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Moore and Parker’s Critical Thinking is not about critical thinking as much as it is a text in critical thinking. It provides guided practice through hundreds of exercises and examples, to help students apply content and think critically themselves. With an enjoyable, concise reading style and a visually clear layout, Critical Thinking trains students to improve information acquisition skills, recognize dubious claims, and hone critically important skills. The authors’ expanded coverage on how to recognize dubious claims is gravely applicable in the current climate of fake news, deep fakes, and AI-created information. The authors provide guided practice in what instructors say are the most important critical thinking skill sets for students.  

About the Author

Brooke Noel Moore

Brooke Moore is a professor of philosophy at California State University, Chico, where he serves as Coordinator of the Critical Thinking Program. A former chair of the Philosophy and History departments, Moore was the University Outstanding Professor in 1996. He has served as a university Master Teacher and has coordinated the university’s program for mentoring new faculty. His publications include The Power of Ideas (with Kenneth Bruder), The Cosmos, God, and Philosophy (with Ralph J. Moore), A Comprehensive Introduction to Moral Philosophy (with Robert Stewart), and other works.

Richard Parker

Richard Parker is Professor Emeritus of philosophy at California State University, Chico. He has been three times chair of the university's Faculty Senate, Dean of Undergraduate Education, and Executive Assistant to the President and has received Professional Achievement Honors for his academic work. He has published in analytic philosophy, critical thinking, and philosophy of law, and his views on punishment and responsibility have been included in major anthologies. Outside academia, Parker is a semiprofessional flamenco guitarist, performing with dancers around and about northern California; he rides a Harley-Davidson motorcycle, plays golf for fun and pool for money, and spends as much time as possible in southern Spain.

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You are here, hut & shepard - turning 'the hard problem' upside down.

My Experience, Your Experience, and the World We Experience:   Turning 'The Hard Problem' Upside Down

by Roger Shepard & Piet Hut

Epistemologically, we prefer to start from what we directly experience.  Instead of saying that conscious experience arises in brains, we would say that brains arise in conscious experience.  Such an inversion of the "hard problem," is compatible with any scientific knowledge, and has some added virtues:  It recognizes that the real mystery is not the familiar (namely conscious experience) but the hypothetical (whether subatomic particles, wave functions, or the like).  It avoids the puzzle of why only some (never characterized) physical processes should have conscious accompaniments.  It also changes the emphasis in the question of whether more than one mid (or center of consciousness) may be associated with the same brain - as is suggested by such phenomena as "blind sight," "split-brains," and dreams in which someone else surprises us with a clever quip or double entendre.  Possibly, much as configuration requires the existence of space, and motion requires the existence of time, consciousness requires the existence of a third, equally fundamental and pervasive "dimension" of reality.

1.  The "Hard Problem" of Consciousness

    We take the "hard problem" (Chalmers, 1995) to be the first-person problem of understanding how the subjective quality of experience (including, the seemingly nonphysical qualia of pains, colors, odors, etc.) can be explained as arising from a physical system described in terms of objective physical processes (whether at the level of neurons, atoms, subatomic particles, waves, strings, vacuum fluctuations, or whatever).  No advance in understanding such physical processes has shown any promise of bridging the explanatory gap between physical description and subjective quality (Hut & Shepard, 1996).

    Nor does does any such advance promise to explain how consciousness acts on the physical world. Yet, if (as proposed by epiphenomenalists and often assumed by physical scientists) conscious processes do not causally affect physical processes, then: Why does it seem that I can control my own physical actions (free will)? And how do some physical bodies come to perform those physical acts, of speaking or writing, that express the hard problem of consciousness? (See Shepard, 1993.)

2. Turning the "Hard Problem" upside down 

    Most approaches to the problem of consciousness (and of free will) build on an epistemologically weak foundation: They begin with the physical brain as described by physical science in terms of atoms, molecules, ions, electric fields, etc. Yet the independent existence of such a physical system is an inference that one bases on regularities and correlations in the qualia that one directly experiences. The shakiness of the physicalist starting point is evident to those of us who experience vivid dreams populated with what we take to be independently existing physical objects - until we awake.

    The never directly experienced atoms, molecules, and fields that (on the standard scientific view) constitute the material basis of any object, including a brain, are abstractions. They can only be referred to by words, diagrams, or equations that from the objective standpoint, are themselves but constellations of molecules or, from the subjective standpoint, but qualia in the scientist's own conscious experience. From the subjective standpoint, what the scientist means by "the physical world" can only be cashed out in terms of the scientist's expectations about what future experiences will ensue upon the performance of particular operations - as has even been argued, in various forms, by physicists, such Bohr, Heisenberg, and, particularly forcefully, by P. W. Bridgeman (1940).

    Some of these expectations concern the behavior of those objects that we denominate "other persons." Thus (to put the example, most appropriately, in the first person), from the experience of reading of Galileo's discovery of the moons of Jupiter, I infer that if I were to build and look through a telescope in a particular direction, I would have visual experiences similar to those described by Galileo.

    Although this does not eliminate the hard problem, it may soften it. At least, everything is now grounded in my own indubitable immediate experience, and not in an hypothesized "noumenal" world (to use Kant's term) of unexperienced atoms, particles, or waves. The problem of the existence of other minds is also softened in that by starting with subjective experience (my own) instead of with an independent "objective reality," I begin with something closer to other subjective experiences (such as yours).

    Inverting the standard approach in this way does, however, call for some radical changes in the way we think and talk about mind and matter: We should not point to our surrounding environment to indicate the objective physical world and to our head to indicate the locus of our subjective experience. Everything we experience (whether "out there" or "in here") is, alike, a part of our experience. After all, the supposition that one's experience takes place somewhere else than in one's own head does not seem to have any implications whatever for that experience. We should also resist the temptation to invoke the complexity of the brain as somehow crucial for an explanation of the quality of conscious experience. There is, surely, nothing complex about a momentary flash of red or twinge of pain.

    The "given" from which we propose to start is not, however, pointillistic "sense data." In contrast with the British empiricists, and more in line with Edmund Husserl, William James, or James Gibson, we find that what is given in our experience is a three-dimensional arrangement of objects that evoke expectations about what further experiences will follow upon various actions we might take (Hut & Shepard, 1996). What is given is not confined to the concrete colors, shapes, sounds, tastes, odors, feels, etc. presented by any particular sensory modality. Rather, we are directly aware of relations, affordances, meanings - including the "abstract ideas" denied by Berkeley (such as the idea of a general triangle, which is neither acute nor obtuse, equilateral nor scalene).

    Moreover, we do not exclude (as Berkely did) the possible existence of a noumenal world behind the phenomena we directly experience. But, as a practical matter we treat any notions about such a world as hypotheses that may be useful to the extent that they predict and explain the regularities in phenomenal experience.

3. What Conscious Experiences Are There Beyond One's Own?

    Just as we may take certain kinds of experienced regularities - and also surprises - as manifestations of something behind the phenomena we experience, so too we may take certain other kinds of experienced regularities - and also surprises - as manifestations of other conscious minds. Speaking (again) in the first person, I may have the experience of another person presenting an extended argument that leads up to an unexpected conclusion. I may then convince myself of the validity of the conclusion by thinking through the argument (or, perhaps, by performing an actual experiment). Such confirmations seem to provide compelling evidence for the occurrence of mental understandings independent of my own.

    Granted, such manifestations of independent intelligences do not in themselves definitively answer the "hard question" of whether such intelligences experience the same qualia I do or, indeed, any qualia at all. It would however seem a strange and inexplicable violation of symmetry if other intelligences that express the same arguments and feelings that I do differed so radically from me as to be without consciousness.

