173 Construction Research Topics & Essay Examples

Are you looking for current construction research topics? StudyCorgi has compiled a list of research topics in the construction industry for you! Here, you’ll find hot topics in construction management, safety, building materials, technology, and other construction-related civil engineering ideas. Feel free to use these titles for your essays, presentations, research papers, projects, or even as a starting point in your dissertation research.

🏆 Best Construction Topics for Research Papers

✍️ construction essay topics for college, 👍 good construction research topics & essay examples, 🌶️ hot construction topics, 🎓 most interesting construction essay examples, 💡 current construction article topics, 📌 easy construction essay topics.

  • The Social Construction of Gender
  • The Social Construction of Gender Roles
  • Stakeholder Management in Construction Projects
  • Assessing Learning and Test Construction
  • Childhood: The Concept of Social Construction
  • Construction of Wembley’s Stadium: Project Management Methodologies
  • Postmodern Feminism and Its Theory of Gender as Social Construction
  • Wood as a Construction Material: History, Properties, Use Today, wood is still a common material in the building of boats and houses. The use of wood in the construction of the frames of a majority of domestic houses is also common.
  • A Business Plan for a Home Construction Company This paper is a personal business plan for a small company constructing various buildings for disadvantaged individuals, it will also discuss the key strategies for its foundation.
  • Environmental Impact of the Football Stadium Construction The construction of Football Stadium in the district of Tipner, Portsmouth, UK is a great challenge for the site’s environments and ecological situation.
  • Renata SA Construction Company’s Project Management Renata SA is one of the prominent construction companies based in the European Union. It is proficient in handling both private and public construction projects.
  • Silver Fiddle Construction Project Risk Management When it comes to defining the key risks associated with the project one must point to the fact that the project is very costly and requires a substantial amount of time.
  • Top Ten Construction Site Hazards. In the construction industry, the laborers and site workers are liable to face innumerable dangers and risks of health and safety each day.
  • Concrete as a Construction Material Concrete is one of the most widely used construction materials on Earth, so a more detailed analysis of concrete was taken to realize its pros and cons for construction purposes.
  • Speech Defending the Construction of Bicycle Lanes The purpose of my appeal to the city authorities and the local community is to build bicycle lanes and to create new bicycle routes.
  • Risk Management in Healthcare Construction Projects A risk is any occurrence that has the potential to alter the progress of a project significantly. A risk may be positive or negative.
  • Motivation and Performance in UAE Construction Industry One of the most important revelations in the research was that workers and managers in the UAE construction industry were not motivated.
  • Construction Waste Management Managing construction waste is often a difficult process because its poor implementation could lead to unintended consequences for contractors, clients, and the public.
  • Construction of Fertilizer Blending Plants in Nigeria: Cost and Schedule Impact Delving deeper into the development of the project under analysis, one will realize that a unique impediment was encountered as OCP Africa started expanding its services.
  • Social Construction of Serial Killers Serial killing is a homicide category occurring when an offender murders more than three victims unknown to the criminal.
  • The Social Construction of Aging The social construction of age states that aging occurs because people explain in their mind and physical stages that the body changes are the aging symptoms.
  • Drug Dependency: Construction of a Rehabilitation Center Creating a program that would act as a foundation to help drug addicts recover from drug usage would help lessen drug dependency.
  • Authentic Leadership in the Construction Industry This paper seeks to examine the concept of authentic leadership and why it can become the best option for improving management and supervision in the construction industry.
  • Dubai Construction Cost and Its Political Factors This research paper determines how political factors affect the construction industry in Dubai and what can be done to lower these costs.
  • Social Construction of Gender and Sexual Dichotomy Gender is usually divided into two sexes, namely male and female, in modern society. Traditionally, gender is determined by various physiological features, such as genitalia.
  • Engineering, Procurement and Construction Strategy Saudi Arabia boasts one of the largest oil and gas reserves in the world. The resource is characterized by high price fluctuations that impact the government’s budget.
  • Fundamentals of Building Construction Foundations are the basis for any construction object, and it is essential for any project to determine the most fitting type of foundation.
  • Project for the Construction of a New Cottage Town The project is devoted to the building of the new cottage town in the country and is aimed at the satisfaction of citizens’ needs and providing them with a new wonderful way of life.
  • Economic Environment for a Construction Firm The construction industry is plagued by a lot of difficulties in the UK and other parts of the world. This study mainly focuses on economic conditions affecting construction firms.
  • Tunnel Design and Construction The paper concerns the many significant advances in technology that have facilitated tremendous growth in the tunneling industry.
  • Social Construction of Technologies: Tablet Computer This paper is aimed at discussing the development of such a technology as the tablet computer. In particular, it is necessary to apply such a concept as social construction.
  • Lobby Café Construction Project Evaluation The report aimed to analyze three aspects of the Lobby Café Construction project: external factors, stakeholder analysis, and assessment of corporate social responsibility.
  • Achieving Success in Construction Project Management The effective implementation of construction programs depends on many factors, among which the management of construction organizations can be identified.
  • Construction Materials and Building Codes Platform framing system is commonly used in the building industry because the building that is made using this method is always durable and have high structural integrity.
  • Construction Company’s Operational Risk Management This work presents an operational risk assessment connected to standard masonry techniques and procedures in the development of five-story apartment blocks.
  • Use of Modern Construction Materials Concrete is an architectural material composed of a strong, noncorrosive particle material called aggregates, typically sand and pebbles.
  • The Construction Management Position Observation Construction projects constantly need modifications, and in this sense, construction management is the key to the stability of the entire procedure.
  • Construction Project Management and Communication As a project manager, I will communicate with the necessary stakeholders and develop a construction project for the client who purchased the property five years ago.
  • Societal and Gender Construction Affecting Incidents of Domestic Violence The paper intends to explore how societal and gender construction can affect the incidences of domestic violence.
  • Construction Management and Law in United Kingdom: An Analysis The essay discusses the current legal requirements for constructing a building in the UK and details various legal procedures involved in handling the building projects in the UK.
  • A New Building Construction Project Analysis The management of AXBC PLC needs to allot more time for constructing a new building as the analysis has clearly shown that the management may be overly optimistic.
  • Construction Companies and Ethics Many construction companies do not have an ethical program at all. It is important that people in the company undergo training in order to understand the ethical standards that have been set.
  • Canadian Housing and Construction Statistics Growth for housing starts, completions, and under construction was negatively affected by the economic downturn in 2008 with only 187,923 units registered.
  • Soil Mechanics in Construction Engineering Soil mechanics is a relatively new discipline in civil engineering, which entails the study of the engineering properties of soil relative to the design of various engineering structures.
  • Construction and Operation of the London Eye The current assignment examines the construction and operation processes of the London Eye and provides a comprehensive analysis of the project.
  • Social Construction of Race and Gender in the United States and Brazil Being able to categorize the general population into specific groups based on certain characteristics is vital for understanding how people see themselves and others.
  • Role of Tribes in the Construction of Identity Sine tribes create a sense of belonging by reinforcing the significance of the marker of social hierarchy and the importance of compliance with set traditions.
  • Investment Strategy: Construction of Portfolio The report selects four best-performing equities based on evaluation taste from ten promising stocks listed in New York Stock Exchange.
  • Evaluating Performance of Public Construction Projects in Abuja, Nigeria The purpose of the paper is to provide an in-depth inquiry into the need for a stakeholder performance evaluation framework for public construction projects in Abuja Nigeria.
  • The Construction Industry in Australia. The construction industry in Australia commands some significant linkages with other key sectors, and this has led to its major impact on the economy.
  • Generational Differences in Galliford Try Construction Industry The study illuminates how various challenges affect the company and aligns them with theories such as transformational, authentic, servant leadership and leader-member exchange (LMX).
  • R&B Construction Company: Organizational Culture One of the essential factors in an organization’s success is its culture which are the values, beliefs, and visions that unite an organization.
  • The Social Construction of Reality SOLO taxonomy should be considered a valuable analytical instrument in terms of application to the complex challenges of the modern era.
  • Construction of Knowledge in Society Knowledge is constructed by society facing informational cascades and being disinformed. As a result, people lose confidence in particular institutions.
  • GPS Surveying and Laser Total Station Surveying Within Construction This essay intends to establish the main differences between GPS surveying and Laser total station surveying within the construction and single out their respective applications.
  • Truss Construction Shop Workplace Incident This paper analyzes the incident that occurred in the Truss Construction Shop when a worker was injured while performing his work with the help of a machine.
  • Madina Azahra Palace Construction Medina Azahara means the City of Flowers and it represents the ruins of the fortified Arab Muslim medieval palace in Spain. The palace was built in 929 by Abd al-Rahman.
  • “The Construction of Homosexuality” a Book by David Greenberg The book, The Construction of Homosexuality by David Greenberg presents the reflection of the author on historical timeline of the struggle by homosexuals to get their rights.
  • Construction of the Sense of Meaning and Identity The most contributing factors to the construction of human sense of meaning and identity are relational processes between person and group, as well as different social processes.
  • Shortage of Skilled Workers in Middle East Construction Industry The construction industry in the Middle East has been facing the risk of rising labour costs and labour shortages, which in turn is squeezing up the smaller contractors.
  • Sexual Orientation as a Social Construction and Reality Even if sexual orientation, gender roles, and sex are all socially constructed, it does not mean that they are not real.
  • Race as a Social Construction in the US The idea of the social construction of race is the basis on which modern theory refutes the initial assumptions used to justify the American practice of slavery.
  • Construction Industry Disputes in the UAE There is still very little literature in the UAE on the negotiation strategies and how the same impacts on the outcomes in the dispute resolution.
  • Schedule Delay Analysis in Construction Projects Within a construction environment, it is rather common that both the contractor and employer are worried about the time for performance.
  • Saudi Marine Construction Projects and Risks The Saudi Arabian marine construction works revolve around the establishment of ports and harbors. The ports must be constructed to facilitate tourist arrival.
  • Aspects of Social Construction The paper states that social construction examines how people learn about their surroundings and the world in general, which influences some changes.
  • Construction: Characteristics and Reliability of Piles and Props The construction requires a solid and water-resistant system. The secant pile wall provides this opportunity and increased alignment flexibility in construction
  • Why to Learn Construction and Engineering Skills Basic construction and engineering skills can enable a person to successfully engage in the work of their own house and be able to start a new technical career.
  • Towards Green Construction: Timber as Material Timber appears to be a beneficial option for the construction of a variety of buildings. Its cost efficiency is evident in the construction process.
  • The Aircraft Runways Construction The construction of aircraft runways must be constructed by individual runway design, based on the direction of the winds and aeronautical paths, and immediate terrain.
  • Development Plan at Olive Construction Company Olive Construction Company was founded in 2019 to tap into the booming construction industry in Miami Dade County.
  • Civil Rights Movement and Construction of US Racism Racism is associated with slurs, Islamophobia, police brutality, and Donald Trump. This list signals that racism today is a more insidious, politicized form of discrimination.
  • The Influence of the Gospel on the Construction of the Christian Worldview The paper considers the essentials of the Gospel that influence the construction of the Christian worldview and form a behavioral framework.
  • Progressivism and Its Role in American Social Construction Progressivism arose as political development, its center thought was that administration played a significant part in monetary guidelines and colonial government assistance.
  • Social Construction of Gender. Sociology in Modules Sociobiology entails the scientific study of social behavior’s biological bases among humans and even animals. It assumes that such behavior arises from the evolution.
  • Power Suburbs and the Construction of Race by Nicolaides & Wiese Becky M. Nicolaides and Andrew Wiese discuss suburbanization and its effects on racial segregation in postwar America.
  • Foodmart vs. Masterpiece Construction Dispute: Contract Formation The subcontracting of Masterpiece construction in the renovation of Foodmart’s Main Street store is valid and the former has the right to delegate its duties of the contract.
  • Construction Management: Organizations, Cash Flow & Controls on Site This paper discusses organizations, cash flow, and controls on-site: types of organizations, project cash flows, certification programs, cost control as a management tool.
  • Water Cooling Tower Construction Site’s Problems The paper highlights three major problems at the construction site. They are security, scheduling, and safety problems.
  • Critical Path Method in Construction Practice The critical path method has a significant role to play in managing resources on construction projects by relating time and money.
  • The Deployment of WLAN (WI-FI) on Open Area Construction Projects This paper sets out to illustrate that implementation of mobile communication technologies in the construction industry is not only technologically and economically feasible.
  • Race: Genetic or Social Construction One of the most challenging questions the community faces today is the following: whether races were created by nature or society or not.
  • Gender Construction and Heterosexism Homophobia, or the aversion for people who have same-sex preferences, are categorized under personal, interpersonal, institutional and societal.
  • The Study of the Construction Methods for Firefighters The study of the construction methods allows the fire officers to predict the effects of the demolition and possible way to preserve the construction in a better condition.
  • Construction Law. Negligence, Tort and Duty of Care The cases Chapman v. Hearse and Voli v IngleWoodshire Council are both legal cases that were tried in the High Court of Australia in the years 1961 and 1963 respectively.
  • Shortage of Skilled Workers and Its Impacts in Middle East Construction Industry Presently there is a huge shortage of structural and civil engineers, project managers, safety managers, on-site supervisors and tradesman, like welders and fitters.
  • Construction. The Hines Group and Babcock & Brown The Hines Group and Babcock & Brown provide the highest standards of security of workers and the best organization of the material delivery, storage, and usage.
  • The Range of Regulations Applicable to Health and Safety in Construction The regulatory systems have done more good than bad in the general growth of safety conditions for workers in the European Union.
  • Carillion Construction Company’s Story of Decline This report analyses the Carillion company’s performance, identifies some causes for its decline, and discusses the roles of the directors and auditors in it.
  • Family, Work, and Social Construction of Intimacy The paper examines various aspects of family life and the real problems of families. The work-family relationship may sometimes result in work-family conflict.
  • “Uncoupling: The Social Construction of Divorce” by Robboy et al. This paper aims to analyze the article “Uncoupling: The Social Construction of Divorce” by Robboy et al. and summarize the main ideas from it.
  • Ethics: Tellico Dam Construction vs. Snail Darter Fish The argument against the Tellico dam construction concerns the role of the snail darter in the ecological system of the Little Mississippi River.
  • Poverty and Homelessness: Dimensions and Constructions With the growth of the economy and the failure of employment, the number of people living in poverty and without shelter increases.
  • Cultural Rift in the UAE Construction Industry This paper will explore cultural differences and organizational cultures in the UAE. It will also explore ways of harmonizing the two to minimize conflicts.
  • Portfolio Construction: Choosing a Suitable Investment Option Investing in trustworthy and promising ventures so that the specified goal can be achieved can be viewed as the secondary objective of the project.
  • Risk Management of Construction Megaprojects Long-term projects can be considered an integral part of the modern world. At the same time, the management of projects is a complex task because of many issues and obstacles.
  • Gray Construction Company’s Business Communication Gray Construction is a family-owned construction company that, by utilizing the system of open forums, tries to increase the success of business-related communications.
  • Quality Improvement in the Construction Industry’ Context Focusing on quality improvement is essential in the context of a multicultural corporation. The introduction of the Six Sigma DMAIC framework was tested as a possible tool.
  • Construction Company’s Staff’s Quality Performance The purpose of the study is the identification of the links between the application of the diversity-related strategies, the motivation of the employees, and the staff’s rates.
  • Construction of the America’s Great Wall The paper highlights some of the reasons why the Great Wall was a bad idea. The government realized that the control act did not give the expected results.
  • Social Community Constructions, Expected Social Conduct, and Economic Structures Within the Society This paper outlines social community constructions, expected social conduct, and economic structures within the society.
  • Intermediate Institutions and Technology Transfer in Developing Countries: Construction Industry in Ghana
  • Building for the Future: The Potential Importance of the Construction Industry in Welsh Economic Development Policy
  • Global Construction Equipment Market Industry Analysis
  • Waste Processing Plants Construction in Saudi Arabia
  • Investigation Into Waste Management on Construction Sites in South Western Nigeria
  • Waste Processing Plants Construction in India
  • Improving Health and Safety on Construction in Romania
  • Channel Tunnel Construction: Project Management
  • Indonesia Residential Construction: Market Update
  • Improving Higher Education for Construction Management
  • Worker’s Attitudes Towards Safety in the Construction Field
  • Case Studies About Australian Construction Firms
  • Chinese Culture and Successful Implementation of Partnering in Singapore’s Construction Industry
  • Iowa River Bridge Steel Method Construction
  • Civil Engineering: Bridge Construction Issues
  • Good Research Paper About Planning of Construction of Tall Buildings
  • Transforming Municipal Solid Waste Into Construction Materials
  • Chemical and Pharmaceutical Plants Construction in India to 2019
  • Building Information Modelling Analysis Construction
  • Ethical Case Study Bhopal Disaster Construction
  • Global Market for Agricultural and Construction Equipment
  • Ireland Industrial Construction: Market Update
  • Incorporating the Lean Cell Process Into Repair Stations Construction
  • Environmental Impacts From Dam Construction
  • Improving Construction Site Safety
  • Internet Marketing Strategy for Small Construction Firms
  • Cdm Baseline Construction for Vietnam National Electricity Grid
  • Analyzing the Malaysian Construction Industry
  • Building Plan Commission, Construction, and Alterations
  • Commercial Bank Lending Practices and the Development of Black-Owned Construction Companies
  • Industry Research- Construction, Homebuilding
  • Housing Demand and Residential Construction in Thailand
  • Establishing Quantitative Indicators for Measuring the Partnering Performance of Construction Projects in Hong Kong
  • Establishing the Association Between Collaborative Working and Construction Project Performance Based on Client and Contractor Perceptions
  • Institutional Capacity for Climate Change Responses: An Examination of Construction and Pathways in Mexico City and Santiago
  • Innovative Construction Technology for Affordable Mass Housing in Tanzania, East Africa
  • Collaboration Environments for Small and Medium-Sized Architecture, Engineering and Construction Enterprises
  • Total Quality Management and the Learning Organization: A Dialogue for Change in Construction
  • Client-Led Strategies for Construction Supply Chain Improvement
  • Indian Construction Industry and Risk Assessment Construction
  • Analyzing the Drivers for Early Contractor Involvement Adoption by Construction Clients
  • International Construction: Floor Packaging Method
  • How Dilation Was Used in the Construction of the Pyramids of Egypt
  • Workplace Injuries and Fatalities in the UK Industry Construction
  • Close Entanglements: Aligning the Construction and Finance Industries
  • Interaction Between the Economic Growth and the Construction Industry
  • Germany’s Construction Industry: Stabilization on the Horizon
  • Welfare Facilities During Construction Work
  • The Ethical Issue, or Issues, Affecting the Construction Industry Today
  • Whether the Construction Industry Is the Pillar Industry in Hong Kong?
  • United Kingdom Residential Construction: Market Update
  • Issues, Problems and Risks in Construction Projects and Ways of Mitigating Them
  • Good Faith and Co-operation Under Construction Contracts in UK
  • Health and Safety Considerations for the Construction
  • Worker Flows, Entry and Productivity in the New Zealand Construction Industry
  • Building Methods and Policies That Govern the Construction
  • Building Construction Types for People in the Fire Service Field
  • Ziggurats Their Construction and Uses in Ancient Mesopotamia Irrigation Systems
  • Greece Industrial Construction: Market Update
  • Business E-solutions for Small Construction Companies
  • Architect E.j Lennox’s American Courthouse Construction
  • Houston and the Global Market for Engineering and Construction
  • Waste Minimizing and Recycling in Construction
  • Understanding the Divergence Between Output and Employment in the UK Construction Industry
  • Information Technology and the Construction Contractor
  • Capital Structure and Return on Capital Employed of Construction Companies in Nigeria
  • Intellectual Capital, Knowledge Sharing, and Innovation Performance: Evidence From the Chinese Construction Industry
  • Workflow Software for Building and Construction Companies
  • German Construction Industry: New Residential Construction at Cyclical Peak – Public Construction Gaining Ground
  • Transaction-Related Issues and Construction Project Performance
  • Chinese Urban Residential Construction to 2040
  • Work Health and Safety, Competitive Advantage, and Organisational Performance in Small Construction Firms

