students.

📃 Aspects to Cover in a Psychology Essay

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At the core of every excellent psychology essay are the writer’s comprehensive knowledge and ability to structure it into bite-sized clusters of information.

While it is evident that your topic is your guiding line, you should not limit yourself to focusing only on the information you are including. Instead, you should try to cover all aspects of essay writing in your paper, from facts and their sources to writing strategies.

Psychology Essay Topics

From self-analysis and obedience to nonverbal communication and various mental disorders, most subjects may seem interrelated and reflective of each other.

Your search for an issue that is yours should begin with analyzing psychology essay prompts, such as:

• What branch of psychology interests you most?
• Which theorists have contributed to this branch?
• Which issues and mechanisms have they outlined?
• Is there adequate supplementary research on these problems?
• What is the opinion of contemporary academia on these subjects?
• Do you want to build upon existing arguments or attempt to critique?

After this, you can analyze what resonates with you, for example, a particular theory or a specific personality, and you can begin writing a thesis statement for your paper.

Pre-writing

Doing your research beforehand helps you get an understanding of how to develop your central theme. Your bibliography and your used titles demonstrate not only your credibility but also the approach you have regarding your subject.

A well-versed reader may even draw a correct conclusion regarding which theorists have influenced your work, even if you did not explicitly state them in your paper, judging by your used sources.

Therefore, be selective in choosing what books and journals to use for your essay and include only those that help advance your pre-written thesis statement.

Referencing information from books and journals is an essential aspect of writing an essay, as this demonstrates the soundness of your ideas per the academic viewpoint on your subject.

Psychology Essay Structure

Your essay may only be as good as the outline you create for it. When you divide your work into thematic blocks, you can begin to see which topics are lacking in development and may need extra attention.

Furthermore, when you split your work up, it becomes easier to write and create interconnected paragraphs. Who takes on the role of the appraiser, the used mechanism, and the personal and social implications of it are all examples of dissecting social evaluation into smaller problems.

Addressing each of these blocks in separate paragraphs helps maintain a coherent yet exciting narrative.

• Your introduction should give your audience a brief overview of the issue that you will develop throughout the next pages;
• Your conclusion should summarize your findings, effectively outlining the outcome of your work per your thesis statement;
• The body paragraphs between your introduction and conclusion, as per you outline, should each address a single theme, creating a unique, interflowing narrative.

If you are not sure how to do this, then read an available psychology essay example to gain a better understanding of how to develop your theme.

Sample papers are an excellent way to jump-start your writing, as you can see for yourself, which approaches to essay wiring work and do not, respectively implementing or removing them from your essay.

Need more help before you can get started? Use IvyPanda for all your essay-writing needs!