    In dreams we may also believe in the independent existence both of the physical world and of other minds. Yet, on awakening, that physical world and the other minds apparently vanish. Their apparent evanescence does not, however, preclude a dependence of their manifestations in our consciousness on something beyond themselves. (In fact, the prevailing scientific view is that both the order and the surprises within the dream arise from ongoing activity of our own physical brains.) In short, there may be some justification - in waking and dreaming consciousness alike - for hypothesizing the existence of something behind what we experience as an explanation for both its predictable and its creative aspects.

    Even if we start with experience, then, we still have the problem of where to draw a line between the physical systems in our experience that are thus accompanied by "their own" conscious experiences and those that are not. We even have the problem of distinguishing between those processes within the same physical system that are or are not conscious. If a particular neurophysiological activity is necessary and sufficient for a particular experience (in one's own case) or report of an experience (in another person), what distinguishes that activity from the electrochemically identical kind of activity that is usually supposed not to have such an experiential accompaniement?

    Would it not be less arbitrary and more symmetrical to suppose that every so-called "physical" event has a corresponding conscious manifestation, just as every conscious manifestation has been supposed to have a corresponding physical event?

4. The Case of the Joke in a Dream 

    While we may take regularity and, hence, predictability as especially indicative of an independently existing physical world, we may take the novel and surprising as especially indicative of an independently functioning mind. Particularly suggestive in this connection are instances in which a dream leads up to an unexpected event or punch line that the dreamer considers in retrospect to have required premeditation, cleverness, or humor. Such examples (perhaps even more than the well known "split-brain" and "blind sight" phenomena) suggest that another mind, of which "I" am not conscious, is operating, so to speak, within "my" own brain. Could it be that all neural activities are accompanied by conscious experiences, but that only those with direct access to the speech centers of the brain are ordinarily considered to be conscious?

    Quite independently, the two of us have kept dream journals for many years. These contain examples of the phenomenon in which we are surprised by a joke seemingly contrived by some agency outside our own consciousness. Here we present just three examples - two recorded by Shepard and one by Hut.

1. Shepard's dream of the early morning of February 12, 1972 (reported, also, in Shepard, 1990, pp. 34-35):

On a coffee table in front of me I notice a large-format hardcover book on eating out around the world. I pick up the book and it falls open to what appears to be the title page for a chapter: "Tips on Dining Out in Central Africa." With curiosity aroused, I turn the page. Across the following two-page spread, there is printed only the huge bold-faced admonition, "DON'T EAT THE FOOD!"

2. Shepard's dream of the early morning of January 17, 1979:

I am with my wife, who is consulting with her physician. My wife has expressed concern about how much her teaching job is cutting into her time with our children. Then, at the end of the consultation, she asks, "Do you think I should have a mammogram?". The doctor replies, "No, I don't think that's necessary," and then, with an impish smile slowly spreading across his face, he adds, "But, given the professional demands on your time, your kids could use a gramma, ma'm!" Doing a double take, I am greatly amused to realize that relative to "mammogram," "gramma, ma'm" is a phonetically perfect anagram.

3. Hut's dream of March 11, 1981 (a lucid dream, i.e., a dream in which

Hut has become aware that he is dreaming): I walked into a bar, where I found a group of people sitting, who looked at me when I entered, and immediately started singing in unison: "This is Piet's dream, We are all here, And that is why We get free beer."

    As we already noted, evidence that intelligent thought has gone on outside one's own consciousness may not in itself entail that such intelligent thought was conscious thought. But, to the extent that one takes the evidence for intelligent thought as evidence for an independent consciousness when the evidence comes from another person in one's waking experience, on what grounds should one reject such an inference to an independent consciousness when the evidence arises in one's dream? After all, if we assume (as most researchers do) that intelligent thought depends on neural activity, then the principal difference between the two cases may merely be whether that neural activity occurs in another person's brain (in the former case) or in one's own brain (in the latter case).

5. Another "Dimension" Coextensive with Those of Space and Time?

    When we try to make sense of the relation between subjective consciousness and the organizational structure of the brain as an objective physical entity, we are baffled by the seemingly unbridgeable gap between the two. In our detailed understanding of the functioning of the human brain, great progress has been made since Descartes struggled with this problem, and we certainly understand the correlations between physical processes and reports of conscious experiences much better now. It is not clear, however, that this quantitative progress has translated into anything that can begin to bridge the gap.

    It may be significant that we use spatial metaphors, in talking about our bafflement (e.g., "gap"), or about anything to do with deeply felt meaning: e.g., the "depth" of meaning, the "height" of experience. It seems that in any given situation, even after specifying the configuration of the material elements in a region around a point in space and time, we still have extra degrees of freedom. We can still 'move' to a different level of interpretation and appreciation. The whole notion of 'emergent properties' (another spatial metaphor, often presented as an 'explanation' but so far not more than a label for an as yet ill-understood though ubiquitous phenomenon) rests on this freedom.

    Our conjecture is that it would make sense to investigate the structure of reality by positing a third type of 'meta-dimension,' one that gives 'room for' consciousness, much as time gives 'room for' motion. We have illustrated this notion with an analogy (Hut & Shepard, 1996): start with space only, and try to explain the presence of time. Yes, time is everywhere, like space. But, no, time is not 'draped over' space, like a sauce or fluid or ether. Neither is it an epiphenomenon, a non-essential additive, or add-on. Rather, time and space are equiprimordial, not reducible to each other (although to some extent transformable into each other according to classical relativity theory). Similarly, perhaps all existence partakes in another, equally primordial (meta-) dimension, the 'presence' of which allows conscious experience to 'arise' - analogously with the way in which the presence of time allows motion to occur.

6. Conclusions (stated, as now seems most appropriate, in the first-person voice):

1. The only epistemologically justifiable starting point is what I experience. I adopt the notion of an enduring physical world behind what I experience to the degree that it explains and predicts regularities and correlations within my experience. Brains are part of what arises within my experience. I admit the existence of other minds (that is conscious experiences other than my own) to the extent that this helps me to understand why other bodies similar to my own behave in ways similar to the behavior that I consciously initiate. 2. Particularly compelling, among the kinds of evidence for other minds, are the instances in which I experience another person presenting a line of thought ending with a conclusion that surprises me but that I later accept as valid, ingenious, or humorous. Instances in which such evidence arises from individuals in my dream suggest that some other minds are associated with what I have called "my own" brain. 3. Possibly, reality includes, in addition to dimensions of space and time, a dimension that provides for consciousness in much the way that space provides for configuration and time provides for motion.

Acknowledgments. Preparation of this paper was supported by a grant to Hut and Shepard from the Sloan Foundation, for research on limits to scientific knowledge. This paper is an abbreviated version of our paper as it was presented, by Shepard, at the Tucson II conference. A longer paper, which develops some the ideas more fully (but omits the case of the joke in a dream), has subsequently been prepared by Hut and Shepard, and will appear in the Journal of Consciousness Studies, 3 (4), 313.

References. 

Bridgeman, P.W. (1940), `Science: Public or private?,' Philosophy of Science, 7, 36-48.

Chalmers, D.J. (1995), `Facing up to the problem of consciousness,' Journal of Consciousness Studies, 2 (3), pp. 200-19.

Hut, P. & Shepard, R. (1996), `Turning `The Hard Problem' Upside Down & Sideways', Journal of Consciousness Studies, 3 (4), pp. 313-29.

