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25 Essay Topics for American Government Classes

Writing Ideas That Will Make Students Think

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If you are a teacher searching for essay topics to assign to your U.S. government or civics class or looking for ideas, do not fret. It is easy to integrate debates and discussions into the classroom environment. These topic suggestions provide a wealth of ideas for written assignments such as position papers , compare-and-contrast essays , and argumentative essays . Scan the following 25 question topics and ideas to find just the right one. You'll soon be reading interesting papers from your students after they grapple with these challenging and important issues.

Compare and contrast what is a direct democracy versus representative democracy.
React to the following statement: Democratic decision-making should be extended to all areas of life including schools, the workplace, and the government.
Compare and contrast the Virginia and New Jersey plans. Explain how these led to the Great Compromise .
Pick one thing about the U.S. Constitution including its amendments that you think should be changed. What modifications would you make? Explain your reasons for making this change.
What did Thomas Jefferson mean when he said, "The tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time with the blood of patriots and tyrants?" Do you think that this statement still applies to today's world?
Compare and contrast mandates and conditions of aid regarding the federal government's relationship with states. For example, how has the Federal Emergency Management Agency delivered support to states and commonwealths that have experienced natural disasters?
Should individual states have more or less power compared to the federal government when implementing laws dealing with topics such as the legalization of marijuana and abortion ?
Outline a program that would get more people to vote in presidential elections or local elections.
What are the dangers of gerrymandering when it comes to voting and presidential elections?
Compare and contrast the major political parties in the United States. What policies are they preparing for upcoming elections?
Why would voters choose to vote for a third party, even though they know that their candidate has virtually no chance of winning?
Describe the major sources of money that are donated to political campaigns. Check out the Federal Election Regulatory Commission's website for information.
Should corporations be treated as individuals regarding being allowed to donate to political campaigns? Look at the 2010 Citizens United v. FEC ruling on the issue. Defend your answer.
Explain the role of social media in connecting interest groups that have grown stronger as the major political parties have grown weaker.
Explain why the media has been called the fourth branch of government. Include your opinion on whether this is an accurate portrayal.
Compare and contrast the campaigns of U.S. Senate and House of Representatives candidates.
Should term limits be instituted for members of Congress? Explain your answer.
Should members of Congress vote their conscience or follow the will of the people who elected them into office? Explain your answer.
Explain how executive orders have been used by presidents throughout the history of the U.S. What is the number of executive orders issued by the current president?
In your opinion, which of the three branches of the federal government has the most power? Defend your answer.
Which of the rights guaranteed by the First Amendment do you consider the most important? Explain your answer.
Should a school be required to get a warrant before searching a student's property? Defend your answer.
Why did the Equal Rights Amendment fail? What kind of campaign could be run to see it passed?
Explain how the 14th Amendment has affected civil liberties in the United States from the time of its passage at the end of the Civil War.
Do you think that the federal government has enough, too much or just the right amount of power? Defend your answer.
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332 American Government Essay Topics & Research Ideas

Icon Calendar 18 May 2024
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American Government essay topics present a comprehensive spectrum for exploration, each varying in depth and complexity. Some themes may include the functionality of constitutional democracy in the United States (U.S.), the examination of civil liberties and rights, or the intricacies of the federal system. Students may delve into the analysis of influential Supreme Court decisions, the evolving role of the Presidency, or the workings of Congressional lawmaking. Contemporary subjects, like campaign finance reform, immigration policy, or the impact of media on political discourse, are also important. Unraveling the politics of environmental policy or the checks and balances system’s practicality offers bright themes. In turn, investigating the role of lobbyists and interest groups or dissecting the dynamics of public opinion and voting behavior can give intriguing insights. Thus, American government essay topics not only foster a deeper understanding of the nation’s political landscape but also stimulate critical thinking and analytical skills.

Easy Government Essay Topics

Understanding Democracy: Basic Concepts and Principles
Different Types of Government: A Comparative Study
Voting Systems: Pros and Cons of First-Past-the-Post
Government’s Part in Economic Development: An Overview
Public Health: Government’s Responsibilities and Duties
Rights and Responsibilities of Citizens: A Closer Look
Elections: Understanding the Electoral College System
Why Do We Need a Constitution? An Elementary Explanation
Importance of Civic Education in a Democracy
Federal vs. State Powers: An Introduction
Social Security: Functions and Challenges
Government Regulation of Media: Freedom vs. Responsibility
Public Transportation and Government’s Involvement: An Overview
Differences Between Presidential and Parliamentary Systems of Government
Local Governments: Responsibilities and Functions
Citizen Participation in Government: Why Does It Matter?
Understanding Public Policy: A Basic Analysis
Freedom of Speech: Government and Constitutional Protection
National Security and Individual Privacy: Striking a Balance

Interesting Government Essay Topics

Privatization vs. Public Ownership: Theoretical Considerations
Decentralization of Power: Unraveling Its Implications
State Surveillance: Dilemma of Privacy vs. Security
National Debts: Examining Their Economic and Political Effects
Monarchies in the 21st Century: An Analytical Perspective
Cryptocurrency Regulation: Assessing Different Government Approaches
Digital Governance: Opportunities and Pitfalls
Constitutional Interpretation: Originalism vs. Living Constitution Theory
Understanding Federalism: A Comparative Analysis
Emerging Role of Artificial Intelligence in Governance
Climate Change Policy: National vs. International Responsibilities
Democracy and Technology: Influence of Social Media on Governance
Public Administration Reforms: Lessons From Around the World
Immigration Policy: Factors Influencing Government Decisions
Separation of Powers: An Inquiry Into Its Real-World Implications
Fiscal Policy during Recessions: Strategies and Outcomes
Authoritarian Regimes in a Digital Age: Unpacking the Complexities
Intelligence Agencies: Examining Oversight and Control Mechanisms
Social Equity and Government Policy: Challenges and Opportunities
Political Dynasties: Assessing Their Influence on Democratic Governance

U.S. Government Research Paper Topics for College

Gun Control Policies: Analyzing the Effectiveness in the U.S.
Unraveling the Complexity of U.S. Immigration Reform
Affordable Care Act: A Comprehensive Analysis Post Implementation
Effects of Social Media on the U.S. Electoral Process
Campaign Finance Laws in the United States: A Closer Look
Government Shutdowns: Causes and Consequences in the U.S.
Federalism in the United States: Changing Dynamics
Dissecting the Patriot Act: Implications for Civil Liberties
Constitutional Rights and Digital Privacy: An American Perspective
Polarization in American Politics: Causes and Effects
U.S. Tax Reform: An Analysis of Recent Changes
Influence of Lobbying on Law-Making in the United States
Supreme Court Appointments: Politics and Consequences
Federal Reserve’s Monetary Policy: A Comprehensive Review
Investigating the Role of Super PACs in U.S. Elections
American Infrastructure Spending: Assessing Need and Impact
Analyzing the U.S. Response to Climate Change
Understanding the U.S. Electoral College: Pros and Cons
U.S. Drug Policy: Lessons Learned From the War on Drugs