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• Psychologists and Assessments Related to Death Sentence The paper aims to explore human rights related to the controversy and the ethical implications associated with the dispute. On the contrary, these psychologists may be ordered to give an evaluation of the psychological retardation […]
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• Human Psychology as a One of the Main Objects of Public and Professional Interest The fact that “psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes” sets the stage for understanding the meaning and significance of other concepts, including the relationship between biology and psychology in Chapter 2 […]
• The Phases of a Crime and Their Importance in Psychological Profiling Attempt and accomplishment, the third and fourth phases of a crime respectively, differ in the sense that an attempt is a failed crime.
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• Paraphilias in Men and Women From Psychological Perspective The psychoanalytic theory clearly indicates that paraphilic disorder is a function of psychological abuse and other factors that are yet to be established.
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• The History Development of Psychology: The Understanding of Human Behavior The aim of the paper is to identify the reasons that have shaped and led to the development of the history of psychology.
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• Crimes in Biological, Psychological, Sociological Theories With the course of time, people also started paying attention not to the very commitment of crimes but to the triggers that made a person act in a particular way.
• Psychology in Everyday life While some individuals may think of psychology as a course that is only important to students, therapists or everyone else that is interested in the field of psychology, knowledge in psychology is actually helpful to […]
• “Turns of the Screw”: The Psychology of the Story The author presents the story as a sequence of events that really existed, however, in this paper we will provide the argument that the reliability of the narrator can be argued and that ghost was […]
• The Psychology of Verbal and Nonverbal Communication On the other hand, one is to keep in mind that the main purpose of the kind of communication is to aid in the formulation of thoughts or ideas, which are expressed through speech.
• Psychology in Movies: Stephen Chbosky’s Wonder Therefore, this film is a perfect example of how psychology can be integrated into a movie to raise the audience’s awareness and morale.
• Psychologist William Sheldon: Theories and Methods Sheldon did not belong to the so-called pseudo-scientists, as he put the ancient points of view of the affiliation between the type of body and temperament on sheltered basics. The last type of body and […]
• Women in Psychology: Karen Horney Many traditionalists were incensed and the principle to instruct boys and girls on the same level, with the same method, with the hope of reaching the same goal, is generally viewed as a psychological and […]
• Psychology in the “50/50” Hollywood Film The terror management theory is a psychological concept to describe the instinct of self-preservation present in all humans which drives motivation and behavior under the threat of mortality. A threatening stimulus in the form of […]
• Counseling Psychology in Dealing With Divorce One of the end results of divorce is the change of the emotional and mental state of an individual. Counseling was introduced in the country in the 1950s owing to the recognition of the vitality […]
• Personalistic and Naturalistic Approach in the History of Psychology Therefore, changes and progress occur due to the goals and charisma of individuals who changed the course of history. In contrast, naturalistic theory implies that social, intellectual, and cultural development depends on the Zeitgeist, the […]
• New Psychological Knowledge and Existing Theories To understand the issue more specifically, an example of research that led to the prevalence of claims in the media regarding the danger of exposing children to video games should be examined.
• Forensic Psychology, Its Tasks and Importance Forensic psychology is the subspecialty in professional psychology that studies various aspects of the legal system and law in terms of psychological practice.
• Saddam Hussein Psychological Analysis The following paper provides a summary of some of the relevant points in Post’s political profile of the leader during three periods of crisis in Hussein’s life and in the history of Iraq.
• Treatment of Psychological Disorders It upsets the balance of the body, and the restoration of it requires the calming down of the chemical reaction in the body, as well as the change in a person’s thinking.
• Psychology, Theology, and Spirituality in Christian Counseling The author adds that the counselor needs spiritual maturity in a bid to get the client to the same level of maturity.
• Modern Cognitive Psychology Renaissance philosophers of the seventeenth century attempted to use graphical representations to demonstrate the structure and operations of the human brain.
• Positive Examples of Conformity and Obedience Psychology Social influence refers to the ability of an individual to influence another person or a group of people in according to one’s own will.
• Personality Tests in the Field of Psychology In addition to that, the test’s questions touch on various aspects of a person’s life thus analyzing their personality from different angles.
• Psychological Perspectives: Jason’s Life Case However, the real self Jason was a man who tended to isolate himself from family and have inferiority complex along with unrecognized homosexual tendencies. Moreover, Jason did not feel parental support because of the conditions […]
• Serial Killer Psychology: Eileen Wuornos Eileen was a woman without remorse as she was not bothered by the death of her victims. It is said that her intention was to capture the attention of the man she was dating.
• Leadership and Organizational Psychology of Vince Lombardi The Meyers-Briggs Type Indicator is one of the most renowned personality tests an individual can use to assess one’s leadership journey.
• A Clinical Psychologist – Dr. Na’im Akbar As a faculty member, he also agitated for the introduction of courses in Black psychology that would also serve the interests of the black minority race.
• Personality Psychology: Cinderella’s Personality A lot of Cinderella time is spent working in the house, and she exhibits a high degree of submission. Cinderella behaviour is not linked to her personality but the immediate environment that she lives in.
• Love and Memory From a Psychological Point of View The commonly known love types include affection, passionate love, friendship, infatuation, puppy love, sexual love, platonic love, romantic love and many other terms that could be coined out to basically describe love.
• Psychological Test Design Process There are six steps in total to design a psychological test and the most important aspect is the clarity of thought while framing the question paper.
• Psychological Testing in Employee Screening The HRI is designed to examine relationships between the supervisor and the employees he/she is in charge of supervising. The instrument is designed to cover the philosophy, principles, and approaches related to the effective performance […]
• Psychological Issues in “Fight Club” by Palahniuk The story focuses upon an unnamed narrator who struggles to find a sense of fulfillment in a world in which personal fulfillment is supposed to be accomplished through making the right purchases and having access […]
• Bowen Family Systems Theory – Psychology In this context, the theory is relevant in demonstrating that the level of stress prevalent in the family due to alcoholism and irresponsible behavior of the family head is directly responsible for the development of […]
• Expectancy Theory in Motivation Psychology According to the theory suggested by Vroom, which would later on be called the Expectancy Theory, the behavior of a person is largely predetermined by the consequences that their behavior is going to have.
• Psychological Trauma: Treatment Planning Their mother, Tanya is the sole breadwinner in the family who works in one of the Information Technologies firm while their father is a local driver with one of the truck companies in the city.
• Violations of Psychological Code of Conduct 8 A psychologist used chimpanzees in his study and paid the staff who cared for the animals. However, the psychologist went on a business trip and forgot to pay his workers.
• Psychological and Sociological Theories in Life People tend to behave in a way that is beneficial for the development of the system. This theoretical paradigm explains people’s choice to obtain the higher education as this enables them to contribute to the […]
• Introduction to Psychological Testing Achievement and Aptitude Tests Is commonly practiced in educational as well as employment set ups, since they tend to measure the scope of understanding of a given knowledge.
• Google Inc.’s Organizational Psychology Organizational psychology plays a critical role in the effectiveness of a firm to find candidates which are able to demonstrate high performance on the job while fitting into the workplace culture, thus a complex talent […]
• Psychology and Enduring Relationships In line with this view and drawing on the link between the length and benefits of coupling, it is important to understand the psychology of enduring relationships to predict the extent that people stay together.
• History of Psychological Assessment: People’s Behavior in Terms of Their Skills This paper discusses the history, advance and the main events of psychological testing applied in China to select the officials in the civil service.
• The Psychology of Addictive Behavior This is because of the debilitating effect the activity has on society and the individual. This report will concentrate on the factors of addictions that cause serious harm to society.
• Cognitive Psychology: Clarkston Industries Company’ Case This is one of the arguments that she can put forward to justify her decision about Jack’s status in the company.
• Psychology in Gilman’s “The Yellow Wallpaper” The reading of Gilman story’s few initial lines suggests that the reason why the narrator and her husband John decided to spend the summer in a secluded mansion is that this was supposed to help […]
• Inevitable Prejudice in Social Psychology Adorno supposes that the authoritarian personality is hostile to those of an inferior rank and servile to those of a higher rank.
• Research in Industrial and Organizational Psychology Basic research in I/O psychology can be described as a study or research conducted in an organization with the aim of adding more scientific knowledge.
• Social Psychological Concepts of Bullying and Its Types Some of the factors that contribute to bullying include poor parenting, economic challenges, lack of mentorship, and jealousy among others. One of the main concepts used to explain bullying is that of parenting roles and […]
• Human Emotions Psychology: Rooting in Biology or Culture To my mind, both biology and culture play a certain role in human emotions, and it is crucially important to analyze in what way biology turns out to be a root of human emotions and […]
• Psychology And Society In conflict resolution, the one heading the exercise has to have an understanding of the psychology of the conflicting parties. This is why a psychology scholar cannot afford to ignore the works of his/her predecessors.
• Kohut and Self Psychology and the Freudian Classical Model Kohut’s theory of self psychology by contrast returned human agency to the theory of personality and promoted a more dynamic interplay between the individual and his or her environment.
• Culturally Informed Psychological Assessment They do not posit a single culture, requiring the assessor to discern these cultures and their influence on a person’s psychological behavior.
• Industrial and Organizational Psychology Theory Industrial/organizational psychology is a field that applies psychology principles to the workplace.It can be used to solve issues that occur in the organizational context.
• Physiological Psychology Definition The nervous system affects behavior through the brain; it is the signals that are sent via its tendons to the brain that will affect the behavior of an individual.
• Biology and Psychology in Behavior Explanation Nonetheless, the primary goal of this essay is to provide examples of the biological functioning of the body and explain their importance in psychology while understanding the motives for the particular behavior.
• Gestalt Theory as a Psychological Perspective The strengths of Gestalt in counseling include its provision of flexible and phenomenological diagnoses that are focused on the identification of patterns and themes that are specific and unique to an individual client.
• Technology in Psychological Assessment The speed in conducting tests with the help of technology and the improved data analysis based on the effective use of statistical procedures make the technology play the important role in the sphere of emotional […]
• The Mind-Body Problem in the History of Psychology The crux of the problem is evident from its name: what is the relationship between the mind and the body? A prominent medieval philosopher Thomas Aquinas ties the issue of the body and the soul […]
• Introduction to Clinical Psychology This means that clinical psychology plays a vital role in promoting the development of mental and behavioral health of patients with mental disabilities.
• Educational Psychology in Learning and Teaching Thus, this course has significantly helped me as a teacher in studying and applying modern research methodologies and suppositions, practices and plans which emphasize on the use of both quantitative and qualitative methods in improving […]
• Socio-Cultural Approach to Psychology This is influenced by a transmission of resources from the care givers to the dependencies. The kind of attention and language the child gets is from the surrounding.
• Sensation and Perception Studies in Psychology Senses such as hearing and taste help in the study of sensation and perception in psychology and how people practice them in their environment.
• “On Psychological Oppression” by Sandra Bartky Psychological oppression is to have a harsh dominion exercised over your self-esteem and make the victims their own oppressors.
• Personal Development: Psychological Difficulties, Sexuality In my opinion the period of adolescence is the most difficult in human life and I think that it would be interesting to discuss the attitude to sexuality with the help of personal development theories.
• Psychological Traps in the Human Decision Making They include the anchoring trap, the status-quo trap, the sunk cost trap, the confirming evidence trap, the framing trap, the overconfidence trap, the prudence trap, and the recall-ability trap.
• Positive Living Skills by Terry Orlick He nurtures people, regardless of their age or culture, to be part of the transformation of the world to be a better place to live in.
• Correctional Psychology and Its Procedures This paper gives a detailed discussion on correctional psychology covering aspects like the personality inventories used in selection of correction psychologist, duties and activities of a correctional psychologist and the challenges faced, the career opportunities […]
• Justine’s Psychological State in “Melancholia” The planet is representation of the anger. The planet is representation of Justine’s anger and the Earth is Justine’s ego.
• Abraham Maslow, the Father of Humanistic Psychology From the above pyramid, Maslow contributed immensely to the field of psychology because he impacted people’s perception of psychology by introducing the concept of humanistic psychology.
• Structuralism, Functionalism and Cognitive Theory in Psychology This was done by Ferdinand de Saussure, the French psychologists firmly believed that the theory of Structuralism was not restricted to linguistics alone and later this theory was also applied to various other subjects. Structuralism […]
• Psychological and Psychosocial Support in Disaster Nursing The paper reviews the presently available literature on the topic, covering the aspects of the significance of psychological and psychosocial support and related education, as well as the perceptions of nursing, existing problems in the […]
• Social Psychology: Definition, Aspects and Theories In contrast, social psychology is the study of the causes of behavior and mental attitudes. Social psychology deals with the study of how different contexts influence human behavior, feelings, thoughts, and other mental states.
• Forensic Psychology: Television v. Reality The qualification of a psychologist in the forensic field to qualify as an expert witness is dependent on the reputation as well as the experience that a psychologist has in this field.
• Psychology in the Episode of Dr. Phil’s Show Based on the various theories and interpretations of human behavior and mental health, each psychological perspective would handle the symptoms and issues of the main character in a different way.
• Psychological Concepts in “A Child Called “It” by Pelzer For example, in one of the episodes of his memories, Dave recalls being instructed by his mother to repeat the phrase “I am a bad boy” while looking at the mirror.
• Psychological Interventions: Becoming a Helper I encountered first-order intervention as means of urgent support during a critical situation when I had to refer a person to a crisis prevention hotline. In conclusion, first and second-order interventions aim to help a […]
• Astrology as Pseudo-Psychology
• Stroke Analysis: Psychology and Causes
• What Is Environmental Psychology?
• Environmental Design Psychology Theory
• Psychology of Choice and Decision-Making
• Educational Psychology: Strong Points and Weaknesses
• Albert Bandura: An Eminent Psychologist
• Egoism: Ethical and Psychological Egoism
• Anorexia Nervosa in Psychological Point of View
• Current Trends in Psychological Research
• Psychological Theories and Methods Behind Training of Service Animals
• Introduction to Psychology: Motivation and Emotion
• Psychology in Childcare: Theory and Practice
• ANOVA Test on the Level of Psychological Aggression
• Behaviorism in Development of Psychology
• Noam Chomsky’s Contribution to Cognitive Psychology
• Forensic Psychology in the Criminal Justice System
• Psychological Perspectives and Schools of Thought
• The Psychology of Personality: Counselling Process
• Humanist Psychology, Cognitive Psychology and Positive Psychology
• Human Interaction With the Surrounding Environment
• Introduction to Psychology: Rating Attractiveness: Consensus among Men, not Women, Study Finds
• Cross-Cultural Psychology Study
• Written and Psychological Contracts of Employment
• Psychology Aspects in Spearman’s, Stenberg’s and Gardner’s Models of Intelligence
• Obesity: Psychological/ Sociological Issue
• Psychological Effects of Relocation
• Forensic Psychology: Validating Eyewitness Testimony
• Psychological Trauma, Development and Spirituality
• Social Anxiety Disorder Causes and Symptoms
• Aviation Psychology
• “Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity” by David N. Entwistle
• Definition of Cognitive Psychology
• Concept of the Theory of Behaviorism in Psychology
• Multicultural Psychology as a Subspecialty of Psychology
• Behaviorism and Its Impact on Psychology
• Sports Can Improve the Psychological Well-Being of People with Disability
• Relationship Between Psychology and Christian Faith
• Cognitive Psychology – A Concept of Attention
• Interview Research Profile: Psychological Profile
• Positive Psychology: The Science of Happiness
• Chaim Potok: Psychological Transformation in “The Chosen”
• Zeitgeist Influences on the Birth of Gestalt Psychology
• Psychology of Anakin and Padme From “Star Wars: Revenge of the Sith”
• Community Psychology: Social Change and Justice
• Foolishness: Psychological Perspective
• Forensic Psychology’s Risk Assessment
• Individualism Versus Group Cognition in Psychology
• Positive Psychology and Academic Stress
• Psychological First Aid for Disaster Victims
• Humans Behavior: Physical and Psychological Needs
• Infants’ Psychology and Development
• Cognitive Psychology Development Important Milestones
• Psychological Testing Tools: Intelligence Tests
• African American Culture: Psychological Processes
• Child Psychology Development
• Influence of Heavy Metal Music on Adolescence (Behavior, Identity, Mood, Regulation, Psychology)
• Role of Research and Statistics in the Field of Psychology
• Historical Perspective of Abnormal Psychology
• Freud and Jung Psychology
• The Philosophy of Psychology
• Moral Development and Its Relation to Psychology
• Psychological Impacts of Sexual Abuse on Ryan
• Culture, Emotions, and Psychology Relationships
• Psychological Foundations of Criminal Behavior
• Renee Baillargeon Biography and Her Contribution to the Developmental Psychology
• Theories of Psychology: Behavioral, Cognitive, Developmental
• Functionalism School of Psychology