Shepard, R.N. (1990), Mind Sights (New York: W.H. Freeman). Shepard, R.N. (1993), `On the physical basis, linguistic representation, and conscious experience of colors,' in Conceptions of the mind, ed. G. Harman (Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum), pp. 217-45.

Roger Shepard Department of Psychology Stanford University  Stanford California   94305   [email protected]

Piet Hut  Department of Psychology School of Natural Sciences Institute for Advanced Study  Princeton, NJ 08540  email: [email protected]

Copyright © 2024, Academy for the Psychoanalytic Arts

Site by Brainwrap LLC

San Francisco 49ers | Inman: 10 things I learned at 49ers practice…

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San Francisco 49ers

Subscriber only, san francisco 49ers | inman: 10 things i learned at 49ers practice beyond purdy’s passes, brock purdy is confidently guiding the 49ers' through their spring practices while position battles heat up around him.

critical thinking moore parker

Watching Purdy pepper passes is the 49ers’ most underappreciated sight in spring practices. His right elbow was repaired just 14 months ago. He went on to set the 49ers’ single-season record with 4,280 yards and he perhaps came within a completion of Super Bowl triumph.

Not every spring pass is on the money. Just know that Purdy looks stronger than ever, and in more command than ever of Kyle Shanahan’s offense. Brandon Aiyuk’s absence and Jauan Jennings’ delayed arrival have allowed Purdy to enhance his connection with Deebo Samuel and two new targets, Ricky Pearsall and Trent Taylor.

Spring workouts are, essentially, a passing camp. The offseason program concludes with next week’s mandatory minicamp. Purdy wasn’t healthy for any of it last year. He is now.

Here are 10 other sights and sounds from this week’s access window:

1. BLINDSIDE UPDATE

It’s always unsettling when left tackle Trent Williams is absent, even though spring practices are voluntary and, in Year 15, he certainly does not need refreshers on offensive play installations. “His offseasons are his offseasons. He takes care of himself, always comes back in good shape,” offensive line coach Chris Foerster said. “I’ve learned a long time ago to never be upset whether a guy’s here or not. It’s voluntary.”

That means Jaylon Moore gets to show his growth entering his fourth season. “I really love Jaylon. I love what he does,” Foerster added. “He’s not going to jump off the screen at you. He’s not going to jump off personality-wise, but I love the guy, great guy. He has improved every year.” Developing Moore at this time is vital as he competes with veterans Brandon Parker and Chris Hubbard, the latter of whom hasn’t been spotted yet at OTAs.

2. LINEBACKER MYSTERY

As Fred Warner safely observes on the sideline, he still needles the offense and coaches up teammates, such as wailing how they needed a defender in the ‘A’ gap on a running play.

Demetrius Flannigan-Fowles has played Warner’s spot and done so impressively, beyond an interception of Purdy. The 49ers figured to start veteran acquisition De’Vondre Campbell until Dre Greenlaw returns from Achilles, which could be at least a month into the season. Training camp will allow “DFF” and others to see if they’re a better fit for the scheme. Campbell has lined up next to Flannigan-Fowles on the first-string unit. Campbell turns 31 on July 1; his last game was the Packers’ playoff loss at Levi’s Stadium in January.

3. KICKOFF CHAOS

No one knows how the NFL’s rule changes to kickoffs – shorter running starts before engagements, a landing zone, no fair catches – and it was refreshing to hear a coach acknowledge that. “There’s 31 other coaches like me that don’t know exactly if we’re on the right track, what it’s going to look like,” special teams coordinator Brian Schneider said. “… It’s exciting. I mean, I’m fired up.

“This is the coolest thing to happen in terms of my coaching career because it’s, what are you going to do?” Schneider added. “You have a great opportunity to do something that’s never been done before. So, it’s a race to figure it out and it’s going to be constantly adjusting.”

4. RECEIVER ROTATION

Without Brandon Aiyuk and veteran Chris Conley at practice, the 49ers are giving their other wide receiver a chance to impress, besides Samuel and the recently re-signed Jauan Jennings. Taylor is off to an impressive start in his encore from a 2017-20 tenure. Pearsall’s hands and route running look smooth, even while wearing a no-contact jersey Wednesday for an unspecified but apparently minor injury.

Needing to show more at minicamp and training camp are Jacob Cowing, Danny Gray, Ronnie Bell, Tay Martin and undrafted rookie Terique Owens. The latter is the son of former 49ers star Terrell Owens, and he seemed to slow up on a deep ball that Sam Womack easily defended.

5. OVERLOOKED CORNERBACK

Sometimes the ball bounces your way. In the Super Bowl, it bounced off Darrell Luter Jr.’s foot in punt-return coverage and led to a key fumble. On Wednesday, the ball sailed into Luter’s hands for an interception on an Allen overthrow to Owens. The 49ers defense rejoiced and rushed to congratulate Luter. He hasn’t been excommunicated for his Super Bowl gaffe, and don’t be surprised if he climbs the depth chart this summer. He’s currently behind more experienced cornerbacks in Charvarius Ward, Deommodore Lenoir, Isaac Yiadom, Ambry Thomas, Womack, Rock Ya-Sin, and Chase Lucas.

6. GREEN PLAYS TIGHT

Second-round pick Rendardo Green is making a compelling case to play nickel back as a rookie, which would allow the 49ers to keep Lenoir on the outside with Ward. Green is aggressive and feisty. That may draw some penalty flags for pass interference amid acceptable growing pains.

7. ODOM’S VALUE

Re-signing George Odum benefits the 49ers not only on special teams in his area of expertise but also at safety, where he’s lined up on the first unit with Ji’Ayir Brown. With Talanoa Hufanga rehabilitating from ACL surgery and Tashaun Gipson a free agent, Odum has really been an active, aggressive leader on defense.

The aforementioned kickoff rule change will impact Odum, who has been so proficient in coverage. “He was so skilled at speed, No. 1, and then weaving down the field to put them in a position as (the return) is developing,” Schneider said.

8. RIGHT GUARD BATTLE

Possibly the biggest competition is at right guard, where Spencer Burford was last seen replacing Jon Feliciano in the Super Bowl and surrendering a critical pressure to Chris Jones on Purdy’s final incomplete pass. Challenging Feliciano and Burford is rookie Dominick Puni, a third-round pick who comes with size, range and length but needs to adapt fast to the run scheme.

“We’re just looking for that consistency,” offensive line coach Chris Foerster said. “Maybe it comes from Spencer this year. Obviously, he’s the most talented of the players. I think he’s as talented or more than Puni. Puni will push that from that. And Jon’s just a guy that is a veteran, good player that knows how to get it done.”

9. CENTER CONUNDRUM

Jake Brendel, the starting center the last two seasons, is rehabilitating a knee issue this spring, and the 49ers are scouring for a capable backup. Once the pads come on and contact is allowed at camp, evaluations ramp up for candidates including Feliciano, Ben Bartch, Nick Zakelj and undrafted rookie Drake Nugent, whose father, Terry, played at Colorado State with Foerster.

“He is the more undersized, quick guy that plays with a lot of leverage,” Foerster said of Drake Nugent. “… Really good kid. And, and personally because knowing the dad, knowing the family, I felt really good about the character of the kid as well.”

10. EXTRA GAME CHECK?

A trending storyline throughout the NFL is whether the regular season will expand to 18 games. Defensive end Leonard Floyd didn’t join the chorus of players opposing that additional game. “That’s another check, right? More games, more checks,” Floyd said.

More in San Francisco 49ers

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Eagles' 53-man roster prediction following week 1 of otas, share this article.

