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How To Write A Vivid Euthanasia Argumentative Essay?

Table of Contents

Euthanasia (good death from Greek) is the practice of intentional life ending aiming to relieve patients’ pain and suffering. The topic of its use is fiercely debated all over the world.

People have divided into two camps: some say Euthanasia is the matter of choice, even when it comes to choosing death. Another group claims that doctors mustn’t be empowered to offer death to people who may not even realize the decision they make.

Every country where Euthanasia is legal has its own specific legislative base of its use. Nevertheless, there is one aspect of this topic that unites all the people together: the issue is considered from the moral and ethical perspective.

Euthanasia argumentative essay: the basics

The topics for an argumentative essay writing are usually two-sided: voting for or against the topic, agree or disagree with the statement, choose one option or another.

Writing any argumentative assay requires highlighting both possible points of view, no matter what is your own. Remember, you should explain both sides equally correct and impartial.

So let’s take a closer look into the details…

How to write a Euthanasia thesis statement?

Before writing an essay on Euthanasia you have to think about your own attitude towards the topic. It will help you write a good thesis statement.

…Why you need it?

The thesis is the representation of the essay’s main idea. You’ll have to clarify both sides of the topic, sure. Still, you also need to express your own point of view. And that is made with the thesis statement in the first place.

You may clearly state your opinion in the thesis, like:

“Injecting a medication to a hopeless patient is a murder.”

“Taking life from a person who wants to end up sufferings is mercy.”

Also, you can try to intrigue your readers and present your thesis as a question with no answer provided right away. Like:

“Helping people die: is it murder or mercy?”

“Would you personally use your right for euthanasia if there was no chance to get better?”

Variations are welcomed.

Euthanasia essay introduction: general recommendations

Most professional essay writing services agree that writing an introduction is always the hardest thing. You get the fear of the blank paper, writer’s block, and the stress from remembering all the requirements you should ideally follow.

… Sounds familiar?

There are no reasons to be that stressed, actually. The web is full of info, interesting statistics, law variations, and personal stories.

A combination of those would be both, catchy and informative, that’s all you need for a perfect intro.

Start with some background information to help your reader understand the subject better.

What kind of info would be relevant?

• A brief definition of Euthanasia.
• When it might be allowed.
• Laws of the countries where it is permitted.
• Personal stories of friends/relatives.
• Stories of doctors and nurses.

All of that can be easily found online. Your goal here would rewrite it in your style, make it appealing to read and combined logically. End your introduction with the thesis statement. You already know how it’s done.

Specifics of Euthanasia essay main body

The main body for an argumentative essay should consist of two parts, one for each point of view. Once you express your point of view in the introduction, then it would be logical to start the main body from it.

Still, it is far from being obligatory. You may start with whatever you find more comfortable.

Like, f.e., you decide to start by talking about the positive aspects of Euthanasia. List the statements using words “firstly,” “secondly,” “moreover,” etc. Begin with the weakest argument and move up to the most solid one you have.

Provide the reader with some positive examples, including personal stories, if they fit in, try to find shreds of evidence of euthanasia practice in your country.

Here are some ideas for statements in favor of Euthanasia:

• A patient’s life can be worse than death.
• It is better to die from Euthanasia than from suicide.
• Euthanasia can help in saving budget funds. Saved money may help somebody else.
• Some people don’t want to see how their relatives suffer hopelessly.
• Death from Euthanasia can be more humane than natural.

Once you finish with the arguments for the first part, go on representing the opposite point of view. A good idea to begin the second paragraph with phrases like “on the other hand,” “the other side of the coin is,” “however,” etc.

List a couple of statements against Euthanasia. You may also search for some scandals including the illegal activity of doctors who made such decision without consulting the patient’s relatives.

Here are several ideas that might be helpful.

• Life is the primary integral right and can’t be taken away.
• If there are many organizations and measures to prevent suicides, why should we offer death to someone?
• Each aspect of Euthanasia can’t be foreseen in the law.
• It’s impossible to define who may/may not be offered the Euthanasia.
• What if the person who chose Euthanasia could recover and live the life to its fullest?

What to write in Euthanasia essay conclusion?

In conclusion, you sum up all the ideas highlighted in your essay, without adding new ones. Start with phrases like “to sum up,” “to conclude,” “in conclusion,” “on balance,” “in a nutshell,” etc.

Here you should also express your point of view and paraphrase the thesis you used in the introduction. For uttering your point, use inputs like “my point of view is,” “I strongly believe,” “I am convinced,” “to tell you the truth,” and so on.

How to create a Euthanasia essay outline?

An outline is a brief sketch of your essay. If you need to write it, select the main ideas of your work and write them down in a couple of sentences.

The sketch outline for an essay on Euthanasia may be like:

“Th work is about the problem of Euthanasia. I highlight some statements for and against the use of Euthanasia and support them with top examples. In conclusion, I explain my personal position on this question.”

The full version of an outline would look something like this…

Introduction

• Hook sentence
• Thesis statement
• Transition to Main Body
• History of Euthanasia
• Euthanasia statistics in countries where it is legal
• Impact of legal Euthanasia on people’s life
• Negative consequences of illegal Euthanasia
• Transition to Conclusion
• Unexpected twist or a final argument
• Food for thought

The use of Euthanasia argumentative essay example

This topic is pretty vast. It can be both good and bad for you. Due to the variety of topics within the issue of Euthanasia, it might be easy to find something you are genuinely interested in.

On the other hand, there are dozens of various materials, thousands of articles, and billions of opinions you should consider before writing. Sometimes it might be difficult for you to get a full picture.

Therefore, a sample of the essay on this topic is presented here. It follows all the standards of an argumentative essay and shows you how this type of work may be completed.

On balance…

I’d say that it’s great to work with such an ambiguous topic. You’ll definitely benefit from training your persuasive and analytical skills while working on this essay.

Hope you’ve found some inspiration here, good luck!

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Structuring of an argumentative essay on euthanasia

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Tips on How to Write a Euthanasia Argumentative Essay

Abortion, birth control, death sentencing, legalization of medical marijuana, and gender reassignment surgery remain the most controversial medical issues in contemporary society.  Euthanasia is also among the controversial topics in the medical field. It draws arguments from philosophy, ethics, and religious points of view.

By definition derives from a Greek term that means good death, and it is the practice where an experienced medical practitioner or a physician intentionally ends an individual's life to end pain and suffering. The names mercy killing or physician-assisted suicide also knows it.

Different countries have different laws as regards euthanasia. In the UK, physician-assisted suicide is illegal and can earn a medical practitioner 14 years imprisonment. All over the world, there is a fierce debate as regards mercy killing.

Like any other controversial topic, there are arguments for and against euthanasia. Thus, there are two sides to the debate. The proponents or those for euthanasia believe it is a personal choice issue, even when death is involved.

On the other hand, those against euthanasia or the opponents believe that physicians must only assist patients when the patients are sound to make such a decision. That is where the debate centers.

This article explores some of the important basics to follow when writing an exposition, argumentative, persuasive, or informative essay on euthanasia.

Steps in Writing a Paper on Euthanasia

When assigned homework on writing a research paper or essay on euthanasia, follow these steps to make it perfect.

1. Read the Prompt

The essay or research paper prompt always have instructions to follow when writing any academic work. Students, therefore, should read it to pick up the mind of the professor or teaching assistant on the assigned academic task. When reading the prompt, be keen to understand what approach the professor prefers. Besides, it should also tell you the type of essay you are required to write and the scope.

2. Choose a Captivating Topic

After reading the prompt, you are required to frame your euthanasia essay title. Make sure that the title you choose is captivating enough as it invites the audience to read your essay. The title of your essay must not divert from the topic, but make it catchy enough to lure and keep readers. An original and well-structured essay title on euthanasia should give an idea of what to expect in the body paragraphs. It simply gives them a reason to read your essay.

3. Decide on the Best Thesis Statement for your Euthanasia Essay

Creating a thesis statement for a euthanasia essay does not deviate from the conventions of essay writing. The same is consistent when writing a thesis statement for a euthanasia research paper. The thesis statement can be a sentence or two at the end of the introduction that sums up your stance on the topic of euthanasia. It should be brief, well crafted, straight to the point, and outstanding. Right from the start, it should flow with the rest of the essay and each preceding paragraph should support the thesis statement.

4. Write an Outline

An outline gives you a roadmap of what to write in each part of the essay, including the essay hook, introduction, thesis statement, body paragraphs, and the conclusion. We have provided a sample euthanasia essay outline in this article, be sure to look at it.

5. Write the First Draft

With all ingredients in place, it is now time to write your euthanasia essay by piecing up all the different parts. Begin with an essay hook, then the background information on the topic, then the thesis statement in the introduction. The body paragraphs should each contain an idea that is well supported with facts from books, journals, articles, and other scholarly sources. Be sure to follow the MLA, APA, Harvard, or Chicago formatting conventions when writing the paper as advised in the essay prompt.

6. Proofread and Edit the Essay

You have succeeded in skinning the elephant, and it is now time to cut the pieces and consume. Failure to proofread and edit an essay can be dangerous for your grade. There is always an illusion that you wrote it well after all. However, if you take some time off and come to it later, you will notice some mistakes. If you want somebody to proofread your euthanasia essay, you can use our essay editing service . All the same, proofreading an essay is necessary before turning the essay in.

Creating a Euthanasia Essay or Research Paper Outline

Like any other academic paper, having a blueprint of the entire essay on euthanasia makes it easy to write. Writing an outline is preceded by choosing a great topic. In your outline or structure of argumentative essay on euthanasia, you should highlight the main ideas such as the thesis statement, essay hook, introduction, topic sentences for the body paragraphs and supporting facts, and the concluding remarks. Here is a sample outline for a euthanasia argumentative essay.

This is a skeleton for your euthanasia essay:

Introduction

• Hook sentence/ attention grabber
• Thesis statement
• Background statement (history of euthanasia and definition)
• Transition to Main Body
• The legal landscape of euthanasia globally
• How euthanasia affects physician-patient relationships
• Biblical stance on euthanasia
• Consequences of illegal euthanasia
• Ethical and moral issues of euthanasia
• Philosophical stance on euthanasia
• Transition to Conclusion
• Restated thesis statement
• Unexpected twist or a final argument
• Food for thought

Sample Euthanasia Essay Outline

Title: Euthanasia is not justified

Essay hook - It is there on TV, but did you know that a situation could prompt a doctor to bring to an end suffering and pain to a terminally ill patient? There is more than meets the eye on euthanasia.

Thesis statement : despite the arguments for and against euthanasia, it is legally and morally wrong to kill any person, as it is disregard of the right to life of an individual and the value of human life.

Paragraph 1: Euthanasia should be condemned as it ends the sacred lives of human beings.

• Only God gives life and has the authority to take it and not humans.
• The bible says, Thou shalt not kill.
• The Quran states, "Whoever killed a Mujahid (a person who is granted the pledge of protection by the Muslims) shall not smell the fragrance of Paradise though its fragrance can be smelt at a distance of forty years (of traveling).

Paragraph 2: Euthanasia gives physicians the power to determine who lives and who dies.

• Doctors end up playing the role of God.
• It could be worse when doctors make mistakes or advance their self-interests to make money. They can liaise with family members to kill for the execution of a will.

Paragraph 3: it destroys the patient-physician relationship

• Patients trust the doctors for healing
• When performed on other patients, the remaining patients lose trust in the same doctor of the facility.
• Under the Hippocratic Oath, doctors are supposed to alleviate pain, end suffering, and protect life, not eliminate it.

Paragraph 4: euthanasia is a form of murder

• Life is lost in the end.
• There are chances that when tried with other therapeutic and non-therapeutic approaches, terminally ill patients can always get better.
• It is selfish to kill a patient based on a medical report, which in itself could be erratic.
• Patients respond well to advanced care approaches.

Paragraph 5: ( Counterargument) euthanasia proponents argue based on relieving suffering and pain as well as reducing the escalating cost of healthcare.

• Euthanasia helps families avoid spending much on treating a patient who might not get well.
• It is the wish of the patients who have made peace with the fact that they might not recover.

  Conclusion

In sum, advancement in technology in the medical field and the existence of palliative care are evidence enough that there is no need for mercy killing. Even though there are claims that it ends pain and suffering, it involves killing a patient who maybe could respond to novel approaches to treatment.

Abohaimed, S., Matar, B., Al-Shimali, H., Al-Thalji, K., Al-Othman, O., Zurba, Y., & Shah, N. (2019). Attitudes of Physicians towards Different Types of Euthanasia in Kuwait.  Medical Principles and Practice ,  28 (3), 199-207.

Attell, B. K. (2017). Changing attitudes toward euthanasia and suicide for terminally ill persons, 1977 to 2016: an age-period-cohort analysis.  OMEGA-Journal of Death and Dying , 0030222817729612.

Barone, S., & Unguru, Y. (2017). Should Euthanasia Be Considered Iatrogenic? AMA journal of ethics, 19(8), 802-814.