U.S. Government Research Paper Topics for University

Native American Treaties and U.S. Government: A Detailed Study
Rise of Partisanship: An Exploration Into U.S. Politics
Education Policy in the United States: A Critical Assessment
American Antitrust Legislation: A Review and Analysis
U.S. Military Strategy in the Post-Cold War Era: A Comprehensive Study
Housing Policy and Inequality in the United States: A Detailed Examination
U.S. Trade Agreements: Analyzing Their Success and Failures
Unfolding American Diplomacy in the Asia-Pacific Region: An In-Depth Review
Citizens United Decision: An Analysis of Its Implications on U.S. Elections
Racial Profiling and Law Enforcement in the U.S.: A Study on Systemic Bias
Space Exploration Policies of the U.S.: A Comprehensive Overview
Gerrymandering in the United States: Analyzing Its Impacts on Representation
Public Health Policy in the U.S.: Lessons From the Covid-19 Pandemic
Women in U.S. Politics: A Study on Representation and Influence
Privatization in the U.S.: A Critical Analysis of Its Effects on Public Services
U.S. Welfare Policy: An Evaluation of Its Efficacy and Inclusivity
Privacy Rights in the U.S.: Analyzing the Balance Between Security and Liberty
Minimum Wage Policies in the United States: A Comparative Study
U.S. Energy Policy: A Study of Transition towards Renewable Resources
Cybersecurity in the U.S.: Analyzing Government’s Role in Protecting National Infrastructure

American Government and Foreign Policy Essay Topics

Middle East Policies: A Review of U.S. Strategy and Diplomacy
Democratization and American Foreign Policy: A Critical Examination
China-U.S. Relations: A Study of Economic and Security Dilemmas
American Strategy in Containing North Korea’s Nuclear Ambition
Shifts in U.S.-Russia Relations: Post-Cold War Analysis
Climate Change and American Foreign Policy: An In-Depth Study
Human Rights in American Foreign Policy: Case Studies From the 21st Century
Evaluating U.S. Intervention in Afghanistan: A Retrospective Study
Cyber Warfare and U.S. Foreign Policy: Exploring Strategies and Consequences
U.S. and NATO: Analyzing the Changing Dynamics of Transatlantic Alliance
Latin America in U.S. Foreign Policy: A Historical Analysis
American Policy in the Indo-Pacific: Security, Diplomacy, and Economics
U.S. Foreign Aid: Analysis of Trends and Effectiveness
Arms Control and American Foreign Policy: A Review of Key Agreements
U.S.-EU Relations: Trade, Security, and Diplomatic Perspectives
American Policy Towards Israel and Palestine: A Critical Evaluation
The Iran Nuclear Deal and U.S. Foreign Policy: A Comprehensive Study
Global Health and American Foreign Policy: Priorities and Challenges
Climate Diplomacy in U.S. Foreign Policy: A Study of the Paris Agreement

American Government and Media Essay Topics

Media Influence on Presidential Elections: A Case Study
Influence of Media in Shaping Public Policy: An Analysis
The First Amendment: Press Freedom and Its Limits
Media Portrayal of U.S. Foreign Policy: A Critical Examination
Partisan Media and Polarization in American Politics: An Exploratory Study
Fake News and Its Influence on American Political Discourse
Public Broadcasting in America: A Historical Analysis
Digital Media and American Politics: Understanding the Shift
Social Media’s Influence on Political Mobilization: Case Studies From the U.S.
Media Bias in Coverage of Gun Control: A Comparative Study
Media Framing of Immigration Policies in the U.S.: A Discourse Analysis
Network News and Its Influence on Public Perception of the Presidency
The Power of Political Cartoons in Shaping Public Opinion
Censorship and Self-Censorship in American Media: A Comprehensive Study
Media Coverage of the Supreme Court: A Critical Review
Cable News and Polarization in U.S. Politics: A Longitudinal Study
The Role of Satirical News in American Political Discourse
Media and Public Perception of Climate Change Policies in America
Traditional Media vs. Social Media in U.S. Political Campaigns: A Comparative Analysis

American Political Parties and Elections Topics

Campaign Strategies in Modern American Elections: An Analysis
Transformative Elections in American History: Case Studies
Minor Political Parties in U.S. Electoral Politics: A Comparative Study
Influence of Lobbying on Election Outcomes: An Empirical Investigation
How Gerrymandering Shapes American Politics: A Comprehensive Review
American Presidential Primaries: A Historical Examination
The Electoral College: An Evaluation of Its Efficacy in Modern U.S. Politics
American Politics and the Issue of Voter Suppression: A Critical Study
Dynamics of Swing States in U.S. Presidential Elections: An In-Depth Analysis
Candidate Image Crafting in American Elections: A Semiotic Analysis
Polarization and Its Effect on American Elections: An Empirical Investigation
Public Financing in American Elections: A Comparative Study
Third-Party Candidates and Their Influence on U.S. Elections: An Exploratory Study
American Midterm Elections and Their Effect on Presidential Governance: An Analysis
Effects of Negative Campaigning in U.S. Elections: A Quantitative Study
Dynamics of Coalition Building in American Political Parties: A Case Study
Presidential Debates and Their Influence on Election Outcomes: An Empirical Investigation
Changes in Electoral Behavior in the American South: A Longitudinal Study
The Effect of Voter Turnout on Election Results: A Statistical Analysis
The Future of American Elections: Predicting Trends in the Digital Age

Government Research Paper Topics About the Executive Arm

Presidential Decision-Making in Times of Crisis: A Comparative Analysis
Foreign Policy Execution and the American President: A Critical Study
Cabinet Appointments and Policy Outcomes: An Empirical Investigation
Transformations in the Executive Office: A Historical Review
Executive Orders: A Quantitative Analysis of Their Use and Effectiveness
Exercise of Veto Power: A Comparative Study Across Presidential Administrations
War Powers and the U.S. Presidency: A Constitutional Analysis
American Presidency and the Pardon Power: A Legal Examination
Executive Privilege: Its Use and Misuse in American Politics
Presidential Succession and Continuity of Government: A Policy Analysis
Dynamics of Executive-Legislative Relations: An Interdisciplinary Study
The Vice Presidency: Evolution and Influence in Modern American Politics
Presidential Campaigns: Financing and Its Influence on Policy Outcomes
National Emergency Declarations and Presidential Power: A Constitutional Study
The Power of Persuasion: Rhetoric and the American Presidency
The Cabinet’s Influence on Presidential Decision-Making: A Qualitative Study
Presidential Nominations and the Confirmation Process: A Policy Analysis
Environmental Policy-Making in the Executive Branch: A Historical Review
Immigration Policy Execution and Presidential Discretion: A Comparative Analysis
National Security and the Use of Executive Power: A Critical Investigation

Legislative Branch of Government Essay Topics in American Politics

Committee Power in the U.S. Congress: A Quantitative Study
Bicameralism and Its Influence on Legislation: A Comparative Analysis
Parliamentary Procedure and Democratic Governance: A Policy Review
Policy-Making Dynamics in the Senate: A Historical Review
Congressional Oversight and Its Effect on Executive Power: A Qualitative Study
Gridlock in Congress: Causes, Consequences, and Solutions
House Rules Committee and Its Influence on Legislation: An Empirical Investigation
Legislative Agendas: Partisanship and Its Effects on Lawmaking
Lobbying and Influence in the Lawmaking Process: A Critical Analysis
Congressional Elections: Campaign Financing and Electoral Outcomes
Redistricting and Its Effect on the Balance of Power in Congress: A Quantitative Analysis
Filibuster and Its Impact on Legislative Efficiency: A Policy Analysis
Political Polarization in the House of Representatives: A Comparative Study
Congressional Ethics and Conduct: A Legal Examination
Minority Representation in the U.S. Congress: A Quantitative Analysis
Leadership Dynamics in Congress: A Historical Review
Term Limits and Legislative Productivity: An Empirical Investigation
Congressional Budgeting Process: A Critical Examination
Lawmaking and the Influence of Interest Groups: A Comparative Analysis
Checks and Balances: The Role of Congress in National Security Policy-Making