The Eagles are plugging along through the offseason workout program, and as the team begins the final phase, a deep and versatile depth chart and overall roster are starting to take shape.

Philadelphia previously had the lightest OTA workload of any team in the league, but that changed after last season’s collapse. The team has three more OTA sessions (May 28, May 30-31) before three days of mandatory minicamp (June 4-6).

With Week two of OTAs beginning this morning, we’re unveiling the second 53-man roster prediction.

1 #1 QB Jalen Hurts

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INGLEWOOD, CALIFORNIA – OCTOBER 08: Jalen Hurts #1 and Lane Johnson #65 of the Philadelphia Eagles at SoFi Stadium on October 08, 2023 in Inglewood, California. (Photo by Ronald Martinez/Getty Images)

The 2023 NFL All-Pro will look to turn on the turnovers under first-year OC Kellen Moore.

2 #7 QB Kenny Pickett

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Oct 30, 2022; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Pittsburgh Steelers quarterback Kenny Pickett (8) passes the ball against the Philadelphia Eagles during the second quarter at Lincoln Financial Field. Mandatory Credit: Bill Streicher-USA TODAY Sports

After being traded to the Eagles, the former Steelers first-round pick will serve as Jalen Hurts’s primary backup.

3 #19 QB Tanner McKee

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PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA – AUGUST 24: Tanner McKee #10 of the Philadelphia Eagles reacts during the first quarter against the Indianapolis Colts at Lincoln Financial Field on August 24, 2023 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. (Photo by Tim Nwachukwu/Getty Images)

McKee would have to fall off the cliff to lose a roster spot to Will Grier.

4 #26 RB Saquon Barkley

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PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA – DECEMBER 25: Saquon Barkley #26 of the New York Giants looks on during warm ups prior to the game against the Philadelphia Eagles at Lincoln Financial Field on December 25, 2023 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. (Photo by Adam Hunger/Getty Images)

The former Penn State star signed a three-year deal to depart the Giants for greener pastures.

5 #14 RB Kenneth Gainwell

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EAST RUTHERFORD, NEW JERSEY – JANUARY 07: Kenneth Gainwell #14 of the Philadelphia Eagles reacts during the first half in the game against the New York Giants at MetLife Stadium on January 07, 2024 in East Rutherford, New Jersey. (Photo by Elsa/Getty Images)

Gainwell will enter Year 4 looking to lock down the backup running back spot.

6 #39 RB Will Shipley

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Nov 18, 2023; Clemson, South Carolina, USA; Clemson Tigers running back Will Shipley (1) runs the ball against North Carolina Tar Heels defensive back Will Hardy (31) during the third quarter at Memorial Stadium. Mandatory Credit: Ken Ruinard-USA TODAY Sports

The rookie dual threat will compete with Gainwell for the backup running back role and could eventually settle into the third downback role or see snaps in the slot.

7 #11 WR A.J. Brown

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Dec 31, 2023; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Philadelphia Eagles wide receiver A.J. Brown (11) runs with the ball during the fourth quarter against the Arizona Cardinals at Lincoln Financial Field. Mandatory Credit: Bill Streicher-USA TODAY Sports

After signing a 3-year, $96 million contract extension, Brown is in a great mental space.

8 #6 WR DeVonta Smith

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Dec 18, 2023; Seattle, Washington, USA; Philadelphia Eagles wide receiver DeVonta Smith (6) catches a pass against Seattle Seahawks safety Quandre Diggs (6, right) during the third quarter at Lumen Field. Mandatory Credit: Joe Nicholson-USA TODAY Sports

Smith is firmly entrenched as a ‘Batman’ after signing his 3-year, $75 million contract extension.

9 #80 WR Parris Campbell

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New York Giants wide receiver Parris Campbell (0) is tackled by Seattle Seahawks cornerback Devon Witherspoon (21) in the first half at MetLife Stadium on Monday, Oct. 2, 2023, in East Rutherford.

Campbell, a 2019 second-round pick out of Ohio State, is coming off a disappointing season with the Giants in which he caught 20 of 27 targets for just 104 yards while adding 191 yards as a kick returner. He’s familiar with Nick Sirianni, and his most productive season came in 2022 with the Colts, as he logged 63 catches for 623 yards and three receiving touchdowns. Campbell now has a chance to compete for snaps behind A.J. Brown and DeVonta Smith.

10 #18 WR Britain Covey

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Dec 25, 2023; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Philadelphia Eagles wide receiver Britain Covey (18) returns a punt against the New York Giants during the first quarter at Lincoln Financial Field. Mandatory Credit: Eric Hartline-USA TODAY Sports

A.J. Brown, DeVonta Smith, Ainias Smith, and Johnny Wilson should be locks to make the final roster. Parris Campbell is the biggest benefactor from DeVante Parker’s retirement.

The Eagles will have to make a tough decision with Britain Covey. He was one of the NFL‘s best punt returners last season, and Covey hasn’t offered much as an actual wide receiver. Covey makes the roster for now but could be in jeopardy if Cooper DeJean or Ainias Smith excel as punt returners.

11 #89 WR Johnny Wilson

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You can’t teach size, and Wilson makes the cut as the Eagles work to utilize his unique skill set.

12 #82 WR Ainias Smith

critical thinking moore parker

Nov 25, 2023; Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA; Texas A&M Aggies wide receiver Ainias Smith (0) breaks the tackle of LSU Tigers cornerback Ashton Stamps (26) during the second half at Tiger Stadium. Mandatory Credit: Stephen Lew-USA TODAY Sports

The rookie is a jack of all trades, and Kellen Moore will find a role for the speedy dual-threat. His return abilities take a roster spot from Britain Covey.

13 #88 TE Dallas Goedert

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Jan 15, 2024; Tampa, Florida, USA; Philadelphia Eagles tight end Dallas Goedert (88) scores a touchdown against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers after a reception during the first half of a 2024 NFC wild card game at Raymond James Stadium. Mandatory Credit: Nathan Ray Seebeck-USA TODAY Sports

Goedert will look to record his first 1,000-yard season.

14 #85 Albert Okwuegbunam Jr.

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DENVER, COLORADO – AUGUST 26: Tight end Albert Okwuegbunam #85 of the Denver Broncos catches a pass in the second half of a preseason game against the Los Angeles Rams at Empower Field at Mile High on August 26, 2023 in Denver, Colorado. (Photo by Dustin Bradford/Getty Images)

Okwuegbunam Jr. had no role under former offensive coordinator Brian Johnson, but that should change under Kellen Moore. He’s an athletic pass catcher and could add even more versatility to the Philadelphia offense despite offering no special teams prowess.

15 #87 TE C.J. Uzomah

critical thinking moore parker

Nov 6, 2023; East Rutherford, New Jersey, USA; New York Jets tight end C.J. Uzomah (87) runs with the ball against Los Angeles Chargers cornerback Asante Samuel Jr. (26) during the third quarter at MetLife Stadium. Mandatory Credit: Brad Penner-USA TODAY Sports

Uzomah was Cincinnati’s fifth-round pick in 2015 out of Auburn. He spent his first seven seasons with the Bengals. He has 192 career catches for 1,881 yards and 16 touchdowns.

16 #81 TE Grant Calcaterra

critical thinking moore parker

PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA – AUGUST 17: Grant Calcaterra #81 of the Philadelphia Eagles reaches for a pass during the first quarter against the Cleveland Browns at Lincoln Financial Field on August 17, 2023 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. (Photo by Tim Nwachukwu/Getty Images)

Calcaterra is a capable pass catcher, and provides special teams depth.