Emanuel, E. (2017). Euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide: focus on the data.  The Medical Journal of Australia ,  206 (8), 1-2e1.

Inbadas, H., Zaman, S., Whitelaw, S., & Clark, D. (2017). Declarations on euthanasia and assisted dying.  Death Studies, 41 (9), 574-584.

Jacobs, R. K., & Hendricks, M. (2018). Medical students' perspectives on euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide and their views on legalising these practices in South Africa.  South African Medical Journal ,  108 (6), 484-489.

Math, S. B., & Chaturvedi, S. K. (2012). Euthanasia: the right to life vs right to die.  The Indian journal of medical research, 136 (6), 899.

Reichlin, M. (2001). Euthanasia in the Netherlands.  KOS , (193), 22-29.

Saul, H. (2014, November 5). The Vatican Condemns Brittany Maynard's Decision to end her Life as �Absurd'.

Sulmasy, D. P., Travaline, J. M., & Louise, M. A. (2016). Non-faith-based arguments against physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia.  The Linacre Quarterly, 83 (3), 246-257.

Euthanasia Essay Introduction Ideas

An introduction is a gate into the compound of your well-reasoned thoughts, ideas, and opinions in an essay. As such, the introduction should be well structured in a manner that catches the attention of the readers from the onset.

While it seems the hardest thing to do, writing an introduction should never give you the fear of stress, blank page, or induce a writer's block. Instead, it should flow right from the essay hook to the thesis statement.

Given that you can access statistics, legal variations, and individual stories based on personal experiences with euthanasia online, writing a euthanasia essay introduction should be a walk in the park.

Ensure that the introduction to the essay is catchy, appealing, and informative. Here are some ideas to use:

• Rights of humans to life
• How euthanasia is carried out
• When euthanasia is legally allowed
• Stories from those with experience in euthanasia
• The stance of doctors on euthanasia
• Definition of euthanasia
• Countries that allow euthanasia
• Statistics of physicians assisted suicide in a given state, locality, or continent.
• Perception of the public given the diversity of culture

There are tons of ideas on how to start an essay on euthanasia.  You need to research, immerse yourself in the topic, and scoop the best evidence. Presenting facts in an argumentative essay on euthanasia will help convince the readers to argue for or against euthanasia. Based on your stance, make statements in favor of euthanasia or statements against euthanasia known from the onset through the strong thesis statement.

Essay Topics and Ideas on Euthanasia

• Should Euthanasia be legal?
• What are the different types of euthanasia?
• Is euthanasia morally justified?
• Cross-cultural comparison of attitudes and beliefs on euthanasia
• The history of euthanasia
• Euthanasia from a Patient's Point of View
• Should euthanasia be considered Iatrogenic?
• Does euthanasia epitomize failed medical approaches?
• How does euthanasia work?
• Should Physician-Assisted Suicide be legal?
• Sociology of Death and Dying
• Arguments for and against euthanasia and assisted suicide
• Euthanasia is a moral dilemma
• The euthanasia debate
• It Is Much Better to Die with Dignity Than to Live with Pain Essay
• Euthanasia Is a Moral, Ethical, and Proper
• Euthanasia Law of Euthanasia in California and New York
• Effect of Euthanasia on Special Population
• Euthanasia is inhuman
• Role of nurses in Euthanasia
• Are family and relative decisions considered during the euthanasia
• The biblical stance on euthanasia

Related Articles:

• Argumentative essay topics and Ideas
• Topics and ideas for informative essays

Get Help with Writing Euthanasia Argumentative Essay for School

We have covered the tips of writing an argumentative essay on euthanasia. Besides, we have also presented a sample euthanasia essay outline, which can help you write your essay. However, sometimes you might lack the motivation to write an essay on euthanasia, even when you have access to argumentative essay examples on euthanasia. 

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Euthanasia - Essay Samples And Topic Ideas For Free

Euthanasia, also known as assisted dying or mercy killing, remains a deeply contested ethical and legal issue. Essays could delve into the various forms of euthanasia, such as voluntary, non-voluntary, and involuntary euthanasia, discussing the moral and legal implications of each. The discourse might extend to the examination of the cultural, religious, and societal attitudes towards euthanasia, exploring how different societies and religious groups perceive the right to die. Discussions could also focus on the experiences of countries and regions that have legalized euthanasia, examining the impact on healthcare practices, legal frameworks, and societal attitudes. Moreover, the broader implications of euthanasia on medical ethics, patient autonomy, and the sanctity of life could be explored to provide a comprehensive understanding of the complexities surrounding euthanasia and the ongoing debates on its legalization and practice. A substantial compilation of free essay instances related to Euthanasia you can find at Papersowl. You can use our samples for inspiration to write your own essay, research paper, or just to explore a new topic for yourself.

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Why Euthanasia should be Legalised

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Assisted Suicide the Rights we have

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Economic Benefits of Euthanasia

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Euthanasia Debate

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Physician-assisted Suicide: Right to Die

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Religious Perspectives on Euthanasia

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Active and Passive Euthanasia

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Physician Assisted Suicide: Medical Practice

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The Controversy over Euthanasia

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Euthanasia and Death Penalty

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Physician Assisted Suicide: the Growing Issue of Dying with Dignity and Euthanasia

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Definition of Euthanasia

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Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide

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Physician-Assisted Euthanasia/Suicide

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Arguments for Legalizing Euthanasia

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Why Active Euthanasia and Physician Assisted Suicide should be Legalized

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Physician-assisted Suicide is not Federally Mandated

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Physician-assisted Suicide and Euthanasia

Physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia have become some of the most highly controversial topics discussed in medicine, making those who have medicine as an occupation question the morality behind the act. A common misconception people often times make is confusing the fact that physician-assisted suicide and voluntary active euthanasia as the same thing. The NCI dictionary of cancer terms states euthanasia is accessibility to ""[a]n easy or painless death or the intentional ending of the life of a person suffering from […]

Euthanasia and Physician Assisted Suicide

Sometimes people criticize euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide from what is called "pro-life" perspectives and other times from "pro-death" perspectives; each perspective has a different argument about their position and the side they are on in this debate. This paper will review some of these arguments that have been made to date, as well as some of the more recent developments in this issue (Dieterle 129). To begin with, many people argue that euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide are morally acceptable because […]

Hinduism and Buddhist Perspective of Suicide and Euthanasia

The principle of ahimsa, or no violence, is fervently held in Hinduism and is reflective in followers' everyday lives. This concept extends to oneself as well as others. For one, suicide is condemned in this religion because all life is considered sacred. Humans life is perceived as precious because only through one of the three human realms can liberation be achieved. Other living things, such as insects and animals, do not receive the same opportunity, so it is crucial followers […]

Euthanasia – One of the most Debated Topics Today

The topic of euthanasia is one of the most debated topics today. Elderly patients can be pressured into a decision they don't want to make. Citizens can also be unfairly euthanized as well. Euthanasia should stay illegal due to the obligation to elderly patients, non permitted euthanization, of an individual, and which can open hopefully widen perspective on this issue, as well as many others. Euthanasia is a complex topic that can't be described simply and without depth. Euthanasia can […]

Physician-assisted Suicide Debate

Let's say a patient is in incredible pain or has an incurable illness and the patient can only be kept alive by machines or by enduring their pain. Should any patient who is in these circumstances be allowed to choose death over this life? Many people go against assisted suicide because of religion and or whatever they believe in. Another reason why people may disagree is that the patients who are not in the right mind and or are too […]

Ethics and Challenges of Euthanasia

As there are other patients who have a higher chance of living, euthanizing the patient was the more practical option. Euthanasia advocates argue that futile care may harm others. For instance, a young child with an acute respiratory disease, who has a potentially higher chance of getting cured, could not get a bed and ventilator in the ICU because others were using it even though they are not getting any personal benefit from the treatment (Niederman & Berger, 2010). This […]

Euthanasia: Merciful Death or Playing God

A death by suicide. Just hearing the word suicide can send chills down one's spine. How could someone get to the point of self-termination? Why would anybody ever consider such a terrible way to die? The thing is, suicide does not have to be a terrible or scary way to die if one is faced with insurmountable troubles accompanying an untreatable disease. With assistance from licensed professionals, it can give those suffering a painless option if they so choose to […]

What is Euthanasia?

Euthanasia is a easy death, some may say euthanasia is a undeviating act for taking a life through prescription drugs. A patient that has a short expand of life can address such an issue with their healthcare provider. Counseling can be provided before the final decision is made by doctor and the patient. At anytime the patient reserves the right to with draw from the process. The patient however must have good reason for the process before a doctor will […]

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How To Write An Essay On Euthanasia

Introduction to the concept of euthanasia.

When embarking on an essay about euthanasia, it’s crucial to begin with a clear definition of what euthanasia entails. Euthanasia, often referred to as "mercy killing," is the act of intentionally ending a person's life to relieve them of suffering, typically from a terminal illness or an incurable condition. In your introduction, outline the various types of euthanasia, such as voluntary, non-voluntary, and involuntary, and the ethical, legal, and moral questions they raise. This introductory segment sets the stage for an in-depth exploration of the arguments for and against euthanasia and its implications in the realms of medicine, ethics, and law.

Exploring the Arguments For and Against Euthanasia

The body of your essay should delve into the complex arguments surrounding euthanasia. On one hand, proponents argue that euthanasia is a compassionate response to unbearable suffering, respecting an individual's right to choose death over prolonged pain. They may also cite the importance of dignity in death and the reduction of medical costs for terminally ill patients. On the other hand, opponents raise concerns about the sanctity of life, the potential for abuse, and the slippery slope towards non-voluntary or involuntary euthanasia. They may also discuss the moral obligations of medical professionals to preserve life. This section should present a balanced view of the debate, providing a comprehensive understanding of the various perspectives on euthanasia.

Ethical and Legal Considerations

A crucial aspect of your essay should be an examination of the ethical and legal considerations surrounding euthanasia. Discuss the ethical principles involved, such as autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice. Explore how different countries and cultures view and legislate euthanasia, noting the variations in legal frameworks and the criteria required for it to be carried out. This analysis should provide insight into the complexities of legalizing and regulating euthanasia, and the ethical dilemmas faced by healthcare providers, patients, and their families.

Concluding with Personal Reflections and Broader Implications

Conclude your essay by summarizing the key points and offering personal reflections on the topic. Reflect on the implications of euthanasia for society and the field of healthcare. Consider how advances in medical technology and changes in societal attitudes might influence the future of euthanasia. Your conclusion should not only provide closure to your essay but also encourage further thought and dialogue on this sensitive and contentious issue, highlighting the ongoing importance of ethical deliberation in decisions about life and death.

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Sample 5-Paragraph Argumentative Essay on Euthanasia

• June 12, 2023 October 19, 2023
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5-Paragraph Argumentative Essay on Euthanasia

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Below is a sample outline and a well-developed 5-paragraph argumentative essay in APA 7 th ed. titled “Euthanasia Should be Legalized.” This sample is intended to help college students write better essays.

Sample 5-Paragraph Argumentative Essay Outline on Legalizing Euthanasia

• Hook – Start with a compelling statistic or a thought-provoking question related to euthanasia to capture the reader’s attention.
• Background Information – Provide a brief overview of what euthanasia is and its current legal status in various countries.
• Thesis Statement – Clearly state your position: “This essay argues in favor of legalizing euthanasia as a compassionate and autonomous choice for individuals facing unbearable suffering. The discussion will cover three main points: (1) individual autonomy, (2) relief from pain and suffering, and (3) safeguards to prevent abuse.”
• Argument: Autonomy and Personal Choice – Discuss how individuals have the right to make decisions about their own lives, including when and how they die.
• Supporting Evidence – Provide examples and cases where individuals have expressed their wish to end their lives to avoid further suffering.
• Rebuttal – Address potential counterarguments, such as concerns about individuals being influenced or coerced.
• Argument: Compassion and Alleviation of Suffering – Explain how euthanasia can be a compassionate response to relieve unbearable physical and emotional pain.
• Supporting Evidence – Present studies and real-life examples that illustrate the suffering experienced by patients with terminal illnesses.
• Rebuttal – Address concerns about the role of palliative care and whether it can adequately address suffering.
• Argument 1. Legalization with Regulations – Discuss how legalizing euthanasia with strict regulations and safeguards can prevent abuse and ensure patient consent.
• Supporting Evidence – Provide examples of countries or states where euthanasia is legal and regulated, along with their success in safeguarding the process.
• Rebuttal – Address concerns about the potential for mistakes, misjudgments, or the possibility of involuntary euthanasia.
• Restate Thesis Statement – Summarize your argument in favor of legalizing euthanasia.
• Summarize Main Points – Recap the three main points discussed in the body paragraphs: individual autonomy, relief from pain and suffering, and safeguards.
• Final Thoughts – Offer a closing statement that emphasizes the importance of providing individuals with the choice to end their suffering through a legalized and regulated euthanasia process. Encourage readers to consider the ethical and compassionate aspects of this issue.