Political Behavior and American Government Essay Topics

Identity Politics and Policy Preferences in American Government
Shifts in American Political Behavior: Historical Analysis
Public Opinion, Ideology, and Policy Change in U.S. Politics
Media Consumption and Its Influence on Political Preferences
Digital Democracy: How the Internet Has Transformed Political Participation
Voting Behavior and Electoral Outcomes: An Empirical Examination
Effects of Civic Education on Political Engagement: A Comparative Study
Partisan Realignment and Its Consequences for American Politics
Dynamics of Political Polarization in Contemporary America
Political Trust and Its Relationship With Government Performance
Cultural Factors and Their Influence on Political Attitudes
Citizen Engagement and Its Relationship With Political Accountability
Exploring the Nexus Between Socioeconomic Status and Political Behavior
Environmental Concerns and Their Influence on Voting Behavior
Political Socialization and Its Impact on Political Affiliation
Understanding Populism in the Context of American Politics
Racial Politics and Its Effect on the American Government
Religious Beliefs and Their Influence on Political Behavior
Public Opinion and Foreign Policy: A Historical Analysis

Political Theory and American Government Essay Topics

Applying Rawlsian Justice to American Policy Making
Hobbes and the Foundation of American Political Structure
Lockean Ideals in the American Declaration of Independence
Exploring the Influence of Machiavellian Theory on U.S. Politics
Marxist Interpretations of American Economic Policies
Application of Communitarianism in U.S. Social Welfare Policies
Classical Republicanism and Its Echoes in American Government
Neo-Conservatism and Its Theoretical Foundations in U.S. Politics
Postmodern Perspectives on American Democracy
Utilitarianism and Its Reflection on American Economic Policies
Feminist Political Theory and Its Relevance in U.S. Politics
Concepts of Liberty in American Political Discourse: A Theoretical Analysis
Civil Disobedience: From Thoreau to Modern American Protests
Pluralism and Interest Group Politics in America
Exploring Libertarianism in the Context of U.S. Government Policies
Populism as a Political Theory: Reflections in American Politics
Deliberative Democracy in Practice: U.S. Town Hall Meetings
Contractualism and the American Constitution: A Theoretical Analysis
Understanding Identity Politics through the Lens of Queer Theory in the U.S.
Anarchist Theories and Their Relevance to American Political Movements

Public Policy and Administration Topics

Understanding Policy Feedback and Its Implications on Program Sustainability
Public Administration Reforms: Comparative Analysis of Best Practices
Fiscal Federalism and Public Policy Making in Decentralized Systems
Emergent Public Policy Challenges in Cybersecurity
Public Administration and Crisis Management: Lessons From the COVID-19 Pandemic
Public Policy Responses to Technological Disruption
Transparency, Accountability, and Ethics in Public Administration
Policy Diffusion in Intergovernmental Relations: Patterns and Challenges
Incorporating Behavioral Insights Into Public Policy Design
Interrogating the Influence of Lobbying on Public Policy
Urban Planning Policies and Sustainable Development Goals
Gender Mainstreaming Strategies in Public Policy and Administration
Public Administration’s Adaptation to Digital Transformation
Healthcare Policy Reforms: Balancing Efficiency and Equity
Exploring the Nexus of Public Policy and Social Justice
Multiculturalism in Public Policy: Incorporating Diversity in Service Delivery
Trade Policy Negotiations and National Interests: A Diplomatic Tightrope
Fostering Innovation and Creativity through Education Policies
Public Policy Making in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: Opportunities and Challenges

Questions About the American Government

American Government System: Why Does It Operate on a Two-Party Structure?
Supreme Court Appointments: How Do They Influence the Balance of Power?
Understanding the Bill of Rights: Which Amendments Have Provoked the Most Controversy?
Federalism in America: How Does It Affect State Policies?
Impeachment Process in the United States: What Are the Criteria and Consequences?
Why Does the United States Employ an Electoral College in Presidential Elections?
American Government and Lobbying: Is There a Need for Stricter Regulations?
Deciphering the Role of Super PACs in American Politics: Are They a Necessity?
How Does Gerrymandering Influence Political Representation in America?
Citizens United Decision: What Are Its Implications on American Democracy?
Understanding the Powers and Limitations of the American Presidency: Is It Truly a Democratic Office?
How Does the American Constitution Protect Individual Rights?
Campaign Finance in American Elections: How Does It Affect Political Outcomes?
Functioning of the American Legislative Branch: What Makes It Efficient?
Why Do Executive Orders Play a Vital Part in the Functioning of the American Government?
Effect of Gridlock in Congress on American Policy Making: Is It Detrimental?
How Does Public Opinion Influence Government Decision-Making in the United States?
Influence of Interest Groups on American Government: Boon or Bane?
Bicameral Legislature in America: What Are Its Rationale and Significance?

State and Local Government Essay Topics in the American System

Decentralization Dynamics: A Study of Power Shifts in State and Local Governments
Strategizing Municipal Finance: Effective Revenue Generation Models
State Sovereignty vs. Federal Guidelines: An Examination of Conflict and Cooperation
Examining the Efficacy of Participatory Budgeting in Local Government
Local Governments and Environmental Sustainability: Policy Design and Implementation
Diversity in Local Government Leadership: A Comprehensive Analysis
Education Policy Formulation at the State Level: A Comparative Study
Municipal Bond Market: Understanding Its Function in Infrastructure Development
Public Health Management at the State Level: Lessons From Pandemic Response
Understanding Land Use Policy: A Perspective From Local Governments
Fiscal Decentralization: Its Effect on State and Local Economic Development
Urban Planning and Local Governments: A Critical Analysis of Current Practices
Evaluating the Effectiveness of State Governments in Disaster Management
State Government Pension Systems: An Analytical Review of Their Sustainability
Public Transportation Policy: A Case Study of State-Level Initiatives
Revenue Sharing Between States and Localities: An Assessment of Current Mechanisms
Local Government and Community Engagement: Strategies for Effective Citizen Participation
Accountability Measures in State Government: An Investigation of Transparency Practices
Public-Private Partnerships in Local Government: A Review of Best Practices
Challenges and Solutions in State-Level Cybersecurity Policy Implementation

The Constitution and Bill of Rights Topics

Interpreting Freedom: First Amendment Controversies in the Digital Age
Second Amendment Debates: Understanding the Constitution and Gun Control
Protection vs. Privacy: The Fourth Amendment in an Era of Technology
The Eighth Amendment: Contemporary Challenges in the Context of Criminal Justice
Dilemmas of Due Process: A Critical Examination of the Fifth Amendment
Origins and Applications: A Deep Dive Into the Tenth Amendment
Historical Analysis of Constitutional Amendments: Understanding Their Significance
Cultural Shifts and Constitutional Interpretation: Exploring the Changing Landscape
Examining the Thirteenth Amendment: The Legacy of Abolition and Modern-Day Implications
Constitutional Equality: The Unratified Equal Rights Amendment
The Nineteenth Amendment and Beyond: Women’s Suffrage and Contemporary Gender Politics
Voting Rights: The Twenty-Sixth Amendment and Current Debates on Age and Citizenship
The Jurisprudence of the Supreme Court: Notable Cases Interpreting the Bill of Rights
Constitutional Debates and Democracy: Analyzing the Balance of Powers
Influence of International Law on Constitutional Interpretation
How the Bill of Rights Influences Modern Social Movements
The Constitution and Indigenous Rights: Historical Context and Present Implications
Reevaluating the Commerce Clause: A Critical Exploration in the Context of Globalization
Constitutional Perspectives on Data Privacy and Protection