17 #68 OL Jordan Mailata

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PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA – DECEMBER 03: Jordan Mailata #68 of the Philadelphia Eagles walks off the field at halftime in the game against the San Francisco 49ers at Lincoln Financial Field on December 03, 2023 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. (Photo by Mitchell Leff/Getty Images)

Mailata signed a 3-year, $66 million contract extension and is one of the best left tackles in the NFL.

18 #69 OL Landon Dickerson

critical thinking moore parker

Oct 22, 2023; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Philadelphia Eagles guard Landon Dickerson (69) against the Miami Dolphins at Lincoln Financial Field. Mandatory Credit: Eric Hartline-USA TODAY Sports

Dickerson signed a new 4-year, $98 million deal and is the best left guard and highest paid in the NFL.

19 #51 OL Cam Jurgens

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Dec 25, 2023; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Philadelphia Eagles center Cam Jurgens (51) against the New York Giants at Lincoln Financial Field. Mandatory Credit: Eric Hartline-USA TODAY Sports

Entering his third season, Jurgens will face enormous pressure after Jason Kelce announces his retirement.

20 #56 OL Tyler Steen

critical thinking moore parker

PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA – NOVEMBER 05: Lane Johnson #65 and Tyler Steen #56 of the Philadelphia Eagles look on against the Dallas Cowboys at Lincoln Financial Field on November 05, 2023 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. (Photo by Tim Nwachukwu/Getty Images)

Steen will also be under pressure, working to replace Cam Jurgens at the right guard spot alongside Lane Johnson.

21 #65 OL Lane Johnson

critical thinking moore parker

Oct 1, 2023; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Philadelphia Eagles offensive tackle Lane Johnson (65) against the Washington Commanders at Lincoln Financial Field. Mandatory Credit: Eric Hartline-USA TODAY Sports

The All-Pro will play his first season without Jason Kelce and be called upon to anchor a retooled offensive line.

22 #77 OL Mekhi Becton

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Dec 10, 2023; East Rutherford, New Jersey, USA; New York Jets offensive tackle Mekhi Becton (77) enter the field before the game against the Houston Texans at MetLife Stadium. Mandatory Credit: Vincent Carchietta-USA TODAY Sports

The big ticket offers potential, and would have to struggle badly to not make the roster.

23 #74 OL Fred Johnson

critical thinking moore parker

BALTIMORE, MARYLAND – AUGUST 12: Offensive tackle Fred Johnson #50 of the Philadelphia Eagles lines up against the Baltimore Ravens during a preseason game at M&T Bank Stadium on August 12, 2023 in Baltimore, Maryland. (Photo by Rob Carr/Getty Images)

Johnson is Mailata’s primary backup and can play both offensive tackle positions.

24 #76 OL Matt Hennessy

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Aug 24, 2020; Flowery Branch, GA, USA; Atlanta Falcons rookie center Matt Hennessy loosens up for the second scrimmage on Monday, August 24, 2020 in Flowery Branch. Mandatory Credit: Curtis Compton/Pool Photo via USA TODAY Sports

The former Temple product can play three positions.

25 #79 OL Trevor Keegan

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Jan 8, 2024; Houston, TX, USA; Michigan Wolverines offensive lineman Trevor Keegan (77) against the Washington Huskies during the 2024 College Football Playoff national championship game at NRG Stadium. Mandatory Credit: Mark J. Rebilas-USA TODAY Sports

The rookie offensive guard will compete with Tyler Steen for the right guard spot and bring toughness to the roster.

26 #63 OL Dylan McMahon

critical thinking moore parker

27 #0 DE Bryce Huff

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Mar 14, 2024; Philadelphia, PA, USA; Philadelphia Eagles linebacker Bryce Huff speaks during a press conference after signing with the Eagles. Mandatory Credit: Kyle Ross-USA TODAY Sports

Huff was essentially swapped for Haason Reddick, and he’ll be counted on to produce more than a situational ten sacks.

28 #94 DE Josh Sweat

critical thinking moore parker

PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA – DECEMBER 03: Josh Sweat #94 of the Philadelphia Eagles knocks down Brock Purdy #13 of the San Francisco 49ers during the first quarter at Lincoln Financial Field on December 03, 2023 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. (Photo by Mitchell Leff/Getty Images)

Sweat will play in the final year of his deal, and he’ll look to secure double-digit sacks.

29 #3 LB Nolan Smith

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PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA – AUGUST 17: Nolan Smith #3 of the Philadelphia Eagles looks on prior to the preseason game against the Cleveland Browns at Lincoln Financial Field on August 17, 2023 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. (Photo by Mitchell Leff/Getty Images)

Smith will see an uptick in snaps and should carve out a rotational pass-rusher role.

30 #55 DE Brandon Graham

critical thinking moore parker

Dec 25, 2023; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Philadelphia Eagles defensive end Brandon Graham (55) runs off the field after win against the New York Giants at Lincoln Financial Field. Mandatory Credit: Eric Hartline-USA TODAY Sports

Graham will play his final season in Philadelphia before retiring.

31 #58 LB Jalyx Hunt

critical thinking moore parker

The rookie linebacker will make the roster and could land a role as a situational pass rusher.

32 #98 DT Jalen Carter

critical thinking moore parker

SEATTLE, WASHINGTON – DECEMBER 18: Jalen Carter #98 of the Philadelphia Eagles warms up before a game against the Seattle Seahawks at Lumen Field on December 18, 2023 in Seattle, Washington. (Photo by Steph Chambers/Getty Images)

The runner-up for the NFL’s Defensive Rookie of the Year, Carter will see his snaps and accountability increase as Fletcher Cox retires.

33 #90 DT Jordan Davis

critical thinking moore parker

Nov 26, 2023; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Philadelphia Eagles defensive tackle Jordan Davis (90) during warmups against the Buffalo Bills at Lincoln Financial Field. Mandatory Credit: Eric Hartline-USA TODAY Sports

Like Jalen Carter, the expectations will rise for the 3rd year defensive tackle.

34 #93 DT Milton Williams

critical thinking moore parker

Dec 25, 2023; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; New York Giants quarterback Tommy DeVito (15) is pressured by Philadelphia Eagles defensive tackle Milton Williams (93) during the second quarter at Lincoln Financial Field. Mandatory Credit: Eric Hartline-USA TODAY Sports

Williams is entering the final year of his deal and could have a breakout season at defensive tackle.

35 #97 DT Moro Ojomo

critical thinking moore parker

SEATTLE, WASHINGTON – DECEMBER 18: Moro Ojomo #72 of the Philadelphia Eagles looks on during the fourth quarter against the Seattle Seahawks at Lumen Field on December 18, 2023 in Seattle, Washington. (Photo by Steph Chambers/Getty Images)

The 2023 seventh-round pick will look to carve out a role alongside a stout defensive line.

36 #95 DT Marlon Tuipulotu

critical thinking moore parker

Aug 12, 2022; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; New York Jets guard Alijah Vera-Tucker (75) blocks Philadelphia Eagles defensive tackle Marlon Tuipulotu (95) at Lincoln Financial Field. Mandatory Credit: Eric Hartline-USA TODAY Sports

37 #17 LB Nakobe Dean

critical thinking moore parker

PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA – NOVEMBER 05: Nakobe Dean #17 of the Philadelphia Eagles reacts during the second quarter in the game against the Dallas Cowboys at Lincoln Financial Field on November 05, 2023 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. (Photo by Mitchell Leff/Getty Images)

Dean enters a critical third year and will compete with multiple players, including rookie Jeremiah Trotter Jr.