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Essay Samples on Euthanasia

Abortion and euthanasia: ethical and moral dilemmas.

Introduction The ethical debates surrounding abortion and euthanasia are among the most contentious and complex issues in contemporary society. Both topics touch on deeply personal and profound matters related to life, death, autonomy, and the value of human existence. This essay delves into the ethical...

• Ethical Dilemma

Against Euthanasia: An Argumentative Examination of Ethical and Practical Concerns

The debate over euthanasia, the act of intentionally ending a person's life to relieve suffering, has sparked intense discussions worldwide. While proponents argue for the right to die with dignity and avoid prolonged suffering, opponents raise ethical and practical concerns that warrant careful consideration. In...

• Assisted Suicide

Why Is Euthanasia Good: My Arguments for Euthanasia

Imagine a 13-year-old girl in a hospital bed, tubes surrounding her body, a monitor beeping, counting every second of her life left, a doctor coming in every 30 minutes looking at the monitor and writing something down. Her cancer is growing every day and her...

• Right to Die

Why I Am Pro Euthanasia: the Rebuttal of the Arguments Against

In Merriam-Webster dictionary, euthanasia is defined as “the act or practice of killing or permitting the death of hopelessly sick or injured individuals (such as persons or domestic animals) in a relatively painless way for reasons of mercy.” I am personally for the process of...

Why Euthanasia Should Not Be Legal for People Under the Age of 25

Why euthanasia should not be legal? In this essay I will present the points why I believe that euthanasia should not be legalized for people under the age of 25. According to the Oxford Dictionary Euthanasia is described as, “the painless killing of a patient...

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The Pros of Euthanasia: Why Euthanasia Should be Legalized

Introduction Should people have to experience the pain while they're dying, or should they be able to prevent the pain? Euthanasia is a way for people to avoid experiencing extreme physical and mental pain. With euthanasia people will be able to have a tranquil death...

Should Euthanasia Be Legalized: Delving Deep Into the Debate

Introduction Is life worth fighting for? For some patients who are terminally ill, life could be something that’s killing them the most other than their illness. Fighting for their lives whilst depending on their fate with the help of medical appliances. Imagine holding the hands...

Euthanasia and the Catholic Church in Australia

An ethical issue is a problem or dilemma that involves a person having to decide whether or not it is morally right or wrong. Euthanasia is a clear example of an ethical issue currently present in Australia. Euthanasia is a process whereby a person who...

• Catholic Church

Analysis of the Arguments for Euthanasia and Against It

The euthanasia debate In contemporary society, the controversial debate of whether an individual should be allowed to control the timing of their deaths in a way that is peaceful and medically assisted is being debated. This practise is referred to as euthanasia, and is made...

The Dilemma Over the Issue of Euthanasia for Pets

Introduction At an open-admission shelter, a healthy dog is surrendered because its owners found that they could not deal with its behavior. The shelter is already a small bit above the capacity it has, so it sends some of its less adoptable animals into a...

Abortion and Euthanasia: Exploring the Ethical Dilemmas

I. Abstract: Most of people see that human life is priceless and with great importance. Based on that, many constraints and laws prevent people from ending their lives or making decisions about ending another person’s life. There are many perspectives and arguments regarding having the...

Why Should Physician Assisted Death Be Legal

Physician-assisted suicide is a area of much controversy and discussion. Whether you are for or against this procedure, you have heard of it in one form or another. In my paper I would like to bring to life many aspects of this growing practice. In...

Why Should Euthanasia Be Illegal

Do you wish to die in peace or live while suffering? Or perhaps you may hope that there is an alternative for you to live longer and not suffer as much. If that is the case, the legalisation of euthanasia may affect and influence the...

Why Should Euthanasia Be Legal

Do you think ill people with a disease should have the opportunity to die, in peace and without pain? Or laws regulating it, would be abused, making that people died, without wanting it to? Is it better to have a higher percentage of assisted suicide...

Nonmaleficence Vs Beneficence: Ethical Principles On Physician Assisted Death

As the “baby boomer” Americans start reaching retirement age, the older adult hospital population is rising, and it is important for people with chronic diseases to have advanced directives for end-of-life care. In fact, only about 26.3% of U.S. adults have an advanced directive for...

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• Palliative Care

The Morality of Physician Assisted Suicide in Belgium

The assignment reflects in fact that although there is no such thing like death penalty in Belgium but there is a rule allowing physician assisted suicide. So, current assignment focusses on the issue whether it is ethical to give a person such a assisted suicide...

• Utilitarianism

The Ethics of Animal Euthanasia and Possible Alternatives

Each year, around 1.5 million shelter animals are euthanized to make room for new strays, to whom the same process would undergo the following year (qtd. in ASPCA). Even more are “put down” due to age, health, and personal reasons. Regardless of the purpose behind...

Stance of Christians and Muslims on Euthanasia

Euthanasia has been a topic of intense discussion for the entirety of the existence of religion. This has led to many battles of morals vs religion which find itself being the breaking point of making the correct decision and the theologically correct one. The medical...

Distinction of Different Types of Euthanasia

Abstract Euthanasia is a debatable topic that creates moral questions, concerns, and brings about different point of views. It has been a significant issue in human rights discussion as it also affects ethical and legal issues concerning to patients and health care providers. This paper...

Discourse Around Legalization of Euthanisia in India

Introduction This Earth consists of living things such as animals, birds, insects, human beings, plants, etc. & nonliving things such as table, chair, pen, pencil, etc. In this world every living being is depended on each other through food chain and various other means in...

Moral Ethics of Physician Assissted Suicide

Introduction Physician assisted suicide is the most common form of euthanasia. In cases of euthanasia, the physician provides the method of death, usually through a lethal drug. In physician assisted suicide, it is required that a person of full mental capacity willingly expresses the wish...

Legalization of Physician Assisted Suicide in US

Significantly, physician assisted suicide is not allowed in all states. Physician assisted suicide is when a doctor provides a patient with the means and knowledge to end their own life. In the end, the patient is the one that is committing suicide. Only ten states...

Christian vs. Shinto Perspectives on Illness and Voluntary Euthanasia

Abstract This paper focuses on a comparative analysis of two religions namely Christianity and Shintoism while dealing with illnesses and voluntary euthanasia and the ethical considerations involved. Based and founded on different religious beliefs and perspectives, the two religions hold different understanding about life, end...

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Ethics of Bribery and Kickbacks

The case study is about Mr. Latimer and the actions he did in the name of ending the pain and torture that Tracy, his twelve-year daughter, was going through. Tracy suffered from Cerebral Palsy; it was due to this that Tracy was quadriplegic. She was...

Best topics on Euthanasia

1. Abortion and Euthanasia: Ethical and Moral Dilemmas

2. Against Euthanasia: An Argumentative Examination of Ethical and Practical Concerns

3. Why Is Euthanasia Good: My Arguments for Euthanasia

4. Why I Am Pro Euthanasia: the Rebuttal of the Arguments Against

5. Why Euthanasia Should Not Be Legal for People Under the Age of 25

6. The Pros of Euthanasia: Why Euthanasia Should be Legalized

7. Should Euthanasia Be Legalized: Delving Deep Into the Debate

8. Euthanasia and the Catholic Church in Australia

9. Analysis of the Arguments for Euthanasia and Against It

10. The Dilemma Over the Issue of Euthanasia for Pets

11. Abortion and Euthanasia: Exploring the Ethical Dilemmas

12. Why Should Physician Assisted Death Be Legal

13. Why Should Euthanasia Be Illegal

14. Why Should Euthanasia Be Legal

15. Nonmaleficence Vs Beneficence: Ethical Principles On Physician Assisted Death

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Euthanasia and assisted dying: the illusion of autonomy—an essay by Ole Hartling

Read our coverage of the assisted dying debate.

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• Ole Hartling , former chairman
• Danish Council of Ethics, Denmark
• hartling{at}dadlnet.dk

As a medical doctor I have, with some worry, followed the assisted dying debate that regularly hits headlines in many parts of the world. The main arguments for legalisation are respecting self-determination and alleviating suffering. Since those arguments appear self-evident, my book Euthanasia and the Ethics of a Doctor’s Decisions—An Argument Against Assisted Dying 1 aimed to contribute to the international debate on this matter.

I found it worthwhile to look into the arguments for legalisation more closely, with the hope of sowing a little doubt in the minds of those who exhibit absolute certainty in the matter. This essay focuses on one point: the concept of “autonomy.”

(While there are several definitions of voluntary, involuntary, and non-voluntary euthanasia as well as assisted dying, assisted suicide, and physician assisted suicide, for the purposes of brevity in this essay, I use “assisted dying” throughout.)

Currently, in richer countries, arguments for legalising assisted dying frequently refer to the right to self-determination—or autonomy and free will. Our ability to self-determine seems to be unlimited and our right to it inviolable. The public’s response to opinion poll questions on voluntary euthanasia show that people can scarcely imagine not being able to make up their own minds, nor can they imagine not having the choice. Moreover, a healthy person answering a poll may have difficulty imagining being in a predicament where they simply would not wish to be given the choice.

I question whether self-determination is genuinely possible when choosing your own death. In my book, I explain that the choice will always be made in the context of a non-autonomous assessment of your quality of life—that is, an assessment outside your control. 1

All essential decisions that we make are made in relation to other people. Our decisions are affected by other people, and …

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An Argument Against Euthanasia

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There are many approaches to the concept and practice of euthanasia. In one definition, euthanasia is described as a quick death in which pain is almost absent. 1 However, there is one common understanding of euthanasia in the modern society.

Euthanasia is the ending of a person’s life to help the particular individual avoid pain and suffering that would have otherwise been inevitable if he or she had continued living. 2 In many countries, euthanasia is illegal.

However, some countries allow euthanasia to be performed on individuals on their own consent or with the approval of a next of kin. This means that when a person’s life becomes so painful that it is not worth living anymore, euthanasia can be performed to alleviate the immense suffering.

Euthanasia has been a subject of arguments among religious authorities. It has also been a subject of controversy and study in the complex field of philosophy. 3 While several authorities in philosophy support euthanasia through their theories, most oppose it.

Some of the philosophies revolve around the extent to which life may not be worth living, while other theories revolve around the duty of the parties involved in a case of euthanasia. Deontology has been against euthanasia from many perspectives.

Many ethicists and authors who have used deontology against euthanasia have relied on the concept of duty. 4 However, it is important to note that deontology in philosophy revolves around one’s duties and the manner in which they are executed. 5

Generally, it is contrary to the duty of the subject of euthanasia and that of those who intend to perform the mercy killing to take one’s life based on their own assessment of the quality of one’s life.

Philosophical deontology revolves around principles of duty. One is obligated to perform duties even when odds are against success. There are various forms of philosophical deontology.

One of the most popular approaches to deontology is the Kantian philosophy of duty. Kant’s postulations regarding perfect duties can be used to build a solid argument against euthanasia. 6

Other authors such as Brian Kane have indirectly used deontology to present an argument favoring preservation of life. 7 In his analysis of euthanasia, Kane also explores many arguments that people present when advocating for euthanasia.

Thus, when deontology is applied to euthanasia, it revolves around the duty to preserve life. 8 However, in other settings, deontology may go against the duty to preserve life. This arises from contradictions such as those presented by Kant’s interpretation of the duty not to lie and the duty not to kill.

According to Kant, one must not lie to a potential murderer to alleviate an almost certain act of murder. 9 However, Kant’s deontology argues against actions such as suicide and euthanasia since these practices violate an individual’s duties to oneself.

Deontology provides one of the strongest arguments against euthanasia. This theory and its interpretation depend on one’s view of life. However, in the quest to establish an argument against euthanasia, it is necessary to have a positive attitude towards living.

From that point, it is possible to establish a solid argument against euthanasia using deontology. Brian Kane uses Hippocratic philosophy to argue against euthanasia. This philosophy alludes to one’s duty not to kill. When one performs the contrary action of killing, then this is considered murder.

There is an exception of those people who are killed for their transgressions against ethical principles of a society. Thus, killing for any other reason, including mercy, is murder. 10 According to this author, human beings always had the ability to take life.

On the contrary, the ability to extend life and heal diseases and other afflictions has been acquired by humanity through laborious research and enlightenment. Thus, it is our duty to preserve life rather than kill. 11

Kane observes that killing does not change its nature even when technology and modern medicine are used to camouflage the negligence of duty behind euthanasia. He later argues that even Christian doctrines and other religious beliefs consider life it all its different forms, a sanctified gift from God. 12

Furthermore, when one perform euthanasia on a patient that has been for while under the individual’s care, this becomes a contradiction of one’s moral principles. In that case, euthanasia is considered a betrayal of the person under care. 13

Brian Kane’s deduction based on deontology is a reasonable ground for one to reject euthanasia as an immoral action. The decision to perform a mercy killing on a suffering individual is abandonment of a person with whom the medic performing the euthanasia has shown immeasurable solidarity earlier by providing care and support.