• Adolescent Consumer Psychology and Feedback Loop
• Martin Seligman’s “Flourish” and Modern Psychology
• Forensic Psychology: Media and Crime Relationship
• Childhood, Adolescence, Young Adulthood Psychology
• Industrial Psychology in Employee Selection and Training
• Burrhus Frederic Skinner and his Influence on Psychology
• Influence Physical Environment on Human Psychology
• Positive Psychology and Chinese Culture
• Application of Clinical Psychology
• Psychological Egoism vs Ethical Egoism
• The Psychological Explanation of Terrorism
• Psychological Profile: Charles Manson
• Emerging Issues in Multicultural Psychology
• Psychological Approaches: Applying to Personal Life
• Psychological Factors Affecting Sex Workers
• Psychological Imbalance: Mental Health Issues
• Character’s Psychology in “Jazz” by Toni Morrison
• Abnormal Psychology Case Study: General Anxiety Disorder
• Psychology of Conflict Communication
• Socialization of Adolescents in Modern Psychology
• Goal Setting in Sport Psychology: Enhancing Athletes’ Performance and Building New Skills
• Understanding the Psychological Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Society
• William James and His Contributions to Psychology
• Fetishism: Psychological Sexual Disorder
• Application of Psychology in Workplace Environment
• Psychological and Sociological Issues in Australian Tourism
• Psychology of Sexual Response Cycle
• Health Psychology: Going Through a Breast Cancer Diagnosis
• Cognitive Psychology: Culture and Cognition
• Cognitive Psychology: Intelligence and Wisdom
• Decision-Making in Cognitive Psychology
• Psychological Theories Explaining Violent Crime
• Social Psychology of Attraction
• Definition of Five Perspectives in Psychology
• Depression as a Psychological Disorder
• Analytical Psychology of Carl Jung
• Psychology: Drug Impact and Use Prevention
• Psychology Forces in Wilber’s “Spectrum of Consciousness”
• Learning Journal in the Social Psychology Study
• Psychology: Chewing Gum’ Negative Effects
• Psychological Safety in a Team Environment
• Obesity: Physical and Psychological Consequences
• Forensic Psychology: Eyewitness Testimonies’ Unreliability
• Psychologist’s Roles in Criminal Justice System
• Academic Dishonesty in Psychologist’s Ethics
• Death in Psychological and Personal Understanding
• Christine Ladd-Franklin’s Contribution to the Psychology
• Psychological Definition of Persuasion
• The Psychology of Personality: Maya Angelou’s Case
• Jury Selection Process Psychology
• Developmental Psychology: Designing Educational Toys
• Adolescence and Adulthood Developmental Stages – Psychology
• “The Power of Habit” by Charles Duhigg – Psychology
• Involvement of Psychologists in Military Interrogations
• Cognitive Psychology Definition and Concept
• Psychological Issues: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
• Ethical Reflection of Psychological Experiments
• Psychology Issues in Mark Twain’s “The Lowest Animal”
• Psychology Issues: Group Survival in Extreme Situations
• Psychology Research and Its Methods
• The Effect of HRM Practices on Psychological Contract in Organisation
• Is Homosexuality a Psychological Condition?
• How Has the Jungian Theory Contributed to the History and Systems of Psychology?
• The Concept of Ego Depletion in Psychology
• Industrial/Organizational Psychology Project
• Research Methods in Psychology
• Childhood Friendship and Psychology
• Historical Perspectives of Abnormal Psychology
• Forensic Psychology Role in the Investigation of Crime
• Bernard Williams The Self and the Future and Psychological Continuity Theory of Personal Identity
• Analysis of the History of Biological Psychology and Its Relationship With Other Psychology Branches
• Developmental Theories in Psychology
• Psychological Testing in the Workplace
• Psychology of Sleep: Article Study
• Contemporary Issues in Cultural & Cross-Cultural Psychology
• Organizational Psychology: Productive and Counterproductive Behaviors
• Sex Addiction as a Psychological Disorder
• The Real Father of Psychology
• Stuttering Management: Psychological Therapy Effectiveness
• Ecstasy Unveiled: The Journey from Therapeutic Compound to Street Drug
• Dual Relationships in Psychology: A Personal and Professional Journey
• Retrieval Learning in Cognitive Psychology
• The Use of Creativity in Psychology
• Cross-Cultural Psychology in Contemporary Psychiatry
• Benefits of Learning Psychosomatics as Branches of Clinical Psychology
• Modern Psychological Counseling
• Evolutionary Psychology and Christian Worldview
• Psychological Concept of Processing Stimuli
• Psychological Analysis of Gilman’s The Yellow Wallpaper
• Introducing the World of Psychology
• The Organizational Project: Psychological Needs Application Development
• Amundson on Hedonic Psychology, Disability, and Life Quality
• Psychology of Personality: Role Models
• Biological Psychology: Lesion Studies and Depression Detection
• “Researching and Practicing Positive Psychology…” by Wang
• Drug Abuse and Its Psychological Effects
• Psychology: Areas of Application
• Social Psychology and Personality: Lessons Learnt
• Positive Psychology Intervention for Ageing Population
• Effects of Different Music on Psychological State
• Psychological Conditions in Addition to Highly Superior Autobiographical Memory
• Post-Fordism: Industrial and Organizational Psychology
• Cognitive Psychology: The Effects of Memory Conformity
• Correctional Psychology’s Impact on the Penitentiary System
• Psychological Concepts: Nature vs. Nurture
• Human Psychology: Fulfilling Internal Needs
• Developmental Psychology of an Immigrant Family
• Psychological Traits in Consumer Spending Habits
• Social Justice in Counseling Psychology
• Adulthood and Puberty Psychology
• Vignette: Psychological Child Maltreatment
• Psychology: Proposed Implementation and Evaluation Plan
• Forensic Psychologist’s Role in Homicide Investigation
• Clinical and Counseling Psychology
• Psychology: The Aftermath of a Death
• Psychological Testing and Assessment
• Ethics: Informational and Psychological Security of the Individuals
• Test (Gender) Bias in Psychology
• The Via Classification Test as a Psychological Tool
• The Role of Technology in the Psychology Profession
• Psychological Counseling and Psychotherapy
• Some Basic Propositions of a Growth and Self-Actualization Psychology
• Anorexia as Social and Psychological Disease
• The Impact of Technology Development on the Adolescence Psychology
• Psychological Determinants of Adolescent Predisposition to Deviant Behavior
• SOAP Case-Notes: Psychological Rehabilitation
• Testing and Evaluation in Psychological Research
• Psychological Theories of Grandfather’s Development
• Application of Cognitive Psychology
• Screening Survey in Psychological Science
• Causes of Premature Termination of Psychological Treatment
• Celebrities’ Psychological States: Diagnoses Are Not Cut and Dry
• Bipolar Disorder: A Major Psychological Issue in America
• The Psychological and Physiological Effects of Cannabis
• Socio-Psychological Trust Issues in Youth
• Researching of Abnormal Psychology
• Developmental Psychology as Scientific Study
• Exam Anxiety as Psychological Disorder
• Child Psychology Research and Ethics
• Historical Impact of Psychology on Human Resource Management
• Psychological and Psychiatric Diagnoses in a Patient with Multiple Symptoms
• Developmental Psychology Analysis
• Psychology Powered HRM Practice: Meteor Cargo Limited
• Sexting and Its Psychological Consequences
• Psychological Health Issues Among Veterans
• The Psychological Well-Being of Nurses During COVID-19
• The Role of Psychological Support in Teaching
• The Origin of Psychological Disorders: Freud and Adler’s Perspectives
• Psychology and the Nature of Human Conduct
• Biological and Psychological Factors Influencing Drug Experiences
• Adolescent Development: Adolescent Psychology
• Childhood Trauma Long-Term Psychological Outcomes
• Psychology of Type A and Type B Personalities
• Controversial Experiment in Psychology History
• Psychology Development in Mexico
• Applications of Positive Psychology in Healthcare
• Developing a Psychology-Related Career Plan
• Stress as an Important Psychological Issue
• The Eye-to-Eye Project’s Importance for Psychology
• Psychological Health Disparities in Children
• Psychologists and Interrogations
• Psychology: The Little Albert Experiment
• The Consciousness of the Psychological and Physical Effects of Nursing
• Stigma and Psychological Distress in HIV Caregivers
• Rising Interest in Psychology and Psychology Degree
• Urie Bronfenbrenner, a Psychological Researcher
• Psychology in Human Resource Management
• Environmental Psychology: The Impact of Interior Spaces on Childhood Development
• Socio-Psychological Factors of Abortion in Women of Different Age Groups
• Expectations From Psychological-Sociological Course
• Psychological Experiments on Videogames and Theater
• Psychological Disorders Analysis
• Psychology and Personality: The Main Theories
• Misconducts and Self-Care in Psychology Professionals’ Activities
• Device Use and Psychological Disorders: Regression Model
• The Midlife Crisis in Developmental Psychology
• Human Consciousness in Philosophy of Psychology
• Jury Psychology and Decision Criticism
• Psychological Issues of Independent Living
• Future Ways for Helping People With Psychology
• The Relevance of Relational Self-Psychology
• The Psychological Impacts of Rape and Potential Interventions
• Evolutionary Psychology and Psychological Anthropology
• The Psychology of Evil Analysis
• Self-Assessment Test in Psychology
• The Psychological Nature of Memory
• The Discrepancy Between an Original Psychological Article and Its Representation
• Environmental Issues, Psychology, and Economics
• Racial Profiling in Cultural Psychology
• Humanistic Psychology and Its Main Ideas
• Japanese Psychology as World-Renowned School of Thought
• Group Influence as a Social Psychology Issue
• Using Psychological Tests in the Employer’s Decision-Making Process
• Psychology in Sports: Tradition of Stoicism in Sports
• Researching of Criminal Psychology
• Ethical and Psychological Egoism
• Abortion and Its Physical and Psychological Effects
• Psychological Practice in Health Centers
• Sports Psychologists and Chaplains
• Mental Disorders: Biological-Psychological Perspectives and Psychotropic Medications
• Christian Spirituality: Integration Into Sports Psychological Practices
• Emotional and Psychological Impact on Illness Outcomes
• Sports Chaplaincy and Psychology Collaboration
• Physical Health Problems and Psychological State
• Criminology and Psychological Profiling Approaches
• Sex Offence: The Role of Psychological Disorder
• Discussion of Psychological Imbalance
• Consequences of Pandemic COVID-19: The Psychological Climate in the Family
• Psychological Wellness and Mental Health
• My Lot in Life: Psychological Aspects of Education
• Vincent van Gogh: A Brilliant Psychologist and Poet of Art
• Community Psychologists as Agents of a Social Change
• Changing Racial Identity: A Psychological Aspect
• Architectural Development Design: Environmental Psychological Implications
• “The Social Psychology of Compassion” by Radey and Figley
• Psychological Therapy: Borderline Personality Disorder
• “Mindset: The New Psychology of Success” by C. Dweck
• Adolescence and Young Adulthood in Educational Psychology
• Positive Psychology’s Influence on the Self
• Psychological Disorders: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment
• How Psychological Science Aligns With Biblical Truth About Self-Handicapping?
• Hewlett-Packard: Application of Cross-Cultural Psychology
• A Career in Counseling Psychology
• Understanding Human Psychology: Brain Stimulation
• Career Field in Psychology: Counselor
• The Influence of Positive Psychology
• Sensation and Perception: Psychological Science
• God of the Bible From a Psychological Perspective
• Psychological Considerations and Sociological Effects of Drones
• The Elderly Abuse: Physical and Psychological Aspects
• Is “Candide” Positively Influenced by Psychological Factors
• Psychology: Emotional Regulation
• The Dying Person: Physical, Psychological, and Social Care
• The Field of Psychology: Practice Standards
• Implications of Theological and Psychological Reflections on Human Behavior
• Psychological Lens Narrative: Personal Experience
• Influence of Psychological and Behavioral Aspects of the Individual on Exposure to Herd Investing
• Writing Proposal in Psychology
• Investigation: Psychology of Sport Fans
• Professional Psychology: Importance of Confidentiality and Code of Conduct
• Personality Psychology Overview
• Psychological Profile of Vladimir Putin
• Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Psychological Problems
• Deprogramming Cult Members: Religious and Psychological Analysis
• Analysis of Plays: Psychological Critical Perspectives
• Child Development: Psychological Factors and Theories
• Forensic Psychology and Behavioral Analysis
• Psychological Disorders: Classification
• History of Ethical Principles in Psychology
• Research Design in Psychology
• A Child’s Psychological Development
• Childhood and Adolescence Psychology
• Changes in Life and Psychological Stress Assessment
• Psychology: Health Behavior Change & Reflection
• Psychology Integration: Healthcare Industry
• A Psychological Perspective on Death and Mourning
• Psychological Factors After Officer-Involved Shootings: Officer Needs and Agency Responsibilities
• Cyber-Bullying vs. Traditional Bullying: Its Psychological Effects
• Careers in Industrial-Organizational Psychology
• Child Pornography: Legal and Psychological Implications
• Data Analysis in Psychological Wellbeing Research
• Relationship Satisfaction and Psychological Well-Being Among Greek People With Physical Disabilities
• Generosity and Psychological Well-Being
• Sports Psychology: Zen in the Martial Arts
• Aspects of Sport Psychology Overview
• Nature of Health and Illness: Biological Psychology
• Psychological Aspects of Weightlifting
• The Concepts of Nature and Nurture in Modern Psychologist to Explain Juvenile Delinquency
• Biological Psychology: Memory
• The Impact of Culture on Aging: Psychological and Sociological Analysis
• The Psychological Aspect of Logical Fallacies of Technology
• The Psychology of Interpersonal Relationships
• Development of Structuralism as a Systemic Movement in Psychology
• Psychological Health and Social Environment Correlation
• Psychology: Social Media and Bullying
• Psychological Aftermath of Illnesses and Injuries
• Impact of the Internet on Psychological Wellbeing
• Violence and Aggression Between People as Psychological Phenomena
• The American Psychological Association: Referencing Style
• Neuropsychological and Psychological Disorders
• Apple’s Popularity: Consumers’ Psychology
• Psychological Theories and Tests of Motivation
• Doctoral Program Educational Psychology
• Physical and Psychological Trauma in Women
• Ethical Practices in Psychological Assessment
• Traumatic Brain Injury: Psychological Manifestations
• Research Methods in Psychology: Pros & Cons
• The Horrific Consequences That Result From Inaccurate Psychological Diagnosis
• Management of HR Talent and Teams: Psychological-Contract Perspective
• Motivation Theories in Fulfillment of Psychological Needs
• Psychological Processes Which Affect Various Techniques and Approaches
• Environmental Psychology: Contemporary Educational Institutions
• Teenage Depression: Psychology-Based Treatment
• Industrial Psychology in Explaining Corporate Behaviors
• The Psychological Perceptions of Pain
• The Psychology Concepts Review
• The Evolutionary Psychology Key Points
• History and Evolving Nature of Clinical Psychology
• Evaluating Psychological Information on the Web
• The Psychological Contract and Motivation
• The Hand – The Psychological Personality
• Victims of Disasters: Psychological Traumas
• Psychological First Aid: Connection With Social Support
• Sigmund Freud: Theories and Contribution to Psychology
• Comparing the Psychological Challenges Facing Tom and Laura Wingfield
• Health and Health Policy of HIV and AIDS: Physical and Psychological Wellbeing
• The Psychological Wellbeing of People in a Working Environment
• Job-Oriented Analysis in HR Management
• Features of Psychological Research Methods: Application in Practice
• Consultative Psychology Skills: Applying Skills to Identify the Problem
• The Shifting Gender Composition of Psychology: The Discipline
• Feminist Psychology in Canada
• Contributors in Psychology as a Science
• Personality and Psychology of the Motivation
• Psychology Article Analysis: The Shared Reality
• Social Psychology and Social Neuroscience Connection
• Social Psychology Concepts in News Coverage
• Sleep Deprivation: Biopsychology and Health Psychology
• The American Counseling Association and the American Psychological Association Websites
• Self Concept: Developmental Psychology
• Psychological Issues: Self-Identity and Sexual Meaning Issues, and Memory Processing
• Practitioner-Scholar Model in Psychology
• Psychological Strategies to Understand Literature
• Psychology. Brain Structure and Behavior
• American Psychological Association Style Manual
• Genograms in Family Assessment
• Cognitive Psychology and Its Implications
• Psychology of Aggression and Violence
• Freud’s Impact on Modern-Day Psychology
• Free Will and Choice in Islamic Psychology
• Ethics in the Field of Psychology
• Personal and Social Psychology in Modern Community
• Lifespan Variable: Psychological Aspects
• Freud’s Impact on Modern Psychology
• Psychology of Communication Technology
• Psychological Theoretical Positions of Sigmund Freud
• Philosophical Origins of Approaches to Clinical Psychology
• The Impact of Psychological Problems on a Person
• Psychological Concepts in the Streisand’s Movie “Prince of Tides”
• Clinical Counseling Psychology: Research and Statistics
• Profile Interview: Psychological Assessment
• The Concept of Personality in Psychology
• Clinical Psychology, Its Issues and Purposes
• Media Attention to Psychology
• Developmental Psychology: The Impact of Family-Of-Origin on Adulthood
• Psychological Testing Article Analysis
• Imagery in Sports Psychology and Its Effects
• Child Development and Evolutionary Psychology
• Child Psychology. “Music Lessons Enhance IQ” by Schellenberg
• Child Psychology in a Multicultural Environment
• Psychology. “Self-Esteem” Book by Dr. Matthew McKay
• Parenting Training Classes: A Psychology Experiment
• Ethics in Groups of Psychologists and Counsellors
• Positive Psychology Concerns
• Schizophrenia: An Abnormal Human Behavior
• Psychology Achievement Test
• Music and Text Messaging Influence on Social Psychology and Psychosocial Development
• Folk Psychology. The Role of Folk Psychology
• Environmental Psychology: The Problem of Protection
• Observation Paper Psychologist Theories
• Clinical Psychology Matrix Structure
• Reflection of Personal Learning Style in Psychology
• “Careers in Environmental Psychology” by Conaway
• Discipline of Environmental Psychology
• Criminal Psychological Profiling
• “Psychological Response to Athletic Injuries: Gender Differences”: Article Analysis
• The Theory of Personality Psychology During Depression
• Hebb’s Psychology Theoretical Concepts
• Psychological Concepts in My Life
• Industrial Psychology. Corporate Social Relations
• Group and Individual Thinking: Mob Psychology
• What Can Psychology Teach Us About Human Development?
• How Many Years Will It Take To Be a Psychologist?
• Who Founded the First Laboratory of Scientific Psychology?
• What Does Recent Social Psychology Research Tell Us About?
• How Abraham Maslow and His Humanistic Psychology Shaped the Modern Self?
• Can Positive Psychology Make Us Happier?
• What Way Did Philosophy of Plato Influence Psychology?
• What Are the Different Perspectives of Psychology?
• Are Psychology Journals Anti-replication?
• Does Human Psychology Drive Financial Markets?
• Why Are Men More Depressed Than Women in Psychology?
• How Can Social Psychology Explain the Behavior of Suicide Bombers?
• How and Why Did Psychology Develop as an Academic Discipline?
• Can Evolutionary Psychology Explain Individual Differences in Personality?
• What Are the Advantages and Disadvantages of Quantitative and Qualitative Methods in Psychology?
• How Both Sociology and Social Psychology Can Help Us to Understand Anti-social Behavior?
• What Are the Main Perspectives in the Study of Psychology?
• Can Psychology Explain Sexual Violence?
• What Have Psychologists Found Out About the Psychology of Testimony?
• Why Can’t One Approach to Psychology Describe All Human Behaviour?
• Why Do Psychologists Consider Psychology to Be a Science?
• Who Benefits From Humor-Based Positive Psychology Interventions?
• Does Positive Psychology Ease Symptoms of Depression?
• How Art and Psychology Are Related?
• How Can Applied Psychology Help Make Societies More Peaceful?
• How Behavioral Economics Relates to Psychology?
• Do Psychology and Education Have a Link?
• What Can Evolutionary Psychology Tell Us About Who We Find Attractive?
• What Are the Effects of Bipolar Disorder Psychology?
• Does Psychology Place Too Little Emphasis on the Study of Communication?
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• Cultural Psychology Ideas
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Writing in Psychology Overview