38 #45 LB Devin White

critical thinking moore parker

Oct 15, 2023; Tampa, Florida, USA; Tampa Bay Buccaneers linebacker Devin White (45) warms up before a game against the Detroit Lions at Raymond James Stadium. Mandatory Credit: Nathan Ray Seebeck-USA TODAY Sports

The former Buccaneers linebacker could transform the Eagles’ defense if he can regain his 2020-2021 form.

39 #53 LB Zack Baun

critical thinking moore parker

Sep 10, 2023; New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; New Orleans Saints tight end Taysom Hill (7) celebrates with linebacker Zack Baun (53) after he blocked a Tennessee Titans punt during the first half at the Caesars Superdome. Mandatory Credit: Stephen Lew-USA TODAY Sports

Baun is already a favorite of DC Vic Fangio and could carve out a role at multiple positions.

40 #54 LB Jeremiah Trotter Jr.

critical thinking moore parker

Nov 18, 2023; Clemson, South Carolina, USA; Clemson Tigers linebacker Jeremiah Trotter Jr. (54) celebrates after sacking North Carolina Tar Heels quarterback Drake Maye (not pictured) during the second quarter at Memorial Stadium. Mandatory Credit: Ken Ruinard-USA TODAY Sports

Trotter Jr. will enter his rookie system with the perfect support system and an opportunity to steal snaps from Nakobe Dean.

41 #42 LB Oren Burks

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Nov 13, 2022; Santa Clara, California, USA; Los Angeles Chargers running back Sony Michel (20) carries the ball against San Francisco 49ers linebacker Oren Burks (48) during the third quarter at Levi’s Stadium. Mandatory Credit: Kelley L Cox-USA TODAY Sports

Burks can play outside linebacker and see snaps at the SAM linebacker spot.

42 #2 CB Darius Slay

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PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA – NOVEMBER 26: Darius Slay #2 of the Philadelphia Eagles reacts during the first half of the game against the Buffalo Bills at Lincoln Financial Field on November 26, 2023 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. (Photo by Mitchell Leff/Getty Images)

Slay returns as the Eagles top cornerback, but at 33, he could be set for his final chance at winning a Super Bowl.

43 #30 CB Quinyon Mitchell

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The rookie’s arrival ensures that James Bradberry will likely exit after June 1. He’ll start at cornerback opposite Darius Slay.

44 #33 CB Cooper DeJean

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The rookie from Iowa is listed as a cornerback, but he’ll see snaps at every position and could allow Philadelphia to carry one less safety.

45 #22 CB Kelee Ringo

critical thinking moore parker

Jan 7, 2024; East Rutherford, New Jersey, USA; New York Giants wide receiver Sterling Shepard (3) is tackled by Philadelphia Eagles cornerback Kelee Ringo (22) during the second half at MetLife Stadium. Mandatory Credit: Vincent Carchietta-USA TODAY Sports

Ringo appears to be the more impactful player than Eli Ricks and will land a roster spot after impressive rookie development.

46 #34 CB Isaiah Rodgers

critical thinking moore parker

INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA – OCTOBER 16: Isaiah Rodgers #34 of the Indianapolis Colts runs against the Jacksonville Jaguars during the first half at Lucas Oil Stadium on October 16, 2022 in Indianapolis, Indiana. (Photo by Andy Lyons/Getty Images)

Rodgers will return to the gridiron after serving a one-year suspension and will compete for a role as cornerback and as the primary kick return specialist.

47 #32 DB Reed Blankenship

critical thinking moore parker

EAST RUTHERFORD, NEW JERSEY – JANUARY 07: Reed Blankenship #32 of the Philadelphia Eagles celebrates an interception with Eli Ricks #39 during the second quarter in the game against the New York Giants at MetLife Stadium on January 07, 2024 in East Rutherford, New Jersey. (Photo by Elsa/Getty Images)

Blankenship signed a two-year extension, and he’s developed into one of the top young safeties In the NFL.

48 #8 DB C.J. Gardner-Johnson

critical thinking moore parker

Detroit Lions safety C.J. Gardner-Johnson (2) waves at the crowd during the second half against Seattle Seahawks at Ford Field in Detroit on Sunday, Sept. 17, 2023.

Gardner-Johnson returns to Philadelphia after spending one season in Detroit, and he’ll bring swagger and big-play potential to Vic Fangio’s secondary.

49 #21 DB Sydney Brown

critical thinking moore parker

Jan 7, 2024; East Rutherford, New Jersey, USA; Philadelphia Eagles safety Sydney Brown (21) is carted off the field after an injury during the first half against the New York Giants at MetLife Stadium. Mandatory Credit: Vincent Carchietta-USA TODAY Sports

Brown could start the season on the PUP list while rehabbing his torn ACL.

50 #36 DB Tristin McCollum

critical thinking moore parker

Jan 7, 2024; East Rutherford, New Jersey, USA; New York Giants tight end Darren Waller (12) is tackled by Philadelphia Eagles safety Tristin McCollum (36) during the second half at MetLife Stadium. Mandatory Credit: Vincent Carchietta-USA TODAY Sports

McCollum has seen actual game snaps for the Eagles and could make the roster over rookie Andre Sam and Mehki Garner.

51 #4 K Jake Elliott

critical thinking moore parker

Jan 15, 2024; Tampa, Florida, USA; Philadelphia Eagles place kicker Jake Elliott (4) kicks a field goal against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers during the first half of a 2024 NFC wild card game at Raymond James Stadium. Mandatory Credit: Kim Klement Neitzel-USA TODAY Sports

The All-Pro signed a four-year contract extension.

52 #49 LS Rick Lovato

critical thinking moore parker

TAMPA, FLORIDA – JANUARY 15: Rick Lovato #45 of the Philadelphia Eagles looks on prior to the NFC Wild Card Playoffs against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers at Raymond James Stadium on January 15, 2024 in Tampa, Florida. (Photo by Mike Ehrmann/Getty Images)

53 #10 P Braden Mann

critical thinking moore parker

EAST RUTHERFORD, NEW JERSEY – JANUARY 07: Braden Mann #10 of the Philadelphia Eagles reacts prior to the game against the New York Giants at MetLife Stadium on January 07, 2024 in East Rutherford, New Jersey. (Photo by Elsa/Getty Images)

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San Fransisco 49ers’ Jauan Jennings (15), San Fransisco 49ers’ Terique Owens (84), and San Fransisco 49ers’ Jacob Cowing (83) practice at the 49ers practice facility at the 49ers practice facility in Santa Clara, Calif., Wednesday, May 29, 2024. (Shae Hammond/Bay Area News Group)

  • Shae Hammond
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  • Inman: 10 things I learned at 49ers practice beyond Purdy’s passes
  • Cam Inman, Bay Area News Group
  • May 31, 2024
  • May 31, 2024 Updated 6 hrs ago

Spinning in a tight spiral, Brock Purdy’s pass came with ultra-impressive velocity. It headed on target to a running back in the left flat, toward the onlooking media.

Watching Purdy pepper passes is the 49ers’ most underappreciated sight in spring practices. His right elbow was repaired just 14 months ago. He went on to set the 49ers’ single-season record with 4,280 yards and he perhaps came within a completion of Super Bowl triumph.

Not every spring pass is on the money. Just know that Purdy looks stronger than ever, and in more command than ever of Kyle Shanahan’s offense. Brandon Aiyuk’s absence and Jauan Jennings’ delayed arrival have allowed Purdy to enhance his connection with Deebo Samuel and two new targets, Ricky Pearsall and Trent Taylor.