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StudyCorgi. (2021, September 9). 173 Construction Research Topics & Essay Examples. https://studycorgi.com/ideas/construction-essay-topics/

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StudyCorgi . "173 Construction Research Topics & Essay Examples." September 9, 2021. https://studycorgi.com/ideas/construction-essay-topics/.

StudyCorgi . 2021. "173 Construction Research Topics & Essay Examples." September 9, 2021. https://studycorgi.com/ideas/construction-essay-topics/.

These essay examples and topics on Construction were carefully selected by the StudyCorgi editorial team. They meet our highest standards in terms of grammar, punctuation, style, and fact accuracy. Please ensure you properly reference the materials if you’re using them to write your assignment.

This essay topic collection was updated on December 27, 2023 .

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Construction Engineering Dissertation Topics

Published by Carmen Troy at January 5th, 2023 , Revised On August 18, 2023

Introduction

The development in construction engineering has significantly influenced the way our society has grown over the last few decades. Recent research in sustainable construction has been much emphasized in the civil engineering industry. The world is now moving towards systems that are considered adaptable, sustainable, viable, and environmentally friendly.

Many developed countries, including the United Kingdom, have developed pathways towards this future in Vision 2030 and even 2050. There are various exciting research opportunities for students when selecting their construction engineering dissertation topic .

To help you get started with brainstorming for construction engineering topic ideas, we have developed a list of the latest topics that can be used for writing your construction engineering dissertation.

These topics have been developed by PhD-qualified writers of our team , so you can trust to use these topics for drafting your dissertation.

You may also want to start your dissertation by requesting  a brief research proposal  from our writers on any of these topics, which includes an  introduction  to the topic,  research question ,  aim and objectives ,  literature review  along with the proposed  methodology  of research to be conducted.  Let us know  if you need any help in getting started.

Check our  dissertation examples  to get an idea of  how to structure your dissertation .

Review the full list of  dissertation topics for 2022 here.

2022 Construction Engineering Dissertation Topics

Topic 1: the impact of virtual reality on enhancing customer experience and decreasing on-site visits to construction projects.

Research Aim: The aim is to evaluate the impact of virtual reality on enhancing customer experience and decreasing on-site visits to construction projects

Objectives:

  • To understand the significance of incorporating VR in the UK construction projects
  • To analyse the effect of VR on enhancing customer experience
  • To examine the impact of VR on reducing the number of on-site visits

Topic 2: The incorporation of AI in UK based construction projects to forecast costs accurately and mitigate safety and productivity issues

Research Aim: The aim focuses on to examine how the incorporation of AI in the UK construction projects can help in forecasting costs accurately and mitigating safety and productivity issues

  • To explore the significance of incorporating AI in construction projects
  • To evaluate how forecasting of costs can be done accurately with the incorporation of AI in the UK construction projects
  • To understand how safety and productivity issues can be mitigated effectively with the integration of AI in the UK construction projects

Topic 3: The impact of workforce restrictions and supply chain disruptions due to the coronavirus pandemic on the growth of the UK construction sector

Research Aim: The research aim concentrates on to explore the impact of workforce restrictions and supply chain disruptions due to the coronavirus pandemic on the growth of the UK construction sector

  • To evaluate the different impacts of coronavirus pandemic on the UK construction sector
  • To determine how supply chain disruptions due to the pandemic has influenced the growth of the UK construction sector
  • To examine how workforce restrictions due to this pandemic have impacted the growth of the UK construction sector

Topic 4: The importance of five elements of Business Information Modeling and how these elements of BIM are minimising operation costs and increasing the productivity in UK construction projects

Research Aim: The aim is to evaluate the importance of five elements of Business Information Modeling and how these elements of BIM are minimising operation costs and increasing the productivity in the UK construction projects

Objectives :

  • To understand the Business Information Modeling and its five elements
  • To determine how these elements of BIM are minimising operation costs in the UK based construction projects
  • To examine how these elements of BIM are increasing the productivity  in the UK based construction projects

Topic 5: An examination of different ways through which a site waste management plan in the UK construction projects helps in using recyclable products and mitigating contamination

Research Aim: The research aim explores different ways through which a site waste management plan in the UK construction projects helps in using recyclable products and mitigating contamination

  • To examine the importance of the site waste management plan in the UK construction projects
  • To determine how an efficient site waste management plan can help in recycling waste products
  • To evaluate how an efficient site waste management plan can aid in mitigating contamination

Covid-19 Civil Engineering Research Topics

Construction engineering after coronavirus: identify the consequences of covid-19 on construction engineering in the uk or any country of your choice..

Research Aim: This research will focus on identifying the impacts of Coronavirus on construction engineering in the selected country.

Research to study the damage caused to the construction projects due to the lack of workers on site.

Research Aim: This study will focus on identifying the damage caused to construction projects as the workers are staying away from the sites. What measures are taken to complete these projects and recover the loss?

Contractors and Builders after Covid-19: business industry, tender opportunities, and planning to continue business.

Research Aim: This research aims at identifying the conditions faced by contractors and builders. What is their plan to deal with the COVID-19 crisis? How did it affect the business industry and tender opportunities?

Cite Operating Procedures: research the various safety measures for workers, contractors, and engineers working on construction sites.

Research Aim: This research is conducted to know about various safety measures taken by the government and private organisations for workers, contractors, and engineers working on construction sites.

Investigate how civil engineers are working from home: Identify whether remote working can be a long-lasting solution to recover the loss caused by Covid-19.

Research Aim: Remote working has emerged as a ray of hope for mechanical engineers amid this pandemic. This research will focus on the advantages and disadvantages of remote working and also answer the question of whether it is a long-lasting solution or not.

Research to study the economic and labour crisis as a result of Coronavirus.

Research Aim: This research will focus on the financial loss and labour crisis caused due to the outbreak of the Coronavirus pandemic.

Research to study the disruption of the supply chain, shortage of contractors, workers, and material, cancellation of contracts due to COVID-19

Research Aim: This research will focus on identifying the disruption of the supply chain, shortage of contractors, workers, and material, cancellation of contracts due to COVID-19.

Research to throw the light on the future of the construction Industry after the Coronavirus pandemic.

Research Aim: This research will predict how the construction industry will transform after the COVID-19 pandemic. What challenges it may face, and what could be the possible ways to meet those challenges?

  • Utilization of renewable energy resources in the development of sustainable homes
  • Sustainability and its impact on societies; Visualizing a constructive future.
  • Achieving sustainability from properties of concrete; Analyses of the recent research and developments.
  • The lean manufacturing techniques and the role of management in construction
  • Construction Safety; is there a need to revise or re-model the practices/legislations, reviewing the accidental trends and role of legislations?
  • Multilingual safety in construction; reviewing the current industrial practices and the need to improve, highlighting the actual issues of migrant workers in the construction industry
  • Analysis of the impact of the latest technology in the construction Industry
  • The role of Business Information Modelling (BIM) in the Construction Industry; assessment of practices, management, and productivity through such computer-aided tools
  • Procurement techniques; analyses of the most suited procurement strategies in the construction industry
  • Is there a need for an integrated model that can replace all other management tools? Review of how the construction industry can be revolutionized through the use of state of the art computer-aided techniques
  • Construction Management; highlighting the best practices in the modern construction projects
  • Zero carbon structures; use of technology to develop zero carbon buildings
  • Waste minimization in construction projects; identifying the best practices
  • Use of Waste in constructions; how demolition can be modelled to construct new structures
  • Construction materials analyses; timber, steel, or concrete? Investigation of materials for optimum material’s utilization
  • Design of Effective ventilation systems in high rise buildings

 Also Read:   Mechanical Engineering Dissertation Topics

Note: Some of these topics may require students to undertake primary research, which includes developing questionnaires, survey forms, and interviews, whilst others are based on desk-based research.

How Can ResearchProspect Help?

ResearchProspect writers can send several custom topic ideas to your email address. Once you have chosen a topic that suits your needs and interests, you can order for our dissertation outline service , which will include a brief introduction to the topic, research questions , literature review , methodology , expected results , and conclusion . The dissertation outline will enable you to review the quality of our work before placing the order for our full dissertation writing service !