Welcome to the Purdue OWL

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Copyright ©1995-2018 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use.

Psychology is based on the study of human behaviors. As a social science, experimental psychology uses empirical inquiry to help understand human behavior. According to Thrass and Sanford (2000), psychology writing has three elements: describing, explaining, and understanding concepts from a standpoint of empirical investigation.

Discipline-specific writing, such as writing done in psychology, can be similar to other types of writing you have done in the use of the writing process, writing techniques, and in locating and integrating sources. However, the field of psychology also has its own rules and expectations for writing; not everything that you have learned in about writing in the past works for the field of psychology.

Writing in psychology includes the following principles:

• Using plain language : Psychology writing is formal scientific writing that is plain and straightforward. Literary devices such as metaphors, alliteration, or anecdotes are not appropriate for writing in psychology.
• Conciseness and clarity of language : The field of psychology stresses clear, concise prose. You should be able to make connections between empirical evidence, theories, and conclusions. See our OWL handout on conciseness for more information.
• Evidence-based reasoning: Psychology bases its arguments on empirical evidence. Personal examples, narratives, or opinions are not appropriate for psychology.
• Use of APA format: Psychologists use the American Psychological Association (APA) format for publications. While most student writing follows this format, some instructors may provide you with specific formatting requirements that differ from APA format .

Types of writing

Most major writing assignments in psychology courses consists of one of the following two types.

Experimental reports: Experimental reports detail the results of experimental research projects and are most often written in experimental psychology (lab) courses. Experimental reports are write-ups of your results after you have conducted research with participants. This handout provides a description of how to write an experimental report .

Critical analyses or reviews of research : Often called "term papers," a critical analysis of research narrowly examines and draws conclusions from existing literature on a topic of interest. These are frequently written in upper-division survey courses. Our research paper handouts provide a detailed overview of how to write these types of research papers.

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How to Write Brilliant Psychology Essays

• Paul Dickerson - University of Roehampton, UK
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“This book is one I wish I had bought at the start of my Psychology degree.” – Five-star review Essay writing is a key part of the Psychology degree and knowing how to write effective and compelling academic essays is key to success.  Whether it's understanding how to implement feedback you receive on essays, how to stop procrastinating or what makes an effective introduction, this book covers it all. Drawing on insights derived from teaching thousands of students over a 25-year period How to Write Brilliant Psychology Essays provides the keys that will unlock your writing potential.

Ace your Assignment  provide practical tips to help succeed

Exercises  help try the theory out in practice

Take away  points highlight the key learnings from each chapter

Online resources  provide even more help and guidance.

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Paul Dickerson, Emma McDonald and Christian van Nieuwerburgh discuss  study skills, wellbeing and employability  and explore   how university lecturers and student welfare teams can better  support Psychology students  through their university journey.

Students enjoyed this text - they found it easy to read and the author's dry sense of humour appealed to many. Not just for psychologists!

A really useful guide for students, breaking down the components of what constitutes a good essay and written from a subject-specific view - highly recommend

I have recommended this to my first year tutorial groups as it provides them with everything they need to know about producing an excellent psychology essay.

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Essays About Psychology: Top 12 Examples and Prompts

Need a psychology research paper idea? Check out these provoking example essays about psychology to get your writing started.

Psychology is a broad field focusing on the mind and behavior. It’s also concerned with individuals’ consciousness and subconscious.  This branch of science has many subdivisions, such as developmental, social, forensic, and cognitive. Because it’s applicable in various fields, psychology is one of the most popular college courses in the US . 

If you are studying psychology in college, the odds are high that you will need to complete an essay or research paper at some point in your education.  Consider these twelve essay examples and eighteen prompts to get inspired and start writing your essay. 

For help with your essays, check out our round-up of the best essay checkers .

