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Essay on Bank

Banks are financial institutions that deal in monetary transactions. Banks form an integral part of any society. There are numerous banks located in different parts of our country. While earlier there were limited number of banks with a few branches in big cities and towns in India, a number of new banks have opened in the last few decades with branches in every nook and corner of the country. Banks provide a lot of services based on the customer’s requirements. They provide locker facilities, safe deposits, ATM Services, Fixed Deposits, money transfer, loan for business and houses and several other monetary services to their customers.

Long and Short Essay on Bank in English

Here are essay on Bank in English of varied lengths to help you with the topic whenever you required.

After going through these Bank essay, your knowledge about banks, their functioning and their usefulness will enhance and you will emerge as a knowledgeable person.

These essays will prove useful in your school or college assignments, especially for students of commerce or banking.

You can select any bank essay of your choice given below:

Bank Essay 1 (200 words)

The banking system that involves accepting deposits and lending money initiated centuries back in various parts of the world. The system improvised over the time and the banks these days offer various other facilities in addition to the basic depositing and lending of money.

People are encouraged to keep their money in the banks because it is a safe and secure way to store the money. The money stored in the bank in the form of fixed deposits and recurring deposits also fetches a good amount of interest. In addition to money, one can also keep jewellery and important papers in the bank lockers.

Providing loans, which is another primary function of the banks, is also beneficial for individuals and businesses in many ways. Salaried people can build their assets such as property, car, etc easily with the help of loans from the bank. Businessmen can expand their businesses with this facility. A number of other services are also provided to the businessmen to ease their financial transactions and aid in the growth of their business.

Online Banking has further enhanced the process of banking. Various banking services such as checking balance, transferring amount, applying for loan are now provided on the bank’s website. All the customers require doing is opting for internet banking service.

Bank Essay 2 (300 words)

Introduction

Banking system has been in place since centuries. The system has been prevalent in India as well as other parts of the world. Only the services provided and the functions carried out have enhanced over the time.

History of Banks

Banking service began back in the 14 th century in some parts of Renaissance Italy. It was initiated on the lines of the concept of lending and borrowing that took place among people since the ancient era. In the ancient times, the merchants gave grain loans to the traders and farmers. This was called the barter system. Over the time the system evolved to accepting deposits and lending money.

The Fuggers, the Medicis, the Berenbergs, the Rothschilds are among some of the banking dynasties that are known to play a central role in the history of banking. They dominated this sector for centuries. Modern banking services such as issuance of banknotes and reserve banking started in the 17 th century. Bank of England and The Royal Bank of Scotland are some of the oldest banks in the world.

History of Banks in India

In India, the banking system dates back to the Vedic civilization. Loans were given to the needy in that era too only the nitty-gritty’s involved in the same were different. Loans deeds in that period were known by the name rnalekhya or rnapatra.

Big businessmen and landlords gave money to the small traders and farmers on interest in the earlier times. This culture is still prevalent in some villages in the country. The lands or other valuable assets of those who were unable to pay the amount were confiscated just as the banks do these days.

The first bank established in India was the Bank of Hindustan. It was opened in the year 1770 in Calcutta. Bank of Bombay, Bank of Calcutta and Bank of Madras were set up later in the early 19 th century.

There are numerous types of banks in every country to cater to the needs of different customers. They provide various services and aid in the growth of the country’s economy.

Bank Essay 3 (400 words)

A bank is an institution that accepts money deposits from the public and provides funds on credit to individuals as well as firms. These are the primary functions of a bank but not the only functions. They provide various other services to its customers such as locker facility, transfer of funds, issuance of drafts and portfolio management to name a few.

Importance of Banks

Banks are important for the individuals as well as the development of the country’s economy. Here is why these institutions are of importance:

Provides Safety and Security

Money kept at home is not safe. It is prone to burglary. When you keep your money in the bank, it is the bank’s responsibility to safeguard it. You do not have to worry about its security.

Encourages Saving Habits

Banks offer various schemes from time to time to encourage saving habits in people. The money put in the bank is not only saved but also grows. You have the option of withdrawing it any time you want.

Eases Trade and Commerce

Banks promote trade within the country by providing loans and advances to the traders. It also eases the process of trading between different countries. They provide easy money transaction options to smoothen the process. It is easy to send and receive funds from anywhere with the advancement in the banking system.

Promotes Agricultural Sector

Agricultural sector is an important part of the economy. There are special banks that provide loans to the farmers at low interest to promote agricultural activities. Banks thus aid in promoting the agricultural sector.

Aids in Development of Industries

Banks accept deposits from individuals and businesses and provide loads to the industries. They thus aid in the development of various industries in this way. The loan can be repaid in easy instalments.

Provides Employment Opportunities

Banks provide loans for the growth and development of the agricultural and industrial sectors. As these sectors expand, a number of employment opportunities are created for the public.

Banks are an important part of any country. The modern banking services have helped in easing the process of trade, development of industries and other activities that help in the development of the country’s economy. Banks and other financial institutions that promote the growth of businesses and safeguard the money and other valuable assets of individuals are certainly play an integral role in the development of a country’s economy.

Bank Essay 4 (500 words)

Banks play an important role in maintaining financial stability in the country. They offer numerous services to help you manage your finances better. These institutions thus form a vital part of any society.

Functions of Banks

The functions of banks have broadly been classified into two categories. These are the primary functions and the secondary functions. Here is a look at these in detail:

Primary Functions

Primary functions are the main functions of the banks. These include accepting deposits and providing loans. Here is a brief look at these functions:

Accepting Deposits

These deposits are basically of four different types:

Saving Deposits: These deposits encourage public to save money. The money can easily be withdrawn and deposited in the saving account without much restriction. The interest rate here is however quite low.

Current Deposits: This account is especially for the businessmen. These accounts offer facilities such as overdraft that are beneficial for the businesses. No interest is paid in this account.

Fixed Deposits: In a fixed deposit a considerable big amount is deposited in the account for a fixed period of time. The rate of interest is high in such deposits.

Recurring Deposits: A certain amount is deposited at regular intervals in such an account. The rate of interest is high. However, the amount cannot be withdrawn before a certain period.

Providing Loans

Here are the types of loans and advances offered by the banks:

Loans: Loans are offered for both short term and long term period. The rate of interest charged on the same varies based on the type and duration of loan. It can be repaid in instalments.

Cash Credits: The customers have the facility to take cash credit up to a certain amount which is fixed in advanced. A separate cash credit account needs to be maintained for this.

Overdraft: This facility is for businessmen. It is thus provided to the current account holders. They do not require maintaining a separate account to avail this facility.

Secondary Functions

Secondary functions, also known as non-banking functions, are of two types. These are agency functions and general utility functions. Here is a brief look at both these types of functions:

Agency Functions

The bank also acts as an agent for its customers. A number of agency functions are performed by this institution. These include collection of cheques, periodic payments, portfolio management, periodic collections and transfer of funds. Banks also act as executors, administrators, advisors and trustees for their customers. They help their customers deal with other institutions.

General Utility Functions

Banks also perform general utility functions that include providing locker facility, underwriting of shares, dealing in foreign exchange, issuance of drafts and letter of credits, drafting project reports, undertaking social welfare programmes such as public welfare campaigns and adult literacy programmes.

Discounting of bill of exchange is another service provided under this.

While initially the functions of banks only included accepting deposits and providing loans; they have started providing various other services now. All these facilities are aimed at helping the customers with their finances.

Bank Essay 5 (600 words)

Banks are financial institutions that lend money and accept deposits from general public. Banks maintain the flow of money in the country and are important for its economic growth. There are different types of banks that offer different kinds of services to individuals as well as businesses.

Types of Banks

Here are the various types of banks and their functions:

National Banks

Also known by the name, Central or Federal bank, these banks manage the financial system of the government. These non-profit making institutes serve as bankers to the other banks. There is one Central bank in every country. Some of the functions of National banks include supervising foreign exchange, controlling the country’s currency and issuance of paper currency. They do not deal with the general public.

Retail Banks

These are the most common types of banks. These are mainly set up to focus on the requirements of the general public. They open your savings account, provide credit cards, give loans and provide locker facility among other services.

Saving Banks

These are especially established to inculcate the habit of saving money among the people. The deposits from the customers are turned into securities and bonds in these banks. These were set up way back in the 18 th century in European countries. Besides, accepting deposits from individuals these banks offer various other services too.

Commercial Banks

The main aim of these banks is to aid the business class. They provide loans to the businessmen and also provide other services that are useful for the business men. Some of these services include bill of exchange, overdraft and cheque collection.

Investment Banks

These banks are also set up to aid the businesses. These banks help the businessmen establish a foothold in the financial markets. Investment banks facilitate those businessmen who require selling debt to the investors or want to go public with their business.

Land Mortgage Banks

Also known as agricultural banks or Land Development banks, these are mainly set up to aid the agricultural sector by financing it. These banks also play an important part in land development. The reason why this special category of banks has come into being is that there is a lot of risk in financing the agricultural sector and the commercial banks that support other businesses are not ready to take such risk.

Co-operative Banks

Co-operative banks provide loans to small-scale farmers, small-scale businesses and salaried people. They provide both commercial and retail services to people. These banks are registered under Co-operative Societies Act, 1912.

Consumer Banks

These banks have exclusively been set up to provide loan for purchasing durable consumer goods such as car, washing machine, refrigerator, furniture, etc. These banks give their consumers the leverage to repay loans in easy instalments. These are mostly found in first world countries.

Industrial Banks

Also known by the name Development Banks, these banks are established to aid the industrial sector. These banks accept cash by issuing shares and debentures. They provide long-term loan to the industries to help them expand and develop. Many such banks have been established in the country post independence.

Exchange Banks

These banks are particularly engaged in financing foreign trade. Some of the main functions of these banks include discounting foreign bills, purchasing and selling silver and gold and providing assistance in carrying out export and import trade.

Banks are established to ease the financial issues of the general public as well as the country as a whole. Different types of banks serve different purposes and have been set up to cater to the needs of various classes.

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Essay on Bank in English for Children and Students

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Long and Short Essay on Bank in English

Here are essay on Bank in English of varied lengths to help you with the topic whenever you required.

After going through these Bank essay, your knowledge about banks, their functioning and their usefulness will enhance and you will emerge as a knowledgeable person.

These essays will prove useful in your school or college assignments, especially for students of commerce or banking.

You can select any bank essay of your choice given below:

Bank Essay 1 (200 words)

Bank Essay 2 (300 words)

Introduction

History of Banks

History of Banks in India

There are numerous types of banks in every country to cater to the needs of different customers. They provide various services and aid in the growth of the country’s economy.