The Judicial Branch of Government Essay Topics in American Politics

Deciphering Judicial Independence: Origins, Challenges, and Prospects
Understanding the Supreme Court: Composition, Function, and Influence
Appointment Controversies: Analyzing the Supreme Court Nominations
Federal Courts and Politics: An Examination of Judicial Decision-Making
Checks and Balances: The Judiciary and the Executive Power
Courts as Policy Makers: Exploring Activism Within the Judicial Branch
The Art of Interpretation: Statutory Construction in the Supreme Court
From Marbury to Modernity: The Evolution of Judicial Review
Exploring Sentencing Disparities: An Examination of Federal Courts
Diversity in the Judiciary: Assessing Representation in Federal Courts
Law, Order, and Ethics: A Critical Analysis of Judicial Conduct
Public Perception and Confidence in the Judicial Branch
Case Precedent and Legal Stability: The Doctrine of Stare Decisis
Securing Justice: The Role of Federal Public Defenders
Judicial Power in the Context of Constitutional Crises
Assessing the Effectiveness of Specialized Courts: A Comparative Study
Judicial Restraint and Activism: Ideology in Supreme Court Rulings
The Federal Judiciary and Civil Liberties: Trends and Implications
Administrative Law and Federal Courts: A Study in Regulatory Litigation
International Law in U.S. Courts: Application and Controversy

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State and Local Governments Analysis Essay

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State and local governments cooperate in various services sharing common responsibilities. The functions, which state and local governments exercise, affect directly Americans’ everyday life. They range from arranging elections for citizens to paying for roads, providing water, organizing police and fire services, establishing zoning regulations and licensing professionals. In addition, state and local government establish limits on property taxes and develop different forms of job training for welfare recipients.

These functions are equally important but, to my mind, there is one function that is even more significant. This is responsibility of controlling educational sector. In the 1990s many state and local governments in the United States organized charter schools which gave citizens an opportunity to start alternative schools that are publicly funded. Other governments established voucher systems that permitted parents to make use of a state-issued voucher to send their children to public schools. I believe the state and local governments’ initiatives in the field of education are of extreme importance as the quality of education citizens get at present affect the overall development of the country in future.

Though the debate over limiting legislative terms dates back to the beginnings of political science, in the United States the problem of term limits for state and nationally elected officials has been treated seriously since the late 1980s – the early 90s. There are both advantages and disadvantages of imposing term limits on officials.

The advantages of term limits include:

They reduce the concentration and abuse of power;
They encourage political participation by nonpoliticians;
They make government more responsive to public needs;
They make politicians think more of the voters’ interests instead of the polices that will ensure their long-term political survival;
They ensure that officials have equal seniority and, as a result, equal power and influence.

The disadvantages of terms limits are:

They take away the right of voters to re-elect their representative or to vote someone out of the office;
Newly elected officials lack the experience that the officials who spent years in office have;
Officials approaching their term limits think of their own political future instead of the voters’ interests;
Term limits lead to frequent trading of posts between the same people and not to new faces that enter politics.

Historically, state constitutions in the USA were changed by means of the four different methods:

Extra-legal means such as the Dorr Rebellion in Rhode Island during 1841-1842.
Initiative. This is the process whereby constitutional changes are proposed and placed on the ballot by a citizen’s petition and then enacted by popular vote. There are two types of initiatives: direct and indirect. Direct initiatives are submitted directly to the voters without any action by the legislature whereas indirect initiatives are proposed by a citizen’s petition but sent to legislature before submitting directly to the voters.
Referendum. This is the process when constitutional changes are passed by the legislature and then referred to voters for final approval. There exist referenda of two types: the popular referenda and the propositions submitted by the legislature. They differ in the citizen’s petition that is present in the first case and is absent in the second one. Contrary to the popular referendum in the proposition submitted by the legislature a proposed constitutional amendment or statute is submitted to voters without being prompted by a citizen’s petition. Up to 1898 this was the only kind of initiative or referendum used in the USA. In 1898 the South Dakota became the first state to allow direct statewide initiatives.
The use of commissions or other administrative bodies as sources of constitutional change. Appeared at the mid of the twentieth century as a product of renegade legislatures that strived to revise outmoded state constitutions with a minimum of popular debate. The two main purposes that commissions serve up to the present day are: to study the constitution and propose changes and to prepare for a constitutional convention.

Currently constitutional change by legislative proposal and popular ratification remains the norm for most states (Leonarde, 1996).

There exist three basic ways in which the national government influences state level politics:

General state jurisdiction. The national government can influence state government through encroaching on the domain of territory that traditionally has belonged to the states. There are two prominent means of this encroachment: preemption and grants-in-aid programs. Preemption implies expand of the national government’s powers by limiting the scope of authority previously exercised by the state governments. Grants-in-aid programs are worked out with the two purposes: to assist in the achievement of state purposes and to assert the primacy of national aims and purposes. The use of block grants and categorical grants are the common examples of how these purposes are achieved by the national government.
State policy priorities. They serve an important arena through which the national government can assert its purposes. There are two possible models through which the national government operates in states’ policy matters: the bargaining model and the alternative hierarchical one. According to bargaining model, the national government can influence state policy matters of modest or marginal significance, whereas the hierarchical model offers that the national government exercises significant influence on the determination of substantive state policies.
Agency resource allocations. The national government affects the allocation of resources by and to specific state agencies. This is the influence of the national government in a micro-level context, the most narrowly focused arena of the national government’s intrusion in state affairs.

The first arena is the most broadly focused one and the second one occupies an intermediate position (Yoo & Wright, 1993, p. 53). Thus, the national government works at different levels to exert one’s purposes.

Voter turnout is the percentage of eligible voters who participate in elections. Different countries have different statistics on average voter turnouts. This happens due to the combination of factors that affect voter turnout:

Socio-economic factors: education, income, ethnicity and age affect voters’ participation in elections. If a person is educated the possibility that he or she will vote increases. Wealthier people are more likely to vote. Since representatives of different ethnic groups have different levels of education and income, the percentage of eligible voters who participate in elections varies in different ethnicities. Elderly people are more willing to vote than the young who claim that they simply do not have time for voting. Married people are more likely to participate in elections than single ones.
Genetic factors: voting appears to be habitual. If a young voter’s parents are/were active during elections he or she is more likely to vote as well. The two genes responsible for social behavior and political activity in particular are monoamine oxidase and 5HTT.
Regional factor: time zones affect voters’ participation. In continent spanning nations voters of some regions are aware of the results from other regions and, therefore, do not find it necessary to vote as they believe their participation will not change the situation.
Cultural factor: the level to which the cultural habit of voting is developed influences voters’ participation in elections. Sense of civic duty that the makes people vote is developed throughout a certain period of time and under certain social conditions. The cultural habit to vote is formed out of the attitudes like trust in government, degree of devotion among the population, interest in politics and belief in the effectiveness of voting.
Institutional factors: the modalities of how voter legislation is conducted; compulsory or non-compulsory character of voting; proportional representation system; ease of voting; voter fatigue and measuring turnout – all of them affect the reported level of average voter turnout.
Weather, time of the year and the day of the week also affect voter turnout. Midweek elections during the spring or autumn increases voters’ participation if compared to elections held weekend and summer. Still, these factors can cause an increase or decrease in turnout up to five percentage points only.