12 Example Essays About Psychology

1. the epidemic of mental illness: why by marcia angell, 2. is the internet making us crazy what the new research says by tony dukoupil, 3. the dark psychology of social networks by jonathan haidt and tobias rose-stockwell, 4. the benjamin franklin effect by david mcraney, 5. caring for your introvert by jonathan rauch, 6. the stanford prison experiment by dr. saul mcleod, 7. why your brain is not a computer by matthew cobb, 8. introduction to psychology by seema r, 9. meaning and definition of industrial psychology by shreyas kammar, 10. do not let negative feelings destroy our lives by anonymous on papersowl, 11. psychology. health behavior change & reflection coursework by anonymous on ivypanda, 12. fields of psychology by seema r, essay prompts about psychology, 1. what is antisocial personality disorder, and how is it treated, 2. the rise of schizophrenia or other serious mental disorders, 3. the role of media and video games in violent behavior, 4. the main factors that impact problem-solving abilities in child development, 5. can serious physical illnesses cause post-traumatic stress disorder, 6. the impact of parenting styles on human development, 7. what stops panic attacks effectively, 8. what is causing the rise in anorexia among children, 9. do teenagers face anxiety in high school, 10. how does low self-confidence hurt athletes, 11. my favorite branch of psychology, 12. psychological disorders: definitions and treatments, 13. how do religious beliefs affect someone’s behavior, 14. analyzation of a psychology theory or experiment, 15. the different careers in psychology, 16. do family relationships affect a child’s behavioral development, 17. effects of racism , 18. a historical figure in psychology.

“It seems that Americans are in the midst of a raging epidemic of mental illness, at least as judged by the increase in the numbers treated for it. The tally of those who are so disabled by mental disorders that they qualify for Supplemental Security Income (SSI) or Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) increased nearly two and a half times between 1987 and 2007—from one in 184 Americans to one in seventy-six. The rise is even more startling for children—a thirty-five-fold increase in the same two decades.”

Angell describes the realities behind mental illness statistics. She then explores why problems like anxiety disorders, depression, and similar issues are rising. Finally, she proposes that they are possibly being diagnosed more frequently than before, more so than becoming more prevalent. You might find our list of books on psychology for beginners helpful.

“The first good, peer-reviewed research is emerging, and the picture is much gloomier than the trumpet blasts of Web utopians have allowed. The current incarnation of the Internet—portable, social, accelerated, and all-pervasive—may be making us not just dumber or lonelier but more depressed and anxious, prone to obsessive-compulsive and attention-deficit disorders, even outright psychotic. Our digitized minds can scan like those of drug addicts, and normal people are breaking down in sad and seemingly new ways.”

In this essay, Dukoupil points out the mental health concerns of constant exposure to social media and other technology. He explores new research into the abnormal psychology disorders this exposure is creating.

“The problem may not be connectivity itself but rather the way social media turns so much communication into a public performance. We often think of communication as a two-way street. Intimacy builds as partners take turns, laugh at each other’s jokes, and make reciprocal disclosures. What happens, though, when grandstands are erected along both sides of that street and then filled with friends, acquaintances, rivals, and strangers, all passing judgment and offering commentary?”

Social media has a dark side, which is what Haidt and Rose-Stockwell explore in this essay. What started as a positive way to build social connections has turned into a public facade that pushes people toward mental health issues. You might also be interested in these essays about sociology .

“The Misconception: You do nice things for the people you like and bad things to the people you hate. The Truth: You grow to like people for whom you do nice things and hate people you harm. Benjamin Franklin knew how to deal with haters.”

In this social psychology essay, McRaney explores how Benjamin Franklin’s people skills created a psychological phenomenon known as the Benjamin Franklin Effect. This theory says that a person who has done someone a favor is more likely to do that person another favor than they would be had they received a favor . McRaney delves into the psychology behind this theory.

“My name is Jonathan, and I am an introvert. Oh, for years I denied it. After all, I have good social skills. I am not morose or misanthropic. Usually. I am far from shy. I love long conversations that explore intimate thoughts or passionate interests. But at last I have self-identified and come out to my friends and colleagues. In doing so, I have found myself liberated from any number of damaging misconceptions and stereotypes. Now I am here to tell you what you need to know in order to respond sensitively and supportively to your own introverted family members, friends, and colleagues.”

Rauch, a self-proclaimed introvert, explores what it means to be one and how people can best care for one. After reading this article, you will be well-equipped for any social interaction involving an introvert.

“The study may also lack population validity as the sample comprised US male students. The study’s findings cannot be applied to female prisons or those from other countries. For example, America is an individualist culture (were people are generally less conforming) and the results may be different in collectivist cultures (such as Asian countries).”

This informative essay talks about the Stanford Prison Experiment and how it impacted the field of psychology as a whole. McLeod also provides some critical evaluation of the study and its findings.

“There are indeed theoretical approaches to brain function, including to the most mysterious thing the human brain can do – produce consciousness. But none of these frameworks are widely accepted, for none has yet passed the decisive test of experimental investigation. It is possible that repeated calls for more theory may be a pious hope. It can be argued that there is no possible single theory of brain function, not even in a worm, because a brain is not a single thing. (Scientists even find it difficult to come up with a precise definition of what a brain is.).”

In this essay, Cobb takes on the ideology that the brain is nothing more than a complex computer. He looks at the current research and draws an opinion on how much more complex the human brain is than simply calling it a computer.

“Psychology is relatively a young science and yet within a brief span it has made tremendous progress. Psychology touches almost every facet of our lives. There is hardly any single aspect of human life where psychology has not made its contribution.”

Unlike most psychology introductions with a direct description and definition, this short essay shows the importance of the subject. Seema R makes this possible by talking about essential industries where psychology makes a unique contribution and how psychologists define behavior. Seema’s findings include behavior is a physical and mental process that helps people adapt to different situations in their environment.

 “It is the study of people at work. It deals with the aptitudes, attitudes, and interests of the people at work… It studies the varied methods of performing manual operations for the better utilisation and the least waste of efforts through human engineering.”

This essay aims to understand the importance of industrial psychology in handling human relations in the workplace. Kammar begins the piece by sharing psychology’s exact meaning and follows it with other definitions from prominent industrial psychology textbook authors. The author then concludes that industrial psychology is research done in a company to create ways to improve industrial workers’ efficiency.

“The World Health Organization has said that depression is a common illness worldwide, with more than 300 million affected… Negative feelings are harmful to our mental health and take away the ability to enjoy our lives.”

The author’s purpose for writing the essay is to let everyone know what and how to deal with negative feelings. In addition, it is to prevent these feelings from worsening and turning into depression. To strengthen the credibility of the essay, the author uses statistics from the World Health Organization and a popular movie related to the topic, “ I Have a Black Dog ” by Will Hutchinson.

“Being mindful of my health habits also enabled me to cultivate self-monitoring techniques and, more importantly, to make health-enhancing behavior. This approach worked because the energy and determination of behavior change came from deep within my heart.”

The essay differs from the examples in this list as it’s from the author’s own experience and how psychology played a role in their journey to becoming a better person.  The author shares their drive to improve and maintain healthy behaviors for a better, more active, happier life. The essay starts with the author sharing the cause and effect of their unhealthy habits, what methods they used, and the struggles they faced along the way. The writer also identifies what helped them the most to achieve a positive change in their behavior.

“Psychology is no longer a subject of academic interest taught in colleges and universities, but its impact has been felt in business, industry, clinics, guidance centers, and education. Psychologists do many things depending on their field of specialization” 

Psychology is a vast field of behavioral study that shows constant growth and development in its subfields. The work and method that the psychologist will use depend on what field they belong to. To help readers better understand the difference between prominent fields of psychology, Seema R writes an informative essay that defines and differentiates each area of specialization of the subject. You might also be interested in our round-up of the best Carl Jung books .

If you are looking for psychology essay topics, here are some prompts for inspiration.

If you are looking for informative essay topic ideas, you could build an exciting essay around defining and exploring treatments for antisocial personality disorder. This disorder, sometimes called sociopathy, causes the individual to ignore the needs and feelings of others and show no remorse for doing wrong. Many serial killers have this disorder, one of the most damaging psychological disorders. Your essay could explore causes and treatments.

Are severe mental disorders, like schizophrenia, on the rise? First, research this topic and then build an essay around it. You will find that rates of this mental disorder are on the rise. After doing the research, determine why this increase might be happening. Then, explore ideas for treatment that might help combat the issue.

Do violent video games and movies cause violent behavior? Do they hurt the development of a child’s psychological well-being enough that the child can commit atrocious crimes? The APA warns that it is a risk factor for aggressive behavior. Answering these questions in your essay could address an important social issue while helping you craft a topical piece, as this type of media is an integral part of modern society.

What factors support children in becoming problem solvers and improve their critical thinking skills? Some research indicates that the school setting is primarily the most impactful. Still, you will also find some research that says parents and familial upbringing play a significant role. After researching, decide what you feel is the most crucial factor. Then, build your paper around that thesis as you prove your choice. You can also provide practical advice to help teachers and parents better teach problem-solving to the children they impact.

Many people think of PTSD as affecting people who have been to war or suffered a traumatic accident or incident, but some research has found that chronic illness can lead to PTSD symptoms . You could build an essay around this, discussing why this is and how doctors could better serve patients by understanding the connection. With an understanding of the link between PTSD and chronic illness, doctors may be able to help their patients not only recover from physical diseases but also the psychological effects of those illnesses.

Parents come in all shapes and sizes, and all have distinct parenting styles. Explore how different parenting techniques impact a child’s development. You can choose a selection of well-researched parenting styles and compare the outcomes with regard to child development. You may also choose to compare your findings to your own upbringing.

A panic attack can stop you in your tracks and make normal functioning impossible. Knowing how to stop a panic attack is vital to protecting the health and well-being of the individual. Explore various ideas for controlling a panic attack and helping someone achieve a positive mental state, such as deep breathing, meditation, or even taking a walk. Discuss why these tactics work and how someone can remember to use them during an attack.

Over half of all teenage girls and a third of adolescent boys have an eating disorder, and most suffer from anorexia. Explore what factors make teens more likely to try to control their weight in this unhealthy manner. Is it our growing dependence on social media and the perfect body image it portrays, or is it a change in our biological makeup? The statistics surrounding teen eating disorders are clear and established, but the cause is not. Consider using your essay to explore the potential causes of this serious issue.

High school is a challenging time for teenagers growing into adults and facing increasing academic pressure, which can result in anxiety. According to the National Institutes of Health , one out of three teenagers will suffer an anxiety disorder. This statistic shows that teenagers do, in fact, face anxiety in high school. Your essay could explore why this is true, include strategies teachers could use to reduce stress and comment on the overall impact of this anxiety on developing adolescents.

Sports psychology can be interesting to explore. In one study , researchers found that athletes’ physical prowess helped their athletic ability between 45% and 48%, while psychological health increased their ability by 79% to 85%. Based on statistics like this, create an essay that explores the impact of self-confidence on performance. 

Psychology has many branches. Choose what interests you the most and tell your readers why you find the field interesting. You can also include how the field’s lessons can be applied in everyday life. Always remember to have a good structure and do proper research to understand the topic and clearly explain it to your readers.

Personality, anxiety, PTSD, and depression are the most common psychological disorders many individuals experience. Writing an essay about these conditions is an excellent way to show how psychology helps people overcome their disorders. In using this prompt, add relevant information such as signs one is suffering from the condition or how to support someone with the illness. If you choose depression as a topic, see our guide on how to write essays about depression.