Bank Essay 3 (400 words)

Importance of Banks

Banks are important for the individuals as well as the development of the country’s economy. Here is why these institutions are of importance:

Provides Safety and Security

Money kept at home is not safe. It is prone to burglary. When you keep your money in the bank, it is the bank’s responsibility to safeguard it. You do not have to worry about its security.

Encourages Saving Habits

Eases Trade and Commerce

Promotes Agricultural Sector

Aids in Development of Industries

Provides Employment Opportunities

Banks provide loans for the growth and development of the agricultural and industrial sectors. As these sectors expand, a number of employment opportunities are created for the public.

Bank Essay 4 (500 words)

Functions of Banks

The functions of banks have broadly been classified into two categories. These are the primary functions and the secondary functions. Here is a look at these in detail:

Primary Functions

Primary functions are the main functions of the banks. These include accepting deposits and providing loans. Here is a brief look at these functions:

Accepting Deposits

These deposits are basically of four different types:

Current Deposits: This account is especially for the businessmen. These accounts offer facilities such as overdraft that are beneficial for the businesses. No interest is paid in this account.

Fixed Deposits: In a fixed deposit a considerable big amount is deposited in the account for a fixed period of time. The rate of interest is high in such deposits.

Recurring Deposits: A certain amount is deposited at regular intervals in such an account. The rate of interest is high. However, the amount cannot be withdrawn before a certain period.

Providing Loans

Here are the types of loans and advances offered by the banks:

Loans: Loans are offered for both short term and long term period. The rate of interest charged on the same varies based on the type and duration of loan. It can be repaid in instalments.

Cash Credits: The customers have the facility to take cash credit up to a certain amount which is fixed in advanced. A separate cash credit account needs to be maintained for this.

Overdraft: This facility is for businessmen. It is thus provided to the current account holders. They do not require maintaining a separate account to avail this facility.

Secondary Functions

Secondary functions, also known as non-banking functions, are of two types. These are agency functions and general utility functions. Here is a brief look at both these types of functions:

Agency Functions

General Utility Functions

Discounting of bill of exchange is another service provided under this.

Bank Essay 5 (600 words)

Types of Banks

Here are the various types of banks and their functions:

National Banks

Retail Banks

Saving Banks

Commercial Banks

Investment Banks

Land Mortgage Banks

Co-operative Banks

Consumer Banks

Industrial Banks

Exchange Banks

Banking Essay Topics

The importance of writing an essay on banking.

Writing an essay on banking is important for several reasons. First and foremost, it allows students to gain a deeper understanding of the banking industry and its role in the economy. By researching and writing about banking, students can learn about the various functions of banks, the impact of banking on individuals and businesses, and the regulatory framework that governs the industry.

Additionally, writing an essay on banking can help students develop critical thinking and analytical skills. They will need to gather and evaluate information, form their own opinions, and present their findings in a clear and organized manner. These skills are not only valuable in academia but also in the professional world, where the ability to analyze and communicate complex information is highly sought after.

Writing Tips for an Essay on Banking

Choose a specific topic: Banking is a broad subject, so it's important to narrow down your focus. Consider writing about a specific aspect of banking, such as the role of central banks, the impact of digital banking, or the challenges facing the banking industry.
Conduct thorough research: Use a variety of reputable sources, such as academic journals, books, and industry reports, to gather information for your essay. Make sure to critically evaluate the information and consider multiple perspectives.
Organize your thoughts: Create an outline to help you structure your essay. This will ensure that your arguments flow logically and that you cover all the necessary points.
Support your arguments with evidence: Back up your claims with data, statistics, and examples. This will make your essay more convincing and credible.
Edit and proofread: Once you have written your essay, take the time to revise and edit it. Check for grammar and spelling errors, and make sure your writing is clear and concise.

Overall, writing an essay on banking can be a valuable learning experience that helps students develop a deeper understanding of the industry and build important skills for their academic and professional careers.

The role of banks in the economy
The impact of digital banking on traditional banking
The future of banking: trends and developments
The role of central banks in the financial system
The importance of financial regulation in banking
The impact of globalization on banking
The ethical considerations in banking practices
The role of technology in shaping the future of banking
The challenges and opportunities in the banking industry
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on banking
The role of consumer behavior in banking
The importance of financial literacy in banking
The role of banks in promoting financial inclusion
The impact of climate change on banking
The role of risk management in banking
The future of branch banking in a digital world
The impact of artificial intelligence on banking
The role of big data in banking
The importance of cybersecurity in banking
The impact of fintech on traditional banking
The role of banks in supporting small businesses
The impact of interest rates on banking
The role of banks in promoting sustainable finance
The impact of mergers and acquisitions on the banking industry
The role of corporate social responsibility in banking
The impact of monetary policy on banking
The role of investment banking in the financial system
The impact of banking on economic development
The role of banks in managing financial crises
The impact of mobile banking on traditional banking services
The role of banks in wealth management
The impact of demographic changes on banking
The role of banks in the mortgage market
The impact of banking on income inequality
The role of banks in the payment system
The impact of banking on personal finance
The role of banks in the foreign exchange market
The impact of banking on real estate markets
The role of banks in the bond market
The impact of banking on stock markets
The role of banks in the insurance industry
The impact of banking on retirement planning
The role of banks in the derivatives market
The impact of banking on corporate finance
The role of banks in the commodities market
The impact of banking on sovereign wealth funds
The role of banks in the private equity market
The impact of banking on venture capital
The role of banks in the hedge fund industry
The impact of banking on alternative investments

Banks play a crucial role in the economy by providing financial services to individuals, businesses, and governments. They facilitate the flow of funds and credit, which is essential for economic growth and development. Banks also play a key role in the payment system, money transmission, and the allocation of resources in the economy.

One of the primary functions of banks is to accept deposits from individuals and businesses and provide them with a safe place to store their money. This is important because it allows people to save and earn interest on their savings, which encourages thrift and investment. Banks also provide loans and credit to individuals and businesses, which helps to finance consumption and investment.

Banks also play a crucial role in the payment system by providing a means for people to make and receive payments. This is important because it allows for the efficient exchange of goods and services, which is essential for economic activity. Banks also provide money transmission services, which allow people to send and receive funds domestically and internationally.

In addition to providing financial services to individuals and businesses, banks also play a key role in the government's fiscal operations. They help to finance government spending by purchasing government securities and lending money to the government. This is important because it helps to fund public infrastructure and services, which are essential for economic development.

Overall, banks play a crucial role in the economy by providing financial services to individuals, businesses, and governments. They facilitate the flow of funds and credit, which is essential for economic growth and development. Banks also play a key role in the payment system, money transmission, and the allocation of resources in the economy. Without banks, the economy would not be able to function effectively, and economic development would be hindered. Therefore, banks are an essential part of the financial system and play a crucial role in the economy.

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Services in Banks: Strategies and Plans Essay

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Introduction

Literature review, body of the paper: services in banks, bank strategies used to attract and satisfy clients’ needs, new plans for the future.

Services play an extremely essential role in political, economic and social aspects. It is not possible to imagine people’s life without personal, government, business, financial and other services. On a state economics level, service sector is one of the most reliable parts of country GDP. Mutually beneficial service practice strengthens not only interpersonal, but international relationships, as well. Every day, customers want to satisfy their needs from a service provider.

Naturally, the role of bank services in the context of state economics and business can not be underestimated. Bank operations influence macro-economic indices and welfare of society. Worldly recognized first-rate banks of the world, located in Switzerland, the UK, the USA, Japan, France, etc. attract their clients with many-years experience, good reputation, reliability and safety of bank services and operation. Such banks use effective strategies to achieve the customer satisfaction. The aim of the present essay is to reveal the multifaceted nature of bank services through understanding bank strategies and examining the experience of specific banks.

The role of services in people’s life is great. All services are performed for a customer, called to provide his life with comfort, satisfying his needs. Services support and facilitate customer personal life. The essence of a service is to help and do work for someone. Mutually beneficial service providing has become the basis for business, trade, interpersonal and international relationships. There are many people employed in services. According to some researchers, in 2005, there were about 80 % of people in the USA involved in the service sector. The indices of another countries are also notably high: the UK – 77%, Canada – 76%, Germany – 68, 5%, etc. (Fitzsimmons, & Fitzsimmons, 2008). As one may see, services are appreciated and demanded by people.

In the history of human civilization, economic evolution has proved favourable environment created by services. A service offers commodity, and performs delivery function (on customer demand). It has an intangible nature, and customized attribute. Any service should be directed to benefits of both a client (buyer) and a provider (seller). Information technology and innovations are the main sources of service sector growth (Fitzsimmons, & Fitzsimmons, 2008).

Banking and bank services have been in the scope of interest of many researchers. For example, Mullineux and Murinde (2003) dedicated their book to the problem of international banking. Mishra (2010) examined a bank in the context of microeconomics and macroeconomics, and the essence of the financial system, where a bank plays an exceptionally essential role.

Analyzing the works of these and other relevant researchers, one may see that a bank is a complex and unique financial institution that performs numerous functions, and provides a wide range of services to its clients. Being a financial intermediary, a bank can be central (issues governmental money and regulates the money supply), commercial (accepts deposits and channels them into landing activities with the help of capital markets), and savings one (receives customer savings accounts, and pays interest to depositors). In addition, most of people have become clients of retail bank, as it provides its services to general public. A modern bank has so many functions that it is difficult to enumerate them all. In general, a bank “accepts deposits from the public, makes fund available to those who need them, and helps in remittance of money from one place to another” (Mishra, 2010, p. 181.). In other words, a bank deals with money and credit in a different way. This is the main essence of commercial banking.

Bank strategies were in the scope of the researchers, as well. For example, Botten and McManus (1999) described the British Internet-oriented strategy that gave bank clients to make financial operations in a cyberspace. Bank card system gave rise to application of other strategies.

Smart bank card applications technology contributes to electronic financial solutions. The network of Automated Teller Machines (ATM) allowed banks to dispense its services to customers through a Personal Identification number (PIN) and a magnetic card. ATM gave customers an opportunity to be engaged in “receiving and dispensing cash, funds transfer between accounts, balance enquiries, etc.” (Wonglimpiyarat, 2005, p. 6). At the same time, Visa, MasterCard and bank’s ATM networks serve to promote its brand, and spread its services among the world population.

Future of the bank services attracted researchers’ attention. In the 90s, it was evident, that globalization, commercialization and Internet expansion reflected on bank performance. Blery and Michalakapoulos (2006) believe that customer-oriented strategies will be applied in the future. Banks will tend to make services more effective, accessible, time-saving, quality and satisfying. New innovative technologies and additional Internet opportunities will contribute to this process.