Important Notes:

As a construction engineering student looking to get good grades, it is essential to develop new ideas and experiment on existing construction engineering theories – i.e., to add value and interest in your research topic.

The field of construction engineering is vast and interrelated to so many other academic disciplines like  civil engineering , chemical engineering , mechanical engineering , engineering and more. That is why it is imperative to create a construction engineering dissertation topic that is articular, sound, and actually solves a practical problem that may be rampant in the field.

We can’t stress how important it is to develop a logical research topic; it is the basis of your entire research. There are several significant downfalls to getting your topic wrong; your supervisor may not be interested in working on it, the topic has no academic creditability, the research may not make logical sense, and there is a possibility that the study is not viable.

This impacts your time and efforts in  writing your dissertation , as you may end up in the cycle of rejection at the very initial stage of the dissertation. That is why we recommend reviewing existing research to develop a topic, taking advice from your supervisor, and even asking for help in this particular stage of your dissertation.

While developing a research topic, keeping our advice in mind will allow you to pick one of the best construction engineering dissertation topics that fulfil your requirement of writing a research paper and add to the body of knowledge.

Therefore, it is recommended that when finalising your dissertation topic, you read recently published literature to identify gaps in the research that you may help fill.

Remember- dissertation topics need to be unique, solve an identified problem, be logical, and be practically implemented. Take a look at some of our sample construction engineering dissertation topics to get an idea for your own dissertation.

How to Structure your Dissertation on Construction Engineering

A well-structured   dissertation can help students   to achieve a high overall academic grade.

  • A Title Page
  • Acknowledgements
  • Declaration
  • Abstract: A summary of the research completed
  • Table of Contents
  • Introduction : This chapter includes the project rationale, research background, key research aims and objectives, and the research problems. An outline of the structure of a dissertation can also be added to this chapter.
  • Literature Review :  This chapter presents relevant theories and frameworks by analysing published and unpublished literature available on the chosen research topic in light of the research questions to be addressed. The purpose is to highlight and discuss the relative weaknesses and strengths of the selected research area whilst identifying any research gaps. Break down of the topic, and key terms can positively impact your dissertation and your tutor.
  • Methodology: The  data collection  and  analysis methods and techniques employed by the researcher are presented in the Methodology chapter, which usually includes  research design, research philosophy, research limitations, code of conduct, ethical consideration, data collection methods, and  data analysis strategy .
  • Findings and Analysis: Findings of the research are analysed in detail under the Findings and Analysis chapter. All key findings/results are outlined in this chapter without interpreting the data or drawing any conclusions. It can be useful to include  graphs , charts, and   tables in this chapter to identify meaningful trends and relationships.
  • Discussion and  Conclusion: The researcher presents his interpretation of the results in this chapter and states whether the research hypothesis has been verified or not. An essential aspect of this section of the paper is to link the results and evidence from the literature. Recommendations with regards to implications of the findings and directions for the future may also be provided. Finally, a summary of the overall research, along with final judgments, opinions, and comments, must be included in the form of suggestions for improvement.
  • References:  This should be completed in accordance with your University’s requirements
  • Bibliography
  • Appendices: Any additional information, diagrams, and graphs used to complete the  dissertation  but not part of the dissertation should be included in the Appendices chapter. Essentially, the purpose is to expand the information/data.

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Construction Research

Construction research at Oregon State focuses on a wide variety of topics related to the design and construction of infrastructure projects. Construction faculty have extensive expertise and experience in the following signature research areas:

  • Human Factors in Construction – addressing the needs and abilities of humans involved in the construction process
  • Advanced Methods and Materials – efficient use of materials, equipment, and labor to optimize construction operations and project success
  • Virtual Design and Construction – utilizing technology to plan, manage, maintain, visualize, and simulate the project design and construction process
  • Management Science – scientific investigation and understanding of the project delivery and management process

Construction faculty lead and participate in research sponsored by a variety of local, regional, and national organizations including the National Science Foundation (NSF), Construction Industry Institute (CII), National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP), Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT), Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), Center for Construction Research and Training (CPWR), Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), and PacTrans.

Construction faculty and research interests: 

Ingrid Arocho

Ingrid Arocho

Assistant professor of construction engineering: Research interests include construction equipment fleet management, pollution production during construction activities, and construction methods improvement to reduce environmental impact.  Her previous research included the estimation and forecasting of pollution emissions from construction equipment fleets. Dr. Arocho’s teaching interests include cost estimating, project management for construction projects, and advanced topics in project controls.

Joseph Fradella III

Joseph Fradella III

Senior instructor II: Extensive industry experience both nationally and internationally, with particular focus on historic building restoration and conservation, retaining walls and hardscape work, and other building renovation and maintenance projects. During his career he has worked for several engineering and construction firms, primarily focusing on mechanical and electrical systems. Mr. Fradella’s teaching interests include mechanical and electrical construction, cost estimating, planning and scheduling, project management, and professional development.

Profile-John-Gambatese

John Gambatese, P.E. (CA)

Professor of construction engineering: Technical and research interests include construction safety, work zone design, constructability, sustainability, design-construction interface, temporary construction structures, construction site operations, and systems engineering.  Current and recent research projects address issues related to construction worker health and safety, design of construction and maintenance work zones, Prevention through Design (PtD), formwork risk and reliability, and the impacts of lean design and construction on safety. Dr. Gambatese’s teaching interests include designing for safety, construction site systems, temporary construction structures, planning and scheduling, and construction contracts and specifications.

Portrait of Joseph Louis.

Joseph Louis

Assistant professor of construction engineering and Robert C. Wilson Faculty Scholar: Research interests lie at the intersection of simulation, visualization, and automation within the context of construction operations. He draws upon concepts in these areas to provide construction managers with better means of planning, monitoring, and controlling their operations to improve safety, maximize productivities, and minimize equipment idle times. Dr. Louis’s teaching interests include undergraduate and graduate classes in heavy civil operations and equipment, and analytical techniques for construction encompassing construction simulation, visualization, and risk management.

Catarina Pestana

Catarina Pestana

Instructor: Research interests lie the area of project management, including lean management and risk management. Her research interests focus on the enhancement of the performance of production systems and products in different stages of their life-cycle and supply chain in the AEC industry. Current research addresses multi-criteria risk-based decision methodologies to identify and validate improvements to processes and on-site operations in the AEC industry. Dr. Pestana’s teaching interests include scheduling and planning, construction contracts, heavy civil, building construction, and lean construction courses at the undergraduate and graduate levels.  As an academic, who has spent years in the field, Dr. Pestana creates conditions for students to learn, bringing real world problems to the classroom and guiding students to organize information in a personally meaningful way, helping them grow and prepare for their career ahead.

Yelda Turkan

Yelda Turkan

Assistant professor of construction engineering: Research interests are centered on the areas of remote sensing, automation, and information technology applications for construction engineering and management, infrastructure asset management, and transportation. Her recent research projects have focused on building information modeling (BIM) for visualization and facility energy management; bridge information modeling (BrIM) for bridge inspections; and investigating how 3D laser scanning, and virtual design and construction (VDC) technologies can help improve project controls. Dr. Turkan’s teaching interests include virtual design and construction, engineering planning, project management in construction, planning and scheduling, and construction contracts and specifications.

Construction Graduate Program Alumni

Following their time at Oregon State, our students are often recruited by leaders in academia, government, and industry in order to make a positive impact around the globe. Here are a few of our recent graduates and their current positions:

  • Serey Raksa Moeung, Staff Engineer, Civil West Engineering Services, Inc. (MS, 2022)
  • Ziyu Jin, Assistant Professor, Colorado State University, (PhD, 2021)
  • Ola Al-Saffar, Baghdad, Iraq (MS, 2020)
  • Ali Karakhan, Faculty Member, University of Baghdad, Iraq (PhD, 2020)
  • Mohammed Azeez, Baghdad Governorate, Iraq (PhD, 2020)
  • Ding Liu, Lecturer, Qingdao Technical University, China (PhD, 2019)
  • Chukwuma (Chuma) Nnaji, Assistant Professor, Texas A&M University (PhD, 2018)
  • Kasim AlOmari, Associate Professor, University of Thi-Qar, Iraq (PhD, 2017)

224 Construction Essay Topic Ideas & Examples

🏆 best construction topic ideas & essay examples, 👍 good essay topics on construction, 📌 most interesting construction topics to write about, 💡 good research topics about construction, ✅ simple & easy construction essay titles, 📑 interesting topics to write about construction.