Since the 1960s, there is a trend of decreasing voter turnout in most established democracies in the world. The US show one of the lowest levels of voter turnout as compared to other democracies. The country is 20 th out of 21 in voter turnout among established democracies – only Switzerland has lower voter turnout than turnout in U.S. presidential elections. Turnout among potentially eligible voters in the U.S. in presidential elections is only 50-55%. Turnout in non-presidential years is far lower (Voter turnout). An analyst Curtis Gans claims that America being “the nation that prides itself on being the best example of government of, for, and by the people is rapidly becoming a nation whose participation is limited to the interested or zealous few.” (Gans, 2000, p. 34) Critics trace the decline in voter turnout as the result of the baleful influence of “big money” on voters. The large sums raised and spent by competing parties and their campaigns alienate voters and discourage their participation. The widely-spread opinion among the voters is that there is no necessity to vote as campaign contributors run the show. Other possible cause of decline in the level of voter turnout in the USA is that sharply critical advertising (so-called negative ads) discourages voting by fostering cynicism about the political process. Big money and negative ads are the most obvious signs of sickness in the body of politics and low voter turnout in the country is the consequence of the disease. Limits on political liberty through restrictions on campaign finance and on political advertising are expected to save the patient and increase voter turnout in the USA (Samples, 2004, p. 2).

Electrical machinery and computers are among the leading manufactures of North Carolina. Apart from ordinary usage, computers have been gradually used in the state as tools for making Internet voting possible. In the 2000 elections, the state participated in a proof-of-concept demonstration of Internet voting. At the current stage Internet voting research persists as it is of primary importance to find out how secure Internet voting is to decide whether to permit it or not in the state. My position is that until this system of voting does not offer any guarantees of secure voting it should not be implemented in the state.

The thing is that according to the research of the Internet Policy Institute, remote Internet voting systems pose significant risk to the integrity of the voting process and “should not be fielded for use in public elections until substantial technical and social science issues are addressed.” (Schwartz) Technical issues imply the problem of security, as there are many opportunities for hackers to hack the whole system and to influence the election results. As North Carolina is a state where young population prevails and hackers are mostly young people the chances that the system can easily be hacked increase. Interested parties and opposing candidates if resort to services of these hackers, not to mention terrorists who often themselves are rather educated in computer science, the very principle of fair and democratic elections will be neglected.

Another problem that might appear if implementing the Internet voting system in the state is that due to the income differences not every voter in North Carolina has Internet access. The principle of fairness does not work in case of Internet voting, as the actual possibility of voting is restricted to Internet access of the voter.

It would seem that the use of voting machines in traditional polling places is the best solution to the problem but it appears that the leading voting machines manufacturers of the state do not give any guarantees of their products’ security. The proprietary codes that electronic voting companies develop can leak over the Internet. Moreover, there are no effective threats to the dangers of viruses, worms, hackers, and intruders that question the security of Internet voter system elaborated.

Thus, until no public oversight of elections and their absolute security is offered no green line to Internet voting system in North Carolina should be given.

The US Constitution proclaims separation of power in the government. By establishing the principle of separation of power the Framers intended not to recreate a government with centralized power (during the US colonial period) and followed John Locke’s idea that government power must be limited so that the liberties of people cannot be easily trampled (Long) The first instance of divided government occurred in 1792 when Federalist President George Washington was reelected and Thomas Jefferson’s Democratic-Republican Party won a nine-seat majority in the House. In 1984 the pattern persisted: Republican Ronald Reagan was re-elected and the opposition Democrats had a seventy-one-seat margin in the lower chamber. In 1988 Republican George Bush easily beat Democrat Michael Dukakis in the presidential election, but the Democrats increased their majority in the House to an impressive eighty-nine-seat plurality (White and Mileur, 1992, p. 36). As neither Democrats nor the Republicans can work out a national program that is compelling enough to win an outright majority the combination of their efforts become more effective in terms of state level politics. Historically, American voters who experience the outcomes of the state level politics approve of divided party government that speaks of its effectiveness. For example, after the 1988 balloting sixty seven percent of Connecticut voters found divided party government good for the country and the 1990 survey found that 51 percent of voters considered divided government to be “a good thing, because it has kept either political party from having too much power.” Only 37 percent found it “bad because it has made it impossible to work on solutions to the important problems facing the country.” (White and Mileur, 1992, p. 37).

Divided and unified party government has both positive and negative impacts on state level politics: on the one hand, divided government makes the enactment of policy more difficult but presents a balanced view on this or that problem, on the other, unified government is more likely to pass significant public policy though the principle of “check and balance” does not work in this case.

United States state legislatures – “the first branch of government” – today have a vastly increased capacity to govern (Pound, 1999, p. 28). This capacity is disclosed through the functions that they perform:

Propose amendments to the state constitution, consider proposed amendments to the Constitution of the United States;
Prepare and legislate for a program derived from a variety of sources. The need of the program comes out from the study of the problems of the district and the state. The needs of the committees on which legislators serve, of their parties, friends and interest groups are also thoroughly considered before the need for new legislation is conceived;
Perform reviews of other legislators’ proposals and programs and either support or oppose them;
Oversee the work of the administrative branch of the government;
Attend committee hearings, review reports and investigate complaints to monitor the annual state budget;
Serve a link between the district, state and federal agencies, handling the constituents’ problems through personal assistance;
Attend and participate in party caucuses, meetings on specific problems and general conventions thus playing an active role in the work of the political party.

The professionalism with which these functions are performed by state legislators results in either increase or loss of the public confidence in representative institutions.

There exist two approaches to characterize representatives of legislature. The first one offers the fall of legislatures into four groups: “professionalized”, transitional, traditional and those with term limits (Pound, 1999, p. 28). According to the second existing approach legislatures fall into three groups: professional, citizen or a hybrid of the two (Penchoff, 2007, p. 11). Though the two approaches slightly differ in the titles proposed for each legislature type and in characteristic traits that define each of the type, both of them state that “professional” or “professionalized” legislature has certain advantages over the other legislature type. Namely, these are higher compensation, unlimited time in session, large professional staffs and members who define their occupation as legislator (Pound, 1999, p. 28).

This professional legislature type includes highly urbanized states with large populations: California, New York, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, Michigan, Ohio, Illinois, Wisconsin and New Jersey. The type of legislative body is one of the leading factors that affect legislative compensation. Professional legislatures are the highest paid. For example, legislators in California are the highest paid in the 50 state capitols with annual salaries of $110,880. In general, by 2005, the average salary in professional legislatures was $67,077.22. That’s a 5.13 percent increase for the above-mentioned states since 1975 (Penchoff, 2007, p. 11). Moreover, as term limits become more widely implemented throughout the states the advantage of unlimited time in session remains very important.

The percentage of professional legislators has increased from 3 percent in 1976 to 11 percent in 1986 and to 14 percent in 1995. Though the advantages that this legislature type has are sometimes crucial for the choices in favor of professional legislature that politicians make, one should also give credit for time-consuming role that professional legislatures take in performing constituent services for the public.

A state governor has many responsibilities. First, he serves as commander-in-chief of the National Guard during peaceful times or when there is no case of emergency. This responsibility has been established historically. Prior to the World War II the Guard was available on call of the state governor to handle various disturbances that occurred.

The governor has the right to submit a comprehensive executive budget and messages to the legislature; therefore, he is in a position to influence the legislature and public serving a leader of policy.

In addition, the governor has much power in policy innovation. He can call on any of the state agencies for ideas and data and the state cannot refuse to give him the information he requests.

Further, governor is the head of his political party. Therefore, he has to spend a great deal of time attending party activities. Smoothing over contradictions that emerge between rival factions within the organization or rival members of the legislature is one among the governor’s responsibilities in terms of the political party that he is in charge of.