Numerous functions of a bank predetermined the presence of range of services to its consumers. According to Mishra, it is possible to differentiate the following principal services. First, it accepts deposits: many people prefer saving their money in banks. This function helps people to earn interests and avoid theft. The presence of different types of accounts allow banks to attract clients’ savings: fixed (money is deposited for a fixed period of time; the rate of interest is high), current (serves businessmen and traders to make payments every day, making them pay incidental charges for a service), saving (encourages and mobilizes small savings with a low rate of interest; the number and amount of withdrawals is limited), recurring (encourages regular savings with interest of maturity of depositions; a rate of interest is relatively high), home safe (promotes saving habits under a special scheme), etc. deposit accounts (Mishra, 2010).

Second, a client may take advantage of loans, becoming debtor of a lending bank. However, loans are granted by a bank, depending on the creditworthiness of the borrowers (depends on clients yearly income). Among various types of loans, there are the following ones: money at call (a short period loan, provided for banks and other financial institutions), cash credit (given to a borrower against his current assets, and allows to withdraw money from time to time), overdraft (a borrower is allowed to withdraw more money than his deposits), discounting of bills of exchange (a popular and self-liquidating loan that gives an opportunity to pay the bill with the help of bank commission), and term loans (medium- and long-term loan that allow the amount to be either paid or credited to the borrower’s account; it must be repaid) (Mishra, 2010).

Credit creation is the following bank service: “a bank has the ability to create credit many times more than its deposits, and this ability to multiple credit creation depends on its cash-reserve ratio” (Mishra, 2010, p. 183). Credit creation is favoured by many people, because it allows to obtain good or service before payment. Promoting cheque system is the other bank service that became popular in the age of business transactions: “through a cheque, the depositor directs the banker to make payment to the payee” (Mishra, 2010, p. 183).

Also, a bank provides a customer with the following agency services: remittance of funds, payment and collection of credit instruments (bills of exchange, cheques, etc.), execution of standing orders (for example, a bank may pay rent on behalf of its clients), sale and purchasing of securities (bonds, stocks, shares, etc.), collection of dividends on shares, income tax consultancy, acting as executor and trustee (preserves its customers’ wills after their death), acting as a correspondent and representative (a bank may get traveller’s tickets, passports, and receive letters on clients’ behalf).

Besides, a bank provides its customers with general utility services: locker facility (valuables and important documents are kept for safe custody in a bank), traveller’s cheques (a customer may travell without the fear of loss and theft of money), letter of credit (used in foreign trade to certify customer’s creditworthiness), collection of statistics (a bank keep important information about country money, industry, commerce, trade, banking; publishes bulletins and journals with research articles), underwriting securities, gift cheques (of various denominations), acting as referee (for seeking information about its customers’ business reputation, financial position, and respectability), and foreign exchange business (by discounting foreign bills of exchange, a bank finances foreign trade) (Mishra, 2010).Nevertheless, people’s daily life suggest the idea that payment services are the most demanded services of a bank that meet customer needs every day.

One of the world financially strength banks in the world that satisfy its clients with practically all possible services, accessible for both general and elite public, is National Bank of Abu Dhabi (NBAD), founded in 1968 (Oxford Business Group, 2007). It has served as a central bank that actively participates in formation of the currency abroad. In 2005, its net profit equaled “$702, 42 m, return on quality of 43, 9% and total assets of $22, 76 bn” (Oxford Business Group, 2007, p. 97). Nationals who live outside the UAE have certain preferences in bank services. In general, the bank offers quick, reliable and secure services, giving an opportunity to take advantage from personal, corporate, and free Internet banking. Provision with personal bar-code, bank archive data, credit cards, currency exchange, time deposits, account opening, online trading are only one of possible services, available there (National Bank of Abu Dhabi, 2011). The researchers believe that

“NBAD is the chief provider of corporate services to business, the government, key public sector institutions, and major corporate groups. Corporate services include cash flow management, foreign exchange, and capital market products and assess management” (Oxford Business Group, 2007, p. 97).

Providing the mentioned services, NBAD keeps up the evolving international market, as well, because the considerable number of its clients is foreigners. This bank is able to meet the needs of growing market owing to its successful and effective development strategies. Also, NBAD has developed the advantageous system of international partnership. For example, Italia and Japan take part in corporate cross-border transactions. The bank has 23 overseas units and banking divisions located in Paris, Cairo, Oman, etc. that constituted the branch network that allow to provide with bank services customers from different corners of the world (Oxford Business Group, 2007).

In general, banking is an important service industry for all countries. In a bank, all customer-provider relationships and interactions are concentrated around services. For this reason, services are the most essential integrative elements of banking. Bank services are appreciated by general public, because they help people to achieve what they want: to buy a good or service, to transact money, to get borrower’s credit, etc. Providing a client with a service, a bank is interested in success, as well: a service produces benefit for a bank (difference between amount of deposits and credit percentage) and additional money supply that plays important role for state economy. When a client comes to a bank to get a certain service (for example, he wants to be accommodated with a loan), it should meet consumer expectations.

According to some researchers, it is reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy and tangibles (Fitzsimmons, & Fitzsimmons, 2008). Hence, a bank should have credibility; bear responsibility for services provided. Besides, a client should be assured that a bank is able to provide the needed service on favourable terms. A provider should understand the reason of the demanded service, and demonstrate empathy to the client (in case of a loan, it can be family’s financial necessity owing to back pay, unexpected constrained loss of money, a desire to buy a house or a car). Loan is tangible if a consumer get desirable amount of money before he can repay the debt.

There are many bank strategies called to attract new customers and satisfy their needs. One of them was applied in 1996 by the royal Bank of Scotland. It became the first bank in the UK that offered its clients bank services on the Internet. Since that time, direct banking by PC became possible. It was estimated that about 60 % of the UK population used to pay their bills and check the accounts using a home computer (Botten & McManus, 1999, p. 205). The Internet-oriented strategies of the UK banks allowed internet users to print statement, pill bills, transfer account data into home-banking software package, and take advantage from on-line services and PC banking services (including mobile commerce) (Botten & McManus, 1999).

Bank card innovations of the 1970s gave rise to new competitive strategies in the UK and USA banking sectors. However, the bank card on-line system was quickly extended across the world, because it made bank services (especially, payment ones) accessible and efficient; it notably contributed to electronic commerce that allow to make electronic transactions on the Internet, and buy a product. As one can see on the figure 1 (see appendices), on-line shopping has notable advantages (for example, timesaving capability), in comparison with traditional shopping, that meet modern consumer needs. However, there are some disadvantages, as well (for example, it requires delivery fee) (Fitzsimmons, & Fitzsimmons, 2008).

Nowadays, credit plastic cards, issued by banks, are used every day: they allow to purchase goods and services on credit. Besides, electronic cash currency system proved to be extremely convenient (Wonglimpiyarat, 2005). Credit card and electronic service strategies facilitate the social life: owing to these strategies, people easily make certain banking operations, get cash money from a card, and buy certain goods and services through mobile e-commerce.

Globalization, decreasing customer loyalty, economic volatility, resource outsourcing and other factors made banks to elaborate survival strategies for financial services. The essence of these strategies lies in the following processes: workforce performance improvement, cost reduction, revenue enhancement, return increase, cost-effective activities, integration of up-to-date technologies, etc.

Capitalization of banks plays an extremely important role in bank strategies. Retail banking strategies that practiced in Europe were adopted on the CEE ground. As the internet decreased the customers’ loyalty, banks needed special customer-oriented strategies called to increase bank clients’ loyalty. The loyalty programs that provided special benefits to customers were introduced. Traditionally, cooperative banks possessed “a strong loyalty tool, membership of the bank”.(Groeneveld & Wagemakers, 2004, p. 6).

Besides, Customer Relationship Membership (CRM) systems provide banks with good knowledge of their clients that allow banks to meet their needs. For this reason, many banks used to chose a niche-strategy, and focus on a specific customer need (real estate segment, for example). Retail banking is an extremely competitive industry, for this reason, CRM have certain priorities. Figure 2 (see appendices) shows that three top priorities are customer loyalty, profit growth and client satisfaction (PricewaterhouseCoopers, 2003).

Retail networks are used to sell all kinds of possible products: multidistribution provides with alternative options. For example, multi-channeling strategy, described as “selling products and servicing of clients with different channels, such as branches, ATMs, telephone and internet”, attracts clients with free choice, diversity of channels for different clients, and cost savings. (Groeneveld & Wagemakers, 2004, p. 7). The European largest internet bank, Rabobank, is a virtual distribution channel that offers transaction services on internet-mode technology that allows all users of mobile phones to make bank transaction operations.

Some banks offer other essential strategies that improve customer experience, leverage up-sell and cross-sell opportunities, and promote customer satisfaction. Some of retail bank strategies sound in the following manner: “facilitate integrated and consistent interactions across all channels”, “offer an inviting “Customer Front Door”, “integrate self-service with agent assistance”, etc. (Genesys, 2008, p. 3). On the whole, the strategies mentioned in this part of the essay, are beneficial for both banks and customers; moreover, all of them are called to attract and satisfy customer’s needs in a different way.

CRM systems have proved its effectiveness in aggressive bank competition, and will be used in the future. The strategic importance of CRM is obvious: it helps banks “to build long-lasting relationships with their customers and increase their profits through the right management system and the application of customer-focused strategies” (Blery & Michalakapoulos, 2006, p. 116). The Greek bank and other banks that use CRM system will be able to focus on most profitable customers with the help of efficient segmentation that corresponds to clients’ individual behaviour.

The commercial approach based not only the product but a client, as well, will help to satisfy and retain bank customers. Obviously, more banks will implement voice and phone banking services (loans, stock exchange transactions, etc.) and customer segmentation system (that responds to clients’ needs, interests, habits, etc.), and more clients will take advantage from synchronized networks, offered by banks (branch ATM, Interactive Voice Response, telephone center) (Blery & Michalakapoulos, 2006).

Even modern successful banks are concerned with plans for the future that will bring them more customers, more innovations, and better profit. The research of Oxford business group showed that development strategy of NBAD for the future is directed to expansion and positive innovative changes: installation of new ATM, opening of new branches, provision with first mobile phone banking service in the Middle East and North Africa region (Oxford Business Group, 2007).

Revolutionizing e-commerce is one of the reasons why banking system should be improved and transformed. Internet banking of the future will “reduce transaction costs, enhance customer service, increase the customer base and improve cross-selling opportunities” (Nath et al., 2001, p. 21). The phenomenon of Internet banking can not be underestimated, as it is future of modern society: the number of Internet and PC users grows every day. Online loans, brokerage services, bill payment will be popular clients’ banking activities in cheap cyberspace of electronic banks. Additional and expanded online bank services will be available to clients in private and business life. In addition, “banks are adding real-time loan applications, the ability to make Individual Retirement Account investments, and the opportunity to trade stocks through their web sites” (Nath et al., 2001, p. 26). Thus, the concept of “one-stop shopping” will be wide spread in the future.