Euthanasia also goes against the universal principles of practice of the medical profession.

On the other hand, Kantian deontology has its own special argument against euthanasia. All aspects of Kantian philosophy revolve around duty, goodwill and categorical imperative, the philosophy of pure reason. 14

One should observe duties at all time despite the odds. In one illustration, Kant argues that it is immoral to lie to a murderer in order to alleviate occurrence of the murder. He argues that lying to anyone denies one the freedom to make a rational deduction. 15

In the case of euthanasia, Kantian philosophy can be applied to imply that we must preserve life at all costs. 16 Throughout history, it has been the practice of people to preserve life at all odds. This has led to development of modern medicine, which is a universal practice.

For this reason, it is a universal duty for everybody to work towards extending life in its various forms regardless of the situation. Thus, it would be immoral for one to end another person’s life for any reason. Doing so would go against the duty to preserve life.

I agree with Kant’s philosophy of duty to oneself and duty to not to kill. Consider medics personnel who spend most of their time making decisions aimed at prolonging other people’s lives. These people have been charged with the duty to preserve life through application of technology and modern medicine.

This universally accepted practice is applied in all societies in the world. A medic should thus, not perform euthanasia under any circumstances. If it is the patient’s will that euthanasia be performed, the medic is morally obliged to decline to perform euthanasia.

In addition, the medic must go to the furthest extent in his or her quest to observe the duty to preserve life.

Kantian philosophy can also be applied from another perspective to the same effect. When it is a patient’s wish to die to avoid immense suffering, he or she must not be aided to take his or her life. Kantian deontology directly addresses the issue of duty to oneself.

According to Kant, every person has a duty to preserve one’s life. 17 This is a universal law accepted and applied in every society. This makes it a perfect duty not to take an innocent person’s life for any reason. The same kind of reasoning is applied to suicide.

It is immoral to take one’s life since such an action does not apply universally. In fact, suicide is not acceptable in many societies. Similarly, it is universally unacceptable to take any life since it goes against ones duty as it is universally defined.

If it were universally acceptable that people can take their own lives, then there would be a significant possibility that the human race would not exist. This is a deduction by Immanuel Kant in Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals.

Kant lays a strong foundation for deontology, particularly regarding professional conduct in all disciplines. Fields such as medicine, which require a substantial moral foundation for productive practice, are affected by Kant’s philosophical reasoning.

According to Kant, deontology opposes any action that goes against universally accepted norms. 18 Incidentally, euthanasia falls in this category of actions that are accepted in some instances but are not universally acceptable. Kant’s philosophy is a reasonable ground for the medical society to decline to practice euthanasia.

Deontology explicitly outlines the universal purpose of medicine, technology and medical personnel, which is to preserve life. For this reason, it is immoral for anyone to assist any individual to die for whatever reason.

Another author, Robert Young, considers euthanasia as a rational act by qualified personnel to end suffering of a patient. He says that it is prudent for a qualified medic to induce death or allow a patient to die to alleviate pain and suffering. 19

For such an action to be morally acceptable, the euthanasia should not have a beneficial effect to any other person other than the patient.

Thus, euthanasia is performed for the sake of the suffering individual. 20 While expressing his view, Young seeks to exclude instances where people kill themselves to alleviate suffering without any assistance. He maintains that the decision to perform euthanasia should be a result of an assessment by a qualified person.

Young also excludes cases of people who are such an invalid state that they are not in a position to decide whether to have euthanasia performed or not 21 .

For a case of euthanasia to be of moral value, the patient must request for the procedure, and the medic involved must be in a position to assess the condition of the patient and ascertain that the patient indeed suffering. Young further cites David Hume, who sought to append moral justification to suicide. 22

He says that personal autonomy is paramount and should be respected. For him, it is immoral to keep a suffering person alive against one’s will. Thus, euthanasia should be morally acceptable when it is done within certain defined moral guidelines that involve the authority of the subject to euthanasia.

David Hume dismissed religious authorities as unfair to those people who committed suicide by denying them the freedom to choose not to live when life becomes unbearable. Thus, under certain circumstances, euthanasia is acceptable according to Young.

Robert Young’s position seems to approve some forms of euthanasia. It is impossible for any medic, however competent, to accurately determine the validity and extent of suffering of any individual. Moreover, it is impossible to ascertain the motive of the patient’s will despite the perceived suffering.

For this reason, I disagree with his proposition that some experts are able to determine when life becomes unbearable.

Furthermore, it is the duty of the medic to prolong life regardless of the utterances and expressions of the patient. This is justified by the fact that no one can accurately assess the mental situation of another person.

There are several strengths and weaknesses in the theories pertaining euthanasia as presented by Kant, Kane and Young. Kane’s theory seeks to maintain a disciplined practice in the medical profession. In that case, a medic observes duty without allowing emotional consequences to alter the course of his or her actions.

This way, the medical practitioner is able to give service to the suffering people objectively. However, Kane has postulated that the sole duty and obligation of the medical profession is to prolong life when it s possible to do so. He has not adequately tried to exclude euthanasia as one of the duties the medics have to perform.

In addition, he has not presented facts that adequately support the theory that the duty of medical practitioners is to prolong life. One can still claim that it is the ultimate aim of medical profession to alleviate pain and suffering, consequently including euthanasia as one of the profession’s duties.

On the other hand, Kant defines actions of moral value as those that are universally acceptable. His theory succeeds in excluding actions such as euthanasia among those that are universally acceptable. This is important since it prevents humans from engaging in morally questionable practices.

He simply seeks to avoid approving actions that have moral doubt for universal practice. The only weakness in Kant’s deontology is the concept of universal acceptance. Even vices such as murder are not universally condemned since there are societies where they are accepted.

Primitive societies, even in developed nations, have occasionally accepted murder as an action with moral value. It cannot be preservation of life is not a universal practice acceptable to all societies. Some societies allow people to perform euthanasia based on age or ailment.

Thus, one can argue that preservation of life is not universally acceptable.

Robert young’s theory has little strength. It may be beneficial to those who are living by sparing them the ordeal of seeing a person to whom they are emotionally connected suffer. However, there is a major weakness in the definition of qualified personnel competent enough to perform euthanasia.

It is impossible to assess the effects of death since no one knows what follows once one is pronounced clinically dead. It is only assumed that one’s sensory functionalities cease to exist, alleviating pain. No single experiment has succeeded in establishing the experience after death. 23

Whether the experience is painful or not euthanasia relies on an assumption. Furthermore, as mentioned earlier, it is impossible for any person to determine the degree of suffering experienced by another with accuracy. 24

Similarly, it impossible to establish the motive of the subject to euthanasia in requesting for a mercy killing. Thus, while the medic performing the procedure might have goodwill, he or she might be an accessory to achieve other motives other than alleviation of pain.

For these reasons, young’s theory is weaker than Kant’s philosophy and Kane’s deontology.

Brian Kane’s approach to deontology is analogous to Kant’s philosophy. Both authors refer to universal practices. Kant’s validates all universally accepted practices as morally upright. On the other hand, Kane observes that it is the universal duty of medical practitioners to prolong life whenever it is possible.

These two theories come to a consensus that universal pratices have a moral value. Thus if the universal duty of medical practitioners is aimed at prolonging life, it is only morally right to work towards achievement of this objective rather than act otherwise.

Kane’s deontology and Kant’s philosophy do not support euthanasia. It is morally unacceptable to assist anyone to die according to the direct analysis of the issue by Brian Kane. Similarly, Application of Kantian deontology automatically makes euthanasia immoral.

Robert Young postulates that it is the duty of the medics to alleviate pain and suffering through euthanasia, a contradiction of Kant’s theory. However, young’s theory agrees with Kane and Kant’s perspective on suicide and euthanasia without the consent of the subject.

He does not append any moral value to euthanasia without the consent of the subject. Robert young’s theory may need to be refined to be accepted as a universal clinical practice.

This refinement involves creation of standard to assess the level of qualification of a medical practitioner to determine the degree of suffering of a potential subject of euthanasia.

Although such a standard is difficult to establish, it is a necessity for euthanasia of people with the consent of the subject to be universally accepted as a duty of medical practitioners.

Currently, euthanasia is largely an unacceptable practice in many societies. It is bound to remain unacceptable until sufficient grounds for its practice are established. However, such grounds are also not possible in the near future.

Darwall, Stephen L.. Deontology . Malden, MA: Blackwell Pub., 2003.

Kane, Brian. The Blessing of Life: An Introduction to Catholic Bioethics . Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2011.

Kant, Immanuel, Allen W. Wood, and J. B. Schneewind. Groundwork for the metaphysics of morals . New Haven: Yale University Press, 2002.

Lammers, Stephen E., and Allen Verhey. On moral medicine: theological perspectives in medical ethics . Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans, 1987.

Snyder, Carrie L.. Euthanasia . Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2006.

Young, Robert. Medically assisted death . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.

1 Snyder, Euthanasia, 33.

2 Ibid., 44.

3 Ibid., 65.

4 Darwall, Deontology, 81.

5 Ibid., 83.

6 Kant et al., Groundwork, 31.

7 Kane, Brian. The Blessing of Life,128.

8 Ibid., 132.

9 Kant et al., Groundwork, 34.

10 Kane, Brian. The Blessing of Life,135.

11 Ibid., 137.

12 Ibid., 138.

13 Ibid., 142.

14 Kant et al., Groundwork, 6.

15 Ibid., 7.

16 Ibid., 9.

18 Ibid., 13.

19 Young, Medically assisted death, 5.

20 Ibid., 6.

21 Ibid., 7.

22 Ibid., 9.

23 Lammers & Verhey, On moral medicine, 52.

24 Ibid., 55

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Euthanasia Essay: Example and Tips

• 1 Examples of titles and topics for euthanasia essay
• 2 How to write argumentative essay about euthanasia
• 3.1 Introduction of euthanasia argumentative essay example
• 3.2 Main body of euthanasia argumentative essay example
• 3.3 Conclusion of euthanasia argumentative essay example
• 4 How to write informative essay on euthanasia
• 5.1 Introduction
• 5.2 Main body. Active and passive euthanasia
• 5.3 Main body. Moral aspects
• 5.4 Main body. Euthanasia and cancer
• 5.5 Main body. Psychological character of proponents and opponents of euthanasia
• 5.6 Main body. Euthanasia or hospice?
• 5.7 Main body. Euthanasia in different parts of the world
• 5.8 Conclusion

Examples of titles and topics for euthanasia essay

• Pros and cons of euthanasia
• Moral dilemma of euthanasia. Who has a right to decide?
• What is euthanasia?
• Legal aspects of use of euthanasia around the world
• Euthanasia and religion

How to write argumentative essay about euthanasia

An argumentative essay is one of the types of research, which allows considering a particular problem from different points of view. Euthanasia is one of the standard topics proposed by a teacher for writing an argumentative essay.

In the preparatory part, it is necessary to determine the following: what information to include, whom to refer to, how to interpret the facts, which methodology to choose.

In the introduction, use two points:

• Introductory statement (familiarity with the topic, its history, purpose of the study) using known techniques (unusual statement, interesting quote, statistics, etc.)
• A tense statement, which is, in essence, the position that is to be substantiated (at the same time, indicate the difference of possible positions and to what extent the arguments are necessary).

The presentation of the thesis is the main part of the essay in which arguments are presented in favor of the chosen position. The most common way is the statement and further facts as justification. It is possible to write it vice versa: at the beginning a list of facts, and then a conclusion, a consequence (statement).

Giving objections. It is thought that the thesis statement will be more convincing if we anticipate the arguments of the opposite statement on euthanasia, giving it a critical analysis. Then offer a compromise solution, giving way to the opposite opinion.

Conclusion of the essay on euthanasia should show the reasonableness and validity of the chosen position. To achieve this goal, the final part of the essay should:

• Summarize the main points of the application with evidence and examples of the use of euthanasia;
• Re-formulate the thesis to emphasize its meaning;
• Discuss the perspective of the main thesis;
• Show practical significance;
• Put questions that will help you look at the topic from a new perspective.

Euthanasia argumentative essay example

Introduction of euthanasia argumentative essay example.

Euthanasia means any action aimed at ending the life of a person, in pursuit of his own will, and performed by an uninterested person. This definition of euthanasia is given in by Dutch law.

The problem of euthanasia has arisen not today, and not suddenly. It begins its summer count in ancient times. And already then it caused numerous disputes among doctors, lawyers, sociologists, psychologists, and so on. The attitude towards deliberate acceleration of the onset of death of the incurably ill, even with a view to ending his suffering, has never been unambiguous. The English philosopher Francis Bacon (1561-1626) introduced the term “euthanasia” (from Greek euthanasia, eu, well, thanatos – death) to denote easy, painless death, that is, good, calm and easy death, without torment and suffering.

