a case study catalase activity answers

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8.6: Catalase Activity (Demonstration)

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Catalase is the name of an enzyme found in most bacteria which initiates the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) into water (H 2 O) and free oxygen (O 2 ).

During the normal process of aerobic respiration, hydrogen ions (H + )are given off and must be removed by the cell. The electron transport chain takes these hydrogen ions and combines them with half a molecule of oxygen (an oxygen atom) to form water (H 2 O). During the process, energy is given off and is trapped and stored in ATP. Water is then a harmless end product. Some cytochromes in the electron transport system, however, form toxic hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) instead of water and this must be removed. This is done by the enzyme catalase breaking the hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen as shown above. Most bacteria are catalase-positive; however, certain genera that don't carry out aerobic respiration, such as the genera Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Lactobacillus , and Clostridium , are catalase-negative.

Trypticase Soy agar cultures of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus lactis , 3% hydrogen peroxide.

PROCEDURE (demonstration)

Add a few drops of 3% hydrogen peroxide to each culture and look for the release of oxygen as a result of hydrogen peroxide breakdown. This appears as foaming and indicates the organism is catalase-positive. See Fig. \(\PageIndex{1A}\) . If the organism does not have the enzyme catalase, then the hydrogen peroxide will not be broken down into water and oxygen and no foaming will be seen. See Fig. \(\PageIndex{1B}\) .

Catalase is the name of an enzyme found in most bacteria which initiates the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) into water and free oxygen.

• If the bacterium produces the enzyme catalase, then the hydrogen peroxide added to the culture will be broken down into water and free oxygen . The oxygen will bubble through the water causing a surface froth to form. This is a catalase-positive bacterium (see fig. \(\PageIndex{1A}\) ).
• A catalase-negative bacterium will not produce catalase to break down the hydrogen peroxide , and no frothing will occur (see Fig. \(\PageIndex{1B}\) ).

Catalase Test Record your results below (foaming = positive; no foaming = negative).

Contributors and Attributions

Dr. Gary Kaiser (COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF BALTIMORE COUNTY, CATONSVILLE CAMPUS)

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Enhanced hydrogen peroxide decomposition in a continuous-flow reactor over immobilized catalase with paes-c.

Graphical Abstract

1. Introduction

2. materials and methods, 2.1. materials, 2.2. experimental process, 2.2.1. synthesis of polyaryl ether sulfone containing carboxyl side chain, 2.2.2. preparation of carrier, 2.2.3. preparation of immobilized catalase, 2.2.4. enzyme activity of free and immobilized enzyme, 2.2.5. selection of cu 2+ concentration, 2.2.6. immobilized enzyme single-factor assay, 2.2.7. model of the continuous experimental device, 2.2.8. continuous catalytic h 2 o 2 decomposition tests, 2.3. characterization, 2.3.1. fourier-transform infrared spectra (ft-ir), 2.3.2. scanning electron microscope (sem), 2.3.3. 1 h-nmr, 2.3.4. gel permeation chromatograpgy (gpc), 2.3.5. uv-vis spectrophotometry, 2.4. stability of catalase immobilized on paes-c, 2.4.1. ph stability, 2.4.2. thermal stability, 2.4.3. storage stability, 2.4.4. operational stability, 3.1. characterization of paes-c, 3.2. immobilized catalase condition optimization, 3.3. stability of catalase immobilized on paes-c, 3.4. catalytic decomposition of h 2 o 2, 4. conclusions, supplementary materials, author contributions, data availability statement, conflicts of interest.

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Li, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, W.; Wu, H.; Zhang, S. Enhanced Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition in a Continuous-Flow Reactor over Immobilized Catalase with PAES-C. Polymers 2024 , 16 , 1762. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16131762

Li Y, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Wu H, Zhang S. Enhanced Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition in a Continuous-Flow Reactor over Immobilized Catalase with PAES-C. Polymers . 2024; 16(13):1762. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16131762

Li, Yunrui, Yu Zhang, Wenyu Zhang, Hao Wu, and Shaoyin Zhang. 2024. "Enhanced Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition in a Continuous-Flow Reactor over Immobilized Catalase with PAES-C" Polymers 16, no. 13: 1762. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16131762

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