Taking into consideration all the information mentioned above, one can make the following conclusion. Bank services serve for the benefit of people, engaged in financial relationship, commerce, business, and other activities. Owing to a great variety of bank services, a customer may deposit, save, transact, exchange, loan money, get a credit card, purchase goods and service via Internet, etc. There are many effective, development and competitive bank strategies used to attract and satisfy clients: customer-oriented strategies, electronic service strategies (Internet-oriented, e-commerce), retail banking strategies (multi-channeling), etc. However, successful future for banks consists in improved, expanded and quality e-banking services that serve for the customer’s benefit in the commerce, business and private life, customer segmentation, increasing and improving clients’ opportunities.

Blery, E., & Michalakapoulos, M. (2006). Customer relationship management: a case study of a Greek bank. Journal of Financial Services Marketing, 11 (2), (pp. 116-124). Web.

Botten, N., & McManus, C. (1999). Competitive Strategies for Service Organizations. Basingstoke, UK: Purdue University Press.

Fitzsimmons, F., & Fitzsimmons, M. (2008). Service Management: Operations, Strategy, and Information Technology (6 th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

Genesys. (2008). Industry strategy guide: customer service strategies for the retail banking industry. Web.

Groeneveld, J., & Wagemakers, J. (2004). Retail bank strategies in Europe. Economic Research Department. Web.

Lele, U. (2000). The World Bank Forest Strategy: Sticking the Right Balance. Washington, DC: World Bank Publications.

Mishra, S. (2010). Engineering Economics and Costing. Philadelphia, PA: PHI Learning.

Mullineux, A., & Murinde, V. (2003). Handbook of International Banking. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing.

Nath, R., Schrick, P., & Parzinger, M. (2001). Bankers’ perspective on Internet banking . E-Service Journal, 1 (1), (pp. 21-36). Web.

National Bank of Abu Dhabi. Official Website. Web.

Oxford Business Group. (2007). The Report: Abu Dhabi 2007. Dubai, UAE: Oxford Business Group.

PricewaterhouseCoopers. (2003). Tackling the key issues in banking and capital markets. Web.

Wonglimpiyarat, J. (2005). Strategies of Competition in the Bank Card Business: Innovation Management in a Complex Economic Environment. Brighton, BN: Sussex Academic Press.

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Essay Samples on Bank

A critical role of corporate governance system in banks.

Corporate governance in banks is a critical issue that has garnered significant attention in recent years. Banks are essential financial intermediaries that play a crucial role in the economy, and their stability is essential to ensure financial stability in the broader economy. Therefore, it is...

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Banking Institution and Financial Market

Traditional banks have been the key players in the financial market, building customer base; on trust, loyalty, capability and efficiency. Customers see these banks as the best and only option to transact in the financial market- the back-end system that drives the banking institution, which...

The Tale Of The London Whale Scandal And How It Affected Jp Morgan

“Call me Ishmael” is the famous opening line to the great American novel Moby Dick. Written in 1851 by Herman Melville, the story is a cautionary tale that focuses on the vengeful Captain Ahab, skipper of the whaling ship Pequod, and his fatal quest to...

Business Analysis: "JP Morgan Chase" Company Culture

During the late 19th century, a period when the U.S. railroad industry experienced rapid overexpansion and heated competition, Morgan was heavily involved in reorganizing and combining a number of financially troubled railroads. In the process, he gained control of larger portions of these railroads stock...

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Analysis Of Jp Morgan's Competition Level Using The Porter's Five Forces Model

JP Morgan is one of the 10 top banks in the world. JPM resides in the financial sector, specifically the banking sector. This industry is highly competitive caused by a variety of forces or factors. To analyze the level of competition in the JP Morgan’s...

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Benefits And Risks Of Off-balance-sheet In Banking

Off-balance-sheet activities refer to activities that are not included in the banks’ balance sheet but can affect the bank’s current profits and losses of business activities. In a financial aspect, off-balance-sheet activities have a narrow sense and a broad sense of meaning. From the narrow...

Difficulties In Accessing Equity Finance By Businesses In Wales

Abstract Access to finance for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is important for the growth of the firm and regional economic development in Wales. However, there currently exists an equity gap in Wales. A possible explanation for an equity gap may be that Welsh businesses...

The Factors Influencing the Property Bank Loan

At the end of the five years, the buyer will then have two choices which is to keep the property or sell it. In circumstances where the buyer wish to keep the property, the buyer can actually pick to be in the scheme for another...

The Ethics of Accepting and Rejecting Bank Loan Applications

A developed banking sector plays a essential role for financial stability of a country. HDBFS is one the leading NBFC in India which provides a variety of products and services. It has a strong capitalisation which was an enriching experience to work in a corporate...

Analysis of the Business Model of a Kazakhstan Banking Market

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The Importance of Central Bank Intervention regarding Asset Bubbles

Bernanke and Gertler concluded asset bubbles as practically impossible to identify beforehand and that “monetary policy is not by itself a sufficient tool to contain the potentially damaging effects of booms and busts in asset prices” (Bernanke & Gertler, 1999). Throughout this literature review I...

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Monetary Policy

Personal Perspective on the Central Bank Intervention Regarding Asset Bubbles

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The Need for Investors to Invest in JP Morgan's Chase

JP Morgan Chase Company (JPM) is an American bank that provides international investment and monetary facilities. The bank was established in the year 2000 and has the headquarter located in New York City in the United States. Although, the bank was established recently, it was...

The Outline of JP Morgan's Strategic Tactics and Progression

Background of JP Morgan J.P. Morgan, a commercial banking giant headquartered in New York, USA, is one of the largest financial services organizations in the United States with operations in more than 50 countries. JP Morgan's Chief Investment Office (CIO) - the official function is...

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A Cover Letter Application to the JP Morgan

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The Correct Order of Actions During a Bank Robbery

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The movie “The Big Short” - Plot About the Subprime Crisis

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Risk Taking of Commercial and Retail Bank

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Assessing Bank's Proposal From Ethics And Regulation Perspective

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IT Network Security Assessment For Southworth-DeSassure Bank

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Case Analysis for Bank of America

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Comparative Analysis Of “Market-Based” And “Bank-Based” Financial Systems

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Profitability Determinants Of Banks In Bangladesh

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The Role Of Banking Institutions In Any Economy

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Interesting Information About Banking And Financial Fraud

Financial fraud is a serious social and economic problem in a worldwide and more serious in growing countries. It has been existing for a long and it increases day by day. Fraud distress business or economy through loss of funds available for generating more cash...

Data Modelling And Database In Bank Institutions

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Best topics on Bank

1. A Critical Role of Corporate Governance System in Banks

2. Banking Institution and Financial Market

3. The Tale Of The London Whale Scandal And How It Affected Jp Morgan

4. Business Analysis: “JP Morgan Chase” Company Culture

5. Analysis Of Jp Morgan’s Competition Level Using The Porter’s Five Forces Model

6. Benefits And Risks Of Off-balance-sheet In Banking

7. Difficulties In Accessing Equity Finance By Businesses In Wales

8. The Factors Influencing the Property Bank Loan

9. The Ethics of Accepting and Rejecting Bank Loan Applications

10. Analysis of the Business Model of a Kazakhstan Banking Market

11. The Importance of Central Bank Intervention regarding Asset Bubbles

12. Personal Perspective on the Central Bank Intervention Regarding Asset Bubbles

13. The Need for Investors to Invest in JP Morgan’s Chase

14. The Outline of JP Morgan’s Strategic Tactics and Progression

15. A Cover Letter Application to the JP Morgan

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Essay on Bank

Students are often asked to write an essay on Bank in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

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100 Words Essay on Bank

Introduction to banks.

Banks are financial institutions that help us manage our money. They offer services like savings accounts, loans, and financial advice.

Services Offered by Banks

Banks provide various services. They help us save money, pay bills, and borrow money for big purchases like homes or cars.

Importance of Banks

Banks play a crucial role in our economy. They help businesses grow by providing loans and stimulate economic growth by managing the flow of money.

Safety in Banks

Banks are safe places to keep our money. They are regulated by the government and insured to protect our deposits.

Also check:

10 Lines on Bank
Advantages and Disadvantages of Bank

250 Words Essay on Bank

Introduction to banking.

Banks, as financial intermediaries, play a pivotal role in the smooth functioning of an economy. They mobilize savings from surplus units and channel them into deficit units, fostering economic growth and stability.

The Fundamental Operations of Banks

Banks perform numerous operations, but their core functions revolve around accepting deposits and granting loans. Accepting deposits provides banks with the liquidity necessary to issue loans, their primary income source. Banks also offer various other services such as fund transfers, bill payments, and wealth management.

Role in Economic Development

Banks significantly contribute to a nation’s economic development. By providing loans, they stimulate business activities, promoting entrepreneurship and employment. Banks also facilitate international trade through various instruments like letters of credit, thereby enhancing a country’s foreign exchange reserves.

Regulation and Supervision

Banks operate under stringent regulatory supervision to protect depositors’ interests and maintain financial system stability. Central banks, like the Federal Reserve in the U.S., oversee commercial banks, implementing monetary policy to control inflation and stabilize the economy.

Challenges and Future Prospects

Despite their crucial role, banks face challenges like cyber threats, competition from fintech companies, and the need to adapt to changing customer expectations. However, the future of banking is promising, with advancements like AI, blockchain, and digital currencies reshaping the banking landscape.

In conclusion, banks are indispensable to any economy. They not only facilitate economic transactions but also contribute significantly to economic development. However, the dynamic nature of the financial environment necessitates their continuous evolution.

500 Words Essay on Bank

Introduction.

Banks are financial institutions that hold a pivotal role in the economic structure of a country. They serve as the backbone of a nation’s economy, facilitating various financial transactions, providing loans, and offering financial services that drive economic growth and development.

The Role of Banks in the Economy

Banks are crucial in maintaining economic stability. They channel funds from savers to borrowers, thereby promoting investment and consumption, which are key drivers of economic growth. Banks also serve as intermediaries in financial markets, facilitating transactions and promoting liquidity. They ensure efficient allocation of resources by directing funds from less productive to more productive sectors.

Types of Banks

The banking sector is diverse, with different types of banks offering a range of services. Commercial banks cater to the general public and businesses, offering services like deposits, loans, and basic investment products. Central banks, on the other hand, control a country’s monetary policy and regulate other banks. Investment banks specialize in large and complex financial transactions, such as underwriting, conducting mergers and acquisitions, and raising capital for companies.