Although the very idea of ​​euthanasia originated a long time ago, from the time of Hippocrates to the present day, the traditional medical ethics includes the prohibition: “I will not give anybody who is even asking for it a death-causing drug, nor will I advise it.” But recently doctors have more and more willingness to resort to this practice, at least when the patient asks for death. How should we treat this trend? How to liberate from obsolete prohibitions or as a kind of permissiveness, which at the same time is incorrect from a moral point of view and dangerous in practice?

Main body of euthanasia argumentative essay example

At the beginning of this century, lawyer Binding and psychiatrist Hooke proposed to call euthanasia the destruction of so-called “inferior” lives. Such a monstrous interpretation of the concept of “euthanasia” was later widely distributed in fascist Germany and in the countries seized by it. They killed newborns with “maladaptation,” mentally ill, patients with tuberculosis or malignant neoplasms, the disabled, the elderly, etc. A special industry of killing in the form of gas chambers, mufflers, crematoriums, etc. was created. The International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg has classified these acts as crimes against humanity.

People who acknowledge euthanasia of the human right often draw attention to the following:

• Everyone has the right to choose: “Human is an intellectual creature to decide for himself to live longer or to depart from life, freed himself from pain and suffering”; “To condemn torture is cruelty, there should be the right to choose”; “If a person in a clear mind decides to die, then this is his right”;
• It is better to accept death in the case of an incurable disease than to experience suffering and to be a burden for the family: “It is better to die than to lie chained to bed, suffer from pains and torture relatives for years “; “The expectation of death is much worse than death itself”; “It’s hard to watch when the closest person is tormented. It is difficult to understand for those who have not encountered this problem”;
• it is acceptable only under the condition of strict control over this procedure: “It is legally necessary to make it so that euthanasia does not become a legalized murder”; “Euthanasia can be recognized as a human right, but there is a danger of abuse and harm, in particular from the medical staff: fraud and illegal actions of doctors, death by the order of third parties, etc.”.

Those who oppose the legalization of euthanasia have the following arguments:

• euthanasia contradicts religious and ethical norms: “No one is free to deprive a person of life, if we allow euthanasia, then we will cease to be human beings”; “Life is given by God, and only God has the right to deprive person’s life”; “Euthanasia is not recognized by any religion”; “Everyone’s life is invaluable!”;
• Our country is not ready for this step, as it will most likely follow abuses: “this decision will lead to irreversible consequences, actions against human life”; “In our country, euthanasia can easily be turned into a deliberate killing for mercenary purposes, without the consent of the person himself”; “Bad people will take advantage of the right to kill single and defenseless people”;
• The patient, due to his state of health, can make an incorrect choice: “a sick person who decides to subjugate euthanasia can not always adequately assess the situation”; “A sick person is not an expressive of free will, he may ask to ease his care under the influence of the moment. What if the diagnosis is a medical error? This can be used by relatives, expressing their opinion, and not the desire of the patient “; “Every person wants to live till the last minute”; “Many people who signed this procedure at the last moment changed their minds.”

Conclusion of euthanasia argumentative essay example

The church completely condemns euthanasia. The condemnation applies to all attacks on human life – both abortion and euthanasia. In the Christian tradition, death is accepted as a division of the soul and body, and as a revelation of the spiritual world. Christianity cultivates a relation to death not as a final stage of being, but to a transition to a higher sense, a union with God. Christian bioethics rejects active euthanasia as a deliberate interruption of life, and considers voluntary euthanasia as suicide. But there are situations when the actions of the doctor are contrary to the oath they brought. We are talking about euthanasia.

I believe that debate around euthanasia will continue till the end of the world. As there always be proponents and opponents to it.

How to write informative essay on euthanasia

We have a tip for those, who has got the task to write an essay on euthanasia. As there are so many types of essays and, if the teacher has not clarified the particular type, choose informative essay. This decision will work best for those, who are not sure about their personal position concerning euthanasia.

In case of informative essay, you need to work deeply with literature, collect information from different sources and read arguments of defenders of different positions. If you stay objective through the course of writing, act like a narrator and explain different positions in your informative essay on euthanasia.

If during studying the information you find your personal position, explain it in the conclusion of the essay. In any case, you can become an author of a successful informative essay on euthanasia.

Euthanasia informative essay example

Introduction.

What is euthanasia? It is the cessation of life of a person suffering from an incurable disease and / or experiencing unbearable suffering. It can be accomplished by stopping maintenance therapy, or by the administration of drugs that results in a quick and painless death.

In 1968, in Spain, Ramon Sampedo, 25, jumped from the cliff to the sea and broke the spine. He was completely paralyzed and devoid of sensitivity below the neck. For 30 years, Ramon was chained to bed and surrounded by family care. He read a lot, could write with a pencil pressed in his mouth, spoke on the phone, and even worked on a computer, but he could not reconcile himself to such a life. He wished for death and for years sought the right to euthanasia, since he himself could not commit suicide.

Ramon’s story is screened in The Sea Inside (2004). Ramon’s fate sharply puts the sick question – does the person have the right to “order” death for himself.

Main body. Active and passive euthanasia

With passive euthanasia, the provision of medical care, life-supporting treatment, which accelerates the onset of natural death, is stopped – this practice is widespread in many countries. But most often, when talking about euthanasia, they mean an active euthanasia, under which there is used introduction of any medicinal substances to the dying person, which entails a quick and painless attack on death.

In the active euthanasia, the following forms are distinguished:

• “Murder of mercy” occurs when relatives or the doctor himself, seeing the tormenting suffering of a hopelessly ill person and being unable to eliminate them, inject him an overdose of the pain medication, resulting in a quick and painless death. The question of consenting the patient in this case is not put at all because he is not able to express his will.
• The second form of active euthanasia is a suicide, assisted by a physician. It occurs with the consent of the patient, the doctor only helps him to put an end to life.
• The third form – actually active euthanasia – occurs without the help of a doctor. The patient himself turns on a device that leads him to a quick and painless death.

Thus, the essence of the problem of euthanasia is the deliberate infliction by the physician of the death of the patient from compassion or at the request of the dying person himself or his relatives.

Main body. Moral aspects

Speaking of euthanasia, two questions arise: moral (“What can one say about the character of a person doing similar actions?”) and legal (“Should such actions be prohibited by law?”).

Some argue that, although euthanasia is immoral, it should not be prohibited by law. Two arguments, which usually lead to arguments against the application of criminal sanctions: firstly, too high costs for the implementation of these sanctions into life, and secondly, the prospect of disobedience is so wide that it already undermines general respect for the law, in this case are not applicable.

Others argue that although euthanasia is not in all cases incorrect, it should not be permitted by law. One of the options for this argument is that euthanasia is morally permissible only in rare cases, but even there it should be banned, since this practice can easily be abused, that the legalization of euthanasia will do more harm than good. Another option is that legalization places the elderly in the difficult position of choice: either to continue to live, or to die, a situation in which no one can be put.

In foreign and domestic literature, there are many options for a moral assessment of euthanasia. Most authors support methods of passive euthanasia and reject any possibility of active euthanasia. However, there are also opposite opinions. For example, the most famous manifestation of his expression is the great American philosopher J. Rachels, who made a sharp critique of the Decree of the American Medical Association dated December 4, 1973, which states: “… the deliberate cessation of the life of one human being to another – merciful murder – contradicts itself the purpose of the medical profession and the policy of the American Medical Association.”

J. Rachels believes that if a patient in the consciousness understands that his days are counted, can not endure terrible pain and asks the physician to accelerate his death, and the doctor fulfills his request simply by ceasing treatment (passive euthanasia), the suffering of the patient may be aggravated, although they may be less intense and prolonged than with continued treatment. In this situation, a lethal injection (active euthanasia), in the opinion of J. Rachels, is more humane, since it will immediately stop the suffering of the patient.

Most scholars do not agree with him, above all because it contradicts the principles of humanism and the purpose of medicine. The value of human life prompts fights for it even contrary to objective medical laws and in the most hopeless situations, since medical science and practice are rich in cases of healing the most hopeless patients.

It is precisely strong pains that are usually the cause of a patient’s request to accelerate the onset of death, and therefore it is forced and insincere. Here, the doctor must confront them with the help of a wide choice of pain reliever. Another case is when, for example, a person is in a state of coma for a long time and his consciousness has already been lost irrevocably, and progressive medical technologies make it possible to carry out life-sustaining treatment for a very long time. The question arises – is it necessary?

Many scholars fear that the formal introduction of the right for euthanasia may become a specific mental barrier to finding new, more effective means of diagnosing and treating severe illness, as well as promoting ill-treatment in the provision of medical care to such patients. Emergency aid to them requires not only great material expense, but also a huge strain of physical and mental forces of the nursing staff. It is precisely the lack of proper treatment and care that can stimulate the patient’s demands to expedite the death, which will allow the physician to completely stop any treatment and care for a serious ill. And this is another reason for the need for legal regulation of this issue.

More generally, the view was that euthanasia was permissible from an ethical point of view only in exceptional cases, but in such cases it should be legitimized. Recent legislative initiatives in countries where it is permitted only allow euthanasia in exceptional cases.

Main body. Euthanasia and cancer

It is painful and unbearable for every person to see how dying people are suffering. The modern man was unaware of the pain of stoicism, and humanity as a whole lost much of its ability to tolerate. At the same time, people today suffer from cancer more and more terrible than in the past.

Paradoxically, but it is related to the fact that over the past decades, undeniable progress has been made in the fight against cancer. Progress, which led to the fact that now the person does not perish, as it used to be, in the early stages of his illness, and even in those cases where treatment does not lead to healing or remission, reaches to that point in the development of the disease that was in the past fundamentally unattainable. In that terrible moment, when metastases affect the whole of his body, a person encounters excessive exhaustion and monstrous pains. Until now, before this stage of the disease, units survived, now it has become the livelihood of most cancer patients.

As a result, euthanasia is becoming an increasingly frequent solution to the “problem of pain” that the patients themselves, their relatives or doctors can not cope with. On the part of this it seems monstrous, but experts practicing euthanasia receive letters of gratitude from relatives of patients, and the patients themselves, infinitely tired and exhausted, advocate for euthanasia.

Increasingly, it is said that a person should be able to take advantage of the right to death” in the case of a fatal illness which will still lead to imminent death within two or three weeks.

Main body. Psychological character of proponents and opponents of euthanasia

Opponents of euthanasia: doctors, writers, lawyers, clergy, believers and atheists – do not get tired of repeating that modern civilization goes along the path of justification of suicide, which is “assistance in committing suicide” (this is precisely what the method of administering to the sick of a dose of hypnotic, resulting in painless death) is unacceptable.

Attention is drawn to the fact that opponents of euthanasia in the majority of them speak extremely rigidly, aggressively and with irritation, revealing their inner weakness.

When someone begins to talk about euthanasia and its inadmissibility, having spent the night in the bed of a dying person and not knowing in his own experience what this pain is, he looks not only unconvincing, but somehow immoral.

On the contrary, adherents of euthanasia, as a rule, are people who are soft, conscious of how monstrous horror of pain is, or just knowing what it is, from the experience of daily work. People in whom it is impossible to see the villains, aspiring as soon as possible to get rid of pain.

In this way of life, believers say euthanasia apologists, people need only for the reason that their life was already artificially extended by doctors, without intervention they would have died much earlier.

But how to be with euthanasia? A person feels that it is for some reason unacceptable, but can not understand why? An atheist or agnostic begins to speak in the language of the priest, which turns out to be extremely unconvincing, and therefore has to be sharp. That’s why the opponents of euthanasia seem aggressive. That is why they sometimes do more to legitimize “voluntary death” in the public consciousness than the most convinced apologists of euthanasia.

Main body. Euthanasia or hospice?

In different countries, these issues are dealt with differently depending on economic opportunities, religious, national traditions, respect for old age and readiness to help the infirm and hopelessly ill. For this purpose, special medical institutions are created – hospices, in which patients feel that they live a full-fledged spiritual life, but do not live their own age in terrible torment. Hospice is a truly effective alternative to euthanasia.

The first such institution was created in England, where at present there are more than 140 of them (in 1986 there were 53 of them). The hospice’s patient is surrounded by such attention and care. An amazingly friendly and trusting atmosphere reigns here that allows the patient to feel comfortable.

Unlike ordinary hospitals, in the hospice there are no restrictions for you, even for domestic animals, such as a cat or a dog, patients can see relatives, arrange celebrations. Hospice never takes their hope of recovery. There is always a chance that mistakes in the diagnosis or incredible self-healing of the body are possible. If even all hope collapsed, the last one remains – a worthy end to the life path. The medical staff is selected according to special criteria, since in most cases it is about doomed people. At 15-20 full-time employees, only 15-20 patients, at the same time 100-150 patients are served at home, 30 come in the day themselves. But not everyone who needs it, can afford staying in a hospice even in England. After all, all this requires a lot of material costs!