Spring workouts are, essentially, a passing camp. The offseason program concludes with next week’s mandatory minicamp. Purdy wasn’t healthy for any of it last year. He is now.

Here are 10 other sights and sounds from this week’s access window:

1. BLINDSIDE UPDATE

It’s always unsettling when left tackle Trent Williams is absent, even though spring practices are voluntary and, in Year 15, he certainly does not need refreshers on offensive play installations. “His offseasons are his offseasons. He takes care of himself, always comes back in good shape,” offensive line coach Chris Foerster said. “I’ve learned a long time ago to never be upset whether a guy’s here or not. It’s voluntary.”

That means Jaylon Moore gets to show his growth entering his fourth season. “I really love Jaylon. I love what he does,” Foerster added. “He’s not going to jump off the screen at you. He’s not going to jump off personality-wise, but I love the guy, great guy. He has improved every year.” Developing Moore at this time is vital as he competes with veterans Brandon Parker and Chris Hubbard, the latter of whom hasn’t been spotted yet at OTAs.

2. LINEBACKER MYSTERY

As Fred Warner safely observes on the sideline, he still needles the offense and coaches up teammates, such as wailing how they needed a defender in the ‘A’ gap on a running play.

Demetrius Flannigan-Fowles has played Warner’s spot and done so impressively, beyond an interception of Purdy. The 49ers figured to start veteran acquisition De’Vondre Campbell until Dre Greenlaw returns from Achilles, which could be at least a month into the season. Training camp will allow “DFF” and others to see if they’re a better fit for the scheme. Campbell has lined up next to Flannigan-Fowles on the first-string unit. Campbell turns 31 on July 1; his last game was the Packers’ playoff loss at Levi’s Stadium in January.

3. KICKOFF CHAOS

No one knows how the NFL’s rule changes to kickoffs – shorter running starts before engagements, a landing zone, no fair catches – and it was refreshing to hear a coach acknowledge that. “There’s 31 other coaches like me that don’t know exactly if we’re on the right track, what it’s going to look like,” special teams coordinator Brian Schneider said. “… It’s exciting. I mean, I’m fired up.

“This is the coolest thing to happen in terms of my coaching career because it’s, what are you going to do?” Schneider added. “You have a great opportunity to do something that’s never been done before. So, it’s a race to figure it out and it’s going to be constantly adjusting.”

4. RECEIVER ROTATION

Without Brandon Aiyuk and veteran Chris Conley at practice, the 49ers are giving their other wide receiver a chance to impress, besides Samuel and the recently re-signed Jauan Jennings. Taylor is off to an impressive start in his encore from a 2017-20 tenure. Pearsall’s hands and route running look smooth, even while wearing a no-contact jersey Wednesday for an unspecified but apparently minor injury.

Needing to show more at minicamp and training camp are Jacob Cowing, Danny Gray, Ronnie Bell, Tay Martin and undrafted rookie Terique Owens. The latter is the son of former 49ers star Terrell Owens, and he seemed to slow up on a deep ball that Sam Womack easily defended.

5. OVERLOOKED CORNERBACK

Sometimes the ball bounces your way. In the Super Bowl, it bounced off Darrell Luter Jr.’s foot in punt-return coverage and led to a key fumble. On Wednesday, the ball sailed into Luter’s hands for an interception on an Allen overthrow to Owens. The 49ers defense rejoiced and rushed to congratulate Luter. He hasn’t been excommunicated for his Super Bowl gaffe, and don’t be surprised if he climbs the depth chart this summer. He’s currently behind more experienced cornerbacks in Charvarius Ward, Deommodore Lenoir, Isaac Yiadom, Ambry Thomas, Womack, Rock Ya-Sin, and Chase Lucas.

6. GREEN PLAYS TIGHT

Second-round pick Rendardo Green is making a compelling case to play nickel back as a rookie, which would allow the 49ers to keep Lenoir on the outside with Ward. Green is aggressive and feisty. That may draw some penalty flags for pass interference amid acceptable growing pains.

7. ODOM’S VALUE

Re-signing George Odum benefits the 49ers not only on special teams in his area of expertise but also at safety, where he’s lined up on the first unit with Ji’Ayir Brown. With Talanoa Hufanga rehabilitating from ACL surgery and Tashaun Gipson a free agent, Odum has really been an active, aggressive leader on defense.

The aforementioned kickoff rule change will impact Odum, who has been so proficient in coverage. “He was so skilled at speed, No. 1, and then weaving down the field to put them in a position as (the return) is developing,” Schneider said.

8. RIGHT GUARD BATTLE

Possibly the biggest competition is at right guard, where Spencer Burford was last seen replacing Jon Feliciano in the Super Bowl and surrendering a critical pressure to Chris Jones on Purdy’s final incomplete pass. Challenging Feliciano and Burford is rookie Dominick Puni, a third-round pick who comes with size, range and length but needs to adapt fast to the run scheme.

“We’re just looking for that consistency,” offensive line coach Chris Foerster said. “Maybe it comes from Spencer this year. Obviously, he’s the most talented of the players. I think he’s as talented or more than Puni. Puni will push that from that. And Jon’s just a guy that is a veteran, good player that knows how to get it done.”

9. CENTER CONUNDRUM

Jake Brendel, the starting center the last two seasons, is rehabilitating a knee issue this spring, and the 49ers are scouring for a capable backup. Once the pads come on and contact is allowed at camp, evaluations ramp up for candidates including Feliciano, Ben Bartch, Nick Zakelj and undrafted rookie Drake Nugent, whose father, Terry, played at Colorado State with Foerster.

“He is the more undersized, quick guy that plays with a lot of leverage,” Foerster said of Drake Nugent. “… Really good kid. And, and personally because knowing the dad, knowing the family, I felt really good about the character of the kid as well.”

10. EXTRA GAME CHECK?

A trending storyline throughout the NFL is whether the regular season will expand to 18 games. Defensive end Leonard Floyd didn’t join the chorus of players opposing that additional game. “That’s another check, right? More games, more checks,” Floyd said.

©2024 MediaNews Group, Inc. Visit at mercurynews.com . Distributed by Tribune Content Agency, LLC.

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critical thinking moore parker

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20 Over 20: A JE Dunn Story of Retention

  • May 21, 2024

In the dynamic landscape of modern employment, where career shifts and job transitions are increasingly common, longevity at one company is rare. JE Dunn Construction Company has had a long history of tenured employees throughout its 100-year existence and their Rocky Mountain office is a shining example of achieving what many companies might find impossible – 20 people that have been with the company for over 20 years. After interviewing these employees to deep dive into their journeys with JE Dunn, three themes rose to the top when asked why JE Dunn: the people, the families first mentality, and a commitment to doing the right thing.

Mark Reilly, President – West Region, is among the dedicated individuals who have built their careers at JE Dunn. After graduating from Kansas State University in 1984, he applied to work at JE Dunn’s headquarters in Kansas City, Missouri. Reilly quickly rose among the ranks, most notably helping JE Dunn expand outside of Kansas City. In 1997, Reilly was asked to relocate to Oregon to act as the Senior Project Manager on the Oregon State Prison Two Rivers Correctional Facility project. This was the largest project for JE Dunn at that time and set many standards for how the firm delivered work outside of their home base in Kansas City. Reilly said, “the Two Rivers project was the most impactful project of my career because I had to prove myself and do it without the comfort of being in Kansas City. It wasn’t easy but was one of my favorite projects because we had such a great project team from JE Dunn, the owner, design teams, and trade partners.” After the success of that project, the sky was the limit for new JE Dunn offices to begin emerging across the United States.