Regulation and Supervision of Banks

Regulation and supervision of banks is crucial for maintaining financial stability. Regulatory bodies ensure that banks operate in a safe and sound manner, protecting depositors’ interests and maintaining public confidence in the banking system. They enforce rules on capital adequacy, liquidity, risk management, and corporate governance, among others.

Challenges Facing the Banking Sector

The banking sector faces several challenges, including technological disruption, increased competition, and changing customer expectations. The rise of fintech companies has disrupted traditional banking models, forcing banks to innovate and adapt. Moreover, in the wake of the global financial crisis, banks are grappling with stricter regulatory requirements and increased scrutiny.

The Future of Banking

The future of banking lies in digital transformation. Banks are increasingly leveraging technology to improve customer experience, streamline operations, and enhance risk management. Technologies like artificial intelligence, blockchain, and big data are set to revolutionize the banking industry. However, this digital transformation also brings new challenges, such as cybersecurity risks and regulatory issues.

In conclusion, banks play a critical role in economic development and financial stability. They face numerous challenges, but also opportunities in the evolving financial landscape. As they navigate through these changes, banks will continue to be a vital part of our economic system, facilitating financial transactions, providing loans, and offering a range of financial services. The future of banking is digital, and those that adapt and innovate will thrive in the new era.

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Essay on Banking

Banking is a very powerful instrument of social change. Banks are playing a crucial role in bridging the gap between the rich and the poor. In fact, banking is the backbone of the modern economy. It is difficult to visualize how trade, commerce or business can be conducted without an efficient banking system.

Banking had been in existence even in earliest times, though in other forms. In India, as in other countries, there were money-lenders who charged very heavy rates of interest. The money lenders did not have the welfare of the people at heart.

They only wanted to fill their own pockets and never missed an opportunity to exploit the poor and the needy. There was nobody to check these malpractices. People condemned the money lenders, but they could not do much. They felt helpless once they were caught in the vicious net of the money-lender.

The modern banking system has no scope for this kind of exploitation Before nationalisation, banks were catering to the needs of only a small section of people belonging to the upper strata of society. In rural areas, the needy until quite recently had no choice but to go to the money lender and take loans on his terms. So the benefits of modern banking did not reach the poor.

With a view to bringing commercial banks into the mainstream of economic development with definite social obligations and objectives, the Government acquired the control and ownership of 14 major banks in the country in July 1969.

Six more banks were nationalised in April 1980 Some of the objectives of the public sector banks were: (a) to mobilise savings of people to the largest possible extent and utilise these for productive purposes, (b) legitimate credit needs of the private sector, (c) to acutely foster opportunities for helping neglected and backward areas of the country, (d) curb, use of bank credit for speculative and unproductive purposes.

The philosophy behind nationalisation of banks was that they should function as an instrument for promoting economic and social development in more purposive manner. As against 8262 branches at the end of June 1969, the number of branches at the end of 1992 was more than 60,000.

The thrust of expansion policy has improved the availability of banking facilities in rural areas. They have started extending loans at concessional rates of interest to small farmers, entrepreneurs, artisans, labourers and members of ST and SC. Lead Bank scheme was also introduced in 1969.

Unfortunately, the expectations of the policy makers and the people have not been fulfilled. Since the nationalisation of banks, there has been a slow deterioration in their services.

The banking staff has become ineffi cient, callous and indifferent to the public. Political interference has also adversely affected the working of the banks. Writing off of the loans for political gain, has put the banking services off the rails.

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Essay on Bank

All of us have seen a bank and most probably have also visited them. But very few of us know about their types and all of their functions. I have brought these essays containing all the details about a bank and will also help you in wiring your essays.

Short and Long Essays on Bank in English

Essay on Bank for students of class 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and class 12 in English in 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 500 words. Also find short Bank essay 10 lines.

Bank Essay 10 Lines (100 – 150 Words)

1) Banks are the place where people keep their money.

2) Works related to money like loans, transactions, etc are done in banks.

3) In 16 th to 19 th centuries, modern banks came into existence.

4) Banks keep our money, ornaments, important papers, etc safe.

5) The loan facility of banks provides great help to the people.

6) There are many government and private banks in India.

7) In India all the banks are controlled and managed by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).

8) Banking sector employs a huge population.

9) The first bank of India was the Bank of Calcutta which was later named as State Bank of India.

10) Today internet and technology have made banking easier.

Essay 1 (250 Words) – Bank

Introduction

Banks are the places where we keep our money or do all our money-related work. Either it is getting a loan or something else. This type of place has been addressed as a bank. Although the word has various meanings, all of them mean the same. It is a place where you feel relaxed. When we are in pressure or have to solve some money-related problems we visit a bank.

How Banks Came into Existence

The existence of a bank was seen for the first time in Mesopotamia in 8000 BC. The evidence of bank and temples were seen in this civilization. These banks were not made for lending money because the money came afterword. These banks were made for lending seeds and agricultural stuff. They also used to keep records of trading.

Modern banking came into existence between the 17th to 19th centuries. It is said that Goldsmiths were the first bankers and they use to lend money to people and people use to keep their valuable things near goldsmiths.

The first-ever bank which offered bank noted was the Bank of England. It further developed and today we have well-established banks. We also have ATMs and Credit cards, etc. All these things have made banking easy.

Everything established in this world slowly. Either it was a man or a bank. Things develop and progress as per time. Today things seem so simple to us but they were not so simple and easy years before. A bank is one of the best examples which show development and change in society.

Essay 2 (400 Words) – Bank and Its Importance

Banks are denoted as one of the most important pillars of our economy. People keep their savings in these banks and this helps our nation to progress. Banks help people in various ways; they lend money for different work. Like if you have to buy a house, a car, even a laptop, banks give us money on certain interests and we can easily pay it in different instalments. Apart from this, there are many more uses of a bank.

Importance of Banks

Banks are important and useful in many ways and I have mentioned some of the most important uses below;

Provides Safety

We feel safe when we keep our money in a bank. Not only money people also keep other valuable things in banks like ornaments, important papers, etc. They provide overall security and many of our parents really feel thankful that they can safely keep their money somewhere. It will be not wrong if I say that we sleep peacefully because we have banks to protect us.

Saves our Money

It is a human tendency that if we have money in our pocket, we will definitely spend it. Whereas if they are in a bank, we feel a bit lazy to use and also banks provide interesting profits and sometimes they also double your money in some schemes. This saves our money and we develop a good bank balance.

Develops Employment

There are more than thousands of employees working in a particular bank and there are 34 banks and all of them have more than 3 branches in a particular city. They are also available in villages, really one of the hottest sectors which provide employment. Many of us just love to be a part of a bank because it is a reputed job.

Provides Loan Facilities

It was a time when people use to help each other and families use to do everything for their near and dear ones. But time has changed how people live in nuclear families and they do not have many contacts. People in cities hail from different places as a result they won’t trust. Then who will help you financially, who will trust you and give you some money when you need it. It is a bank which provides loan and helps you financially.

Banks are important parts of our life and have become very necessary for us. We can’t imagine a society without a bank. We can’t trust others, but we can trust a bank and they are our true friends who never ditch us and also protect our money.

Essay 3 (500 – 600 Words) – Types of Banks

We go to school for education, we visit a temple for prayer similarly there is a place where we visit to solve our money-related problems. We save our money, valuable things and also get a loan. A one-stop solution for all types of money related problems. There are many banks in India and some of them are government whereas some of them are private. All of them do the same job and help people in different ways.

The First Bank

Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena or Berenberg Bank holds the credit of the world’s oldest bank and it was established in the year 1624.

Whereas Bank of Calcutta was the first bank of India established in the year 1806. The name was further changed as Bank of Bengal and also today known as SBI.

Types of Banks:

Banks are of different types some help people in their agricultural problems whereas some help us in our day-to-day problems. I have defined them below;

Central Banks

Banks that are controlled by legislative bodies are central banks. It can be a central bank or reserve bank. We can also state them as the main bank which decides the interest rates as per inflation in the country. They are not only a bank but they also keep an eye on other banks and controls the overall money supply. They also take care of any kind of foreign exchange as well as government bonds. We can call them as the head of all banks.

Commercial Banks

A bank, that is, specially designed for the development of business. They provide loans and some business benefiting offers. They especially support middle to big size business.

Retail Banks

Another name of Retail bank is consumer bank; these banks provide all kinds of facilities to costumers. They won’t lend money to companies or other institutions. People save their money in these banks and they have their easy access to their accounts. They can take or deposit money whenever they want. They provide credit cards, debit cards, ATM facilities, etc to the customer.

Private Banks

Private Banks are also banks having people with personal profits. They provide all facilities like other retail banks just they are not authorized by government agencies. Although the government has an eye on every bank they have very few shares owned by government sectors.

Online Banks

Online banking or internet banking is one of the most convenient forms of banking. They are easily available where ever you want on your fingertips. It is also termed as virtual banking and is a branch of banking. Digital transactions are specially used in this mode of banking and it is most popular these days.

Savings Bank

That bank where we simply deposit our money and they provide us with some interest in our money is saving bank.

Regional Rural Bank

These banks are specially designed for people living in rural areas. They are commercial banks but they are operated at the regional level. They provide all kinds of financial facilities to people living in that area and work for their betterment.

Banks are the basic structures of our economy; they are very helpful in developing a nation. They secure our money and also invest that money in other sectors and generate new income. Really banks are very important and they also help normal people in developing a new business or even buying a house. They have multiple uses and they are available everywhere. We can easily find ATMs and have our money whenever needed.

FAQs: Frequently Asked Questions

Ans . There are 12 public sector banks in India after the merge of smaller banks into larger ones.

Ans . The State Bank of India is the largest public sector bank in India.

Ans . IndusInd Bank, originated in 1994, is the India’s first private bank.

Ans . The ICICI bank is now partnered with PhonePe for UPI transactions.

Ans . The first governor of Reserve Bank of India was Osborne Smith.

Ans . The ICICI bank has recently started the Whatsapp banking services.

Ans . The best bank in India is HDFC bank.

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Practice I Analyse I Excel

Bank Essays-Part 4-Sample Essays

By Asad Yar Khan

In every Bank job, you will be required to continuously communicate with customers and analyze the information for the swift running of the Bank. The descriptive writing section tests a candidate with the writing skills needed for this very purpose. Essay Writing tests your writing ability and your skills to organize your thoughts and ideas. Therefore, good results demand good writing skills. The descriptive section is also crucial from the overall exam perspective, as it affects your overall exam score.

Many aspirants find this section challenging, but good preparation can make this part easy and scoring. So, this article will focus on the art of writing a good essay via a sample essay. Before concentrating on the essay, let’s take a look at the Exam pattern to know the importance of the English section in the Exam.