The governor is also responsible for appropriate actions in case of emergency. The governor’s duty is to make plans for the case of emergency in collaboration with other officials. Emergencies include natural disasters, prison breaks, race riots, and political crises of various sorts.

Other responsibilities of the governor include making basic changes in existing public policy, new state programs, and major alterations in the tax structure. The governor’s task is to find the most suitable decision for this or that problem that occurs. He is to seek a wide range of opinions on the subject. When various approaches to the problems are carefully thought over the governor makes the final decision. The results that the decision will bring will determine the political fate of the governor and of his party or faction. Regarding this, the governor cannot afford to be often wrong.

Adrian, C. R. (1967). State and Local Governments (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.

Chandler, J. A. (Ed.). (1993). Local Government in Liberal Democracies: An Introductory Survey . New York: Routledge.

Deeply Felt Politics Shaped Events. (2004). The Register-Guard (Eugene, OR) , p. A1.

Elcock, H. (1994). Local Government: Policy and Management in Local Authorities . New York: Routledge.

Gans, C. (2000). Table for One, Please: America’s Disintegrating Democracy. Washington Monthly , 20, 33-35.

Hagel, C. (2006, March). Can America Deal with the 21st Century? “Strong and Imaginative Leadership, Coherent Policies and Responsible Politics and Government Will Sustain Our Great Nation.”. USA Today (Society for the Advancement of Education) , 134 , 10.

James, H. G. (1921). Local Government in the United States . New York: D. Appleton.

Lavery, K. (1999). Smart Contracting for Local Government Services: Processes and Experience . Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers.

Leonarde, A. R. (1996). In search of the deliberate initiative. A proposal for a new method of constitutional change. 2008. Web.

Litan, R. E. (2001). Law and Policy in the Age of the Internet. Duke Law Journal, 50 (4), 1045.

Long, J. P. (1997). Divided government: Change, uncertainty, and the constitutional order. 2008. Web.

Militia Targets Local Government. (1998, June). Public Management , 80 , 21.

O’Looney, J. A. (1998). Outsourcing State and Local Government Services: Decision-Making Strategies and Management Methods . Westport, CT: Quorum Books.

Penchoff, J. (2007). Legislative pay daze. Web.

Pierce, G. (1996). Inside Politics. The Washington Times , p. 6.

Pierce, G. (2000). Inside Politics. The Washington Times , p. 6.

Pound, W. T. (1999). The Modern Legislature. State Legislatures , 25 , 28.

Raimondo, H. J. (1970). The Economics of State and Local Government . New York: McGraw-Hill.

Saltzman, J. (1999). Who Runs Your State? Does Anyone Care?. USA Today (Society for the Advancement of Education) , 128 , 55.

Samples, J. (2004). Three Myths about Voter Turnout in the United States, Policy analysis, 524, 1-12.

Schwartz, J. (2004). Report says Internet voting system is too insecure to use . 2008. Web.

Scully, S. (1997, June 20). That’s Politics. The Washington Times , p. 10.

Staley, S. (1993). Bigger Is Not Better: The Virtues of Decentralized Local Government. USA Today (Society for the Advancement of Education) , 121 , 10.

Switzer, J. V. (2001). Local Government Implementation of the Americans with Disabilities Act: Factors Affecting Statutory Compliance. Policy Studies Journal, 29 (4), 654.

Vile, M. J. (1999). Politics in the USA . London: Routledge.

Voter turnout . 2008. Web.

White, J. K. & Mileur, J. M. (Eds.). (1992). Challenges to party government . Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press.

Woo, L. C. (1994). Today’s Legislators: Who They Are and Why They Run. State Legislatures , 20 , 28.

Yoo, J.-W. & Wright, D. S. (1993). Public policy and intergovernmental relations: Measuring perceived change(s) in national influence – the effects of the federalism decade. Policy Studies Journal, 21, 53-55.

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122 american government research paper topics for you.

American government research paper topics lie under the political science category in schools, universities, and colleges. Many educators ask learners to write about these topics when pursuing political studies.

But, writing about these ideas is not an easy task due to the dynamic nature of politics. Ideally, political tides keep shifting every day. However, students should write about fresh and original ideas to impress their educators and earn top grades.

American Government Research Paper Outline

After picking a topic and researching it, a learner should write a paper with the following sections.

Introduction: This section should introduce your topic to the readers and briefly tell the readers what you’ll be discussing in the paper. It should also have your thesis statement or problem statement.
Literature review: Here, your paper should highlight relevant studies relating to your topics. Include information about past studies that you have used to research your title.
Methodology: This section should tell readers about your research methods and how you analyzed information about your topic.
Findings: Tell readers about your research findings in this section. You can describe and evaluate the results.
Conclusion: Summarize everything and tell the audience how your findings support your thesis statement. Also, recommend or suggest further studies on the topic if necessary.

Selecting interesting American government paper topics is perhaps, the essential thing when working on this assignment. That’s because you will spend a lot of time gathering and analyzing information. If you pick a dull topic, you won’t enjoy working on your paper. Here are exciting issues to consider when writing a piece about the American government.

Exciting American Government Topics

If the educator didn’t assign you topics for your American government essays, pick titles that you will find exciting to work with from the beginning to the end. Here are exciting ideas to consider for your papers.

Does the federal government have too much, enough, or the right power amount?
Effects of the 14th Amendment on the United States’ civil liberties
Why the Equal Rights Amendment failed
Direct democracy vs. representative democracy
Should the law extend democratic decision-making to the government, workplace, and school?
How New Jersey and Virginia plans led to the Great Compromise
What should the U.S. constitution change about the government?
States versus the federal government- Which deserve more power?
Which programs can compel more people to participate in local and presidential elections?
Is gerrymandering dangerous to presidential elections and voting?
A comparison of the United States’ political parties- What are their election policies?
Should the government require schools to secure a warrant for searching students’ properties?
Does the First Amendment provide the fundamental right?
Which branch in the federal government wields the most power?
How presidents have used the executive orders in the U.S. history
How many executive orders has the current President issued?
Should congress members vote by following the people’s will or their conscience?
Should the congress members have term limits?
A comparison of the House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate
Why do some people call the media the 4th branch of government?
How social media has strengthened political parties in the U.S.
What are the primary sources of funds for political campaigns in the U.S?

These are compelling topics that will captivate your professor or teacher to read your paper. Nevertheless, research your idea extensively to develop a winning essay.

Legislative Branch of Government Topics

Perhaps, you’re interested in a topic about the legislature. In that case, this category comprises topics you’ll find fascinating to work on from the beginning to the end.

The role of advocates, opponents, and experts in the rejection or passage of a bill
Why does the number of subcommittees and committees matter?
Describe the legislative process that the Senate follows
Why does the decisive vote by the Vice President matter to the Senate?
The 17th Amendment ratification in 1913
Why representatives should elect their house speaker
The essence of the 25th Amendment to the legislature and the house
How effective is the Senate in committee hearings and inquiries
Why the Congress should have powers to remove a seating President
Passing a bill- What is the origin of the two-third majority rule?
The importance of the Senate in approving presidential appointments
Why does the 25-year age limit matter when vying?
Why house representatives should sever for over two terms
The essence of the census in determining the representatives’ number
A critical evaluation of the Senate and House of Representatives
Is the American legislature an accurate reflection of women’s representation?
Is the United States Congress adequately constituted?

Consider these ideas and then explore them through research to develop informative papers. Aim to provide relevant and valuable information through your essay to impress the educator.

U.S. Government Research Paper Topics for College & University Students

Perhaps, you’re in college or university, and you need a topic for your research paper. In that case, consider the following titles for your essays.