In medical ethics, there is a sacred taboo – life is invaluable, and it means to speak of the price of life is immoral. But life is worth the price, especially when expensive medicines are constantly needed for treatment, for which neither the patient nor the relatives have enough money, they need special equipment that supports the life of the one who is already doomed and is waiting for death every minute. What is better, it is wise to spend not so small means on squatting incurable patients, oligophrenic, vegetative creatures, or to spend the same money on the treatment of patients who have at least one but a chance to survive?

The struggle for a patient’s life is valid only if there is hope that his salvation is possible. From the moment that this hope is lost, the question of mercy in its highest manifestation arises with all its sharpness. And in this case, they will only have euthanasia.

I believe that there may be situations in which the use of passive euthanasia is fair and can indeed be regarded as a humane attitude to the dying patient, for, having an inherent constitutional right to life, he must, in accordance with international norms, be entitled in certain circumstances to have the right to decide on its termination. Not everyone can and wants to prolong a poor quality, not worthy of life at the stage of dying, while experiencing physical and moral suffering.

Dr. Peter Admiral wrote boldly: “The next generation will be deeply puzzled by the long time that our generations will need to come to unconditionally recognize euthanasia as a natural human right.”

Analyzing the situation, one should admit that they are right who believe that the current issue is not whether to allow or not to allow doctors to use euthanasia, but about when and under what conditions to admit it and how to organize control over the lawfulness of its implementation.

Main body. Euthanasia in different parts of the world

The overwhelming majority of doctors and lawyers believe that euthanasia is an oath and criminal injustice, and it is completely inadmissible, even if it is taken solely from “compassion”, on the insistent demand of a patient who in any case is due to die soon.

In Germany, the criminal law punishes for “murder at the request of the patient” by imprisonment for a term from 0 months to 5 years.

In England, a law has also passed on the unconditional prohibition of any euthanasia in medical practice.

In the Netherlands, Sweden, Finland, the Netherlands, and some states of America, after lengthy discussions, the government officially introduced a passive euthanasia permit, with certain reservations that exclude any abuses. The physician discontinues useless maintenance of life, however, the basis for the decision to terminate the treatment is the free and informed consent of the patient. Similar requests from close relatives of a patient in an unconscious state are legally void.

But there is an opinion that the prohibition of euthanasia violates the human right to death. This led to the fact that, for example, in California (USA), after years of discussions in referenda, the world’s first law “The Human Rights to Death” was adopted, which means that we can not cure sick people who can issue a document expressing the desire not to be reanimated. However, until now, no one was able to use this law, since one of the conditions for the implementation of euthanasia should be the conclusion of the psychiatrist about the patient’s fitness, and another mandatory condition is that the doctor should carry out euthanasia. That is impossible because the American Medical Association has decided to ban its members from participating in euthanasia by putting forward the slogan: “Doctors should not execute.”

Therefore doctors adhere to the stoic dogma that patients should be treated in spite of everything. The most important professional argument against the introduction of euthanasia is that if we allow it, then doctors will not have to strive to alleviate painful suffering to sick people, and “the more accessible the euthanasia, the more temptation is to get rid of the burden of these worries in general. Between permissible and directly criminal, there will always be a danger of abuse, and then patients will be afraid to get to the hospital, because they will not be sure of their safety. The doctor is not God. He has to decide how to treat and not when to kill.

And there are so many examples. Here are some of them.

• In Austria in 1989, four nurses from the military hospital “Laignz” charged for giving somnolent drugs in excessive doses to patients. In the case, there were 42 cases of killing; the court found proven 21 killings. On the question of the judges about the reason for such a relationship with the sick, one said that they did it out of compassion in order to facilitate the transition of old people to another world; others admitted that they were irritated by the cries of the sick and the pleas for help. Two of the killer nurses were sentenced to life imprisonment, and two were sentenced to 20 years in prison. In Austria, they were nicknamed “Witches from Lainze”
• Here is another example. A physician from a Californian city for eight years of sympathy, attempting to alleviate suffering, killed a dozen of his patients who he considered hopelessly ill. During a poll using the “lie detector” on the question “Do you consider yourself an angel of death?” He answered “Yes!” After several days in prison, he was released and deprived of a medical license.

On these examples it becomes clear that the implementation of euthanasia should not be a medical matter. The last point in this procedure should be made by the patient himself.

Euthanasia can only be used as an exception, with one aim being to ease the process of inevitable dying without leaving the patient in this difficult time. All of the foregoing as well as other measures should be aimed at preventing offenses.

Contrary to the arguments of the opponents of euthanasia in recent years, not only in the foreign, but also in the domestic press, it is fairly noted that the legislative resolution of euthanasia will not lead to an increase in the number of abuses. On the contrary, the current legal situation generates concealment of the true intention of ending life. I believe that in the presence of doctors and lawyers, taking into account numerous factors, eliminating contradictions in the law and bringing the legislative norms into line with human rights, such offenses will be minimized.

There is an unequivocal legal solution to the issue of euthanasia, indicating the inadmissibility of the use of active euthanasia, as well as a list of conditions permitting, in exceptional cases, passive euthanasia. The adoption of such a decision and the implementation of euthanasia should be in strict accordance with the procedure, which, taking into account the experience of other countries, should be developed by lawyers and doctors and approved by the relevant ministries. Despite the fact that at present active form of euthanasia in our country can be resolved, legalization of this problem should not be left out. It is necessary to start the solution from the legal support and elaboration of the order of strict control over each case of euthanasia.

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Essay on Euthanasia: 100, 200 and 300 Words Samples

• Updated on  
• Feb 22, 2024

Essay on Euthanasia: Euthanasia refers to the act of killing a person without any emotions or mercy. Euthanasia is an ethnically complex and controversial topic, with different perspectives and legal regulations on different topics. School students and individuals preparing for competitive exams are given assigned topics like essays on euthanasia. The objective of such topics is to check the candidate’s perspectives and what punishment should be morally and legally right according to them. 

If you are assigned an essay on euthanasia, it means your examiner or teacher wants to know your level of understanding of the topic. In this article, we will provide you with some samples of essays on euthanasia. Feel free to take ideas from the essays discussed below.

Master the art of essay writing with our blog on How to Write an Essay in English .

Table of Contents

• 1 Essay on Euthanasia in 150 Words
• 2.1 Euthanasia Vs Physician-Assisted Suicide
• 2.2 Euthanasia Classification
• 3 Is Euthanasia Bad?

Essay on Euthanasia in 150 Words

Euthanasia or mercy killing is the act of deliberately ending a person’s life.  This term was coined by Sir Francis Bacon. Different countries have their perspectives and laws against such harmful acts. The Government of India, 2016, drafted a bill on passive euthanasia and called it ‘The Medical Treatment of Terminally Ill Patient’s Bill (Protection of Patients and Medical Practitioners). 

Euthanasia is divided into different classifications: Voluntary, Involuntary and Non-Voluntary. Voluntary euthanasia is legal in countries like Belgium and the Netherlands, with the patient’s consent. On one side, some supporters argue for an individual’s right to autonomy and a dignified death. On the other hand, the opponents raise concerns about the sanctity of life, the potential for abuse, and the slippery slope towards devaluing human existence. The ethical debate extends to questions of consent, quality of life, and societal implications.

Also Read: Essay on National Science Day for Students in English

Essay on Euthanasia in 350 Words

The term ‘Euthanasia’ was first coined by Sir Francis Bacon, who referred to an easy and painless death, without necessarily implying intentional or assisted actions. In recent years, different countries have come up with different approaches, and legal regulations against euthanasia have been put forward. 

In 2016, the government of India drafted a bill, where euthanasia was categorised as a punishable offence. According to Sections 309 and 306 of the Indian Penal Code, any attempt to commit suicide and abetment of suicide is a punishable offence. However, if a person is brain dead, only then he or she can be taken off life support only with the help of family members.

Euthanasia Vs Physician-Assisted Suicide

Euthanasia is the act of intentionally causing the death of a person to relieve their suffering, typically due to a terminal illness or unbearable pain. 

Physician-assisted suicide involves a medical professional providing the means or information necessary for a person to end their own life, typically by prescribing a lethal dose of medication.

In euthanasia, a third party, often a healthcare professional, administers a lethal substance or performs an action directly causing the person’s death.

It is the final decision of the patient that brings out the decision of their death.

Euthanasia Classification

Voluntary Euthanasia

It refers to the situation when the person who is suffering explicitly requests or consents to euthanasia. A patient with a terminal illness may express his or her clear and informed desire to end their life to a medical professional.

Involuntary

It refers to the situation when euthanasia is performed without the explicit consent of the person, often due to the individual being unable to communicate their wishes.

Non-Voluntary

In this situation, euthanasia is performed without the explicit consent of the person, and the person’s wishes are unknown.

Active euthanasia refers to the deliberate action of causing a person’s death, such as administering a lethal dose of medication.

It means allowing a person to die by withholding or withdrawing treatment or life-sustaining measures.

Euthanasia and assisted suicide are a defeat for all. We are called never to abandon those who are suffering, never giving up but caring and loving to restore hope. — Pope Francis (@Pontifex) June 5, 2019

Also Read: Essay on Cleanliness

Is Euthanasia Bad?

Euthanasia is a subjective term and its perspectives vary from person to person. Different cultures, countries and religions have their own set of values and beliefs. Life is sacred and gifted to us by god or nature. Therefore, intentionally causing death goes against moral and religious beliefs. 

However, some people have raised concerns about the potential for a slippery slope, where the acceptance of euthanasia could lead to the devaluation of human life, involuntary euthanasia, or abuse of the practice. Some even argue that euthanasia conflicts with their traditional medical ethics of preserving life and prioritizing the well-being of the patient.

Today, countries like the Netherlands and Belgium have legalised euthanasia. In India, the USA and the UK, it is a punishable offence with varying sentences and fines. Euthanasia is a complex and controversial topic and creating a law against or for it requires a comprehensive study by experts and the opinions of all sections of society. 

Ans: Euthanasia refers to the act of killing a person without any emotions or mercy. Euthanasia is an ethnically complex and controversial topic, with different perspectives and legal regulations on different topics.

Ans: The term ‘Euthanasia’ was first coined by Sir Francis Bacon, who referred to an easy and painless death, without necessarily implying intentional or assisted actions. In recent years, different countries have come up with different approaches, and legal regulations against euthanasia have been put forward.  In 2016, the government of India drafted a bill, where euthanasia was categorised as a punishable offence. According to Sections 309 and 306 of the Indian Penal Code, any attempt to commit suicide and abetment of suicide is a punishable offence. However, if a person is brain dead, only then he or she can be taken off life support only with the help of family members.

Ans: Belgium and the Netherlands have legalised euthanasia. However, it is banned in India.

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Euthanasia: Right to life vs right to die

Suresh bada math.

Department of Psychiatry National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro Sciences (Deemed University) Bangalore 560 029, India

Santosh K. Chaturvedi

The word euthanasia, originated in Greece means a good death 1 . Euthanasia encompasses various dimensions, from active (introducing something to cause death) to passive (withholding treatment or supportive measures); voluntary (consent) to involuntary (consent from guardian) and physician assisted (where physician's prescribe the medicine and patient or the third party administers the medication to cause death) 2 , 3 . Request for premature ending of life has contributed to the debate about the role of such practices in contemporary health care. This debate cuts across complex and dynamic aspects such as, legal, ethical, human rights, health, religious, economic, spiritual, social and cultural aspects of the civilised society. Here we argue this complex issue from both the supporters and opponents’ perspectives, and also attempts to present the plight of the sufferers and their caregivers. The objective is to discuss the subject of euthanasia from the medical and human rights perspective given the background of the recent Supreme Court judgement 3 in this context.

In India abetment of suicide and attempt to suicide are both criminal offences. In 1994, constitutional validity of Indian Penal Code Section (IPC Sec) 309 was challenged in the Supreme Court 4 . The Supreme Court declared that IPC Sec 309 is unconstitutional, under Article 21 (Right to Life) of the constitution in a landmark judgement 4 . In 1996, an interesting case of abetment of commission of suicide (IPC Sec 306) came to Supreme Court 5 . The accused were convicted in the trial court and later the conviction was upheld by the High Court. They appealed to the Supreme Court and contended that ‘right to die’ be included in Article 21 of the Constitution and any person abetting the commission of suicide by anyone is merely assisting in the enforcement of the fundamental right under Article 21; hence their punishment is violation of Article 21. This made the Supreme Court to rethink and to reconsider the decision of right to die. Immediately the matter was referred to a Constitution Bench of the Indian Supreme Court. The Court held that the right to life under Article 21 of the Constitution does not include the right to die 5 .

Regarding suicide, the Supreme Court reconsidered its decision on suicide. Abetment of suicide (IPC Sec 306) and attempt to suicide (IPC Sec 309) are two distinct offences, hence Section 306 can survive independent of Section 309. It has also clearly stated that a person attempts suicide in a depression, and hence he needs help, rather than punishment. Therefore, the Supreme Court has recommended to Parliament to consider the feasibility of deleting Section 309 from the Indian Penal Code 3 .