NIACL AO Exam Pattern 2021

Phase-1 – prelims exam pattern , phase-2 exam pattern – mains , descriptive test mains .

The Descriptive Test will be conducted in online-mode with English as the medium of the test is of 30 minutes duration, where you will have to deal with the English Language divided into:

The descriptive test will be in English and conducted through online mode. Each candidate will be required to obtain a minimum score for each section of the objective test separately for shortlisting for the Descriptive test evaluation/Interview. Descriptive answer script would be evaluated only in respect of those candidates who qualify for the objective test. Depending on the number of vacancies available, cut-offs will be decided for Descriptive paper evaluation.

Sample Essay with Analysis

Given below is a sample essay of 300 words, which will give you an idea about the length and format of the essay.

Topic: The importance of cyber security in banking (300 Words)-With Analysis

Banks have been witnessed thefts and frauds for centuries. Earlier, they had to deal with physical theft and computer fraud and now they have to defend themselves from the problem of cyber fraud and theft of personally identifiable information (PII). And here is where cyber security in banking comes into the picture.

(Introduction of the Essay- The topics is introduced and developed in this paragraph. Here you can introduce related ideas in the next paragraphs.)

As people make most transactions online, there is always a risk of a data breach. It is becoming increasingly important due to our dependence on computer systems, the Internet, and wireless network standards like Bluetooth and Wi-Fi. Another reason for this is the unprecedented growth in the usage of smart devices, including smartphones, and also the Internet of things.

Because of its complexity, technologically and politically, cybersecurity has become one of the major challenges in today’s world. This challenge can be countered by means of countermeasure. Countermeasure is a term used in computer security as an action, device, procedure, or technique to reduce a threat, or an attack by either eliminating it or preventing it altogether. It minimizes the harm the treatment can cause to the system.

With the wave of digitalization in India, people have started using digital payment via apps for online shopping, whether it be ordering food or transferring money, and more. And every day, more and more people are adopting the way of digital transactions. This has been attracting the danger of hackers, who can easily hack into banking applications to steal the personal data of customers. Banking technology, therefore, has to be vigilant against cybersecurity threats. These threats have made it extremely important for banks to regularly upgrade their banking technology to secure the Bank data from hackers.

(Body of the Essay- In the above paragraphs, you can develop the points or arguments by using examples and by connecting the related ideas together so that the essay reads smoothly.)

To conclude, Cybersecurity in digital banking cannot be compromised. Therefore, there needs to be a reliable Cybersecurity system that can effectively safeguard the customer’s data and money.

( Conclusion of the Essay -Conclusion is a very important part of an essay, especially if you are writing for Bank exams. You should encapsulate the main idea of the essay in the conclusion.)

Take Mock Tests

Don’t forget that the knowledge or information of a subject matter or topic is only part of the preparation process. You need to train your mind to spend quick-time in thinking about how to organize your ideas. You can achieve nothing in this world without hard work and dedication. And that is what is needed in sharpening your writing skills in penning a quality Essay on any topic in any Bank Exam. To come out with good essays every time, you need to take care of your reading habits. Read newspapers daily without fail. Newspapers will inject in your mind all the necessary general knowledge, grammar and vocabulary, and the idea-generating power. In addition, you need to constantly work on avoiding any grammatical errors in your writing. After writing every essay, you should proofread it for errors in grammar, capitalization, punctuation, and spelling. You can find countless and diverse resources that are conducive to improving your writing skills including the grammar part, both online and offline. Do a quick google search to jump to a plenitude of platforms that offer lessons and tips on grammar and writing with games and exercises and follow our article! Lastly, give as many Mock Tests as you can to instill confidence in you.

Q1. Is the descriptive paper of NIACL important?

Yes, it is valued at 30 marks which will make a lot of difference in qualifying the mains.

Q2. How to prepare for descriptive English NIACL AO?

Get good at general English language, sentence formation, vocabulary by maximizing your reading efforts. So, try reading good editorials, newspapers, and books.

Q3. Is there any negative marking in the NIACL AO exam?

Yes, there will be a negative marking of 0.25 marks for each wrong answer.

Q4. How many sections are there in the NIACL AO prelims exam?

A total of 3 sections: Prelim, Mains, Personal interview

Q5. Is there any interview for the NIACL AO post?

A personal interview is conducted for candidates which clear the phase-2 examination.

Q6. How many vacancies are there for NIACL AO 2021?

300 vacancies

Q7. Is PM’s NIACL AO 2021 Free Mock Test available?

Yes, PracticeMock’s first mock test is free for NIACL AO.

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Essay on Bank

Jamie Raskin: How to Force Justices Alito and Thomas to Recuse Themselves in the Jan. 6 Cases

A white chain in the foreground, with the pillars of the Supreme Court Building in the background.

By Jamie Raskin

Mr. Raskin represents Maryland’s Eighth Congressional District in the House of Representatives. He taught constitutional law for more than 25 years and was the lead prosecutor in the second impeachment trial of Donald Trump.

Many people have gloomily accepted the conventional wisdom that because there is no binding Supreme Court ethics code, there is no way to force Associate Justices Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas to recuse themselves from the Jan. 6 cases that are before the court.

Justices Alito and Thomas are probably making the same assumption.

But all of them are wrong.

It seems unfathomable that the two justices could get away with deciding for themselves whether they can be impartial in ruling on cases affecting Donald Trump’s liability for crimes he is accused of committing on Jan. 6. Justice Thomas’s wife, Ginni Thomas, was deeply involved in the Jan. 6 “stop the steal” movement. Above the Virginia home of Justice Alito and his wife, Martha-Ann Alito, flew an upside-down American flag — a strong political statement among the people who stormed the Capitol. Above the Alitos’ beach home in New Jersey flew another flag that has been adopted by groups opposed to President Biden.

Justices Alito and Thomas face a groundswell of appeals beseeching them not to participate in Trump v. United States , the case that will decide whether Mr. Trump enjoys absolute immunity from criminal prosecution, and Fischer v. United States , which will decide whether Jan. 6 insurrectionists — and Mr. Trump — can be charged under a statute that criminalizes “corruptly” obstructing an official proceeding. (Justice Alito said on Wednesday that he would not recuse himself from Jan. 6-related cases.)

Everyone assumes that nothing can be done about the recusal situation because the highest court in the land has the lowest ethical standards — no binding ethics code or process outside of personal reflection. Each justice decides for him- or herself whether he or she can be impartial.

Of course, Justices Alito and Thomas could choose to recuse themselves — wouldn’t that be nice? But begging them to do the right thing misses a far more effective course of action.

The U.S. Department of Justice — including the U.S. attorney for the District of Columbia, an appointed U.S. special counsel and the solicitor general, all of whom were involved in different ways in the criminal prosecutions underlying these cases and are opposing Mr. Trump’s constitutional and statutory claims — can petition the other seven justices to require Justices Alito and Thomas to recuse themselves not as a matter of grace but as a matter of law.

The Justice Department and Attorney General Merrick Garland can invoke two powerful textual authorities for this motion: the Constitution of the United States, specifically the due process clause, and the federal statute mandating judicial disqualification for questionable impartiality, 28 U.S.C. Section 455. The Constitution has come into play in several recent Supreme Court decisions striking down rulings by stubborn judges in lower courts whose political impartiality has been reasonably questioned but who threw caution to the wind to hear a case anyway. This statute requires potentially biased judges throughout the federal system to recuse themselves at the start of the process to avoid judicial unfairness and embarrassing controversies and reversals.

The constitutional and statutory standards apply to Supreme Court justices. The Constitution, and the federal laws under it, is the “ supreme law of the land ,” and the recusal statute explicitly treats Supreme Court justices as it does other judges: “Any justice, judge or magistrate judge of the United States shall disqualify himself in any proceeding in which his impartiality might reasonably be questioned.” The only justices in the federal judiciary are the ones on the Supreme Court.

This recusal statute, if triggered, is not a friendly suggestion. It is Congress’s command, binding on the justices, just as the due process clause is. The Supreme Court cannot disregard this law just because it directly affects one or two of its justices. Ignoring it would trespass on the constitutional separation of powers because the justices would essentially be saying that they have the power to override a congressional command.

When the arguments are properly before the court, Chief Justice John Roberts and Associate Justices Amy Coney Barrett, Neil Gorsuch, Ketanji Brown Jackson, Elena Kagan, Brett Kavanaugh and Sonia Sotomayor will have both a constitutional obligation and a statutory obligation to enforce recusal standards.

Indeed, there is even a compelling argument based on case law that Chief Justice Roberts and the other unaffected justices should raise the matter of recusal on their own, or sua sponte. Numerous circuit courts have agreed with the Eighth Circuit that this is the right course of action when members of an appellate court are aware of “ overt acts ” of a judge reflecting personal bias. Cases like this stand for the idea that appellate jurists who see something should say something instead of placing all the burden on parties in a case who would have to risk angering a judge by bringing up the awkward matter of potential bias and favoritism on the bench.

But even if no member of the court raises the issue of recusal, the urgent need to deal with it persists. Once it is raised, the court would almost surely have to find that the due process clause and Section 455 compel Justices Alito and Thomas to recuse themselves. To arrive at that substantive conclusion, the justices need only read their court’s own recusal decisions.

In one key 5-to-3 Supreme Court case from 2016, Williams v. Pennsylvania, Justice Anthony Kennedy explained why judicial bias is a defect of constitutional magnitude and offered specific objective standards for identifying it. Significantly, Justices Alito and Thomas dissented from the majority’s ruling.

The case concerned the bias of the chief justice of Pennsylvania, who had been involved as a prosecutor on the state’s side in an appellate death penalty case that was before him. Justice Kennedy found that the judge’s refusal to recuse himself when asked to do so violated due process. Justice Kennedy’s authoritative opinion on recusal illuminates three critical aspects of the current controversy.

First, Justice Kennedy found that the standard for recusal must be objective because it is impossible to rely on the affected judge’s introspection and subjective interpretations. The court’s objective standard requires recusal when the likelihood of bias on the part of the judge “is too high to be constitutionally tolerable,” citing an earlier case. “This objective risk of bias,” according to Justice Kennedy, “is reflected in the due process maxim that ‘no man can be a judge in his own case.’” A judge or justice can be convinced of his or her own impartiality but also completely missing what other people are seeing.

Second, the Williams majority endorsed the American Bar Association’s Model Code of Judicial Conduct as an appropriate articulation of the Madisonian standard that “no man can be a judge in his own cause.” Model Code Rule 2.11 on judicial disqualification says that a judge “shall disqualify himself or herself in any proceeding in which the judge’s impartiality might reasonably be questioned.” This includes, illustratively, cases in which the judge “has a personal bias or prejudice concerning a party,” a married judge knows that “the judge’s spouse” is “a person who has more than a de minimis interest that could be substantially affected by the proceeding” or the judge “has made a public statement, other than in a court proceeding, judicial decision or opinion, that commits or appears to commit the judge to reach a particular result.” These model code illustrations ring a lot of bells at this moment.