How reliable are presidential election polls?
American government’s public relations and their essence in its success
Clinton and Bush war doctrines
What is the U.S. government’s stance on immigration?
Why the 2008 U.S. Presidential election was a biased female politician’s depiction in the mass media
How the constitution balances power between the government branches
How the U.S. government influence the American democracy
How the government’s bureaucratic processes influence modern America
How the U.S. government’s foreign policies affect the European politics
The government’s role in fighting against terrorism
How political scandals affect the U.S. government
How divisions in the U.S. government affect its functioning
Foreign policy by the U.S. government- Guns or words?
The U.S. government and church interconnections- How do they influence society morals?
The U.S. government policy on speech freedom in modern society
Should direct voting replace the Electoral College system?
The pros and cons of the U.S. government policy on marijuana legalization
The U.S. government censorship- Should citizens watch whatever they want?
An empiric study of money distribution by the U.S. government
What is the U.S. government’s policy on outsourcing?
Describe the U.S. government’s policies about the web
Does the U.S. government have a religious aspect?
What are the issues facing the Federal government in the U.S.?
How the U.S. government policies affect social inequality
The U.S. government’s main principles and their implementation during the XXI century

Some of the topics in this category require high-level research to produce quality papers. Nevertheless, you can write a good essay if you take the time to research your preferred idea.

Government Research Paper Topics about the Executive Arm

Maybe you’re interested in the executive arm of the U.S. government. In that case, explore these topics about this branch of the U.S. government.

Why the Department of Defense is the most significant arm of the U.S. government
Does the committee have the correct number of departments to meet the U.S. people’s needs?
Why is the cabinet comprised of the closest confidants of the President?
Is it right for the U.S. president to select the cabinet members alone?
Why the White House Chief of Staff has to be the closest adviser of the President?
Why do Vice Presidents have a unique approach to their role?
What is the national relevance of the President’s Oval Office?
Is it necessary for the First Family and the President to live in the White House?
Is the congressional delegation during the electoral vote a representation of the people’s will?
What is the meaning of the State of the Union Address for a President?
What are the President’s powers?
Explain how the federal government administers and enforces federal laws
Does the President have the ability to appoint independent national commissions heads?
How the Congress affects overwriting a President’s veto
Should the constitution allow the President unlimited powers to extend amnesties and pardons for federal crimes?
Advantages and disadvantages of the Affordable Care Act by President Obama

Most research paper topics in this category revolve around the cabinet, vice president, and President. Nevertheless, they can be the basis of good academic papers.

Politics Topics to Write about in High School

If looking for political topics for high school, this section has the best ideas for you.

Is it right or wrong for the U.S government to monitor the public?
Government incentives and globalization
Government aid and U.S. airways
What is the difference between a parliamentary government and a presidential government?
Should the U.S. government regulate the internet?
How religion affects the U.S. government
Business and government relations
Does the government control equality?
Influence of government policies on wealth and income distribution
Local and state government accounting
What is the role of government in the market economy?
Does the constitution give citizens obligations and duties to the U.S. government?
What are the principles of the United States government?
Does the U.S. government control the media?
Issues facing the U.S. federal government

These are exciting topics in American politics and the government for high school students. Nevertheless, learners should research their topics extensively to write quality papers.

Questions about American Government

Perhaps, you’re looking for questions you can answer in your paper about the American government. In that case, here are brilliant ideas to consider.

Between representative and direct democracy, which is the best option for Americans?
What can convince more people to participate in the U.S. election?
Between the federal and the state government, which is the most powerful and why?
Who funds political campaigns in the U.S.?
Is the media the fourth U.S. government branch?
Do Congress members follow their voters’ will?
How do the U.S. presidents use their executive privileges?
Why are presidential election polls unreliable?
Does the U.S. federal government have excess power?
What led to the failure of the Equal Rightnecessarynt in the Senate?
Why is the U.S First Amendment so important to Americans’ human rights?
Is reducing the federal budget deficit important?
Has the U.S. government contributed to citizens’ inequality?
How does religion affect the U.S. government and citizens?
What are the effects of the ruling party on the U.S. government?
What is the U.S. government’s role in the American economy?

These questions can be the basis of excellent American government research topics. Nevertheless, research your preferred idea to develop a winning paper.

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More than half of states will recognize Juneteenth as an official public holiday in 2023

This year, at least 28 states and the District of Columbia will legally recognize Juneteenth as a public holiday.

Around one-in-five candidates for Congress or governor this year are veterans

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Americans’ Views of Government: Decades of Distrust, Enduring Support for Its Role

65% say most political candidates run for office “to serve their own personal interests.”

In some states, students account for a large and growing share of statehouse reporters

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What is the role of local government

What is the role of local government - Essay Example

Subject: Politics
Type: Essay
Level: Undergraduate
Pages: 3 (750 words)
Downloads: 1
Author: morargarrick

Extract of sample "What is the role of local government"

The paper “Role of Local Government in the Federal System" is an affecting variant of an essay on politics. A local government is the lowest level of administration and a form of public administration in a given state. The actions of a local government should be within the powers delegated through legislation by the constitution or through orders from higher levels of government (Marx, 1982). This paper aims at analyzing the roles of the local government in the administration of duties as prescribed by the constitution and the powers assigned to them to aid the government.

The question on the role of the local government has a relation to the city is that a city is a name given to the local government in certain places. The other names include district, province, region, department, and town among other names used in different places. The roles played by the local government in the federal system including ensuring health facilities are provided and maintained for the people in the jurisdiction of the local government. The local government has to ensure the presence of health services and maintaining them to a high level of efficacy and effectiveness.

The other role is that the local government has to ensure that the population provides and maintains primary, adult, and vocational education to the residence of the area. The local government has a role in the development of natural resources and agriculture for the benefit of all the members of the local government. This is however with the exception of exploiting minerals, which is reserved for the national government. The other roles of the local government is ensuring the fire protection services is available for the residents through building fire station locations and equipping them with vehicles and fie appliances.

The local government has a role of maintaining the fire appliances and providing enough human resource. The local government has the function of levying duties or local taxes for them to be able to run the local government and provide the necessary human services, fire, education, and health services for the people. Waste collection in the area is another role of the local government to ensure the area under their jurisdiction is clean and environmental friendly for the locals under their jurisdiction.

Planning of the town is the other role of the local government to ensure the growth of the town is in tandem with the needs of the people and the needs of the local government for the efficiency in ensuring roads, water provision, sewerage system, communication lines, and electricity can be supplied well. Provision of public recreation facilities for the members of the community to have a place to socialize and interact in terms of playing fields, parks, and other recreation facilities for the people are the other roles of local government.

Ensuring that the streets in the local government are well lighted is another role of the local government to avoid security concerns for the people within their jurisdiction. Immunization of people, recycling of wastes, and ensuring the control of pests within their jurisdiction are the other roles for the local government to perform. However, there are shortcomings in the ability of the local government to deliver the functions outlined above to the people. One of the shortcomings is the mismanagement of meager resources in the local government by those in control as they use them for personal benefit and not for the development of the community and the provision of benefits for the community.

The other reason for the shortcomings is that local governments have not had major impacts on the lives of the people owing to fewer funds disbursed by the national government and the funds from taxes are not enough for the running of local government activities. The central government does not provide enough funds for the local government to run all activities to positively impact the lives of the people. The central government controls the actions of the local government and directs them to achieve the roles they directly affect the ability of the local governments to function properly and with efficiency.