Arguments against euthanasia

Eliminating the invalid : Euthanasia opposers argue that if we embrace ‘the right to death with dignity’, people with incurable and debilitating illnesses will be disposed from our civilised society. The practice of palliative care counters this view, as palliative care would provide relief from distressing symptoms and pain, and support to the patient as well as the care giver. Palliative care is an active, compassionate and creative care for the dying 6 .

Constitution of India : ‘Right to life’ is a natural right embodied in Article 21 but suicide is an unnatural termination or extinction of life and, therefore, incompatible and inconsistent with the concept of ‘right to life’. It is the duty of the State to protect life and the physician's duty to provide care and not to harm patients. If euthanasia is legalised, then there is a grave apprehension that the State may refuse to invest in health (working towards Right to life). Legalised euthanasia has led to a severe decline in the quality of care for terminally-ill patients in Holland 7 . Hence, in a welfare state there should not be any role of euthanasia in any form.

Symptom of mental illness : Attempts to suicide or completed suicide are commonly seen in patients suffering from depression 8 , schizophrenia 9 and substance users 10 . It is also documented in patients suffering from obsessive compulsive disorder 11 . Hence, it is essential to assess the mental status of the individual seeking for euthanasia. In classical teaching, attempt to suicide is a psychiatric emergency and it is considered as a desperate call for help or assistance. Several guidelines have been formulated for management of suicidal patients in psychiatry 12 . Hence, attempted suicide is considered as a sign of mental illness 13 .

Malafide intention : In the era of declining morality and justice, there is a possibility of misusing euthanasia by family members or relatives for inheriting the property of the patient. The Supreme Court has also raised this issue in the recent judgement 3 . ‘Mercy killing’ should not lead to ‘killing mercy’ in the hands of the noble medical professionals. Hence, to keep control over the medical professionals, the Indian Medical Council (Professional Conduct, Etiquette and Ethics) Regulations, 2002 discusses euthanasia briefly in Chapter 6, Section 6.7 and it is in accordance with the provisions of the Transplantation of Human Organ Act, 1994 14 . There is an urgent need to protect patients and also medical practitioners caring the terminally ill patients from unnecessary lawsuit. Law commission had submitted a report (no-196) to the government on this issue 15 .

Emphasis on care : Earlier majority of them died before they reached the hospital but now it is converse. Now sciences had advanced to the extent, life can be prolonged but not to that extent of bringing back the dead one. This phenomenon has raised a complex situation. Earlier diseases outcome was discussed in terms of ‘CURE’ but in the contemporary world of diseases such as cancer, Aids, diabetes, hypertension and mental illness are debated in terms best ‘CARE’, since cure is distant. The principle is to add life to years rather than years to life with a good quality palliative care. The intention is to provide care when cure is not possible by low cost methods. The expectation of society is, ‘cure’ from the health professionals, but the role of medical professionals is to provide ‘care’. Hence, euthanasia for no cure illness does not have a logical argument. Whenever, there is no cure, the society and medical professionals become frustrated and the fellow citizen take extreme measures such as suicide, euthanasia or substance use. In such situations, palliative and rehabilitative care comes to the rescue of the patient and the family. At times, doctors do suggest to the family members to have the patient discharged from the hospital wait for death to come, if the family or patient so desires. Various reasons are quoted for such decisions, such as poverty, non-availability of bed, futile intervention, resources can be utilised for other patients where cure is possible and unfortunately majority of our patient's family do accordingly. Many of the terminally ill patients prefer to die at home, with or without any proper terminal health care. The societal perception needs to be altered and also the medical professionals need to focus on care rather in addition to just cure. The motive for many euthanasia requests is unawareness of alternatives. Patients hear from their doctors that ‘nothing can be done anymore’. However, when patients hear that a lot can be done through palliative care, that the symptoms can be controlled, now and in the future, many do not want euthanasia anymore 16 .

Commercialisation of health care : Passive euthanasia occurs in majority of the hospitals across the county, where poor patients and their family members refuse or withdraw treatment because of the huge cost involved in keeping them alive. If euthanasia is legalised, then commercial health sector will serve death sentence to many disabled and elderly citizens of India for meagre amount of money. This has been highlighted in the Supreme Court Judgement 3 , 17 .

Research has revealed that many terminally ill patients requesting euthanasia, have major depression, and that the desire for death in terminal patients is correlated with the depression 18 . In Indian setting also, strong desire for death was reported by 3 of the 191 advanced cancer patients, and these had severe depression 19 . They need palliative and rehabilitative care. They want to be looked after by enthusiastic, compassionate and humanistic team of health professionals and the complete expenses need to be borne by the State so that ‘Right to life’ becomes a reality and succeeds before ‘Right to death with dignity’. Palliative care actually provides death with dignity and a death considered good by the patient and the care givers.

Counterargument of euthanasia supporters

Caregivers burden : ‘Right-to-die’ supporters argue that people who have an incurable, degenerative, disabling or debilitating condition should be allowed to die in dignity. This argument is further defended for those, who have chronic debilitating illness even though it is not terminal such as severe mental illness. Majority of such petitions are filed by the sufferers or family members or their caretakers. The caregiver's burden is huge and cuts across various domains such as financial, emotional, time, physical, mental and social. Hence, it is uncommon to hear requests from the family members of the person with psychiatric illness to give some poison either to patient or else to them. Coupled with the States inefficiency, apathy and no investment on health is mockery of the ‘Right to life’.

Refusing care : Right to refuse medical treatment is well recognised in law, including medical treatment that sustains or prolongs life. For example, a patient suffering from blood cancer can refuse treatment or deny feeds through nasogastric tube. Recognition of right to refuse treatment gives a way for passive euthanasia. Many do argue that allowing medical termination of pregnancy before 16 wk is also a form of active involuntary euthanasia. This issue of mercy killing of deformed babies has already been in discussion in Holland 20 .

Right to die : Many patients in a persistent vegetative state or else in chronic illness, do not want to be a burden on their family members. Euthanasia can be considered as a way to upheld the ‘Right to life’ by honouring ‘Right to die’ with dignity.

Encouraging the organ transplantation : Euthanasia in terminally ill patients provides an opportunity to advocate for organ donation. This in turn will help many patients with organ failure waiting for transplantation. Not only euthanasia gives ‘Right to die’ for the terminally ill, but also ‘Right to life’ for the organ needy patients.

Constitution of India reads ‘right to life’ is in positive direction of protecting life. Hence, there is an urgent need to fulfil this obligation of ‘Right to life’ by providing ‘food, safe drinking water and health care’. On the contrary, the state does not own the responsibility of promoting, protecting and fulfilling the socio-economic rights such as right to food, right to water, right to education and right to health care, which are basic essential ingredients of right to life. Till date, most of the States has not done anything to support the terminally ill people by providing for hospice care.

If the State takes the responsibility of providing reasonable degree of health care, then majority of the euthanasia supporters will definitely reconsider their argument. We do endorse the Supreme Court Judgement that our contemporary society and public health system is not matured enough to handle this sensitive issue, hence it needs to be withheld. However, this issue needs to be re-examined again after few years depending upon the evolution of the society with regard to providing health care to the disabled and public health sector with regard to providing health care to poor people.

The Supreme Court judgement to withhold decision on this sensitive issue is a first step towards a new era of health care in terminally ill patients. The Judgment laid down is to preserve harmony within a society, when faced with a complex medical, social and legal dilemma. There is a need to enact a legislation to protect terminally ill patients and also medical practitioners caring for them as per the recommendation of Law Commission Report-196 15 . There is also an urgent need to invest in our health care system, so that poor people suffering from ill health can access free health care. Investment in health care is not a charity; ‘Right to Health’ is bestowed under ‘Right to Life’ of our constitution.

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Euthanasia (Argumentative Essay Sample)

Euthanasia is one of the subjects that have faced intense debate over time, the legalization of euthanasia have been debated for many years with different views presented in terms of  ethical and legal consideration for both patients and health care providers. Healthcare providers are faced with ethical dilemmas when caring for terminally ill patients. They are forced to make tough decisions by using their moral reasoning to overcome some of the ethical dilemmas related to euthanasia.

Euthanasia is viewed as murder, however, ethically; physician has the moral obligation to comply with patients’ decisions. Making such decision to either withhold or withdraw treatment for any patient is not an easy decision to make based on the cultural, religious and legal factors.  Death resulting to euthanasia is different between countries. Patients who experience extreme pain due to the nature of their illness are permitted to die with dignity in several countries while other countries totally condemn the use of euthanasia. Therefore, such individuals are among the few cases that continue to convince stakeholders to legalize euthanasia.

From a religious perspective; religious leaders see euthanasia to be unnecessary because for them, pain and suffering are not only a medical problem it is more than physical pain.  Pain and suffering are as a result of several factors; these include psychosocial, cultural and spiritual. Such views have changed the perspective of the debate about euthanasia.  The other aspect of euthanasia that has been ignored. It is a fact that the doctor has an obligation to fulfill patient’s request.

By not legalizing euthanasia is viewed as violating patient rights as the doctor refuses to help patients die. Even though many people are against euthanasia because it is viewed as murder, those who advocate for its usage view euthanasia from a different perspective. For them, the issue of cost and violation of human rights are the two most important arguments presented during euthanasia debates.  Even though those who support Euthanasia argue that it helps patients die with and help in containing the overall cost of treatment, others view Euthanasia as an immoral act. Other people view euthanasia as patient’s choice, not a physician; therefore, killing patients even when physicians have signed the code of ethics, is in line with the healthcare standards because the patient has the final say. The physician does not violate human rights.

I believe that there are valid reasons for patients to consider euthanasia because it saves both the patient and their family members from many financial burdens associated with terminal diseases. Euthanasia is the choice, and an alternative for patients who suffer immensely and their decision should be respected to help them alleviate suffering.  In many countries where euthanasia is permitted health care cost have been significantly contained. Patients with chronic illnesses do not have much choice but to die peacefully and with dignity.  Terminally ill patients are permitted to request from euthanasia to stop suffering.

Euthanasia remains one of the hot topics among many interest groups; some people believe that it is the only humane way to end suffering. Christians believe that humans have to undergo suffering because it’s part of God’s plan. In this debate considering the political, religious, legal and personal views all these people want to justify their reasons as to why euthanasia should be legalized or not. Euthanasia remains a debatable subject because of the varied views that might be valid to a certain point.

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What is euthanasia.

Euthanasia is the practice of ending the life of a patient to limit the patient’s suffering.  The patient in question would typically be terminally ill or experiencing great pain and suffering.

The word “euthanasia” itself comes from the Greek words “ eu ” (good) and “ thanatos ” (death).  The idea is that instead of condemning someone to a slow, painful, or undignified death, euthanasia would allow the patient to experience a relatively “good death.”

Types of euthanasia

Different practices fall under the label “euthanasia.”  Here are some distinctions demarcating different versions.

Active euthanasia : killing a patient by active means, for example, injecting a patient with a lethal dose of a drug.  Sometimes called “aggressive” euthanasia. Passive euthanasia : intentionally letting a patient die by withholding artificial life support such as a ventilator or feeding tube.  Some ethicists distinguish between  withholding  life support and  withdrawing  life support (the patient is on life support but then removed from it). Voluntary euthanasia : with the consent of the patient. Involuntary euthanasia : without the consent of the patient, for example, if the patient is unconscious and his or her wishes are unknown..  Some ethicists distinguish between “involuntary” (against the patient’s wishes) and “nonvoluntary” (without the patient’s consent but wishes are unknown) forms. Self-administered euthanasia : the patient administers the means of death. Other-administered euthanasia : a person other than the patient administers the means of death. Assisted : the patient administers the means of death but with the assistance of another person, such as a physician.

There are many possible combinations of the above types, and many types of euthanasia are morally controversial.  Some types of euthanasia, such as assisted voluntary forms, are legal in some countries.

Mercy-killing:  The term “mercy-killing” usually refers to active, involuntary or nonvoluntary, other-administered euthanasia.  In other words, someone kills a patient without their explicit consent to end the patient’s suffering.  Some ethicists think that

Physician-assisted suicide:  The phrase “physician-assisted suicide” refers to active, voluntary, assisted euthanasia where a physician assists the patient.  A physician provides the patient with a means, such as sufficient medication, for the patient to kill him or herself.

Some instances of euthanasia are relatively uncontroversial.  Killing a patient against their will (involuntary, aggressive/active, other-administered), for instance, is almost universally condemned.  During the late 1930’s and early 1940’s, in Germany, Adolf Hitler carried out a program to exterminate children with disabilities (with or without their parent’s permission) under the guise of improving the Aryan “race” and reducing costs to society.  Everyone now thinks this kind of euthanasia in the service of a eugenics program was clearly morally wrong.

What are key disputes in the controversy over euthanasia?