Third and most important, Justice Kennedy found for the court that the failure of an objectively biased judge to recuse him- or herself is not “harmless error” just because the biased judge’s vote is not apparently determinative in the vote of a panel of judges. A biased judge contaminates the proceeding not just by the casting and tabulation of his or her own vote but by participating in the body’s collective deliberations and affecting, even subtly, other judges’ perceptions of the case.

Justice Kennedy was emphatic on this point : “It does not matter whether the disqualified judge’s vote was necessary to the disposition of the case. The fact that the interested judge’s vote was not dispositive may mean only that the judge was successful in persuading most members of the court to accept his or her position — an outcome that does not lessen the unfairness to the affected party.”

Courts generally have found that any reasonable doubts about a judge’s partiality must be resolved in favor of recusal. A judge “shall disqualify himself in any proceeding in which his impartiality might reasonably be questioned.” While recognizing that the “challenged judge enjoys a margin of discretion,” the courts have repeatedly held that “doubts ordinarily ought to be resolved in favor of recusal.” After all, the reputation of the whole tribunal and public confidence in the judiciary are both on the line.

Judge David Tatel of the D.C. Circuit emphasized this fundamental principle in 2019 when his court issued a writ of mandamus to force recusal of a military judge who blithely ignored at least the appearance of a glaring conflict of interest. He stated : “Impartial adjudicators are the cornerstone of any system of justice worthy of the label. And because ‘deference to the judgments and rulings of courts depends upon public confidence in the integrity and independence of judges,’ jurists must avoid even the appearance of partiality.” He reminded us that to perform its high function in the best way, as Justice Felix Frankfurter stated, “justice must satisfy the appearance of justice.”

The Supreme Court has been especially disposed to favor recusal when partisan politics appear to be a prejudicial factor even when the judge’s impartiality has not been questioned. In Caperton v. A.T. Massey Coal Co. , from 2009, the court held that a state supreme court justice was constitutionally disqualified from a case in which the president of a corporation appearing before him had helped to get him elected by spending $3 million promoting his campaign. The court, through Justice Kennedy, asked whether, quoting a 1975 decision, “under a realistic appraisal of psychological tendencies and human weakness,” the judge’s obvious political alignment with a party in a case “poses such a risk of actual bias or prejudgment that the practice must be forbidden if the guarantee of due process is to be adequately implemented.”

The federal statute on disqualification, Section 455(b) , also makes recusal analysis directly applicable to bias imputed to a spouse’s interest in the case. Ms. Thomas and Mrs. Alito (who, according to Justice Alito, is the one who put up the inverted flag outside their home) meet this standard. A judge must recuse him- or herself when a spouse “is known by the judge to have an interest in a case that could be substantially affected by the outcome of the proceeding.”

At his Senate confirmation hearing, Chief Justice Roberts assured America that “judges are like umpires.”

But professional baseball would never allow an umpire to continue to officiate the World Series after learning that the pennant of one of the two teams competing was flying in the front yard of the umpire’s home. Nor would an umpire be allowed to call balls and strikes in a World Series game after the umpire’s wife tried to get the official score of a prior game in the series overthrown and canceled out to benefit the losing team. If judges are like umpires, then they should be treated like umpires, not team owners, fans or players.

Justice Barrett has said she wants to convince people “that this court is not comprised of a bunch of partisan hacks.” Justice Alito himself declared the importance of judicial objectivity in his opinion for the majority in the Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization decision overruling Roe v. Wade — a bit of self-praise that now rings especially hollow.

But the Constitution and Congress’s recusal statute provide the objective framework of analysis and remedy for cases of judicial bias that are apparent to the world, even if they may be invisible to the judges involved. This is not really optional for the justices.

I look forward to seeing seven members of the court act to defend the reputation and integrity of the institution.

Jamie Raskin, a Democrat, represents Maryland’s Eighth Congressional District in the House of Representatives. He taught constitutional law for more than 25 years and was the lead prosecutor in the second impeachment trial of Donald Trump.

The Times is committed to publishing a diversity of letters to the editor. We’d like to hear what you think about this or any of our articles. Here are some tips . And here’s our email: [email protected] .

Follow the New York Times Opinion section on Facebook , Instagram , TikTok , WhatsApp , X and Threads .

More From Forbes

5 strategies to unlock your winning college essay.

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CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS - JUNE 29: People walk through the gate on Harvard Yard at the Harvard ... [+] University campus on June 29, 2023 in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that race-conscious admission policies used by Harvard and the University of North Carolina violate the Constitution, bringing an end to affirmative action in higher education. (Photo by Scott Eisen/Getty Images)

The college application season is upon us, and high school students everywhere are staring down at one of the most daunting tasks: the college essay. As someone who has guided countless applicants through the admissions process and reviewed admissions essays on an undergraduate admissions committee, I've pinpointed the essential ingredient to a differentiated candidacy—the core of your college admissions X-factor .

The essential ingredient to your college admissions X-factor is your intellectual vitality. Intellectual vitality is your passion for learning and curiosity. By demonstrating and conveying this passion, you can transform an average essay into a compelling narrative that boosts your chances of getting accepted to your top schools. Here are five dynamic strategies to achieve that goal.

Unleash Your Authentic Voice

Admissions officers sift through thousands of essays every year. What stops them in their tracks? An authentic voice that leaps off the page. Forget trying to guess what the admissions committee wants to hear. Focus on being true to yourself. Share your unique perspective, your passions, and your values. Authenticity resonates deeply with application reviewers, making your essay memorable and impactful. You need not have experienced trauma or tragedy to create a strong narrative. You can write about what you know—intellectually or personally—to convey your enthusiasm, creativity, and leadership. Intellectual vitality shines through when you write with personalized reflection about what lights you up.

Weave A Captivating Story

Everyone loves a good story, and your essay is the perfect place to tell yours. The Common Application personal statement has seven choices of prompts to ground the structure for your narrative. The most compelling stories are often about the smallest moments in life, whether it’s shopping at Costco or about why you wear socks that have holes. Think of the Common Application personal statement as a window into your soul rather than a dry list of your achievements or your overly broad event-based life story. Use vivid anecdotes to bring your experiences to life. A well-told story can showcase your growth, highlight your character, and illustrate how you've overcome challenges. Intellectual vitality often emerges in these narratives, revealing how your curiosity and proactive approach to learning have driven you to explore and innovate.

Reflect And Reveal Insights

It's not just about what you've done—it's about what you've learned along the way. When you are writing about a specific event, you can use the STAR framework—situation, task, action, and result (your learning). Focus most of your writing space on the “R” part of this framework to dive deeply into your experiences and reflect on how they've shaped your aspirations and identity.

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Best 5% interest savings accounts of 2024.

The most insightful college-specific supplement essays demonstrate depth of thought, and the ability to connect past experiences with your future life in college and beyond. Reflecting on your intellectual journey signals maturity and a readiness to embrace the college experience. It shows admissions officers that you engage deeply with your studies and are eager to contribute to the academic community.

Highlight Your Contributions—But Don’t Brag

Whether it's a special talent, an unusual hobby, or a unique perspective, showcasing what you can bring to the college environment can make a significant impact. Recognize that the hard work behind the accomplishment is what colleges are interested in learning more about—not retelling about the accomplishment itself. (Honors and activities can be conveyed in another section of the application.) Walk us through the journey to your summit; don’t just take us to the peak and expect us know how you earned it.

Intellectual vitality can be demonstrated through your proactive approach to solving problems, starting new projects, or leading initiatives that reflect your passion for learning and growth. These experiences often have a place in the college-specific supplement essays. They ground the reasons why you want to study in your major and at the particular college.

Perfect Your Prose

Great writing is essential. Anyone can use AI or a thesaurus to assist with an essay, but AI cannot write your story in the way that you tell it. Admissions officers don’t give out extra credit for choosing the longest words with the most amount of syllables.

The best essays have clear, coherent language and are free of errors. The story is clearly and specifically told. After drafting, take the time to revise and polish your writing. Seek feedback from teachers, mentors, or trusted friends, but ensure the final piece is unmistakably yours. A well-crafted essay showcases your diligence and attention to detail—qualities that admissions officers highly value. Intellectual vitality is also reflected in your writing process, showing your commitment to excellence and your enthusiasm for presenting your best self.

Crafting a standout college essay is about presenting your true self in an engaging, reflective, and polished manner while showcasing your intellectual vitality. Happy writing.

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Protecting the NRA’s Freedom of Speech Rights Protects Us All

It should be obvious that government officials can’t deploy their regulatory authority to punish an advocacy group because they disagree with its point of view. Yet that is exactly what Gov. Andrew Cuomo (D-NY) and his chief financial regulator, Maria Vullo, set out to do in 2018.

They favored gun control, and therefore disfavored the National Rifle Association. Cuomo and Vullo were of course free to criticize the NRA. But rather than just rely on the persuasive force of their ideas, they deployed the coercive power of their offices to pressure banks and insurance companies to cut ties with the NRA, as alleged.

On May 30, the US Supreme Court in effect confirmed what should have been obvious, unanimously ruling that Vullo’s and Cuomo’s alleged words and actions stated a claim under the First Amendment. In doing so, the court overturned a unanimous decision from the Second Circuit against the NRA. The decision makes no new law, but reaffirms what’s been established since the Supreme Court announced, 60 years ago, that government officials can’t use informal coercion to punish speech they disfavor.

The critical facts alleged in NRA v. Vullo are stark. In February 2018, Vullo, New York’s top financial regulator, with direct oversight of every bank and insurance company in the state, told Lloyd’s, the insurance underwriter, that she’d go easy on unrelated insurance violations if it aided her campaign to weaken the NRA by halting all business with the group. Lloyd’s agreed, and did her bidding.

Six weeks later, Vullo issued formal guidance letters and a press release directing the thousands of banks and insurance companies she oversees to cut their ties with the NRA—not because of any alleged improprieties, but because it “promotes guns.” In the accompanying press release, Cuomo said he directed Vullo to issue the guidance because doing business with the NRA “sends the wrong message.”

This was not about enforcing insurance law; it was about using state power to coerce a boycott of a political group because the state’s highest officials disapproved of its speech. As Cuomo put it in a tweet responding to the NRA’s subsequent lawsuit, “The regulations NY put in place are working. We’re forcing the NRA into financial jeopardy. We won’t stop until we shut them down.”