Beliefs have a significant impact on a person’s behavior. Use this prompt to give your perspective or share your experience on how an individual’s religious beliefs can affect how they think and shape the way they live. In addition, you can delve into the psychological impacts of religion and discuss whether it helps or hinders a person’s mental well-being.

Writing an essay about theories and experiments in psychology is challenging. For this prompt, you will not only choose a popular psychology theory to write about, such as “ Piaget’s Theory of Development ” or the “ Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development ,” but also experiments conducted worldwide to discover how the brain works and why psychological disorders exist. Consider commenting on how well the theory has been absorbed into our society and whether it remains credible.

Since psychology is a popular course, writing about different careers in psychology is an exciting topic. Include jobs such as a forensic psychologist, child psychologist, trauma counselor, or behavioral therapist. Use this prompt to write about a psychologist’s typical duties and responsibilities in a specific field. You can also add how much they earn and what other job opportunities become available through psychology. This topic can encourage your readers to pick a psychology career they want to pursue. 

Teenage pregnancy, rebellion, mental illness, and falling into bad habits are often the result of broken families and bad parenting. Use this prompt to show how vital a good family relationship is in a child’s development. You can add news, blogs, or interview someone willing to share their experiences to make your essay more credible.

Do you need topics on writing about family? Then, check out our 20 engaging essay topics about family.

Racism is a timely and controversial topic in social psychology. Use this prompt to show the effects of racism on an individual or country and add positive initiatives to reduce the violence it causes.

Essay writing tips : Add statistics and recent or popular news about racism to make your arguments reasonable and your essay credible.

Writing about a pertinent person in the history of psychology is one of the most straightforward but fascinating prompts. You should gather the person’s biography and professional history as well as their theories and influence on the subject. Consider famous individuals like Harry Harlow, Sigmund Freud, and other renowned psychologists of which the general public is already aware.

If you are interested in learning more, check out our essay writing tips!

Psychology - Essay Examples And Topic Ideas For Free

Psychology is the scientific study of the mind and behavior. An essay on psychology could delve into various psychological theories, explore the impact of mental health on society, or discuss how psychological principles are applied in education, work, and relationships. Understanding different psychological disorders and the methods used in therapy could also be an engaging topic. A vast selection of complimentary essay illustrations pertaining to Psychology you can find at PapersOwl Website. You can use our samples for inspiration to write your own essay, research paper, or just to explore a new topic for yourself.

Yearbook of Psychology between 1961 and 1971

Introduction Prisoners go through lots of psychological processes when they are confined within the cells. They sometimes go against the orders or follow them according to the types of prisons they occupy. However, there have been various concerns about the psychological aspects of prisoners or those that serve jail terms. This therefore created the need to conduct studies on the psychological aspects of Zimbardos and Milgram? work. This study discusses the major comparisons and contrast between Zimbardo and Milgrams research […]

The Psychology of Reading Behavioral and Cognitive

There is not a generic way to explain how people acquire knowledge. The learning process does not occur with cognition alone. Psychological theories classify learning into the behavioral and cognitive categories. Behavioral Theory The child's environment makes learning possible. Skinner (1957) noted that a reinforcer, such as a child being able to successfully pronounce or making meaning of a word, encourages the repetition of a stimulus, which is the word that is written. Teachers can be on the same page […]

Behavior Changes

1. After analyzing my life, I came to a realization that stress plays a huge role in my life compared to any other minor issue. Stress is a factor that I would like to change, if possible. I would prefer to maintain the stress in my life because it only leads to a life of self-destruction. One negative effect of stress, is that stress can trigger a breakdown of mental health. A mental break down can cause many issues such […]

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Integrated Studies Social Work& Psychology

Introduction For many people who would wish to take their careers into social services, one of the tasking choices to make is between pursuing psychology or social work. While there are some similarities in the two disciplines, they also differ in some ways such as the level of education requited for one to practice and the potential to earn that education level. The two disciplines are concerned with helping people deal with their daily life's problems, but it is equally […]

Inferential Stats Analysis for Psychology

Concerning the data collected, it means that it is easier to draw a valid conclusion regarding the manner in which their variable relates to each group. In this way, it was easier to determine or provide the means of testing the validity of the outcome as well as inferring their characteristics just from a small sample of the participants into a larger one (Goodwin & Goodwin, 2017). In so doing, it implies that it was easier to tell how the […]

Reflection Paper on Eriksons Stages of Development

Introduction Among the early theories of development, the theory proposed by Sigmund Freud is one of the most controversial and at the same time influential of them all. The psychosexual stages of development were proposed by Freud and are responsible for the various changes experienced by the entire development of a child. Erikson followed the footsteps of Freud. However, to some extent, he disagreed with Freud's psychosexual stages. Consequently, he proposed his new theory of psychosocial stages (Hertenstein, 2011). Therefore, […]

Psychology Scientific Journal Article

This experiment was designed to reflect reproducibility as a defining feature of science based on conducted replications several experimental and correlational published in psychological journals using original materials and high powered designs. It focuses on the role of explaining the reasons and the argument basing on making decisions when faced with the need to choose and make solutions by constructing facts that resolve the conflict and justify the made choice to the involved party. In this experiment, the role of […]

Abnormal Psychology

Introduction There many causes of abnormalities. They are based on how people make decisions and the implications they cause to other people and the society in general. Bad grandpa story This story revolves around a grandfather and his grandson. Grandpa displays weird behaviors across the film. He is 86 years but very active and energetic. He wishes his wife to die so that he can be free to do and wherever he feels like. When the doctor tells him that […]

Types of Adversity

According to the Oxford dictionary, adversity is a hostile or an unlucky event or circumstance. It is manifested by a tragedy or suffering. There are various forms of adversity and there are several ways to overcome it. The first form of adversity is physical adversity Several problems are associated with this form. Long-lasting pain, exhaustion and obesity they prompt individuals to fight to attain a sense of normality in their lives. In this kind of situation, the individuals feel they […]

Nature Vs Nurture Psychology Debate

This debate in psychology looks at the different aspects of behaviour and if it is learned behaviour or inherited. To explore this, we will be looking at the case of a 17-year-old boy called Peter. Peter comes from a dysfunctional family and has become involved in violence and anti-social behaviour in his local neighbourhood. We will look at reasons for his aggressiveness is it behaviour from family genes or if it’s learned behaviour from the surrounding environment. (McEldowney 2018) ‘There […]

Sigmund Freud: Life, Theory & Contributions to Psychology

Abstract This is an overview of the life of Sigmund Freud and his influential contributions to psychology. His early life and education are discussed, as well as his thoughts, beliefs, theories and research interests. Sigmund Freud’s major contribution to psychology has been his creation of the psychoanalysis and the psychodynamic approach to psychology. Sigmund Freud believed that with psychoanalysis he invented the science of the mind. Despite repeated criticisms, attempted refutations, and qualifications of Freud’s work, it has remained powerful […]

Advantages and Disadvantages of Active Listening

Active listening it a type of communication used in a learning environment. It entails getting the finest details from the spoken language. It has been used in counselling, conflict resolution, and training. The art requires increased concentration understanding and responding to the sentiments made. The method is used to impact the knowledge. Advantages Understanding better Active listening makes the learner have an increased understanding of the factors discussed in the topic. It enhances the concentration of the audience. It makes […]

Diversity in Psychology: Absence of Gender Equality, Cultural Diversity and Inclusion in Psychology

As a field that explores human experiences, psychology has been pushing to include diversity in its education, research and services. The discipline has been ensuring to include multicultural approach and diversity while emphasizing topics such as individual and cultural differences (Gallor, 2017). As of recent, psychology has been focusing on integrating social justice in its field, specifically academically and in training future professionals. Psychology textbooks and courses lack the of coverage of race, racism, and other forms of oppression, however, […]

“Eminent Women in Psychology” by Martha E. Bernal

Over the course of history women have been defying the social norms of society and have flourish in their ability to thrive and excide to greater things. The power women have gained through every obstacle given to them has inspired many more to follow their dreams. Being a woman is hard enough in a man’s world but being a Mexican-American woman comes with a greeter challenge. Living in a world where being different causes racial discrimination, you have to navigate […]

Steve Jobs Psychology Analysis

Steve Jobs was an American inventor and entrepreneur who co-founded Apple, a company well-known for changing the history of technology through its revolutionary creation of computers, iPods, iPads, and iPhones. Apple has become a recognized brand around the world and its products have won countless awards for their high-tech capabilities, conveniency, and aesthetics, making Jobs one of the most successful businessmen of today. Despite being highly respected in the business world, Jobs had a negative reputation with the public as […]

Getting the Science and Psychology about Homosexuality “Straight”

Homosexuality, a term coined by Karl Maria Kertbeny (Drescher, 2008) is a term simply defined as the sexual attraction to a person of the same sex. Three terms associated with this are homosexual attraction, orientation, and identity which all are involved with homosexuality. Homosexuality has been and is a highly controversial topic within society, politics, religion, and even science. In the journal article, “Homosexuality: Innate or Acquired?”, the statement “Homosexuality has been given different labels throughout history. It has progressed […]

The Brain of a Psycopath

Psychopathy refers to a complex condition that encompasses affective and interpersonal traits like lack of behavior control, guilt, remorse, lack of empathy promiscuity and glibness (Kiehl). A lot is known about psychopathy assessment however, little is known about the associated brain disturbances. It's a severe mental disorder and believed to affect about 1% of global population (Kiehl). This paper discusses three areas of psychopaths brain including amygdala, the prefrontal cortex and extended paralimbic structures. Psychopaths have minimal activity both in […]

Mental Disorders and Correctional Psychology

Rape myths are misconceptions that make the perpetrator the survivor blame for the sexual assault. Rape myths have grown from the long-standing role played by gender, acceptance of violence and misinformation on sexual violence in our society. One myth that most people say is “ Rape happens to certain types of women” and we all know everyone can be raped, regardless of gender, age, race, class, religion, profession, physical capacity, sexual identity or appearance. The victim is not chosen as […]

Psychology of Personality Topic Paper Dr. Larsen

My first article, "The Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Lesbian Identity During Adolescence," covers a study done by Stephanie K. Swann and Christina A. Spivey (2004), which is included in the Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal. Though this journal does not focus specifically on personality-related topics, the issue of self-esteem is one that is covered by personality psychologists. This article is pertinent to my research topic and effectively sheds light on how different stages of sexual identity development shape self-esteem […]

Research Related to Personality Psychology and the Important Role of Research in Explaining it

In this text, we are learning together about personality psychology and the important role of research in explaining it. For this assignment, we read a Finnish study on how personality characteristics affect moods and are considering it against some of the ideas and concepts we have been learning in our text, our Ted Talk, and our discussion board. Personality was measured here by prompted responses to an electronic device taken throughout the day of a test subject's real, situational, daily […]

Jumping on the Bandwagon: the Psychology and Impact of Bandwagon Appeal

In the realm of persuasion, few tactics are as universally recognizable yet subtly influential as the bandwagon appeal. This persuasive strategy taps into a fundamental aspect of human nature: the desire to belong, to be part of a majority, or to be in line with popular opinion. Understanding the nuances of bandwagon appeal not only offers insights into human psychology but also sheds light on its pervasive role in marketing, politics, and social movements. At its heart, bandwagon appeal is […]