Advocates of active euthanasia typically argue that killing the patients in question is not worse than letting them die.  Advocates of voluntary euthanasia often claim that patients should have the right to do what they want with their own lives.  Advocates of mercy killing argue that for patients who are in vegetative states with no prospect of recovery, letting them die prevents future needless and futile treatment efforts.  If they are suffering then killing them prevents further suffering.  Advocates of physician-assisted suicide argue that a physician assisting a terminally ill or suffering patient is merely helping the patient who wishes to die with dignity.

Critics of the euthanasia typically argue that killing is always wrong, that nonvoluntary or involuntary euthanasia violates patient rights, or that physician-assisted suicide violates an obligation to do no harm.

Killing vs. letting die : There is dispute over whether killing a patient is really any worse than letting the patient die if both result in the same outcome.

Commonsense morality usually thinks that letting a person die is not as bad as killing a person.  We sometimes condemn letting an innocent person die and sometimes not, but we always condemn killing an innocent person.

Consider different instances of “letting die.”  One might claim that it is wrong to let our neighbor die of an accident if we could easily have saved his or her life by calling an ambulance.  On the other hand, we let starving people in poor countries die without condemning ourselves for failing to save them, because we think they have no right to demand we prevent their deaths.  But if someone killed a neighbor or starving people we would think that wrong.

Likewise, we would condemn a healthcare professional who kills a patient.  But we might accept the healthcare professional who at patient and family request withholds artificial life support to allow a suffering, terminally ill patient to die.

The distinction between killing and letting die is controversial in healthcare because critics charge there is no proper moral basis for the distinction.  They say that killing the above patient brings about the same end as letting the patient die.  Others object to this and claim that the nature of the act of killing is different than letting die in ways that make it morally wrong.

Ordinary vs. extraordinary treatment :  Ordinary medical treatment includes stopping bleeding, administering pain killers and antibiotics, and setting fractures.  But using a mechanical ventilator to keep a patient breathing is sometimes considered extraordinary treatment or care.  Some ethicists believe letting a patient die by withholding or withdrawing artificial treatment or care is acceptable but withholding or withdrawing ordinary treatment or care is not.  This view is controversial.  Some claim the distinction between ordinary and extraordinary treatment is artificial, contrived, vague, or constantly changing as technology progresses

Death intended vs. anticipated : Some ethicists believe that if a suffering, terminally-ill patient dies because of intentionally receiving pain-relieving medications, it makes a difference whether the death itself was intended or merely anticipated.  If the death was intended it is wrong but if the death was anticipated it might be morally acceptable.  This reasoning relies on the moral principle called the principle of double effect.

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Home — Essay Samples — Social Issues — Assisted Suicide — Euthanasia Has A Positive Influence: Arguments

Euthanasia Has a Positive Influence: Arguments

• Categories: Assisted Suicide

About this sample

Words: 835 |

Published: Mar 18, 2021

Words: 835 | Pages: 2 | 5 min read

Table of contents

Introduction, why is euthanasia good.

• BBC (2004). Retrieved form www.bbc.com/ethics/euthanasia/overview/introduction.shtml
• Hausmann, E. (2004). How press discourse justifies euthanasia. Mortality, 9(3), 206- 222. Retrieved from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13576270412331272798
• Swarte, N. B., Van Der Lee, M. L., van der Bom, J. G., Van Den Bout, J., & Heintz,
• A. P. M. (2003). Effects of euthanasia on the bereaved family and friends: a cross sectional study. Bmj, 327 (7408), 189. Retrieved form https://www.bmj.com/content/327/7408/189.short
• Christian Barnard, cardiac surgeon September 24, 1984 – Nice France – Presentation at Federation of Associations for the Right to Die. Retrieved from https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Euthanasia
• Norwood F. (2005). Euthanasia talk. Euthanasia discourse, general practice and end-of-life care in the Netherlands. Dissertation: University of California. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10730-007-9048-z?LI=true
• Friedrich Nietzsche, The Twilight of the Idols and The Anti-Christ, 1889.
• DeMarco, D. (1999). The Sacredness of Human Life in a Desacralized World.
• The Linacre Quarterly, 66(1), 49-55. Retrieved from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/20508549.1999.11877529

Should follow an “upside down” triangle format, meaning, the writer should start off broad and introduce the text and author or topic being discussed, and then get more specific to the thesis statement.

Provides a foundational overview, outlining the historical context and introducing key information that will be further explored in the essay, setting the stage for the argument to follow.

Cornerstone of the essay, presenting the central argument that will be elaborated upon and supported with evidence and analysis throughout the rest of the paper.

The topic sentence serves as the main point or focus of a paragraph in an essay, summarizing the key idea that will be discussed in that paragraph.

The body of each paragraph builds an argument in support of the topic sentence, citing information from sources as evidence.

After each piece of evidence is provided, the author should explain HOW and WHY the evidence supports the claim.

Should follow a right side up triangle format, meaning, specifics should be mentioned first such as restating the thesis, and then get more broad about the topic at hand. Lastly, leave the reader with something to think about and ponder once they are done reading.

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Euthanasia Argumentative Essay Sample

Published by gudwriter on May 27, 2018 May 27, 2018

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Argumentative Essay on Euthanasia Outline

Introduction.

Thesis: Despite the argument put across by both sides of the debate, euthanasia is legally and morally wrong since it disregards the value of human life.

Paragraph 1:

Euthanasia should be condemned by all means necessary since it involves ending the life of a human being.

• Any country that upholds Christian or any other religious values should make laws that prohibit euthanasia.
• The Bible heavily condemns murder in all its form through the sixth commandment of ‘ though shall not kill.’
• Upon the death of Brittany Maynard, the head of the Pontifical Academy for life maintained that, ‘… suicide is not a good thing, it is a bad thing because it is saying no to life and everything it means with respect to our mission in the world and towards those around as…’

Paragraph 2:

Through allowing euthanasia, medical practitioners are given too much power to kill.

• Doctors are given the right to kill in what is commonly referred to as playing God.
• In the modern days, doctors are taking self-centred interests in making money or making things go their way.

Paragraph 3:

Euthanasia destroys the normal doctor-patient relationship.

• A patient seeks a doctor because he or she knows that the doctor will do anything to save their life.
• However, if euthanasia is legalized, then patients may distrust the doctors.
• Doctors take the Hippocratic Oath that makes it clear that doctors should treat their patients to the best of their ability, alleviate pain, and protect life.

Paragraph 4:

Euthanasia goes against the sanctity of human life.

• Moral ethics dictate that nobody should intentionally terminate the life of another person or their own life.
• “Assisting’ a patient to die would be to deliberately kill a fellow human and defy moral ethics about the sacredness of human life.

Paragraph 5:

In essence, no matter the side of the debate one is, all can agree to the fact that euthanasia is a form of murder.

• Both parties to the debate may present arguments but what remains clear is that life will be lost.
• In the past, some terminally ill patients had survived even when medical reports indicated that they would not survive.
• It would be selfish and wrong to end the life of a patient based on a medical report.

Paragraph 6:

Sometimes a patient may consent to mercy killing due to the amount of pain that they are going through.

• In the recent past, there have been technological advancements that tend to help to ease pain.
• No medical practitioner should play God by deciding who lives and who dies no matter the level of consent given.

Paragraph 7:

Most of the times, patients who claim to be euthanized do so out of pain, suffering, and medical costs.

• Here, patients may feel as if they are a burden to their relatives and therefore desire to die with an aim of cutting down on the expenses.
• The truth is every person desires to see their relative up to the last point of their life.
• By all means possible. The life of a patient should be preserved and no person should decide when it ends.

In summary, the existence of palliative care and technological advancements in the medical industry proves that euthanasia is wrong. Although there are both sides of the debate on euthanasia a common agreement between the two groups is that it involves killing a patient.

Euthanasia Argumentative Essay Example

One of the greatest debates surrounding the topic of euthanasia revolves around its legalization. The legality of euthanasia has spurred a lot of debate due to the rise in cases of terminal illnesses such as cancer. There are people who support legalization of the procedure while there are others who strongly condemn it, terming it as intentional killing. Despite the argument put across by both sides, euthanasia is legally and morally wrong since it disregards the value of human life.

Euthanasia should be condemned by all means necessary since it involves ending the life of a human being. Any country that upholds Christian or any other religious values should make laws that prohibit the practice. Upon the death of Brittany Maynard, the head of the Pontifical Academy for life asserted that “…suicide is not a good thing, it is a bad thing because it is saying no to life and everything it means with respect to our mission in the world and towards those around as…” (Saul, 2014). Ideally, the Bible heavily condemns murder in all its forms through the sixth commandment of “Though shall not kill.” Therefore, physician-assisted killing should be seen and treated as murder.

In the same breadth, by allowing euthanasia, medical practitioners are given too much power to kill. Doctors are given the right to kill in what is commonly referred to as playing God. In the modern days, doctors are taking self-centered interests in making money or making things go their way. In Netherlands for example, many patients die every year due to physician-assisted killing whether it was without consent or not (Reichlin, 2001). A good example, as narrated by Sulmasy, Travaline and Louise (2016), was when a doctor took advantage of his patients’ agonies and ended up killing most of them to harvest organs for transplantation and experimentation.

Euthanasia also destroys the normal doctor-patient relationship. Frequently, a patient seeks a doctor because he or she knows that the doctor will do anything to save their life. However, if euthanasia is legalized, then patients may distrust the doctors. Doctors take the Hippocratic Oath that makes it clear that they should treat their patients to the best of their ability, alleviate pain, and protect life. Legalizing mercy killing would go against the very oath through which doctors are sworn in.

Further, euthanasia goes against the sanctity of human life. Moral ethics dictate that nobody should intentionally terminate the life of another person or their own life (Goligher et al., 2017). In this light, “assisting’ a patient to die would be to deliberately kill a fellow human and defy moral ethics about the sacredness of human life. On the same note, intentionally terminating a patient’s life contravenes medicine’s moral foundation. The foundation that the worth of the human person is both intrinsic and incalculable (Goligher et al., 2017). In line with this foundation, human life should only be lost naturally but not intentionally.

In essence, no matter the side of the debate one is, all can agree to the fact that euthanasia is a form of murder. Both parties to the debate may present arguments but what remains clear is that life will be lost. In the past, some terminally ill patients had survived even when medical reports indicated that they would not survive. Therefore, it would be selfish and wrong to end the life of a patient based on a medical report. Individuals who are for mercy killing agree that sometimes miracles do happen where terminally ill patients survive (Attell, 2017). Therefore, every patient no matter their level of pain should be given a chance to live or die in peace.

Sometimes a patient may consent to mercy killing due to the amount of pain that they are going through. However, in the recent past, there have been technological advancements that tend to help to ease pain. As a result, killing a patient on the basis of ending their pain is slowly becoming a thing of the past. No medical practitioner should play God by deciding who lives and who dies no matter the level of consent given. Individuals who are in a coma and had not indicated whether they wish to die or not, have the right to keep on going with their lives until they die naturally. It is unfair to get rid of any chance of survival against anybody’s will. That should be left unto God to decide.

Most of the times, patients who claim to be euthanized do so out of pain, suffering, and medical costs. Here, they may feel as if they are a burden to their relatives and therefore desire to die with an aim of cutting down on the expenses. However, the truth is every person desires to see their relative up to the last point of their life. In case such a patient is taken through mercy killing, the relatives will live with a guilty conscious wondering whether their loved one could have survived if they were not given the lethal injection. By all means possible, the life of a patient should be preserved and no person should decide when it ends.

The existence of palliative care and technological advancements in the medical industry proves that euthanasia is wrong. Although there are both sides of the debate on the practice, a common agreement between the two groups is that it involves killing a patient. In such instances, doctors decide to play God and administer a lethal injection that ends the life of a patient. Although a patient may decide to receive the lethal dose, they do so out of pain and suffering, and sometimes out of concern for the medical costs involved in their care. No matter the argument put across by any group, euthanasia remains what it is: killing an innocent patient. It is morally wrong.

Attell, B. K. (2017). Changing attitudes toward euthanasia and suicide for terminally ill persons, 1977 to 2016: an age-period-cohort analysis.  OMEGA-Journal of Death and Dying , 0030222817729612.

Goligher, E. C., Ely, E. W., Sulmasy, D. P., Bakker, J., Raphael, J., Volandes, A., … Downar, J. (2017). Physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia in the intensive care unit: A dialogue on core ethical issues. Crit Care Med., 45 (2), 149-155.

Reichlin, M. (2001). Euthanasia in the Netherlands.  KOS , (193), 22-29.

Saul, H. (2014). Vatican condemns Brittany Maynard’s decision to end her life as ‘absurd’.

Sulmasy, D. P., Travaline, J. M., & Louise, M. A. (2016). Non-faith-based arguments against physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia. The Linacre Quarterly, 83 (3), 246-257.

Good reasons to legalize weed everywhere . (n.d.). Herbarium.  https://herbarium.la/good-reasons-to-legalize-weed-everywhere/

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