Had the court accepted Vullo’s argument that this was merely “government speech” and ordinary law enforcement, as the US Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit did, the decision would have provided a playbook for state officials across the country to blacklist whichever groups they disfavor.

That’s why the American Civil Liberties Union agreed to represent the NRA in the Supreme Court. The ACLU disagrees profoundly with the NRA on many issues of law and policy, but we agree that government officials can’t punish advocacy groups simply because they disagree with what they say.

The court’s unanimous decision ensures that officials can’t achieve indirectly what they are barred from achieving directly: punishing speech simply because they disagree with its message. That principle is foundational to a free and democratic society. And the Vullo decision ensures that the First Amendment’s protection extends not just to direct penalties, but to the sorts of end runs that Vullo and Cuomo attempted in targeting the NRA.

The case is NRA v. Vullo , US, No. 22-842, 5/30/24.

This article does not necessarily reflect the opinion of Bloomberg Industry Group, Inc., the publisher of Bloomberg Law and Bloomberg Tax, or its owners.

Author Information

David Cole is national legal director of the ACLU and professor at Georgetown Law. The ACLU represented the NRA in NRA v. Vullo , and Cole argued the case before the Supreme Court.

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To contact the editors responsible for this story: Alison Lake at [email protected] ; Jessie Kokrda Kamens at [email protected]

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Essay on Bank in English for Children and Students
Long and Short Essay on Bank in English. Bank Essay 1 (200 words) Bank Essay 2 (300 words) Bank Essay 3 (400 words) Bank Essay 4 (500 words) Bank Essay 5 (600 words) Banks are financial institutions that deal in monetary transactions. Banks form an integral part of any society. There are numerous banks located in different parts of our country.
107 Banking Essay Topic Ideas & Examples
Published: Feb 01, 2024. Inside This Article. 107 Banking Essay Topic Ideas & Examples. Banking is a fundamental aspect of the modern economy, serving as the backbone of financial systems worldwide. As a result, there is a vast array of topics to explore within the field of banking. Whether you are a student looking for inspiration or a banking ...
The Banking System and Its Policies
The Banking System and Its Policies Essay. Banks are an integral part of the modern financial system, without which the economy cannot fully function. In addition, due to the magnitude of the influence of these organizations, they directly affect the daily life of every person, constantly participating in it.
350 Banking Topic Ideas to Write about & Essay Samples
Traditional banking is characterized by the application of strict regulations, while modern banking is differentiated by the introduction of new laws that resulted in the deregulation of key aspects of the banking industry. We will write. a custom essay specifically for you by our professional experts.
Banking Essays: Samples & Topics
Report on Bank's Credit Card Financial Plan. 11. Investigating Credit Card Fraud Detection. 12. Risk Taking of Commercial and Retail Bank. 13. Analysis Of United Overseas Bank In Terms Of Three Segments Of Banking. 14. Analysis Of Moody's Credit Rating Case Study. 15. AI Along With Machine Learning For Rural Population Across India. Show more
Banking Essay Topics
The Importance of Writing an Essay on Banking. Writing an essay on banking is important for several reasons. First and foremost, it allows students to gain a deeper understanding of the banking industry and its role in the economy. By researching and writing about banking, students can learn about the various functions of banks, the impact of ...
Services in Banks: Strategies and Plans
Numerous functions of a bank predetermined the presence of range of services to its consumers. According to Mishra, it is possible to differentiate the following principal services. First, it accepts deposits: many people prefer saving their money in banks. This function helps people to earn interests and avoid theft.
Bank Essays: Samples & Topics
Essay Samples on Bank. Essay Examples. Essay Topics. A Critical Role of Corporate Governance System in Banks. Corporate governance in banks is a critical issue that has garnered significant attention in recent years. Banks are essential financial intermediaries that play a crucial role in the economy, and their stability is essential to ensure ...
Essay on Bank for Students
Students are often asked to write an essay on Bank in their schools and colleges. And if you're also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic. ... 500 Words Essay on Bank Introduction. Banks are financial institutions that hold a pivotal role in the economic structure of a country. They serve ...
Essay on Banking
Essay on Banking. Banking is a very powerful instrument of social change. Banks are playing a crucial role in bridging the gap between the rich and the poor. In fact, banking is the backbone of the modern economy. It is difficult to visualize how trade, commerce or business can be conducted without an efficient banking system.
Essay on Bank for all Class in 100 to 500 Words in English
Bank Essay 10 Lines (100 - 150 Words) 1) Banks are the place where people keep their money. 2) Works related to money like loans, transactions, etc are done in banks. 3) In 16 th to 19 th centuries, modern banks came into existence. 4) Banks keep our money, ornaments, important papers, etc safe. 5) The loan facility of banks provides great ...
PDF Essays on Banking
on banks' activities, and various forms of bank supervision. As a consequence, the functioning of the banking sector is as much driven by the design of banking regula-tion as by market forces. Due to banks' important role in the allocation of capital, 1. Historical Statistics of the United States: Colonial Times to 1970 Part I (1975 ...
Essay on Banking
Essay on Banking. Better Essays. 2495 Words. 10 Pages. Open Document. Introduction A bank refers to a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities (Lewis, 2009). Ethics refers to the principles of right and wrong that are accepted by an individual or a social group ( (Lewis, 2009).)
Bank Essays-Part 4-Sample Essays
Essay Writing tests your writing ability and your skills to organize your thoughts and ideas. Therefore, good results demand good writing skills. The descriptive section is also crucial from the overall exam perspective, as it affects your overall exam score. Many aspirants find this section challenging, but good preparation can make this part ...
PDF Essays in Banking and Corporate Finance
Essays in Banking and Corporate Finance Abstract This dissertation studies the role of different types of frictions in preventing optimal resource allocation in the economy. In chapter 1, I focus on ﬁnancial frictions and consider the distorted incentives of banks to lend to zombie ﬁrms. I show that bank supervision, in
Bank Experience Essay
1479 Words. 6 Pages. Open Document. Essay Sample Check Writing Quality. Show More. 1. Rushed (Current Bank Experience) My first experience with selecting my current bank draws back to my first day at university. I created an account, on paper, at a tent during the welcome week celebration.
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A nationwide strike in Nigeria brought air travel to a standstill and plunged the country into darkness on Monday as union workers forcibly removed operators at the national grid, the nation's ...
Essay on Bank
Banks form an integral part of any society. There are numerous banks located in different parts of our country. While ear (...) [/dk_lang] [dk_lang lang="pa"]ਬੈਂਕ ਵਿੱਤੀ ਅਦਾਰੇ ਹੁੰਦੇ ਹਨ ਜੋ ਮੁਦਰਾ ਲੈਣ-ਦੇਣ ਕਰਦੇ ਹਨ। ਬੈਂਕ ਕਿਸੇ ਵੀ ਸਮਾਜ ਦਾ ...
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Judge David Tatel of the D.C. Circuit emphasized this fundamental principle in 2019 when his court issued a writ of mandamus to force recusal of a military judge who blithely ignored at least the ...
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The Gospel Coalition announces its 2024 essay contest, inviting young adults (ages 16-22) to explore and write about God's faithfulness, their relationship with technology, and their heart for full-time ministry in our secular age. Winning authors will receive a prize, and their essays will be published on TGC's website.
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Last November, in an effort to salvage this self-regulatory structure, the OpenAI board dismissed its CEO, Sam Altman.The board's ability to uphold the company's mission had become ...
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In February 2018, Vullo, New York's top financial regulator, with direct oversight of every bank and insurance company in the state, told Lloyd's, the insurance underwriter, that she'd go easy on unrelated insurance violations if it aided her campaign to weaken the NRA by halting all business with the group.
Essay on Money
500+ Words Essay on Money is provided here to help students write an effective essay on this topic. Use this as a sample essay and use the information to create your own essay. ... account and a store of value. The money supply of a country consists of currency (banknotes and coins) and bank money. Bank money usually forms the largest part of ...

Essay on Bank

Long and Short Essay on Bank in English

Bank Essay 1 (200 words)

Bank Essay 2 (300 words)

Bank Essay 3 (400 words)

Bank Essay 4 (500 words)

Bank Essay 5 (600 words)

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Essay on Bank in English for Children and Students

Long and Short Essay on Bank in English

Bank Essay 1 (200 words)

Bank Essay 2 (300 words)

Bank Essay 3 (400 words)

Bank Essay 4 (500 words)

Bank Essay 5 (600 words)

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Services in Banks: Strategies and Plans Essay

Introduction

Essay Samples on Bank

Banking Institution and Financial Market

The Tale Of The London Whale Scandal And How It Affected Jp Morgan

Business Analysis: "JP Morgan Chase" Company Culture

Analysis Of Jp Morgan's Competition Level Using The Porter's Five Forces Model

Benefits And Risks Of Off-balance-sheet In Banking

Difficulties In Accessing Equity Finance By Businesses In Wales

The Factors Influencing the Property Bank Loan

The Ethics of Accepting and Rejecting Bank Loan Applications

Analysis of the Business Model of a Kazakhstan Banking Market

The Importance of Central Bank Intervention regarding Asset Bubbles

Personal Perspective on the Central Bank Intervention Regarding Asset Bubbles

The Need for Investors to Invest in JP Morgan's Chase

The Outline of JP Morgan's Strategic Tactics and Progression

A Cover Letter Application to the JP Morgan

The Correct Order of Actions During a Bank Robbery

The movie “The Big Short” - Plot About the Subprime Crisis

Risk Taking of Commercial and Retail Bank

Assessing Bank's Proposal From Ethics And Regulation Perspective

IT Network Security Assessment For Southworth-DeSassure Bank

Case Analysis for Bank of America

Comparative Analysis Of “Market-Based” And “Bank-Based” Financial Systems

Profitability Determinants Of Banks In Bangladesh

The Iron Bank Moves From Braavos To China

The Role Of Banking Institutions In Any Economy

Interesting Information About Banking And Financial Fraud

Data Modelling And Database In Bank Institutions

Essay on Bank

100 Words Essay on Bank

Services Offered by Banks

Importance of Banks

Safety in Banks

250 Words Essay on Bank

The Fundamental Operations of Banks

Role in Economic Development

Regulation and Supervision

Challenges and Future Prospects

500 Words Essay on Bank

The Role of Banks in the Economy

Types of Banks

Regulation and Supervision of Banks

Challenges Facing the Banking Sector

The Future of Banking

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Essay on Banking

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Essay on Bank

Short and Long Essays on Bank in English

Bank Essay 10 Lines (100 – 150 Words)

Essay 1 (250 Words) – Bank

Essay 2 (400 Words) – Bank and Its Importance

Essay 3 (500 – 600 Words) – Types of Banks

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By Asad Yar Khan