  • The Vernier Caliper Tool Construction and Usage It is worth to note that a vernier caliper has two pairs of jaws on the top and bottom sides as shown in the diagram below.
  • London Wembley Stadium Construction Project However, from a project management perspective, completing Wembley Stadium outside the allocated time and monetary resources amounted to failure of the project.
  • Safety at the Construction Sites As the supervisor and the employees heard the estimator fall, they hurried to the scene of accident. The manufacturers of the equipment should ensure that the equipments meets all the measures and standards set by […]
  • Villa Construction Project Management The project I have chosen is the construction of a villa. The aim of the project is to construct a villa and have it ready for use within three months.
  • The Crossrail Project’s Construction Process The case study report was written to review and analyze the current scheme of the Crossrail project in London to assist the Infrastructural Planning Committee of the Crossrail project.
  • House Construction Project Management The construction project is the basis of project scheduling and cost control. The project will increase the product portfolio of the company.
  • Method of Construction of Hydro Schemes In the first section, the construction techniques used in the construction of the dams and their hydropower stations are given in detail.
  • Project Charter for Construction of Football Pitch at Coventry University The main purpose of the project is to construct a high-tech football pitch for use of the students at Coventry University, which shall minimize the cost of renting playgrounds and avail easy access of the […]
  • Ethical Issues in Road Construction This issue needs to be considered in detail, including relying on the Code of Ethics and the Code of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.
  • Burj Khalifa Construction and Operation Cycle The task of creating the tallest construction in the world required designers, engineers, and constructors the creation of a new form and implementation of innovative technologies.
  • Construction of the Empire State Building The size of the building demanded for the erection of 64 elevators that could be used to convey people and materials up and down the construction.
  • Causes of Kuala Lumpur Abandoned Construction Projects Abandoned construction projects are characteristic of the Malaysian construction industry because different literatures have documented hundreds of projects abandoned in the city because of a myriad of reasons. 5 billion adds to the total number […]
  • Iron and Glass Construction During and After the Industrial Revolution The materials used in the construction of the Crystal Palace for the Great Exhibition building were glass, wood, and cast iron.
  • Risks in Construction Projects: Empire State Building The way the project managers in construction projects handle the identified risks is proportional to the success of the project. Depending on the nature of the project, the managers will come up with the possible […]
  • Risk Management in Construction Projects In terms of risk management, a risk plan created at the planning phase of a project helps in further identifying risks and developing a plan to mitigate them.
  • Holography Construction and Application The reference beam is represented by the electric field as One of the distinct properties of a hologram is that the hologram gets light from each part of the object in the setting.
  • Risk Management in Fly-Fishing and Construction Projects In this case, it is possible to think of the following risks: bad weather conditions, traumas, delays, damage to a boat, misroute. It is possible to think of the following risks: bad weather conditions, gas […]
  • Construction Solutions in Saline Environment The researcher concluded that, indeed, salinity is one of the major causes of concrete disintegration and reduces the durability of buildings in saline environments.
  • Medical Imaging Center Construction in Abra Minch Town, Ethiopia It will strike to keep its services focus local and tailoring its products to meet the communities’ demands and in a way that respects the cultures and traditions of the people.
  • Managing Construction: The Grenfell Tower Fire Analysis The Grenfell Tower led to a total of 72 deaths, even though there were speculations that this figure was altered due to the media clampdown on the anomalies surrounding the casualty reports. The Grenfell Tower […]
  • Risks in International Construction Projects The construction industry is one of the largest and most stable industries in the world, with the overall value of the industry ranging between 2.
  • Audi Car Dealership: Building and Construction Description Other issues discussed include: Site selection for the building Role of the building and the challenges encountered during the entire process of coming up with the wonderful structure Relationship between design, materials used and structural […]
  • Product Tanker: Construction Precedents and Structural Specifications The latter had a LOA of 56 meters, a beam of 8. Ludwig became the first to float a tanker of 104,500 long tons displacement.
  • The Construction Industry’s Microeconomic Analysis The construction industry is of great importance in the development of the state: the economic efficiency of related sectors of the economy is primarily ensured by the intensive development of construction.
  • Saudi Arabian Construction Industry: Delay and Poor Quality The development of the construction industry has widened the scope of the projects and by maintaining the overall profits for the country.
  • Saudi Oil & Gas Engineering, Procurement, Construction Due to the high level of dominance that Saudi has in the oil industry, the country plays a critical role in the determination of the world oil prices.
  • Procurement Methods of the Construction Projects The vital significance of procurement in the success of any project necessitate for deliberate measures and consideration in the selection of the most appropriate procurement method.
  • Building Design and Construction Methods This means that the ground where construction is intended to be put up must be strong enough to bear the weight of the building.
  • Globalisation in the Construction Industry The globalization of construction industry provides the opportunity for the Australian companies to enter the international market and deliver the projects, for example, in the Middle East or Africa.
  • Whole Life Costing vs. Life Cycle Cost in Construction The primary advantage of WLC is the analysis of the costs outside the scope of LCC. In other words, a thorough overview of non-construction costs, income, and externalities is crucial to determining the validity of […]
  • Arc de Triomphe. History. Construction Guillaume-Abel Blouet became, in 1832, the architect who finally finished the construction of the arch which was later devoted to the armies of the Revolution and the Empire.
  • The Bridge Construction Methods The prefabricated bridge component is a primary design of the accelerated bridge construction method for new construction project, renovations, and replacement work.
  • Emirates: Eco Friendly Construction The goal of advancing eco friendly principles in the UAE The concept of sustainable development is a direct response to the concerns for environmental degradation and the energy crisis.
  • Evolution of Construction Management From 1960s to Today Thus, the basic features of management within the scope of construction were visible already throughout the undertakings of the first people.
  • Construction Law: Review In the construction industry, different conditions, terms or elements exist to ensure that the contract is carried out in a well stipulated manner and that the parties are governed to act in the interests of […]
  • The UK Construction Industry’s Risk Management The construction industry is a major generator of waste, and accounts for 50% of the waste deposited in a typical landfill.
  • Pyramids of Giza and Their Construction Mystery One rather outstanding theory is the one proposing the use of ramps in the construction of the Pyramids. In this theory, Herodotus proposes that the stones used to construct the pyramids were lifted using a […]
  • Effect of Modern Methods of Construction MMC includes; Make use of more effective material Speed up hiring delivery Enable high standards of design quality Can help to reduce resource consumption It has often been regarded as a mean of improving quality, […]
  • Construction Bank of China: Workplace Analysis The leader focused on the best initiatives to understand the potential causes of the problem. The members of the team were empowered and encouraged to focus on the best outcomes.
  • UK Construction Industry: Structure and Competitive Strategies Used The UK construction industry is one of the core economic sectors, and the output of the industry is a component of the Gross Domestic Product.
  • Facade Constructions: Experience and Technology Advancements The project will cover the architectural detailing of the integrated facade system, the different forms of facades, and the performance of the system as well as the design of this system.
  • Procurement Opportunities in Construction Management The choice between the four types of procurement available in the construction industry leads to a sharp rise in the quality of the result.
  • Quality Assurance System in Construction On the other hand, it is required to recognize and deal with the risk of loss of value with the same vigilance as has been shown in dealing with the other difficulties so far.
  • Using Agile to Minimize Cost and Timeframe in Eiffel Tower Construction Eifel Tower is 1,067 feet tall and was a success from a financial and time perspective due to the use of the agile methodology in the construction process.
  • Road Construction With the Use of Asphalt One of the main reasons for the low prevalence of cement concrete roads is the lack of cement produced based on standardized clinker, which is used for constructing such road surfaces.
  • Building Materials and Technologies in Construction As shown in the figure below, the inconsiderate use of modern materials aggravated the damp problem in that particular building. During the visit, the team investigated the owners of the building to understand how the […]
  • Construction of Regular Polygons: Octagon The corners or vertices of a polygon are the positions where two of the lines of the polygon intersect. To obtain a single interior angle, then As illustrated, the following steps can be used to […]
  • Navigating the Construction of a 100-Bed Special Hospital In the project involving the construction of a 100-bed specialized hospital, key stakeholders include the government, which is the recipient or the customer of the project, regulatory bodies, union workers involved in the process of […]
  • Optimization of Modular Integrated Construction Logistics Both the research design and philosophy complement each other because the core of the research is the practicality of the observations, analyses, and recommendations.
  • A Trouble in the Truss Construction Shop Taking into account this factor, the breakdown of the truss and the damage to the employee demonstrate the unreliability of this design.
  • Construction Administration Code of Ethics They must also use their comprehension, skills, and proficiency to advance their operations and embrace education and transformation to be successful in the future.
  • Innovation and Technology in the Construction Industry Construction innovations continue to increase rapidly. Most innovations focus on automation.
  • Gender Inequality in the Construction Field It is important that the main actors in the sector understand that gender equality can help reduce the issue of shortage of skill that exists in that field.
  • Construction of a New Prison in New York The policies will describe when the need to apply force is suitable in the new facility. Once the facility has been established, the resulting impact on the victim’s family and the community will be accounted […]
  • Construction Procurement in Industrialised Building System At the very beginning, the authors of the article began with the definitions and background of the term procurement in the construction industry.
  • Forms of Contracts: Types of Construction Contracts Buyers and sellers agree on the total cost incurred in the process and combine it with the profits the contractor demands.
  • Discussion Against the Construction of Marvin Nichols Reservoir Personally, I also agree with the sensitization because the construction of the Reservoir would consume thousands of acres of land owned by the local residents.
  • Birdhouse Construction for Residential Application These birdhouses are customized to the needs of the client, the number and type of birds, and the weather conditions of the customer’s region.
  • Innovation in Construction: Green Technology Innovative solutions for buildings with low energy consumption are actively developed and introduced into modern practice.
  • New Atomic Power Plant Under Construction in Georgia This will cover the process right from the issuance of the construction permits, the construction process, the size of the output, the type of reactors to be used and the safety measures installed.
  • Exposition for the Application to Master in Construction and Real Estate Management at HTW Berlin Countries around the world have realized that the best way of managing the competitiveness of the market is to successfully government and private projects completed in time and as per the expectations.
  • International Engineering Procurement Construction The contractor will be responsible for assessing the design, procurement activities, the actual construction, commissioning and the handover to the owner or operator when the system is ready for operation to ensure that it is […]
  • Vulnerability in the Construction Industry: Revising Objectives in the Light of Cyber Threats Due to the possibility of misconfigurations in the management of the construction processes, the outcomes of cyberattacks on construction companies can be dire.
  • Construction Contract Dispute Adjudicator and Engineer Adjudicators According to their experience, a civil engineer adjudicator is able to review a construction project in order to ensure the process meets all the contract and code requirements. In general, adjudication is regarded as a […]
  • Naflos Investments: A World Number One Construction Company Naflos investments company is a dynamic and leading construction company wishing to expand its business investments into the far East.
  • Carbon Footprints and Transportation of Construction Materials The Carbon Footprint Protocol seeks to regulate the use of all materials that contribute to the increase in carbon dioxide levels, including that caused by the transportation of construction materials.
  • Environmental Degradation Impacts of Concrete Use in Construction There are various strains of concrete depending on the mode of production and the ratio of its components. To ensure the attainment of desired strength and durability, concrete undergoes the process of hydration.
  • Environmental Management for Construction Industry This high-level protection of the environment promotes eco-innovation, which leads to the improvement of the efficiency of the industry and employment opportunities.
  • Best Materials for Bi-Polar Plates Construction Investigations Moreover, any corrosion layer will lower the electrical conductivity of the bipolar plates and thus increase the potential loss of PEM fuel cells due to the high electrical resistance.
  • Pre-Construction Design Specifications: Water Piping Sub-System The criteria of complexity and implementation are related to the flexible PDS criteria of the system being powering set-up, repeatability of measurement, reduced temperature setup time, and progressive heating/cooling supply temperature.
  • Property Taxes Herb Construction Company This is because the taxes of the property are directly due to the development of the property. Therefore, Herb Construction Company should capitalize interest and property taxes of the hotel under construction.
  • Constitutional Law: Arbitration and Construction However, voluntary arbitration, as explained above, can either be binding or not, where non-binding arbitration is comparable to the ADR model of mediation, in the aspect that the decision made by the arbitrator cannot be […]
  • Privata in Construction Contract: Treaty Confidentiality Doctrine The parties to the contract have the right to enforce the contract in the event of infringement of its terms by any one of them.
  • Dubai Marriott Harbor Hotel: Construction Project This project is a real estate project and the cost of the structures includes the cost of land on which the project is constructed.
  • Construction: Sheathing, Steel Cutting and Concrete Slab Making for Corridors Sheathing, however, needs to conform to the ASTM standard requirements regarding the nails that are applied on the gypsum board. The GlasRoc board is designed for use in a roofing system that is mechanically attached […]
  • Mediation in the Construction Industry of the UAE Mediation is anchored on six major principles: voluntariness of the parties in determining the procedure, selecting the mediators, and final decision-making; confidentiality of the procedure and its outcomes; equality in the mediator’s relation towards the […]
  • Automation and Mechanization in Construction Without the use automation and mechanization technologies, productivity in the construction sites has been slow and tedious. Manual operations in the construction sites are to be blamed for the increase in waste and trims.
  • Automation and Mechanization and Improving Productivity in Construction Therefore, most researchers in the field of construction engineering are looking at the possibility of automating the safety procedures to reduce the exposure of people in the sites to accidents.
  • KLM Construction Company: Purchasing Strategies Companies in this industry are making use of technology to lower the cost of production, reduce the time of completing the projects, and improve the quality of the products they deliver to the market.
  • Design: Construction Also to be found on site, is the call forward sheets document that provides a summary of the programme and has details of the supplies needed, including the name and address of the supplier and […]
  • The Construction of Wood-Framed Residential Houses The first step in the pre-construction phrase is to acquire the piece of land where the house will be set up.
  • First New York Subway Construction Abstract Introduction Place, period, and size of the first New York subway Civilization and culture were prevalent during the construction How the first New York subway was constructed How Beach’s subway could be built […]
  • Construction and Culture: The Forestiere Underground Gardens in California The purpose of the study is to describe the construction of the Forestiere Underground Gardens, the civilization, architecture and culture at the time.
  • Unions in Construction Sites in Melbourne, Australia The contractor has to show the overall benefit of the construction and the adherence to the standard rates of remuneration to the construction workers.
  • Robotics in Construction: Automated and Semi-Automated Devices The robot is fitted with ultrasonic sensors that aid in positioning of the water jet in inclined areas and also the sensors determine the distance of concrete removal.
  • Tunnel Design and Construction in Rocks The aims of this project included: Looking at the practical use of skills and techniques in underground tunnel design and construction by undertaking a study on channel tunnel as a case study. Identifying the type […]
  • Insurance Policies and Covers in the Construction Industry This dissertation is aimed at exploring the insurance responses shown by construction firms in the industry in their attempt to reduce their exposure to inherent risks in the industry Insurance is a term that refers […]
  • Construction Industry International Comparative Analysis International comparative analysis also provides the basis for the formulation of hypotheses and in the selection of the analytical techniques to be used.
  • Software Tools in Construction: Design and Management of Projects Application of software is relevant in simulation and visualization of project scope, schemes projection, and monitoring of changes in plan in terms of cost and design.
  • Million Dollar Tort Case: Construction Negligence Lawsuit From this incident, it is clear that a construction negligence lawsuit would need a documented breach of duty to the contractor’s side.
  • Construction Industry Post-COVID-19 Challenges The scope and the scale of the impact depend on the location of the underlying projects and the respective businesses. Due to the general decline in the economic activities during the covid-19 pandemic, the financial […]
  • Museum Construction Stakeholder Analysis The purpose of this report is to justify the existence of the project and discuss the various stakeholders that will be involved in it.
  • Chicago School of Architecture: Construction Plan Tribune Tower, which was designed in the 1920s by John Mead Howells and Raymond Hood, is one of the clear examples of works of the first Chicago School of architecture known for being a […]
  • Environmental Planning: Dam Construction Environmental planning is when decision making is done to attain development of an area while giving due thought to factors that may include Mother Nature, economic policies and political aspects, governmental policies as well […]
  • Buildings Under Construction: Safety Issues The significance of the fire safety issue in buildings under construction can be also seen through the financial losses incurred by such incidents. The fire safety issues that might be involved in buildings under construction […]
  • Construction of a New Building for Newton University As a result of the construction of software and hardware laboratories which will be equipped with modern teaching and research equipment will be a plus to the already established ICT standards of Newton University.
  • Built Facility & Construction Industry Studies Below are the descriptions of these types of organizations: In this category the contractors are referred to as general contractors and these will generally build residential, industrial, commercial, and other related buildings in the industry.
  • Contingency in Construction Projects Once a total budget is set, project management should think in terms of the possible impact of different combinations: the extremes of spending the total budget, and the results expected from different combinations of each.
  • Business Economics & Management for Construction Therefore business economics and management in the construction industry can be looked at as the study and practice of the sum total of all the managerial and technological aspects that are involved in the construction […]
  • Construction Technology and Air Pollution Hot-list section has new and transferable technology and highlights the features that appeal to construction companies, specifies and designers, owners of the building and end users.
  • Construction Technology Is Reshaping the Industry Many procedures should be followed from the time the construction of the foundation of the house starts till the completion of the house.
  • The Framework of the Construction Industry The construction industry in the UK is having a period of strong growth. Regardless of the rapid growth of other sectors, the housebuilding sector makes up a huge part of the whole construction industry in […]
  • Construction Safety on Demolition Some of the measures that should be taken are proper regulation of the area by having competent personnel on such sites, inspecting the materials before the commencement of the demolition process, and having proper inspection […]
  • Engineering Communications: Eurotunnel Construction Its the second largest rail tunnel in the world and the longest undersea tunnel with a distance of 37.9 km. The construction of the tunnels was mostly done in the Chalk Marl, this was the […]
  • Underrepresentation of Women in the UK Construction Industry Consequently, it is unsurprising that about half of all construction workers in the UK report never having worked with a female manager.
  • International Construction: British Managers in Poland This paper includes a brief analysis of possible barriers to effective managerial communication during the construction of the complex in Poland and strategies to be employed to overcome these challenges.
  • Migrants’ Labor Rights in the Construction Industry To stop exploitation, improve the standards of labor and quality, and protect the lives of individuals forced to work in horrible conditions in foreign countries, the international standards of labor and the local legislation in […]
  • Mega Stadium Construction Projects The fact is that the complexity of the project comes from the high number of factors that should be taken into account with the primary purpose of achieving success and guaranty the in-time accomplishment of […]
  • JP Phentar: Construction Project Management Tools Due to the unique nature of the project, there is a need for the establishment of an effective managerial framework. One of the most crucial aspects of the construction project is the quality of work.
  • Construction Law: ALM Technology First, according to the original offer made by Southwest Supplier, Mounger Construction was to purchase the refrigerators at a price that is ten times higher than the sum which was presented on the signed invoice.
  • Ethylene Tetrafluoroethylene Construction Material ETFE is a fluoropolymer initially developed for the aerospace industry in the 1940s and eventually adopted for use in greenhouse construction due to its superiority over the glass.
  • The Construction Industry of Oman Based on the review of the literature and the survey, the study concludes that lack of coordination among the parties and changes in specifications by the owners are the important factors leading to variations.
  • 457 Visa Program Reintroduction to the Construction Industry The government seeks to reintroduce the labor-testing clause to the program. In the short term, there is likely to be a shortage of workers.
  • Risk Management in the Construction Industry The paper evaluates the appropriateness of several theories in the management of risks and uncertainties in construction in addition to the process of modeling the chosen risk factors using the new framework.
  • Williams Construction Co. vs. OSHA In this case, the violation of the Occupational Safety Health Act laws and regulations was the center of the legal procedure.
  • Claims in Public Construction Projects in Oman The inherent characteristics of construction projects present a number of risks associated with project execution and make the construction projects vulnerable to financial risks.
  • Materials and Resources in Construction and Design Wood is the material that is used to build constructions during the centuries because of the possibility to handle wood in many ways to receive the definite qualities of the material.
  • Blue Design Management: Construction Project Success The selection of this title is to show the reader that this research is to create and suggest a blue print on what is the best practice based on the literature, case studies and interviews, […]
  • Parsons Brinkerhoff Firm Recruiting Construction Manager To attract a large number of applicants, the company will advertise the position in the newspaper. To be successful, the company will take into consideration the existing laws in the foreign labor market.
  • Parsons Brinkerhoff Firm’s Construction Manager Training To ensure that the construction manager hired contributes towards the attainment of the firm’s goals, the manager will go through a training program after completion of the orientation.
  • Construction Products Company’s Development This report is based on the case study of Construction Products, and the aim of this report is to analyze the existing problems of the company to find out effective measures for the future development […]
  • Construction: “Who Invented Your House?” by Cavagh The article looks at the origin, as well as highlights the journey that the balloon frame has undergone over the centuries. According to the author, the current construction technique was coined “the balloon frame” in […]
  • Institutional and Legal Context for Construction The company was contractually obligated to build a product of high quality, and it is safe to assume that this would include all materials and their functioning.
  • The UK Construction Sector Evaluation The aim of this paper is to explain why it would be ethical for parents to relinquish some of these rights in order to maximize the welfare of the targeted children.
  • Robotics in Construction Management: Impacts and Barriers The assessment of the economic feasibility of the robotization of individual construction processes is based on cost analysis and the calculation of payback.
  • Green Urbanism in Malaysian Construction Industry The idea of the green city project is to shift the focus of attention away from the Garden City Concept itself and instead turn the only garden in the city into a “city-in-a-garden”.
  • Construction Market in the United Kingdom and London When it comes to the United Kingdom in general and London in particular, it is necessary to highlight that, due to the high degree of economic development of the country, some numerous institutions and associations […]
  • Professional Implications in the Construction Industry Most legal implications of one’s work are closely connected to the ethical ones, and the issues of these spheres are related to each other. In this business, the ethical and legal implications are related to […]
  • Construction Projects in China Since both projects are supposed to be signed with the leaders of the institutions that are under the state regulation, it can be assumed that the provisions of the Model Construction Project Contract are applicable […]
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40 Top Construction Management Topics for Presentation