Short Story: Narrative of Two Twins, who have Lost Contact with each other

In this exposition, I chose the prompt "A set of long lost twins that end up finding themselves later in life." Primarily, the resemblance between two people has always fascinated people. Statistics illustrate that 22 percent of people living in the world are either fraternal or identical twins. According to Biological studies, identical twins share the same fingerprint pattern because their hormones are the same. Conversely, fraternal twins do not share the same fingerprint pattern like their identical counterparts. Moreover, […]

Sociocultural Psychology: Unraveling the Weave of Society and Mind

The complexities of the human mind and behavior have always been interesting and worth investigating. Sociocultural psychology stands out among other schools of thought in the study of human behavior because of its focus on the interaction between culture and the person. The study's overarching goal is to learn how societal expectations and cultural values affect and form people's ideas, sentiments, and actions. Core to the field of sociocultural psychology is the idea that people's actions are the result of […]

Margaret Floy Washburn: a Luminary in the World of Psychology

When recounting the annals of psychology, the names of Freud, Skinner, and Pavlov often dominate. Yet, interwoven in the tapestry of this field's rich history are lesser-celebrated pioneers whose contributions are nothing short of monumental. One such figure is Margaret Floy Washburn, a luminary whose work blazed trails, challenged norms, and left an indelible mark on the study of the human mind. Born in 1871 in New York City, Washburn's journey into the world of psychology began at Vassar College, […]

The Confluence of Brain and Behavior: Delving into Biological Psychology

Our understanding of human behavior and thought has always been a multifaceted endeavor, weaving together strands of philosophy, sociology, and health. Yet, one field emerges at the crossroads of biology and psychology, seeking to demystify the intricate dance between our neural circuitry and our behavior: biological psychology. By delving into the neural mechanisms that shape our emotions, thoughts, and actions, biological psychology offers profound insights into what truly makes us tick. Biological psychology, often termed behavioral neuroscience or psychobiology, ventures […]

Psychology in Practice: Defining the Contours of Shaping in Behavioral Approaches

As we wade through the sea of psychological terms and theories, the concept of shaping emerges as a fascinating island worth exploring. Shaping, in the realm of psychology, is far more than molding minds; it is a systematic method for teaching complex behaviors. Rather than expecting a leap from beginner to expert, shaping allows us to appreciate the gradual progression of learning, an artful dance between stimulus and response. This psychological tool is an instrumental technique derived from the behaviorist […]

Clifford Beers

Introduction The study of mind and behavior is not a new concept. For many years, people have been relating human mind with their behavior. With time, this study came to be recognized as psychology. In psychology, various scientists began studying human mind, its thoughts, feeling as well as behavior. Their main aim was to understand the role of mental functioning in individuals and social behavior. In today's society, psychology acts as one of the most important aspects in treating mental […]

Unlocking the Hidden Knowledge: Understanding Latent Learning in Psychology

In the realm of psychology, there’s a curious phenomenon where knowledge and skills are acquired quietly, lying dormant until the situation calls for them. This phenomenon is known as latent learning, a concept that challenges traditional understandings of the learning process and underscores the complexity of the human mind. Latent learning takes place without any obvious reinforcement or immediate evidence of learning. It is learning that occurs subtly and often goes unnoticed until it is demonstrated at a later time […]

Unlocking Memories: the Intricacies of Encoding Specificity in Psychology

Imagine trying to recall a vivid memory but being unable to do so until a particular scent or sound triggers it. This phenomenon is at the heart of the encoding specificity principle, a concept in psychology that explains how the conditions present at the time of learning are intricately linked to the retrieval of that information. This principle challenges the traditional understanding of memory as a mere storage and retrieval system, instead positing that the context plays a crucial role […]

Conservation Psychology: Decoding the Human-Nature Connection

When we talk about conservation psychology, we're diving into an exciting and relatively new territory where psychology meets environmentalism. This field isn't just a niche in academic circles; it's a vibrant and essential discipline that's all about getting to the heart of why we, as humans, interact with our environment the way we do. It's about unpacking our relationship with nature and figuring out how to steer those interactions towards a healthier and more sustainable direction. At its essence, conservation […]

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Essay on Psychology Psychology uses the scientific method to study and concentrate on human/animal thinking and behavior. Psychology can be known to be scientific as it follows the empirical method. Empirical evidence is information taking by observation or experimentation. John Locke, David Hume, and David Hartley and many more were British empiricists who addressed the value of experience in the findings of knowledge. The main source of knowledge would be the world is a sensory experience which is information that comes to our senses or our inferences between the relationships of sensory facts. Empirical is often used with the concept of science which implies that science used observation, measurement of the world and collecting data in the environment. This view is in contrast with the Rationalists who accepted that knowledge is innate and inborn. All scientists use the empirical method. The scientist then analyse and evaluate this data to form theories that explain these observations. Psychological research must reach such levels of criteria in order for it to be considered scientific. It must ensure that it has to be Replicable and precise. Replicable research must be repeated several times to ensure they receive the same results. If shown the same results it shows the truth of the original research. Researchers must make sure they evaluate there research and were they received the information from, and clearly explain how their experiment was structured and how they achieved them results. There are two main concepts for a scientific approach which are theory and hypothesis. There are many different forms of scientific methods that can be used such as, experiments, descriptive studies, case studies and surveys. Scientific research is manipulated so that we observe the effect this has on something else to Control observation. Observations is our existing knowledge that determines our judgment and our viewpoint. Using scientific methods with tight control of variables allows for cause and effect relationships to be determined. This together with replication adds strength and validity to the theories produced. Sigmund Freud was one of the most influential scientists in the fields of psychology and psychiatry. It has been over 100 years since Freud published his theories, yet he still influences what we think about personality and the mind. Freud was best known for his theories of the unconscious mind, dreams, infantile sexuality, libido, repression, and transference, ego, and the superego. Through the development of a novel observational method, Sigmund Freud made possible the collection of reliable data about man's inner life. The scientific hypotheses he formulated about these formed the initial version of psychoanalysis. Many of these first thoughts have had to be revised in the light of subsequent scientific findings of the operations of the central nervous system, but even these refuted propositions often had much heuristic value. Despite the passage of a whole century, many Freudian hypotheses have retained their scientific standing. Most important among these was Freud's realization that human thought is usually unconscious. His understanding of the role of the automatic repetition of basic patterns of behavior, of the fateful consequences of early childhood emotional vicissitudes in structuring enduring mental dispositions, and of the distinction between two distinct modes of thinking are the most significant among his many contributions. 

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Why I Study Psychology (10 Essays)

Why I Study Psychology  is a collection of short essays. Each student explains their motivation for choosing psychology.

Psychology students are often motivated by personal experiences and a wish for healthier, happier communities. The essays demonstrate the value from having a vision for your career – whether it’s detailed or “big picture” – before you start a psychology degree. Having a long-term goal in mind offers a reliable source of study motivation.

Why I Chose Psychology Essays

As part of a national essay competition, current and future psychology students were asked to explain their study motivation. Each student describes in 250 words or less (a) why I chose psychology as a major and (b) how I’m motivated to succeed at psychology studies. The best, most inspiring essays are published here.

1. Motivation

We all know that there will almost always be something to do that sounds much more appealing than our studies, so why do we study if there is something better? Motivation, that’s why. Everyone has their own motivating factor that keeps them in line with studying. Mine is pretty general and that is my future.

I have dreams of becoming a psychologist and helping people throughout my life. I also have a huge passion for American Sign Language. I plan to merge these two goals into one for my future career. I don’t want to be just any psychologist, I want to be a psychologist that is open to Deaf people and hearing people alike.  I want Deaf people to feel comfortable coming to me without the need of a third person interpreter who is usually a stranger . Many Deaf people feel uncomfortable visiting a psychologist because of the need for a third person. I plan to make a step towards breaking that barrier by being able to sign or speak with any patient who comes to me.

With all these huge goals I know that I have to be very on top of studies and make sure I continue to stay on track and do my best. All of these reasons put together make up my ideal future and therefore my motivation to study.

~ Hannah Reis, Palomar College

Related: Human Psychology: Study of Mind and Behavior

2. My Dream

We live in a world filled with hurt and suffering, and a place that is not equal for all. My dream is to leverage my unique set of skills, abilities, privileges, resources, and knowledge in a way that increases equality and privilege for all (not just people with white skin). I am pursuing a degree in Industrial and Organizational Psychology which combines psychology and business.

I feel most alive when I am volunteering with my family at The Christian Children’s Home of Ohio (CCHO) which is a non-profit orphanage for children. I love working with the children there, and it hurts my heart when I see them being forced to leave once they are eighteen without any further aid or support. Consequently, after gaining work experience in applying psychology principles to the business world, I intend to establish a non-profit organization . This entity will support young adults from foster care or orphanages, providing them with essential skills and emotional support as they transition to adulthood. Once they have turned eighteen the government will no longer provide very much aid to them; I want to supply them with the additional skills and services that they need to make it in the real world, and give them the emotional support that they may not have.

One of the main services I want to provide them is taking them to do mission work because the best way to grow as a person and gain perspective is through service and travel. When college gets hard, I hold on tight to this dream because I know my studies will help me achieve this dream.

~ Alyssa Powers, The University of Akron

Related: Different Fields of Psychology Study

3. A Catalyst for Change

The incredible transformation I have experienced through the power of therapeutic relationships motivates me to immerse myself in my studies and move closer towards my goal of becoming a psychologist. Recognizing how the quality of my own life has been profoundly enhanced by self-reflection, the invaluable lesson of how to learn from suffering, and coming to a deeper understanding of who I am, encourages me to try and be a catalyst for this kind of change in other’s lives. I’m motivated to empower people to feel confident enough in who they are that they don’t feel the need to bring others down.

When life as a student feels exceptionally challenging, I remind myself of the impact that the work I wish to practice has on people’s lives and those around them. I strongly believe large scale change happens on the individual level first, and if we want to see a world where we value the earth and all the people living on it, we have to do the work with ourselves first.  I want to help people in their transformation towards becoming more unconditionally loving, tolerant, and compassionate people . I think when people are more comfortable with, and accepting of, who they are, they are consequently kinder and more loving towards those around them. Encouraging this kind of growth first on an individual level, and ultimately on a global level, motivates me to not only get through, but thrive within my program.

~ Hannah Freund, California Institute of Integral Studies

Related: What Does a Psychologist Do?

4. Reshaping Mental Health

People who are given psychiatric diagnoses experience some of the worst prejudice and discrimination. They are more likely to be the victims of violence, have a harder time securing jobs and housing, and constantly come face-to-face with the harmful stereotypes that state that these individuals are violent and unpredictable. As such, much research needs to be done to understand the cause of such distress, as well as to develop effective interventions and achieve healthy minds.

Our current mental health paradigm, which views distress as primarily biological and best treated medically, has unfortunately increased stigma and disability rates related to mental health. I was one of the fortunate few who was able to pursue a college degree despite being given a severe diagnosis and a hopeless prognosis. However, I know that much of my success has been due to luck and privilege, and  the opportunities that I have been afforded are an exception, not a rule. I am striving to change that.