I recommend that the autonomy of the local government and the central government should be maintained to ensure there is no interference between the two levels of the government (OSullivan, 2012). Legislation that ensures the autonomy of the two levels of government should be instituted and followed by all regardless of level for the local government to function in an efficient and productive manner. The second recommendation is that the policies against corruption in the local government should be instituted to ensure resources are used well for the benefit of the people.

This will limit misappropriation of resources that will be used to provide infrastructure and other essential services for the people (Morphet, (2008).In conclusion, the local government has roles to play in ensuring the running of the government is maintained at the local level. The main reason for the local government to perform the above functions is that it is the level of government that it is near the people most. The ability to reach the people and deliver the services with efficiency ensure makes it the best level of government to perform these duties.

The other reason is that the local government is mandated by the constitution to perform these duties.

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All things Local Government. These are really good as Essential Questions, Warm-ups, Test Questions, Homework or Great Lead-Ins for Class Discussions.

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Five graduate students awarded for outstanding dissertations

We are delighted to announce that five of our graduate students were awarded dissertation prizes at our commencement celebration on May 22.

Headshots of five graduate students L-R: Olivia Woldemikael, Caterina Chiopris, Dimitri Halikias, Andi Zhou, and Tyler Simko

The Department of Government prize for the best dissertation on a topic of race, ethnicity/or migration and politics was awarded to Olivia Woldemikael for her dissertation, “The Local Consequences of Migration Policies in Latin America, Africa, and North America.”

The two Senator Charles Sumner Prizes are bestowed upon the best dissertations “from the legal, political, historical, economic, social, or ethnic approach, dealing with any means or measures tending toward the prevention of war and the establishment of universal peace”. Caterina Chiopris and Dimitri Halikias were awarded the two prizes for their respective dissertations on “Regional Inequalities and Spatial Integration: Essays on the Political Economy of Europe, 1629-2022” (Chiopris) and “Slaves without Masters: The Feudal Imagination and the Critique of Impersonal Domination” (Halikias).

The Edward M. Chase Prize for the best dissertation on a subject relating to the promotion of world peace was awarded to Andi Zhou for his essay, “The Causes and Consequences of Territorial Nationalism” .

Last, but by no means least, Tyler Simko won the Robert Noxon Toppan Prize for the best dissertation on a subject of political science with his paper “Geographic Policy Evaluation in US State and Local Politics” .

Well done to Olivia, Caterina, Dimitri, Andi, and Tyler for their fantastic work and contributions to their respective fields.

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'Peace now': Veterans for Peace Sheboygan demonstrate against genocide amid Israel-Hamas war

'we’re basically against the military industrial complex that makes money off of war,' said army veteran tom contrestan, veterans for peace sheboygan member..

SHEBOYGAN – Every Saturday, on the corners of North Ninth Street and Erie Avenue, a group of peace advocates hold signs protesting genocide and calling for an end to the United States funding Israeli war efforts.

Signs reading “PEACE NOW” and “NO MORE US TAXES FOR GENOCIDE” were just a couple of the signs Veterans for Peace Sheboygan , a nonprofit that advocates for peace and shares the impact of total costs of war, held to demonstrate for peace as cars whizzed through the intersection May 25.

The group — consisting of half a dozen to a dozen people — has been standing on the corner since March to take a stand against U.S. involvement in the Israeli invasion of Gaza, said Army veteran Tom Contrestan.

“We’re basically against the military industrial complex that makes money off of war,” he said.

Craig Wayh, a Navy veteran with the group, said they are not necessarily on one side or the other in the war.

“We’re against genocide,” he said.

The latest Israel-Hamas war has been ongoing for more than 7 months, with the United Nations estimating more than 35,000 people have been killed and about 1.7 million people have been displaced.

Israel-Hamas war: Latest news, updates and stories from the ground

President Joe Biden recently allocated funds for more humanitarian aid to Gaza and has been critical of Israel’s invasion plans into the area with no consideration for civilians. The New York Times reported he also approved a $15 billion military aid package to Israel, a U.S. ally.

Protests have broken out across the nation in support of Palestine, largely on college campuses . In Wisconsin, pro-Palestine protesters, mainly students, at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and UW-Milwaukee held protests and set up encampments for up to two weeks, calling for administration to break ties from Israel .

The Milwaukee Journal Sentinel reported hundreds of UW-Madison protesters were met with police intervention for not taking down the encampment, which violated a state law banning camping on campus property, resulting in more than 30 reported arrests and injury to a Palestinian professor after he said he was pinned to the ground. Both groups have met initial deals with administrators to take down encampments with future plans to discuss divestment from Israeli companies.

UW Oshkosh protest: Students stage pro-Palestine protest at UW Oshkosh, demand university cut ties with Oshkosh Corporation

While many of these protests have featured large crowds often taking a strong stand for one side of the war, the Sheboygan demonstration was humbler, with about 10 people holding fast to their stance of peace and an end to global genocide.

On one street corner, speakers played out the song “ War is Not the Answer ” by Pat Scanlon. The song featured lyrics like “think of all the children, who suffer due to wars” and “when we fight the battles, no one ever wins.”

Ben Raunio was walking around Sheboygan when he saw the group and stopped to join for a few moments. While he was there, he took a lyric sheet of the song and sang an a cappella rendition of “ Empty Chairs at Empty Tables ” from Les Misérables .

As Raunio sang the tragic song, one car’s passenger rolled down her window to better hear the melody.

On the other corner were more veterans, including Contrestan and Wayh. Despite their clear stance on anti-genocide, they still had multiple people yell out of their cars with anti-Hamas and pro-Israel sentiments.

This isn’t to say all feedback was negative. While about four people shouted against the group, more than 40 cars in the approximately two hours they were demonstrating gave positive reactions.

Veterans for Peace Sheboygan plans to continue demonstrating every Saturday for as long as the government continues to use taxpayer money to fund genocide, Contrestan said.

“We ask our fellow citizens to speak out against such barbarity — to contact the White House, members of Congress, and the press, to voice your disapproval of this Holocaust in our times,” a handout of the group’s message said.

Reach Veterans for Peace Sheboygan Chapter 114 at 920-652-6512. Learn more about the national organization at veteransforpeace.org.

Have a story tip or public interest concern? Contact Sam Bailey at [email protected] or 573-256-9937. To stay up to date on her stories and other news, follow her on X (Twitter) @SamarahBailey. Contact Alex Garner at 224-374-2332 or [email protected] . Follow her on X (formerly Twitter) at @alexx_garner .

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The Pregnant Workers Fairness Act: What U.S. Employers Need to Know

Cynthia Thomas Calvert

A new federal law requires organizations with 15 or more employees to accommodate all health needs at work arising from pregnancy, childbirth, and related conditions.

This year in the U.S., the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) issued final regulations to implement the Pregnant Workers Fairness Act (PWFA), a new federal law that requires the federal government as well as private, state, and local employers with 15 or more employees to accommodate all health needs at work arising from pregnancy, childbirth, and related conditions. The authors, who have counseled and trained hundreds of employees, businesses, and attorneys on the new law, outline what leaders need to know to support their pregnant workers while avoiding unnecessary EEOC charges and litigation.

The ground rules of pregnancy accommodation have recently shifted significantly. In April, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) issued final regulations to implement the Pregnant Workers Fairness Act (PWFA), a new federal law that requires employers to make reasonable accommodations for pregnancy, childbirth, and related medical conditions.

LM Liz Morris is the incoming co-director of the Center for WorkLife Law at the University of California, College of the Law, SF.
CC Cynthia Thomas Calvert is senior advisor at WorkLife Law and the principal of Work+Family Insight, an HR consulting firm.

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