Last Updated on June 20, 2023 by Admin

The sphere of construction management is vast and complex, a stimulating blend of project planning, cost control, resource allocation, time management, and more. For students, researchers, and professionals in this field, presentations can effectively share insights, showcase research findings, or present innovative ideas. This article offers a comprehensive guide to ‘construction management topics for presentation’, curated to suit various interests and specializations.

Table of Contents

Pushing the Boundaries of Construction: Research Topics and Ideas

Future of Sustainable Construction : With the world moving towards sustainability , research on constructing eco-friendly buildings can be an innovative topic for presentations. This topic can revolve around cost-effective construction methods, renewable materials, and strategies to reduce carbon footprint.

Role of Artificial Intelligence in Construction Management : AI and Machine Learning has already revolutionized the construction industry. Discussing their impact and focusing on project planning, cost estimating, and risk management would make a compelling presentation.

Smart Materials in Construction : Smart materials, such as self-healing concrete and transparent aluminum, are game-changers in construction. A presentation on their benefits and potential applications can be intriguing.

These topics can also be adapted into construction topics for research papers . The depth and analysis required would make them perfect for academic research. If you’re interested in digging deeper into this subject, you might want to consider the numerous research topics in construction management and research topics in construction technology available for further exploration.

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Practical Insights: Construction Management Reports

When dealing with practical applications and real-world case studies, referring to a construction management project report pdf can provide invaluable insights. These reports offer detailed analysis and data, which can augment your presentation’s quality and reliability.

If you’re more academically inclined, these research-focused presentation topics might pique your interest:

Advancements in Construction Techniques : A comprehensive review of the evolution and advances in construction methods could make an engaging topic.

Disaster Management in Construction : Discussing methods and materials for disaster-resilient construction could be topical and informative.

Use of Robotics in Construction : Robotics are increasingly being used in construction. Highlighting its role, benefits, and future applications can make a compelling presentation.

For those interested in the interplay between technology and construction, exploring these research topics in construction engineering and management could be truly rewarding.

Enriching your Construction Presentations: Extensive Topics and Ideas

The sphere of construction management is a dynamic field that offers a plethora of exciting topics for presentations. Our initial list was only the tip of the iceberg; this section expands on that by providing various compelling presentation topics.

Augmented Reality (AR) in Construction

AR can provide a new level of efficiency in construction management. Exploring its use in project visualization, error detection, and safety training could make an informative presentation. This Harvard Business Review article provides an in-depth look into AR’s potential to improve worker performance.

Internet of Things (IoT) and Construction

IoT’s potential in construction is vast, from remote operations to predictive maintenance. A presentation on this topic could delve into these applications and their benefits. You can find more about IoT in construction in this McKinsey report .

Green Construction and Energy Efficiency

As sustainability becomes increasingly important, exploring the techniques and materials used in green construction can be a relevant and impactful topic. This U.S. Green Building Council report can serve as a good reference.

Robotics and Automation in Construction

The advent of robotics and automation has revolutionized construction. A presentation could focus on their role, potential applications, and future in the construction industry. This article from Forbes provides insights into how robotics is set to transform the construction industry.

You can also check the construction management seminar topics ppt online for further reference, which can provide ready-made presentations and ideas. Similarly, seminar topics from broader fields, like civil engineering pdf and structural engineering pdf, can offer a more holistic understanding.

Power-Packed Seminar Topics: A Master List

1. Integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Internet of Things (IoT) for Smart Construction Management: This project explores the potential of combining BIM and IoT technologies to improve construction management processes. It aims to develop a framework that allows for real-time monitoring, analysis, and decision-making based on the data generated by IoT devices in the construction environment​.

2. The Impact of Modular Construction on Project Delivery and Cost Efficiency: This project investigates the benefits of modular construction in terms of project delivery and cost efficiency. It aims to compare traditional construction methods with modular approaches and provide recommendations for improving construction processes and reducing overall costs.

3. Implementation of Artificial Intelligence in Construction Risk Assessment and Mitigation: This project examines the application of artificial intelligence in identifying, evaluating, and mitigating risks in construction projects. The study will focus on developing AI-based tools and algorithms to enhance decision-making and increase the efficiency of risk management​.

4. Advancements in 3D Printing Technologies for Sustainable Construction: This project explores the latest advancements in 3D printing technologies for construction and their implications for sustainability. The study aims to analyze the potential benefits of 3D printing in construction projects and how it can reduce waste and improve resource efficiency​.

5. The Role of Big Data Analytics in Construction Project Management: This project investigates the potential of big data analytics in optimizing construction project management processes. It aims to develop a comprehensive understanding of the various data sources, analytical techniques, and tools that can be used to enhance decision-making and project outcomes​.

6. Enhancing Construction Safety through Virtual Reality (VR) Training : This project examines the effectiveness of using virtual reality (VR) technology for construction safety training. The study will evaluate the impact of VR-based training on workers’ understanding of safety procedures and their ability to identify and avoid potential hazards​.

7. Green Building Materials and Technologies : Assessing Their Potential in Sustainable Construction: This project evaluates the potential of various green building materials and technologies in promoting sustainable construction practices. It aims to analyze these materials and technologies’ performance, cost-effectiveness, and environmental benefits​ .

8. The Influence of Lean Construction Principles on Project Performance : This project investigates the impact of implementing lean construction principles on project performance. The study will analyze the key principles of lean construction and assess their effectiveness in reducing waste, improving productivity, and enhancing overall project outcomes​ .

9. Resilient Construction Practices for Climate Change Adaptation : This project examines the role of resilient construction practices in adapting to climate change. The study will focus on identifying innovative materials, technologies, and design strategies that can enhance the resilience of buildings and infrastructure to extreme weather events and other climate change-related risks​ .

10. The Future of Construction Robotics : Opportunities and Challenges: This project explores the current state of construction robotics and its future potential to transform the industry. The study will analyze the latest developments in construction robotics​ .

11. Lean Construction Management : Lean construction aims to reduce waste and increase project value. This topic covers the principles of lean construction, tools, and techniques, and real-life case studies.

12. Risk Management in Construction Projects : This topic would cover how to identify, analyze, and manage potential risks in a construction project. It can include strategies to mitigate these risks and case studies of successful risk management.

13. BIM (Building Information Modeling) : BIM is a critical component of modern construction management. Your presentation can discuss how BIM has revolutionized the planning and execution of construction projects.

14. Project Management Techniques in Construction : An analysis of various project management methods used in construction, their effectiveness, and when to use them, can be an enlightening seminar topic.

15. 3D Printing in Construction : Explore the transformative potential of 3D printing in construction. Discuss its benefits, challenges, and future implications. You can include case studies of successful implementations for greater impact.

16. Impact of Climate Change on Construction Practices: Discuss how climate change is affecting construction practices worldwide, and what measures are being taken to adapt to these changes. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change is a good resource for the latest research on climate change.

17. Prefabrication and Modular Construction : Delve into the rising trend of prefabrication and modular construction, discussing the advantages, challenges, and examples of their application in modern construction projects.

18. Digital Transformation in the Construction Industry: Discuss the different ways in which digital technologies are transforming construction processes and practices, from cloud computing to data analytics.

19. The Role of Drones in Construction : Explore the benefits and potential uses of drones in construction, such as surveying, monitoring, and inspection. Discuss some real-world examples and future prospects.

20. Innovations in Construction Safety Practices : Present an overview of the latest technologies and methods being used to improve safety on construction sites, from wearable tech to advanced training methods.

21. Women in Construction Management: Highlight the contributions of women in the field of construction management, discussing the challenges they face and the strategies for encouraging more women to enter the field.

22. Resilient Design in Construction : Talk about the importance of resilience in construction design, especially in response to natural disasters and climate change. Discuss techniques, materials, and strategies used to create resilient buildings.

23. Emerging Trends in Construction Law : Look at recent developments in construction law and regulations. Discuss their impact on construction practices and strategies for compliance.

24. Cost Control in Construction Projects : Discuss methods and strategies for effective cost control in construction projects. Consider real-life case studies to provide practical insights.

25. Sustainable Construction Practices : This could explore the latest strategies, materials, and techniques employed in sustainable building practices, referencing the guidelines provided by organizations such as the Green Building Council .

26. Quality Control and Assurance in Construction : Present on the different quality control and assurance techniques, their importance, and implementation in the construction industry.

27. Labor Relations in Construction Industry : Discuss the challenges and best practices for managing labor relations, worker’s rights, and construction unions.

28. The Future of Infrastructure : Explore upcoming trends in infrastructure development. Highlight anticipated technologies and discuss the integration of smart cities and IoT.

29. Construction Project Failure : Discussing why construction projects fail and preventive measures would make for a captivating presentation. Case studies could be used to illustrate key points.

30. Technological Disruption in Construction : How are emerging technologies disrupting traditional construction practices? Discuss in light of AI, Machine Learning, and Blockchain .

31. Construction Contract Management: This topic can delve into the complex nuances of managing contracts in construction projects, covering aspects like negotiation, risk management, and dispute resolution.

32. Impact of Political Factors on Construction Projects : Discuss how political stability, regulations, and government policies can impact construction projects, positively or negatively.

33. Value Engineering in Construction : Explore the concept of value engineering, its application in construction projects, and its benefits and challenges.

34. Construction Waste Management : Discuss strategies for reducing, recycling, and managing waste in construction projects, highlighting its environmental and economic benefits.

35. Urban Planning and Construction: Discuss the intersection of urban planning and construction and how effective planning can lead to more successful construction projects.

36. Accessibility in Building Design : Discuss the importance of inclusive and accessible design in modern construction, regulations, and guidelines around accessibility.

37. Ethical Issues in Construction Management : Ethical considerations are increasingly important in the construction industry. Discuss common ethical dilemmas and best practices for ethical construction management.

38. Renovation vs. New Construction : Discuss the pros and cons of renovation versus new construction, considering factors like cost, sustainability, and historic preservation.

39. Construction Project Risk Assessment : How do construction managers assess and mitigate risk? A presentation on this could delve into risk identification, assessment methods, and mitigation strategies.

40. Circular Economy in Construction : With increasing concerns over environmental sustainability, the concept of a circular economy – which emphasizes the need for the continuous reuse and recycling of resources – has gained significant attention. A presentation on this topic could delve into the principles of a circular economy, its relevance to the construction industry, its challenges, and examples of construction companies already applying these principles. This topic would be both timely and highly relevant to contemporary discussions about environmental sustainability in the construction industry.

Each topic represents a current, relevant aspect of construction management, offering opportunities for deep exploration and stimulating discussion. As you delve into these topics, remember to make your presentation or paper dynamic, engaging, and filled with well-researched information. Happy presenting!

Essential Sections for a Comprehensive Construction Presentation

To make your presentation more organized and impactful, consider including the following sections:

Introduction

Start with a brief overview of your topic. Explain why it’s relevant in today’s context.

Literature Review

Review what other researchers or experts have said about your topic. This will show your depth of understanding and provide a background to your presentation.

Methodology

If your presentation involves original research, describe your methodology. Explain how you gathered and analyzed your data.

Results/Findings

Present your findings in an organized manner. Use graphs, charts, and images to make your audience’s understanding easier.

Discuss what your findings mean in the larger context of your topic.

Summarize your findings and their implications. End with a powerful closing statement that will leave a lasting impression on your audience.

List all your sources to add credibility to your presentation.