It is my hope that, through increased research and advocacy, society can come to understand that extreme distress is often a message about something that is wrong in a person’s world, and as such, is profoundly meaningful and can be understood. Furthermore, by understanding the psychosocial origins of distress – trauma, poverty, inequality, etc. – we can refocus upstream and create policies that protect against these stressors in the first place.

~ name withheld, Mount Holyoke College

Related: Is Psychology a STEM Major? Science vs Social Science

5. C’s Get Degrees

It is said that “C’s get degrees”, but that isn’t enough for me. C’s show an average amount of work, an average amount of time, an average amount of effort. “Average” is not something that I want to be known as. I want to be known as the girl who kept moving forward, went above and beyond, and never looked back. My driving force is making my family proud and reaching my ultimate goal—becoming a school psychologist.

I am the very first in my family to attend college. Every time the topic of school or my future is mentioned, I can see on their faces that they are overwhelmed with pride. When I received my Associate’s degree, seeing my grandpa cry made me realize how special my academic journey is to them. They have given up so much and have supported me in every way, making them proud is the very least I could do in return.

Becoming a school psychologist has been my dream career since I was in middle school.  The thought of being able to connect and help a child grow both academically and socially is the greatest reward I could ever receive . Every time I am procrastinating typing a paper, not studying when I know I should have, or wanting to give up on a difficult problem, I think about my end goal. Making a difference to even just one child will make all of school worth it.

~ Haleigh Cordeiro, California Polytechnic State University

Related: How Long Does It Take to Get a Psychology Degree?

6. Find Your Unconscious

Psychologists have discovered reasons, stages, and correlations among our biopsychosocial make-up. Over the centuries, they have managed to explain why humans experience what occurs in everyday life. They provide answers when we have questions about ourselves; it is for this reason that I strive to major in psychology.

I believe that I can make people in my environment, as well as myself, healthier by providing some sense of clarity whenever life situations become foggy. My dream is to someday become a successful industrial-psychologist. Why not a clinical psychologist, you might ask? While working one-on-one with individuals who are struggling would definitely be rewarding, I believe I can have a greater impact by helping larger groups . This dream of mine to become an industrial-psychologist would allow me to make the environment of common day people the most comfortable and enjoyable one.

Through the study of psychology, I will be able to know what qualities are the most necessary to enrich the daily lives of people and ensure that I apply them to my work. What drives me? The fact that I have seen psychologists help my family make sense of one of the most difficult things that we have gone through. Psychologists helped my sister facing anorexia nervosa deal with her disorder and helped my family become a strong support system to aid my sister’s recuperation. I want to know that I can help other people, psychology will open the doors to this dream of mine.

~ Iridian, Cal State University of Long Beach

Related: Clinical Psychologist

7. My Dream

Over 22 million children in the United States do not live with their biological mother and father and reside with their grandparents. This means that 3 percent of children living in America face the same situation as me. My father and mother were teenagers when they had me, so raising a baby girl was a difficult task for them. Neither of my parents went to college either, so having me took a toll on their lives. For the both of them, college was an opportunity to better their education and be successful, but with me, that would have been harder for them. Living with my grandparents was the best option for me.

I am currently experiencing teenage life and I can understand why raising a child, when you are only a child yourself, is a daunting responsibility. I commend my parents for choosing to provide a better life for me, actively shielding me from adversity and their own struggles.  When I enter college, my goal is not just to pass my classes, it is to make something of myself . I know my parents would want that for me.

My dream is to work up to my doctorate and become a psychiatrist, fulfilling every opportunity and experience that comes my way. Psychiatrist Carl Gustav Jung once said “I am not what happened to me, I am what I choose to become”, and through my hardship, I choose to overcome and prepare for my destiny.

~ Nina Grizzle

Related: How to Become a Psychologist

8. Art Therapy

My love for psychology began my junior year when I took the AP course. What was supposed to be a schedule-filling elective credit accidentally grew into a genuine fascination.  I found myself going above and beyond the curriculum purely out of curiosity . My interest in what we were discussing in class every day would often send me down long, thought-provoking paths that motivated me to hunt down explanations to the answers of questions I didn’t know I had. But once I had the answers, they seemed to be demanding further explanation, and I was always more than happy to oblige.

With my future education in this field, I aim to innovate art therapy techniques that directly aid individuals with mental disorders and cognitive declines. I feel that experimenting with the effects that art has on people’s brain chemistry will open up a new type of therapy that can be clinically prescribed. According to the National Alliance on Mental Illness, approximately 52.9 million adults in the United States suffer from mental illnesses. This new form of therapy could possibly improve the mental state of the millions of people impacted while inspiring the creation of art.

~ Taylor Himes, University of Texas San Antonio

Related: Psychology Symbol Ψ (Psi or Trident): Greek Text and Images

9. If You Put Your Mind To It

For as long as I can remember, I knew that I wanted to make a difference in the world. I knew that the first step was to attend an accredited university, and that university happens to be Michigan State. I went into college with the dream of becoming a doctor, however, I had a change of heart.

At the beginning of my freshmen year, the unthinkable happened. My dad committed suicide. My world came crashing down. It was a complete shock. My dad always kept all his feelings masked. I never knew what he was going through, and everyday I regret not paying closer attention. Not a day goes by where I don’t think about him. If only I had known. I could’ve done something. That experience then motivated me to change my major to psychology.

I’ve always wanted to make a difference, and now I know exactly how to achieve that dream. I aim to support those enduring what my dad went through.  I want to be there for them, to help them overcome their inner demons. I want to let them know that their lives are worth living.  Losing a family member to suicide is one of the most detrimental events that anyone can ever endure, and if I can one day prevent someone from experiencing that, then I would have accomplished my goal; I will make a difference.

~ Kayla Harper, Michigan State University

Related: Is Psychology a Hard Major?

10. Motivated by God to Help Others

I’ve heard from so many different people how difficult college can be. Late nights, big tests, difficult and early classes, that doesn’t even sound like fun. The only thing that keeps me moving towards college is the idea of being able to help other people when I graduate.

In December of 2016 I travelled halfway around the world to the Philippines. While I was there I met 15 wonderful children with horrible backgrounds. The love these children missed out on for so many years is heartbreaking. My future goal is to study Psychology and Religion at Liberty University.

The dream that keeps me motivated to go back to school is the chance to help many , not just children, but anyone who needs a listening ear and a voice to discuss their problems. People need more people to care and who want to listen. If people would feel the love that God made for them this world would be a much better place.

~ Trinity Rake, Liberty University

Related: Difference Between Counselling and Psychology

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Home / Essay Samples / Psychology

Psychology Essay Examples

Psychology is a fascinating field that delves into the complexities of human behavior, emotions, cognition, and more. An essay example in psychology serves a crucial purpose in offering insights into the application of psychological theories, research methods, and analysis of human experiences. It provides readers with a tangible illustration of how psychological concepts can be explored and discussed in written form. A psychology essay example effectively illustrates theoretical concepts, such as theories of personality, cognitive development, or social behavior. It demonstrates how these theories can be applied to real-life scenarios, making the abstract ideas more relatable and understandable for readers. Essay examples in psychology often showcase how research methods are employed to investigate various psychological phenomena. Readers can see how experiments, surveys, case studies, and observations are conducted to gather data and draw meaningful conclusions. Psychology essay examples involve critical analysis of research findings, theories, or concepts. This analysis highlights the strengths and limitations of different approaches and encourages readers to think critically about psychological research and its implications. Writing Tips for Essays About Psychology:

Clear Thesis: Begin with a clear and concise thesis statement that outlines the main argument or point of your essay. Evidence-Based: Support your arguments with relevant research findings, empirical evidence, or case examples. Structure: Organize your essay with an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. Each paragraph should focus on a specific point and connect logically to the next. Analysis: Engage in critical analysis and evaluation of psychological theories, research, or concepts. Discuss strengths, weaknesses, and implications. Cohesiveness: Ensure that your essay flows smoothly, with coherent transitions between paragraphs and ideas. References: Properly cite your sources using the appropriate citation style (e.g., APA, MLA) to give credit to the original authors and avoid plagiarism.

A psychology essay example serves as a valuable tool for demonstrating the practical applications of psychological concepts and research methods. By studying and analyzing these examples, readers can gain insights into how to effectively convey complex psychological ideas through written essays and deepen their understanding of the field.

The Banking Concept of Education

The concept of education has evolved over time, reflecting changing philosophies and paradigms. One influential perspective, articulated by Brazilian educator Paulo Freire, is the "banking concept of education." This essay delves into the core tenets of the banking concept, explores its impact on students, and...

Psychology in Everyday Life: Understanding the Mind's Influence

Psychology plays a profound role in shaping our perceptions, decisions, and interactions in everyday life. This essay explores the ways in which psychology impacts our daily experiences, from influencing our behavior to enhancing our communication skills, and delves into the practical applications of psychological principles...

Where I Lived and What I Lived For: a Reflection

The essay "Where I Lived and What I Lived For" by Henry David Thoreau invites us to embark on a contemplative journey that explores the intricate connection between our living environment and the guiding principles that shape our lives. This essay delves into Thoreau's thought-provoking...

The "What You Give is What You Get" Phenomenon

The concept of "What you give is what you get" is a fundamental principle that underlies various aspects of human interactions and behaviors. In this essay, we will explore the significance of this principle in social dynamics, personal development, and even broader societal contexts. From...

I Want to Be a Psychologist: Unveiling the Human Mind

Becoming a psychologist has been a lifelong aspiration, driven by my fascination with the intricacies of the human mind. The complexities of thoughts, emotions, and behavior have always intrigued me, and I am eager to explore the depths of this field. In this essay, I...

A Monday Morning: Embracing a Fresh Start

Monday mornings are often met with mixed feelings. As the beginning of the work or school week, they mark the end of leisure and the start of responsibilities. However, these mornings also symbolize a fresh start—a chance to set the tone for the week ahead,...

My Childhood Friend: a Lifelong Bond

Childhood is a time of innocence, curiosity, and forming connections that often last a lifetime. In the tapestry of my life, there is a thread woven with memories of a cherished childhood friend. This essay is a tribute to the person who has been a...

What Motivates Me: a Personal Reflection

Every individual is driven by unique motivations that shape their aspirations, decisions, and actions. Understanding what motivates us provides insight into our passions, values, and goals. In this essay, I will reflect on what motivates me and delve into the factors that ignite my drive...

Reflecting on Those Who Shape Us

Throughout our lives, we encounter various people who leave a lasting impact on us. These individuals possess the power to shape our thoughts, beliefs, and aspirations. In this essay, we will explore the profound influence of someone who has played a significant role in shaping...

Lewin's Change Theory in Nursing

Lewin's Change Theory, developed by psychologist Kurt Lewin, has had a profound impact on various fields, including nursing. This essay provides an in-depth exploration of Lewin's Change Theory and its application in the nursing context, highlighting its three stages of unfreezing, changing, and refreezing, as...

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