Two prominent team members that have worked alongside Reilly their entire careers at JE Dunn include Scott Pashman, General Superintendent, and Jason Crookshank, Group Manager. Pashman and Crookshank understand that this industry can be demanding, but also very rewarding when the effort is put in. Pashman said, “I’ve worked in seven states within my 34 years at JE Dunn and I understand that your reputation needs to be earned, not inherited. We are on a collective journey and I know we will all go through difficult challenges, but what keeps me here is knowing we will always get through it together.” Crookshank has worked in multiple departments within the company from Project Management, to Self-Perform, to serving as a process improvement champion. When asked why he has stayed with JE Dunn, he replied, “The integrity of the company. I have never been asked or put into a position that would be considered unethical, which is really important to me.”

JE Dunn’s local Rocky Mountain office lead, Dustin Liljehorn, has also spent the entirety of his career at JE Dunn. Beginning in Kansas City, Liljehorn transferred to Denver in 2001 to work on a remodel project for GSA Building 25 at the Denver Federal Center. Since then, he has led some of the firm’s largest and most complex projects, including the Spire Condos in Denver and the Wyoming Capitol Square project. When asked about his mindset behind leading one of the largest offices for JE Dunn, Liljehorn responded, “I hope I’m making it a place where people want to come work and grow their careers. I’ve found that each generation brings a different and valuable perspective, so effectively guiding and growing multiple generations is an important focus of mine.”

The main theme that rang true throughout all of the interviews was that the people at JE Dunn are what make it a great place to grow your career. Michelle Ott started as a Marketing Coordinator in 2002 and is now Vice President – Marketing Operations Director. Ott summed up her colleagues as “genuine and humble people.” Adding, “I’ve had a number of great mentors and managers throughout her career and have benefited from the confidence gained when people believe in you before you even believe in yourself.” Jason Thomas, Senior Superintendent, agreed with Ott about the culture and people at JE Dunn, saying, “JE Dunn has a solid reputation, they treat me well, pay me well, and are always thinking about my family when I’m asked about a remote assignment. The people are great, and we’ve all grown together. In general, I have just lucked out, JE Dunn is a great company to work for.”

These and similar sentiments were echoed by all 20 of the employees that were interviewed, from superintendents to supporting departments and after two decades of dedicated service with JE Dunn, it is evident that the bond among these team members extends far beyond mere colleagues; they have become a tightly knit community. Through countless projects, challenges, and triumphs, they have forged a collective identity rooted in shared experiences and mutual respect. Their enduring commitment speaks volumes about JE Dunn’s culture and the rewarding nature of their work. In an industry characterized by constant change, their steadfastness serves as a testament to the enduring power of loyalty, dedication, and friendship.

The employees interviewed for this article include:

  • Bob Zanzig, Senior Superintendent, 41 years
  • Mark Reilly, President – West Region, 39 years
  • Scott Pashman, General Superintendent, 34 years
  • Jason Crookshank, Group Manager, 30 years
  • Marty Rickett, Senior Project Manager, 29 years
  • Dustin Liljehorn, Rocky Mountain Office Lead, 27 years
  • Brian Holthaus, Senior Project Manager, 27 years
  • Jason Thomas, Senior Superintendent, 27 years
  • Jason Oltman, Group Manager – Healthcare, 26 years
  • Matt Bilstein, Project Director, 25 years
  • James Anderson, Preconstruction Services Director, 24 years
  • Judy Freeman, Senior Project Coordinator, 23 years
  • Jennifer Eng, Learning and Development Manager, 23 years
  • Brandon Moore, Vice President – Healthcare, 23 years
  • Casey Wolf, Senior Superintendent, 23 years
  • Tony Scovel, Senior Superintendent, 22 years
  • Rose Lovato, Executive Administrative Assistant, 21 years
  • Michelle Ott, Marketing Strategy and Operations Director, 21 years
  • Lissa Shaw, Project Manager, 21 years
  • Mike Tilbury, Advanced Industries Director, 21 years
  • Vince Stellino, Senior Project Manager, 20 years

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critical thinking moore parker

IMAGES

  1. Critical Thinking

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  2. Critical thinking moore parker by Delgado Annette

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  3. Critical Thinking

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  4. Week 2 Homework Assigment CT.docx

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  5. Critical Thinking (12th Edition)

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  6. Critical Thinking by Richard Parker and Brooke Noel Moore (2014, Trade

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VIDEO

  1. Richard Moore Special Report: Critical Island Habitat to be Protected

  2. Kaden Moore & Parker Clements Interview with John Miller

  3. How Does I. A. Richards' Practical Criticism Influence Literary Analysis?

  4. Unpacking Irrationality: Powering the Future with Nuclear

  5. Terry Moore's Parker Girls Omnibus Graphic Novel Review

COMMENTS

  1. Critical Thinking

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    Critical thinking by Moore, Brooke Noel. Publication date 2015 Topics Critical thinking Publisher Dubuque : McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Collection internetarchivebooks; printdisabled ... true Addeddate 2022-02-11 06:12:06 Associated-names Parker, Richard (Richard B.) Bookplateleaf 0006 Boxid IA40362220 Camera USB PTP Class Camera Collection_set ...

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    Study guide with Critical Thinking Summaries and study assistance with the 13th edition of Critical Thinking. For Dutch Booksummaries with Critical Thinking by Moore and Parker, see Samenvattingen per hoofdstuk bij de 13e druk; For English Booksummaries with Critical Thinking by Moore and Parker, see Summaries per chapter with the 13th edition

  19. The motivation to think in working and learning

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  21. Inman: 10 sights and sounds from 49ers' second week of OTAs

    Here are 10 other sights and sounds from this week's access window: 1. BLINDSIDE UPDATE. It's always unsettling when left tackle Trent Williams is absent, even though spring practices are ...

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    Critical Thinking. 13th Edition. by Brooke Noel Moore (Author), Richard Parker (Author) 4.4 56 ratings. See all formats and editions. In this new edition the authors have expanded on how to improve information acquisitions skills and recognize dubious claims, gravely important in this current climate of "fake news.".

  26. Inman: 10 things I learned at 49ers practice beyond Purdy's passes

    Needing to show more at minicamp and training camp are Jacob Cowing, Danny Gray, Ronnie Bell, Tay Martin and undrafted rookie Terique Owens. The latter is the son of former 49ers star Terrell ...

  27. Amazon.com: Critical Thinking: 9781259690877: Moore, Brooke Noel

    The first integrated program designed specifically for the critical thinking course, Moore & Parker's Critical Thinking teaches students the skills they need in order to think for themselves - skills they will call upon in this course, in other college courses, and in the world that awaits. The authors' practical and accessible approach illustrates core concepts with concrete real-world ...

  28. 20 Over 20: A JE Dunn Story of Retention

    May 21, 2024. JE Dunn Construction Company has had a long history of tenured employees throughout its 100-year existence and their Rocky Mountain office is a shining example. In the dynamic landscape of modern employment, where career shifts and job transitions are increasingly common, longevity at one company is rare.

  29. Trey Parker

    Randolph Severn "Trey" Parker III (born October 19, 1969) is an American actor, animator, writer, producer, director, and musician. He is best known for co-creating South Park (since 1997) and The Book of Mormon (2011) with his creative partner Matt Stone.Parker was interested in film and music as a child and at high school and attended the University of Colorado Boulder, where he met Stone.