Wrapping Up: Making Your Construction Presentations Impactful

You can craft an insightful presentation with these additional topics and essential sections. Remember, an effective presentation is not just about content; it also depends on how you deliver it. So, prepare well, speak with confidence, and impress your audience with your depth of knowledge and understanding.

Remember, construction is an evolving field. As technology advances and our world changes, new topics will emerge. Stay updated with the latest trends; you’ll always have fresh, relevant topics for your presentations. Good luck!

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There are numerous essential topics in construction management, including project management, cost estimation and control, scheduling, quality assurance, safety management, sustainable construction practices, and the integration of emerging technologies like AI, IoT, and AR in construction.

The seven types of construction management, often categorized based on the nature of the construction projects, are: 1. Residential Construction Management 2. Commercial Construction Management 3. Industrial Construction Management 4. Environmental Construction Management 5. Public Works Construction Management 6. Agricultural Construction Management 7. Civil Construction Management

Four critical types of management in construction include: 1. Project Management: Oversees the planning, coordinating, and execution of a construction project from inception to completion. 2. Quality Management: Ensures that construction output meets the project’s quality requirements. 3. Risk Management: Identifies, assesses, and mitigates risks associated with the construction project. 4. Safety Management: Implements measures to ensure the safety of workers and prevent accidents on the construction site.

The four main objectives of construction management are: 1. Completing the project within the stipulated budget. 2. Ensuring the project is completed within the scheduled timeframe. 3. Maintaining the quality standards as per the project’s requirements. 4. Guaranteeing safety standards are upheld throughout the project duration.

There are several exciting topics for presentations in construction management. Some include sustainable construction practices, the role of AI in construction, impact of climate change on construction practices, digital transformation in the construction industry, and the advent of 3D printing in construction. Check our comprehensive blog post for a more exhaustive list.

There are multiple authoritative sources for construction management research, such as academic journals (like the Journal of Construction Engineering and Management), industry reports, and white papers. Additionally, resources like Google Scholar, IEEE Xplore, and databases from various universities can provide valuable information. Be sure to cite your sources accurately and appropriately in your research paper.

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construction research topics

Construction Technology Research Paper Topics

Academic Writing Service

This list of construction technology research paper topics  provides the list of 18 potential topics for research papers and an overview article on the history of construction technology.

1. Building Acoustics

An important element in a properly functioning building is correct building acoustics. Achieving a low level of background noise in a classroom, for example, will ensure that the teacher’s voice is audible; the sounds of an orchestra will be optimal in a concert hall with proper acoustics. The systematic study of room acoustics began at the end of the nineteenth century, and consequently a scientific understanding of building acoustic design is almost entirely a twentieth century phenomenon.

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The means to achieve low noise levels in buildings were developed during the twentieth century. One of the greatest differences between old and new auditoriums is the low noise levels achieved in those built from the mid-twentieth century onward. Noise from external sources can enter a room through vibration paths (structure-borne transmission) or can pass directly into the building through adjacent walls (airborne transmission). Where very low noise or vibration levels are needed in auditoriums, recording studios, and operating theaters, vibration isolation (springs and resilient materials) are used, as are physical breaks in vibration paths. Airborne noise is reduced by the use of constructions such as double partitions separated by air gaps containing absorbent materials. The failure to achieve the desired background noise levels is often due simply to poor workmanship.

The biggest influence that electronics has had on building acoustics has been the computer. Sophisticated computer-based instrumentation has allowed accurate measurement of building acoustics. Computer-based prediction models have enabled the improved understanding and design of acoustic technologies, from building elements to the whole rooms. Much of the mathematics used by acoustic engineers was developed in the nineteenth century, but this has only been exploitable at the end of the twentieth century using computers. There was also increased interest in virtual acoustic prototypes, which would allow building acoustics to be listened to in virtual environments, allowing nonacoustic experts to more readily understand the principles of good acoustic design.

2. Building Designs for Energy Conservation

In most countries in the twentieth century, the energy consumed in buildings represented a substantial proportion of nationwide energy consumption. In higher latitude regions, the majority of this energy demand has historically been energy for homes to provide space heating, followed by energy for hot water, for powering appliances, and for lighting. In nondomestic buildings in these regions the demand has historically been dominated by electricity for lighting, appliances, and ventilation and cooling. While space and water heating can be the largest proportion of household energy consumption, electricity consumption can be as important in terms of upstream CO2 emissions if it is generated in a fossil fuel electricity generating station. Architects, builders, and engineers have struggled to balance the demand for energy, particularly in the industrialized countries that are heavily energy dependent, with environmental and cost concerns. The oil crisis of 1973, following an embargo of oil directed primarily against the U.S. by Middle Eastern oil-producing companies, and the OPEC oil crisis of 1979 was the end of the era of cheap energy. Energy conservation emerged as a concern for both designers and consumers, particularly in countries solely dependent on imported oil. The government in Korea, for example, asked people to ‘‘think poor,’’ reduced the number and size of electric light bulbs in government and corporate buildings, and discouraged the use of elevators, air conditioning, and street lighting. Later policies supported use and development of energy conservation technologies. In the U.S. and also in Japan, large-scale research and development funding resulted in building guidelines and technologies for energy conservation.

3. Concrete Bridges

A complex interplay between societal change, the development of the internal combustion engine, and the impact of World War I, led to an explosion in the number of road vehicles in the immediate postwar years—and a totally inadequate nineteenth century legacy of roads to accommodate them. Following the first International Road Congress in 1923, vast and expensive road-building programs were undertaken in the U.S. and Europe, particularly in Germany, during the 1930s. After World War II highway construction continued to grow in an attempt to keep pace with the popularity of the car for private transport. Concrete—strong in compression but weak in tension—is not particularly satisfactory as a running surface. It can easily crack, unlike tarmac, though in the 1960s its use as a surface did become widespread. Otherwise, however, concrete became omnipresent in twentieth century road construction, and in the myriad of bridges, large and small, associated with highway networks.

4. Concrete Shells

Of all the developments in the structural engineering of buildings in the last century, the concrete shell was surely the most spectacular. It provided the means of covering vast areas with a shell of reinforced concrete just a few centimeters thick. Like most developments in building engineering, the origins of shell structures have many strands. Roman engineers constructed domes and barrel vault roofs made of brick or concrete spanning of up to 40 meters, but these were relatively thick— over a meter at their thinnest part. In Gothic cathedrals, at up to 20 meters, spans were more modest but they were often much thinner—as little as 200 millimeters. There were also vernacular precedents, most prominently the thin tile vaults widely used in Catalonia from the seventeenth century which, made using quick-setting gypsum mortar, had the advantage that they could be built without the need for a supporting structure during construction. The idea was exported to the U.S. and patented in the late nineteenth century by Guastavino who used them in many hundreds of buildings, including a spectacular roof at the Pennsylvania Railway station.

5. Construction Equipment

Although the focus of much twentieth century construction work was on road building, there was foundation work for buildings of all sizes, as well as civil engineering projects such as dams. The horse-drawn graders and scrapers used for leveling work on these undertakings during the first decades of the century had changed little from their nineteenth century origins. The first entirely new machine to appear was a tractor, which moved on crawler tracks and was used for towing earthmovers. It evolved from a wheeled, gasoline-powered agricultural tractor designed by Benjamin Holt in 1908 for use on the soft farmland of California.

The hydraulically operated excavator—a descendant of the steam shovel and the succeeding power shovel—was introduced in Germany in 1954. Up to that time, the control functions of power shovels were through cables. The industry’s embrace of the excavator with components roughly analogous to the human arm and hand and a fluidity of movement to match was so thorough that power shovels were no longer used as a construction tool.

Of the many versatile machines developed during the early 1950s, the wheeled loader—also known as a front-end loader, bucket loader, or tractor shovel—was an immediate and widespread success. The nimble and highly maneuverable rubber-tired tractor with front-mounted hydraulically controlled bucket could be used to dig, lift, and quickly fill waiting dump trucks. The versatility and value of these machines increased tremendously in the mid-1950s when JCB in Britain and Case in the U.S. marketed factory-made units in which tractor loaders were joined with the boom, dipperstick, and bucket of the backhoe. The loader or backhoe became the most widely used tool on small-scale building projects.

For thousands of years, dam and water storage technologies have allowed civilizations to flourish in parts of the world where dry climates would otherwise limit human settlement. As early as 3000 BC, civilizations along the Tigris, Euphrates, Ganges, and Nile Rivers constructed earth and stone dams across these large rivers. These structures allowed them to store water for agriculture and create complex societies on that basis.

A dam consists of a mass of earth, timber, rock, concrete, or any combination of these materials that obstructs the flow of water. A dam can either divert water or store it in a reservoir, the artificial body of water that a dam creates. Diversion dams (weirs) raise the elevation of a river and divert water into a canal for transport to a mill, power plant, or irrigated field. Storage dams impound water in a reservoir.

There are three major types of dams—gravity, arch, and buttress. Gravity dams rely for stability on their weight to resist the hydrostatic, or water, pressure exerted by the reservoir. Arch dams, built along arcs that curve upstream into reservoirs, are most commonly found in narrow canyons with hard rock foundations. The arch dam transmits the horizontal water thrust to the abutments. Multiple arch dams consist of a number of single arches supported by buttresses. Like gravity dams, buttress dams rely on gravity for stability, but require less material than standard gravity structures. They resist hydrostatic loads by using the same engineering principles of the flying buttresses that braced the high walls of Gothic cathedrals.

7. Experimental Stress Analysis

This branch of technology deals with the means of measuring strains in materials under load and, from these strains, inferring the stresses actually endured by the material. The fundamental idea underlying the design of all components of structures and machines that must carry loads is that the stress in the material should be less than, or equal to, a certain prescribed level.

Unfortunately, it is not possible to measure stress directly. Stress values inside a material must be calculated using mathematical models of both the structure and properties of the material of which it is made. When fundamental material properties such as strength and stiffness (Young’s modulus) are experimentally tested, the structure is kept very simple—a wire for tests in tension or a supported beam for tests in bending. Measurements of load and the extension or deflection of these structures are then used to calculate internal stresses for simple tension or compression and for simple bending theory in the case of beams. Modern high-speed computers have enabled more complex mathematical models and have rendered complicated structures amenable to theory.

8. Fire Engineering

The term ‘‘fire engineering’’ has gained growing acceptance in the construction industry only since the 1980s. However, the need for buildings that protected both the occupants and the structures themselves in case of fire has existed for 2000 years. Various modeling techniques, together with a full risk analysis of a fire situation, are now collectively called ‘‘fire engineering’’ and represent what has been, perhaps, a quiet revolution in building design. Yet without it, we would not have the dramatic, exposed-steel structures that are now a relatively common sight. The Pompidou Center in Paris, conceived in the early 1970s, was one of the first such buildings (Figure 6). The ability to model the fire load and the structural response to this load allowed the design engineers to adopt the unusual idea of achieving fire resistance by filling the main columns with water which, in a fire, would be pumped around to remove heat from the steel to prevent it heating up too quickly. More common nowadays are the many buildings in which exposed steel can be used in a rather understated way, and the fire engineering approach to design can mean that the need for applied fire protection can be avoided altogether.

9. Long Span and Suspension Bridges

From the beginning of the twentieth century, bridge spans in excess of 300 meters became increasingly common. Depending on considerations of location, use, and loading—not to mention aesthetic and engineering aspiration—these could be suspension, arch, or cantilever structures. When spans of 1000 meters or more began to be contemplated from around 1930 however, a suspension bridge was the only answer. The breakthrough structure was New York’s George Washington Bridge; its clear span of 1067 meters almost doubled that of the previous record-holder, the 564-meter Ambassador Bridge in Detroit completed only two years earlier. Nonetheless, within a few years the leading edge of enterprise had passed to the West Coast, with the simultaneous construction of the San Francisco Bay Bridge complex (twin 704-meter suspension spans plus a tunnel and a cantilever), and the 1280-meterspan Golden Gate Bridge, opened in 1937.

10. Oil Rigs

Although historical accounts exist that describe oil and natural gas drilling techniques in ancient Mesopotamia and China, modern oil rig drilling has its roots primarily in salt-boring technology. By AD 350, China was constructing salt drilling wells that ran as deep as 900 meters into the ground. In the nineteenth century, Europe and the U.S. began importing this salt drilling technology from China. George Bissell, an American entrepreneur, realized that salt-boring techniques could be applied to the drilling for oil. Bissell and other investors hired Edwin Drake to construct and oversee rigs designed for oil drilling. Their venture proved successful when on 27 August 1859, Drake struck oil in Titusville, Pennsylvania.

11. Power Tools and Hand-Held Tools

While the basic hand tools—hammers, saws, planes, and wrenches—used in construction during the twentieth century changed little from those available for generations, there was a revolution in power tools. Developments in power technology led to the mechanization of tools of all types. Coupled with efforts to use new materials that made tools both lighter and more manageable, construction work became more efficient and cost effective.

How tools were used and their impact on the user, led to changes in the design of many handles, grips, and triggers. Concern for the overall weight of tools led to a greater use of plastics and alloys. The distribution of weight within tools led to some overall redesigns in which centers of gravity were repositioned for better balance. The 1990s was a period during which the ergonomics of hand and power tools were scrutinized.

12. Prefabricated Buildings

Prefabricated buildings are assembled from components manufactured in factories. They differ in several ways from ‘‘stick-built’’ structures which are fabricated entirely on site. Typically, prefabricated components are mass produced out of the weather on indoor assembly lines. This method insures that parts can be replicated countless times with little or no variation. Economies of volume reduce costs, and precision measuring and cutting by stationary machine tools lessens waste. As work takes place on assembly lines, it is subject to constant inspection and quality control. Component assemblies made in immovable fixtures and forms further ensure that the finished work is precise and true. Thus, the quality of buildings made from parts fabricated on assembly lines has far greater chance of being accurate and uniform than those made in the field.

13. Reinforced Concrete

Reinforced concrete was in its infancy at the opening of the twentieth century, but it was very quickly adopted worldwide as an economic and versatile construction material. Employing fairly basic materials—sand, crushed stone or gravel, cement, and steel—it found use in all the existing aspects of construction, including buildings, roads, bridges, dams, reservoirs, and docks. It also served the century’s new applications, such as air raid shelters and the pressure vessels of nuclear reactors. By the end of the twentieth century, concrete in its various forms—plain, reinforced, and prestressed— was probably the most widely used construction material in the world.

14. Skyscrapers

Skyscrapers are the world’s tallest buildings. One-hundred-eighty- and 200-meter-high buildings that were considered to be exceptionally tall in 1910 were overshadowed by skyscrapers of more than 300 meters in a matter of 20 years. Advances in construction techniques enabled engineers to build ever-taller structures throughout the twentieth century. However, the principle reasons for erecting exceptionally tall buildings changed little over time. Densely populated cities with escalating land values called for maximum utilization of available space, and tall buildings are one of the most economical means of assembling large numbers of workers in one place. While the majority of skyscrapers were built for the profits they could generate, other reasons included self-aggrandizement, prestige, image, and recognition.

15. Steel Bridges

Though techniques for smelting steel had been known in principle since antiquity, only from the mid-nineteenth century did its large-scale production as a practical structural material become a reality. Stronger than wrought iron and more ductile than cast iron, its superior qualities were exploited in three great steel bridges, each in a different structural system, built between 1870 and 1890. The triple-arch St. Louis Bridge in Missouri, with its two levels for road and rail, the suspension Brooklyn Bridge in New York, and the double-cantilever Forth Rail Bridge in Scotland neatly prefigured the resourcefulness with which twentieth century bridge engineers would continue to exploit the material in long-span structures. With growing understanding of the structural potential of steel, and improvements in its tensile strength and other properties, bridges continued to progressively increase in span.

16. Timber Engineering

Timber engineering is the technology of creating wood products not found in nature. Manufactured lumber has characteristics superior to those found in its individual components. Glued layers of hardwoods or veneers were used for decoration by the ancient Egyptians. The first plywood made from layers of softwood was developed in the early twentieth century. In 1905, the directors of Portland, Oregon’s Lewis & Clark Exposition asked the Portland Manufacturing Company to devise for display some new and unusual wood product. To bring attention to the region’s rich timber resources, the company manufactured the first Douglas fir plywood.

Appeal for the product was immediate and worldwide in scope. Mills everywhere produced thin rectangular sheets of the lightweight wood product. Assembled so that the grain of each ply alternated direction by 90 degrees, it was strong, warp resistant, dimensionally stable, and did not split. It was useful in such applications as door panels, drawer bottoms, crates, trunks, and partitions. If the material had one shortcoming, it was the tendency to delaminate when exposed to dampness. Adhesives were not waterproof and early plywood was limited to interior or protected exterior use.

17. Tunnels and Tunneling

The history of tunnel construction goes back to the ancient civilizations of the Incas, Babylonians, Persians, and Egyptians, and therefore considerable experience in the construction of tunnels had already been gained worldwide by the beginning of the twentieth century. Tunnels were constructed to allow transportation through barriers (mountains, underground or underwater). In a country such as Switzerland or Canada, of which substantial parts are mountainous, tunnels were crucial for the development of a transportation infrastructure, and by the end of the nineteenth century the number of railway tunnels had greatly increased.

The optional methods for constructing tunnels increased in the twentieth century. The development of new methods and the improvement of existing ones were stimulated by the rapid increase of car traffic and the need for roads, for which new tunnels were needed. The choice for a particular way in a certain situation depends on the sort of material through which the tunnel is to be constructed. The most important difference is between hard rock and soft material. Besides that, the length and diameter of the tunnel has an influence on this choice. For allowing a sophisticated choice, geologic investigations into the behavior of the ground mass and the ground water are needed in an early stage of the tunnel project.

18. Vertical Transportation

Despite the popular concept that the elevator was born at the Crystal Palace Exposition, it actually originated in New York City in 1853 when inventor Elisha Graves Otis first successfully demonstrated his revolutionary new concept—the elevator safety gear or break—which was to allow passengers to travel with safety. The true modern passenger elevator was conceived due to a catastrophic event in 1871 known as the Great Chicago Fire, when a three-day fire razed the city to a desolated wilderness on the plains of Illinois. This fateful day on the 8 October 1871 pinpoints exactly the beginning of the modern elevator.

Construction Technology and Constructed World

Construction Technology

That what might be constructed is not just products, processes, or systems, but a whole world, is an idea of unique twentieth century provenance. Although its most prominent manifestations are undoubtedly in relation to technology, during the 1900s the concept of construction increasingly became the basis for interpretations of art, architecture, psychology, education, economics, politics, ethics, knowledge, and even mathematics. From the vantage point of such a comprehensive if eclectic constructivism, all of human history is prefatory to an ethos of world fabrication that has been influenced by and in turn influences contemporary technology.

Despite, or perhaps because of, the overwhelming prominence of human construction in the twentieth century—from consumer goods through buildings to cities, from macroscale projects such as the U.S. Interstate Highway system and the European Channel Tunnel to genetic engineering and nanoscale mechanics, also including the unintended anthropogenic impacts on global biodiversity and climate—there exists no systematic overview of the world as an artifact. Instead, the (intentional and unintentional) complexity of the constructed world has thus far been conceived only piecemeal through a plurality of analytic and reflective approaches, among them history, architecture, urban planning, product design, and a diversity of related issues.

The history of such humanoid constructions courses over a million-year trajectory in which artifice remained subordinate initially to direct relations with nature (in hunting and gathering cultures) and then to social organization (in the rise of those axial civilizations characterized by farming and literacy in Mesopotamia, Egypt, and India). This broad distinction between artifice subordinate into natural and social milieux remains defensible even when qualified by the evidence for large-scale human terraforming, perhaps unintentional, prior to the development of literacy.

Mythological assessments of human construction include the stories of Abel and Cain (Genesis 4), the Tower of Babel (Genesis 11), Prometheus, Icarus, and more. Philosophical efforts to assess the relationship began with Plato’s critique of techne practiced independently of wisdom (Gorgias) and Aristotle’s implicit distinction between cultivation and construction. For Aristotle, the primary technai are those that cultivate nature, thereby helping her bring forth more fruitfully that which she is in principle able to bring forth on her own: the arts of agriculture, medicine, and education. Of real but subordinate interest are the constructive arts that produce artifacts such as structures, roads, and ships. Indeed, one way to frame the trajectory of human history over the last 5000 years is from cultivation to construction.

Certainly modernity arose in the fifteenth century in part as a conscious attempt to privilege constructive invention over cultivation. Francis Bacon, among others, called not just for the cultivation of nature but its systematic transformation, and cited as paradigmatic inventions to be imitated the printing press, gunpowder, and the compass. Galileo Galilei and others likewise proposed an augmentation of the human senses by means of the telescope, microscope, and related scientific instruments. It is the new commitment to inventive reconstruction in both the laboratory and the world that formed the basis for an historical emergence two centuries later of the Industrial Revolution. Indeed, the twentieth century in particular has witnessed the instrumentalization of the human sensorium that began in the laboratory and went public to alter the means of communication in commerce, politics, and entertainment (telephone, motion pictures, radio, television, and the Internet).

This historically unprecedented degree of technical mediation by means of tools, machines, and information technologies undermines all efforts to apply to the twentieth century the characterization of previous epochs by reference to the distinctive material substrates (Stone Age, Bronze Age, Iron Age, etc.). Although proposals have been made to describe the 1900s as the age of electricity, the atomic age, or the computer age, in truth it is more accurate to define the century not in terms of some specific technology but simply as the technological age—with diverse and ever-diversifying technologies serving as multiple means of world construction.

Even more reflective of the distinctive twentieth century consciousness of the world as construction is the effort to complement retrospect with prospect to forecast what will happen next: technological change, if not progress. Futurology, with roots in prophetic sociology and science fiction, has nevertheless proved largely ineffectual. Relying more on trend analysis and imagination, it fails to engage the constructors themselves or to bring under effective economic or political directives the operative means operative for shaping the future.

Architecture

Efforts to go beyond futurology to develop a systematic analysis of the constructive elements in human affairs that might engage political and economic power grew out of the tradition of reflective building that finds classic expression in De Architectura by Vitruvius (circa 90–20 BC). Originally architecture designated the art of the master builder of the primary structures of the city (temples, palaces, monuments) and the layout of urban spaces in a manner that would reflect cultural ideals about the cosmic place and relations of humans. According to architectural historian Vincent Scully (1991) human builders have two basic options: to imitate natural forms or to oppose them. Compare, for instance, the architecture of indigenous peoples of the southwestern U.S., whose horizontal and earth-toned pueblos blend into a landscape defined by geological sedimentation and erosion, with the vertical thrust of those archetypical twentieth century buildings known as skyscrapers that dominate the cityscapes of Chicago or New York. On the ground, likewise, the modern city is laid out not to conform with a typology and the variegated paths of animal ambulance but as a block grid that extends into an instrumentally surveyed countryside, imposing simplification and legibility over the complex and intimate contours of rivers and mountains. Indeed, as Mumford (1961) states, as the constructed world became more and more extensive, the ‘‘city that was, symbolically, a world’’ was superceded by ‘‘a world that has become, in many practical aspects, a city.’’

Twentieth century transformations in the architecture of the constructed world have been driven by changes in materials, energy, transport and communication, and the commodities of peace and war. The first three achieved during the mid-1900s the apotheosis of developments with roots in the Industrial Revolution. Traditional construction materials such as wood and brick first became standardized and mass produced (e.g., dimensioned lumber), and then superceded as structural elements by iron, steel, and reinforced concrete; coal as an industrial energy source was complemented by oil, gas, and then nuclear power, with energy distribution and end-use itself accumulating from the mechanical and chemical to the electrical and electronic; alongside pre-twentieth century boats and railroads there moved with increasing speed and numbers the inventions of automobiles and airplanes, while communication networks competed with those of transportation to make human world construction a dynamic planet-covering web. The 1960s images of the earth from space, with lighted continents and pollution plumes, visually defined the paradox of multiple-scale human dominance and its responsibilities—even, some argued, its limits.

Focusing first on the static aspects of this dominance, structural engineer David Billington (1983) has analyzed the influence of the new materials of steel and reinforced concrete on structures. For Billington, twentieth century structures are defined by the intersection of three factors: efficiency, (i.e., the scientifically guided pursuit of minimal materials use); economy, the market-monitored effort to reduce monetary cost; and the understated achievement of elegance through maximum symbolic expression (given the least amount of materials and cost). In structures of spare democratic utility such as bridges, tall buildings, and free-spanning roofs over industrial workplaces and warehouses, aircraft hangers, and sports complexes, architectural engineers came into their own.

Structural designers give form to objects that are of relatively large scale and of single use, and . . . see forms as the means of controlling the forces of nature to be resisted. Architectural designers . . . give form to objects that are of relatively small scale and of complex human use, and . . . see forms as the means of controlling the spaces to be used by people [D. Billington, 1983, p. 14].

Bridges can be designed by engineers without architects; houses by architects without engineers. The engineered integration of efficiency and economy is realized in an esthetic of structural simplicity and thinness, as illustrated by the prestressed concrete bridges of Robert Maillart in Switzerland, the exposed steel tube x-bracing of Fazlur Kahn’s John Hancock Center in Chicago, and the ribbed-concrete dome of the Palazzetto dello Sport by Pier Luigi Nervi in Rome.

Unlike structural engineering, early twentieth century architecture was less able to achieve an esthetic integration of science and democratic commerce, in part because it had to contend with well-established traditions of symbolic expression of the built world: the political iconography of Greek and Roman columns, the religious expression of the church spire, the solid facade of the bank, the decoration of Victorian domesticity. As the world-city emerged, architecture found itself caught in a cross-fire between scientific rationalism, industrial commercialism, and poetic romanticism— unclear which way to turn. The fundamental choice appeared to be between acceptance of technology or opposition to it. The winning synthesis was to take the scientifically rationalized artifact, that is, the machine, as an ideal for commercial exploitation and esthetic adaptation. In the architectural profession—itself now internally split into engineer, architect, and construction worker—this synthesis became a search for ways to design buildings that organized space in such a way as to parse human interactions into appropriate routines and to reduce resistance to their rapid interactions while minimizing the labor of construction of buildings for assembly lines, business offices, and large urban populations. The uniquely twentieth century architecture of these ubiquitous constructions, so named by a 1932 exhibition at the New York City Museum of Modern Art, was an ‘‘International Style’’ whose principles were an emphasis on ‘‘volume rather than mass,’’ ‘‘regularity rather than axial symmetry,’’ and the proscription of all ‘‘arbitrary applied decoration.’’ This style, also known as modernism, was the first truly original building form since the rise of twelfth century Gothic.

The international style rejects the building patterns of premodern cultures (Greek, Roman, Gothic) in favor of shapes grounded in the efficient use of new materials and energies. Although steel and concrete were used initially to imitate Roman columns and Gothic arches, just as electric lights were first made to look like candles or gas lamps, in short order both became a flexible means for the design of indeterminate space and openness instead of determinate mass and enclosure. Geometric simplicity stripped of all ornamentation and standardized in modular forms at all levels, from structural members to external facade and finishing elements, contributed both to ease of construction and functional utilization.

Two leaders of this international modernism were Walter Gropius and Le Corbusier. Gropius, as the director of the Bauhaus in Germany, an engineering and product design school of great influence, eagerly embraced the machine esthetic in both buildings and their furnishings. Le Corbusier likewise condemned traditional building, redefined the house as ‘‘a machine for living in,’’ and promoted the construction of whole cities of high-rise concrete apartment houses in repeating blocks connected by open roadways. The high-rise building made possible by the steel frame and electric elevator became a progressively simplified form, as illustrated by the now destroyed World Trade Center towers in New York and the Sears Tower in Chicago, emblematic of that modernist international architecture that dominated the first half of the twentieth century.

Without wholly rejecting the international style, the second half of the century nevertheless witnessed a rising attraction of more complex and interesting architectural spaces—an attraction most visually manifest in a postmodern ironic complexity that playfully revived traditional forms layered over the retained modernist structural elements. The popularity of postmodernism had, however, a counterpoint in the discovery and defense of vernacular architecture.

Urban Planning

As indicated, the constructed world consists not just of structures designed by architects but of cities, including urban and suburban systems, linked with transportation and communication networks across landscapes constructed for farming, recreation, and preservation. Although architecture classically included issues of city design, urban planning has in the twentieth century become an independent profession, due to the manner of engineering and construction work.

At the beginning of the century, urban planner Ebenezer Howard proposed a vision of the garden city at odds with what would emerge as the international style. For Howard the problem of increased urban population was not to be solved simply by efficient modular housing inspired by the standardization and interchangeability of parts and machine construction, but by recognizing what he called the ‘‘twin magnets’’ of the town and the country. The benefits of towns are high wages, sociability, and culture, yet at the cost of high prices and congestion. The countryside is the source of natural beauty and quiet, at the risk of boredom and lack of aspirations.

But neither the Town magnet nor the Country magnet represents the full plan and purpose of nature . . . . Town and country must be married, and out of this joyous union will spring a new hope, a new life, and new civilization [E. Howard 1965 [1902], p. 48].

This utopian vision became a major basis for criticism of the rationalist esthetic of high modernist architecture. Whole new small, mixed-use towns exhibiting an interweave of superblocks with narrower loop streets and cul-de-sacs instead of the repeating box grid were actually constructed in, for instance, Letchworth and Welwyn, England, and Radburn, New Jersey. Such experiments failed to live up to their promises of creating truly selfsustaining communities, as they became enclosed by larger suburban sprawl. Other influences of the garden city ideal can nevertheless be found in landscape architecture and the design of major urban parks, not to mention the construction of state and national parks and forests in both the U.S. and Europe, and eventually throughout the world.

The most practical innovation of early twentieth century urban planning was, however, the establishment of zoning laws that allowed for the political regulation of building practices. By the middle of the century architects and city planners were increasingly working together, with efforts also being made to enhance democratic participation in urban planning. The more grandiose schemes of Le Corbusier (who proposed a rebuilding of Paris) or Robert Moses (the New York state and city official who controlled its park and transportation development for more than 30 years), were moderated by local interests. Between them, social critics such as Jane Jacobs (1961) and urban planners such as Constantive Doxiadis (1963) brought realism and a more inclusive or interdisciplinary holism to thinking about the constructed world on the larger scale. The last half of the century also witnessed a new awakening of efforts among planners to take the natural environment into account in urban planning. Here the work of Ian McHarg (1969) exercised formative influence.

Product Design

Parallel to the architectural development of a machine esthetic at the level of structures, in tension with the organic ideals of urban planners, the commodities of peace and war were undergoing their own constructive transformations. Tools (dependent on human energy and guidance) were increasingly complemented if not replaced by machines (driven by nonhuman energy but still directed by human agents) and eventually semiautonomous machines (requiring only indirect human guidance via feedback systems or programs), with the tools to machines transition continuing from the nineteenth century and dominating during the first half of the twentieth, and the rise of automation highlighting the second half. Distinctive of the century as a whole was the construction of a new type of household commodity— the electrical appliance—and then the electronic tool-machine represented most popularly by radios, televisions, and computers.

Prior to the rise of modern technology, the design of artifacts serving daily life was embedded in the craft of making—a virtually universal activity. Almost everyone was an artisan in the home, workshop, or field, and thus at one and the same time a person who conceived, fabricated, and used the indigenous basics of material culture. People ‘‘designed’’ things in the course of constructing them, so that making seldom involved any substantial moment of thinking through or planning beforehand, but proceeded as intuitive cut-and-try fabrication, guided by indigenous materials, traditions, and community. What has come to be called consumer product testing took place right in the making and immediate using by the maker, with the result that the commodities from regimes of craft production typically exhibit a certain practical artistic quality and honesty.

The Industrial Revolution’s replacement of human power with coal- and steam-driven prime movers, its gearing of power into repetitive motion, and the required divisions of labor in manufacture, brought forth two needs: (1) the need for the designer as standard pattern maker so that artifacts could be mass produced; and (2) a need for the designer as style giver so that they could be mass marketed. Such a separation of design from construction and use could not help but open the door to a qualitative decline in the commodities produced, in reaction to which there emerged diverse efforts to reintroduce ‘‘art’’ into the new regime of industrial production; that is, to reunite what had been separated.

In the early stages, various arts and crafts movements sought to revive aspects of preindustrial modes of production, but at the beginning of the twentieth century the industrial design movement took a different approach, applying to quotidian commodities the principles being pursued in modernist architecture. Indeed, Gropius at the Bauhaus promoted modernist, technological simplification both in buildings and in streamlined furniture (see the famous Marcel Breuer chair). As one leading historian of product design has summarized the movement:

By the end of the Second World War, the practice of styling mechanical and electrical goods to make them appear clean, crisp, geometrical and, above all, modern, had become commonplace. Cars, electric razors, radios, food-mixers, typewriters, cameras, washing-machines, and so on, were all given body-shells reflecting the machine esthetic of efficiency and functionalism [P. Sparke 1986, pp. 49–50].

In the last half of the century, however, in product design as in architecture, questions arose about notions of rational objectivity and universality, especially in a market dependent on advertising. The psychological requirements of the mass consumer were granted increasing legitimacy, so that expendability and playful symbolism began to replace stricter rationalisms. In counterpoint to a culture of waste and simulacra however, designers such as Victor Papanek called first for a new applied realism (1971) and then respect for the ecological imperative (1995) in product design. The question of sustainability emerged in relation to both human markets and the natural environment.

In summary, the constructed world is a historical phenomenon that has during the twentieth century emerged on three levels: the intermediate level of buildings or structures (architecture), the largescale level of cities and landscapes (urban planning), and the small-scale level of consumer goods (product design). There are nevertheless other levels of and perspectives on construction that have been passed over here: the microlevel construction in biotechnology and genetic engineering and nanoscale engineering design, politics and warfare (construction through destruction), the economics of globalization, information technology and the construction of the networked world, and the multiple media-based transformation of life and leisure. There also remains the need for a broadly based, general understanding of construction that would unite such levels and approaches.

References:

  • Billington, D.P. The Tower and the Bridge: The New Art of Structural Engineering. Basic Books, New York, 1983.
  • Howard, E. Garden Cities of To-Morrow. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1965. First published 1902.
  • Sparke, P. An Introduction to Design and Culture in the Twentieth Century. Allen & Unwin, London, 1986.

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Researchers search for solutions to construct a comprehensive workforce

  • Ashley Williamson
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Students stand at perimeter of jobsite during classroom tour. Peter Means for Virginia Tech.

Student in Timberland Boots stands on gravel at jobsite.

At the perimeter of any construction site, you will find large fences designed to keep construction materials in and danger out. But those aren’t the barriers that keep more people from joining the construction workforce.

Virginia Tech researchers say it’s the invisible barriers that need to be deconstructed. While many in both industry and academia tout best practices to recruit and retain a more diverse crew,  Myers-Lawson School of Construction researchers have found the “perfect answer” doesn’t exist — yet.

“A lot of companies present what they're doing as a best practice, and yet in some cases, they don’t even know if it works within their own organization because the data isn’t there,” said Josh Iorio , assistant director for Myers-Lawson. “There's a ton of space here for improvement.”

With more than a decade of experience at Virginia Tech, Iorio has seen efforts to grow the construction industry in many shapes and sizes. In 2014, he began to join the university’s InclusiveVT efforts. During that time, he coordinated a speaker series, poster projects, and mentorship programs to boost knowledge about diversity and inclusion in construction education. But in the industry, he heard stories of women being treated differently, people being harassed, and racial slurs.

“I'm sitting across from parents with concerns about their daughter going into the industry. Initially, I told them things were changing and getting better and that's the old industry, but I didn't know,” said Iorio. “I saw it as being unethical to basically say things are getting better without any evidence." 

Iorio said that honesty set him on a path to take a real look at representation in the industry. Through years of leading inclusion and diversity efforts within the school of construction, Iorio saw a further disconnect between industry and academic efforts. Both acknowledged problems such as a lack of women, a lack of a diverse and robust workforce, and low retention rates, but there was little to no research about how to fix the problems. 

Merging theory and practice

Enter building construction Assistant Professor Alireza Shojaei. While the majority of his work is focused on revolutionizing the construction industry through digital innovation, he also seeks to innovate hiring and retention practices using data. 

“This work is personal for me. I lived in three different countries on three different continents and saw firsthand the impact and the importance of working with people from different backgrounds and different societies,” said Shojaei. 

Shojaei sees workforce challenges as complex issues involve economics, social sciences, and political initiatives. He and graduate student Mohammad Hossein Heydari are taking an in-depth look at the individual pieces of the bigger puzzle. Their first deep dive focused on the areas where academic leaders offered ideas for potential best practices.

Their research found several scholars offering suggestions for an industry standard including

  • Female mentorship or role model programs
  • Increasing the number of women in managerial positions  
  • Unifying communication practices
  • Flexibility in work-life balance
  • Transparent promotion criteria
  • Return-to-work training for new mothers 
  • Sharing success stories

Based on those suggested measures, they then looked at the last 13 years of construction labor data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics for indications of whether those ideas translated into noticeable changes within the construction industry. Combining the qualitative data from the literature and the quantitative data from the labor statistics, they uncovered trends that pointed them toward future exploration:

  • Women make up roughly 11 percent of the workforce, but 50 percent of the population. They are by far the most studied group. Efforts have been made to increase the number of women in the workforce, but so far, the data trends do not indicate significant growth.
  • Female students outside of construction programs mention the industry's poor image as a deterrent, even in some cases where they have family ties to construction.
  • When women are on a job site, there tend to be lower accident rates and higher safety performances, but it’s not known if one causes the other.
  • There is a high rate of injury among Hispanic workers in construction. While many say this is caused by a communication issue, the researchers found that it is only one of many factors including higher productivity pressures, poor safety climates, and supervisor pressures. 
  • There is limited information about other ethnic groups, LGBTQIA+, and people with disabilities. Researchers say it’s not because those sections of the population are not in the construction industry, but rather a hesitation to self-report due to external fears or pressures.

“The research over time is increasing, but not fast enough to generate the knowledge we need to be able to solve the problems that we've identified. We need a concerted effort between the people whose job it is to conduct research and the people whose job it is to recruit and retain within construction,” said Iorio, who is serving as the connection point between construction industry executives and researchers. “What we found is that there aren't any obvious best practices, right? That's the punchline.” 

Data can unlock solutions to help both individual companies and the industry as a whole, but that data needs to come from the companies themselves, which requires buy-in and transparency.

“Hopefully, what comes of this is that the industry will see there's still a lot of work to be done. The researchers need access and support from those in the industry. We don't need all of your data, but rather specific kinds of data so that we can prove some of these theories that we're presenting here,” said Iorio.

With specific data, the researchers could investigate subfactors that affect recruitment and retention within companies including location, sector of construction, safety, company policies, profits, and more. The research team recently added graduate students Hossein Naderi and Reachsak Ly to review industry articles and journals for similar suggestions about best practices.

“We need to talk to people; we need to conduct surveys, collect data, and see if we can connect these policies to the results that we are seeing and see what is and is not effective,” said Shojaei.

Josh Iorio (left) and Ali Shojaei (right) discuss ongoing research efforts. Ashley Williamson for Virginia Tech.

Josh Iorio (left) and Ali Shojaei (right) discuss ongiong research efforts. Ashley Williamson for Virginia Tech.

Partnership for industry progress

The researchers found companies are hesitant to provide data due to fears of being judged or facing consequences. With over a decade of work in this area, Iorio is helping companies dismantle those fears through transparency. In 2021, he began to host “elephant in the room" discussions to bring together people who work on inclusion and diversity efforts within their own companies. There, the group had honest conversations about the issues and potential solutions that exist across the spectrum.

“The future of the industry is focused on smart construction and technology. But if we don't have people, there's no industry of the future,” said Iorio. “This type of work takes time and money, both of which are valuable resources for a company’s bottom line. What we want to offer is research-backed inclusion and diversity models that have tangible results so companies can invest in the best areas to yield the best results.”

Over the years, Iorio has worked closely with several companies that believe in this vision for the future of the industry, including construction management consulting firm  MBP  and its co-founder and CEO,  Blake Peck . He has seen the industry change over many decades and envisions a partnership with the research team as a pathway for more people to enter the industry and keep the story of this dynamic industry alive.

"We have a great story here in the construction industry, but we unfortunately keep it a secret," said Peck. “I hope this research sheds light on the great work we do, our desire to increase representation and the importance of implementing strategies and processes that are specifically designed for the rewarding and dynamic nature of construction.”

In the long run, researchers hope these efforts not only elevate the experience of current industry workers, but open more doors for a new generation of leaders. This summer, Shojaei and his team plan to publish a knowledge database to give people a chance to access the available data. 

Chelsea Seeber

540-231-2108

  • Building Construction
  • College of Engineering
  • Decent Work and Economic Growth
  • Inclusion and Diversity
  • Industry Partners
  • Myers-Lawson School of Construction
  • Reduce Inequalities

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Understanding psychosocial factors for addressing mental health concerns in the construction industry

Faculty/school.

Faculty of Business and Law

School of Management

Topic status

We're looking for students to study this topic.

Research centre

Australian Centre for Health Law Research

Supervisors

construction research topics

Construction workers are at an increased risk of suicide and experience higher rates of poor psychological health. This research investigates the many psychosocial factors that can contribute to worker psychological (and general) wellbeing. This includes social support, social capital, personal networks, work-related conditions, and work-life-balance. Managing the psychosocial wellbeing of workers is as critical to addressing physical risks associated with construction work.

Research activities

  • literature review
  • draft research publication (as lead or co-author)
  • data analysis (with support from your supervisors if this is something you are interested in)
  • data collection.
  • publication (as lead or co-author)
  • possible opportunity to present findings at a research conference
  • statistical analysis skills
  • thesis (if a higher research degree student).

Scholarships

You may be eligible to apply for a research scholarship.

Explore our research scholarships

  • mental health
  • psychosocial wellbeing
  • construction work
  • suicide prevention

Contact the supervisor for more information.

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